Document Number: 83627 For technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswers@vishay.com www.vishay.com
Rev. 2.0, 29-Mar-11 1
This document is subject to change without notice.
THE PRODUCTS DESCRIBED HEREIN AND THIS DOCUMENT ARE SUBJECT TO SPECIFIC DISCLAIMERS, SET FORTH AT
www.vishay.com/doc?91000
Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero Crossing,
High dV/dt, Low Input Current
IL410, IL4108
Vishay Semiconductors
DESCRIPTION
The IL410 and IL4108 consists of a GaAs IRLED optically
coupled to a photosensitive zero crossing TRIAC network.
The TRIAC consists of two inverse parallel connected
monolithic SCRs. These three semiconductors are
assembled in a six pin dual in-line package.
High input sensitivity is achieved by using an emitter
follower phototransistor and a cascaded SCR predriver
resulting in an LED trigger current of less than 2 mA (DC).
The use of a proprietary dV/dt clamp results in a static dV/dt
of greater than 10 kV/ms. This clamp circuit has a MOSFET
that is enhanced when high dV/dt spikes occur between
MT1 and MT2 of the TRIAC. When conducting, the FET
clamps the base of the phototransistor, disabling the first
stage SCR predriver.
The zero cross line voltage detection circuit consists of two
enhancement MOSFETS and a photodiode. The inhibit
voltage of the network is determined by the enhancement
voltage of the N-channel FET. The P-channel FET is enabled
by a photocurrent source that permits the FET to conduct
the main voltage to gate on the N-channel FET. Once the
main voltage can enable the N-channel, it clamps the base
of the phototransistor, disabling the first stage SCR
predriver.
The 600 V, 800 V blocking voltage permits control of off-line
voltages up to 240 VAC, with a safety factor of more than
two, and is sufficient for as much as 380 VAC.
The IL410, IL4108 isolates low-voltage logic from 120 VAC,
240 VAC, and 380 VAC lines to control resistive, inductive, or
capacitive loads including motors, solenoids, high current
thyristors or TRIAC and relays.
FEATURES
• High input sensitivity
•I
FT = 2 mA, PF = 1.0
•I
FT = 5 mA, PF 1.0
• 300 mA on-state current
• Zero voltage crossing detector
• 600 V, 800 V blocking voltage
• High static dV/dt 10 kV/μs
• Very low leakage < 10 A
• Isolation test voltage 5300 VRMS
• Small 6 pin DIP package
• Compliant to RoHS Directive 2002/95/EC and in
accordance to WEEE 2002/96/EC
APPLICATIONS
• Solid-state relays
• Industrial controls
• Office equipment
• Consumer appliances
AGENCY APPROVALS
• UL1577, file no. E52744 system code H, double protection
• CSA 93751
• DIN EN 60747-5-2 (VDE 0884)/DIN EN 60747-5-5
(pending), available with option 1
Note
(1) Also available in tubes, do not put T on the end.
i179030_4
1
2
3
6
5
4
MT2
MT1
NC
A
C
NC
*Zero crossing circuit
ZCC*
V
DE
21842-1
ORDERING INFORMATION
IL410#-X0##T
PART NUMBER PACKAGE OPTION TAPE AND
REEL
AGENCY CERTIFIED/PACKAGE BLOCKING VOLTAGE VDRM (V)
UL 600 800
DIP-6 IL410 IL4108
DIP-6, 400 mil, option 6 IL410-X006 IL4108-X006
SMD-6, option 7 IL410-X007T (1) IL4108-X007T (1)
SMD-6, option 8 IL410-X008T -
SMD-6, option 9 IL410-X009T (1) IL4108-X009T (1)
VDE, UL 600 800
DIP-6 IL410-X001 IL4108-X001
DIP-6, 400 mil, option 6 IL410-X016 IL4108-X016
SMD-6, option 7 IL410-X017 IL4108-X017
SMD-6, option 9 IL410-X019T (1) -
> 0.1 mm
10.16 mm
> 0.7 mm
7.62 mm
DIP-#
Option 7
Option 6
Option 9
9.27 mm
Option 8
www.vishay.com For technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswers@vishay.com Document Number: 83627
2Rev. 2.0, 29-Mar-11
This document is subject to change without notice.
