PA09 • PA09A
PA09U 1
+37V
–37V
470pF
RF
100Ω RS
.5Ω
RD
3.9K
CF
PA09
VI4
3781
CC 5pF di
dt = 2A/µs
i = Vi /RS
LY
13µH
1Ω
5
6
FIGURE 1. PA09 AS DEFLECTION AMPLIFIER
PA09, PA09A
FEATURES
• POWER MOS TECHNOLOGY — 2A peak rating
• HIGH GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT — 150MHz
• VERY FAST SLEW RATE — 200V/µs
• PROTECTED OUTPUT STAGE — Thermal shutoff
• EXCELLENT LINEARITY — Class A/B output
• WIDE SUPPLY RANGE — ±12V to ±40V
• LOW BIAS CURRENT, LOW NOISE — FET input
APPLICATIONS
• VIDEO DISTRIBUTION AND AND AMPLIFICATION
• HIGH SPEED DEFLECTION CIRCUITS
• POWER TRANSDUCERS TO 2MHz
• COAXIAL LINE DRIVERS
• POWER LED OR LASER DIODE EXCITATION
DESCRIPTION
The PA09 is a high voltage, high output current operational
amplier optimized to drive a variety of loads from DC through
the video frequency range. Excellent input accuracy is achieved
with a dual monolithic FET input transistor which is cascoded
by two high voltage transistors to provide outstanding common
mode characteristics. All internal current and voltage levels are
referenced to a zener diode biased on by a current source. As
a result, the PA09 exhibits superior DC and AC stability over
a wide supply and temperature range.
High speed and freedom from second breakdown is assured
by a complementary Power MOS output stage. For optimum
linearity, especially at low levels, the Power MOS transistors
are biased in the class A/B mode. Thermal shutoff provides
full protection against overheating and limits the heatsink
requirements to dissipate the internal power losses under
normal operating conditions. A built-in current limit protects the
amplier against overloading. Transient inductive load kickback
protection is provided by two internal clamping diodes. External
phase compensation allows the user maximum exibility in
obtaining the optimum slew rate and gain bandwidth product
at all gain settings. For continuous operation under load, a
heatsink of proper rating is recommended.
This hybrid integrated circuit utilizes thick lm (cermet) resis-
tors, ceramic capacitors and silicon semiconductor chips to
maximize reliability, minimize size and give top performance.
Ultrasonically bonded aluminum wires provide reliable inter-
connections at all operating temperatures. The CE, 8-pin TO-3
package is hermeti-
cally sealed and elec-
trically isolated. The
use of compressible
thermal washers and/
or improper mount-
ing torque will void
the product warranty.
Please see “General
Operating Consider-
ations”.
DEFLECTION AMPLIFIER (FIGURE 1)
The deection amplier circuit of Figure 1 achieves arbi-
trary beam positioning for a fast heads-up display. Maximum
transition times are 4µs while delivering 2A pk currents to the
13mH coil. The key to this circuit is the sense resistor (RS)
which converts yoke current to voltage for op amp feedback.
This negative feedback forces the coil current to stay exactly
proportional to the control voltage. The network consisting of
RD, RF and CF serves to shift from a current feedback via RS
to a direct voltage feedback at high frequencies. This removes
the extra phase shift caused by the inductor thus preventing
oscillation. See Application Note 5 for details of this and other
precision magnetic deection circuits.
