TL431 TL432 Programmable voltage reference Features Adjustable output voltage: 2.5 to 36 V Sink current capability: 1 to 100 mA Typical output impedance: 0.22 1% and 2% voltage precision Automotive temp. range - 40 C to +125 C Z TO-92 (Plastic package) L SOT23-3 Applications Power supply Industrial Automotive L SOT23-5 Description The TL431 and TL432 are programmable shunt voltage references with guaranteed temperature stability over the entire operating temperature range. The device temperature range is extended for the automotive version from -40 C up to +125 C. The output voltage can be set to any value between 2.5 and 36 V with two external resistors. The TL431 and TL432 operate with a wide current range from 1 to 100 mA with a typical dynamic impedance of 0.22 . November 2011 Doc ID 4467 Rev 10 C SOT323-6 D SO-8 (Batwing plastic micropackage) 1/21 www.st.com 21 Contents TL431, TL432 Contents 1 Schematic diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3.1 4 Reference input voltage deviation over temperature range . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4.1 SO-8 package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 4.2 TO-92 ammopack and tape and reel package information . . . . . . . . . . . 13 4.3 TO-92 (bulk) package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 4.4 SOT23-3 package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.5 SOT23-5 package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 4.6 SOT323-6 package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 5 Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 6 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2/21 Doc ID 4467 Rev 10 TL431, TL432 1 Schematic diagrams Schematic diagrams Figure 1. TO-92 pin connections (top view) Figure 2. SO-8 batwing pin connections (top view) SO8 Cathode 1 8 Ref Anode 2 7 Anode 3 6 NC 4 Figure 3. 5 NC SOT23-5 and SOT23-3 pin connections (top view) SOT23-5 NC 1 NC 2 Cathode 3 SOT23-3 5 Anode Cathode 1 4 Ref Ref 2 3 Anode TL431 TL431 Figure 4. SOT323-6 pin connections (top view) Figure 5. TL431 and TL432 block diagram TL432 Cathode Ref Vref Anode Doc ID 4467 Rev 10 3/21 Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions 2 TL431, TL432 Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions Table 1. Absolute maximum ratings Symbol VKA Parameter Cathode to anode voltage Value Unit 37 V Ik Continuous cathode current range -100 to +150 mA Iref Reference input current range -0.05 to +10 mA Rthja Thermal resistance junction to ambient(1) TO-92 SO-8 batwing SOT23-3L SOT23-5L SOT323-6L 200 85 248 157 221 Rthjc Thermal resistance junction to case (1) SO-8 batwing SOT23-3L SOT23-5L SOT323-6L 30 136 67 110 Tstg Storage temperature range TJ ESD Junction temperature TL431IY, TL431AIY-T: HBM (human body model) TL431-TL432: HBM (human body model) MM: machine model (3) CDM: charged device model (4) (2) C/W C/W -65 to +150 C 150 C 3000 2000 200 1500 V 1. Short-circuits can cause excessive heating. These values are typical. 2. Human body model: a 100 pF capacitor is charged to the specified voltage, then discharged through a 1.5 k resistor between two pins of the device. This is done for all couples of connected pin combinations while the other pins are floating. 3. Machine model: a 200 pF capacitor is charged to the specified voltage, then discharged directly between two pins of the device with no external series resistor (internal resistor < 5 ). This is done for all couples of connected pin combinations while the other pins are floating. 