THE PRODUCTS DESCRIBED HEREIN AND THIS DOCUMENT ARE SUBJECT TO SPECIFIC DISCLAIMERS, SET FORTH AT
www.vishay.com/doc?91000
IL410, IL4108
Vishay Semiconductors Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero Crossing,
High dV/dt, Low Input Current
Notes
• Stresses in excess of the absolute maximum ratings can cause permanent damage to the device. Functional operation of the device is not
implied at these or any other conditions in excess of those given in the operational sections of this document. Exposure to absolute
maximum ratings for extended periods of the time can adversely affect reliability.
(1) Refer to reflow profile for soldering conditions for surface mounted devices (SMD). Refer to wave profile for soldering conditions for through
hole devices (DIP).
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Tamb = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)
PARAMETER TEST CONDITION PART SYMBOL VALUE UNIT
INPUT
Reverse voltage VR6V
Forward current IF60 mA
Surge current IFSM 2.5 A
Power dissipation Pdiss 100 mW
Derate from 25 °C 1.33 mW/°C
OUTPUT
Peak off-state voltage IL410 VDRM 600 V
IL4108 VDRM 800 V
RMS on-state current ITM 300 mA
Single cycle surge current 3A
Total power dissipation Pdiss 500 mW
Derate from 25 °C 6.6 mW/°C
COUPLER
Isolation test voltage
between emitter and detector t = 1 s VISO 5300 VRMS
Pollution degree (DIN VDE 0109) 2
Creepage distance 7mm
Clearance distance 7mm
Comparative tracking index per
DIN IEC112/VDE 0303 part 1, group IIIa
per DIN VDE 6110
CTI 175
Isolation resistance VIO = 500 V, Tamb = 25 °C RIO 1012
VIO = 500 V, Tamb = 100 °C RIO 1011
Storage temperature range Tstg - 55 to + 150 °C
Ambient temperature Tamb - 55 to + 100 °C
Soldering temperature (1) max. 10 s dip soldering
0.5 mm from case bottom Tsld 260 °C
Document Number: 83627 For technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswers@vishay.com www.vishay.com
Rev. 2.0, 29-Mar-11 3
This document is subject to change without notice.
THE PRODUCTS DESCRIBED HEREIN AND THIS DOCUMENT ARE SUBJECT TO SPECIFIC DISCLAIMERS, SET FORTH AT
www.vishay.com/doc?91000
IL410, IL4108
Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero Crossing,
High dV/dt, Low Input Current Vishay Semiconductors
Note
• Minimum and maximum values are testing requirements. Typical values are characteristics of the device and are the result of engineering
evaluation. Typical values are for information only and are not part of the testing requirements.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Tamb = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)
PARAMETER TEST CONDITION PART SYMBOL MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT
INPUT
Forward voltage IF = 10 mA VF1.16 1.35 V
Reverse current VR = 6 V IR0.1 10 μA
Input capacitance VF = 0 V, f = 1 MHz CIN 25 pF
Thermal resistance, junction to ambient Rthja 750 °C/W
OUTPUT
Off-state current VD = VDRM, Tamb = 100 °C,
IF = 0 mA IDRM 10 100 μA
On-state voltage IT = 300 mA VTM 1.7 3 V
Surge (non-repetitive), on-state current f = 50 Hz ITSM 3A
Trigger current 1 VD = 5 V IFT1 2mA
Trigger current 2 VD = 220 VRMS, f = 50 Hz,
Tj = 100 °C, tpIF > 10 ms IFT2 6mA
Trigger current temp. gradient IFT1/Tj714μA/°C
IFT2/Tj714μA/°C
Inhibit voltage temp. gradient VDINH/Tj- 20 mV/°C
Off-state current in inhibit state IF = IFT1, VD = VDRM IDINH 50 200 μA
Holding current IH65 500 μA
Latching current VT = 2.2 V IL500 μA
Zero cross inhibit voltage IF = rated IFT VIH 15 25 V
Critical rate of rise of off-state voltage VD = 0.67 VDRM, Tj = 25 °C dV/dtcr 10 000 V/μs
