Rev.1.1_10
MINI ANALOG SERIES
CMOS SINGLE WIDE-BAND OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER S-89402A/89403A Series
Seiko Instruments Inc. 1
The mini analog series is a group of ICs that incorporate a
general-purpose analog circuit in an ultra-small package.
The S-89402A and S-89403A series are CMOS type wide-band
operational amplifiers with a 10 MHz gain-bandwidth product
(GBP) and can be used in a negative feedback circuit with five
times or more gain. Since these products can be driven at a
lower voltage with lower current consumption than existing
bipolar operational amplifiers, they are ideal for use in small
battery-powered portable equipment.
Features
Gain-bandwidth product: 10 MHz (typ.)
Bandwidth: 1 MHz (typ.) @ Gain = 10
Used with a gain of five or more
Can be driven at lower voltage than existing general-purpose
operational amplifiers: VDD = 2.7 to 5.5 V (S-89402A)
VDD = 1.2 to 3.3 V (S-89403A)
Low current consumption: IDD = 1.9 mA (typ.) @ 3.0 V
Current consumption in shutdown mode: IDD = 0.1 µA (typ.)
Wide I/O voltage range: VCMR = VSS to VDD
Large output current
Low input offset voltage (5.0 mV max.)
Small package (SOT-23-6: 2.9 mm × 2.8 mm)
Package
6-Pin SOT-23-6 (package drawing code: MP006-A)
Selection Guide
Table 1
Recommended Operating Power Voltage Product Name
2.7 to 5.5 V S-89402ALMD-HNN-TF
1.2 to 3.3 V S-89403ALMD-HOW-TF
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Table 2
Parameter Symbol Ratings Unit
Power supply voltage VDD VSS 7.0 V
Input voltage VIN VSS to VDD V
Output voltage VOUT VSS to VDD V
Differential input voltage VIND ±5.5 V
ISOURCE
ISINK
Power dissipation PD250 mW
Operating temperature Topr 40 to +85 °C
Storage temperature Tstg 55 to +125 °C
Caution The absolute maximum ratings are rated values exceeding which the product could suffer
physical damage. These values must therefore not be exceeded under any conditions.
Applications
Cellular phones
PDAs
Notebook PCs
Digital cameras
Digital video cameras
mA
30
Output pin current
CMOS SINGLE WIDE-BAND OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
S-89402A/89403A Series Rev.1.1_10
2 Seiko Instruments Inc.
Pin Configuration
Figure 1
[Internal equivalent circuit]
<1> Output pin <2> Input pin
VDD
VSS
VSS
VDD
Figure 2 Figure 3
<3> VDD pin <4> SHDN pin
VSS
VDD
VSS
VDD
Figure 4 Figure 5
456
VDD IN
(
)
(S-89402/89403ALMD)
6-Pin SOT-23-6
Top View
SHDN
OUT IN
(
+
)
VSS
321
Table 3
Pin No. Symbol Description Internal Equivalent
Circuit
1 OUT Output pin Figure 2
2 VSS GND pin
3IN(+)Non-inverted input pin Figure 3
4IN()Inverted input pin Figure 3
5SHDN Shutdown pin Figure 5
6 VDD Positive power supply pin Figure 4
CMOS SINGLE WIDE-BAND OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
Rev.1.1_10 S-89402A/89403A Series
Seiko Instruments Inc. 3
Electrical Characteristics (S-89402A)
1. VDD = 5.0 V (S-89402A)
Table 4
DC Characteristics (VDD = 5.0 V) (VSHDN = VDD, Ta = 25°C unless otherwise specified)
Parameter Symbol Measurement Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Measure-
ment
Circuit
Current consumption IDD VCMR = VOUT = 2.5 V 2100 2500 µA Figure 11
Current consumption
