MXH1100 Humidity and Temperature Sensor IC 1. FEATURES Relative Humidity and Temperature Sensor with fully calibrated and temperature compensated. Various selectable outputs. 2 - I C interface & digital output - PWM output (Humidity / Temperature Selectable) - PDM output (Humidity / Temperature Selectable) - Analog output (Humidity) Excellent Long term stability. Summary MXH1100 is a humidity and temperature sensor of Magnachip semiconductor (MX) with 2 various output formats. It provides calibrated, linearized signals in digital format, I C, Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) format, Pulse Density Modulated (PDM) format, and in analog format. Its sensors are individually calibrated and tested. The resolution of MXH1100 can be changed by command (8/12bit up to 12/14bit for RH/T). Every sensor is individually calibrated and tested. Lot identification is printed on the sensor. 2. BLOCK DIAGRAM VCC LDO TEMPERATURE SENSOR HUMIDITY SENSOR SEL[1] SEL[0] OSC ADC C1 SCL DSP CONTROL LOGIC I2C I/F NVM DAC OUTPUT DRIVER VSS SDA HTOUT [Figure 1] block diagram MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 1 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015 MXH1100 3. PIN CONFIGURATION C1 1 10 VSS VSS 2 9 SEL[1] HTOUT 3 8 SEL[0] VCC 4 7 SCL NC 5 6 SDA [Figure 2] Pin Assignment ( Through View ) : DFN-10 3.6x2.8 3.1. PIN DESCRIPTION Name Pin# Type Description C1 1 I/O Capacitor connection Pin for Regulated Voltage. Recommended capacitance is 1uF/6.3V. VSS 2 G Ground HTOUT 3 O Humidity Voltage Output VCC 4 P VCC Power Supply NC 5 NC No connection I/O I C mode : serial data signal PWM/PDM mode : PWM/PDM Output Analog mode : VCC or VSS level connection I C mode : serial data signal PWM/PDM mode : Humidity/Temperature Selection Analog mode : VCC level connection 2 SDA 6 2 SCL 7 I/O SEL[0] 8 I Mode Selection SEL[1] 9 I Mode Selection VSS 10 G Ground EP Exposed Pad. EP is electrically connected to GND. [Table 1] Pin description table MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 2 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015 MXH1100 3.2. Package Description [Figure 3] MXH1100 Sensor package [Table 2] Package dimension table MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 3 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015 MXH1100 4. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS 4.1. Absolute Maximum Ratings The absolute maximum ratings as given in Table 3 are stress ratings only and give additional information. Functional operation of the device at these conditions is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect the device reliability (e.g. hot carrier degradation, oxide breakdown). SYMBOL VCC VLOGIC VANALOG IIN TSTG TOP PARAMETER Power Supply Digital I/O Pins (SDA, SCL, SEL[1:0] ) Analog output pins (HTOUT) Input Current on any Pin Storage temperature Operation temperature MIN -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -100 -55 -40 MAX 6 VCC + 0.3 VCC + 0.3 100 150 125 UNIT V V V mA C C [Table 3] Absolute maximum ratings 4.2. ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION The electrical characteristics such as power consumption, low and high level input and output voltages depend on the supply voltage. For proper communication with the sensor it is essential to make sure that signal design is strictly within the limits given in Table 4 & 5 and Figure 4. Parameter Supply voltage Current dissipation PWM Freq. Measure Freq. Driving Load Communication Condition min 4.5 typ 5.0 65 270 68 300 120 2 VCC Sleep Measuring, SEL[1:0]=11 Average 8bit, SEL[1:0]=11 HTOUT enable, SEL[1:0]=00 SEL[1:0]=01 SEL[1:0]=00,01 HTOUT, Capacitive Load 1K HTOUT, Resistive Load Digital 2-wire interface, I2C, SEL[1:0] max 5.25 units V uA uA uA uA Hz Hz 10 - uF [Table 4] DC characteristics of digital input/output pads. VCC = 5V, T = 25C, unless otherwise noted. MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 4 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015 MXH1100 Parameter Output low voltage, VOL Output High Voltage, VOH Input Low Voltage, VIL Input High Voltage, VIH SCL frequency, fSCL SCL High Time, tSCLH SCL Low Time, tSCLL SDA Set-Up Time, tSU SDA Hold Time, tHD SDA Valid Time, tVD SCL/SDA Fall Time, tF SCL/SDA Rise Time, tR Capacitive Load on Bus Line Condition min 0 VCC X 0.7 0 VCC X 0.7 0 0.6 1.3 100 0 0 0 0 0 typ - max 0.4 VCC VCC X 0.3 VCC 0.4 900 400 100 300 400 units V V V V MHz s s ns ns ns ns ns pF [Table 5] Timing specifications of digital input/output pads for I2C fast mode. Entities are displayed in Figure 4. VCC = 5V, T = 25C, unless otherwise noted. 