4. Charged device model: all pins and the package are charged together to the specified voltage and then discharged directly to the ground through only one pin. This is done for all pins. Table 2. Operating conditions Symbol VKA Ik Toper 4/21 Parameter Value Unit Cathode to anode voltage Vref to 36 V Cathode current 1 to 100 mA 0 to +70 -40 to +105 -40 to +125 C Operating free-air temperature range TL431C/AC TL431I/AI - TL432I/AI TL431IY/AIY Doc ID 4467 Rev 10 TL431, TL432 Electrical characteristics 3 Electrical characteristics Table 3. TL431C: 0 C to 70 C (Tamb = 25 C unless otherwise specified) TL431C Symbol Unit Min. Vref Reference input voltage VKA = Vref, Ik = 10 mA, Tamb = 25 C Tmin Tamb Tmax Vref Reference input voltage deviation over temperature range (1) VKA = Vref, Ik = 10 mA, Tmin Tamb Tmax Vref -----------Vka Iref TL431AC Parameter Ratio of change in reference input voltage to change in cathode to anode voltage Ik = 10 mA - VKA = 10 V to Vref VKA = 36 V to 10 V Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. 2.44 2.495 2.55 2.47 2.495 2.52 2.423 2.567 2.453 2.537 mV 3 -2.7 -2 Reference input current Ik = 10 mA, R1 = 10 k, R2 = Tamb = 25 C Tmin Tamb Tmax 17 -1.4 -1 3 -2.7 -2 1.8 4 5.2 15 mV/V -1.4 -1 1.8 4 5.2 Reference input current deviation over temperature range Ik = 10 mA, R1 = 10 k, R2 = Tmin Tamb Tmax 0.4 1.2 0.4 1.2 Imin Minimum cathode current for regulation VKA = Vref 0.5 1 0.5 0.6 Ioff Off-state cathode current 2.6 1000 2.6 1000 0.22 0.5 0.22 0.5 Iref ZKA V A (2) Dynamic impedance VKA = Vref, Ik = 1 to 100 mA, f 1 kHZ A mA nA 1. See definition of Section 3.1: Reference input voltage deviation over temperature range. V KA 2. The dynamic impedance is defined as |ZKA| = --------------- I k Doc ID 4467 Rev 10 5/21 Electrical characteristics Table 4. TL431, TL432 TL431I/TL432I: -40 C to 105 C, Tamb = 25C (unless otherwise specified) TL431I/TL432I Symbol Unit Min. Vref Reference input voltage VKA = Vref, Ik = 10 mA, Tamb = 25 C Tmin Tamb Tmax Vref Reference input voltage deviation over temperature range (1) VKA = Vref, Ik =10 mA, Tmin Tamb Tmax Vref -----------Vka Ratio of change in reference input voltage to change in cathode to anode voltage Ik = 10 mA, VKA = 10 V to Vref VKA = 36 V to 10 V Iref Iref TL431AI/TL432AI Parameter Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. 2.44 2.495 2.55 2.41 2.58 2.47 2.495 2.52 2.44 2.55 V 7 7 mV -2.7 -2 Reference input current Ik = 10 mA, R1 = 10 k, R2 = Tamb = 25 C Tmin Tamb Tmax Reference input current deviation over temperature range Ik = 10 mA, R1 = 10 k, R2 = Tmin Tamb Tmax 30 -1.4 -1 -2.7 -2 30 -1.4 -1 mV/V 1.8 4 6.5 1.8 4 6.5 A 0.8 2.5 0.8 1.2 A Imin Minimum cathode current for regulation VKA = Vref 0.5 1 0.5 0.7 mA Ioff Off-state cathode current 2.6 1000 2.6 1000 nA 0.22 0.5 0.22 0.5 ZKA (2) Dynamic impedance VKA = Vref, Ik = 1 to 100 mA, f 1 kHZ 1. See definition of Section 3.1: Reference input voltage deviation over temperature range below. V KA 2. The dynamic impedance is defined as |ZKA| = --------------- I k 6/21 Doc ID 4467 Rev 10 TL431, TL432 Table 5. Electrical characteristics TL431IY: -40 C to 125 C, Tamb = 25C (unless otherwise specified) TL431IY Symbol Unit Min. Vref Reference input voltage VKA = Vref, Ik = 10 mA Tmin Tamb Tmax Vref Reference input voltage deviation