PIC16F193X/LF193X/ PIC16F194X/LF194X/ PIC16LF190X PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/PIC16LF190X Memory Programming Specification This document includes the programming specifications for the following devices: * PIC16F1933 * PIC16F1934 1.1.2 In Low-Voltage ICSP mode, the PIC16F193X/194X and PIC16LF193X/194X/190X devices can be programmed using a single VDD source in the operating range. The MCLR/VPP pin does not have to be brought to a different voltage, but can instead be left at the normal operating voltage. * PIC16F1936 * PIC16F1937 * PIC16F1938 * PIC16F1939 * PIC16F1946 * PIC16F1947 * PIC16LF1902 LOW-VOLTAGE ICSP PROGRAMMING * PIC16LF1903 * PIC16LF1904 * PIC16LF1906 * PIC16LF1907 * PIC16LF1933 * PIC16LF1934 1.1.2.1 * PIC16LF1936 * PIC16LF1937 * PIC16LF1938 The LVP bit in Configuration Word 2 enables singlesupply (low-voltage) ICSP programming. The LVP bit defaults to a `1' (enabled) from the factory. The LVP bit may only be programmed to `0' by entering the HighVoltage ICSP mode, where MCLR/VPP pin is raised to VIHH. Once the LVP bit is programmed to a `0', only the High-Voltage ICSP mode is available and only the High-Voltage ICSP mode can be used to program the device. * PIC16LF1939 * PIC16LF1946 * PIC16LF1947 1.0 OVERVIEW The device can be programmed using either the highvoltage In-Circuit Serial ProgrammingTM (ICSPTM) method or the low-voltage ICSP method. 1.1 Hardware Requirements 1.1.1 Single-Supply ICSP Programming Note 1: The High-Voltage ICSP mode is always available, regardless of the state of the LVP bit, by applying VIHH to the MCLR/ VPP pin. HIGH-VOLTAGE ICSP PROGRAMMING In High-Voltage ICSP mode, the device requires two programmable power supplies: one for VDD and one for the MCLR/VPP pin. 2: While in Low-Voltage ICSP mode, MCLR is always enabled, regardless of the MCLRE bit, and the port pin can no longer be used as a general purpose input. 1.2 Pin Utilization Five pins are needed for ICSP programming. The pins are listed in Table 1-1 and Table 1-2. TABLE 1-1: Pin Name PIN DESCRIPTIONS DURING PROGRAMMING FOR PIC16F193X/LF193X/LF190X During Programming Function Pin Type RB6 ICSPCLK I RB7 ICSPDAT I/O Pin Description Clock Input - Schmitt Trigger Input Data Input/Output - Schmitt Trigger Input Program/Verify mode P(1) VDD VDD P Power Supply VSS VSS P Ground RE3/MCLR/VPP Program Mode Select/Programming Power Supply Legend: I = Input, O = Output, P = Power Note 1: The programming high voltage is internally generated. To activate the Program/Verify mode, high voltage needs to be applied to MCLR input. Since the MCLR is used for a level source, MCLR does not draw any significant current. 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. DS41397B-page 1 PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ TABLE 1-2: Pin Name PIN DESCRIPTIONS DURING PROGRAMMING FOR PIC16F194X/LF194X During Programming Function Pin Type RB6 ICSPCLK I RB7 ICSPDAT I/O RG5/MCLR/VPP Program/Verify mode Pin Description Clock Input - Schmitt Trigger Input Data Input/Output - Schmitt Trigger Input (1) Program Mode Select/Programming Power Supply P VDD VDD P Power Supply VSS VSS P Ground Legend: I = Input, O = Output, P = Power Note 1: The programming high voltage is internally generated. To activate the Program/Verify mode, high voltage needs to be applied to MCLR input. Since the MCLR is used for a level source, MCLR does not draw any significant current. DS41397B-page 2 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ Table of Contents 1.0 Overview .................................................................................................................................................................. 1 2.0 Device Pinouts ......................................................................................................................................................... 4 3.0 Memory Map ............................................................................................................................................................ 8 4.0 Program/Verify Mode ............................................................................................................................................. 18 5.0 Programming Algorithms........................................................................................................................................ 27 6.0 Code Protection ..................................................................................................................................................... 32 7.0 Hex File Usage ...................................................................................................................................................... 32 8.0 Electrical Specifications ......................................................................................................................................... 