1/fSCL tSCLH 70% SCL 30% tSCLL tR 70% 70% 30% tF 70% 30% 30% SDA valid write tSU DATA IN tHD 70% 70% 30% 30% SDA SDA valid read tVD tR tF DATA OUT SDA [Figure 4] Timing Diagram for Digital Input / Output Pads, abbreviations are explained in Table 5. SDA directions are seen from the sensor. Bold SDA line is controlled by the sensor, plain SDA line is controlled by the micro-controller. Note that SDA valid read time is triggered by falling edge of anterior toggle. MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 5 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015 MXH1100 5. SENSOR PERFORMANCE MXH1100 is a relative humidity sensor and temperature sensor with band gap circuit, it contains oscillator, A/D convertor, regulator, D/A convertor, NVM, digital processing unit and calibration circuit. 5.1. Relative Humidity Sensor Parameter Condition Resolution1 12 bit 0.04 %RH 8 bit 0.7 %RH typ 2.0 %RH 12 bit 0.1 %RH Accuracy tolerance 2 Repeatability min typ Hysteresis max 1 Response time3 extended4 Operating Range 0 Long Term Drift5 0.5 units %RH 10 sec 100 %RH %RH/yr 1. Default resolution is 14bit (temperature) / 12bit (humidity). It can be reduced to 12/8bit, 11/11bit or 13/10bit by command. 2. Accuracies are tested at Outgoing Quality Control at 25C and 5.0V. Values exclude hysteresis and long term drift and are applicable to non-condensing environments only. 3. Time for achieving 63% of a step function, valid at 25C and 1m/s airflow. 4. Normal operating range: 0-80%RH, beyond this limit sensor may read a reversible offset with slow kinetics (+3%RH after 60h at humidity >80%RH). 5. Value may be higher in environments with vaporized solvents, out-gassing tapes, adhesives, packaging materials, etc. For more details please refer to Handling Instructions. RH(%RH) 10 Maximal tolerance Typical tolerance 8 6 4 2 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Relative Humidity (%RH) [Figure 5] Typical and maximal tolerance at 25C for relative humidity. MXH1100 is a relative humidity sensor and temperature sensor with band gap circuit, it contains oscillator, A/D convertor, regulator, D/A convertor, NVM, digital processing unit and calibration circuit. MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 6 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015 MXH1100 5.2. Temperature Sensor Parameter Resolution Condition 1 min typ max units 14 bit 0.01 C 12 bit 0.04 C Accuracy tolerance 14 bit 0.3 C Repeatability 12 bit 0.1 Response time2 extended3 Operating Range -40 Long Term Drift C 30(TBD) sec 125 C 0.05 C/yr 1. Default resolution is 14bit (temperature) / 12bit (humidity). It can be reduced to 12/8bit, 11/11bit or 13/10bit by command. 2. Response time depends on heat conductivity of sensor substrate. 3. Normal operating range : -30 ~ +85C, exposure to beyond this normal operating range for extended periods may affect the device reliability. T( ) 2.0 Maximal tolerance Typical tolerance 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Temperature ( ) [Figure 6] Typical and maximal tolerance. MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 7 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015 MXH1100 5.3. Operating Range The standard working range with regard to the humidity / temperature limits is shown by the dark gray area in Figure 7. The relative humidity signal may offset temporarily as a result of continuous exposure to conditions outside the dark gray region, especially at humidity > 80% RH. If the sensor is brought back to the standard working range, the initial values will recover. Applications with high humidity at high temperatures will result in slower recovery. Reconditioning procedures (see 9.4) can accelerate this process. Although the sensors would not fail beyond working range limits, the specification is guaranteed within the normal working range only. [Figure 7] Operating range - dark gray: standard working range, gray: normal working range, light gray: beyond normal working range, and white: not possible due to the technical definition of relative humidity above ice. MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 8 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015 MXH1100 6. INTERFACE 6.1. Power Pins ( VCC, VSS ) The recommended supply voltage of MXH1100 is 5.0V. Supply Voltage (VCC) and Ground (VSS) must be decoupled with a 100nF capacitor, which placed as close as possible to the sensor. 6.2. Serial clock, SCL SCL is used to synchronize the communication between microcontroller (MCU) and the sensor. Since the interface consists of fully static logic there is no minimum SCL frequency. 