EQUIVALENT SCHEMATIC
EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS
3
6
2
7
8
5
4
1
Q1
Q5
Q2
D1
D2
Q18
Q15
Q10
Q12B
Q9
C2
Q8
Q12A
Q4
Q3
C1
Q6
Q13
Q11
Q14
D3
Q16
Q17
Q7
Q19
BAL +V
S
+IN
–IN
–V
S
R
C
C
C
OUT
TOP VIEW
1
23
4
5
6
7
8
R
T
R
S
R
S
= (│+V
S
│ + │–V
S
│) R
T
/1.6
C
C
NOTE: Input offset voltage trim optional. R
T
= 10KΩ MAX
8-PIN TO-3
PACKAGE STYLE CE
Power Operational Amplifier
PA09 • PA09A
Copyright © Apex Microtechnology, Inc. 2012
(All Rights Reserved)
www.apexanalog.com SEP 2012
PA09U REVP
PA09 • PA09A
2 PA09U
SPECIFICATIONS
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SUPPLY VOLTAGE, +VS to –VS 80V
OUTPUT CURRENT, within SOA 5A
POWER DISSIPATION, internal1 78W
INPUT VOLTAGE, differential 40V
INPUT VOLTAGE, common mode ±VS
TEMPERATURE, pin solder - 10s 350°C
TEMPERATURE, junction1 150°C
TEMPERATURE RANGE, storage –65 to +150°C
OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, case –55 to +125°C
PA09 PA09A
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS 2 MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX UNITS
INPUT
OFFSET VOLTAGE, initial .5 ± 3 ± .25 ± .5 mV
OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. temperature Full temperature range 10 30 5 10 µV/°C
OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. supply 10 * µV/V
BIAS CURRENT, initial 5 100 3 20 pA
BIAS CURRENT, vs. supply .01 * pA/V
OFFSET CURRENT, initial 2.5 50 1.5 10 pA
INPUT IMPEDANCE, DC 1011 * Ω
INPUT CAPACITANCE 6 * pF
COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE3 Full temperature range ± VS–10 ± VS–8 * * V
COMMON MODE REJECTION, DC Full temperature range, VCM = ± 20V 104 * dB
GAIN
OPEN LOOP GAIN at 15Hz RL = 1kΩ 80 98 * dB
GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT at 1MHz CC = 5pF 150 * MHz
POWER BANDWIDTH RL = 15Ω, CC = 5pF 750 * KHz
POWER BANDWIDTH RL = 15Ω, CC = 100pF 150 * KHz
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE SWING3 Full temperature range, IO = 2A ± VS –8 ± VS –7 * * V
CURRENT, PEAK 4.5 * A
SETTLING TIME to 1% 4V step, CC = 100pF .75 * µs
SETTLING TIME to .1% 4V step, CC = 100pF 1.3 * µs
SLEW RATE CC = 5pF 220 * V/µs
SLEW RATE CC = 100pF 25 * V/µs
RESISTANCE 7.5 * Ω
POWER SUPPLY
VOLTAGE Full temperature range ± 12 ± 35 ± 40 * * * V
CURRENT, quiescent 70 85 * * mA
THERMAL
RESISTANCE, AC junction to case4 Full temperature range, F > 60Hz 1.2 1.3 * * °C/W
RESISTANCE, DC junction to case Full temperature range, F < 60Hz 1.6 1.8 * * °C/W
RESISTANCE, junction to air Full temperature range 30 * °C/W
TEMPERATURE RANGE, case Meets full range specications –25 25 + 85 * * * °C
The internal substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not break the seal. If accidentally broken, do not crush, machine, or
subject to temperatures in excess of 850°C to avoid generating toxic fumes.
CAUTION
NOTES: * The specication of PA09A is identical to the specication for PA09 in applicable column to the left.
1. Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will result in reduced product life. Derate power dissipation to achieve
high MTTF.
2. Unless otherwise noted: TC = 25°C, supply voltage = ±35V.
3. +VS and -VS denote the positive and negative supply rail respectively. Total VS is measured from +VS to –VS.
