NOT RECOMMENDED FOR NEW DESIGN USE AS431 AP431/AP431A ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR Description Pin Assignments The AP431 and AP431A are 3-terminal adjustable precision shunt regulators with guaranteed temperature stability over the applicable extended commercial temperature range. The output voltage may be set at any level greater than 2.495V (VREF) up to 36V merely by selecting two external resistors that act as a voltage divider network. These devices have a typical output impedance of 0.2. Active output circuitry provides very sharp turn-on characteristics, making these devices excellent improved replacements for Zener diodes in many applications. (1) SOT25 (2) SO-8 (Top View) NC 5 1 NC (Top View) ANODE 2 CATHODE 4 3 REF CATHODE 1 8 REF ANODE 2 7 ANODE ANODE 3 6 ANODE NC 4 5 NC (3) SC59 (4) SC59R (Top View) The precise (+/-) 1% reference voltage tolerance of AP431/AP431A make it possible in many applications to avoid the use of a variable resistor, consequently saving cost and eliminating drift and reliability problems associated with it. CATHODE 1 REF 2 (5) SOT23 Precision Reference Voltage AP431: 2.495V 1% AP431A: 2.495V 0.5% Sink Current Capability: 200mA Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation: 300A Equivalent Full-Range Temp Coefficient: 30ppm/C Fast Turn-On Response Low Dynamic Output Impedance: 0.2 Programmable Output Voltage to 36V Low Output Noise Lead Free Packages: SOT25, SC59, SC59R, SOT89 and SO-8 Totally Lead-Free; RoHS Compliant (Notes 1 & 2) * SOT23, SOT23R, SOT25, SC59, SC59R, SO-8, SOT89: Available in "Green" Molding Compound (No Br, Sb). See "Ordering Information" Halogen and Antimony Free. "Green" Device (Note 3) 1 CATHODE 2 3 (Top View) REF 1 1 CATHODE ANODE (6) SOT23R (Top View) * * * * * * * * * * * REF 3 ANODE Features Notes: (Top View) the 3 ANODE 3 ANODE CATHODE 2 REF 2 (7) SOT89 (Top View) 1 2 3 REF Anode Cathode 1. No purposely added lead. Fully EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS) & 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) compliant. 2. See http://www.diodes.com for more information about Diodes Incorporated's definitions of Halogen- and Antimony-free, "Green" and Lead-free. 3. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green" products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total Br + Cl) and <1000ppm antimony compounds. AP431/AP431A Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2 1 of 17 www.diodes.com September 2014 (c) Diodes Incorporated NOT RECOMMENDED FOR NEW DESIGN USE AS431 AP431/AP431A Typical Applications Circuit VIN VOUT + R1 CIN + COUT AP431 R2 VOUT = (1 + R1/ R2) VREF Precision Regulator Symbol Cathode (C) REF (R) Anode (A) Functional Block Diagram REF (R) Cathode (C) + VREF Anode (A) AP431/AP431A Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2 2 of 17 www.diodes.com September 2014 (c) Diodes Incorporated NOT RECOMMENDED FOR NEW DESIGN USE AS431 AP431/AP431A Absolute Maximum Ratings (@TA = +25C, unless otherwise specified.) Parameter Rating Cathode Voltage Unit +36 V -10 to +250 mA Reference Input Current 10 mA Operating Temperature -20 to +85 C Storage Temperature -65 to +150 C SOT23(R) 400 mW SOT25 SC59(R) SO-8 SOT89 550 400 600 800 mW mW mW mW Continuous Cathode Current Power Dissipation (Notes 4, 5) Notes: 4. TJ, max = +150C. 5. Ratings apply to ambient temperature at +25C. Electrical Characteristics (@TA = +25C, VDD = 3V; unless otherwise specified.) Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units 2.470 2.482 2.495 2.520 2.507 V -- 8.0 20.0 mV VKA = VREF to 10V Ratio of the change in reference voltage to IKA = 10mA (Figure 2) the change in cathode voltage VKA = 10V to 36V -- -1.4 -2.0 mV/V -- -1 -2 mV/V Refernce input current R1 = 10K, R2 = IKA = 10mA (Figure 2) -- 1.4 3.5 A IREF Deviation of reference input current over temperature R1 = 10K, R2 = IKA = 10mA TA = Full range (Figure 2) -- 0.4 1.2 A IKA(MIN) Minimum cathode current for regulation VKA = VREF (Figure 1) -- 0.19 0.50 mA IKA(OFF) Off-state current VKA = 36V, VREF = 0V (Figure 3) -- 0.1 1.0 A Dynamic output impedance (Note 7) VKA = VREF VKA = VREF IKA = 0.1mA to 15mA Frequency 1KHz (Figure 1) -- 0.2 0.5 VREF Reference voltage VKA = VREF, AP431 IKA = 10mA (Figure 1) AP431A VDEV Deviation of reference input voltage over temperature (Note 5) VKA = VREF, IKA = 10mA TA = Full Range (Figure 1) VREF VKA IREF |ZKA| AP431/AP431A Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2 3 of 17 www.diodes.com September 2014 (c) Diodes Incorporated NOT RECOMMENDED FOR NEW DESIGN USE AS431 AP431/AP431A Electrical Characteristics (cont.) (@TA = +25C, VDD = 3V; unless otherwise specified.) VMAX VDEV = VMAX - VMIN VMIN T1 Temperature T2 Note: 6. Deviation of reference input voltage, VDEV, is defined as the maximum variation of the reference over the full temperature range. The average temperature coefficient of the reference input voltage VREF is defined as: VDEV ) 10 6 VREF (25C) ...................................................... ( ppm ) = C T2 - T1 ( VREF Where: T2 - T1 = full temperature change. VREF can be positive or negative depending on whether the slope is positive or negative. Note: 7. The dynamic output impedance, RZ, is defined as: ZKA = VKA IKA When the device is programmed with two external resistors R1 and R2 (see Figure 2.), the dynamic output impedance of the overall circuit, is defined as: ZKA ' = v ZKA i (1 + R1 ) R2 Test Conditions IN Input IKA VKA IKA VREF IN VKA R1 IREF R2 VREF VKA IZ(OFF) Note: VKA = VREF (1 + R1/R2) + IREF xR1 Figure. 1 Test Circuit for V KA = V REF AP431/AP431A Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2 Figure. 2 Test Circuit for VKA > VREF 4 of 17 www.diodes.com Figure. 3 Test Circuit for Off-State Current September 2014 (c) Diodes Incorporated NOT RECOMMENDED FOR NEW DESIGN USE AS431 AP431/AP431A Typical Performace Characteristics 100 VKA = VREF 600 CATHODE CURRENT(A) CATHODE CURRENT(mA) TA = 25 C 0 400 IKA(MIN) 200 0 -100 -1 -0.5 0.5 1.5 CATHODE VOLTAGE (V) Cathode Current vs. Cathode Voltage -200 -1 2.5 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 CATHODE VOLTAGE (V) Cathode Current (A) vs. Cathode Voltage 2.5 2 REFERENCE INPUT CURRENT(A) 250 CATHODE CURRENT(mA) VKA = VREF TA = 25C 2495 2490 2485 2480 -40 40 20 60 80 0 FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE (C) Reference Voltage vs. Free-Air Temperature -20 R1 = 10k IKA = 10mA 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE (V) Reverence Input Current vs. Free Temperature CHANGE in REFERENCE VOLTAGE (mV) 0 -2 IKA = 10mA TA = 25C -4 -6 -8 -10 -12 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 CATHODE VOLTAGE (V) Change in Reference Voltage vs. Cathode Voltage AP431/AP431A Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2 5 of 17 www.diodes.com September 2014 (c) Diodes Incorporated NOT RECOMMENDED FOR NEW DESIGN USE AS431 AP431/AP431A Typical Performance Characteristics (cont.) 100 VKA = VREF 600 CATHODE CURRENT(A) CATHODE CURRENT(mA) TA = 25 C 0 400 IKA(MIN) 200 0 -100 -1 -0.5 0.5 1.5 CATHODE VOLTAGE (V) Cathode Current vs. Cathode Voltage -200 -1 2.5 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 CATHODE VOLTAGE (V) Cathode Current (A) vs. Cathode Voltage 2.5 2 REFERENCE INPUT CURRENT(A) 250 CATHODE CURRENT(mA) VKA = VREF TA = 25C 2495 2490 2485 2480 -40 40 20 60 80 0 FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE (C) Reference Voltage vs. Free-Air Temperature -20 R1 = 10k IKA = 10mA 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE (V) Reverence Input Current vs. Free Temperature CHANGE in REFERENCE VOLTAGE (mV) 0 -2 IKA = 10mA TA = 25C -4 -6 -8 -10 -12 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 CATHODE VOLTAGE (V) Change in Reference Voltage vs. Cathode Voltage AP431/AP431A Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2 6 of 17 www.diodes.com September 2014 (c) Diodes Incorporated NOT RECOMMENDED FOR NEW DESIGN USE AS431 AP431/AP431A AV - SMALL SIGNAL VOLTAGE AMPLIFICATION (dB) Typical Performance Characteristics (cont.) 60 IKA = 10mA TA = 25C Output 50 15K 40 + 9F - IKA 232 + 30 8.25K - 20 GND 10 Test Circuit for Voltage Amplification 0 1K 1M 10M 100K f-FREQUENCY -Hz Small-Signal Voltage Amplification vs. Frequency 10K 100 ZKA REFERENCE IMPEDANCE IKA = 10mA TA = 25C 1K Output 10 IKA 50 1 GND Test Circuit for Reference Impedance 0 1K 10K 100K 1M f-FREQUENCY -Hz Reference Impedance vs. Frequency AP431/AP431A Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2 10M 7 of 17 www.diodes.com September 2014 (c) Diodes Incorporated NOT RECOMMENDED FOR NEW DESIGN USE AS431 AP431/AP431A Typical Performance Characteristics (cont.) 6 INPUT and OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) TA = 25C Input 5 220 Output 4 Pulse Generator f = 100kHz 3 50 Output 2 GND 1 Test Circuit for Pulse Response 0 -1 0 1 2 3 4 t- TIME (s) Pulse Response 5 6 7 100 IKA - CATHODE CURRENT (mA) 90 80 150 TA = 25C A VKA = VREF B VKA = 5V C VKA = 10V D VKA = 15V B IKA Stable 70 + CL VBATT - 60 C Stable 50 A 40 30 Test Circuit for Curve A D 20 10 0 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 CL - LOAD CAPACITANCE (F) R1 = 10K 10 IKA 150 CL Stability Boundary Conditions + The areas under the curves represent conditions that may cause the device to oscilate. For curves B, C, and D, R2 and V+ were adjusted to establish the initial VKA and IKA conditions with CL = 0. VBATT and CL were then adjusted to determine the ranges of stability. VBATT R2 - Test Circuit for Curve B, C, and D AP431/AP431A Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2 8 of 17 www.diodes.com September 2014 (c) Diodes Incorporated NOT RECOMMENDED FOR NEW DESIGN USE AS431 AP431/AP431A Application Examples VIN VIN RCL IOUT VIN R1A R2A R1B R R2B N OFF LED on when Low Limit < VIN < High Limit Low Limit VREF (1 + R1B/R2B) High Limit VREF (1 + R1A/R2A) + VIN IN - VREF ) (V Delay = RC x ln IOUT = VREF /R CL Fig 6. Current Limiter or Current Source Fig 5. Delay Timer Fig. 4 Voltage Monitor VIN VIN IOUT VOUT VIN VOUT PULSE R 1 R 1 R 2 R 2 RS IOUT = VREF / RS VOUT = (1 + R1/R2) x VREF Fig. 7 Constant-Current Sink Fig. 8 Higher-Current Shunt Regulator Limit (1 + R1/R2) x VREF Fig. 9 Crow Bar V IN R1A R1B Output ON when Low Limit < VIN < High Limit + R2A VBE R2B Low Limit VREF (1 + R1B/R2B) + VBE High Limit VREF (1 + R1A/R2A) Fig. 10 Over-Voltage/ Under-Voltage Protection Circuit Note: 12. Online application note, "Design Consideration with AP431 when used as a Comparator" URL: http://www.diodes.com/_files/products_appnote_pdfs/AN78.pdf AP431/AP431A Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2 9 of 17 www.diodes.com September 2014 (c) Diodes