L4964 (R) HIGH CURRENT SWITCHING REGULATOR .. .. .. .. .. . . 4 A OUTPUT CURRENT 5.1 V TO 28 V OUTPUT VOLTAGE RANGE 0 TO 100 % DUTY CYCLE RANGE PRECISE ( 3 %) ON-CHIP REFERENCE SWITCHING FREQUENCY UP TO 120 KHz VERY HIGH EFFICIENCY (UP TO 90 %) VERY FEW EXTERNAL COMPONENTS SOFT START RESET OUTPUT CURRENT LIMITING INPUT FOR REMOTE INHIBIT AND SYNCHRONUS PWM THERMAL SHUTDOWN MULTIWATT15 Vertical (Plastic Package) ORDERING NUMBER : L4964 DESCRIPTION The L4964 is a stepdown power switching regulator delivering 4A at a voltage variable from 5.1V to 28V. Features of the device include overload protection, soft start, remote inhibit, thermal protection, a reset output for microprocessors and a PWM comparator input for synchronization in multichip configurations. The L4964 is mounted in a 15-lead Multiwatt plastic power package and requires very few external components. Efficient operation at switching frequencies up to 120kHz allows a reduction in the size and cost of external filter components. MULTIWATT15 Horizontal (Plastic Package) ORDERING NUMBER : L4964HT PIN CONNECTION (top view) Pins 1, 4, 15 must not be connected. Leave open circuit. July 2003 1/13 L4964 PIN FUNCTIONS N Name 1 N.C. 2 Output 3 Supply Voltage Function Must not be connected. Leave open circuit. Regulator Output. Unregulated Voltage Input. An internal regulator powers the L4964's internal logic. 4 N.C. 5 Soft Start Must not be connected. Leave open circuit. 6 Inhibit Input TTL - Level Remote Inhibit. A logic high level on this input disables the L4964. 7 Sync Input Multiple L4964's are synchronized by connecting the pin 7 inputs together and omitting the oscillator RC network on all but one device. Soft Start Time Constant. A capacitor is connected between this terminal and ground to define the soft start time constant. This capacitor also determines the average short circuit output current. 8 Ground 9 Frequency Compensation 10 Feedback Input The Feedback Terminal of the Regulation Loop. The output is connected directly to this terminal for 5.1 V operation ; it is connected via a divider for higher voltages. 11 Oscillator A parallel RC network connected to this terminal determines the switching frequency. The pin must be connected to pin 7 input when the internal oscillator is used. 12 Reset Input Input of the Reset Circuit. The threshold is roughly 5 V. It may be connected to the beedback point or via a divider to the input. 13 Reset Delay A capacitor connected between this terminal and ground determines the reset signal delay time. 14 Reset Output Open Collector Reset Signal Output. This output is high when the supply is safe. 15 N.C. BLOCK DIAGRAM 2/13 Common Ground Terminal. A series RC network connected between this terminal and ground determines the regulation loop gain characteristics. Must not be connected. Leave open circuit. L4964 CIRCUIT OPERATION (refer to the block diagram) The L4964 is a monolithic stepdown switching regulator providing output voltages from 5.1 V to 28 V and delivering 4A. The regulation loop consists of a sawtooth oscillator, error amplifier, comparator and the output stage. An error signal is produced by comparing the output voltage with a precise 5.1 V on-chip reference (zener zap trimmed to 3 %). This error signal is then compared with the sawtooth signal to generate the fixed