in shutdown mode IDDshdn VSHDN = 0 V 0.1 1 µA Figure 12
Input offset voltage VIO VCMR = 2.5 V ±3±5 mV Figure 7
Input offset current IIO 1pA
Input bias current IBIAS 1pA
Common-mode input
voltage VCMR 05V
Voltage gain
(open loop) AVOL
VSS + 0.1 V VOUT VDD 0.1 V
VCMR = 2.5 V, RL = 1 M80 90 dB Figure 16
Maximum output VOH RL = 100 k4.99  Figure 9
swing voltage VOL RL = 100 kΩ0.01 Figure 10
Output voltage
in shutdown mode VOshdn VSHDN = 0 V, RL = 100 kΩ0.01 V
Common-mode input
signal rejection ratio CMRR VSS VCMR VDD 40 50 dB Figure 8
Power supply voltage
rejection ratio PSRR VDD = 2.7 to 5.5 V 50 66 dB Figure 6
Source current ISOURCE VOUT = VDD 0.1 V 6.7 7 mA Figure 12
Sink current ISINK VOUT = 0.1 V 2.5 2.7 mA Figure 13
Shutdown pin input During operation 2.2 5
voltage During shutdown 0 0.55
Table 5
AC Characteristics (VDD = 5.0 V)*1 (VSHDN = VDD, Ta = 25°C unless otherwise specified)
Parameter Symbol Measurement Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Measure-
ment
Circuit
Slew rate (Rise) SR_R R1 = 5 k, R2 = 20 k,
CL = 15 pF 25 V/µs Figure 14
Slew rate (Fall) SR_F R1 = 5 k, R2 = 20 k,
CL = 15 pF 25 V/µs Figure 14
Gain bandwidth GBW Gain = 10, CL = 0 pF 1MHz
Gain-bandwidth
product GBP Gain = 10, CL = 0 pF 10 MHz
*1. Phase compensation is not applied when the gain is less than five. Use with a gain of five or more.
VSHDN
V
V
CMOS SINGLE WIDE-BAND OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
S-89402A/89403A Series Rev.1.1_10
4 Seiko Instruments Inc.
2. VDD = 3.0 V (S-89402A)
Table 6
DC Characteristics (VDD = 3.0 V) (VSHDN = VDD, Ta = 25°C unless otherwise specified)
Parameter Symbol Measurement Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Measure-
ment
Circuit
Current consumption IDD VCMR = VOUT = 1.5 V 1900 2300 µA Figure 11
Current consumption
in shutdown mode IDDshdn VSHDN = 0 V 0.1 1 µA Figure 12
Input offset voltage VIO VCMR = 1.5 V ±3±5 mV Figure 7
Input offset current IIO 1pA
Input bias current IBIAS 1pA
Common-mode input
voltage VCMR 03V
Voltage gain
(open loop) AVOL
VSS + 0.1 V VOUT VDD 0.1 V
VCMR = 1.5 V, RL = 1 M80 90 dB Figure 16
Maximum output VOH RL = 100 k2.99  Figure 9
swing voltage VOL RL = 100 kΩ0.01 Figure 10
Output voltage
in shutdown mode VOshdn VSHDN = 0 V, RL = 100 k0.01 V
Common-mode input
signal rejection ratio CMRR VSS VCMR VDD 40 50 dB Figure 8
Power supply voltage
rejection ratio PSRR VDD = 2.7 to 5.5 V 50 66 dB Figure 6
Source current ISOURCE VOUT = VDD 0.1 V 4.35 4.7 mA Figure 13
VOUT = 0.1 V 1.6 1.7
VOUT = VDD 14.5 18
Shutdown pin input During operation 1.8 3
voltage During shutdown 0 0.55
Table 7
AC Characteristics (VDD = 3.0 V)*1 (VSHDN = VDD, Ta = 25°C unless otherwise specified)
Parameter Symbol Measurement Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Measure-
ment
Circuit
Slew rate (Rise) SR_R R1 = 5 k, R2 = 20 k,
CL = 15 pF 20 V/µs Figure 15
Slew rate (Fall) SR_F R1 = 5 k, R2 = 20 k,
CL = 15 pF 20 V/µs Figure 15
Gain bandwidth GBW Gain = 10, CL = 0 pF 1MHz
Gain-bandwidth
product GBP Gain = 10, CL = 0 pF 10 MHz
*1. Phase compensation is not applied when the gain is less than five. Use with a gain of five or more.
