L78MxxC Positive voltage regulators Datasheet - production data Features Output current to 0.5 A Output voltages of 5; 6; 8; 9; 12; 15; 24 V Thermal overload protection Short circuit protection Output transition SOA protection TO-220 TO-220FP Description The L78MxxC series of three-terminal positive regulators is available in TO-220, TO-220FP, DPAK and IPAK packages and with several fixed output voltages, making it useful in a wide range of applications. These regulators can provide local on-card regulation, eliminating the distribution problems associated with single point regulation. Each type employs internal current limiting, thermal shutdown and safe area protection, making it essentially indestructible. If adequate heat sinking is provided, they can deliver over 0.5 A output current. Although designed primarily as fixed voltage regulators, these devices can be used with external components to obtain adjustable voltage and currents. Table 1. DPAK IPAK Device summary Order codes Part numbers TO-220 L78M05C L78M05CV TO-220 (1) L78M05CV-DG Output voltages TO-220FP DPAK IPAK L78M05CP L78M05CDT-TR L78M05CDT-1 L78M06C L78M06CDT-TR L78M06CDT-1 6V (2) 8V 9V L78M08C L78M08CV L78M08CV-DG L78M08CDT-TR L78M08CDT-1 L78M09C L78M09CV L78M09CV-DG L78M09CDT-TR L78M09CDT-1 (2) L78M12C L78M12CV L78M12CV-DG L78M12CDT-TR L78M15C L78M15CV L78M15CV-DG L78M24C L78M24CV L78M24CV-DG 12 V L78M15CDT-TR L78M24CP (2) L78M24CDT-TR 5V (2) 15 V L78M24CDT-1 (2) 24 V 1. TO-220 Dual Gauge frame 2. Available on request May 2012 This is information on a product in full production. Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 1/30 www.st.com 30 Contents L78MxxC Contents 1 Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 Pin configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 Maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4 Test circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 6 Typical performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 7 Package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 8 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2/30 Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 L78MxxC Diagram 1 Diagram Figure 1. Block diagram Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 3/30 Pin configuration L78MxxC 2 Pin configuration Figure 2. Pin connections (top view) Figure 3. 4/30 TO-220 TO220FP DPAK IPAK Schematic diagram Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 L78MxxC Maximum ratings 3 Maximum ratings Table 2. Absolute maximum ratings Symbol Parameter Value for VO = 5 to 18 V 35 for VO = 20, 24 V 40 Unit VI DC input voltage IO Output current Internally limited mA PD Power dissipation Internally limited mW - 65 to 150 C 0 to 150 C TSTG Storage temperature range TOP Operating junction temperature range V Note: Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur. Functional operation under these condition is not implied. Table 3. Thermal data Symbol Parameter TO-220 TO-220FP DPAK IPAK Unit RthJC Thermal resistance junction-case 5 5 8 C/W RthJA Thermal resistance junction-ambient 50 60 100 C/W Figure 4. Application circuit Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 5/30 Test circuits 4 Test circuits Figure 5. DC parameter Figure 6. Load regulation Figure 7. Ripple rejection 6/30 L78MxxC Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 L78MxxC 5 Electrical characteristics Electrical characteristics Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 C, VI = 10 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F unless otherwise specified. Table 4. Symbol Electrical characteristics of L78M05C Parameter VO Output voltage VO Output voltage VO Line regulation VO Load regulation Id Id VO/T Test conditions IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 7 to 20 V Typ. Max. Unit 4.8 5 5.2 V 4.75 5 5.25 V VI = 7 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA 100 VI = 8 