frequency pulse width modulated pulses which drive the output stage. The gain and frequency stability of the loop can be ajusted by an external RC network connected to pin 9. Closing the loop directly gives an output voltage of 5.1 V. Higher voltages are obtained by inserting a voltage divider. Output overcurrents at switch on are prevented by the soft start function. The error amplifier output is initially clamped by the external capacitor Css and allowed to rise, linearly, as this capacitor is charged by a constant current source. Output overload protection is provided in the form of a current limiter. The load current is sensed by an internal metal resistor connected to a comparator. When the load current exceeds a preset threshold this comparator sets a flip flop which disables the output stage and discharges the soft start capacitor. A second comparator resets the flip flop when the voltage across the soft start capacitor has fallen to 0.4 V. The output stage is thus re-enable and the output voltage rises under contro of the soft start network. If the overload condition is still present the limiter will trigger again when the thershold current is reached. The average short circuit current is limited to a safe value by the dead time introduced by the soft start network. The reset circuit generates an output signal when the supply voltage exceeds a threshold programmed by an external divider. The reset signal is generated with a delay time programmed by an external capacitor. When the supply falls below the threshold the reset output goes low immediately. The reset output is an open collector. A TTL - level input is provided for applications such as remote on/off control. This input is activated by high level and disables circuit operation. After an inhibit the L4964 restarts under control of the soft start network. The thermal overload circuit disables circuit operation when the junction temperature reaches about 150 and has hysteresis to prevent unstable conditions. Figure 1 : Reset Output Waveforms 3/13 L4964 Figure 2 : Soft Start Waveforms Figure 3 : Current Limiter Waveforms ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Symbol Vi Vi - V2 V2 V12 V5, V7, V9 V10, V6, V13 V14 I9 I11 I14 Ptot Tj, Tstg Parameter Input Voltage (pin 3) Input to Output Voltage Difference Output DC Voltage Output Peak Voltage at t = 0.1 sec f = 100 kHz Voltage at Pin 12 Voltage at Pins 5, 7 and 9 Voltage at Pins 10, 6 and 13 Voltage at Pin 14 (I14 1 mA) Pin 9 Sink Current Pin 11 Source Current Pin 14 Sink Current (V14 < 5 V) Power Dissipation at Tcase 90 C Junction and Storage Temperature Value 36 38 -1 -7 10 5.5 7 Vi 1 20 50 20 - 40 to 150 Unit V V V V V V V Value 3 35 Unit C/W C/W mA mA mA W C THERMAL DATA Symbol Rth j-case Rth j-amb 4/13 Parameter Thermal Resistance Junction-case Thermal Resistance Junction-ambient Max. Max. L4964 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (refer to the test circuits Tj = 25oC, Vi = 25V, unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Fig. Vi = 36V, Io = 1A Vref Vo = Vref to 28V, Io = 3A 9 Vi = 10V to 30V, Vo = Vref, Io = 2A Io = 1A to 2A Io = 0.5A to 3A, Vo = Vref Internal Reference Voltage (Pin 10) Vi = 9V to 36V, Io = 2A 4.95 Average Temperature Coefficient Tj = 0C to 125C, Io = 2A of Reference Voltage 28 36 70 30 50 5.25 V V mV mV