Incorporated NOT RECOMMENDED FOR NEW DESIGN USE AS431 AP431/AP431A Ordering Information AP431 X XX X - X Reference Voltage Tolerance Blank : 1% A : 0.5% Part Number (Note 10) Pb Lead-Free Pb Lead-Free Pb Lead-Free Pb Lead-Free AP431(A)SAG-7 AP431(A)SRG-7 AP431(A)QL-7 AP431(A)QG-7 AP431AWL-7 AP431(A)WG-7 AP431(A)RL-7 AP431(A)RG-7 AP431(A)G-13 AP431(A)YL-13 AP431(A)YG-13 AP431(A)YG-13R Notes: Package Lead-Free SA : SOT23 SR : SOT23R Q : SOT25 W : SC59 R : SC59R Blank : SO-8 Y : SOT89 L : Lead Free G : Green (Note 8) Package Code Packaging SA SR Q Q W W R R SOT23 SOT23R SOT25 SOT25 SC59 SC59 SC59R SC59R SO-8 SOT89 SOT89 SOT89 Y Y Y Packing 7 : Tape & Reel (Note 11) 13 : Tape & Reel (Note 11) 13R : Tape & Reel (Note 11) 7"/13 Tape and Reel Part Number Suffix Quantity (Note 11) 3000/Tape & Reel 3000/Tape & Reel 3000/Tape & Reel 3000/Tape & Reel 3000/Tape & Reel 3000/Tape & Reel 3000/Tape & Reel 3000/Tape & Reel 2500/Tape & Reel 2500/Tape & Reel 2500/Tape & Reel 4000/Tape & Reel -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -13 -13 -13 -13R Ammo Box Part Number Quantity Suffix NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 8. SO-8, SOT23 and SOT23R are available in "Green" products only. 9. Suffix "A" denotes AP431A device. 10. Details of tape and reel options can be seen in document AP2007, which can be found on our website at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02007.pdf AP431/AP431A Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2 10 of 17 www.diodes.com September 2014 (c) Diodes Incorporated NOT RECOMMENDED FOR NEW DESIGN USE AS431 AP431/AP431A Marking Information (1) SC59 and SC59R ( Top View ) 3 XX Y W X 2 1 XX : Identification code Y : Year 0~9 W : Week : A~Z : 1~26 week; a~z : 27~52 week; z represents 52 and 53 week X : A~Z : Green a~z : Lead Free (2) SOT23 and SOT23R ( Top View ) 3 XX Y W X 1 2 XX : Identification code Y : Year 0~9 W : Week : A~Z : 1~26 week; a~z : 27~52 week; z represents 52 and 53 week X : A~Z : Green (3) SOT25 ( Top View ) 4 7 5 XX Y W X 1 2 3 XX : Identification code Y : Year 0~9 W : Week : A~Z : 1~26 week; a~z : 27~52 week; z represents 52 and 53 week X : A~Z : Green a~z : Lead Free (4) SO-8 AP431/AP431A Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2 11 of 17 www.diodes.com September 2014 (c) Diodes Incorporated NOT RECOMMENDED FOR NEW DESIGN USE AS431 AP431/AP431A Marking Information (cont.) (5) SOT89 ( Top View ) XX : Identification code Y : Year : 0~9 W : Week : A~Z : 1~26 week; a~z : 27~52 week; z represents 52 and 53 week X : Internal code A~Z: Green a~z : Lead Free XX Y W X 1 3 2 Identification Code Table Note: Device Package (Note 11) Identification Code Date Code AP431SA AP431ASA AP431SR AP431ASR AP431Q AP431AQ AP431W AP431AW AP431R AP431AR AP431Y AP431AY SOT23 SOT23 SOT23R SOT23R SOT25 SOT25 SC59 SC59 SC59 SC59 SOT89 SOT89 D1 D2 D5 D6 A2 A3 A6 A7 A8 A9 A4 A5 YM YM YM YM YM YM YM YM YM YM YM YM 11. For Packaging Details, go to our website at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02007.pdf. AP431/AP431A Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2 12 of 17 www.diodes.com September 2014 (c) Diodes Incorporated NOT RECOMMENDED FOR NEW DESIGN USE AS431 AP431/AP431A Package Outline Dimensions (All dimensions in mm.) Please see AP02002 at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02002.pdf for latest version. (1) SOT25 A SOT25 Dim Min Max Typ A 0.35 0.50 0.38 B 1.50 1.70 1.60 C 2.70 3.00 2.80 D 0.95 H 2.90 3.10 3.00 J 0.013 0.10 0.05 K 1.00 1.30 1.10 L 0.35 0.55 0.40 M 0.10 0.20 0.15 N 0.70 0.80 0.75 0 8 