39 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. DS41397B-page 3 PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ 2.0 DEVICE PINOUTS The pin diagrams for the PIC16F193X/LF193X/ PIC16F194X/LF194X/PIC16LF190X family are shown in Figure 2-1 through Figure 2-6. The pins that are required for programming are listed in Table 1-1 and shown in bold lettering in the pin diagrams. FIGURE 2-1: 28-PIN PDIP/SOIC/SSOP DIAGRAM FOR PIC16F1933/1936/1938, PIC16LF1933/ 1936/1938 AND PIC16LF1902/1903/1906 28-pin SPDIP, SOIC, SSOP FIGURE 2-2: 27 3 26 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 PIC16LF1902/1903/1906 28 2 PIC16LF1933/1936/1938 1 PIC16F1933/1936/1938 VPP/MCLR/RE3 RA0 RA1 RA2 RA3 RA4 RA5 VSS RA7 RA6 RC0 RC1 RC2 RC3 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 13 16 14 15 RB7/ICSPDAT RB6/ICSPCLK RB5 RB4 RB3 RB2 RB1 RB0 VDD VSS RC7 RC6 RC5 RC4 28-PIN QFN/UQFN PACKAGE DIAGRAM FOR PIC16F1933/1936/1938, PIC16LF1933/1936/1938 AND PIC16LF1902/1903/1906 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 RA1 RA0 RE3/MCLR/VPP RB7/ICSPDAT RB6/ICSPCLK RB5 RB4 28-pin QFN 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1 21 2 20 3 PIC16F1933/1936/1938 19 4 PIC16LF1933/1936/193818 5PIC16LF1902/1903/190617 6 16 7 15 RB3 RB2 RB1 RB0 VDD VSS RC7 RC0 RC1 RC2 RC3 RC4 RC5 RC6 RA2 RA3 RA4 RA5 VSS RA7 RA6 DS41397B-page 4 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ FIGURE 2-3: 40-PIN PDIP PACKAGE DIAGRAM FOR PIC16F1934/1937/1939, PIC16LF1934/ 1937/1939 AND PIC16LF1904/1907 40-pin PDIP FIGURE 2-4: 2 39 3 38 4 37 5 36 6 35 7 34 8 9 10 11 12 13 RA6 RC0 RC1 14 RC2 RC3 RD0 RD1 PIC16LF1904/1907 40 PIC16F1934/1937/1939 1 PIC16LF1934/1937/1939 VPP/MCLR/RE3 RA0 RA1 RA2 RA3 RA4 RA5 RE0 RE1 RE2 VDD VSS RA7 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 15 26 16 25 17 24 18 23 19 22 20 21 RB7/ICSPDAT RB6/ICSPCLK RB5 RB4 RB3 RB2 RB1 RB0 VDD VSS RD7 RD6 RD5 RD4 RC7 RC6 RC5 RC4 RD3 RD2 44-PIN QFN PACKAGE DIAGRAM FOR PIC16F1934/1937/1939 AND PIC16LF1934/1937/1939 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 1 33 2 32 3 31 4 30 5 PIC16F1934/1937/1939 29 6 PIC16LF1934/1937/1939 28 7 27 8 26 9 25 10 24 11 23 RA6 RA7 VSS VSS NC VDD RE2 RE1 RE0 RA5 RA4 RB3 NC RB4 RB5 ICSPDAT/RB7 ICSPCLK/RB6 VPP/MCLR/RE3 RA0 RA1 RA2 RA3 RC7 RD4 RD5 RD6 RD7 VSS VDD VDD RB0 RB1 RB2 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 RC6 RC5 RC4 RD3 RD2 RD1 RD0 RC3 RC2 RC1 RC0 44-pin QFN 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. DS41397B-page 5 PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ FIGURE 2-5: 44-PIN TQFP PACKAGE DIAGRAM FOR PIC16F1934/1937/1939, PIC16LF1934/ 1937/1939 AND PIC16LF1904/1907 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 RC6 RC5 RC4 RD3 RD2 RD1 RD0 RC3 RC2 RC1 NC 44-pin TQFP RC7 RD4 RD5 RD6 RD7 VSS VDD RB0 RB1 RB2 RB3 NC RC0 RA6 RA7 VSS VDD RE2 RE1 RE0 RA5 RA4 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 NC NC RB4 RB5 ICSPCLK/RB6 ICSPDAT/RB7 VPP/MCLR/RE3 RA0 RA1 RA2 RA3 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 1 2 3 4 5 PIC16F1934/1937/1939 6 PIC16LF1934/1937/1939 7 PIC16LF1904/1907 8 9 10 11 64-PIN TQFP, QFN PACKAGE DIAGRAM FOR PIC16F1946/PIC16LF1946 AND PIC16F1947/PIC16LF1947 FIGURE 2-6: RD6 RD7 RD5 RD4 RD3 RD2 RD1 VSS VDD RD0 RE6 RE7 RE5 RE4 RE3 RE2 TQFP, QFN 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 RE1 RE0 RG0 RG1 RF7 RF6 RF5 RF4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 RF3 RF2 15 16 RG2 RG3 VPP/MCLR/RG5 RG4 VSS VDD 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 PIC16F194X/ PIC16LF194X 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 RB0 RB1 RB2 RB3 RB4 RB5 RB6/ICSPCLK VSS RA6 RA7 VDD RB7/ICSPDAT RC5 RC4 RC3 RC2 Note: DS41397B-page 6 RC7 RC6 RC0 RA4 RC1 RA5 VDD VSS RA0 RA1 RA2 AVSS RA3 AVDD RF0 RF1 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 QFN package orientation is the same. No leads are present on the QFN package. 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ FIGURE 2-7: 40-PIN UQFN (5X5) PACKAGE DIAGRAM FOR PIC16LF1904/1907 31 32 34 33 35 36 37 38 39 40 RC6/TX/CK/SEG9 RC5/SEG10 RC4/T1G/SEG11 RD3/SEG16 RD2/SEG28 RD1/SEG27 RD0/COM3 RC3/SEG6 RC2/SEG3 RC1/T1OSI 40-Pin UQFN (5x5) SEG8/DT/RX/RC7 SEG17/RD4 1 2 30 SEG18/RD5 SEG19/RD6 SEG20/RD7 VSS VDD SEG0/INT/AN12/RB0 VLCD1/SEG24/AN10/RB1 VLCD2/SEG25/AN8/RB2 3 29 4 28 27 5 PIC16LF1904/1907 6 26 7 25 8 24 23 9 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 11 22 21 VLCD3/SEG26/AN9/RB3 COM0/AN11/RB4 COM1/AN13/RB5 SEG14/ICDCLK/ICSPCLK/RB6 SEG13/ICDDAT/ICSPDAT/RB7 VPP/MCLR/RE3 SEG12/AN0/RA0 SEG7/AN1/RA1 COM2/AN2/RA2 SEG15/VREF+/AN3/RA3 12 10 RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI RA6/CLKOUT/SEG1 RA7/CLKIN/SEG2 VSS VDD RE2/AN7/SEG23 RE1/AN6/SEG22 RE0/AN5/SEG21 RA5/AN4/SEG5 RA4/T0CKI/SEG4 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. DS41397B-page 7 PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ 3.0 MEMORY MAP The memory is broken into two sections: program memory and configuration memory. Only the size of the program memory changes between devices, the configuration memory remains the same. FIGURE 3-1: PIC16LF1902 PROGRAM MEMORY MAPPING 2 KW 0000h 0FFFh 8000h User ID Location 8001h User ID Location 8002h User ID Location 8003h User ID Location 8004h Reserved 8005h Reserved 8006h Device ID 8007h Configuration Word 1 8008h Configuration Word 2 8009h Calibration Word 1 800Ah Calibration Word 2 800Bh-81FFh DS41397B-page 8 Implemented Maps to 0-0FFF 07FFh 8000h Program Memory Implemented 8200h Maps to 8000-81FF Configuration Memory FFFFh Reserved 