TSC101 High side current sense amplifier Features Independent supply and input common-mode voltages Wide common-mode operating range: 2.8 to 30 V Wide common-mode surviving range: -0.3 to 60 V (load-dump) Wide supply voltage range: 4 to 24 V Low current consumption: ICC max = 300 A Internally fixed gain: 20 V/V, 50 V/V or 100 V/V Buffered output L SOT23-5 (Plastic package) Pin connections (top view) Applications Automotive current monitoring Notebook computers DC motor controls Photovoltaic systems Battery chargers Precision current sources Out 1 5 Vcc Gnd 2 Vp 3 4 Vm The input common-mode and power supply voltages are independent. The common-mode voltage can range from 2.8 to 30 V in operating conditions and up to 60 V in absolute maximum rating conditions. Description The TSC101 measures a small differential voltage on a high-side shunt resistor and translates it into a ground-referenced output voltage. The gain is internally fixed. The current consumption below 300 A and the wide supply voltage range enable the power supply to be connected to either side of the current measurement shunt with minimal error. Wide input common-mode voltage range, low quiescent current, and tiny SOT23 packaging enable use in a wide variety of applications. March 2011 Doc ID 13313 Rev 3 1/18 www.st.com 18 Application schematics and pin description 1 TSC101 Application schematics and pin description The TSC101 high-side current sense amplifier features a 2.8 to 30 V input common-mode range that is independent of the supply voltage. The main advantage of this feature is that it allows high-side current sensing at voltages much greater than the supply voltage (VCC). Figure 1. Application schematics 6SENSE )LOAD TO 6 2 SENSE 6P 2G TO 6 LOAD 6M 2G 6## 2G /UT 6OUT !V X 6SENSE 'ND !- Table 1 describes the function of each pin. The pin positions are shown in the illustration on the cover page and in Figure 1 above. Table 1. 2/18 Pin descriptions Symbol Type Function Out Analog output Output voltage, proportional to the magnitude of the sense voltage Vp-Vm. Gnd Power supply Ground line VCC Power supply Positive power supply line Vp Analog input Connection for the external sense resistor. The measured current enters the shunt on the Vp side. Vm Analog input Connection for the external sense resistor. The measured current exits the shunt on the Vm side. Doc ID 13313 Rev 3 TSC101 2 Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions Table 2. Absolute maximum ratings Symbol Vid Vi Parameter Input pins differential voltage (Vp-Vm) Input pin voltages (Vp and Vm) (1) (1) Value Unit 60 V -0.3 to 60 V -0.3 to 25 V VCC DC supply voltage Vout DC output pin voltage(1) -0.3 to VCC V Tstg Storage temperature -55 to 150 C Maximum junction temperature 150 C SOT23-5 thermal resistance junction to ambient 250 C/W HBM: human body model(2) 2.5 kV 150 V 1.5 kV Tj Rthja ESD MM: machine model (3) CDM: charged device model(4) 1. Voltage values are measured with respect to the ground pin. 2. Human body model: a 100 pF capacitor is charged to the specified voltage, then discharged through a 1.5k resistor between two pins of the device. This is done for all couples of connected pin combinations while the other pins are floating. 3. Machine model: a 200 pF capacitor is charged to the specified voltage, then discharged directly between two pins of the device with no external series resistor (internal resistor < 5 ). This is done for all couples of connected pin combinations while the other pins are floating. 