REV. B
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its
use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that
may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise
under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.
a
AD584*
One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.
Tel: 781/329-4700 www.analog.com
Fax: 781/326-8703 © Analog Devices, Inc., 2001
Pin Programmable
Precision Voltage Reference
PIN CONFIGURATIONS
8-Lead TO-99
7
8
1
4
5
6
3
2
CAP
VBG
STROBE
COMMON
TAB
10.0V
5.0V
2.5V
V+
AD584
TOP VIEW
(Not to Scale)
8-Lead DIP
TOP VIEW
(Not to Scale)
8
7
6
5
1
2
3
4
10.0V
5.0V
2.5V
+V
CAP
VBG
STROBECOMMON
AD584
FEATURES
Four Programmable Output Voltages:
10.000 V, 7.500 V, 5.000 V, 2.500 V
Laser-Trimmed to High Accuracies
No External Components Required
Trimmed Temperature Coefficient:
5 ppm/C Max, 0C to 70C (AD584L)
15 ppm/C Max, –55C to +125C (AD584T)
Zero Output Strobe Terminal Provided
Two Terminal Negative Reference
Capability (5 V and above)
Output Sources or Sinks Current
Low Quiescent Current: 1.0 mA Max
10 mA Current Output Capability
MIL-STD-883 Compliant Versions Available
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The AD584 is an eight-terminal precision voltage reference offer-
ing pin-programmable selection of four popular output voltages:
10.000 V, 7.500 V, 5.000 V and 2.500 V. Other output voltages,
above, below or between the four standard outputs, are available
by the addition of external resistors. Input voltage may vary between
4.5 V and 30 V.
Laser Wafer Trimming (LWT) is used to adjust the pin-
programmable output levels and temperature coefficients,
resulting in the most flexible high precision voltage reference
available in monolithic form.
In addition to the programmable output voltages, the AD584 offers
a unique strobe terminal which permits the device to be turned
on or off. When the AD584 is used as a power supply reference,
the supply can be switched off with a single, low-power signal.
In the “off” state the current drain by the AD584 is reduced to
about 100 µA. In the “on” state the total supply current is typi-
cally 750 µA including the output buffer amplifier.
The AD584 is recommended for use as a reference for 8-, 10-,
or 12-bit D/A converters which require an external precision
reference. The device is also ideal for all types of A/D convert-
ers of up to 14-bit accuracy, either successive approximation or
integrating designs, and in general can offer better performance
than that provided by standard self-contained references.
The AD584J, K, and L are specified for operation from 0°C to
70°C; the AD584S and T are specified for the –55°C to +125°C
range. All grades are packaged in a hermetically sealed eight-
terminal TO-99 metal can; the AD584 J and K are also available
in an 8-lead plastic DIP.
PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS
1. The flexibility of the AD584 eliminates the need to design-in
and inventory several different voltage references. Further
more one AD584 can serve as several references simultaneously
when buffered properly.
2. Laser trimming of both initial accuracy and temperature coeffi-
cient results in very low errors over temperature without the
use of external components. The AD584LH has a maximum
deviation from 10.000 V of ±7.25 mV from 0°C to 70°C.
3. The AD584 can be operated in a two-terminal “Zener” mode
at 5 V output and above. By connecting the input and the
output, the AD584 can be used in this “Zener” configuration
as a negative reference.
4. The output of the AD584 is configured to sink or source
currents. This means that small reverse currents can be toler-
ated in circuits using the AD584 without damage to the refer-
ence and without disturbing the output voltage (10 V, 7.5 V,
and 5 V outputs).
5. The AD584 is available in versions compliant with MIL-STD-
883. Refer to the Analog Devices Military Products Databook
or current AD584/883B data sheet for detailed specifications.
*Protected by U.S. Patent No. 3,887,863; RE 30,586.
REV. B
–2–
AD584–SPECIFICATIONS
(@ V
IN
= 15 V and 25C
unless otherwise noted.