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ FIGURE 3-2: PIC16F1933/PIC16LF1933, PIC16F1934/PIC16LF1934, PIC16LF1903/ PIC16LF1904 PROGRAM MEMORY MAPPING 4 KW 0000h 0FFFh 8000h User ID Location 8001h User ID Location 8002h User ID Location 8003h User ID Location Implemented Maps to 0-0FFF 7FFFh 8000h Program Memory Implemented 8200h 8004h Reserved 8005h Reserved 8006h Device ID 8007h Configuration Word 1 8008h Configuration Word 2 8009h Calibration Word 1 800Ah Calibration Word 2 800Bh-81FFh 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. Maps to 8000-81FF Configuration Memory FFFFh Reserved DS41397B-page 9 PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ FIGURE 3-3: PIC16F1936/PIC16LF1936, PIC16F1937/PIC16LF1937, PIC16F1946/PIC16LF1946/ PIC16LF1906/PIC16LF1907 PROGRAM MEMORY MAPPING 8 KW 0000h Implemented 1FFFh 8000h User ID Location 8001h User ID Location 8002h User ID Location 8003h User ID Location 8004h Reserved 8005h Reserved 8006h Device ID 8007h Configuration Word 1 8008h Configuration Word 2 8009h Calibration Word 1 800Ah Calibration Word 2 800Bh-81FFh DS41397B-page 10 Maps to 0-1FFF 7FFFh 8000h Program Memory Implemented 8200h Maps to 8000-81FF Configuration Memory FFFFh Reserved 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ FIGURE 3-4: PIC16F1938/PIC16LF1938, PIC16F1939/PIC16LF1939, PIC16F1947/PIC16LF1947 PROGRAM MEMORY MAPPING 16 KW 0000h Implemented 3FFFh 8000h User ID Location 8001h User ID Location 8002h User ID Location 7FFFh 8000h 8003h User ID Location 8200h 8004h Reserved 8005h Reserved 8006h Device ID 8007h Configuration Word 1 8008h Configuration Word 2 8009h Calibration Word 1 800Ah Calibration Word 2 800Bh-81FFh 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. Program Memory Maps to 0-3FFF Implemented Maps to 8000-81FF Configuration Memory FFFFh Reserved DS41397B-page 11 PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ 3.1 User ID Location 3.2 A user may store identification information (user ID) in four designated locations. The user ID locations are mapped to 8000h-8003h. Each location is 14 bits in length. Code protection has no effect on these memory locations. Each location may be read with code protection enabled or disabled. Note: Device ID The device ID word is located at 8006h. This location is read-only and cannot be erased or modified. MPLAB(R) IDE only displays the 7 Least Significant bits (LSb) of each user ID location, the upper bits are not read. It is recommended that only the 7 LSb's be used if MPLAB IDE is the primary tool used to read these addresses. REGISTER 3-1: DEVICEID: DEVICE ID REGISTER(1) R-q R-q R-q R-q R-q R-q R-q DEV8 DEV7 DEV6 DEV5 DEV4 DEV3 DEV2 bit 13 bit 7 R-q R-q R-q R-q R-q R-q R-q DEV1 DEV0 REV4 REV3 REV2 REV1 REV0 bit 6 bit 0 Legend: P = Programmable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' R = Readable bit W = Writable bit `0' = Bit is cleared -n = Value at POR `1' = Bit is set x = Bit is unknown bit 13-5 DEV<8:0>: Device ID bits These bits are used to identify the part number. bit 4-0 REV<4:0>: Revision ID bits These bits are used to identify the revision. Note 1: This location cannot be written. DS41397B-page 12 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ TABLE 3-1: DEVICE ID VALUES DEVICE DEVICE ID VALUES DEV REV PIC16F1933 10 0011 000 x xxxx PIC16F1934 10 0011 010 x xxxx PIC16F1936 10 0011 011 x xxxx PIC16F1937 10 0011 100 x xxxx PIC16F1938 10 0011 101 x xxxx PIC16F1939 10 0011 110 x xxxx PIC16F1946 10 0101 000 x xxxx PIC16F1947 10 0101 001 x xxxx PIC16LF1933 10 0100 000 x xxxx PIC16LF1934 10 0100 010 x xxxx PIC16LF1936 10 0100 011 x xxxx PIC16LF1937 10 0100 100 x xxxx PIC16LF1938 10 0100 101 x xxxx PIC16LF1939 10 0100 110 x xxxx PIC16LF1946 10 0101 100 x xxxx PIC16LF1947 10 0101 101 x xxxx PIC16LF1902 10 1100 001 x xxxx PIC16LF1903 10 1100 000 x xxxx PIC16LF1904 10 1100 100 x xxxx PIC16LF1906 10 1100 011 x xxxx PIC16LF1907 10 1100 010 x xxxx 3.3 Configuration Words The device has two Configuration Words, Configuration Word 1 (8007h) and Configuration Word 2 (8008h). The individual bits within these Configuration Words are used to enable or disable device functions such as the Brown-out Reset, code protection and Power-up Timer. 3.4 Calibration Words The internal calibration values are factory calibrated and stored in Calibration Words 1 and 2 (8009h and 800Ah). The Calibration Words do not participate in erase operations. The device can be erased without affecting the Calibration Words. 