Bulk Metal® Technology High Precision, Current Sensing, Power
Surface Mount, Metal Strip Resistor with Resistance Value from 1 m,
Rated Power up to 3 W and TCR to 0 ± 15 ppm/°C Maximum
Document Number: 63089 For any questions, contact www.vishayfoilresistors.com
Revision: 17-Aug-15 foil@vpgsensors.com 1
CSM Series
No minimum order quantity and any value at any
tolerance available within resistance range.
The Vishay Foil Resistors (VFR) application engineering
department is available to advise and make
recommendations.
For non-standard technical requirements and special
applications, please contact foil@vpgsensors.com.
I
A
R
Zin
I
D
V
=
~
∞
BC
Four terminal (Kelvin) design: allows for precise and
accurate measurements.
FIGURE 1 - POWER DERATING CURVE
- 65 - 50 - 25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 170
Ambient Temperature (°C)
100
80
60
40
20
0
Rated Power (%)
+ 70 °C
FEATURES
Temperature coefficient of resistance:
± 15 ppm/°C max. (- 55 °C to + 125 °C, + 25 °C
ref.); ± 10 ppm/°C max. (- 55 °C to + 125 °C,
+ 25 °C ref.) is available on request (see table 1)
Power rating: 1 W to 3 W
Resistance tolerance: ± 0.1 %
Resistance range: 1 m to 200 m
Bulk Metal® Foil resistors are not restricted to standard
values, specific “as required” values can be supplied at no
extra cost or delivery (e.g. 2.3456 m vs. 2 m)
Load life stability to ± 0.2 % (70 °C, 2000 h at rated power)
Short time overload: ± 0.1 % typical
Thermal EMF: 3 µV/°C (DC offset error, significant for low
values)
Maximum current: up to 54 A
Proprietary processing techniques produce low TCR, tight
tolerance and improve stability
Low inductance < 5 nH
Solderable terminations
Excellent frequency response to 50 MHz
Matched sets are available on request
Screening in accordance with EEE-INST002 available
(per MIL-PRF-55342 and MIL-PRF-49465; see 303144
and 303145 datasheets)
Terminal finishes available: lead (Pb)-free, tin/lead alloy
Quick prototype quantities available, please contact
foil@vpgsensors.com
For better performance please contact Application
Engineering
Compliant to RoHS directive 2002/95/EC
TABLE 1 - SPECIFICATIONS
PARAMETER CSM2512 CSM3637
Resistance Range
1 m
to 200 m
Power Rating at 70 °C
1 W
(1)
3 W ( 1 m
to 10 m
)
2 W (> 10 m
to 200 m
)
Maximum Current
(2)
31 A 54 A
Tolerance
± 0.5 % (1 m
to < 3 m
)
± 0.1 % (3 m
to 200 m
)± 0.5 % (1 m
to < 2 m
)
± 0.1 % (2 m
to 200 m
)
Temperature Coefficient
Max. (- 55 °C to + 125 °C,
+ 25 °C Ref.)
± 50 ppm/°C (1 m
to < 3 m
)
± 15 ppm/°C (3 m
to 200 m
)
± 10 ppm/°C (3 m
to 10 m
) is available on request
(3)
± 25 ppm/°C (1 m
to < 3 m
)
± 15 ppm/°C (3 m
to 200 m
)
± 10 ppm/°C (1 m
to 10 m
) is available on request
(3)
Operating Temperature
Range
- 65 °C to + 170 °C
Maximum Working Voltage
(P x R)
1/2
Weight (Maximum)
0.09 g 0.29 g
Notes
(1) For values above 0.1 derate linearly to 80 % rated power at 0.5
(2) Maximum current for a given resistance value is calculated using
IPR=
(3) Please contact application engineering: foil@vpgsensors.com
* This datasheet provides information about parts that are RoHS-compliant and/or parts that are non-RoHS-compliant. For example, parts with
lead (Pb) terminations are not RoHS compliant. Please see the information/tables in this datasheet for details.
www.vishayfoilresistors.com For any questions, contact Document Number: 63089
2 foil@vpgsensors.com Revision: 17-Aug-15
CSM Series
ABOUT CSM (Low Ohm Value 1 m to 200 m)
New high-precision Bulk Metal® surface-mount Power Metal
Strip® resistor of 1 m to 200 m that features an improved
load-life stability of ± 0.2 % at + 70 °C for 2000 h at rated
power, an absolute TCR of ± 15 ppm/°C maximum from
- 55 °C to + 125 °C, + 25 °C ref., and a tolerance of ± 0.1 %.