All Dimensions in mm B C H K M N J L D 0.254 (2) SO-8 E1 E A1 L Gauge Plane Seating Plane Detail `A' 7~9 h 45 Detail `A' A2 A A3 b e D SO-8 Dim Min Max A 1.75 A1 0.10 0.20 A2 1.30 1.50 A3 0.15 0.25 b 0.3 0.5 D 4.85 4.95 E 5.90 6.10 E1 3.85 3.95 e 1.27 Typ h 0.35 L 0.62 0.82 0 8 All Dimensions in mm (3) SC59 and SC59R A SC59 Min Max Typ 0.35 0.50 0.38 B 1.50 1.70 1.60 C 2.70 3.00 2.80 D 0.95 G 1.90 H 2.90 3.10 3.00 J 0.013 0.10 0.05 K 1.00 1.30 1.10 L 0.35 0.55 0.40 M 0.10 0.20 0.15 N 0.70 0.80 0.75 0 8 All Dimensions in mm Dim A B C G H K J M N D AP431/AP431A Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2 L 13 of 17 www.diodes.com September 2014 (c) Diodes Incorporated NOT RECOMMENDED FOR NEW DESIGN USE AS431 AP431/AP431A Package Outline Dimensions (cont.) (All dimensions in mm.) Please see AP02002 at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02002.pdf for latest version. (4) SOT23 and SOT23R A B C H K M K1 D J F L G (5) SOT89 D1 0 .20 R0 C H1 H E B1 B SOT23 Dim Min Max Typ A 0.37 0.51 0.40 B 1.20 1.40 1.30 C 2.30 2.50 2.40 D 0.89 1.03 0.915 F 0.45 0.60 0.535 G 1.78 2.05 1.83 H 2.80 3.00 2.90 J 0.013 0.10 0.05 K 0.903 1.10 1.00 K1 0.400 L 0.45 0.61 0.55 M 0.085 0.18 0.11 0 8 All Dimensions in mm L e 8 (4X) A SOT89 Dim Min Max A 1.40 1.60 B 0.44 0.62 B1 0.35 0.54 C 0.35 0.44 D 4.40 4.60 D1 1.62 1.83 E 2.29 2.60 e 1.50 Typ H 3.94 4.25 H1 2.63 2.93 L 0.89 1.20 All Dimensions in mm D AP431/AP431A Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2 14 of 17 www.diodes.com September 2014 (c) Diodes Incorporated NOT RECOMMENDED FOR NEW DESIGN USE AS431 AP431/AP431A Suggested Pad Layout Please see AP02001 at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02001.pdf for the latest version. (1) SOT25 C2 C2 C1 G Z Dimensions Value (in mm) Z 3.20 G 1.60 X 0.55 Y 0.80 C1 C2 Y 2.40 0.95 X (2) SO-8 X Dimensions X Y C1 C2 C1 Value (in mm) 0.60 1.55 5.4 1.27 C2 Y (3) SC59 and SC59R Y Z Dimensions Value (in mm) Z 3.4 X 0.8 Y 1.0 2.4 C 1.35 E C X AP431/AP431A Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2 E 15 of 17 www.diodes.com September 2014 (c) Diodes Incorporated NOT RECOMMENDED FOR NEW DESIGN USE AS431 AP431/AP431A Suggested Pad Layout (cont.) Please see AP02001 at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02001.pdf for the latest version. (4) SOT23 and SOT23R Dimensions Value (in mm) Z 2.9 X 0.8 Y 0.9 2.0 C 1.35 E Y Z C E X (5) SOT89 X1 Dimensions Value (in mm) X 0.900 X1 1.733 X2 0.416 Y 1.300 Y1 4.600 Y2 1.475 Y3 0.950 Y4 1.125 C 1.500 X2 (2x) Y1 Y3 Y4 Y2 Y C X (3x) AP431/AP431A Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2 16 of 17 www.diodes.com September 2014 (c) Diodes Incorporated NOT RECOMMENDED FOR NEW DESIGN USE AS431 AP431/AP431A IMPORTANT NOTICE DIODES INCORPORATED MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION). Diodes Incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make modifications, enhancements, improvements, corrections or other changes without further notice to this document and any product described herein. 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Copyright (c) 2014, Diodes Incorporated www.diodes.com AP431/AP431A Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2 17 of 17 www.diodes.com September 2014 (c) Diodes Incorporated Mouser Electronics Authorized Distributor Click to View Pricing, Inventory, Delivery & Lifecycle Information: Diodes Incorporated: AP431ASRG-7 AP431AVG-A AP431AYG-13 AP431YG-13 AP431AQG-7 AP431QG-7 AP431RG-7 AP431ARG-7 AP431AYL-13 AP431WG-7 AP431AWG-7 AP431AVL-A AP431ASAG-7 AP431G-13 AP431AG-13