6.3. Serial data & Bit stream, SDA The SDA port is used as two purposes according to the SEL[1:0] pin setting. The first is as I2C interface data port and the second is usage as PWM/PDM output port. On SDA the sensor is providing PWM/PDM output. The signal is carrying humidity or temperature data depending on SEL[1:0] setting. When MXH1100 is used at I2C interface mode, the SDA pin is used to transfer data in and out of the sensor. For sending a command to the sensor, SDA is valid on the rising edge of SCL and must remain stable while SCL is high. After the falling edge of SCL the SDA value may be changed. For safe communication SDA shall be valid tSU and tHD before the rising and after the falling edge of SCL, respectively - see Figure 4. For reading data from the sensor, SDA is valid tVD after SCL has gone low and remains valid until the next falling edge of SCL. To avoid signal contention the micro-controller unit (MCU) must only drive SDA and SCL low. External pull-up resistors (e.g. 10k), are required to pull the signal high. For the choice of resistor size please take bus capacity requirements into account (compare Table 5). It should be noted that pull-up resistors may be included in I/O circuits of MCUs. See Table 4 and Table 5 for detailed I/O characteristic of the sensor. SEL[1:0] 00 01 01 10 10 11 LOGIC SCL SDA 1 0 or 1 0 PWM -T 1 PWM - RH 0 PDM - T 1 PDM - RH 2 Controlled by I C ANALOG HTOUT RH NA NA NA NA NA [Table 6] SEL[1:0] pin setting condition table. The SDA and SCL pins are set as `L' or `H' when the analog output ports are used. The SCL pin has to be fixed as `L' or `H' under PWM/PDM mode and leave the analog output ports, HTOUT as floating. MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 9 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015 MXH1100 6.4. Startup sensor As a first step, the sensor is powered up to the chosen supply voltage VCC (typical 5.0V). After power-up, the sensor needs at most 10ms, while SCL is high, for reaching idle state, i.e. to be ready accepting commands from the master (MCU) or the sensor starts measuring and providing data on PWM bit-stream. If MXH1100 is under ANALOG mode, analog voltage output will provide the data on analog mode. Whenever the sensor is powered up, but not performing a measurement or communicating, it is automatically in idle state (sleep mode). 7. COMMUNICATION BY I2C PROTOCOL WITH SENSOR 7.1. Start / Stop Sequence on I2C I2C communication can be initiated by sending a START condition from the master, a high-to-low transition on the SDA line while the SCL is high. A Stop condition, a low-to-high transition on the SDA line while the SCL input is high, is sent by the master (see Figure ). SDA SCL Start condition Stop condition [Figure 9] Definition of I2C Start and Stop Conditions. 7.2. Sending a Command 2 2 After sending the Start condition, the subsequent I C header consists of the 7-bit I C device address `1000000' and an SDA direction bit (Read R: `1', Write W: `0'). The sensor indicates the th proper reception of a byte by pulling the SDA pin low (ACK bit) after the falling edge of the 8 SCL clock. After the issue of a measurement command (`11100011' for temperature, `11100101' for relative humidity), the MCU must wait for the measurement to complete. The basic commands are summarized in Table 7. MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 10 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015 MXH1100 Command Comment Code Trigger T measurement Trigger RH measurement hold master hold master 11100011 11100101 Trigger T measurement Trigger RH measurement no hold master no hold master 11110011 11110101 Write user register Read user register 11100110 11100111 Soft reset 11111110 [Table 7] Basic command set, RH stands for relative humidity, and T stands for temperature. 7.3. Hold / No Hold Master Mode There are two different operation modes to communicate with the sensor: Hold Master mode or No Hold Master mode. In the first case the SCL line is blocked (controlled by sensor) during measurement process while in the latter case the SCL line remains open for other communication while the sensor is processing the measurement. 2 No hold master mode allows for processing other I C communication tasks on a bus while the sensor is measuring. A communication sequence of the two modes is displayed in Figure 10 and Figure 11, respectively. In the hold master mode, the MXH1100 pulls down the SCL line while measuring to force the master into a wait state. By releasing the SCL line the sensor indicates that internal processing is terminated and that transmission may be continued. [Figure 10] Hold master communication sequence - grey blocks are controlled by MXH1100. Bit 45 may be changed to NACK followed by Stop condition (P) to omit checksum transmission. MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 11 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015 MXH1100 2 1 0 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 I2C 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 1 1 address + write 1 1 0 1 0 1 ACK S 1 ACK In no hold master mode, the MCU has to poll for the termination of the internal processing of the 2 sensor. This is done by sending a Start condition followed by the I C header (10000001) as shown in Figure 11. If the internal processing is finished, the sensor acknowledges the poll of the MCU and data can be read by the MCU. If the measurement processing is not finished the sensor answers no ACK bit and the Start condition must be issued once more. For both modes, since the maximum resolution of a measurement is 14 bit, the two last least significant bits (LSBs, bits 43 and 44) are used for transmitting status information. Bit 1 of the two LSBs indicates the measurement type (`0':temperature, `1':humidity). Bit 0 is currently not assigned. Command (see table 7) measurement S 1 0 measuring 0 0 0 0 0 1 NACK 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 I2C address + read measurement S 1 0 continue measuring 0 I2C 0 0 0 0 1 ACK 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 address + read 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 Data (MSB) 0 1 0 Data (LSB) 0 1 0 ACK 0 ACK 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Stat. 