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. DS41397B-page 13 PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ REGISTER 3-2: CONFIGURATION WORD 1 R/P-1(4) R/P-1(4) R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1(4) R/P-1 FCMEN IESO CLKOUTEN BOREN1 BOREN0 CPD CP bit 13 bit 7 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1(4) R/P-1 R/P-1 MCLRE PWRTE WDTE1 WDTE0 FOSC2 FOSC1 FOSC0 bit 6 bit 0 Legend: U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' R = Readable bit W = Writable bit `0' = Bit is cleared -n = Value at POR `1' = Bit is set x = Bit is unknown bit 13 (4) FCMEN: Fail-Safe Clock Monitor Enable bit 1 = Fail-Safe Clock Monitor is enabled 0 = Fail-Safe Clock Monitor is disabled bit 12(4) IESO: Internal External Switchover bit 1 = Internal/External Switchover mode is enabled 0 = Internal/External Switchover mode is disabled bit 11 CLKOUTEN: Clock Out Enable bit 1 = CLKOUT function is disabled. I/O or oscillator function on RA6/CLKOUT 0 = CLKOUT function is enabled on RA6/CLKOUT bit 10-9 BOREN<1:0>: Brown-out Reset Enable bits(1) 11 = BOR enabled 10 = BOR enabled during operation and disabled in Sleep 01 = BOR controlled by SBOREN bit of the PCON register 00 = BOR disabled bit 8(4) CPD: Data Code Protection bit(2) 1 = Data memory code protection is disabled 0 = Data memory code protection is enabled bit 7 CP: Code Protection bit(3) 1 = Program memory code protection is disabled 0 = Program memory code protection is enabled bit 6 MCLRE: MCLR/VPP Pin Function Select bit If LVP bit = 1: This bit is ignored. If LVP bit = 0: 1 = MCLR/VPP pin function is MCLR; Weak pull-up enabled. 0 = MCLR/VPP pin function is digital input; MCLR internally disabled; Weak pull-up under control of port pin's WPU control bit. bit 5 PWRTE: Power-up Timer Enable bit(1) 1 = PWRT disabled 0 = PWRT enabled Note 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: Enabling Brown-out Reset does not automatically enable Power-up Timer. The entire data EEPROM will be erased when the code protection is turned off during an erase. The entire program memory will be erased when the code protection is turned off. Unemplemented on PIC16LF190X devices. This bit reads as `1'. For PIC16LF190X only. DS41397B-page 14 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ REGISTER 3-2: CONFIGURATION WORD 1 (CONTINUED) bit 4-3 WDTE<1:0>: Watchdog Timer Enable bit 11 = WDT enabled 10 = WDT enabled while running and disabled in Sleep 01 = WDT controlled by the SWDTEN bit in the WDTCON register 00 = WDT disabled bit 2-0 FOSC<2:0>: Oscillator Selection bits 111 = ECH: External Clock, High-Power mode: CLKIN on RA7/OSC1/CLKIN 110 = ECM: External Clock, Medium-Power mode: CLKIN on RA7/OSC1/CLKIN 101 = ECL: External Clock, Low-Power mode: CLKIN on RA7/OSC1/CLKIN 100 = INTOSC oscillator: I/O function on RA7/OSC1/CLKIN 011 = EXTRC oscillator: RC function on RA7/OSC1/CLKIN 010 = HS oscillator: High-speed crystal/resonator on RA6/OSC2/CLKOUT pin and RA7/OSC1/ CLKIN 001 = XT oscillator: Crystal/resonator on RA6/OSC2/CLKOUT pin and RA7/OSC1/CLKIN 000 = LP oscillator: Low-power crystal on RA6/OSC2/CLKOUT pin and RA7/OSC1/CLKIN bit 2(5) Unemplemented: Read as `1' bit 1-0(5) FOSC<1:0>: Oscillator Selection bits 00 = 01 = 10 = 11 = Note 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: INTOSC Oscillator: I/O function on RA7/CLKIN ECL: External Clock, Low-Power mode: CLKIN on RA7/OSC1/CLKIN ECM: External Clock, Medium-Power mode: CLKIN on RA7/OSC1/CLKIN ECH: External Clock, High-Power mode: CLKIN on RA7/CLKIN Enabling Brown-out Reset does not automatically enable Power-up Timer. The entire data EEPROM will be erased when the code protection is turned off during an erase. The entire program memory will be erased when the code protection is turned off. Unemplemented on PIC16LF190X devices. This bit reads as `1'. For PIC16LF190X only. 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. DS41397B-page 15 PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ REGISTER 3-3: CONFIGURATION WORD 2 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1(5) R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 U-1 LVP DEBUG -- BORV STVREN PLLEN -- bit 13 bit 7 U-1 R/P-1 -- VCAPEN1 R/P-1 (1) (1) VCAPEN0 VCAPEN(2) U-1 U-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 -- -- WRT1 WRT0 bit 6 bit 0 Legend: U = Unimplemented bit, read as `0' R = Readable bit W = Writable bit `0' = Bit is cleared -n = Value at POR `1' = Bit is set x = Bit is unknown bit 13 LVP: Low-Voltage Programming Enable bit(3) 1 = Low-voltage programming enabled 0 = MCLR/VPP must be used for programming high voltage bit 12 DEBUG: In-Circuit Debugger Mode bit 1 = In-Circuit Debugger disabled, RB6/ICSPCLK and RB7/ICSPDAT are general purpose I/O pins 0 = In-Circuit Debugger enabled, RB6/ICSPCLK and RB7/ICSPDAT are dedicated to the debugger bit 11 Unimplemented: Read as `1' bit 11(5) ULPBOR: Ultra Low-Power BOR Enable bit 1 = Ultra low-power BOR is disabled 0 = Ultra low-power BOR is enabled bit 10 BORV: Brown-out Reset Voltage Selection bit 1 = Brown-out Reset voltage set to 1.9V 0 = Brown-out Reset voltage set to 2.7V bit 9 STVREN: Stack Overflow/Underflow Reset Enable bit 1 = Stack overflow or underflow will cause a Reset 0 = Stack overflow or underflow will not cause a Reset bit 8(4) PLLEN: PLL Enable bit 1 = 4xPLL enabled 0 = 4xPLL disabled bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as `1' bit 5-4 (1) bit 5 Note 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: For the PIC16F1933/1934/1936/1937/1938/1939: VCAPEN<1:0>(1): Voltage Regulator Capacitor Enable bits PIC16LF193x: These bits are unimplemented. All VCAP pin functions are disabled. PIC16F193x: 00 =VCAP functionality is enabled on RA0 01 =VCAP functionality is enabled on RA5 10 =VCAP functionality is enabled on RA6 11 =All VCAP pin functions are disabled Unimplemented: Read as `1' For PIC16F193X only. For PIC16F194X only. The LVP