October 2011 Doc ID 10772 Rev 5 1/28
1
M41T00S
Serial real-time clock
Features
■2.0 to 5.5 V clock operating voltage
■Counters for seconds, minutes, hours, day,
date, month, year, and century
■Software clock calibration
■Automatic switchover and deselect circuitry
(fixed reference)
–V
CC = 2.7 to 5.5 V
2.5 V ≤ VPFD ≤ 2.7 V
■Serial interface supports I2C bus (400 kHz
protocol)
■Low operating current of 300 µA
■Oscillator stop detection
■Battery or SuperCapTM backup
■Operating temperature of –40 to 85 °C
■Ultra-low battery supply current of 0.6 µA
8
1
SO8
8-pin SOIC
www.st.com
Contents M41T00S
2/28 Doc ID 10772 Rev 5
Contents
1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.1 2-wire bus characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.1.1 Bus not busy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.1.2 Start data transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.1.3 Stop data transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.1.4 Data valid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.1.5 Acknowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.2 READ mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.3 WRITE mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.4 Data retention mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3 Clock operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.1 Clock registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.2 Calibrating the clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.2.1 Century bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.2.2 Oscillator fail detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.2.3 Output driver pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.2.4 Preferred initial power-on default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4 Maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
5 DC and AC parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
6 Package mechanical information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
7 Part numbering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
8 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
M41T00S List of tables
Doc ID 10772 Rev 5 3/28
List of tables
Table 1. Signal names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Table 2. TIMEKEEPER® register map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Table 3. Preferred default values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Table 4. Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Table 5. Operating and AC measurement conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Table 6. Capacitance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Table 7. DC characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Table 8. Crystal electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Table 9. Power down/up AC characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Table 10. Power down/up trip points DC characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Table 11. AC characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Table 12. SO8 – 8-lead plastic small outline (150 mils body width), package mechanical data. . . . . 23
Table 13. Carrier tape dimensions for SO8 (150 mils body width) package. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Table 14. Reel dimensions for 12 mm carrier tape - SO8 package (150 mils body width) . . . . . . . . . 25
Table 15. Ordering information scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Table 16. Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
List of figures M41T00S
4/28 Doc ID 10772 Rev 5
List of figures
Figure 1. Logic diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Figure 2. 8-pin SOIC connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Figure 3. Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Figure 4. Serial bus data transfer sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Figure 5. Acknowledgement sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Figure 6. Slave address location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Figure 7. READ mode sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Figure 8. Alternative READ mode sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Figure 9. WRITE mode sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Figure 10. Crystal accuracy across temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 11. Clock calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 12. AC measurement I/O waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 13. Power down/up mode AC waveforms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Figure 14. Bus timing requirements sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Figure 15. SO8 – 8-lead plastic small package outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 16. Carrier tape for SO8 (150 mils body width) package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Figure 17. Reel schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
M41T00S Description
Doc ID 10772 Rev 5 5/28
1 Description
The M41T00S is a low-power serial real-time clock (RTC) with a built-in 32.768 kHz
oscillator (external crystal controlled). Eight bytes of the SRAM (see Table 2 on page 13) are
used for the clock/calendar function and are configured in binary coded decimal (BCD)
format. Addresses and data are transferred serially via a two line, bidirectional I2C interface.
The built-in address register is incremented automatically after each WRITE or READ data
byte.
The M41T00S has a built-in power sense circuit which detects power failures and
automatically switches to the battery supply when a power failure occurs. The energy
needed to sustain the clock operations can be supplied by a small lithium button supply
when a power failure occurs. The eight clock address locations contain the century, year,
month, date, day, hour, minute, and second in 24-hour BCD format. Corrections for 28, 29
(leap year - valid until year 2100), 30 and 31 day months are made automatically.
The M41T00S is supplied in an 8-pin SOIC.
