10-15
Definitions of Specifications
Digital Inputs
The HI-565A accepts digital input codes in binary f ormat and
may be user connected for any one of three binary codes.
Straight Binary, Two’s Complement (Note 1), or Offset
Binary, (See Operating Instructions).
Nonlinearity of a D/A conver ter is an impor tant measure of
its accuracy. It describes the deviation from an ideal straight
line transfer curve drawn between zero (all bits OFF) and full
scale (all bits ON) (End Point Method).
Differential Nonllnearlty for a D/A converter, it is the
difference between the actual output voltage change and the
ideal (1 LSB) voltage change for a one bit change in code. A
Diff erential Nonlinearity of ±1 LSB or less guarantees monoto-
nicity; i.e., the output alw ays increases for an increasing input.
Settling Time is the time required for the output to settle to
within the specified error band for any input code transition.
It is usually specified for a full scale or major carry transition,
settling to within ±0.5 LSB of final value.
Gain Drift is the change in full scale analog output over the
specified temperature range, expressed in parts per million
of full scale range per oC (ppm of FSR/oC). Gain error is
measured with respect to 25oC at high (TH) and low (TL)
temperatures. Gain drift is calculated for both high (TH
-25oC) and low ranges (25oC -TL) by dividing the gain error
by the respectiv e change in temper ature. The specification is
the larger of the two representing worst-case drift.
Offset Drift is the change in analog output with all bits OFF
over the specified temperature range expressed in parts per
million of full scale range per oC (ppm of FSR/oC). Offset
error is measured with respect to 25oC at high (TH) and low
(TL) temperatures. Offset Drift is calculated for both high (TH
-25oC) and low (25oC -TL) ranges by dividing the offset error
by the respective change in temperature. The specification
given is the larger of the tw o, representing worst-case drift.
Power Supply Sensitivity is a measure of the change in
gain and offset of the D/A converter resulting from a change
in -15V or +15V supplies. It is specified under DC conditions
and expressed as parts per million of full scale range per
percent of change in power supply (ppm of FSR/%).
Compliance Voltage is the maximum output voltage range
that can be tolerated and still maintain its specified accuracy.
Compliance Limit implies functional operation only, and
makes no claims to accuracy.
Glitch a glitch on the output of a D/A converter is a transient
spike resulting from unequal internal ON-OFF switching
times. Worst case glitches usually occur at half-scale or the
major carry code transition from 011...1 to 100...0 or vice
versa. For example, if turn ON is greater than turn OFF for
011...1 to 100...0, an intermediate state of 000...0 exists,
such that, the output momentarily glitches toward zero out-
put. Matched switching times and fast switching will reduce
glitches considerably.
Detailed Description
Op Amp Selection
The Hl-565As current output may be converted to voltage
using the standard connections shown in Figures 1 and 2.
The choice of operational amplifier should be reviewed for
each application, since a significant trade-off may be made
between speed and accuracy.
For highest precision, use an HA-5130. This amplifier
contributes negligible error, but requires about 11µs to settle
within ±0.1% following a 10V step.
The Harris Semiconductor HA-2600 is the best all-around
choice for this application, and it settles in 1.5µs (also to
±0.1% f ollo wing a 10V step). Remember, settling time f or the
DAC amplifier combination is the square root of tD2 plus tA2,
where tD, tA are settling times for the DAC and amplifier.
No-Trim Operation
The Hl-565A will perform as specified without calibration
adjustments. To operate without calibration, substitute 50Ω
resistors for the 100Ω trimming potentiometers: In Figure 1
replace R2 with 50Ω also remove the network on pin 8 and
connect 50Ω to ground. For bipolar operation in Figure 2,
replace R3 and R4 with 50Ω resistors.
With these changes, performance is guaranteed as shown
under Specifications, “External Adjustments”. Typical unipolar
zero will be ±0.5 LSB plus the op amp offset.
The feedback capacitor, C, must be selected to minimize
settling time.
Calibration
Calibration provides the maximum accuracy from a
conver ter by adjusting its gain and offset errors to zero. For
the Hl-565A, these adjustments are similar whether the
current output is used, or whether an external op amp is
added to convert this current to a voltage. Refer to Table 2
for the voltage output case, along with Figure 1 or Figure 2.
Calibration is a two step process for each of the five output
ranges shown in Table 2. First adjust the negative full scale
(zero for unipolar ranges). This is an offset adjust which
translates the output characteristic, i.e ., affects each code by
the same amount.
Ne xt adjust positive FS. This is a gain error adjustment, which
rotates the output characteristic about the negative FS value.
TABLE 1.
DIGITAL
INPUT
ANALOG OUTPUT
STRAIGHT
BINARY OFFSET
BINARY
(NOTE 1)
TWO'S
COMPLEMENT
MSB...LSB
000...000 Zero -FS
(Full Scale) Zero
100...000 1/2FS Zero -FS
111...111 +FS - 1 LSB +FS - 1 LSB Zero - 1 LSB
011...111 1/2FS - 1 LSB Zero - 1 LSB +FS - 1 LSB
NOTE:
1. Invert MSB with external inverter to obtain Two’ s Complement
Coding.
HI-565A