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 NACK 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 P checksum [Figure 11] No Hold master communication sequence - grey blocks are controlled by MXH1100. If measurement is not completed upon "read" command, sensor does not provide ACK on bit 27 (more of these iterations are possible). If bit 45 is changed to NACK followed by Stop condition (P) checksum transmission is omitted. In the examples given in Figure 10 and Figure 11 the sensor output is DRH = `0110'0011'0101'0000'. For the calculation of physical values Status Bits must be set to `0' - see Chapter 6. The maximum duration for measurements depends on the type of measurement and resolution chosen - values are displayed in Table 8. Maximum values shall be chosen for the communication planning of the MCU. Resolution 14 bit 13 bit 12 Bit 11 bit 10 bit 8 bit RH (typ) 38 22 22 9 T (typ) 34 17 17 9 units ms ms ms ms ms ms [Table 8] Measurement times for RH and T measurements at different resolutions MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 12 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015 MXH1100 Please note : I2C communication allows for repeated Start conditions (S) without closing prior sequence with Stop condition (P) - compare Figures 10, 11 and 13. Still, any sequence with adjacent Start condition may alternatively be closed with a Stop condition. 7.4. Soft Reset This command (see Table 7) is used for rebooting the sensor system without switching the power off and on again. Upon reception of this command, the sensor system reinitializes and starts operation according to the default settings - with the exception of the heater bit in the user register (see Sect. 7.5). The soft reset takes less than 15ms. [Figure 12] Soft Reset - grey blocks are controlled by MXH1100. 7.5. User Register The content of User Register is described in Table 9. Please note that reserved bits must not be changed and default values of respective reserved bits may change over time without prior notice. Therefore, for any writing to the User Register, default values of reserved bits must be read first. Thereafter, the full User Register string is composed of respective default values of reserved bits and the remainder of accessible bits optionally with default or non-default values. OTP Reload is a safety feature and loads the entire OTP settings to the register before every measurement. This feature is disabled per default and is not recommended for use. Please use Soft Reset instead - it contains OTP Reload. bit #bits Description / coding default 7,0 2 Measurement resolution 00 RH Temp 00 12 bit 14 bit 01 8 bit 12 bit 10 10 bit 13 bit 11 11 bit 11 bit 6,5,4,3 4 Reserved 0111 2 1 Reserved 0 1 1 Disable OTP reload 1 [Table 9] User Register. Reserved bits must not be changed. "OTP reload" = `0' loads default settings after each time a measurement command is issued. MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 13 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015 MXH1100 An example for I2C communication reading and writing the User Register is given in Figure 13. [Figure 13] Read and write register sequence - grey blocks are controlled by MXH1100. In this example, the resolution is set to 8bit / 12bit. 7.6. CRC Checksum The MXH1100 provides a CRC-8 checksum for error detection. 8 5 4 The polynomial used is x + x + x +1. MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 14 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015 MXH1100 7.7. Conversion of Signal Output Default resolution is set to 12 bit relative humidity and 14 bit temperature reading. Measured data are transferred in two byte packages, i.e. in frames of 8 bit length where the most significant bit (MSB) is transferred first (left aligned). Each byte is followed by an acknowledge bit. The two status bits, the last bits of LSB, must be set to `0' before calculating physical values. In the example of Figure 10 and Figure 11, the transferred 16 bit relative humidity data is `0110001101010000' = 25424. 