VSHDN
V
Figure 14
V
mA
ISINK
Sink current
CMOS SINGLE WIDE-BAND OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
Rev.1.1_10 S-89402A/89403A Series
Seiko Instruments Inc. 5
Electrical Characteristics (S-89403A)
1. VDD = 1.8 V (S-89403A)
Table 8
DC Characteristics (VDD = 1.8 V) (VSHDN = VDD, Ta = 25°C unless otherwise specified)
Parameter Symbol Measurement Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Measure-
ment
Circuit
Current consumption IDD VCMR = VOUT = 0.9 V 1700 2000 µA Figure 11
Current consumption
in shutdown mode IDDshdn VSHDN = 0 V 0.1 1 µA Figure 12
Input offset voltage VIO VCMR = 0.9 V ±3±5 mV Figure 7
Input offset current IIO 1pA
Input bias current IBIAS 1pA
Common-mode input
voltage VCMR 01.8 V
Voltage gain
(open loop) AVOL
VSS + 0.1 V VOUT VDD 0.1 V
VCMR = 0.9 V, RL = 1 M80 90 dB Figure 17
Maximum output VOH RL = 100 k1.79  Figure 9
swing voltage VOL RL = 100 kΩ0.01 Figure 10
Output voltage
in shutdown mode VOshdn VSHDN = 0 V, RL = 100 k0.01 V
Common-mode input
signal rejection ratio CMRR VSS VCMR VDD 30 40 dB Figure 8
Power supply voltage
rejection ratio PSRR VDD = 1.2 to 3.3 V 50 66 dB Figure 6
VOUT = VDD 0.1 V 2.2 2.55
VOUT = VSS 11.7 16
VOUT = 0.1 V 0.85 1
VOUT = VDD 4.2 6
Shutdown pin input During operation 1.5 1.8
voltage During shutdown 0 0.55
Table 9
AC Characteristics (VDD = 1.8 V)*1 (VSHDN = VDD, Ta = 25°C unless otherwise specified)
Parameter Symbol Measurement Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Measure-
ment
Circuit
Slew rate (Rise) SR_R R1 = 5 k, R2 = 20 k,
CL = 15 pF 15 V/µs Figure 15
Slew rate (Fall) SR_F R1 = 5 k, R2 = 20 k,
CL = 15 pF 15 V/µs Figure 15
Gain bandwidth GBW Gain = 10, CL = 0 pF 1MHz
Gain-bandwidth
product GBP Gain = 10, CL = 0 pF 10 MHz
*1. Phase compensation is not applied when the gain is less than five. Use with a gain of five or more.