bit cannot be programmed to `0' when Programming mode is entered via LVP. Unemplemented on PIC16LF190X devices. This bit reads as `1'. For PIC16LF190X only. DS41397B-page 16 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ REGISTER 3-3: CONFIGURATION WORD 2 (CONTINUED) bit 4(2, 4) For the PIC16F1946/1947: VCAPEN(2): Voltage Regulator Capacitor Enable bits PIC16LF194x: This bit is unimplemented. All VCAP pin functions are disabled. PIC16F194x: 0 = VCAP functionality is enabled on RF0 1 = All VCAP pin functions are disabled bit 3-2 Unimplemented: Read as `1' bit 1-0 WRT<1:0>: Flash Memory Self-write Protection bits 4 kW Flash memory (PIC16F1933/PIC16LF1933 and PIC16F1934/PIC16LF1934 only): 11 = Write protection off 10 = 000h to 1FFh write protected, 200h to FFFh may be modified by EECON control 01 = 000h to 7FFh write protected, 800h to FFFh may be modified by EECON control 00 = 000h to FFFh write protected, no addresses may be modified by EECON control 8 kW Flash memory (PIC16F1936/PIC16LF1936, PIC16F1937/PIC16LF1937 and PIC16F1946/ PIC16LF1946): 11 = Write protection off 10 = 000h to 1FFh write protected, 200h to 1FFFh may be modified by EECON control 01 = 000h to FFFh write protected, 1000h to 1FFFh may be modified by EECON control 00 = 000h to 1FFFh write protected, no addresses may be modified by EECON control 16 kW Flash memory (PIC16F1938/PIC16LF1938, PIC16F1939/PIC16LF1939 and PIC16F1947/ PIC16LF1947): 11 = Write protection off 10 = 000h to 1FFh write protected, 200h to 3FFFh may be modified by EECON control 01 = 000h to 1FFFh write protected, 2000h to 3FFFh may be modified by EECON control 00 = 000h to 3FFFh write protected, no addresses may be modified by EECON control bit 1-0(5) WRT<1:0>: Flash Memory Self-Write Protection bits 2 kW Flash memory: PIC16LF1902: 11 = Write protection off 10 = 000h to 1FFh write protected, 200h to 7FFh may be modified by PMCON control 01 = 000h to 3FFh write protected, 400h to 7FFh may be modified by PMCON control 00 = 000h to 7FFh write protected, no addresses may be modified by PMCON control 4 kW Flash memory: PIC16LF1903/1904: 11 = Write protection off 10 = 000h to 1FFh write protected, 200h to FFFh may be modified by PMCON control 01 = 000h to 7FFh write protected, 800h to FFFh may be modified by PMCON control 00 = 000h to FFFh write protected, no addresses may be modified by PMCON control 8 kW Flash memory: PIC16LF1906/1907: 11 = Write protection off 10 = 000h to 1FFh write protected, 200h to 1FFFh may be modified by PMCON control 01 = 000h to FFFh write protected, 1000h to 1FFFh may be modified by PMCON control 00 = 000h to 1FFFh write protected, no addresses may be modified by PMCON control Note 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: For PIC16F193X only. For PIC16F194X only. The LVP bit cannot be programmed to `0' when Programming mode is entered via LVP. Unemplemented on PIC16LF190X devices. This bit reads as `1'. For PIC16LF190X only. 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. DS41397B-page 17 PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ 4.0 PROGRAM/VERIFY MODE 4.1.3 PROGRAM/VERIFY MODE EXIT In Program/Verify mode, the program memory and the configuration memory can be accessed and programmed in serial fashion. ICSPDAT and ICSPCLK are used for the data and the clock, respectively. All commands and data words are transmitted LSb first. Data changes on the rising edge of the ICSPCLK and latched on the falling edge. In Program/Verify mode both the ICSPDAT and ICSPCLK are Schmitt Trigger inputs. The sequence that enters the device into Program/Verify mode places all other logic into the Reset state. Upon entering Program/Verify mode, all I/O's are automatically configured as high-impedance inputs and the address is cleared. To exit Program/Verify mode take MCLR to VDD or lower (VIL). See Figures 8-4 and 8-5. 4.1 Entry into the Low-Voltage ICSP Program/Verify modes requires the following steps: High-Voltage Program/Verify Mode Entry and Exit There are two different methods of entering Program/ Verify mode via high-voltage: * VPP - First entry mode * VDD - First entry mode 4.1.1 VPP - FIRST ENTRY MODE To enter Program/Verify mode via the VPP-first method the following sequence must be followed: 1. 2. 3. Hold ICSPCLK and ICSPDAT low. All other pins should be unpowered. Raise the voltage on MCLR from 0V to VIHH. Raise the voltage on VDD from 0V to the desired operating voltage. The VPP-first entry prevents the device from executing code prior to entering Program/Verify mode. For example, when the Configuration Word has MCLR disabled (MCLRE = 0), the power-up time is disabled (PWRTE = 0), the internal oscillator is selected (FOSC = 100), and RB6 and RB7 are driven by the user application, the device will execute code. Since this may prevent entry, VPP-first entry mode is strongly recommended. See the timing diagram in Figure 8-3. 4.1.2 4.2 Low-Voltage Programming (LVP) Mode The Low-Voltage Programming mode allows the PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ PIC16LF190X devices to be programmed using VDD only, without high voltage. When the LVP bit of the Configuration Word 2 register is set to `1', the lowvoltage ICSP programming entry is enabled. To disable the Low-Voltage ICSP mode, the LVP bit must be programmed to `0'. This can only be done while in the High-Voltage Entry mode. 1. 