Typical current sensing resistors offer a load-life stability of
1 % through a 2000 h workload. The improved resistance
stability of the CSM Series makes it ideal for
tightened-stability voltage division and precision current
sensing applications in switching linear power supplies,
power amplifiers, measurement instrumentation, bridge
networks, and medical and test equipment. In addition, the
CSM Series complies with EEE-INST-002 (MIL-PRF 55342
and MIL-PRF 49465) for military and space applications.
Traditional Passive current sensors and shunts generate
heat under power, which changes their resistance, and thus
their voltage output. The CSM’s low absolute TCR reduces
errors due to temperature gradients, thus reducing a major
source of uncertainty in current measurement. The CSM
can withstand unconventional environmental conditions,
including the extremely high temperatures and radiation-rich
environments of down-hole oil exploration and well logging,
or the deep-sea underwater repeaters in cross-ocean
communications.
The stability of the CSM can be further enhanced by
post-manufacturing operations (PMO), such as temperature
cycling, short-time overload, and accelerated load life which
are uniquely applicable to Bulk Metal® Foil resistors.
The device features a low thermal electromotive force (EMF)
that is critical in many precision applications. The CSM’s
all-welded construction is composed of a Bulk Metal®
resistive element with welded copper terminations, plated for
soldering. The terminations make true ohmic contact with the
resistive layer along the entire side of the resistive element,
thereby minimizing temperature variations. Also, the resistor
element is designed to uniformly dissipate power without
creating hot spots, and the welded terminations material is
compatible with the element material.
These design factors result in a very low thermal-EMF
(3 µV/°C) resistor, because in addition to the low thermal
EMF compatibility of the metals, the uniformity and thermal
efficiency of the design minimizes the temperature
differential across the resistor, thereby assuring low thermal
EMF generation at the leads. This further reduces the
“battery effect” exhibited by most current-sensing or
voltage-reference resistors. Thus, the parasitic voltage
generated at the junction of two dissimilar metals, which is
especially important in low-value current-sensing resistors, is
minimized, while the pure current-to-voltage conversion is
protected from such interference in DC applications.
The stability problems associated with analog circuits are
very pervasive, but knowledgeable selection of a few
high-quality resistors, networks, or trimming potentiometers
in critical locations can greatly improve circuit performance,
long-term application-related performance, as well as the
designer’s peace-of-mind.
Additionally, the overall system cost is often reduced when a
knowledgeable designer concentrates costs in a few
exceptionally stable components whose proven minimal-
deviation load and environmental stability can often eliminate
the necessity of additional compensating circuitry or
temperature-controlling systems. The higher reliability and
better overall system performances also achieve excellent
product results in the field, enhancing market acceptance
and product reputation.
Designers often unnecessarily pay for tighter tolerances than
required simply to accommodate the resistance stability
shifts they know to be imminent in an application due to the
large application-related changes in the components they
selected. Selection of a high-stability component like the
CSM in these applications eliminates the need for shift
allowance due to “planned instability” and allows the use of
looser initial tolerances than would be necessary with
current-sensing resistors based on other technologies.