VSHDN
mV
V
V
ISINK
Sink current
Source current ISOURCE
mV Figure 14
Figure 13
CMOS SINGLE WIDE-BAND OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
S-89402A/89403A Series Rev.1.1_10
6 Seiko Instruments Inc.
2. VDD = 1.2 V (S-89403A)
Table 10
DC Characteristics (VDD = 1.2 V) (VSHDN = VDD, Ta = 25°C unless otherwise specified)
Parameter Symbol Measurement Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Measure-
ment
Circuit
Current consumption IDD VCMR = VOUT = 0.6 V 1400 1700 µA Figure 11
Current consumption
in shutdown mode IDDshdn VSHDN = 0 V 0.1 1 µA Figure 12
Input offset voltage VIO VCMR = 0.6 V ±3±5 mV Figure 7
Input offset current IIO 1pA
Input bias current IBIAS 1pA
Common-mode input
voltage VCMR 01.2 V
Voltage gain
(open loop) AVOL
VSS + 0.1 V VOUT VDD 0.1 V
VCMR = 0.6 V, RL = 1 M70 80 dB Figure 17
Maximum output VOH RL = 100 k1.19  Figure 9
swing voltage VOL RL = 100 kΩ0.01 Figure 10
Output voltage
in shutdown mode VOshdn VSHDN = 0 V, RL = 100 k0.01 V
Common-mode input VSS VCMR VDD 20 34
signal rejection ratio VSS VCMR VDD 0.3 V 34 50
Power supply voltage
rejection ratio PSRR VDD = 1.2 to 3.3 V 50 66 dB Figure 6
VOUT = VDD 0.1 V 0.8 1.2
VOUT = VSS 1.7 4
VOUT = 0.1 V 0.4 0.55
VOUT = VDD 1 1.8
Shutdown pin input During operation 1.14 1.2
voltage During shutdown 0 0.3
Table 11
AC Characteristics (VDD = 1.2 V)*1 (VSHDN = VDD, Ta = 25°C unless otherwise specified)
Parameter Symbol Measurement Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Measure-
ment
Circuit
Slew rate (rise) SR_R R1 = 5 k, R2 = 20 k,
CL = 15 pF 10 V/µs Figure 15
Slew rate (fall) SR_F R1 = 5 k, R2 = 20 k,
CL = 15 pF 10 V/µs Figure 15
Gain bandwidth GBW Gain = 10, CL = 0 pF 1MHz
Gain-bandwidth
product GBP Gain = 10, CL = 0 pF 10 MHz
*1. Phase compensation is not applied when the gain is less than five. Use with a gain of five or more.
VSHDN
ISINK
ISOURCE
CMRR
mV
V
V
Sink current
Source current
mV
dB
Figure 14
dB
Figure 13
Figure 8
CMOS SINGLE WIDE-BAND OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
Rev.1.1_10 S-89402A/89403A Series
Seiko Instruments Inc. 7
Measurement Circuits
1. Power supply voltage rejection ratio
Power supply voltage rejection ratio (PSRR)
The power supply voltage rejection ratio
(PSRR) can be calculated by the following
formula, with the value of VOUT measured at
each VDD.
Measurement conditions:
When VDD = VDD (max.): VDD = VDD1, VOUT = VOUT1
When VDD = VDD (min.): VDD = VDD2, VOUT = VOUT2
=+
×
S
SF
OUT2OUT1
DD2DD1
R
RR
VV
VV
20logPSRR
Figure 6
2. Input offset voltage
Input offset voltage (VIO)
VV V
2
R
RR
IO OUT DD S
FS
=−×
+
Figure 7
RF
RS
RS
RF
+
VOUT
VDD
0.6 V
VSHDN
RF
RS
RS
RF
+
VOUT
VDD
VCMR = VDD / 2
VSHDN
CMOS SINGLE WIDE-BAND OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
S-89402A/89403A Series Rev.1.1_10
8 Seiko Instruments Inc.
3. Common-mode input signal rejection ratio, common-mode input voltage
Common-mode input signal rejection ratio (CMRR)
The common-mode input signal rejection ratio (CMRR)
can be calculated by the following formula, with the value
of VOUT measured at each VIN.
Measurement conditions:
When VIN = VCMR (max.): VIN = VIN1, VOUT = VOUT1
When VIN = VCMR (min.): VIN = VIN2, VOUT = VOUT2
()
=+
×
S
SF
OUT2OUT1
IN2IN1
R
RR
VV
VV
20logCMRR
Common-mode input voltage (VCMR)
The common-mode input voltage is the range of input
voltage within which VOUT satisfies the common-mode input
signal rejection ratio specification when VIN is varied.