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA 50 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 C 100 IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 C 50 mV mV Quiescent current Quiescent current change 6 IO = 5 to 350 mA 0.5 IO = 200 mA, VI = 8 to 25 V 0.8 Output voltage drift IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 C Supply voltage rejection VI = 8 to 18 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz Vd Dropout voltage Isc Short circuit current SVR Min. VI = 35 V Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 mA mA -0.5 62 mV/C dB 40 V 2 V 300 mA 7/30 Electrical characteristics L78MxxC Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 C, VI = 11 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F unless otherwise specified. Table 5. Symbol Electrical characteristics of L78M06C Parameter VO Output voltage VO Output voltage VO Line regulation VO Load regulation Id Id VO/T Test conditions IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 8 to 21 V Typ. Max. Unit 5.75 6 6.25 V 5.7 6 6.3 V VI = 8 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA 100 VI = 9 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA 50 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 C 120 IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 C 60 mV mV Quiescent current Quiescent current change 6 IO = 5 to 350 mA 0.5 IO = 200 mA, VI = 9 to 25 V 0.8 Output voltage drift IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 C Supply voltage rejection VI = 9 to 19 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz Vd Dropout voltage Isc Short circuit current SVR Min. mA mA -0.5 mV/C 59 VI = 35 V dB 45 V 2 V 270 mA Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 C, VI = 14 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F unless otherwise specified. Table 6. Symbol Electrical characteristics of L78M08C Parameter VO Output voltage VO Output voltage VO Line regulation VO Load regulation Id Id VO/T Test conditions IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 10.5 to 23 V Max. Unit 7.7 8 8.3 V 7.6 8 8.4 V 100 VI = 11 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA 50 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 C 160 IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 C 80 mV mV Quiescent current Quiescent current change 6 IO = 5 to 350 mA 0.5 IO = 200 mA, VI = 10.5 to 25 V 0.8 IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 C Supply voltage rejection VI = 11.5 to 21.5 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz Vd Dropout voltage Isc Short circuit current 8/30 Typ. VI = 10.5 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA Output voltage drift SVR Min. VI = 35 V Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 mA mA -0.5 56 mV/C dB 52 V 2 V 250 mA L78MxxC Electrical characteristics Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 C, VI = 15 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F unless otherwise specified. Table 7. Symbol Electrical characteristics of L78M09C Parameter VO Output voltage VO Output voltage VO Line regulation VO Load regulation Id Id VO/T Test conditions IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 11.5 to 24 V Typ. Max. Unit 8.65 9 9.35 V 8.55 9 9.45 V VI = 11.5 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA 100 VI = 12 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA 50 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 C 180 IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 C 90 mV mV Quiescent current Quiescent current change 6 IO = 5 to 350 mA 0.5 IO = 200 mA, VI = 11.5 to 25 V 0.8 Output voltage drift IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 C Supply voltage rejection VI = 12.5 to 23 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz Vd Dropout voltage Isc Short circuit current SVR Min. mA mA -0.5 mV/C 56 VI = 35 V dB 58 V 2 V 250 mA Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 