)
Model AD584J AD584K AD584L
Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Unit
OUTPUT VOLTAGE TOLERANCE
Maximum Error
1
for Nominal
Outputs of:
10.000 V 30 10 5mV
7.500 V 20 84mV
5.000 V 15 63mV
2.500 V 7.5 3.5 2.5 mV
OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE
Maximum Deviation from 25°C
Value, T
MIN
to T
MAX2
10.000 V, 7.500 V, 5.000 V Outputs 30 15 5 ppm/°C
2.500 V Output 30 15 10 ppm/°C
Differential Temperature
Coefficients Between Outputs 5 3 3 ppm/°C
QUIESCENT CURRENT 0.75 1.0 0.75 1.0 0.75 1.0 mA
Temperature Variation 1.5 1.5 1.5 µA/°C
TURN-ON SETTLING TIME TO 0.1% 200 200 200 µs
NOISE
(0.1 Hz to 10 Hz) 50 50 50 µV p-p
LONG-TERM STABILITY 25 25 25 ppm/1000 Hrs
SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT 30 30 30 mA
LINE REGULATION (No Load)
15 V V
IN
30 V 0.002 0.002 0.002 %/V
(V
OUT
2.5 V) V
IN
15 V 0.005 0.005 0.005 %/V
LOAD REGULATION
0 I
OUT
5 mA, All Outputs 20 50 20 50 20 50 ppm/mA
OUTPUT CURRENT
V
IN
V
OUT
2.5 V
Source @ 25°C101010mA
Source T
MIN
to T
MAX
55 5mA
Sink T
MIN
to T
MAX
55 5mA
TEMPERATURE RANGE
Operating 0 70 0 70 0 70 °C
Storage –65 +175 –65 +175 –65 +175 °C
PACKAGE OPTION
3
TO-99 (H-08A) AD584JH AD584KH AD584LH
Plastic (N-8) AD584JN AD584KN
NOTES
1
At Pin 1.
2
Calculated as average over the operating temperature range.
3
H = Hermetic Metal Can; N = Plastic DIP.
Specifications subject to change without notice.
Specifications shown in boldface are tested on all production units at final electrical
test. Results from those tests are used to calculate outgoing quality levels. All min
and max specifications are guaranteed, although only those shown in boldface are
tested on all production units.
REV. B –3–
AD584
Model AD584S AD584T
Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Unit
OUTPUT VOLTAGE TOLERANCE
Maximum Error
1
for Nominal
Outputs of:
10.000 V 30 10 mV
7.500 V 20 8mV
5.000 V 15
±
6mV
2.500 V 7.5 3.5 mV
OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE
Maximum Deviation from 25°C
Value, T
MIN
to T
MAX2
10.000 V, 7.500 V, 5.000 V Outputs 30 15 ppm/°C
2.500 V Output 30 20 ppm/°C
Differential Temperature
Coefficients Between Outputs 5 3 ppm/°C
QUIESCENT CURRENT 0.75 1.0 0.75 1.0 mA
Temperature Variation 1.5 1.5 µA/°C
TURN-ON SETTLING TIME TO 0.1% 200 200 µs
NOISE
(0.1 Hz to 10 Hz) 50 50 µV p-p
LONG-TERM STABILITY 25 25 ppm/1000 Hrs
SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT 30 30 mA
LINE REGULATION (No Load)
15 V V
IN
30 V 0.002 0.002 %/V
(V
OUT
2.5 V) V
IN
15 V 0.005 0.005 %/V
LOAD REGULATION
0 I
OUT
5 mA, All Outputs 20 50 20 50 ppm/mA
OUTPUT CURRENT
V
IN
V
OUT
2.5 V
Source @ 25°C1010mA
Source T
MIN
to T
MAX
55mA
Sink T
MIN
to T
MAX
55mA
TEMPERATURE RANGE
Operating –55 +125 –55 +125 °C
Storage –65 +175 –65 +175 °C
PACKAGE OPTION
TO-99 (H-08A) AD584SH AD584TH
NOTES
1
At Pin 1.
2
Calculated as average over the operating temperature range.
Specifications subject to change without notice.