2. MCLR is brought to VIL. A 32-bit key sequence is presented on ICSPDAT, while clocking ICSPCLK. The key sequence is a specific 32-bit pattern, '0100 1101 0100 0011 0100 1000 0101 0000' (more easily remembered as MCHP in ASCII). The device will enter Program/Verify mode only if the sequence is valid. The Least Significant bit of the Least Significant nibble must be shifted in first. Once the key sequence is complete, MCLR must be held at VIL for as long as Program/Verify mode is to be maintained. For low-voltage programming timing, see Figures 8-9 and 8-10. Exiting Program/Verify mode is done by no longer driving MCLR to VIL. See Figures 8-9 and 8-10. Note: To enter LVP mode, the LSB of the Least Significant nibble must be shifted in first. This differs from entering the key sequence on other parts. VDD - FIRST ENTRY MODE To enter Program/Verify mode via the VDD-first method the following sequence must be followed: 1. 2. 3. Hold ICSPCLK and ICSPDAT low. Raise the voltage on VDD from 0V to the desired operating voltage. Raise the voltage on MCLR from VDD or below to VIHH. The VDD-first method is useful when programming the device when VDD is already applied, for it is not necessary to disconnect VDD to enter Program/Verify mode. See the timing diagram in Figure 8-2. DS41397B-page 18 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ 4.3 Program/Verify Commands The PIC16F193X/194X and PIC16LF193X/194X/190X implement 13 programming commands, each six bits in length. The commands are summarized in Table 4-1. Commands that have data associated with them are specified to have a minimum delay of TDLY between the command and the data. After this delay 16 clocks are required to either clock in or clock out the 14-bit data word. The first clock is for the Start bit and the last clock is for the Stop bit. TABLE 4-1: COMMAND MAPPING FOR PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/PIC16LF190X Mapping Command Data/Note Binary (MSb ... LSb) Hex Load Configuration x 0 0 0 0 0 00h 0, data (14), 0 Load Data For Program Memory x 0 0 0 1 0 02h 0, data (14), 0 Load Data For Data Memory x 0 0 0 1 1 03h 0, data (8), zero (6), 0 Read Data From Program Memory x 0 0 1 0 0 04h 0, data (14), 0 Read Data From Data Memory x 0 0 1 0 1 05h 0, data (8), zero (6), 0 Increment Address x 0 0 1 1 0 06h -- Reset Address x 1 0 1 1 0 16h -- Begin Internally Timed Programming x 0 1 0 0 0 08h -- Begin Externally Timed Programming x 1 1 0 0 0 18h -- End Externally Timed Programming x 0 1 0 1 0 0Ah -- Bulk Erase Program Memory x 0 1 0 0 1 09h Internally Timed Bulk Erase Data Memory x 0 1 0 1 1 0Bh Internally Timed Row Erase Program Memory x 1 0 0 0 1 11h Internally Timed 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. DS41397B-page 19 PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ 4.3.1 LOAD CONFIGURATION The Load Configuration command is used to access the configuration memory (User ID Locations, Configuration Words, Calibration Words). The Load Configuration command sets the address to 8000h and loads the data latches with one word of data (see Figure 4-1). Note: The only way to get back to the program memory (address 0) is to exit Program/Verify mode or issue the Reset Address command after the configuration memory has been accessed by the Load Configuration command. After issuing the Load Configuration command, use the Increment Address command until the proper address to be programmed is reached. The address is then programmed by issuing either the Begin Internally Timed Programming or Begin Externally Timed Programming command. FIGURE 4-1: Externally timed writes are not supported for Configuration and Calibration bits. Any externally timed write to the Configuration or Calibration Word will have no effect on the targeted word. LOAD CONFIGURATION 1 2 5 4 3 6 2 1 16 15 TDLY ICSPCLK ICSPDAT 4.3.2 0 0 0 0 0 X 0 LSb 1 2 MSb 0 LOAD DATA FOR PROGRAM MEMORY The Load Data for Program Memory command is used to load one 14-bit word into the data latches. The word programs into program memory after the Begin Internally Timed Programming or Begin Externally Timed Programming command is issued (see Figure 4-2). FIGURE 4-2: LOAD DATA FOR PROGRAM MEMORY 1 2 3 4 5 6 15 16 TDLY ICSPCLK ICSPDAT DS41397B-page 20 0 1 0 0 0 X 0 LSb MSb 0 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ 4.3.3 LOAD DATA FOR DATA MEMORY The Load Data for Data Memory command will load a 14-bit "data word" when 16 cycles are applied. However, the data memory is only 8 bits wide and thus, only the first 8 bits of data after the Start bit will be programmed into the data memory. It is still necessary to cycle the clock the full 16 cycles in order to allow the internal circuitry to reset properly (see Figure 4-3). FIGURE 4-3: LOAD DATA FOR DATA MEMORY COMMAND 1 2 5 4 3 2 1 6 16 15 TDLY ICSPCLK 1 ICSPDAT 4.3.4 1 0 0 X 0 0 LSb MSb 0 READ DATA FROM PROGRAM MEMORY The Read Data from Program Memory command will transmit data bits out of the program memory map currently accessed, starting with the second rising edge of the clock