C, VI = 19 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F unless otherwise specified. Table 8. Symbol Electrical characteristics of L78M12C Parameter VO Output voltage VO Output voltage VO Line regulation VO Load regulation Id Id VO/T Test conditions IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 14.5 to 27 V Typ. Max. Unit 11.5 12 12.5 V 11.4 12 12.6 V VI = 14.5 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA 100 VI = 16 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA 50 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 C 240 IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 C 120 mV mV Quiescent current Quiescent current change 6 IO = 5 to 350 mA 0.5 IO = 200 mA, VI = 14.5 to 30 V 0.8 Output voltage drift IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 C Supply voltage rejection VI = 15 to 25 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz Vd Dropout voltage Isc Short circuit current SVR Min. VI = 35 V Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 mA mA -1 55 mV/C dB 75 V 2 V 240 mA 9/30 Electrical characteristics L78MxxC Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 C, VI = 23 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F unless otherwise specified. Table 9. Symbol Electrical characteristics of L78M15C Parameter VO Output voltage VO Output voltage VO Line regulation VO Load regulation Id Id VO/T Test conditions IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 17.5 to 30 V Typ. Max. Unit 14.4 15 15.6 V 14.25 15 15.75 V VI = 17.5 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA 100 VI = 20 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA 50 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 C 300 IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 C 150 mV mV Quiescent current Quiescent current change 6 IO = 5 to 350 mA 0.5 IO = 200 mA, VI = 17.5 to 30 V 0.8 Output voltage drift IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 C Supply voltage rejection VI = 18.5 to 28.5 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz Vd Dropout voltage Isc Short circuit current SVR Min. mA mA -1 mV/C 54 VI = 35 V dB 90 V 2 V 240 mA Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 C, VI = 23 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F unless otherwise specified. Table 10. Symbol Electrical characteristics of L78M24C Parameter VO Output voltage VO Output voltage VO Line regulation VO Load regulation Id Id VO/T Test conditions IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 27 to 38 V Max. Unit 23 24 25 V 22.8 24 25.2 V 100 VI = 28 to 38 V, IO = 200 mA 50 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 C 480 IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 C 240 mV mV Quiescent current Quiescent current change 6 IO = 5 to 350 mA 0.5 IO = 200 mA, VI = 27 to 38 V 0.8 IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 C Supply voltage rejection VI = 28 to 38 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz Vd Dropout voltage Isc Short circuit current 10/30 Typ. VI = 27 to 38 V, IO = 200 mA Output voltage drift SVR Min. VI = 35 V Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 mA mA -1.2 50 mV/C dB 170 V 2 V 240 mA L78MxxC Typical performance 6 Typical performance Figure 8. Dropout voltage vs. junction temp. Figure 9. Dropout characteristics Figure 10. Peak output current vs. inputoutput differential voltage Figure 11. Output voltage vs. junction temperature Figure 12. Supply voltage rejection vs. frequency Figure 13. Quiescent current vs. junction temperature Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 11/30 Typical performance L78MxxC Figure 14. Load transient response Figure 15. Line transient response Figure 16. Quiescent current vs. input voltage Figure 17. Fixed output regulator 1. To specify an output voltage, substitute voltage value for "XX". 2. Although no output capacitor is need for stability, it does improve transient response. 