Specifications shown in boldface are tested on all production units at final electrical
test. Results from those tests are used to calculate outgoing quality levels. All min
and max specifications are guaranteed, although only those shown in boldface are
tested on all production units.
REV. B
AD584
–4–
CAUTION
ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily
accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although
the AD584 features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices
subjected to high-energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are
recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality.
WARNING!
ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Input Voltage V
IN
to Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 V
Power Dissipation
@ 25°C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600 mW
Operating Junction Temperature Range . . . –55°C to +125°C
Lead Temperature (Soldering 10 sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300°C
Thermal Resistance
Junction-to-Ambient (H-08A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150°C/W
METALIZATION PHOTOGRAPH
Dimensions shown in inches and (mm).
ORDERING GUIDE
Ouput Temperature No. of Temperature
Voltage Initial Accuracy Coefficient Package Package Parts per Range
Model V
O
mV % ppm/C Description Option Package C
AD584L 2.5 ±2.5 0.10 10 TO-99 H-8 100 0 to 70
AD584K 2.5 ±3.5 0.14 15 TO-99, Plastic H-8, N-8 100, 48 0 to 70
AD584T 2.5 ±3.5 0.14 20 TO-99 H-8 100 –55 to +125
AD584S 2.5 ±7.5 0.30 30 TO-99 H-8 100 –55 to +125
AD584J 2.5 ±7.5 0.30 30 TO-99, Plastic H-8, N-8 100, 48 0 to 70
AD584L 5 ±3 0.06 5 TO-99 H-8 100 0 to 70
AD584K 5 ±6 0.12 15 TO-99, Plastic H-8, N-8 100, 48 0 to 70
AD584T 5 ±6 0.12 15 TO-99 H-8 100 –55 to +125
AD584S 5 ±15 0.30 30 TO-99 H-8 48 –55 to +125
AD584J 5 ±15 0.30 30 TO-99, Plastic H-8, N-8 100, 48 0 to 70
AD584L 7.50 ±4 0.05 5 TO-99 H-8 100 0 to 70
AD584K 7.50 ±8 0.11 15 TO-99, Plastic H-8, N-8 100, 48 0 to 70
AD584T 7.50 ±8 0.11 15 TO-99 H-8 100 –55 to +125
AD584S 7.50 ±20 0.27 30 TO-99 H-8 100 –55 to +125
AD584J 7.50 ±20 0.27 30 TO-99, Plastic H-8, N-8 100, 48 0 to 70
AD584L 10.00 ±5 0.05 5 TO-99 H-8 100 0 to 70
AD584K 10.00 ±10 0.10 15 TO-99, Plastic H-8, N-8 100, 48 0 to 70
AD584T 10.00 ±10 0.10 15 TO-99 H-8 100 –55 to +125
AD584S 10.00 ±30 0.30 30 TO-99 H-8 100 –55 to +125
AD584J 10.00 ±30 0.30 30 TO-99, Plastic H-8, N-8 100, 48 0 to 70
REV. B
AD584
–5–
APPLYING THE AD584
With power applied to Pins 8 and 4 and all other pins open, the
AD584 will produce a buffered nominal 10.0 V output between
Pins 1 and 4 (see Figure 1). The stabilized output voltage may be
reduced to 7.5 V, 5.0 V, or 2.5 V by connecting the program-
ming pins as follows:
Output
Voltage Pin Programming
7.5 V Join the 2.5 V and 5.0 V pins (2) and (3).
5.0 V Connect the 5.0 V pin (2) to the output pin (1).
2.5 V Connect the 2.5 V pin (3) to the output pin (1).
The options shown above are available without the use of any addi-
tional components. Multiple outputs using only one AD584, are
also possible by simply buffering each voltage programming pin
with a unity-gain noninverting op amp.