4. Maximum output swing voltage
Maximum output swing voltage (VOH)
Measurement conditions:
V0.1
2
V
VDD
IN1 =
V.1 0
2
V
VDD
IN2 +=
RL = 100 k
Figure 9
Maximum output swing voltage (VOL)
Measurement conditions:
V0.1
2
V
VDD
IN1 +=
RL = 100 k
Figure 10
RF
RS
RSRF
+
VOUT
VDD
VDD / 2VIN
VSHDN
VIN2
+
VOH
VDD
VDD / 2
RL
VIN1
VSHDN
VIN2
+
VOL
VDD
VDD / 2
RL
VIN1
VSHDN
V0.1
2
V
VDD
IN2 =
Figure 8
CMOS SINGLE WIDE-BAND OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
Rev.1.1_10 S-89402A/89403A Series
Seiko Instruments Inc. 9
5. Power supply current
Power supply current (IDD)
Figure 11
6. Power supply current in shutdown mode
Power supply current (IDD)
Figure 12
7. Source current
Source current (ISOURCE)
Measurement conditions:
VOUT = VDD 0.1 V or VOUT = 0 V
V0.1
2
V
VDD
IN1 =
V0.1
2
V
VDD
IN2 +=
Figure 13
RF
RS
RS
RF
+
VOUT
VDD
VCMR = VDD / 2
A
VSHDN
RF
RS
RS
RF
+
VOUT
VDD
VCMR = VDD / 2
A
VSHDN
VIN2
+
VOUT
VDD
A
VIN1
VSHDN
CMOS SINGLE WIDE-BAND OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
S-89402A/89403A Series Rev.1.1_10
10 Seiko Instruments Inc.
8. Sink current
Sink current (ISINK)
Measurement conditions:
VOUT = 0.1 V or VOUT = VDD
V0.1
2
V
VDD
IN1 +=
V0.1
2
V
VDD
IN2 =
Figure 14
9. Slew rate (SR)
Figure 15
Figure 16
VOH = 2.7 V (when VDD = 3.0 V), 1.62 V (when VDD = 1.8 V), 1.08 V (when VDD = 1.2 V)
VOL = 0.3 V (when VDD = 3.0 V), 0.18 V (when VDD = 1.8 V), 0.12 V (when VDD = 1.2 V)
+
VDD
VOUT
VIN1
A
VIN2
VSHDN
+
VOUT
VDD/2
R2 = 20 k
R1 = 5 k
VIN
VOUT
VOUT
tTLH
tTHL VOH
VOL
tR= tF=20 ns
When rising
When falling
VOH VOL
tTHL
SR =
VOH VOL
tTLH
SR =
IN(+)=VDD
2
VDD
10
+
IN(+)=VDD
2
VDD
10
VDD
2
VDD
10
CMOS SINGLE WIDE-BAND OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
Rev.1.1_10 S-89402A/89403A Series
Seiko Instruments Inc. 11
10. Voltage gain (open loop)
Voltage gain (open loop) (AVOL)
The voltage gain (open loop) (AVOL) can be
calculated by the following formula, with the
value of VOUT measured at each VM.
Measurement conditions:
When VM = VDD 0.1 V: VM = VM1, VOUT = VOUT1
When VM = 0.1 V: VM = VM2, VOUT = VOUT2
()
=+
×
S
SF
OUT2OUT1
M2M1
VOL
R
RR
VV
VV
20logA
Figure 17
Cautions
Phase compensation is not applied when the gain is less than five times. Use a gain of five times or
more. Be aware that, as in the majority of other operational amplifiers, the capacitative load reduces the
phase margin, which may cause ringing, overshoot, or inadvertent oscillation even if the gain is five
times or more.
Be sure to use the product with an output current of no more than 30 mA.
Operational Amplifier Characteristics
(All Data Indicates Typical Values for One Circuit, VSHDN = VDD)
(1) Voltage gain vs. Frequency
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1 10 100 1000
Freq (kHz)
Gain (dB)
180
135
90
45
0
45
90
135
180
Phase (deg)
Phase
Gain
VDD = 5.0 V, VSS = 0 V, Av = 40 dB, Ta =25°C
10000
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1 10 100 1000 10000
Freq (kHz)
Gain (dB)
180
135
90
45
0
45
90
135
180
Phase(deg)
Phase
Gain
VDD = 3.0 V, VSS = 0 V, Av = 40 dB, Ta = 25°C
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1 10 100 1000 10000
Freq (kHz)
Gain (dB)
180
135
90
45
0
45
90
135
180
Phase (deg)
Phase
Gain
VDD = 1.8 V, VSS = 0 V, Av = 40 dB, Ta = 25°C
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1 10 100 1000 10000
Freq (kHz)
Gain (dB)
180
135
90
45
0
45
90
135
180
Phase (deg)
