AP1186
1.5A ULTRA LOW DROPOUT POSITIVE ADJUSTABLE OR
FIXED-MODE REGULATOR
AP1186 Rev. 1 1 of 9 MARCH 2007
www.diodes.com © Diodes Incorporated
Lead-free
Lead-free
• Adjustable or Fixed output voltage 1.5V, 1.8V, 2.5V,
3.3V, 5.0V
• 0.5V Maximum Dropout voltage at 1.5A Load current
• Built-in Thermal Shutdown
• Output Current Limiting
• Fast transient response
• Good noise rejection
• Packages: TO220-5L, TO263-5L
• Lead Free Finish/RoHS Compliant for Lead Free
products (Note 1)
AP1186 is a 1.5A regulator with extremely low dropout voltage.
This product is specifically designed to provide well-regulated
supply for applications requiring 2.8V or lower voltages from 3.3V
ATX power supplies where high efficiency of a switcher can be
achieved without the cost and complexity associated with a
switching regulator. One such application is the new graphic chip
sets that require anywhere from 2.4V to 2.7V supply.
K5:TO263-5L
T5:TO220-5L
AP 1186 X - XX X
Package Vout
Blank : Adj
15 : 1.5V
18 : 1.8V
25 : 2.5V
33 : 3.3V
50 : 5.0V
Packing
-U : Tube
-13: Taping
Lead Free
L : Lead Free Package
Note: 1. RoHS revision 13.2.2003. Glass and High Temperature Solder Exemptions Applied, see EU Directive Annex Notes 5 and 7.
Tube 13” Tape and Reel
Device Package
Code
Packaging
(Note 2) Quantity Part Number
Suffix Quantity Part Number
Suffix
AP1186T5 T5 TO220-5L 50 -U NA NA
AP1186K5 K5 TO263-5L 50 -U 800/Tape & Reel -13
Note: 2. Pad layout as shown on Diodes Inc. suggested pad layout document AP02001, which can be found on our website at
http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02001.pdf.
Features General Description
Ordering Information
Typical Application
470uF
+
470uF
+
2.5
V/1.5A
3
2
1
Vou
t
Vsense
GND
Vctrl
Vin
4
5
3V 5V
470uF
+
AP1186
1.5A ULTRA LOW DROPOUT POSITIVE ADJUSTABLE OR
FIXED-MODE REGULATOR
AP1186 Rev. 1 2 of 9 MARCH 2007
www.diodes.com © Diodes Incorporated
Block Diagram
THERMAL
SHUTDOWN
Vout
Adj
1.25V +
CURRENT
LIMIT
Vin
+-
+
+
-
Vsense
Vctrl
Package Connect Diagram
5 PIN TO263 5 PIN TO220
Tab is Vout
FRONT VIEW
Tab is Vout
FRONT VIEW
Vout
Vsense
Adj(GND)
Vctrl
Vin
5
2
1
4
3
3
2
1
Vout
Vsense
Adj(GND)
Vctrl
Vin
4
5
Pin Descriptions
Name I/O Description
Vsense I
This pin is the positive side of the reference that allows remote load sensing to achieve excellent load
regulation. A minimum of 10uF capacitor must be connected from this pin to ground to insure stability.
Adj
(GND) A resistor divider from this pin to the Vout pin and ground sets the output voltage.
(GND only for fixed mode)
Vout O
The output of the regulator. A minimum of 100uF capacitor must be connected from this pin to ground
to insure stability.
Vctrl I
This pin is the supply pin for the internal control circuit as well as the base drive for the pass transistor.
This pin must always by higher than the Vout pin in order for the device to regulate. A minimum of
100uF capacitor must be connected from this pin to ground to insure stability.
Vin I
The input of the regulator. Typically a large storage capacitor is connected from this pin to ground to
insure that the input voltage does not sag below the minimum dropout voltage during the load
transient response. This pin must always be higher than Vout in order for the device to regulate.
