ADGS1208/ADGS1209 Data Sheet
Rev. 0 | Page 22 of 33
THEORY OF OPERATION
The ADGS1208/ADGS1209 are a set of serially controlled
analog multiplexers comprising eight single channels and four
differential channels, respectively, with error detection features.
SPI Mode 0 and SPI Mode 3 can be used with the devices, and
they operate with SCLK frequencies up to 50 MHz. The default
mode for the ADGS1208/ADGS1209 is address mode, in which
the registers of the device are accessed by a 16-bit SPI command
bounded by CS. The SPI command becomes 24-bit if the user
enables CRC error detection. Other error detection features include
SCLK count error and invalid read/write error. If any of these
SPI interface errors occur, they are detectable by reading the
error flags register. The ADGS1208/ADGS1209 can also operate
in two other modes, namely burst mode and daisy-chain mode.
The interface pins of the ADGS1208/ADGS1209 are CS, SCLK,
SDI, and SDO. Hold CS low when using the SPI interface. Data
is captured on SDI on the rising edge of SCLK, and data is
propagated out on SDO on the falling edge of SCLK. SDO has an
open-drain output; thus, connect a pull-up to this output. When
not pulled low by the ADGS1208/ADGS1209, SDO is in a high
impedance state.
ADDRESS MODE
Address mode is the default mode for the ADGS1208/ADGS1209
on power-up. A single SPI frame in address mode is bounded
by a CS falling edge and the succeeding CS rising edge. An SPI
frame is comprised of 16 SCLK cycles. The timing diagram for
address mode is shown in Figure 46. The first SDI bit indicates if
the SPI command is a read or write command. When the first
bit is set to 0, a write command is issued, and if the first bit is set
to 1, a read command is issued. The next seven bits determine the
target register address. The remaining eight bits provide the data
to the addressed register. The last eight bits are ignored during a
read command, because during these clock cycles, SDO
propagates out the data contained in the addressed register.
The target register address of an SPI command is determined on
the eighth SCLK rising edge. Data from this register propagates out
on SDO from the ninth to the 16th SCLK falling edge during SPI
reads. A register write occurs on the 16th SCLK rising edge
during SPI writes.
During any SPI command, SDO sends out eight alignment bits
on the first eight SCLK falling edges. The alignment bits observed
at SDO are 0x25.
ERROR DETECTION FEATURES
Protocol and communication errors on the SPI interface are
detectable. The three detectable errors are incorrect SCLK error
detection, invalid read and write address error detection, and
CRC error detection. Each error has a corresponding enable bit
in the error configuration register. In addition, there is an error
flag bit for each error in the error flags register.
Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) Error Detection
The CRC error detection feature extends a valid SPI frame by
eight SCLK cycles. These eight extra cycles are needed to send the
CRC byte for that SPI frame. The CRC byte is calculated by the SPI
block using the 16-bit payload: the R/W bit, Register Address
Bits[6:0], and Register Data Bits[7:0]. The CRC polynomial used
in the SPI block is x8 + x2 + x1 + 1 with a seed value of 0. For a
timing diagram with CRC enabled, see Figure 47. Register
writes occur at the 24th SCLK rising edge with CRC error
checking enabled.
During an SPI write, the microcontroller/CPU provides the
CRC byte through SDI. The SPI block checks the CRC byte just
before the 24th SCLK rising edge. On this same edge, the register
write is prevented if an incorrect CRC byte is received by the
SPI interface. In the case that an incorrect CRC byte is detected,
the CRC error flag is asserted in the error flags register.
During an SPI read, the CRC byte is provided to the
microcontroller through SDO.
The CRC error detection feature is disabled by default and can
be configured by the user through the error configuration register.
0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0SDO
R/W A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
SDI
CL
CS
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Figure 46. Address Mode Timing Diagram
0 0 1 D7 D6 D0 C7 C6 C5 C4 C3 C2 C1 C0SDO
R/W A6 A0 D7 D6 D0 C7 C6 C5 C4 C3 C2 C1 C0
1 2 8 9 10 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
SDI
SCLK
CS
16724-134
Figure 47. Timing Diagram with CRC Enabled