Phase
Gain
VDD = 1.2 V, VSS = 0 V, Av = 40 dB, Ta = 25°C
RF
RS
RSRF
VDD
VDD/2
1 M
VCMR = VDD/2
VM
+
NULL VOUT
NVSS
NVDD
D.U.T
+
CMOS SINGLE WIDE-BAND OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
S-89402A/89403A Series Rev.1.1_10
12 Seiko Instruments Inc.
(2) Power supply current vs. Power supply voltage
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
012345
V
DD
(V)
IDD
(mA)
25°C
85°C
Ta =40°C
2
VDD
VSS = 0 V, VCMR = VOUT =
(3) Output current characteristics
3-1. Power supply voltage
ISOURCE vs. Power supply voltage
VOH = VDD 0.1 V, VSS = 0 V
ISINK vs. Power supply voltage
VOL = 0.1 V, VSS = 0 V
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
012345
VDD (V)
ISOURCE (
µ
A)
Ta = −40°C25°C
85°C
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
012345
VDD (V)
ISINK (
µ
A)
Ta = −40°C25°C
85°C
3-2. Output voltage (VOH) vs. ISOURCE
VDD = 5 V, VSS = 0 V VDD = 3 V, VSS = 0 V VDD = 1.8 V, VSS = 0 V
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
ISOURCE (mA)
V
OH (V)
Ta = −40°C
25°C
85°C
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
ISOURCE (mA)
VOH (V)
Ta = −40°C
25°C
85°C
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
0 5 10 15 20
ISOURCE (mA)
VOH (V)
Ta = −40°C
25°C
85°C
VDD = 1.2 V, VSS = 0 V
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
01234
ISOURCE (mA)
VOH (V)
Ta = −40°C
25°C
85°C
CMOS SINGLE WIDE-BAND OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER
Rev.1.1_10 S-89402A/89403A Series
Seiko Instruments Inc. 13
3-3. Output voltage (VOL) vs. ISINK
VDD = 5 V, VSS = 0 V VDD = 3 V, VSS = 0 V VDD = 1.8 V, VSS = 0 V
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
ISINK (mA)
VOL (V)
Ta = −40°C
25°C
85°C
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
0 5 10 15 20 25
ISINK (mA)
VOL (V)
Ta = −40°C
25°C
85°C
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
02468
ISINK (mA)
V
OL (V)
Ta = −40°C
25°C
85°C
VDD = 1.2 V, VSS = 0 V
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
ISINK (mA)
VOL (V)
Ta = −40°C
25°C
85°C
(4) Transient response
4-1. Large signal transient response 4-2. Small signal transient response
VDD = VSS = 1.5 V, Gain = +5, CL = 15 pF
500 ns/div
VDD = VSS = 1.5 V, Gain = +5, CL = 15 pF
500 ns/div
IN
200 mV/div
IN
100mV/div
OUT
500mV/div
OUT
1 V/div
Dimensions
Taping Specifications Reel Specifications
Unit : mm
n SOT-23-6 MP006-A Rev.3.0 020320
No. MP006-A-P-SD-1.1
12.5max
.
9.0±0.3
ø13±0.2
(60°)
(60°)
3000 pcs/reel
Enlarged drawing
in the central part
No. MP006-A-R-SD-2.1
2.9±0.2
0.15
1.9±0.2
123
4
65
0.35±0.15
0.95
+0.1
-0.05
0.95
TF(T2)
Feed direction
123
456
ø1.5 +0.1
-0 2.0±0.05
4.0±0.1(10 pitches:40.0±0.2)
ø1.0 +0.2
-0 4.0±0.1 1.4±0.2
0.25±0.1
3.2±0.2
No. MP006-A-C-SD-3.1
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failure or malfunction of semiconductor products may occur. The user of these products should therefore
give thorough consideration to safety design, including redundancy, fire-prevention measures, and
malfunction prevention, to prevent any accidents, fires, or community damage that may ensue.