Figure 1. Logic diagram
Table 1. Signal names
XI Oscillator input
XO Oscillator output
FT/OUT Frequency test / output driver (open drain)
SDA Serial data input/output
SCL Serial clock input
VBAT Battery supply voltage
VCC Supply voltage
VSS Ground
SCL
VCC
M41T00S
VSS
SDA
FT/OUT
VBAT
XI
XO
AI09165
Description M41T00S
6/28 Doc ID 10772 Rev 5
Figure 2. 8-pin SOIC connections
1. Open drain output
Figure 3. Block diagram
1. Open drain output
2
3
45
6
8
7
1
FT/OUT(1)
SDA
VBAT SCL
VSS
XO
XI VCC
M41T00S
AI09166
REAL TIME CLOCK
CALENDAR
RTC &
CALIBRATION
FREQUENCY TEST
OSCILLATOR FAIL
CIRCUIT
OUTPUT DRIVER
FT/OUT(1)
INTERNAL
POWER
FT
OUT
SDA
SCL
VCC
COMPARE
I2C
INTERFACE
32KHz
OSCILLATOR
VBAT
CRYSTAL
VSO
VPFD
AI09168
WRITE
PROTECT
M41T00S Operation
Doc ID 10772 Rev 5 7/28
2 Operation
The M41T00S clock operates as a slave device on the serial bus. Access is obtained by
implementing a start condition followed by the correct slave address (D0h). The 8 bytes
contained in the device can then be accessed sequentially in the following order:
1. Seconds register
2. Minutes register
3. Century/hours register
4. Day register
5. Date register
6. Month register
7. Year register
8. Calibration register
The M41T00S clock continually monitors VCC for an out-of-tolerance condition. Should VCC
fall below VPFD, the device terminates an access in progress and resets the device address
counter. Inputs to the device will not be recognized at this time to prevent erroneous data
from being written to the device from a an out-of-tolerance system. Once VCC falls below the
switchover voltage (VSO), the device automatically switches over to the battery and powers
down into an ultra-low current mode of operation to preserve battery life. If VBAT is less than
VPFD, the device power is switched from VCC to VBAT when VCC drops below VBAT
. If VBAT is
greater than VPFD, the device power is switched from VCC to VBAT when VCC drops below
VPFD. Upon power-up, the device switches from battery to VCC at VSO. When VCC rises
above VPFD, it will recognize the inputs.
For more information on battery storage life refer to application note AN1012.
2.1 2-wire bus characteristics
The bus is intended for communication between different ICs. It consists of two lines: a
bidirectional data signal (SDA) and a clock signal (SCL). Both the SDA and SCL lines must
be connected to a positive supply voltage via a pull-up resistor.
The following protocol has been defined:
●Data transfer may be initiated only when the bus is not busy.
●During data transfer, the data line must remain stable whenever the clock line is high.
●Changes in the data line, while the clock line is high, will be interpreted as control
signals.
Accordingly, the following bus conditions have been defined:
2.1.1 Bus not busy
Both data and clock lines remain high.
2.1.2 Start data transfer
A change in the state of the data line, from high to low, while the clock is high, defines the
START condition.
Operation M41T00S
8/28 Doc ID 10772 Rev 5
2.1.3 Stop data transfer
A change in the state of the data line, from low to high, while the clock is high, defines the
STOP condition.
2.1.4 Data valid
The state of the data line represents valid data when after a start condition, the data line is
stable for the duration of the high period of the clock signal. The data on the line may be
changed during the low period of the clock signal. There is one clock pulse per bit of data.
Each data transfer is initiated with a start condition and terminated with a stop condition.
The number of data bytes transferred between the start and stop conditions is not limited.
The information is transmitted byte-wide and each receiver acknowledges with a ninth bit.
By definition a device that gives out a message is called “transmitter,” the receiving device
that gets the message is called “receiver.” The device that controls the message is called
“master.” The devices that are controlled by the master are called “slaves.”
2.1.5 Acknowledge
Each byte of eight bits is followed by one acknowledge bit. this acknowledge bit is a low level
put on the bus by the receiver whereas the master generates an extra acknowledge related
clock pulse. A slave receiver which is addressed is obliged to generate an acknowledge
after the reception of each byte that has been clocked out of the slave transmitter.