4. Charged device model: all pins plus package are charged together to the specified voltage and then discharged directly to the ground. Table 3. Symbol Operating conditions Parameter VCC DC supply voltage from Tmin to Tmax Toper Operational temperature range (Tmin to Tmax) Vicm Common mode voltage range Doc ID 13313 Rev 3 Value Unit 4.0 to 24 V -40 to 125 C 2.8 to 30 V 3/18 Electrical characteristics TSC101 3 Electrical characteristics Table 4. Supply(1) Symbol ICC Parameter Total supply current Test conditions Min. Vsense = 0 V Tmin < Tamb < Tmax Typ. Max. Unit 165 300 A 1. Unless otherwise specified, the test conditions are Tamb = 25C, VCC = 12 V, Vsense = Vp-Vm = 50 mV, Vm = 12 V, no load on Out. Table 5. Symbol Input(1) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit CMR Common mode rejection Variation of Vout versus Vicm referred to input(2) 2.8 V < Vicm < 30 V Tmin < Tamb < Tmax 90 105 dB SVR Supply voltage rejection Variation of Vout versus VCC(3) 4.0 V < VCC < 24 V Vsense = 30 mV Tmin < Tamb < Tmax 90 105 dB Vos Input offset voltage(4) Tamb = 25 C Tmin < Tamb < Tmax 0.2 0.9 dVos/dT Input offset drift vs. T Tmin < Tamb < Tmax -3 Ilk Input leakage current VCC = 0 V Tmin < Tamb < Tmax Iib Input bias current Vsense = 0 V Tmin < Tamb < Tmax 5.5 1.5 2.3 mV V/C 1 A 8 A 1. Unless otherwise specified, the test conditions are Tamb = 25C, VCC = 12 V, Vsense = Vp-Vm = 50 mV, Vm = 12 V, no load on Out. 2. See Section 4.1: Common mode rejection ratio (CMR) on page 11 for the definition of CMR. 3. See Section 4.2: Supply voltage rejection ratio (SVR) on page 11 for the definition of SVR. 4. See Section 4.3: Gain (Av) and input offset voltage (Vos) on page 11 for the definition of Vos. 4/18 Doc ID 13313 Rev 3 TSC101 Table 6. Electrical characteristics Output(1) Symbol Parameter Test conditions Av Gain TSC101A TSC101B TSC101C Av Gain accuracy Tamb = 25C Tmin < Tamb < Tmax Output voltage drift vs. T(2) Tmin < Tamb < Tmax Vout/T Vout/Iout Output stage load regulation Min. Typ. Max. 20 50 100 V/V 2.5 4.5 0.4 -10 mA < Iout <10 mA Iout sink or source current 3 Unit % mV/C 4 mV/mA Vout Total output voltage accuracy(3) Vsense = 50 mV Tamb = 25 C Tmin < Tamb < Tmax 2.5 4.5 % Vout Total output voltage accuracy Vsense = 100 mV Tamb = 25 C Tmin < Tamb < Tmax 3.5 5 % Vout Total output voltage accuracy Vsense = 20 mV Tamb = 25 C Tmin < Tamb < Tmax 8 11 % Vout Total output voltage accuracy Vsense = 10 mV Tamb = 25 C Tmin < Tamb < Tmax 15 20 % Isc-sink Short-circuit sink current Out connected to VCC, Vsense = -1 V 30 60 mA Short-circuit source current Out connected to Gnd Vsense = 1 V 15 26 mA Voh Output stage high-state saturation voltage Voh=VCC-Vout Vsense = 1 V Iout = 1 mA 0.8 1 V Vol Output stage low-state saturation voltage Vsense = -1 V Iout = 1 mA 50 100 mV Isc-source 1. Unless otherwise specified, the test conditions are Tamb = 25C, VCC = 12 V, Vsense = Vp-Vm = 50 mV, Vm = 12 V, no load on Out. 2. See Output voltage drift versus temperature on page 12 for the definition. 3. Output voltage accuracy is the difference with the expected theoretical output voltage Vout-th = Av*Vsense. See Output voltage accuracy on page 13 for a more detailed definition. Doc ID 13313 Rev 3 5/18 Electrical characteristics Table 7. TSC101 Frequency response(1) Symbol Parameter Test conditions ts Output settling to 1% final value Vsense = 10 mV to 100 mV Cload = 47 pF(2) TSC101A TSC101B TSC101C SR Slew rate Vsense = 10 mV to 100 mV Min. 0.55 Typ. Max. Unit 3 6 10 s 0.9 V/s (2) BW 3dB bandwidth Cload = 47 pF Vsense = 100 mV TSC101A TSC101B TSC101C 500 670 450 kHz 1. Unless otherwise specified, the test conditions are Tamb = 25C, VCC = 12 V, Vsense = Vp-Vm = 50 mV, Vm = 12 V, no load on Out. 2. For stability purposes, we do not recommend using a greater value of load capacitor. Table 8. Symbol Noise(1) Parameter Test conditions Total output voltage noise Min. Typ. 50 Max. Unit nV/ Hz 1. Unless otherwise specified, the test conditions are Tamb = 25C, VCC = 12 V, Vsense = Vp-Vm = 50 mV, Vm = 12 V, no load on Out. 6/18 Doc ID 13313 Rev 3 TSC101 3.1 Electrical characteristics Electrical characteristics curves For the following curves, the tested device is a TSC101C, and the test conditions are Tamb= 25C, VCC = 12 V, Vsense = Vp-Vm = 50 mV, Vm = 12 V, no load on Out unless otherwise specified. Figure 2. Supply current vs. supply voltage (Vsense = 0 V) Figure 4. Vp pin input bias current vs. Vsense Figure 5. Figure 3. Doc ID 13313 Rev 3 Supply