mV V mV/C 4 4 4 4 4 4 3.2 2.4 V V A A mA % % dB 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 kHz % 4 4 % 4 kHz - C - DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS (pin 6 to GND unless otherwise specified) Vo Vi Vo Vo Vref Vref T Vd Iom I2L ISH Output Voltage Range Input Voltage Range Line Regulation Load Regulation Dropout Voltage between Pin 2 and Pin 3 Maximum Operating Load Current Current Limiting Threshold (Pin 2) Input Average Current Efficiency Io = 3A Io = 2A VI = 9V to 36V, Vo = Vref to 28V Vi = 9V to 36V, Vo = Vref to 28V Vi = 36V, Output Short-circuited Vo = Vref Io = 3A Vo = 12V VI = 2Vrms, fripple = 100Hz Vo = Vref, Io = 2A SVR Supply Voltage Ripple Rejection f f Vi f Tj fmax Switching Frequency Voltage Stability of Switching Frequency Vi = 9V to 36V Temperature Stability of Switching Frequency Tj = 0C to 125C Maximum Operating Switching Frequency Thermal Shutdown Junction Temperature Vo = Vref, Io = 1A Tsd 15 10 15 5.1 0.4 2 1.5 4 4.5 46 40 80 75 85 56 50 0.5 8 140 - 60 1 120 135 145 DC CHARACTERISTICS I3Q -I2L Quiescent Drain Current Output Leakage Current Vi = 36V, V7 = 0V, S1 : B, S2 : B V6 = 0V V6 = 3V Vi = 36V, V6 = 3 V, V7 = 0V S1 : B, S2 : A 66 30 mA 6a 100 50 2 mA 6a 180 140 A A 6b 6b 0.8 5.5 V V A 6a 6a 6a V 6c V 6c A A 6c 6c SOFT START I5so I5si Source Current Sink Current V6 = 0V, V5 = 3V V6 = 3V, V5 = 3V Low Input Voltage High Input Voltage Input Current with Input Voltage Vi = 9V to 36V, V7 = 0V S1 : B, S2 : B 80 40 130 70 INHIBIT V6L V6H - I6L -I6H Low Level High Level - 0.3 2 Vi = 9V to 36V, V7 = 0V S1 : B, S2 : B V6 = 0.8V V6 = 2V 20 10 ERROR AMPLIFIER V9H High Level Output Voltage V9L Low Level Output Voltage I9 si -I9 so Sink Output Current Source Output Current V10 = 4.7V, S2 : A V10 = 5.3V, S2 : E V10 = 5.3V, V10 = 4.7V, I9 = 100A, S1 : A, 3.4 I9 = 100A, S1 : A, S1 : A, S2 : B S1 : A, S2 : D 0.6 100 100 150 150 5/13 L4964 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (refer to the test circuits Tj = 25oC, Vi = 25V, unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Fig. 2 55 20 40 A dB 6c 6c 10 A 6a - mA 6a V 6d V 6d V mV 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d ERROR AMPLIFIER (continued) I10 Gv Input Bias Current DC Open Loop Gain V10 = 5.2V, S1 : B V9 = 1V to 3V, S1 : A, S2 : C OSCILLATOR AND PWM COMPARATOR -I7 -I11 Input Bias Current of V7 = 0.5V to 3.5V PWM Comparator Oscillator Source Current V11 = 2V, S1 : A, S2 : B 4 RESET V12R Rising Threshold Voltage V12F Falling Threshold Voltage V13D V13H V14S I12 Delay Threshold Voltage Delay Threshold Voltage Hysteresis Output Saturation Volt. Input Bias Current -I13 so I13 si I14 Delay Source Current Delay Sink Current Output Leakage Current Vi = 9 V to 36 V, S1 : B, S2 : B V12 = 5.3 V, S1 : A, S2 : B I14 = 5mA, V12 = 4.7V - S1, S2 : B V12 = 0V to Vref, S1 : B, S2 : B V13 = 3V, S1 : A, S2 : B V12 = 5.3V V12 = 4.7V Vi = 36V, V12 = 5.3V, S1 : B, S2 : A Figure 4 : Dynamic Test Circuit C7, C8 : EKR (ROE) L1 : L = 300 H at 8 A R = 500 m 6/13 Core type : MAGNETICS 58930 - A2 MPP N turns : 43 Wire Gauge : 1 mm (18 AWG) Vref Vref Vref - 150mV - 100mV - 50mV Vref 4.75 Vref - 150mV - 100mV 4.3 4.5 4.7 100 60 8 1 0.4 10 V A 110 150 A mA A 100 6d L4964 Figure 5 : PC. Board and Component Layout of the Circuit of Fig. 4 (1:1 scale) 7/13 L4964 Figure 6 : DC Test