The device that acknowledges has to pull down the SDA line during the acknowledge clock
pulse in such a way that the SDA line is a stable low during the high period of the
acknowledge related clock pulse. Of course, setup and hold times must be taken into
account. A master receiver must signal an end of data to the slave transmitter by not
generating an acknowledge on the last byte that has been clocked out of the slave. In this
case the transmitter must leave the data line high to enable the master to generate the
STOP condition.
Figure 4. Serial bus data transfer sequence
AI00587
DATA
CLOCK
DATA LINE
STABLE
DATA VALID
START
CONDITION
CHANGE OF
DATA ALLOWED
STOP
CONDITION
M41T00S Operation
Doc ID 10772 Rev 5 9/28
Figure 5. Acknowledgement sequence
2.2 READ mode
In this mode the master reads the M41T00S slave after setting the slave address (see
Figure 7 on page 10). Following the WRITE mode control bit (R/W=0) and the acknowledge
bit, the word address 'An' is written to the on-chip address pointer. Next the START condition
and slave address are repeated followed by the READ mode control bit (R/W=1). At this
point the master transmitter becomes the master receiver. The data byte which was
addressed will be transmitted and the master receiver will send an acknowledge bit to the
slave transmitter. The address pointer is only incremented on reception of an acknowledge
clock. The M41T00S slave transmitter will now place the data byte at address An+1 on the
bus, the master receiver reads and acknowledges the new byte and the address pointer is
incremented to “An+2.”
This cycle of reading consecutive addresses will continue until the master receiver sends a
STOP condition to the slave transmitter.
The system-to-user transfer of clock data will be halted whenever the address being read is
a clock address (00h to 06h). The update will resume due to a stop condition or when the
pointer increments to any non-clock address (07h).
Note: This is true both in READ mode and WRITE mode.
An alternate READ mode may also be implemented whereby the master reads the
M41T00S slave without first writing to the (volatile) address pointer. The first address that is
read is the last one stored in the pointer (see Figure 8 on page 10).
Figure 6. Slave address location
AI00601
DATA OUTPUT
BY RECEIVER
DATA OUTPUT
BY TRANSMITTER
SCL FROM
MASTER
START
CLOCK PULSE FOR
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
12 89
MSB LSB
AI00602
R/W
SLAVE ADDRESS
START A
0100011
MSB
LSB
Operation M41T00S
10/28 Doc ID 10772 Rev 5
Figure 7. READ mode sequence
Figure 8. Alternative READ mode sequence
2.3 WRITE mode
In this mode the master transmitter transmits to the M41T00S slave receiver. Bus protocol is
shown in Figure 9. Following the START condition and slave address, a logic '0' (R/W=0) is
placed on the bus and indicates to the addressed device that word address “An” will follow
and is to be written to the on-chip address pointer. The data word to be written to the
memory is strobed in next and the internal address pointer is incremented to the next
address location on the reception of an acknowledge clock. The M41T00S slave receiver
will send an acknowledge clock to the master transmitter after it has received the slave
address see Figure 6 on page 9 and again after it has received the word address and each
data byte.
AI00899
BUS ACTIVITY:
ACK
S
ACK
ACK
ACK
NO ACK STOP
START
P
SDA LINE
BUS ACTIVITY:
MASTER
R/W
DATA n DATA n+1
DATA n+X
WORD
ADDRESS (An)
SLAVE
ADDRESS
S
START
R/W
SLAVE
ADDRESS
ACK
AI00895
BUS ACTIVITY:
ACK
S
ACK
ACK
ACK
NO ACK STOP
START
PSDA LINE
BUS ACTIVITY:
MASTER
R/W
DATA n DATA n+1 DATA n+X
SLAVE
ADDRESS
M41T00S Operation
Doc ID 10772 Rev 5 11/28
2.4 Data retention mode
With valid VCC applied, the M41T00S can be accessed as described above with READ or
WRITE cycles. Should the supply voltage decay, the power input will be switched from the
VCC pin to the battery when VCC falls below the battery backup switchover voltage (VSO). At
this time the clock registers will be maintained by the attached battery supply. On power-up,
when VCC returns to a nominal value, write protection continues for tREC.
For a further, more detailed review of lifetime calculations, please see Application Note
AN1012.