current vs. Vsense Vm pin input bias current vs. Vsense 7/18 Electrical characteristics TSC101 Figure 6. Minimum common mode operating Figure 7. voltage vs. temperature Output stage low-state saturation voltage versus output current (Vsense = -1 V) Figure 8. Output stage high-state saturation voltage versus output current (Vsense = +1 V) Output short-circuit source current versus temperature (Out pin connected to ground) 8/18 Figure 9. Doc ID 13313 Rev 3 TSC101 Electrical characteristics Figure 10. Output short-circuit sink current versus temperature (Out pin connected to VCC) Figure 11. Output stage load regulation Figure 12. Input offset drift versus temperature Figure 13. Output voltage drift versus temperature Figure 14. Bode diagram (Vsense=100mV) Figure 15. Power-supply rejection ratio versus frequency Doc ID 13313 Rev 3 9/18 Electrical characteristics TSC101 Figure 16. Total output voltage accuracy versus Vsense Figure 17. Output voltage versus Vsense Figure 18. Output voltage versus Vsense (detail Figure 19. Step response for low Vsense values) 10/18 Doc ID 13313 Rev 3 TSC101 Parameter definitions 4 Parameter definitions 4.1 Common mode rejection ratio (CMR) The common-mode rejection ratio (CMR) measures the ability of the current-sensing amplifier to reject any DC voltage applied on both inputs Vp and Vm. The CMR is referred back to the input so that its effect can be compared with the applied differential signal. The CMR is defined by the formula: V out CMR = - 20 log -----------------------------V icm Av 4.2 Supply voltage rejection ratio (SVR) The supply-voltage rejection ratio (SVR) measures the ability of the current-sensing amplifier to reject any variation of the supply voltage VCC. The SVR is referred back to the input so that its effect can be compared with the applied differential signal. The SVR is defined by the formula: V out SVR = - 20 log ----------------------------V CC Av 4.3 Gain (Av) and input offset voltage (Vos) The input offset voltage is defined as the intersection between the linear regression of the Vout versus Vsense curve with the X-axis (see Figure 20). If Vout1 is the output voltage with Vsense=Vsense1=50mV and Vout2 is the output voltage with Vsense=Vsense2=5mV, then Vos can be calculated with the following formula: V sense1 - V sense2 V os = V sense1 - ------------------------------------------------ V out1 V out1 - V out2 The amplification gain Av is defined as the ratio between output voltage and input differential voltage: V out Av = ----------------V sense Doc ID 13313 Rev 3 11/18 Parameter definitions TSC101 Figure 20. Vout versus Vsense characteristics: detail for low Vsense values 6OUT 6OUT 6OUT 6SENSE 6OS M6 M6 !- 4.4 Output voltage drift versus temperature The output voltage drift versus temperature is defined as the maximum variation of Vout with respect to its value at 25C, over the temperature range. It is calculated as follows: V out V out ( T amb ) - V out ( 25 C ) ----------------- = max -------------------------------------------------------------------------T T amb - 25 C with Tmin < Tamb < Tmax. Figure 21 provides a graphical definition of output voltage drift versus temperature. On this chart, Vout is always comprised in the area defined by dotted lines representing the maximum and minimum variation of Vout versus T. Figure 21. Output voltage drift versus temperature 12/18 Doc ID 13313 Rev 3 TSC101 4.5 Parameter definitions Output voltage accuracy The output voltage accuracy is the difference between the actual output voltage and the theoretical output voltage. Ideally, the current sensing output voltage should be equal to the input differential voltage multiplied by the theoretical gain, as in the following formula: Vout-th=Av . Vsense The actual value is very slightly different, mainly due to the effects of: the input offset voltage Vos, non-linearity Figure 22. Vout vs. Vsense theoretical and actual characteristics 6OUT !CTUAL )DEAL 6OUT ACCURACY FOR 6 SENSE M6 6SENSE M6 !