3. Required if regulator is locate an appreciable distance from power supply filter. 12/30 Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 L78MxxC Typical performance Figure 18. Constant current regulator IO = VXX/R1+Id Figure 19. Circuit for increasing output voltage IR1 5 Id VO = VXX(1+R2/R1)+IdR2 Figure 20. Adjustable output regulator (7 to 30 V) Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 13/30 Typical performance L78MxxC Figure 21. 0.5 to 10 V regulator VO=VXXR4/R1 Figure 22. High current voltage regulator VBEQ1 R1 = ______________ IREQ-(IQ1/bQ1) VBEQ1 IO = IREG + Q1 (IREG ______) R1 Figure 23. High output current with short circuit protection RSC=VBEQ2/ISC 14/30 Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 L78MxxC Typical performance Figure 24. Tracking voltage regulator Figure 25. High input voltage circuit VIN = VI - (VZ + VBE) Figure 26. Reducing power dissipation with dropping resistor VI(min)-VXX-VDROP(max) R = ____________________ IO(max)+Id(max) Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 15/30 Typical performance L78MxxC Figure 27. Power AM modulator (unity voltage gain, IO 0.5) Note: The circuit performs well up to 100 kHz. Figure 28. Adjustable output voltage with temperature compensation VO = VXX (1+R2/R1) + VBE Note: 16/30 Q2 is connected as a diode in order to compensate the variation of the Q1 VBE with the temperature. C allows a slow rise time of the VO. Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 L78MxxC 7 Package mechanical data Package mechanical data In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK(R) packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK(R) specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK is an ST trademark. Table 11. TO-220 mechanical data Type STD - ST Dual Gauge Type STD - ST Single Gauge mm. mm. Dim. Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. A 4.40 4.60 4.40 4.60 b 0.61 0.88 0.61 0.88 b1 1.14 1.70 1.14 1.70 c 0.48 0.70 0.48 0.70 D 15.25 15.75 15.25 15.75 D1 1.27 E 10.00 10.40 10.00 10.40 e 2.40 2.70 2.40 2.70 e1 4.95 5.15 4.95 5.15 F 1.23 1.32 0.51 0.60 H1 6.20 6.60 6.20 6.60 J1 2.40 2.72 2.40 2.72 L 13.00 14.00 13.00 14.00 L1 3.50 3.93 3.50 3.93 L20 16.40 16.40 L30 28.90 28.90 P 3.75 3.85 3.75 3.85 Q 2.65 2.95 2.65 2.95 In spite of some difference in tolerances, the packages are compatible. Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 17/30 Package mechanical data L78MxxC Figure 29. Drawing dimension TO-220 (type STD-ST Dual Gauge) 0015988_S Note: 18/30 1 Maximum resin gate protrusion: 0.5 mm. 2 Resin gate position is accepted in each of the two positions shown on the drawing, or their symmetrical. Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 L78MxxC Package mechanical data Figure 30. Drawing dimension TO-220 (type STD-ST Single Gauge) 8174627_B Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 19/30 Package mechanical data L78MxxC Figure 31. Drawing dimension tube for TO-220 Dual Gauge (mm.) Figure 32. Drawing dimension tube for TO-220 Single Gauge (mm.) 20/30 Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 L78MxxC Package mechanical data TO-220FP mechanical data Dim. mm. Min. Typ inch. Max. Min. Typ. Max. A 4.40 4.60 0.173 0.181 B 2.5 2.7 0.098 0.106 D 2.5 2.75 0.098 0.108 E 0.45 0.70 0.017 0.027 F 0.75 1 0.030 0.039 F1 1.15 1.50 0.045 0.059 F2 1.15 1.50 0.045 0.059 G 4.95 5.2 0.194 0.204 G1 2.4 2.7 0.094 0.106 H 10.0 10.40 0.393 L2 L3 16 0.409 0.630 28.6 30.6 1.126 1.204 L4 9.8 10.6 0.385 0.417 L5 2.9 3.6 0.114 0.142 L6 15.9 16.4 0.626 0.645 L7 9 9.3 0.354 0.366 DIA. 3 3.2 0.118 0.126 7012510A-H Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 21/30 Package mechanical data L78MxxC Figure 33. Drawing dimension DPAK (type STD-ST) 0068772/G Note: 22/30 1 Max resin gate protrusion: 0.5 mm. 2 Max resin protrusion: 0.25 mm. Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 L78MxxC Package mechanical data Figure 34. Drawing dimension DPAK (type FUJITSU-subcon.) 