Figure 9. WRITE mode sequence
AI00591
BUS ACTIVITY:
ACK
S
ACK
ACK
ACK
ACK STOP
START
PSDA LINE
BUS ACTIVITY:
MASTER
R/W
DATA n DATA n+1 DATA n+X
WORD
ADDRESS (An)
SLAVE
ADDRESS
Clock operation M41T00S
12/28 Doc ID 10772 Rev 5
3 Clock operation
The 8-byte register map (see Ta b l e 2 ) is used to both set the clock and to read the date and
time from the clock, in a binary coded decimal format. Seconds, minutes, and hours are
contained within the first three registers.
Bits D6 and D7 of clock register 02h (century/hours register) contain the CENTURY
ENABLE bit (CEB) and the CENTURY bit (CB). Setting CEB to a '1' will cause CB to toggle,
either from '0' to '1' or from '1' to '0' at the turn of the century (depending upon its initial
state). If CEB is set to a '0,' CB will not toggle. Bits D0 through D2 of Register 03h contain
the Day (day of week). Registers 04h, 05h, and 06h contain the date (day of month), month
and years. The eighth clock register is the calibration register (this is described in the clock
calibration section). Bit D7 of register 00h contains the STOP bit (ST). Setting this bit to a '1'
will cause the oscillator to stop. If the device is expected to spend a significant amount of
time on the shelf, the oscillator may be stopped to reduce current drain. When reset to a '0'
the oscillator restarts within one second.
The seven clock registers may be read one byte at a time, or in a sequential block. The
calibration register (address location 07h) may be accessed independently. Provision has
been made to assure that a clock update does not occur while any of the seven clock
addresses are being read. If a clock address is being read, an update of the clock registers
will be halted. This will prevent a transition of data during the READ.
3.1 Clock registers
The M41T00S offers 8 internal registers which contain clock and calibration data. These
registers are memory locations which contain external (user accessible) and internal copies
of the data (usually referred to as BiPORT™ TIMEKEEPER cells). The external copies are
independent of internal functions except that they are updated periodically by the
simultaneous transfer of the incremented internal copy. The internal divider (or clock) chain
will be reset upon the completion of a WRITE to any clock address.
The system-to-user transfer of clock data will be halted whenever the address being read is
a clock address (00h to 06h). The update will resume either due to a stop condition or when
the pointer increments to any non-clock address (07h).
Clock registers store data in BCD. The calibration register stores data in binary format.
M41T00S Clock operation
Doc ID 10772 Rev 5 13/28
Table 2. TIMEKEEPER® register map
Keys:
0 = must be set to '0'
CB = century bit
CEB = century enable bit
FT = frequency test bit
OF = oscillator fail bit
OUT = output level
S = sign bit
ST = stop bit
3.2 Calibrating the clock
The M41T00S is driven by a quartz-controlled oscillator with a nominal frequency of 32,768
Hz. The devices are tested not exceed ±35 ppm (parts per million) oscillator frequency error
at 25oC, which equates to about ±1.53 minutes per month (see Figure 10 on page 15).
When the calibration circuit is properly employed, accuracy improves to better than ±2 ppm
at 25°C.
The oscillation rate of crystals changes with temperature. The M41T00S design employs
periodic counter correction. The calibration circuit adds or subtracts counts from the
oscillator divider circuit at the divide by 256 stage, as shown in Figure 11 on page 15. The
number of times pulses which are blanked (subtracted, negative calibration) or split (added,
positive calibration) depends upon the value loaded into the five calibration bits found in the
calibration register. Adding counts speeds the clock up, subtracting counts slows the clock
down.
The calibration bits occupy the five lower order bits (D4-D0) in the calibration register 07h.
These bits can be set to represent any value between 0 and 31 in binary form. Bit D5 is a
Sign bit; '1' indicates positive calibration, '0' indicates negative calibration. Calibration occurs
within a 64 minute cycle. The first 62 minutes in the cycle may, once per minute, have one
second either shortened by 128 or lengthened by 256 oscillator cycles. If a binary '1' is
loaded into the register, only the first 2 minutes in the 64 minute cycle will be modified; if a
binary 6 is loaded, the first 12 will be affected, and so on.