4. Rating applies if the output current alternates between both output transistors at a rate faster than 60Hz.
PA09 • PA09A
PA09U 3
0 25 50 75 100 125
CASE TEMPERATURE, T
C
(°C)
10
40
60
80
POWER DERATING
INTERNAL POWER DISSIPATION, P (W)
–55 100
4
8
9
CURRENT LIMIT
6
3
10 100 10K 1M
FREQUENCY, F (Hz)
INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE, V
N
(nV/√Hz)
1
3
5
8
10 OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING
7
9
100K
COMMON MODE VOLTAGE
COMMON MODE VOLTAGE, V
CM
(V
PP
)
1K 10M
FREQUENCY, F (Hz)
COMMON MODE REJECTION
COMMON MODE REJECTION, CMR (dB)
40
80
120
10K 100K 1K
FREQUENCY, F(Hz)
POWER SUPPLY REJECTION
POWER SUPPLY REJECTION, PSR (dB)
CURRENT LIMIT, I
LIM
(A)
15
INPUT NOISE
1K
10
15
20
–25 25 50 75
7
50
150
70
OUTPUT CURRENT, I
O
(A)
VOLTAGE DROP FROM SUPPLY (V)
1M
20
60
100
10K 100K 1M 100M
0
20
40
60
80
100
5
JUNCTION TEMPERATURE, T
J
(°C)
4
6
30
300K 1M 3M 10M 30M
20
30
40
50
70
0
100M
10
2
1
125
2 3 4 5
10M
7
5
3
100K
7
30
20
0
| +V
S
| + | –V
S
| = 80V
C
C
= 100pF
FREQUENCY, F (Hz)
0
V/µs
GAIN
HIGH
300
100
30
10
3
11K300
100
3
130
10
GAIN AND SLEW RATE, (V/µs)
SLEW RATE vs. COMP.
1000
COMPENSATION CAPACITOR, C
C
(pF)
LOW
100
80
60
40
20
0
-20 100M
10M1M
100K
100
10 10K
1K
5pF
33pF
100pF
15pF
FREQUENCY, F (Hz)
OPEN LOOP GAIN, A (dB)
SMALL SIGNAL RESPONSE
0
-40
-80
-120
-160
-200 100M
10M1M
100K
100
10 10K
1K
FREQUENCY, F (Hz)
OPEN LOOP PHASE, Ф (°)
PHASE RESPONSE
5pF
33pF
100pF
330pF
15pF
ALL
OTHERS
330pF
6.2pF
33pF
100pF
330pF
15pF
60
50
40
30
20
10 1M3K
1K
30
10 300
100
FREQUENCY, F (KHz)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE, V
O
(V
PP
)
POWER RESPONSE
90
80
70
100
330pF
30 60 80
TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE, V
S
(V)
1.4
QUIESCENT CURRENT
1.2
40 50 70
.6
.8
NORMALIZED QUIESCENT CURRENT, I
Q
(X)
1.0
1.6
PA09 • PA09A
4 PA09U
GENERAL
Please read Application Note 1 "General Operating Con-
siderations" which covers stability, supplies, heat sinking,
mounting, current limit, SOA interpretation, and specication
interpretation. Visit www.apexanalog.com for design tools that
help automate tasks such as calculations for stability, internal
power dissipation, current limit; heat sink selection; Apex Mi-
crotechnology's complete Application Notes library; Technical
Seminar Workbook; and Evaluation Kits.
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
The specied voltage (±VS) applies for a dual (±) supply
having equal voltages. A nonsymmetrical (ie. +70/–10V) or a
single supply (ie. 80V) may be used as long as the total volt-
age between the +VS and –VS rails does not exceed the sum
of the voltages of the specied dual supply.
SAFE OPERATING AREA (SOA)
The MOSFET output stage of this power operational ampli-
er has two distinct limitations:
1. The current handling capability of the MOSFET geometry
and the wire bonds.
2. The junction temperature of the output MOSFETs.
SAFE OPERATING AREA CURVES
The SOA curves combine the effect of these limits and allow
for internal thermal delays. For a given application, the direc-
tion and magnitude of the output current should be calculated
or measured and checked against the SOA curves. This is
simple for resistive loads but more complex for reactive and
EMF generating loads. The following guidelines may save
extensive analytical efforts:
1. Capacitive and inductive loads up to the following maximums
are safe:
±VS CAPACITIVE LOAD INDUCTIVE LOAD
40V .1µF 11mH
30V 500µF 24mH
20V 2500µF 75mH
15V ∞ 100mH
2. Short circuits to ground are safe with dual supplies up to
±20V.