The Key Applications
Applications requiring accuracy and repeatability under
stress conditions such as the following:
Switching and linear power supplies
Precision current-sensing
Power management systems
Feedback circuits
Power amplifiers
Measurement instrumentation
Precision instrumentation amplifiers
Medical and automatic test equipment
Satellites and aerospace systems
Commercial and Military avionics
Test and measurement equipment
Electronic scales
FIGURE 2 - DIMENSIONS AND IMPRINTING in inches (millimeters)
H
A
W
B
T
L
CSM2512 DIMENSIONS (1)
e
I
a
d
c
b
CSM2512 LAND PATTERN
E1
E2
I1
I2
Kelvin Connection
I1, I2 - Current
E1, E2 - Sense
I
a
d
c
b
CSM3637 LAND PATTERN
E1
E2
I1
I2
H
A
W
B
T
L
CSM3637 DIMENSIONS
(1)
DIMENSIONS - TOLERANCES ± 0.010 (± 0.254), * ± 0.015 (± 0.381)
MODEL RESISTANCE RANGE (m) L W H T A B
CSM2512
1 to < 5
0.250 (6.350) 0.125 (3.175) 0.025 (0.635)
0.087 (2.210)
0.030 (0.762)* 0.032 (0.813)*5 to < 7 0.047 (1.194)
7 to 200 0.030 (0.762)
CSM3637
1 to < 2 0.360 (9.144) 0.370 (9.398) 0.025 (0.635) 0.138 (3.505) 0.061 (1.55) 0.032 (0.813)
2 to 200 0.360 (9.144) 0.370 (9.398) 0.025 (0.635) 0.086 (2.184) 0.061 (1.549) 0.032 (0.813)
LAND PATTERN DIMENSIONS - TOLERANCES ± 0.003 (± 0.076)
MODEL RANGE a b c d e I
CSM2512
0R001 to 0R0049 0.120 (3.05) 0.145 (3.68) 0.045 (1.14) 0.021 (0.53) 0.055 (1.39) 0.050 (1.27)
0R005 to 0R0069 0.083 (2.10) 0.145 (3.68) 0.045 (1.14) 0.021 (0.53) 0.055 (1.39) 0.125 (3.17)
0R007 to 0R2 0.065 (1.65) 0.145 (3.68) 0.045 (1.14) 0.021 (0.53) 0.055 (1.39) 0.160 (4.06)
CSM3637
0R001 to 0R0019 0.168 (4.27) 0.390 (9.91) 0.066 (1.68) 0.024 (0.610) -0.074 (1.88)
0R002 to 0R2 0.116 (2.95) 0.390 (9.91) 0.066 (1.68) 0.024 (0.610) -0.178 (4.52)
Document Number: 63089 For any questions, contact www.vishayfoilresistors.com
Revision: 17-Aug-15 foil@vpgsensors.com 3
CSM Series
Note
(1) White dot indicates top side of part for mounting purposes
TABLE 2 - CSM SERIES PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS
TEST CONDITIONS MIL-PRF-49465B
R LIMITS
CSM2512/CSM3637
TYPICAL R LIMITS MAXIMUM R LIMITS
Thermal Shock - 55 °C to + 150 °C, 1000 cycles,
15 min at each extreme ± (0.5 % + 0.0005R) 0.1 % 0.3 %
Load Life Stability 2000 h, 70 °C at rated power ± (1.0 % + 0.0005R) 0.2 % 1.0 %
Bias Humidity + 85 °C, 85 % humidity
10 % bias, 1000 h ± (0.5 % + 0.0005R) 0.05 % 0.2 %
Short Time Overload 5 x rated power for 5 s
(See note (3) from table 1) ± (0.5 % + 0.0005R) 0.1 % 0.3 %
High Temperature Exposure 1000 h, 170 °C ± (1.0 % + 0.0005R) 0.2 % 0.3 %
Low Temperature Storage - 65 °C for 24 h ± (0.5 % + 0.0005R) 0.05 % 0.1 %
Moisture Resistance MIL-STD-202, method 106,
0 power, 7a and 7b not required ± (0.5 % + 0.0005R) 0.02 % 0.05 %
Shock 100 g, 6 ms, 5 pulses ± (0.1 % + 0.0005R) 0.02 % 0.05 %
Vibration (10 Hz to 2000 Hz) 20 g ± (0.1 % + 0.0005R) 0.02 % 0.05 %
Resistance to Soldering Heat 10 s to 12 s at + 260 °C ± (0.25 % + 0.0005R) 0.05 % 0.1 %