Addr
Function/range BCD format
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
00h ST 10 seconds Seconds Seconds 00-59
01h OF 10 minutes Minutes Minutes 00-59
02h CEB CB 10 hours Hours (24-hour format) Century/hours 0-1/00-23
03h00000 Day of week Day 01-7
04h 0 0 10 date Date: day of month Date 01-31
05h 0 0 0 10M Month Month 01-12
06h 10 years Year Year 00-99
07h OUT FT S Calibration Calibration
Clock operation M41T00S
14/28 Doc ID 10772 Rev 5
Therefore, each calibration step has the effect of adding 512 or subtracting 256 oscillator
cycles for every 125,829,120 actual oscillator cycles, that is +4.068 or –2.034 ppm of
adjustment per calibration step in the calibration register (see Figure 11 on page 15).
Assuming that the oscillator is running at exactly 32,768 Hz, each of the 31 increments in
the calibration byte would represent +10.7 or –5.35 seconds per month which corresponds
to a total range of +5.5 or –2.75 minutes per month.
Two methods are available for ascertaining how much calibration a given M41T00S may
require.
The first involves setting the clock, letting it run for a month and comparing it to a known
accurate reference and recording deviation over a fixed period of time. Calibration values,
including the number of seconds lost or gained in a given period, can be found in application
note AN934, “TIMEKEEPER® calibration.” This allows the designer to give the end user the
ability to calibrate the clock as the environment requires, even if the final product is
packaged in a non-user serviceable enclosure. The designer could provide a simple utility
that accesses the calibration byte.
The second approach is better suited to a manufacturing environment, and involves the use
of the FT/OUT pin. The pin will toggle at 512 Hz, when the Stop bit (ST, D7 of 00h) is '0,' and
the Frequency Test bit (FT, D6 of 07h) is '1.'
Any deviation from 512 Hz indicates the degree and direction of oscillator frequency shift at
the test temperature. For example, a reading of 512.010124 Hz would indicate a +20 ppm
oscillator frequency error, requiring a –10 (XX001010) to be loaded into the calibration byte
for correction. Note that setting or changing the calibration byte does not affect the
frequency test output frequency.
The FT/OUT pin is an open drain output which requires a pull-up resistor to VCC for proper
operation. A 500-10k resistor is recommended in order to control the rise time. The FT bit is
cleared on power-down.
M41T00S Clock operation
Doc ID 10772 Rev 5 15/28
Figure 10. Crystal accuracy across temperature
Figure 11. Clock calibration
3.2.1 Century bit
Bits D7 and D6 of clock register 02h contain the CENTURY ENABLE bit (CEB) and the
CENTURY bit (CB). Setting CEB to a '1' will cause CB to toggle, either from a '0' to '1' or
from '1' to '0' at the turn of the century (depending upon its initial state). If CEB is set to a '0,'
CB will not toggle.
3.2.2 Oscillator fail detection
If the Oscillator Fail bit (OF) is internally set to '1,' this indicates that the oscillator has either
stopped, or was stopped for some period of time and can be used to judge the validity of the
clock and date data.
AI07888
–160
0 10203040506070
Frequency (ppm)
Temperature °C
80–10–20–30–40
–100
–120
–140
–40
–60
–80
20
0
–20
= –0.036 ppm/°C2 ± 0.006 ppm/°C2
K
ΔF= K x (T – TO)2
F
TO = 25°C ± 5°C
AI00594B
NORMAL
POSITIVE
CALIBRATION
NEGATIVE
CALIBRATION
Clock operation M41T00S
16/28 Doc ID 10772 Rev 5
In the event the OF bit is found to be set to '1' at any time other than the initial power-up, the
STOP bit (ST) should be written to a '1,' then immediately reset to '0.' This will restart the
oscillator.
The following conditions can cause the OF bit to be set:
●The first time power is applied (defaults to a '1' on power-up).
●The voltage present on VCC is insufficient to support oscillation.
●The ST bit is set to '1.'
●External interference of the crystal.
The OF bit will remain set to '1' until written to logic '0.' The oscillator must start and have
run for at least 4 seconds before attempting to reset the OF Bit to '0.'