VD = 0.67 VDRM, Tj = 80 °C dV/dtcr 5000 V/μs
Critical rate of rise of voltage at current
commutation
VD = 230 VRMS,
ID = 300 mARMS, TJ = 25 °C dV/dtcrq 8V/μs
VD = 230 VRMS,
ID = 300 mARMS, TJ = 85 °C dV/dtcrq 7V/μs
Critical rate of rise of on-state current
commutation
VD = 230 VRMS,
ID = 300 mARMS, TJ = 25 °C dI/dtcrq 12 A/ms
Thermal resistance, junction to ambient Rthja 150 °C/W
COUPLER
Critical rate of rise of coupled
input/output voltage IT = 0 A, VRM = VDM = VDRM dVIO/dt 10 000 V/μs
Common mode coupling capacitance CCM 0.01 pF
Capacitance (input to output) f = 1 MHz, VIO = 0 V CIO 0.8 pF
Isolation resistance VIO = 500 V, Tamb = 25 °C RIO 1012
VIO = 500 V, Tamb = 100 °C RIO 1011
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS (Tamb = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)
PARAMETER TEST CONDITION PART SYMBOL MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT
Turn-on time VRM = VDM = VDRM ton 35 μs
www.vishay.com For technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswers@vishay.com Document Number: 83627
4Rev. 2.0, 29-Mar-11
This document is subject to change without notice.
THE PRODUCTS DESCRIBED HEREIN AND THIS DOCUMENT ARE SUBJECT TO SPECIFIC DISCLAIMERS, SET FORTH AT
www.vishay.com/doc?91000
IL410, IL4108
Vishay Semiconductors Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero Crossing,
High dV/dt, Low Input Current
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Tamb = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)
Fig. 1 - Forward Voltage vs. Forward Current
Fig. 2 - Peak LED Current vs. Duty Factor,
Fig. 3 - Maximum LED Power Dissipation
Fig. 4 - Typical Output Characteristics
Fig. 5 - Current Reduction
Fig. 6 - Current Reduction
iil410_03
1001010.1
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
IF - Forward Current (mA)
VF - Forward Voltage (V)
TA = - 55 °C
TA = 25 °C
TA = 85 °C
iil410_04
10-6 10-5 10-4 10-3 10-2 10-1 100101
10
100
1000
10 000
t - LED Pulse Duration (s)
If(pk) - Peak LED Current (mA)
0.005
0.05
0.02
0.01
0.1
0.2
0.5
Duty Factor
t
τ
DF = /t
τ
iil410_05
100806040200- 20- 40- 60
0
50
100
150
TA - Ambient Temperature (°C)
LED - LED Power (mW)
103
102
101
5
5
5
100
012 43
iil410_06
IT = f(VT),
Parameter: Tj
Tj = 25 °C
100 °C
IT (mA)
VT (V)
400
300
200
100
0
0 20 40 60 80 100
iil410_07
I
TRMS
(mA)
T
A
(°C)
I
TRMS
= f(VT),
R
thJA
= 150 K/W
Device switch
soldered in pcb
or base plate.
400
300
200
100
0
50 60 70 80 90 100
iil410_08
ITRMS (mA)
TPIN5 (°C)
ITRMS = f(TPIN5), RthJ-PIN5 = 16.5 K/W
Thermocouple measurement must
be performed potentially separated
to A1 and A2. Measuring junction
as near as possible at the case.
Document Number: 83627 For technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswers@vishay.com www.vishay.com
Rev. 2.0, 29-Mar-11 5
This document is subject to change without notice.
THE PRODUCTS DESCRIBED HEREIN AND THIS DOCUMENT ARE SUBJECT TO SPECIFIC DISCLAIMERS, SET FORTH AT
www.vishay.com/doc?91000
IL410, IL4108
Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero Crossing,
High dV/dt, Low Input Current Vishay Semiconductors
Fig. 7 - Typical Trigger Delay Time
Fig. 8 - Off-State Current in Inhibited State vs. IF/IFT 25 °C
Fig. 9 - Power Dissipation 40 Hz to 60 Hz Line Operation
Fig. 10 - Typical Static Inhibit Voltage Limit
TRIGGER CURRENT VS. TEMPERATURE AND VOLTAGE
The trigger current of the IL410, 4108 has a positive
temperature gradient and also is dependent on the terminal
voltage as shown as the fig. 11.