Solderability MIL-STD-202 95 % coverage - -
FIGURE 3 - LOAD LIFE RESULTS OF CSM2512
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
-3000
-2500
-2000
-1500
-1000
-500
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
CSM2512 0R05
Load Life 2000HRS @ 1W @ +70C (15 units)
Time (Hours)
R/R (ppm)
www.vishayfoilresistors.com For any questions, contact Document Number: 63089
4 foil@vpgsensors.com Revision: 17-Aug-15
CSM Series
FIGURE 4 - THERMAL SHOCK RESULTS OF CSM3637 AND CSM2512
CSM3637 0R1 CSM3637 0R2 CSM2512 0R1 CSM2512 0R2
-2000
-1500
-1000
-500
0
500
1000
1500
2000
∆R/R (ppm)
Type and Value
Thermal Shock (-55°C to +150°C) x 1000 Cycles
20 Units Each Type and Value
FIGURE 5 - BIAS HUMIDITY RESULTS OF CSM3637 AND CSM2512
CSM3637 0R2 CSM3637 0R1 CSM2512 0R1 CSM2512 0R2
-1000
-800
-600
-400
-200
0
200
400
600
800
1000
∆R/R (ppm)
Type and Value
Bias Humidity 1000 Hrs @ +85°C @ 85% RH
10 Units Each Type and Value
Document Number: 63089 For any questions, contact www.vishayfoilresistors.com
Revision: 17-Aug-15 foil@vpgsensors.com 5
CSM Series
FIGURE 6 - PULSE TEST I
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Current (A)
Time (sec)
5 sec
10 sec
CSM3637 0R005 Test - 10 units
(5 Pulses of 5 sec @ 30 A, 10 sec @ 0 A)
Average Resistance Deviation: 696 ppm
STD = 305 ppm, Measurement Error = 0.0005R
FIGURE 7 - PULSE TEST II
0
5
10
15
20
25
CSM3637 0R005 Pulse Test - 10 units
(35 Pulses of 0.2 msec @ 20 A, 0.5 msec @ 3 A)
Average Resistance Deviation: 13.3 ppm
STD = 27.3 ppm, Measurement Error = 0.0005R
0.2
msec
Current (A)
Time (msec)
0.5
msec
www.vishayfoilresistors.com For any questions, contact Document Number: 63089
6 foil@vpgsensors.com Revision: 17-Aug-15
CSM Series
TABLE 3 - GLOBAL PART NUMBER INFORMATION (1)
NEW GLOBAL PART NUMBER: Y14870R12400B0R (preferred part number format)
DENOTES PRECISION VALUE CHARACTERISTICS
Y R = 0 = standard
9 = lead (Pb)-free
1 to 999 = custom
PRODUCT CODE RESISTANCE TOLERANCE PACKAGING
1487 = CSM2512
1488 = CSM3637
B = ± 0.1 %
C = ± 0.25 %
D = ± 0.5 %
F = ± 1.0 %
W = waffle
R = tape and reel
FOR EXAMPLE: ABOVE GLOBAL ORDER Y1487 0R12400 B 0 R:
TYPE: CSM2512
VALUE: 124.0 m
ABSOLUTE TOLERANCE: ± 0.1 %
TERMINATION: standard tin/lead
PACKAGING: tape and reel
HISTORICAL PART NUMBER: CSM2512 0R1240 B B T (will continue to be used)
CSM2512 0R1240 B B T
MODEL OHMIC VALUE ABS. TOLERANCE TERMINATION PACKAGING
0.124 B = ± 0.1 %
C = ± 0.25 %
D = ± 0.5 %
F = ± 1.0 %
S = lead (Pb)-free
B = tin/lead
T = tape and reel
W = waffle pack
Document Number: 63089 For any questions, contact www.vishayfoilresistors.com
Revision: 17-Aug-15 foil@vpgsensors.com 7
CSM Series
Note
(1) For non-standard requests, please contact application engineering
4870 124RY1 B00 R0
Vishay Precision Group, Inc.
www.vpgsensors.com
1
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Document No.: 63999
Revision: 15-Jul-2014
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