over temperature range (1) VKA = Vref, Ik = 10 mA, Tmin Tamb Tmax Vref -----------Vka Ratio of change in reference input voltage to change in cathode to anode voltage Ik = 10 mA, VKA = 10 V to Vref Ik = 10 mA, VKA = 36 V to 10 V Iref Reference input current Ik = 10 mA, R1 = 10 k, R2 = Tmin Tamb Tmax Iref Reference input current deviation over temperature range Ik = 10 mA, R1 = 10 k, R2 = , Tmin Tamb Tmax Imin Minimum cathode current for regulation VKA = Vref Ioff Off-state cathode current Tmin Tamb Tmax ZKA TL431AIY Parameter Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. 2.44 2.495 2.55 2.41 2.58 2.47 2.495 2.52 2.44 2.55 V 7 7 mV -2.7 -2 Dynamic impedance (2) VKA = Vref, Ik = 1 to 100 mA, F 1 kHz 30 -1.4 -1 -2.7 -2 30 -1.4 -1 mV/V 1.8 4 6.5 1.8 4 6.5 A 0.8 2.5 0.8 1.2 A 0.5 1 0.5 0.6 mA 2.6 1000 3000 2.6 1000 3000 nA 0.22 0.5 0.22 0.5 1. See definition of Section 3.1: Reference input voltage deviation over temperature range below. V KA 2. The dynamic impedance is defined as |ZKA| = --------------- I k 3.1 Reference input voltage deviation over temperature range Vref is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the full temperature range. Vref = Vref max - Vref min Figure 6. Reference input voltage deviation over temperature range Doc ID 4467 Rev 10 7/21 Electrical characteristics Figure 7. TL431, TL432 Test circuit for VKA = Vref Figure 8. Test circuit for programming mode Input Input R Output R IK Output R1 IK=10mA VKA IREF R2 VKA VREF VREF VKA = VREF ( 1 + R1 ------- ) + R1 x IREF R2 Figure 9. Test circuit for Ioff Figure 10. Test circuit for phase margin and voltage gain VKA=36V 10F 10F 1 mA 0 mA 8/21 Output IK=1mA Doc ID 4467 Rev 10 Output Figure 11. Test circuit for response time 8.25k Input IK=10mA 15k IOFF VREF TL431, TL432 Electrical characteristics Figure 12. Reference voltage vs. temperature Figure 13. Reference voltage vs. cathode current Cathode voltage VKA (V) 2.54 VKA = VREF IK = 10 mA 2.52 2.50 2.48 2.46 2.44 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Temperature (C) Figure 14. Zoom on reference voltage vs. cathode current Figure 15. Reference current vs. temperature Reference current IREF (A) 2.0 IK =10 mA R 1 =10k R2= + 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Temperature C Figure 16. Off-state cathode current vs. temperature Figure 17. Ratio of change in Vref to change in VKA vs. temperature 0.0 V KA = 36 V V REF = 0 V VREF / VKA (mV / V) Off-state current IOFF (A) 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -40 IK = 10 mA -0.5 -1.0 -1.5 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 -2.0 -40 Temperature ( C) -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Temperature ( C) Doc ID 4467 Rev 10 9/21 Electrical characteristics TL431, TL432 Figure 18. Static impedance RKA vs. temperature Figure 19. Minimum operating current vs. temperature 0.6 Minimum cathode current IMIN (mA) Static impedance RKA () 0.20 V KA=V REF 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.10 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0.4 V KA = V REF 0.2 0.