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Since dissipation is proportional to current squared, the
maximum current that can be delivered for a given mul-
tiplex ratio is given by:
IPEAK = (grids x 1600)1/2mA
where grids is the number of grids in a multiplexed display.
This means that a duplex application (two grids) can use
a repetitive peak current of 56.5mA, a triplex application
(three grids) can use a repetitive peak current of 69.2mA,
and higher multiplex ratios are limited to 75mA.
Paralleling Outputs
Any number of outputs within the same package may be
paralleled in order to raise the current drive or reduce the
output resistance. Only parallel outputs directly (by short-
ing outputs together) if the interface control can be guar-
anteed to set the outputs to the same level. Although the
sink output is relatively weak (typically 750W), that resis-
tance is low enough to dissipate 530mW when shorted to
an opposite level output at a VBB voltage of only 20V. A
safe way to parallel outputs is to use diodes to prevent the
outputs from sinking current (Figure 4). Because the out-
puts cannot sink current from the VFD tube, an external
discharge resistor, R, is required. For static tubes, R can
be a large value such as 100kW. For multiplexed tubes,
the value of the resistor can be determined by the load
capacitance and timing characteristics required. Resistor
Rl discharges tube capacitance C to 10% of the initial volt-
age in 2.3 x RC seconds. So, for example, a 15kW value
for R discharges 100pF tube grid or anode from 40V to
4V in 3.5µs, but draws an additional 2.7mA from the driver
when either output is high.
Power Dissipation
Take care to ensure that the maximum package dissi-
pation ratings for the chosen package are not exceed-
ed. Over dissipation is unlikely to be an issue when
driving static tubes, but the peak currents are usually
higher for multiplexed tubes. When using multiple dri-
ver devices, try to share the average dissipation evenly
between the drivers.
Determine the power dissipation (PD) for the MAX6920
for static tube drivers with the following equation:
PD = (VCC x ICC) + (VBB x IBB) + ((VBB - VH) x
IANODE x A))
where:
A = number of anodes driven (a MAX6920 can drive a
maximum of 12).
IANODE = maximum anode current.
(VBB - VH) is the output voltage drop at the given maxi-
mum anode current IOUT.
A static tube dissipation example follows:
VCC = 5V ±5%, VBB = 10V to 18V, A = 12, IOUT = 2mA
PD = (5.25V x 0.7mA) + (18V x 0.9mA) + ((2.5V x
2mA/25mA) x 2mA x 12) = 24.7mW
Determine the power dissipation (PD) for the MAX6920
for multiplex tube drivers with the following equation:
PD = (VCC x ICC) + (VBB x IBB) + ((VBB - VH) x IANODE
x A) + ((VBB - VH) x IGRID))
where:
A = number of anodes driven
G = number of grids driven
IANODE = maximum anode current
IGRID = maximum grid current
The calculation presumes all anodes are on but only
one grid is on. The calculated PD is the worst case,
presuming one digit is always being driven with all its
anodes lit. Actual PD can be estimated by multiplying
this PD figure by the actual tube drive duty cycle, taking
into account interdigit blanking and any PWM intensity
control.
A multiplexed tube dissipation example follows:
VCC = 5V ±5%, VBB = 36V to 42V, A = 6, G = 6,
IANODE = 0.4mA, IGRID = 24mA
PD = (5.25V x 0.7mA)+ (42V x 0.9mA) + ((2.5V x
0.4mA/25mA) x 0.4mA x 6) +
((2.5V x 24mA/25mA) x 24mA) = 99mW
Thus, for a 20-pin wide SO package (TJA = 1/0.01 =
+100°C/W from Absolute Maximum Ratings), the maxi-
mum allowed ambient temperature TA is given by:
TJ(MAX) = TA + (PD x TJA) = +150°C = TA + (0.099 x
+100°C/W)
So TA = +140°C.
Figure 4. Paralleling Outputs
MAX6920
OUT0
OUT1
D1
D2
R
OUTPUT
www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated
│
8
MAX6920 12-Output, 76V, Serial-Interfaced VFD Tube Driver