Figure 1. Variable Output Options
The AD584 can also be programmed over a wide range of output
voltages, including voltages greater than 10 V, by the addition of
one or more external resistors. Figure 1 illustrates the general adjust-
ment procedure, with approximate values given for the internal
resistors of the AD584. The AD584 may be modeled as an op amp
with a noninverting feedback connection, driven by a high stability
1.215 V bandgap reference (see Figure 3 for schematic).
When the feedback ratio is adjusted with external resistors, the
output amplifier can be made to multiply the reference voltage by
almost any convenient amount, making popular outputs of 10.24 V,
5.12 V, 2.56 V, or 6.3 V easy to obtain. The most general adjust-
ment (which gives the greatest range and poorest resolution) uses
R1 and R2 alone (see Figure 1). As R1 is adjusted to its upper limit
the 2.5 V Pin 3 will be connected to the output, which will reduce
to 2.5 V. As R1 is adjusted to its lower limit, the output voltage
will rise to a value limited by R2. For example, if R2 is about 6 k,
the upper limit of the output range will be about 20 V even for large
values of R1. R2 should not be omitted; its value should be chosen
to limit the output to a value which can be tolerated by the load
circuits. If R2 is zero, adjusting R1 to its lower limit will result in a
loss of control over the output voltage. If precision voltages are
required to be set at levels other than the standard outputs, the
20% absolute tolerance in the internal resistor ladder must be
accounted for.
Alternatively, the output voltage can be raised by loading the 2.5 V
tap with R3 alone. The output voltage can be lowered by connect-
ing R4 alone. Either of these resistors can be a fixed resistor selected
by test or an adjustable resistor. In all cases the resistors should
have a low temperature coefficient to match the AD584 internal
resistors, which have a negative TC less than 60 ppm/°C. If both
R3 and R4 are used, these resistors should have matched tempera-
ture coefficients.
When only small adjustments or trims are required, the circuit of
Figure 2 offers better resolution over a limited trim range. The
circuit can be programmed to 5.0 V, 7.5 V, or 10 V and adjusted
by means of R1 over a range of about ±200 mV. To trim the 2.5 V
output option, R2 (Figure 2) can be reconnected to the bandgap
reference (Pin 6). In this configuration, the adjustment should be
limited to ±100 mV in order to avoid affecting the performance of
the AD584.
Figure 2. Output Trimming
Figure 3. Schematic Diagram
REV. B
AD584
–6–
PERFORMANCE OVER TEMPERATURE
Each AD584 is tested at three temperatures over the –55°C to
+125°C range to ensure that each device falls within the Maximum
Error Band (see Figure 4) specified for a particular grade (i.e.,
S and T grades); three-point measurement guarantees performance
within the error band from 0°C to 70°C (i.e., J, K, or L grades).
The error band guaranteed for the AD584 is the maximum devia-
tion from the initial value at 25°C. Thus, given the grade of the
AD584, the designer can easily determine the maximum total error
from initial tolerance plus temperature variation. For example, for
the AD584T, the initial tolerance is ±10 mV and the error band
is ±15 mV. Hence, the unit is guaranteed to be 10.000 V ±25 mV
from –55°C to +125°C.
Figure 4. Typical Temperature Characteristic
OUTPUT CURRENT CHARACTERISTICS
The AD584 has the capability to either source or sink current and
provide good load regulation in either direction, although it has
better characteristics in the source mode (positive current into the
load). The circuit is protected for shorts to either positive supply
or ground. The output voltage versus output current character-
istics of the device is shown in Figure 5. Source current is
displayed as negative current in the figure; sink current is posi-
tive. Note that the short circuit current (i.e., zero volts output)
is about 28 mA; when shorted to 15 V, the sink current goes to
about 20 mA.
Figure 5. AD584 Output Voltage vs. Sink and Source
Current
DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE
Many low power instrument manufacturers are becoming increas-
ingly concerned with the turn-on characteristics of the components
being used in their systems. Fast turn-on components often enable
the end user to keep power off when not needed, and yet respond
quickly when the power is turned on for operation. Figure 6 displays
the turn-on characteristic of the AD584. Figure 6a is generated
from cold-start operation and represents the true turn-on wave-
form after an extended period with the supplies off. The figure
shows both the coarse and fine transient characteristics of the device;
the total settling time to within ±10 mV is about 180 µs, and
there is no long thermal tail appearing after the point.