3. The output stage is protected against transient yback.
However, for protection against sustained, high energy
yback, external fast-recovery diodes should be used.
BYPASSING OF SUPPLIES
Each supply rail must be bypassed to common with a tanta-
lum capacitor of at least 47µF in parallel with a .47µF ceramic
capacitor directly connected from the power supply pins to the
ground plane.
OUTPUT LEADS
Keep the output leads as short as possible. In the video
frequency range, even a few inches of wire have signicant
inductance, raising the interconnection impedance and limit-
ing the output current slew rate. Furthermore, the skin effect
increases the resistance of heavy wires at high frequencies.
Multistrand Litz Wire is recommended to carry large video
currents with low losses.
GROUNDING
Single point grounding of the input resistors and the input
signal to a common ground plane will prevent undesired cur-
rent feedback, which can cause large errors and/or instabilities.
"Single point" is a key phrase here; a ground plane should be
used as shielding rather than a current path. Leaving the case
of the PA09 oating will cause oscillations in some applications.
COMPENSATION
The PA09 is extremely exible in terms of choice of compen-
sation capacitor for any given gain. The most common ranges
are shown in the COMPENSATION typical performance graph.
Swinging closer to the supply rails, heavier loads, faster input
signal rise and fall times and higher supply voltages all tend to
demand larger values of compensation capacitor. This capaci-
tor must be rated at least as high as the total voltage applied
to the amplier. In making specic value choices, use the
square wave stability test presented in APPLICATION NOTE
19, Figures 40 and 41.
In addition to small signal testing, if the application includes
step functions in the input signal, use this circuit to measure
large signal response. By increasing square wave amplitude to
the maximum of the application, this test may show signicant
distortion of the output waveform following the square wave
transitions. In this case the faster input stages of the PA09
are out-running the output stage and overload recovery time
creates the distortion. This speed relationship is also why
slew rate does not increase for compensation values below
about 27pF.
SUPPLY CURRENT
When swinging large signals, the output stage of the PA09
demands extra supply current. The following graphs illustrate
this current for several conditions for both sine and square
wave signals. Current is exclusive of any load current and will
affect both supply rating and thermal ratings. When calculat-
ing internal power dissipation, multiply this current times total
supply voltage.
Note that swinging closer to the supply rail demands more
30 50 80
20 40
2.0
5.0
15
3.0
4.0
1.5
2.5
3.5
60 70
25
35
INTERNAL VOLTAGE DROP SUPPLY TO OUTPUT V
S
–V
O
(V)
OUTPUT CURRENT FROM +V
S
OR –V
S
(A)
T
C
= 25°C
t = 100ms
steady state
t = 300ms
SOA
PA09 • PA09A
PA09U 5
current. Output voltage is given as peak. Currents are aver-
age responding supply readings, but AC monitoring will reveal
current pulses corresponding to periods of high slew rate. For
example, driving ±30V outputs at 500KHz on ±40V supplies
produces a .8A pulse during negative slew and a 1.2A pulse
during positive slew. If the input signal is over driven by several
times the output swing capability, pulses up to 4A may be seen.
THERMAL SHUTDOWN PROTECTION
The thermal protection circuit shuts off the amplier when
the substrate temperature exceeds approximately 150°C. This
allows heatsink selection to be based on normal operating
conditions while protecting the amplier against excessive
junction temperature during temporary fault conditions.