7.7.1. Relative Humidity Conversion With the relative humidity data output DRH the relative humidity RH is obtained by the following formula (result in %RH), no matter which resolution is chosen: RH = -6 + 125 216 In the example given in Figure 10 and Figure 11 the relative humidity results to be 42.5%RH. RH = -6 + 125 25424 = 42.492 42.5 65536 The physical value RH given above corresponds to the relative humidity above liquid water according to World Meteorological Organization (WMO). For relative humidity above ice RHi the values need to be transformed from relative humidity above water RHw at temperature t. The equation is given in the following, compare also Application Note "Introduction to Humidity": . t . t = . exp ( ) / exp ( ) + + Units are %RH for relative humidity and C for temperature. The corresponding coefficients are defined as follows: w = 17.62, w = 243.12C, i = 22.46, i =272.62C. 7.7.2. Temperature Conversion The temperature T is calculated by inserting temperature data output DT into the following formula (result in C), no matter which resolution is chosen: T = -46.85 + 175.72 MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 15 216 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015 MXH1100 8. STAND-ALONE RELATIVE HUMIDITY OUTPUT 8.1. Analog Output MXH1100 support direct analog output of relative humidity. By setting SEL[1:0] as `00', Analog output is selected. SCL level setting `1' for humidity output mode is possible. The sensor measures twice per second. Output resolution of RH is set to 10bit. 8.1.1. Conversion of Signal Output The sensor reading is linear and hence it can be converted to a physical value by an easy linear equation. With the relative humidity signal output the relative humidity RH is obtained by the following formula (result in %RH): (mV) = 26.23 (%) + 1032 RH(%) = 1 (-1032 + ()) 26.23 The physical value RH given above corresponds to the relative humidity above liquid water according to World Meteorological Organization (WMO). MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 16 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015 MXH1100 8.2. PWM output PWM signal runs on a base frequency of 120Hz, the data signal is provided on SDA line. By setting SEL[1:0] as `01', the PWM output mode is selected. SCL level setting `1' for humidity and `0' for temperature output mode is possible. The sensor measures twice per second. Output resolution of RH and Temperature are set to 10bit and 12 bit each. 8.2.1. PWM Specification Pulse Width Modulation runs on a constant frequency and the measured information is provided as duty cycle on that frequency - see Figure 14. tF tPW VDD SDA 0V [Figure 14] PWM signal. Base frequency runs constantly at approximately 120 Hz. hence tF is about 8.3ms. The signal is provided on tPW as a ratio of tF. The measured data - either humidity or temperature - is provided as ratio of tPW and tF. tPW shall always be given as ratio of tF to make it independent of variations of the base frequency. 8.2.2. Conversion of Signal Output The sensor reading is linear and hence it can be converted to a physical value by an easy linear equation. With the relative humidity signal output the relative humidity RH is obtained by the following formula (result in %RH): RH = -6 + 125 The physical value RH given above corresponds to the relative humidity above liquid water according to World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The temperature T is calculated by inserting the ratio of tPW and tF into the following formula (result in C): T = -46.85 + 175.72 MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 17 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015 MXH1100 8.3. PDM output PDM signal is a pulse sequence that with a low pass filter may be converted into analog voltage output. The data signal is provided on SDA line. By setting SEL[1:0] as `10', the PDM output mode is selected. Humidity and temperature output mode is selected by SCL level. The sensor measures twice per second. Output resolution of RH and Temperature are set to 10bit and 12 bit each. 8.3.1. PDM output Pulse Density Modulation is a bit-stream of pulses; the more high pulses the higher the value in the full measurement range - see Figure 15. VDD X~ 10% SDA 0V VDD X~ 50% SDA 0V VDD X~ 90% SDA 0V [Figure 15] Schematic principle of PDM signal. X represents either RH or T at different levels of sensor output. 8.3.2. Converting PDM to Analog Signal A PDM signal normally is converted to an analog voltage signal by the addition of a low-pass filter. Figure 16 displays a typical circuit where a simple RC-filter is used. RLF SDA VSO CLF VSS [Figure 16] Typical circuit with low pass filter for analog output. For an acceptable small ripple of the analog voltage signal, a cut-off frequency of 3.4Hz is recommended. Typical values for the low pass filter components are R = 100k and C = 470nF for humidity mode. The corresponding ripple of the signal is limited to maximal amplitude of 1mV for humidity mode. If larger deviations are acceptable the capacitor size can be reduced. After the low pass filter the sensor provides an output Voltage VSO which as a portion of VDD then is converted into a physical value. The sensor reading is linearized and hence it can be converted to a physical value by an easy linear equation. MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 