Figure 6. Output Settling Characteristic
NOISE FILTERING
The bandwidth of the output amplifier in the AD584 can be reduced
to filter the output noise. A capacitor ranging between 0.01 µF and
0.1 µF connected between the Cap and V
BG
terminals will further
reduce the wideband and feedthrough noise in the output of the
AD584, as shown in Figure 8. However, this will tend to increase
the turn-on settling time of the device so ample warm-up time
should be allowed.
Figure 7. Additional Noise Filtering with an External
Capacitor
Figure 8. Spectral Noise Density and Total rms Noise vs.
Frequency
REV. B
AD584
–7–
USING THE STROBE TERMINAL
The AD584 has a strobe input which can be used to zero the output.
This unique feature permits a variety of new applications in signal
and power conditioning circuits.
Figure 9 illustrates the strobe connection. A simple NPN switch
can be used to translate a TTL logic signal into a strobe of the
output. The AD584 operates normally when there is no current
drawn from Pin 5. Bringing this terminal low, to less than 200 mV,
will allow the output voltage to go to zero. In this mode the AD584
should not be required to source or sink current (unless a 0.7 V
residual output is permissible). If the AD584 is required to sink
a transient current while strobed off, the strobe terminal input cur-
rent should be limited by a 100 resistor as shown in Figure 9.
The strobe terminal will tolerate up to 5 µA leakage and its driver
should be capable of sinking 500 µA continuous. A low leakage
open collector gate can be used to drive the strobe terminal
directly, provided the gate can withstand the AD584 output
voltage plus 1 V.
Figure 9. Use of the Strobe Terminal
PRECISION HIGH CURRENT SUPPLY
The AD584 can be easily connected to a power PNP or power
Darlington PNP device to provide much greater output current
capability. The circuit shown in Figure 10 delivers a precision 10 V
output with up to 4 amperes supplied to the load. The 0.1 µF
capacitor is required only if the load has a significant capacitive
component. If the load is purely resistive, improved high frequency
supply rejection results from removing the capacitor.
Figure 10. High Current Precision Supply
The AD584 can also use an NPN or Darlington NPN transistor
to boost its output current. Simply connect the 10 V output termi-
nal of the AD584 to the base of the NPN booster and take the
output from the booster emitter as shown in Figure 11. The 5.0 V
or 2.5 V pin must connect to the actual output in this configu-
ration. Variable or adjustable outputs (as shown in Figures 1
and 2) may be combined with 5.0 V connection to obtain outputs
above 5.0 V.
THE AD584 AS A CURRENT LIMITER
The AD584 represents an alternative to current limiter diodes which
require factory selection to achieve a desired current. Use of current
limiting diodes often results in temperature coefficients of 1%/°C.
Use of the AD584 in this mode is not limited to a set current limit;
it can be programmed from 0.75 mA to 5 mA with the insertion
of a single external resistor (see Figure 12). Of course, the mini-
mum voltage required to drive the connection is 5 V.
Figure 11. NPN Output Current Booster
Figure 12. A Two-Component Precision Current Limiter
NEGATIVE REFERENCE VOLTAGES FROM AN AD584
The AD584 can also be used in a two-terminal “Zener” mode
to provide a precision –10 V, –7.5 V, or –5.0 V reference. As
shown in Figure 13, the V
IN
and V
OUT
terminals are connected
together to the positive supply (in this case, ground). The AD584
common pin is connected through a resistor to the negative supply.
The output is now taken from the common pin instead of V
OUT
.
With 1 mA flowing through the AD584 in this mode, a typical
unit will show a 2 mV increase in output level over that produced
in the three-terminal mode. Note also that the effective output
impedance in this connection increases from 0.2 typical to 2 .
It is essential to arrange the output load and the supply resistor,
R
S
, so that the net current through the AD584 is always between
1 mA and 5 mA (between 2 mA and 5 mA for operation beyond
85°C). The temperature characteristics and long-term stability of
the device will be essentially the same as that of a unit used in the
standard three-terminal mode.