AP1186
1.5A ULTRA LOW DROPOUT POSITIVE ADJUSTABLE OR
FIXED-MODE REGULATOR
AP1186 Rev. 1 3 of 9 MARCH 2007
www.diodes.com © Diodes Incorporated
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Symbol Parameter Rating Unit
Vin Input Voltage 16 V
Vctrl Control Input Voltage 18 V
PD Power Dissipation Internally Limited
TST Storage Temperature -65 to +150 oC
TOP Operating Junction Temperature Range 0 to +150 oC
Electrical Characteristics
Unless otherwise specified, these specifications apply over, Cin = 1uF, Cout = 10uF, and TJ = 0 to 150oC. Typical value refers to TA =
25oC. Vout = Vsense.
SYM. Parameter Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit
VREF Reference
Voltage AP1186-Adj
T
A = 25oC,(VIN-VOUT) = 0.5V,IO = 10mA
Vctrl = VIN+1V 1.225 1.250 1.275 V
AP1186-1.5 IOUT = 10mA, TA = 25oC, 2V≦VIN≦12V
Vctrl = VIN+1V 1.470 1.500 1.530
AP1186-1.8 IOUT = 10mA, TA = 25oC, 2.3V≦VIN≦12V
Vctrl = VIN+1V 1.764 1.800 1.836
AP1186-2.5 IOUT = 10mA, TA = 25oC, 3V≦VIN≦12V
Vctrl = VIN+1V 2.450 2.500 2.550
AP1186-3.3 IOUT = 10mA, TA = 25oC, 3.8V≦VIN≦12V
Vctrl = VIN+1V 3.235 3.300 3.365
Vout Output Voltage
AP1186-5.0 IOUT = 10mA, TA = 25oC, 5.5V≦VIN≦12V
Vctrl = VIN+1V 4.900 5.000 5.100
V
Line Regulation AP1186-XXX IO = 10mA, VOUT+0.5V<VIN<12V
Vctrl = VIN+1V 0.2 %
AP1186-Adj 0mA<Io<1.5A, TA=25oC
(VIN – VOUT) = 2V, Vctrl = VIN + 1V 1 %
AP1186-1.5 VIN = 3V, 0mA<Io<1.5A, TA = 25oC
Vctrl = 4V 12 15 mV
AP1186-1.8 VIN = 3.3V, 0mA<Io<1.5A, TA = 25oC
Vctrl = 4.3V 15 18 mV
AP1186-2.5 VIN = 4V, 0mA<Io<1.5A, TA = 25oC
Vctrl = 5V 20 25 mV
AP1186-3.3 VIN = 5V, 0≦IOUT≦1.5A, TA = 25oC ,
TA= 25oC Vctrl = 6V 26 33 mV
Load Regulation
AP1186-5.0 VIN = 8V, 0≦IOUT≦1.5A, TA= 25oC ,
TA= 25oC Vctrl = 9V 40 50 mV
Dropout Voltage
(Vctrl-Vout)
Vadj = 0V for all conditions below.
Vin = 2.05V, Io = 1.5A
1.23 V
Dropout Voltage
(Vin-Vout)
Vadj = 0V for all conditions below.
Vctrl = 3V, Io = 1.5A
0.26
0.38 V
Current Limit Vctrl = 3V, Vin = 2.05V, ∆Vo = 100mV, Vadj = 0V 1.6 A
Minimum Load
Current Vctrl = 5V, Vin = 3.3V, Vadj = 0V 5 10 mA
AP1186
1.5A ULTRA LOW DROPOUT POSITIVE ADJUSTABLE OR
FIXED-MODE REGULATOR
AP1186 Rev. 1 4 of 9 MARCH 2007
www.diodes.com © Diodes Incorporated
Electrical Characteristics ( Continued )
Unless otherwise specified, these specifications apply over, Cin = 1uF, Cout = 10uF, and Tj = 0 to 150oC. Typical value refers
to Tj = 25oC. Vout = Vsense.
SYM. Parameter Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit
Thermal
Regulation 30ms Pulse 0.01 0.02 %W
Ripple Rejection
Vctrl = 5V, Vin = 5V, Io = 1.5A, Vadj = 0V, Tj = 25,
Vripple = 1Vpp at 120Hz 60 70 dB
Control Pin
Current
Vadj = 0V for all conditions below.