Fig. 11 - Trigger Current vs.
Temperature and Operating Voltage (50 Hz)
For the operating voltage 250 VRMS over the temperature
range - 40 °C to 85 °C, the IF should be at least 2.3 x of the
IFT1 (2 mA, max.).
Considering - 30 % degradation over time, the trigger
current minimum is IF = 2 x 2.3 x 130 % = 6 mA
iil410_09
tgd = f (IF/IFT 25 °C), VD = 200 V
f = 40 to 60 Hz, Parameter: Tj
103
102
101
5
fgd (µs)
10051015102
IF/IFT25 °C
Tj = 25 °C
100 °C
0.6
0.4
0.5
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0 100 200 300
iil410_11
Ptot (W)
ITRMS (mA)
40 to 60 Hz
Line operation,
Ptot = f(ITRMS)
12
10
8
6
4
1005510
2
101
iil410_12
V
V
DINH min.
(V)
I
F
/I
FT25 °C
VDINH min = f (IF/IFT25°C),
parameter: Tj
Device zero voltage
switch can be triggered
only in hatched are
below Tj curves.
Tj = 25 °C
100 °C
21602 VRMS (V)
I
FT
(mA)
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
100 °C
85 °C
50 °C
25 °C
www.vishay.com For technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswers@vishay.com Document Number: 83627
6Rev. 2.0, 29-Mar-11
This document is subject to change without notice.
THE PRODUCTS DESCRIBED HEREIN AND THIS DOCUMENT ARE SUBJECT TO SPECIFIC DISCLAIMERS, SET FORTH AT
www.vishay.com/doc?91000
IL410, IL4108
Vishay Semiconductors Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero Crossing,
High dV/dt, Low Input Current
INDUCTIVE AND RESISTIVE LOADS
For inductive loads, there is phase shift between voltage and current, shown in the fig. 12.
Fig. 12 - Waveforms of Resistive and Inductive Loads
The voltage across the triac will rise rapidly at the time the
current through the power handling triac falls below the
holding current and the triac ceases to conduct. The rise
rate of voltage at the current commutation is called
commutating dV/dt. There would be two potential problems
for ZC phototriac control if the commutating dV/dt is too
high. One is lost control to turn off, another is failed to keep
the triac on.
Lost control to turn off
If the commutating dV/dt is too high, more than its critical
rate (dV/dtcrq), the triac may resume conduction even if the
LED drive current IF is off and control is lost.
In order to achieve control with certain inductive loads of
power factors is less than 0.8, the rate of rise in voltage
(dV/dt) must be limited by a series RC network placed in
parallel with the power handling triac. The RC network is
called snubber circuit. Note that the value of the capacitor
increases as a function of the load current as shown in fig. 13.
Failed to keep on
As a zero-crossing phototriac, the commutating dV/dt
spikes can inhibit one half of the TRIAC from keeping on If
the spike potential exceeds the inhibit voltage of the zero
cross detection circuit, even if the LED drive current IF is on.
This hold-off condition can be eliminated by using a snubber
and also by providing a higher level of LED drive current. The
higher LED drive provides a larger photocurrent which
causes the triac to turn-on before the commutating spike
has activated the zero cross detection circuit. Fig. 14 shows
the relationship of the LED current for power factors of less
than 1.0. The curve shows that if a device requires 1.5 mA
for a resistive load, then 1.8 times (2.7 mA) that amount
would be required to control an inductive load whose power
factor is less than 0.3 without the snubber to dump the
spike.