input. The ICSPDAT pin will go into Output mode on the first falling clock edge, and it will revert to Input mode (high-impedance) after the 16th falling edge of the clock. If the program memory is code-protected (CP), the data will be read as zeros (see Figure 4-4). FIGURE 4-4: READ DATA FROM PROGRAM MEMORY 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 15 16 TDLY ICSPCLK ICSPDAT (from Programmer) 0 0 1 0 0 ICSPDAT (from device) x Input 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. X LSb MSb Output Input DS41397B-page 21 PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ 4.3.5 READ DATA FROM DATA MEMORY The Read Data from Data Memory command will transmit data bits out of the data memory starting with the second rising edge of the clock input. The ICSPDAT pin will go into Output mode on the second rising edge, and it will revert to Input mode (high-impedance) after the 16th rising edge. The data memory is 8 bits wide, and therefore, only the first 8 bits that are output are actual data. If the data memory is code-protected, the data is read as all zeros. A timing diagram of this command is shown in Figure 4-5. FIGURE 4-5: READ DATA FROM DATA MEMORY COMMAND 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 15 16 TDLY ICSPCLK ICSPDAT (from Programmer) 1 1 0 0 0 X ICSPDAT (from device) x MSb Input Output Input 4.3.6 LSb INCREMENT ADDRESS The address is incremented when this command is received. It is not possible to decrement the address. To reset this counter, the user must use the Reset Address command or exit Program/Verify mode and reenter it. If the address is incremented from address 7FFFh, it will wrap around to location 0000h. If the address is incremented from FFFFh, it will wrap around to location 8000h. FIGURE 4-6: INCREMENT ADDRESS Next Command 1 2 4 3 1 6 5 2 3 TDLY ICSPCLK ICSPDAT 0 1 1 0 0 Address DS41397B-page 22 X X X X Address + 1 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ 4.3.7 RESET ADDRESS The Reset Address command will reset the address to 0000h, regardless of the current value. The address is used in program memory or the configuration memory. FIGURE 4-7: RESET ADDRESS Next Command 1 2 4 3 5 2 1 6 3 TDLY ICSPCLK 0 ICSPDAT 1 1 0 X X X X 0000h N Address 4.3.8 1 BEGIN INTERNALLY TIMED PROGRAMMING A Load Configuration or Load Data for Program Memory command must be given before every Begin Programming command. Programming of the addressed memory will begin after this command is received. An internal timing mechanism executes the write. The user must allow for the program cycle time, TPINT, for the programming to complete. The End Externally Timed Programming command is not needed when the Begin Internally Timed Programming is used to start the programming. The program memory address that is being programmed is not erased prior to being programmed. However, the EEPROM memory address that is being programmed is erased prior to being programmed with internally timed programming. FIGURE 4-8: BEGIN INTERNALLY TIMED PROGRAMMING 1 2 5 4 3 Next Command 1 2 3 6 TPINT ICSPCLK ICSPDAT 0 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. 0 0 1 0 X X X X DS41397B-page 23 PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ 4.3.9 BEGIN EXTERNALLY TIMED PROGRAMMING Externally timed writes are not supported for Configuration and Calibration bits. Any externally timed write to the Configuration or Calibration Word will have no effect on the targeted word. A Load Configuration, Load Data for Program Memory or Load Data for Data Memory command must be given before every Begin Programming command. Programming of the addressed memory will begin after this command is received. To complete the programming, the End Externally Timed Programming command must be sent in the specified time window defined by TPEXT. No internal erase is performed for the data EEPROM, therefore, the device should be erased prior to executing this command (see Figure 4-9). FIGURE 4-9: BEGIN EXTERNALLY TIMED PROGRAMMING End Externally Timed Programming Command 1 2 4 3 5 6 1 2 3 TPEXT ICSPCLK 0 ICSPDAT 4.3.10 0 0 1 0 X 1 1 0 END EXTERNALLY TIMED PROGRAMMING This command is required after a Begin Externally Timed Programming command is given. This command must be sent within the time window specified by TPEXT after the Begin Externally Timed Programming command is sent. After sending the End Externally Timed Programming command, an additional delay (TDIS) is required before sending the next command. This delay is longer than the delay ordinarily required between other commands (see Figure 4-10). FIGURE 4-10: END EXTERNALLY TIMED PROGRAMMING 1 2 5 4 3 Next Command 2 1 3 6 TDIS ICSPCLK ICSPDAT DS41397B-page 24 0 1 0 1 1 X X X X 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ 4.3.11 BULK ERASE PROGRAM MEMORY After receiving the Bulk Erase Program Memory command the erase will not complete until the time interval, TERAB, has expired. The Bulk Erase Program Memory command performs two different functions dependent on the current state of the address. Note: Address 0000h-7FFFh: Program Memory is erased The code protection Configuration bit (CP) has no effect on the Bulk Erase Program Memory command. Configuration Words are