Vctrl = 2.75V, Vin = 2.05V, Io = 1.5A 6 25 mA
Iadj Adjust Pin Current Vctrl = 2.75V, Vin = 2.05,Vadj = 0 50 150 µA
ΘJC
Thermal
Resistance
Junction-to-Case
TO263-5L: Control Circuitry/Power Transistor
TO220-5L: Control Circuitry/Power Transistor 2.5
2.5 oC/W
Note: 3. AP1186-ADJ incorporates an internal thermal shutdown that protects the device when the junction temperature exceeds the allowable
maximum junction temperature.
AP1186
1.5A ULTRA LOW DROPOUT POSITIVE ADJUSTABLE OR
FIXED-MODE REGULATOR
AP1186 Rev. 1 5 of 9 MARCH 2007
www.diodes.com © Diodes Incorporated
Functional Descriptions
Introduction
The AP1186 regulator is a 5-terminal device designed specifically
to provide extremely low dropout voltages comparable to the
PNP type without the disadvantage of the extra power dissipation
due to the base current associated with PNP regulators. This is
done by bringing out the control pin of the regulator that provides
the base current to the power NPN and connecting it to a voltage
that is greater than the voltage present at the Vin pin. This
flexibility makes the AP1186 ideal for applications where dual
inputs are available such as a computer motherboard with an
ATX style power supply that provides 5V and 3.3V to the board.
One such application is the new graphic chip sets that require
anywhere from 2.4V to 2.7V supply. The AP1186-ADJ can easily
be programmed with the addition of two external resistors to any
voltages within the range of 1.25V to 15.5V. Another major
requirement of these graphic chips is the need to switch the load
current from zero to several amps in tens of nanoseconds at the
processor pins, which translates to an approximately 300 to
500ns of current step at the regulator. In addition, the output
voltage tolerances are also extremely tight and they include the
transient response as part of the specification.
The AP1186 is specifically designed to meet the fast current
transient needs as well as providing an accurate initial voltage,
reducing the overall system cost with the need for fewer number
of output capacitors. Another feature of the device is its true
remote sensing capability that allows accurate voltage setting at
the load rather than at the device.
Output Voltage Setting
The AP1186-ADJ can be programmed to any voltages in the
range of 1.25V to 15.5V with the addition of R1 and R2 external
resistors according to the following formula:
Vout = Vref (1+R2/R1) + Iadj * R2 where : Vref = 1.25V & Iadj=50uA Typically
AP1186-ADJ
Vin
Vctrl Adj
Vout
Vsense
R1+
R2+
Vref
Iadj=50uA
The AP1186-ADJ keeps a constant 1.25V between the Vsense
pin and the Adj pin. By placing a resistor R1 across these two
pins and connecting the Vsense and Vout pin together, a constant
current flows through R1, adding to the Iadj current and into the
R2 resistor producing a voltage equal to the (1.25/R1)*R2 +
Iadj*R2. This voltage is then added to the 1.25V to set the output
voltage. This is summarized in the above equation.
Since the minimum load current requirement of the AP1186-ADJ
is 10mA, R1 is typically selected to be a 121Ω resistor so that it
automatically satisfies this condition. Notice that since the Iadj is
typically in the range of 50uA it only adds a small error to the
output voltage and should be considered when very precise
output voltage setting is required.
Load Regulation
Since the AP1186 has separate pins for the output (Vout) and the
sense (Vsense), it is ideal for providing true remote sensing of the
output voltage at the load. This means that the voltage drops due
to parasitic resistance such as PCB traces between the regulator
and the load are compensated for using remote sensing. Figure
following shows a typical application of the AP1186 with remote
sensing.