Thermal protection is a fairly slow-acting circuit and therefore
15V
O
/23V
S
32V
O
/40V
S
15V
O
/40V
S
7.0
5.5
4.0
2.5
1.0
1M
10K 100K
NORMALIZED I
Q
, (X)
QUIESCENT vs. SQUARE DRIVE
FREQUENCY, F (KHz)
15V
O
/23V
S
32V
O
/40V
S
15V
O
/40V
S
1.5
1.4
1.3
1.2
1.1
1.0
1000
100 300
NORMALIZED I
Q
, (X)
QUIESCENT vs. SINE DRIVE
FREQUENCY, F (KHz)
does not protect the amplier against transient SOA violations
(areas outside of the TC = 25°C boundary). It is designed to
protect against short-term fault conditions that result in high
power dissipation within the amplier, If the conditions that
cause thermal shutdown are not removed, the amplier will
oscillate in and out of shutdown. This will result in high peak
power stresses, destroy signal integrity, and reduce the reli-
ability of the device.
STABILITY
Due to its large bandwidth the PA09 is more likely to oscillate
than lower bandwidth Power Operational Ampliers. To prevent
oscillations a reasonable phase margin must be maintained by:
1. Pay very careful attention to supply bypassing and circuit
grounding. This is very important when step functions are
driven and the PA09 shares supplies with more active
devices.
2. Keeping the external sumpoint stray capacitance to ground
at a minimum and the sumpoint load resistance (input and
feedback resistors in parallel) below 500Ω. Larger sumpoint
load resistances can be used with increased phase com-
pensation and/or bypassing of the feedback resistor.
3. Connect the case to a local AC ground potential.
CURRENT LIMIT
Internal current limiting is provided in the PA09. Note the
current limit curve given under typical performance graphs is
based on junction temperature. If the amplier is operated at
cold junction temperatures, current limit could be as high as 8
amps. This is above the maximum allowed current on the SOA
curve of 5 amps. Systems using this part must be designed to
keep the maximum output current to less than 5 amps under all
conditions. The internal current limit only provides this protec-
tion for junction temperatures of 80°C and above.
PA09 • PA09A
6 PA09U
NEED TECHNICAL HELP? CONTACT APEX SUPPORT!
For all Apex Microtechnology product questions and inquiries, call toll free 800-546-2739 in North America.
For inquiries via email, please contact apex.support@apexanalog.com.
International customers can also request support by contacting their local Apex Microtechnology Sales Representative.
To nd the one nearest to you, go to www.apexanalog.com
IMPORTANT NOTICE
Apex Microtechnology, Inc. has made every effort to insure the accuracy of the content contained in this document. However, the information is subject to change
without notice and is provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind (expressed or implied). Apex Microtechnology reserves the right to make changes without further
notice to any specications or products mentioned herein to improve reliability. This document is the property of Apex Microtechnology and by furnishing this informa-
tion, Apex Microtechnology grants no license, expressed or implied under any patents, mask work rights, copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets or other intellectual
property rights. Apex Microtechnology owns the copyrights associated with the information contained herein and gives consent for copies to be made of the informa-
tion only for use within your organization with respect to Apex Microtechnology integrated circuits or other products of Apex Microtechnology. This consent does not
extend to other copying such as copying for general distribution, advertising or promotional purposes, or for creating any work for resale.
APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED, AUTHORIZED OR WARRANTED TO BE SUITABLE FOR USE IN PRODUCTS USED FOR
LIFE SUPPORT, AUTOMOTIVE SAFETY, SECURITY DEVICES, OR OTHER CRITICAL APPLICATIONS. PRODUCTS IN SUCH APPLICATIONS ARE UNDER-
STOOD TO BE FULLY AT THE CUSTOMER OR THE CUSTOMER’S RISK.
Apex Microtechnology, Apex and Apex Precision Power are trademarks of Apex Microtechnolgy, Inc. All other corporate names noted herein may be trademarks
of their respective holders.
Copyright © Apex Microtechnology, Inc. 2012
(All Rights Reserved)
www.apexanalog.com SEP 2012
PA09U REVP