3.2.3 Output driver pin
When the FT bit is not set, the FT/OUT pin becomes an output driver that reflects the
contents of D7 of the calibration register. In other words, when D7 (OUT bit) and D6 (FT bit)
of address location 07h are a '0,' then the FT/OUT pin will be driven low.
Note: The FT/OUT pin is an open drain which requires an external pull-up resistor.
3.2.4 Preferred initial power-on default
Upon initial application of power to the device, the ST and FT bits are set to a '0' state, and
the OF and OUT bits will be set to a '1.' All other register bits will initially power-on in a
random state (see Ta bl e 3 ).
Table 3. Preferred default values
Condition ST Out FT OF
Initial power-up(1)
1. State of other control bits undefined.
0101
Subsequent power-up (with battery backup)(2)
2. UC = Unchanged
UC UC 0 UC
M41T00S Maximum ratings
Doc ID 10772 Rev 5 17/28
4 Maximum ratings
Stressing the device above the rating listed in the absolute maximum ratings table may
cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the
device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operating sections of
this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for
extended periods may affect device reliability.
Table 4. Absolute maximum ratings
Caution: Negative undershoots below –0.3 volts are not allowed on any pin while in the battery
backup mode
Sym Parameter Value Unit
TSTG Storage temperature (VCC off, oscillator off) –55 to 125 °C
VCC Supply voltage –0.3 to 7 V
TSLD(1)
1. Reflow at peak temperature of 260 °C (total thermal budget not to exceed 245 °C for greater than 30
seconds).
Lead solder temperature for 10 seconds 260 °C
VIO Input or output voltages –0.3 to VCC+0.3 V
IOOutput current 20 mA
PDPower dissipation 1 W
DC and AC parameters M41T00S
18/28 Doc ID 10772 Rev 5
5 DC and AC parameters
This section summarizes the operating and measurement conditions, as well as the DC and
AC characteristics of the device. The parameters in the following DC and AC Characteristic
tables are derived from tests performed under the Measurement Conditions listed in the
relevant tables. Designers should check that the operating conditions in their projects match
the measurement conditions when using the quoted parameters.
Table 5. Operating and AC measurement conditions
Note: Output Hi-Z is defined as the point where data is no longer driven.
Figure 12. AC measurement I/O waveform
Table 6. Capacitance
Parameter M41T00S
Supply voltage (VCC) 2.7 to 5.5 V
Ambient operating temperature (TA) –40 to 85 °C
Load capacitance (CL) 100 pF
Input rise and fall times ≤ 50 ns
Input pulse voltages 0.2VCC to 0.8VCC
Input and output timing ref. voltages 0.3VCC to 0.7VCC
Symbol Parameter(1)(2)
1. Effective capacitance measured with power supply at 5V; sampled only, not 100% tested.
2. At 25 °C, f = 1 MHz
Min Max Unit
CIN Input capacitance - 7 pF
COUT(3)
3. Outputs deselected.
Output capacitance - 10 pF
tLP Low-pass filter input time constant (SDA and SCL) - 50 ns
AI02568
0.8VCC
0.2VCC
0.7VCC
0.3VCC
M41T00S DC and AC parameters
Doc ID 10772 Rev 5 19/28
Table 7. DC characteristics
Table 8. Crystal electrical characteristics
Figure 13. Power down/up mode AC waveforms
Sym Parameter Test condition(1)
1. Valid for ambient operating temperature: TA = –40 to 85 °C; VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V (except where noted).
Min Typ Max Unit
ILI Input leakage current 0 V ≤ VIN ≤ VCC ±1 μA
ILO Output leakage current 0 V ≤ VOUT ≤ VCC ±1 μA
ICC1 Supply current Switch freq = 400 kHz 300 μA
ICC2 Supply current (standby)
SCL = 0 Hz
All Inputs
≥ VCC – 0.2 V
≤ VSS + 0.2 V
70 μA
VIL Input low voltage –0.3 0.3VCC V
VIH Input high voltage 0.7VCC VCC + 0.3 V
VOL
Output low voltage IOL = 3.0 mA 0.4 V
Output low voltage (open drain)(2)