AP1186-ADJ
Vin
Vctrl
Vin
Vctrl
Vout
Vsense
Adj R1
R2
R
L
AP1186
1.5A ULTRA LOW DROPOUT POSITIVE ADJUSTABLE OR
FIXED-MODE REGULATOR
AP1186 Rev. 1 - 0 6 of 9 MARCH 2007
www.diodes.com © Diodes Incorporated
Stability
The AP1186-XXX requires the use of an output capacitor as part
of the frequency compensation in order to make the regulator
stable. Typical designs for the microprocessor applications use
standard electrolytic capacitors with typical ESR in the range of
50 to 100mΩ and an output capacitance of 100uF to 1000uF.
Fortunately as the capacitance increases, the ESR decreases
resulting in a fixed RC time constant. The AP1186-XXX takes
advantage of the phenomena in making the overall regulator loop
stable.
For most applications a minimum of 100uF aluminum electrolytic
capacitor insures both stability and good transient response.
Thermal Design
The AP1186-XXX incorporates an internal thermal shutdown that
protects the device when the junction temperature exceeds the
allowable maximum junction temperature. Although this device
can operate with junction temperatures in the range of 150oC, it is
recommended that the selected heat sink be chosen such that
during maximum continuous load operation the junction
temperature is kept below this number. The example below
shows the steps in selecting the proper surface mount package.
Assuming, the following conditions:
Vout = 2.5V
Vin = 3.3V
Vctrl = 5V
Iout = 1.5A DC Avg.
Calculate the maximum power dissipation using the
following equation:
Pd = Iout*(Vin-Vout)+(Iout/60)*(Vctrl-Vout)
Pd = 2*(3.3-2.5)+(2/60)*(5-2.5) = 1.68W
Using table below select the proper package and the
amount of copper board needed.
Note: Above table is based on the maximum junction temperature of 135oC. As shown in the above table, any of the two packages will do
the job.
Function Descriptions (Continued)
Package Copper Area ΘJA (oC/W) Max Pd ( Ta = 25oC ) Max Pd ( Ta = 45oC )
TO263 Pad Size-1.4”X1.4” 25-45 2.4W-4.4W 2.0W-3.6W
AP1186
1.5A ULTRA LOW DROPOUT POSITIVE ADJUSTABLE OR
FIXED-MODE REGULATOR
AP1186 Rev. 1 7 of 9 MARCH 2007
www.diodes.com © Diodes Incorporated
Marking Information
(1) TO220-5L
1186-XX
1186-XX: Voltage
1186-15: 1.5V
1186-18: 1.8V
1186-25: 2.5V
1186-33: 3.3V
1186-50: 5.0V
Logo
Internal code
Year:
( Top view )
"02" = 2002
"01" = 2001
XX XX X X
Xth week: 01~52
~
L: Lead Free Package
(2) TO263-5L
1186- XX
1186-XX: Voltage
1186-15: 1.5V
1186-18: 1.8V
1186-25: 2.5V
1186-33: 3.3V
1186-50: 5.0V
Logo
Internal Code
Xth Week: 01~52
Year:
(Top view)
"02" = 2002
"01" = 2001
X X X X X X
~
L: Lead Free Package
AP1186
1.5A ULTRA LOW DROPOUT POSITIVE ADJUSTABLE OR
FIXED-MODE REGULATOR
AP1186 Rev. 1 8 of 9 MARCH 2007
www.diodes.com © Diodes Incorporated
Package Information
(1) Package Type: TO220-5L
AP1186
1.5A ULTRA LOW DROPOUT POSITIVE ADJUSTABLE OR
FIXED-MODE REGULATOR
AP1186 Rev. 1 9 of 9 MARCH 2007
www.diodes.com © Diodes Incorporated
Package Information (Continued)
(2) Package Type: TO263-5L
IMPORTANT NOTICE
LIFE SUPPORT
Diodes Incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make modifications, enhancements, improvements, corrections or other changes without further
notice to any product herein. Diodes Incorporated does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product described herein; neither
does it convey any license under its patent rights, nor the rights of others. The user of products in such applications shall assume all risks of such use and will
agree to hold Diodes Incorporated and all the companies whose products are represented on our website, harmless against all damages.
Diodes Incorporated products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without the expressed written approval of the
President of Diodes Incorporated.