Circuits. Figure 6a. Figure 6b. Figure 6c. 1 - Set V10 FOR V9 = 1 V 2 - Change V10 to obtain V9 = 3 V 3 - GV = DV9 V10 Figure 6d. 8/13 = 2V V10 L4964 Figure 7 : Switching Frequency vs. R1 (see fig. 4). Figure 8 : Open Loop Frequency and Phase Response of Error Amplifier (see fig. 6c). Figure 9 : Reference Voltage (pin 10) vs. Junction Temperature (see fig. 4). Figure 10 : Power Dissipation (L4964 only) vs. Input Voltage. Figure 11 : Efficiency vs. Output Voltage. Figure 12 : Power Dissipation Derrating Curve. 9/13 L4964 APPLICATION INFORMATION CHOOSING THE INDUCTOR AND CAPACITOR The input and output capacitors of the L4964 must have a low ESR and low inductance at high current ripple. Preferably, the inductor should be a toroidal type or wound on a Moly-Permalloy nucleus.Saturation must not occur at current levels below 1.5 times the current limiter level. MPP nuclei have very soft saturation characteristics. L= (Vi - Vo) V0 (Vi - Vo) V0 ,C= Vi f IL 8L f2 Vo IL = Inductance current ripple Vo = Output ripple voltage Figure 13 : Typical Application Circuit. L 4964 C7, C8 : EKR (ROE) SUGGESTED INDUCTOR (L1) Core Type No Turns Wire Gauge (mmm) 1.0 0.8 2 x 0.8 Magnetics 58930 - A2MPP 43 Thomson GUP 20 x 16 x 7 50 Siemens EC 35/17/10 40 (B6633& - G0500 - X127) VOGT 250 H Toroidal Coil, Part Number 5730501800 Air Gap (mm) - 0.7 - Resistor Values for Standard Output Voltages V0 12 V 15 V 18 V R8 4.7 k 4.7 k 4.7 k Figure 14 : P.C. Board and Component Layout of the Circuit of Fig. 13 (1:1 scale) 10/13 R7 6.2 k 9.1 k 12 k L4964 mm MIN. inch TYP. MAX. MIN. TYP. A 5 0.197 B 2.65 0.104 C 1.6 E 0.49 0.063 0.55 0.019 0.022 F 0.66 0.75 0.026 G 1.02 1.27 1.52 0.040 0.050 G1 17.53 17.78 18.03 0.690 0.700 18.030 H1 19.6 20.2 0.772 0.795 H2 19.6 20.2 0.772 0.795 L1 17.8 18 18.2 0.701 0.709 0.717 L2 2.3 2.5 2.8 0.091 0.098 0.110 L3 17.25 17.5 17.75 0.679 0.689 0.699 L4 10.3 10.7 10.9 0.406 0.421 0.429 L5 2.7 3 3.3 0.106 0.118 L7 2.65 2.9 0.104 R OUTLINE AND MECHANICAL DATA MAX. 1.5 0.030 0.060 0.130 0.114 MUL15V.TBL DIM. 0.059 S 1.9 2.6 0.075 0.102 S1 1.9 2.6 0.075 0.102 Dia1 3.65 3.85 0.144 0.152 V Multiwatt15 H (Short Leads) V V V R R A B C V L5 E L2 L1 H2 L3 L4 L7 N F H2 H1 G1 Diam 1 G S MW15HME R1 P S1 11/13 L4964 mm MIN. TYP. inch MAX. MIN. TYP. MAX. A 5 0.197 B 2.65 0.104 C 1.6 D 0.063 1 0.039 E 0.49 0.55 0.019 0.022 F 0.66 0.75 0.026 0.030 G 1.02 1.27 1.52 0.040 0.050 0.060 G1 17.53 17.78 18.03 0.690 0.700 0.710 H1 19.6 0.772 H2 20.2 0.795 L 21.9 22.2 22.5 0.862 0.874 0.886 L1 21.7 22.1 22.5 0.854 0.870 0.886 L2 17.65 18.1 0.695 L3 17.25 17.5 17.75 0.679 0.689 0.699 L4 10.3 10.7 10.9 0.406 0.421 0.429 0.713 L7 2.65 2.9 0.104 M 4.25 4.55 4.85 0.167 0.179 0.191 M1 4.63 5.08 5.53 0.182 0.200 0.218 S 1.9 2.6 0.075 0.102 S1 1.9 2.6 0.075 0.102 Dia1 3.65 3.85 0.144 0.152 12/13 OUTLINE AND MECHANICAL DATA 0.114 MUL15H.TBL DIM. Multiwatt15 V L4964 Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specification mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics (c) 2003 STMicroelectronics - Printed in Italy - All Rights Reserved STMicroelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES Australia - Brazil - Canada - China - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan - Malaysia - Malta - Morocco Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States. http://www.st.com 13/13