18 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015 MXH1100 With the relative humidity signal output the relative humidity RH is obtained by the following formula (result in %RH): RH = -6 + 125 The temperature T is calculated by inserting temperature signal output ST into the following formula (result in C): T = -46.85 + 175.72 9. APPLICATIONS 9.1. Storage instruction Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) is 1, according to IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020. At the same time, it is recommended to further process the sensors within 1 year after date of delivery. It is of great importance to understand that a humidity sensor is not a normal electronic component and needs to be handled with care. Chemical vapors at high concentration in combination with long exposure times may offset the sensor reading. For this reason it is recommended to store the sensors in original packaging including the sealed ESD bag at following conditions: Temperature shall be in the range of 10C - 50C and humidity at 20 - 60%RH (sensors that are not stored in ESD bags). 9.2. Soldering instructions For soldering, a lead-free, air-, and nitrogen-reflow-solderable no-clean type 3 solder paste, which meets the requirements of the RoHS Directive 2002/95/EC Art. 4, as well as the standards by JSTD-004, is recommended. Figure 17 shows the typical soldering profile for the soldering paste. The standard reflow soldering ovens may be used which profile given in JEDEC J-STD-020D for Pb -free soldering with a peak temperature of 260C and a time in the critical zone above (Tpeak - 5C) of up to 30 seconds. [Figure 17] Typical Lead-free Reflow profile. MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 19 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015 MXH1100 9.3. Post reflow treatment We strongly recommend high humidity storage of the boards including the sensor packages after reflow soldering. 8 hours at 705C,755%RH or 24 hours at 8010%RH (room temperature) is advisable. Calibration or testing should be done after a short further rest (>1 hour) at room conditions. 9.4. Handling information The critical area for the sensor package is within the open window which contains the active area. It has to be ensured that this area does not come into contact with a handling tool or any other sharp surfaces; any contamination also has to be avoided. During the whole transportation process it should be avoided to expose the sensor to high concentrations of chemical solvents for longer time periods. Otherwise the "Reconditioning procedure (9.5)" must be followed. 9.5. Reconditioning Procedure After exposure to extreme conditions or chemical solvents or storage time of several months, the sensor characteristic curve may offset. Exposure to higher temperature will reset the contamination offset (reflow soldering process or e.g. 110C, 5-7h). When the parts come back to room temperature a humidity exposure to 705C,755% RH for 8 hours completes the reconditioning process. 9.6. Temperature Effects Relative humidity is strongly depends on temperature. Therefore, it is essential to keep humidity sensors at the same temperature as the air of which the relative humidity is to be measured. In case of testing or qualification the reference sensor and test sensor must show equal temperature to allow for comparing humidity readings. If the sensor shares a PCB with electronic components that produce heat it should be mounted in a way that prevents heat transfer or keeps it as low as possible. Furthermore, there are self-heating effects in case the measurement frequency is too high. To keep self-heating below 0.1C, MXH1100 should not be active for more than 10% of the time - e.g. maximum two measurements per second at 12bit accuracy shall be made. 9.7. Light The MXH1100 is not light sensitive but direct exposure to sunshine or strong UV radiation may age MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 20 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015 MXH1100 the sensor. 9.8. Forbidden packaging materials Significant concentrations of chemical vapors and long exposure times can influence the characteristic of the sensor. Outgassing of certain packaging materials in a constant volume such as foams (e.g.: Type MOS 2200) glues, adhesive tapes and foils are strictly forbidden and may change the characteristic of the sensor. 