0068772/G Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 23/30 Package mechanical data L78MxxC Figure 35. Drawing dimension DPAK (type IDS-subcon.) 0068772/G 24/30 Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 L78MxxC Table 12. Package mechanical data DPAK mechanical data Dim. Min. Type STD-ST Type FUJITSU-Subcon. Type IDS-Subcon mm. mm. mm. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. 2.30 2.35 2.19 2.38 A 2.20 2.40 2.25 A1 0.90 1.10 0.96 1.06 0.89 1.14 A2 0.03 0.23 0 0.10 0.03 0.23 b 0.64 0.90 0.76 0.86 0.64 0.88 b4 5.20 5.40 5.28 5.38 5.21 5.46 c 0.45 0.60 0.46 0.56 0.46 0.58 c2 0.48 0.60 0.46 0.56 0.46 0.58 D 6.00 6.20 6.05 6.15 5.97 6.22 5.27 5.47 D1 E 5.10 6.40 6.60 E1 4.70 e 2.28 2.23 4.40 4.60 H 9.35 10.10 L 1.00 2.80 L2 0.80 L4 0.60 R V2 Note: 6.65 6.35 1.00 2.28 2.33 2.28 4.51 4.61 10.42 10.30 9.40 1.40 1.60 0.90 2.50 2.65 1.03 1.13 0.89 1.27 0.70 0.90 0.64 1.02 0.40 8 6.73 4.70 9.90 0.20 0 6.60 4.77 e1 L1 6.55 5.20 0 0.20 8 0 8 The DPAK package coming from the two subcontractors (Fujitsu and IDS) are fully compatible with the ST's package suggested footprint. Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 25/30 Package mechanical data L78MxxC Figure 36. DPAK footprint recommended data Table 13. Footprint data Values 26/30 Dim. mm. inch. A 6.70 0.264 B 6.70 0.64 C 1.8 0.070 D 3.0 0.118 E 1.60 0.063 F 2.30 0.091 G 2.30 0.091 Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 L78MxxC Package mechanical data IPAK mechanical data mm. inch. Dim. Min. Max. Min. 2.2 2.4 0.086 0.094 A1 0.9 1.1 0.035 0.043 B 0.64 0.9 0.025 0.035 B2 5.2 5.4 0.204 0.212 A Typ. B3 Typ. 0.95 B5 0.037 0.3 B6 Max. 0.012 0.95 0.037 C 0.45 0.6 0.017 0.023 C2 0.48 0.6 0.019 0.023 D 6 6.2 0.236 0.244 E 6.4 6.6 0.252 0.260 G 4.4 4.6 0.173 0.181 H 15.9 16.3 0.626 0.641 L 9 9.4 0.354 0.370 L1 0.8 1.2 0.031 0.047 L2 0.8 1 0.031 0.039 0068771-F Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 27/30 Package mechanical data L78MxxC Tape & reel DPAK-PPAK mechanical data mm. inch. Dim. Min. Typ. A Min. Typ. 330 13.0 13.2 Max. 12.992 C 12.8 D 20.2 0.795 N 60 2.362 T 28/30 Max. 0.504 0.512 22.4 0.519 0.882 Ao 6.80 6.90 7.00 0.268 0.272 0.2.76 Bo 10.40 10.50 10.60 0.409 0.413 0.417 Ko 2.55 2.65 2.75 0.100 0.104 0.105 Po 3.9 4.0 4.1 0.153 0.157 0.161 P 7.9 8.0 8.1 0.311 0.315 0.319 Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 L78MxxC Revision history 8 Revision history Table 14. Document revision history Date Revision Changes 21-Jun-2004 6 Document updating. 30-Aug-2006 7 Order codes updated. 29-Nov-2006 8 DPAK mechanical data updated and add footprint data. 06-Jun-2007 9 Order codes updated. 10-Dec-2007 10 Added Table 1. 19-Feb-2008 11 Modified: Table 1 on page 1. 15-Jul-2008 12 Modified: Table 1 on page 1 and Table 14 on page 29. 07-Apr-2009 13 Modified: Figure 9 on page 11 and Figure 15 on page 12. 14-Jun-2010 14 Added: Table 11 on page 17, Figure 29 on page 18, Figure 30 on page 19, Figure 31 and Figure 32 on page 20. 11-Nov-2010 15 Modified: RthJC value for TO-220 Table 3 on page 5. 08-Feb-2012 16 Added: order codes L78M05CV-DG, L78M12CV-DG and L78M15CV-DG Table 1 on page 1. 09-Mar-2012 17 Added: order codes L78M08CV-DG and L78M09CV-DG Table 1 on page 1. 15-May-2012 18 Added: order codes L78M24CV-DG Table 1 on page 1. Doc ID 2146 Rev 18 29/30 L78MxxC Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. 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The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics. All other names are the property of their respective owners. (c) 2012 STMicroelectronics - All rights reserved STMicroelectronics group of companies Australia - Belgium - Brazil - Canada - China - Czech Republic - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - Philippines - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States of America www.st.com 30/30 Doc ID 2146 Rev 18