- The output voltage accuracy, expressed in percentage, can be calculated with the following formula: abs ( V out - ( A v V sense ) ) V out = ------------------------------------------------------------------------A v V sense with Av = 20 V/V for TSC101A, Av = 50 V/V for TSC101B and Av = 100 V/V for TSC101C. Doc ID 13313 Rev 3 13/18 Application information 5 TSC101 Application information The TSC101 can be used to measure current and to feed back the information to a microcontroller, as shown in Figure 23. Figure 23. Typical application schematic 6SENSE )LOAD 6 TO 6 2SENSE 6P 2G ,OAD 6M 2G 43# 6 6REG 6## 6## !$# 2G /UT -ICROCONTROLLER 6OUT 'ND 'ND !- The current from the supply flows to the load through the Rsense resistor causing a voltage drop equal to Vsense across Rsense. The amplifier input currents are negligible, therefore its inverting input voltage is equal to Vm. The amplifier's open-loop gain forces its non-inverting input to the same voltage as the inverting input. As a consequence, the amplifier adjusts current flowing through Rg1 so that the voltage drop across Rg1 exactly matches Vsense. Therefore, the drop across Rg1 is: VRg1=Vsense=Rsense.Iload If IRg1 is the current flowing through Rg1, then IRg1 is given by the formula: IRg1=Vsense/Rg1 The IRg1 current flows entirely into resistor Rg3 (the input bias current of the buffer is negligible). Therefore, the voltage drop on the Rg3 resistor can be calculated as follows: VRg3=Rg3.IRg1=(Rg3/Rg1).Vsense Because the voltage across the Rg3 resistor is buffered to the Out pin, Vout can be expressed as: Vout=(Rg3/Rg1).Vsense or Vout=(Rg3/Rg1).Rsense.Iload The resistor ratio Rg3/Rg1 is internally set to 20V/V for TSC101A, to 50V/V for TSC101B and to 100V/V for TSC101C. The Rsense resistor and the Rg3/Rg1 resistor ratio (equal to Av) are important parameters because they define the full scale output range of your application. Therefore, they must be selected carefully. 14/18 Doc ID 13313 Rev 3 TSC101 6 Package information Package information In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK(R) packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK(R) specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK(R) is an ST trademark. Figure 24. SOT23-5L package mechanical drawing Table 9. SOT23-5L package mechanical data Dimensions Ref. A Millimeters Inches Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. 0.90 1.20 1.45 0.035 0.047 0.057 A1 0.15 0.006 A2 0.90 1.05 1.30 0.035 0.041 0.051 B 0.35 0.40 0.50 0.013 0.015 0.019 C 0.09 0.15 0.20 0.003 0.006 0.008 D 2.80 2.90 3.00 0.110 0.114 0.118 D1 1.90 0.075 e 0.95 0.037 E 2.60 2.80 3.00 0.102 0.110 0.118 F 1.50 1.60 1.75 0.059 0.063 0.069 L 0.10 0.35 0.60 0.004 0.013 0.023 K 0 degrees 10 degrees Doc ID 13313 Rev 3 15/18 Ordering information TSC101 7 Ordering information Table 10. Order codes Part number Temperature range Package Packaging TSC101AILT TSC101BILT -40C, +125C SOT23-5 Tape & reel TSC101CILT TSC101AIYLT (1) TSC101BIYLT(1) TSC101CIYLT (1) -40C, +125C SOT23-5 (Automotive grade) Tape & reel Marking Gain O104 20 O105 50 O106 100 O101 20 O102 50 O103 100 1. Qualified and characterized according to AEC Q100 and Q003 or equivalent, advanced screening according to AEC Q001 & Q 002 or equivalent. 16/18 Doc ID 13313 Rev 3 TSC101 8 Revision history Revision history Table 11. Document revision history Date Revision Changes 05-Mar-2007 1 First release, preliminary data. 22-Oct-2007 2 Document status promoted from preliminary data to datasheet. Added test results in electrical characteristics tables. Added electrical characteristics curves. 14-Mar-2011 3 Added ESD charged device model values in Table 2: Absolute maximum ratings. Added automotive grade qualification in Table 10: Order codes. Doc ID 13313 Rev 3 17/18 TSC101 Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries ("ST") reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any time, without notice. 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