9.9. Wiring and signal integrity 2 When this MXH1100 is used under I C mode, carrying the SCL and SDA signal parallel and in close proximity (e.g. in wires) for more than 10cm may result in cross talk and loss of communication. Furthermore, slowing down SCL frequency will possibly improve signal integrity. Under analog output modes, the output pin has to be protected from external noise source to get stable output. Power supply pins (VCC,VSS) must be decoupled with a 100nF capacitor. MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 21 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015 MXH1100 10. Document Revision History date 2013-12-06 R-page 3 11 12 2014-04-18 2014-06-19 2014-07-08 2014-07-29 2015-01-20 2015-03-18 2015-05-27 2015-08-06 MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 13 14 15 17 18 4 5 6 7 1 2,9,10 2 4 4 18 3 19 20 2 9 Revised contents Initial release() Package Drawing added Fixed to Typo : Figure 14,15 10,11 Fxied to Typo : Figure 16 11 Fxied to Typo : Figure 12, 13 10,11 Fxied to Typo : Figure 14,15,18 10,11,13 Fixed to Typo : Table 8 Table 9 Fixed to Typo : reserved bit default 0 0111 Deleted to contents of heater Fxied to Typo : Figure 18 13 Fxied to Typo : Figure 15,16 10,11 Fxied to Typo : Figure 19 14 Fxied to Typo : Figure 21 16 Update Table 3,4 Update Table 5 Update Figure 5 Update Figure 6 IC photograph added PDM Mode removed Pin Configuration update. Table 4 updated. Table 4 updated. PDM output added Package dimension updated. Soldering instruction added. Post reflow treatment updated. Table 1 updated. Table 6 updated. 22 Total page 22 Rev. No. 0.0 23 0.1 23 0.2 21 0.3 21 21 0.31 0.32 22 0.4 23 0.41 23 0.42 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015 MXH1100 NOTICE The followings should be noted when this LSI specification is used. 1. The information in this document is subject to change without notice for the purpose of product improvement and technical progress. So please make sure that the information in your specification is the latest. (However, after the Delivery Specification is provided officially, any changes to the specification will be made after discussion and agreement by both sides.) 2. The descriptions of circuits, software and other related information in this document are provided for illustrative purpose in semiconductor product operation and application examples. When you use this product, please design circuits and mount with consideration for external conditions. 3. The incorporation of these circuits, software and information in the design of customer's equipment shall be done under the full responsibility of customer. MAGNACHIP assumes no responsibility for any losses incurred by customers or third parties arising from the use of these circuits, software and information. 4. MAGNACHIP does not assume any liability for infringement of patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of third parties by or arising from the use of MAGNACHIP semiconductor products listed in this document or any other liability arising from the use of such products. No license expressed, implied or otherwise, is granted under any patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of MAGNACHIP and/or others. 5. Even though this product has an ESD protection circuit at every pin, please take any necessary countermeasures against any destruction from ESD with use of earth bands, conductive floors and etc. 6. If semiconductor is exposed to strong light, temporal error operation may happen. According to the environment, shield the semiconductor to avoid any error operation. 7. While MAGNACHIP endeavors to enhance the quality, reliability and safety of MAGNACHIP semiconductor products, our customers agree and acknowledge that the possibility of defects thereof cannot be eliminated entirely. To minimize risks of damage to property and/or injuries (including death) to persons arising from defects in MAGNACHIP semiconductor products, customers shall incorporate sufficient safety measures in their design, such as redundancy, fire-contaminate, and anti-features. 8. The product listed in this document is intended for usage in general electronics applications (Computers, personal equipment, office equipment, measuring equipment, industrial robotics, domestic appliances, etc.) This application is neither intended nor warranted for usage in equipment that requires extraordinarily high quality and /or reliability or malfunction or failure of which may cause loss of human life or bodily injury ("Unintended Usage"). Unintended Usage includes atomic energy control instruments, airplane or spaceship instruments, transportation instruments, traffic signal instruments, combustion control instruments, medical instruments, all types of safety devices, etc. Unintended Usage of MAGNACHIP products listed in this document shall be made at the customer's risk. 9. The some of the products listed in this document may be subject "the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Law." So if you would like to export the product or a part of the product overseas, under this law, you will be required to obtain export permits from the Japanese government. Please apply for the permits with your own responsibility. 10. No part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any forms or by any means without prior written consent of MAGNACHIP. MAGNACHIP assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document. MagnaChip Semiconductor Ltd Humidity Sensor Rev. 0.42 23 www.magnachip.com issued date : Aug. 06, 2015