Fig. 13 - Shunt Capacitance vs. Load Current
Fig. 14 - Normalized LED Trigger Current vs. Power Factor
21607 Resistive load
Commutating dV/dt
AC line
voltage
AC current
through
triac
Voltage
across triac
IF(on)
IF(off)
Inductive load
Commutating dV/dt
AC line
voltage
AC current
through
triac
Voltage
across triac
IF(on)
IF(off)
iil410_01
400350300250200150100500
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
IL - Load Current (mARMS)
C
s
- Shunt Capacitance (µF)
Cs (µF) = 0.0032 (µF)*10^0.0066 IL (mA)
TA = 25 °C, PF = 0.3
IF = 2.0 mA
iil410_02
1.21.00.80.60.40.20.0
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
PF - Power Factor
NIFth - Normalized LED
Trigger Current
IFth Normalized to IFth at PF = 1.0
TA = 25 °C
Document Number: 83627 For technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswers@vishay.com www.vishay.com
Rev. 2.0, 29-Mar-11 7
This document is subject to change without notice.
THE PRODUCTS DESCRIBED HEREIN AND THIS DOCUMENT ARE SUBJECT TO SPECIFIC DISCLAIMERS, SET FORTH AT
www.vishay.com/doc?91000
IL410, IL4108
Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero Crossing,
High dV/dt, Low Input Current Vishay Semiconductors
APPLICATIONS
Direct switching operation:
The IL410, IL4108 isolated switch is mainly suited to control
synchronous motors, valves, relays and solenoids. Fig. 15
shows a basic driving circuit. For resistive load the snubber
circuit RS C
S can be omitted due to the high static dV/dt
characteristic.
Fig. 15 - Basic Direct Load Driving Circuit
Indirect switching operation:
The IL410, IL4108 switch acts here as an isolated driver and
thus enables the driving of power thyristors and power triacs
by microprocessors. Fig. 16 shows a basic driving circuit of
inductive load. The resister R1 limits the driving current
pulse which should not exceed the maximum permissible
surge current of the IL410, IL4108. The resister RG is needed
only for very sensitive thyristors or triacs from being
triggered by noise or the inhibit current.
Fig. 16 - Basic Power Triac Driver Circuit
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS in millimeters
21608
1
2
3
6
5
4
Control
IL410
U1
ZC
RS
CS
Hot
Nutral
Inductive load
220/240
VAC
21609
1
2
3
6
5
4
Control
IL410
U1
ZC
R1
360
RG
330
RS
CS
Hot
Nutral
Inductive load
220/240
VAC
i178014
0.20
0.30
3.30
3.81
3.30
3.81
0.84 typ.
7.62 typ.
0.84 typ.
2.54 typ.
1 min.
0.46
0.51
1.22
1.32
6.30
6.50
8.50
8.70
Pin one ID
6
5
4
12
3
18°
3° to 9°
7.62 to 8.81
4° typ.
ISO method A
www.vishay.com For technical questions, contact: optocoupleranswers@vishay.com Document Number: 83627
8Rev. 2.0, 29-Mar-11
This document is subject to change without notice.
THE PRODUCTS DESCRIBED HEREIN AND THIS DOCUMENT ARE SUBJECT TO SPECIFIC DISCLAIMERS, SET FORTH AT
www.vishay.com/doc?91000
IL410, IL4108
Vishay Semiconductors Optocoupler, Phototriac Output, Zero Crossing,
High dV/dt, Low Input Current
PACKAGE MARKING (example)
Notes
• Only options 1, 7, and 8 are reflected in the package marking.
• The VDE Logo is only marked on option 1 parts.
• Tape and reel suffix (T) is not part of the package marking.
Option 6 Option 7
20802-25
Option 8 Option 9
10.16 typ.
7.62 typ.
8 min.
7.62 typ.
4.3 ± 0.3
0.6 min.
10.3 max.
0.7 min.
7.62 typ.
12.1 max.
9.27 min.
10.3 max.
7.62 typ.
8 min.0.6 min.
0.1 ± 0.1 3.6 ± 0.3
3.5 ± 0.3
2.55 ± 0.25
0.1 min.
0.25 ± 0.1
3.5 ± 0.3
2.54 R 0.25
1.78
0.76
1.52
8 min.
11.05
2.54 R 0.25
1.78
0.76
1.52
8 min.
11.05
2.54 R 0.25
1.78
0.76
1.52
8 min.
11.05
IL4108
V YWW H 68
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Revision: 08-Feb-17 1Document Number: 91000
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