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Temperature ( C) Temperature ( C) Figure 20. Gain and phase vs. frequency Figure 21. Stability behavior with capacitive loads Figure 22. Maximum power dissipation Figure 23. Pulse response for Ik = 1 mA 10/21 Doc ID 4467 Rev 10 TL431, TL432 4 Package information Package information In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK(R) packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK(R) specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK(R) is an ST trademark. Doc ID 4467 Rev 10 11/21 Package information 4.1 TL431, TL432 SO-8 package information Figure 24. SO-8 package mechanical drawing Table 6. SO-8 package mechanical data Dimensions Ref. Millimeters Min. Typ. A Max. Min. Typ. 1.75 0.25 Max. 0.069 A1 0.10 A2 1.25 b 0.28 0.48 0.011 0.019 c 0.17 0.23 0.007 0.010 D 4.80 4.90 5.00 0.189 0.193 0.197 E 5.80 6.00 6.20 0.228 0.236 0.244 E1 3.80 3.90 4.00 0.150 0.154 0.157 e 0.004 0.010 0.049 1.27 0.050 h 0.25 0.50 0.010 0.020 L 0.40 1.27 0.016 0.050 L1 k ccc 12/21 Inches 1.04 0 0.040 8 0.10 Doc ID 4467 Rev 10 0 8 0.004 TL431, TL432 4.2 Package information TO-92 ammopack and tape and reel package information Figure 25. TO-92 ammopack and tape and reel package mechanical drawing Table 7. TO-92 ammopack and tape and reel package mechanical data Millimeters Inches Dim. Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. A1 5.0 0.197 A 5.0 0.197 T 4.0 0.157 d 0.45 0.018 I1 2.5 0.098 P 11.7 12.7 13.7 0.461 0.500 0.539 PO 12.4 12.7 13 0.488 0.500 0.512 P2 5.95 6.35 6.75 0.234 0.250 0.266 F1/F2 2.4 2.5 2.8 0.094 0.098 0.110 h -1 0 1 -0.039 0 0.039 P -1 0 1 -0.039 0 0.039 W 17.5 18.0 19.0 0.689 0.709 0.748 W0 5.7 6 6.3 0.224 0.236 0.248 W1 8.5 9 9.75 0.335 0.354 0.384 W2 0.5 0.020 H 20 0.787 H0 15.5 16 H1 DO L1 16.5 0.610 0.630 25 3.8 4.0 4.2 11 Doc ID 4467 Rev 10 0.650 0.984 0.150 0.157 0.165 0.433 13/21 Package information 4.3 TL431, TL432 TO-92 (bulk) package information Figure 26. TO-92 bulk package mechanical drawing 0067407_H Table 8. TO-92 bulk package mechanical data Millimeters Inches Dim. Min. A Typ. Min. 1.35 B Typ. Max. 0.053 4.70 C 14/21 Max. 0.185 2.54 0.100 D 4.40 0.173 E 12.70 0.500 F 3.70 0.146 a 0.5 0.019 Doc ID 4467 Rev 10 TL431, TL432 4.4 Package information SOT23-3 package information Figure 27. SOT23-3 package mechanical drawing Table 9. SOT23-3 package mechanical data Dimensions Millimeters Inches Ref. Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. A 0.89 1.12 0.035 0.044 A1 0.01 0.10 0.0004 0.004 A2 0.88 1.02 0.035 b 0.30 0.50 0.012 0.020 c 0.08 0.20 0.003 0.008 D 2.80 3.04 0.110 E 2.10 2.64 0.083 E1 1.20 1.40 0.047 0.95 2.90 1.30 0.037 0.114 0.051 0.95 0.037 e1 1.90 0.075 0.40 L1 k 0.50 0.60 0.54 0d 0.016 0.120 0.104 e L 0.040 0.020 0.055 0.024 0.021 8d Doc ID 4467 Rev 10 15/21 Package information 4.5 TL431, TL432 SOT23-5 package information Figure 28. SOT23-5 package mechanical drawing 7049676_I Table 10. SOT23-5 package mechanical data Dimensions Ref. Millimeters Min. A Typ. 0.90 A1 Max. Min. 1.45 0.035 Typ. Max. 0.057 0.15 0.006 A2 0.90 1.30 0.035 0.051 b 0.35 0.50 0.014 0.020 c 0.09 0.20 0.004 0.008 D 2.80 3.05 0.110 0.120 E 1.50 1.75 0.059 0.069 e 16/21 Inches 0.95 0.037 H 2.60 3.00 0.102 0.118 L 0.10 0.60 0.004 0.024 0 degrees 10 degrees Doc ID 4467 Rev 10 TL431, TL432 4.6 Package information SOT323-6 package information Figure 29. SOT323-6 package mechanical drawing 7095021_E Table 11. SOT323-6 package mechanical data Dimensions Ref. Millimeters Min. Typ. Inches Max. Min. 0.031 Typ. Max. A 0.80 1.10 A1 0 0.10 A2 0.80 1.00 0.031 0.039 b 0.15 0.30 0.006 0.012 c 0.10 0.18 0.004 0.007 D 1.80 2.20 0.071 0.087 E 1.15 1.35 0.045 0.053 e 0.043 0.004 0.65 0.026 HE 1.80 2.40 0.071 0.094 L 0.10 0.40 0.004 0.016 Q1 0.10 