2. For FT/OUT pin (open drain).
IOL = 10 mA 0.4 V
Pull-up supply voltage (open drain) FT/OUT 5.5 V
VBAT(3)
3. STMicroelectronics recommends the RAYOVAC BR1225 or BR1632 (or equivalent) as the battery supply.
Backup supply voltage 2.0 3.5(4)
4. For rechargeable backup, VBAT (max) may be considered to be VCC.
V
IBAT Battery supply current TA = 25 °C, VCC = 0 V
Oscillator ON, VBAT = 3 V 0.6 1 µA
Sym Parameter(1)(2)
1. Externally supplied if using the SO8 package. STMicroelectronics recommends the KDS DT-38: 1TA/1TC252E127, Tuning
Fork Type (thru-hole) or the DMX-26S: 1TJS125FH2A212, (SMD) quartz crystal for industrial temperature operations. KDS
can be contacted at kouhou@kdsj.co.jp or http://www.kdsj.co.jp for further information on this crystal type.
2. Load capacitors are integrated within the M41T00S. Circuit board layout considerations for the 32.768 kHz crystal of
minimum trace lengths and isolation from RF generating signals should be taken into account.
Min Typ Max Units
fOResonant frequency 32.768 kHz
RSSeries resistance 60(3)
3. For applications requiring backup supply operation below 2.5 V, RS (max) should be considered 40 kΩ.
kΩ
CLLoad capacitance 12.5 pF
AI00596
VCC
trec
tPD
VSO
SDA
SCL DON'T CARE
DC and AC parameters M41T00S
20/28 Doc ID 10772 Rev 5
Table 9. Power down/up AC characteristics
Table 10. Power down/up trip points DC characteristics
Figure 14. Bus timing requirements sequence
Symbol Parameter(1)(2)
1. VCC fall time should not exceed 5 mV/µs.
2. Valid for ambient operating temperature: TA = –40 to 85 °C; VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V (except where noted).
Min Typ Max Unit
tPD SCL and SDA at VIH before power-down 0 nS
trec SCL and SDA at VIH after power-up 10 µS
Sym Parameter(1)(2)
1. All voltages referenced to VSS.
2. Valid for ambient operating temperature: TA = –40 to 85 °C; VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V (except where noted).
Min Typ Max Unit
VPFD
Power-fail deselect 2.5 2.6 2.7 V
Hysteresis 25 mV
VSO
Battery backup switchover voltage
(VCC < VBAT; VCC < VPFD)
VBAT < VPFD VBAT V
VBAT > VPFD VPFD V
Hysteresis 40 mV
AI00589
SDA
P
tSU:STOtSU:STA
tHD:STA
SR
SCL
tSU:DAT
tF
tHD:DAT
tR
tHIGH
tLOW
tHD:STAtBUF
SP
M41T00S DC and AC parameters
Doc ID 10772 Rev 5 21/28
Table 11. AC characteristics
Sym Parameter(1)
1. Valid for ambient operating temperature: TA = –40 to 85 °C; VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V (except where noted).
Min Typ Max Units
fSCL SCL clock frequency 0 400 kHz
tLOW Clock low period 1.3 µs
tHIGH Clock high period 600 ns
tRSDA and SCL rise time 300 ns
tFSDA and SCL fall time 300 ns
tHD:STA
START condition hold time
(after this period the first clock pulse is generated) 600 ns
tSU:STA
START condition setup time
(only relevant for a repeated start condition) 600 ns
tSU:DAT(2)
2. Transmitter must internally provide a hold time to bridge the undefined region (300 ns max) of the falling
edge of SCL.
Data setup time 100 ns
tHD:DAT Data hold time 0 µs
tSU:STO STOP condition setup time 600 ns
tBUF
Time the bus must be free before a new
transmission can start 1.3 µs
Package mechanical information M41T00S
22/28 Doc ID 10772 Rev 5
6 Package mechanical information
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK®
specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com.
ECOPACK® is an ST trademark.
Figure 15. SO8 – 8-lead plastic small package outline
Note: Drawing is not to scale.