REV. B
AD584
–8–
Figure 13. Two-Terminal –5 V Reference
The AD584 can also be used in a two-terminal mode to develop
a positive reference. V
IN
and V
OUT
are tied together and to the
positive supply through an appropriate supply resistor. The perfor-
mance characteristics will be similar to those of the negative
two-terminal connection. The only advantage of this connection
over the standard three-terminal connection is that a lower primary
supply can be used, as low as 0.5 V above the desired output
voltage. This type of operation will require considerable attention
to load and primary supply regulation to be sure the AD584 always
remains within its regulating range of 1 mA to 5 mA (2 mA to 5 mA
for operation beyond 85°C).
10 V REFERENCE WITH MULTIPLYING CMOS D/A OR
A/D CONVERTERS
The AD584 is ideal for application with the entire AD7520 series
of 10- and 12-bit multiplying CMOS D/A converters, especially
for low power applications. It is equally suitable for the AD7574
8-bit A/D converter. In the standard hook-up as shown in Figure 14,
the standard output voltages are inverted by the amplifier/DAC
configuration to produce converted voltage ranges. For example, a
+10 V reference produces a 0 V to –10 V range. If an AD308 ampli-
fier is used, total quiescent supply current will typically be 2 mA.
Figure 15. Precision 12-Bit D/A Converter
The AD584 will normally be used in the –10 V mode with the
AD7574 to give a 0 V to +10 V ADC range. This is shown in
Figure 16. Bipolar output applications and other operating details
can be found in the data sheets for the CMOS products.
Figure 14. Low Power 10-Bit CMOS DAC Application
PRECISION D/A CONVERTER REFERENCE
The AD562, like many D/A converters, is designed to operate with
a 10 V reference element (Figure 15). In the AD562, this 10 V
reference voltage is converted into a reference current of approxi-
mately 0.5 mA via the internal 19.95 k resistor (in series with
the external 100 trimmer). The gain temperature coefficient of
the AD562 is primarily governed by the temperature tracking of
the 19.95 k resistor and the 5 k/10 k span resistors; this
gain TC is guaranteed to 3 ppm/°C. Thus, using the AD584L
(at 5 ppm/°C) as the 10 V reference guarantees a maximum
full-scale temperature coefficient of 8 ppm/°C over the commer-
cial range. The 10 V reference also supplies the normal 1 mA
REV. B
AD584
–9–
bipolar offset current through the 9.95 k bipolar offset resistor.
The bipolar offset TC thus depends only on the TC matching
of the bipolar offset resistor to the input reference resistor and is
guaranteed to 3 ppm/°C. Figure 17 demonstrates the flexibility
of the AD584 applied to another popular D/A configuration.
Figure 16. AD584 as Negative 10 V Reference for CMOS
ADC
Figure 17. Current Output 8-Bit D/A
REV. B
AD584
–10–
TO-99 Package
(H-8)
45°
EQUALLY
SPACED
0.034 (0.86)
0.027 (0.69)
0.045 (1.1)
0.020 (0.51)
6
28
7
5
4
3
1
0.2
(5.1)
TYP
0.5 (12.70)
MIN
0.185 (4.70)
0.165 (4.19)
INSULATION
0.05 (1.27) MAX 0.019 (0.48)
0.016 (0.41)
8 LEADS
DIA
0.04 (1.0) MAX
SEATING PLANE
0.335 (8.50)
0.305 (7.75)
0.370 (9.40)
0.335 (8.50)
Plastic DIP Package
(N-8)
0.39 (9.91)
MAX
8
14
5
PIN 1 0.10 (2.54)
TYP
0.25
(6.35)
0.31
(7.87)
SEATING
PLANE
0.125 (3.18)
MIN
0.165 0.01
(4.19 0.25)
0.035 0.01
(0.89 0.25)
0.18 0.03
(4.57 0.76)
0.018 0.003
(0.46 0.08)
0.033
(0.84)
NOM
0.30 (7.62)
REF
0-15
0.011 0.003
(0.28 0.08)
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
Dimensions shown in inches and (mm).
–11–
–12–
C00527e–0–7/01(B)
PRINTED IN U.S.A.