0.40 0.004 0.016 Doc ID 4467 Rev 10 17/21 Ordering information TL431, TL432 5 Ordering information Table 12. Order codes Order code TL431CD TL431CDT Accuracy (%) Temperature range Package Packing SO-8 Tube or Tape and reel 431C 2 TL431ACD TL431ACDT 1 TL431CZ TL431CZT TL431CZ-AP 2 431AC TL431C TO-92 TL431ACZ TL431ACZT TL431ACZ-AP 1 TL431CL3T 2 Marking Bulk or Tape or Ammopack 0C to +70C TL431AC L19 SOT23-3 TL431ACL3T 1 TL431CL5T 2 L18 L19 SOT23-5 TL431ACL5T 1 TL431CCT 2 Tape L18 31C SOT323-6 TL431ACCT 1 TL431ID TL431IDT 2 31C 431I SO-8 TL431AID TL431AIDT 1 TL431IZ TL431IZT TL431IZ-AP 2 431AI TL431I TO-92 TL431AIZ TL431AIZT TL431AIZ-AP 1 TL431IL3T 2 Tube or tape and reel Bulk or Tape or Ammopack TL431AI -40C to + 105C L17 SOT23-3 TL431AIL3T 1 TL432IL3T 2 L16 32I SOT23-3 TL432AIL3T 1 32AI Tape TL431IL5T 2 L17 SOT23-5 TL431AIL5T 1 TL431ICT 2 L16 31I SOT323-6 TL431AICT 18/21 1 31I Doc ID 4467 Rev 10 TL431, TL432 Table 12. Ordering information Order codes (continued) Order code TL431IYD (1) TL431IYDT (1) TL431AIYD (1) TL431AIYDT (1) Accuracy (%) Temperature range Package Packing -40C to + 125C SO-8 (Automotive grade level) Tube or tape and reel 2 1 Marking 431IY 431AIY 1. Qualification and characterization according to AEC Q100 and Q003 or equivalent, advanced screening according to AEC Q001 & Q 002 or equivalent. Doc ID 4467 Rev 10 19/21 Revision history TL431, TL432 6 Revision history Table 13. Document revision history Date Revision 01-Mar-2002 1 Initial release. 01-Nov-2005 2 PPAP references inserted in order codes table on cover page. 13-Dec-2006 3 Corrected TO-92 package information. 4 Specified that SO-8 package is batwing package. In electrical characteristics tables, moved negative values from max column to min column. Corrected captions of Figure 7 and of Figure 18. Added footnote to Table 8: TO-92 bulk package mechanical data. 5 Corrected SO-8 package mechanical data. Corrected footnote for automotive grade order codes in order code table. Corrected packing information for TO-92 devices in order code table. 08-Jun-2007 25-Feb-2008 Changes Changed IMIN to 0.6 mA in Table 3 and Table 4. Increased temperature range to 125C in temperature curves. Added Table 5, dedicated to automotive version. Increased high temperature for automotive range up to +125C in Table 5 and in Table 12: Order codes. Inserted accuracy column in Table 12. 04-Jun-2009 6 09-Jun-2009 7 Corrected minor error in package column in Table 12. 14-Mar-2011 8 Added Figure 3 on page 3, Section 4.4 on page 15 and Section 4.5 on page 16. 07-Oct-2011 9 Added new package mechanical data Table 11 on page 17 and Figure 29 on page 17. Updated Table 12 on page 18. 17-Nov-2011 10 Added new part number TL432, new order code Table 12 on page 18 and pin connection for TL432 Figure 3 on page 3. 20/21 Doc ID 4467 Rev 10 TL431, TL432 Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries ("ST") reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any time, without notice. All ST products are sold pursuant to ST's terms and conditions of sale. Purchasers are solely responsible for the choice, selection and use of the ST products and services described herein, and ST assumes no liability whatsoever relating to the choice, selection or use of the ST products and services described herein. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted under this document. 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