SO-A
E1
8
ccc
b
e
A
D
c
1
E
h x 45˚
A2
k
0.25 mm
L
L1
A1
GAUGE PLANE
M41T00S Package mechanical information
Doc ID 10772 Rev 5 23/28
Table 12. SO8 – 8-lead plastic small outline (150 mils body width), package mechanical data
Symb
mm inches
Typ Min Max Typ Min Max
A1.750.069
A1 0.10 0.25 0.004 0.010
A2 1.25 0.049
B 0.28 0.48 0.011 0.019
C 0.17 0.23 0.007 0.009
D 4.90 4.80 5.00 0.189 0.197
E 6.00 5.80 6.20 0.228 0.244
E1 3.90 3.80 4.00 0.150 0.157
e 1.27 0.050
h 0.25 0.50 0.010 0.020
L 0.40 1.27 0.016 0.050
L1 1.04 0.041
k 0°8° 0°8°
N8 8
ccc 0.10 0.004
Package mechanical information M41T00S
24/28 Doc ID 10772 Rev 5
Figure 16. Carrier tape for SO8 (150 mils body width) package
T
K0
P1
A0
B0
P2
P0
CENTER LINES
OF CAVITY
W
E
F
D
TOP COVER
TAPE
USER DIRECTION OF FEED
AM03073v1
Table 13. Carrier tape dimensions for SO8 (150 mils body width) package
Package W D E P0P2FA
0B0K0P1TUnit
Bulk
Qty
SO8 12.00
±0.30
1.50
+0.10/
–0.00
1.75
±0.10
4.00
±0.10
2.00
±0.10
5.50
±0.05
6.50
±0.10
5.30
±0.10
2.20
±0.10
8.00
±0.10
0.30
±0.05 mm 2500
M41T00S Package mechanical information
Doc ID 10772 Rev 5 25/28
Figure 17. Reel schematic
Note: The dimensions given in Ta b l e 1 4 incorporate tolerances that cover all variations on critical
parameters.
A
D
B
Full radius
Tape slot
In core for
Tape start
2.5mm min.width
G measured
At hub
C
N
40mm min.
Access hole
At slot location
T
AM04928v1
Table 14. Reel dimensions for 12 mm carrier tape - SO8 package (150 mils body width)
A
(max)
B
(min) CD
(min)
N
(min) GT
(max)
330 mm
(13-inch) 1.5 mm 13 mm
± 0.2 mm 20.2 mm 60 mm 12.4 mm
+ 2/–0 mm 18.4 mm
Part numbering M41T00S
26/28 Doc ID 10772 Rev 5
7 Part numbering
Table 15. Ordering information scheme
For other options, or for more information on any aspect of this device, please contact the ST sales office nearest
you.
Example: M41T 00S M 6 F
Device type
M41T
Supply voltage and write protect voltage
00S = VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V
Package
M = SO8
Temperature range
6 = –40 °C to 85 °C
Shipping method
E = ECOPACK® package, tubes(1)
1. Not recommended for new design. Contact local ST sales office for availability.
F = ECOPACK® package, tape & reel
M41T00S Revision history
Doc ID 10772 Rev 5 27/28
8 Revision history
Table 16. Document revision history
Date Revision Changes
10-Feb- 2004 0.1 First draft
20-Feb-2004 0.2 Update characteristics (Ta b l e 9 , 10, 5, 7, 15)
14-Apr-2004 1.0 Product promoted; reformatted; update characteristics, including
Lead-free package information (Figure 4, 10; Ta b l e 4 , 11, 15)
05-May-2004 1.1 Update DC characteristics (Ta b l e 7 )
16-Jun-2004 1.2 Added package shipping (Ta b l e 1 5 )
13-Sep-2004 2.0 Update maximum ratings (Ta b l e 4 )
26-Nov-2004 3.0 Promote document; update characteristics; remove references to
SOX18 package (cover page, Figure 4; Ta b l e 1 6 )
14-May-2008 4 Reformatted document; updated Section 6, Figure 1, 15, Ta bl e 1 , 4,
12, 15.
17-Oct-2011 5
Updated title, Features, ECOPACK® text in Section 6: Package
mechanical information; added Figure 16, 17, Ta bl e 1 3 , 14; added
footnote 1 to Table 15: Ordering information scheme; minor textual
updates
M41T00S
28/28 Doc ID 10772 Rev 5
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