erased If CPD = 0, Data Memory is erased Address 8000h-8008h: Program Memory is erased Configuration Words are erased User ID Locations are erased If CPD = 0, Data Memory is erased A Bulk Erase Program Memory command should not be issued when the address is greater than 8008h. FIGURE 4-11: BULK ERASE PROGRAM MEMORY 1 2 3 5 4 Next Command 2 1 3 6 TERAB ICSPCLK ICSPDAT 4.3.12 0 1 0 0 1 BULK ERASE DATA MEMORY X X X After receiving the Bulk Erase Data Memory command, the erase will not complete until the time interval, TERAB, has expired. To perform an erase of the data memory, after a Bulk Erase Data Memory command, wait a minimum of TERAB to complete Bulk Erase. Note: To erase data memory when data code-protect is active (CPD = 0), the Bulk Erase Program Memory command should be used. FIGURE 4-12: X Data memory will not erase if codeprotected (CPD = 0). BULK ERASE DATA MEMORY COMMAND Wait a minimum of TERAB 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 Next Command 2 ICSPCLK ICSPDAT 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. 1 1 0 1 X X X 0 DS41397B-page 25 PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ 4.3.13 ROW ERASE PROGRAM MEMORY The Row Erase Program Memory command will erase an individual row. A row of program memory consists of 32 consecutive 14-bit words. A row is addressed by the address PC<15:5>. If the program memory is codeprotected, the Row Erase Program Memory command will be ignored. When the address is 8000h-8008h the Row Erase Program Memory command will only erase the user ID locations regardless of the setting of the CP Configuration bit. After receiving the Row Erase Program Memory command the erase will not complete until the time interval, TERAR, has expired. FIGURE 4-13: ROW ERASE PROGRAM MEMORY 1 2 5 4 3 Next Command 1 2 3 6 TERAR ICSPCLK ICSPDAT DS41397B-page 26 1 0 0 0 1 X X X X 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ 5.0 PROGRAMMING ALGORITHMS The devices have the capability of storing eight 14-bit words in its data latches. The data latches are internal and are only used for programming. The data latches allow the user to program up to eight program words with a single Begin Externally Timed Programming or Begin Internally Timed Programming command. The Load Program Data or the Load Configuration command is used to load a single data latch. The data latch will hold the data until the Begin Externally Timed Programming or Begin Internally Timed Programming command is given. The data latches are aligned with the 3 LSb of the address. The address at the time the Begin Externally Timed Programming or Begin Internally Timed Programming command is given will determine which location(s) in memory are written. Writes cannot cross a physical eight-word boundary. For example, attempting to write from address 0002h-0009h will result in data being written to 0008h-000Fh. If more than 8 data latches are written without a Begin Externally Timed Programming or Begin Internally Timed Programming command the data in the data latches will be overwritten. The following figures show the recommended flowcharts for programming. 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. DS41397B-page 27 PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ FIGURE 5-1: DEVICE PROGRAM/VERIFY FLOWCHART Start Enter Programming Mode Bulk Erase Device Write Program Memory(1) Write User IDs Write Data Memory(3) Verify Program Memory Verify User IDs Verify Data Memory Write Configuration Words(2) Verify Configuration Words Exit Programming Mode Done Note 1: See Figure 5-2. 2: See Figure 5-5. 3: See Figure 5-6. DS41397B-page 28 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ FIGURE 5-2: PROGRAM MEMORY FLOWCHART Start Bulk Erase Program Memory(1, 2) Program Cycle(3) Read Data from Program Memory Data Correct? No Report Programming Failure Yes Increment Address Command No All Locations Done? Yes Done Note 1: This step is optional if device has already been erased or has not been previously programmed. 2: If the device is code-protected or must be completely erased, then Bulk Erase device per Figure 5-8. 3: See Figure 5-3 or Figure 5-4. 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. DS41397B-page 29 PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ FIGURE 5-3: ONE-WORD PROGRAM CYCLE Program Cycle Load Data for Program Memory Begin Programming Command (Internally timed) Wait TPINT Begin Programming Command (Externally timed)(1) Wait TPEXT End Programming Command Wait TDIS Note 1: Externally timed writes are not supported for Configuration and Calibration bits. DS41397B-page 30 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ FIGURE 5-4: MULTIPLE-WORD PROGRAM CYCLE Program Cycle Load Data for Program Memory Latch 1 Increment Address Command Load Data for Program Memory Latch 2 Increment Address Command Load Data for Program Memory Latch 8 Begin Programming Command (Internally timed) Begin Programming Command (Externally timed) Wait TPINT Wait TPEXT End Programming Command Wait TDIS 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. DS41397B-page 31 PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ FIGURE 5-5: CONFIGURATION MEMORY PROGRAM FLOWCHART Start Load Configuration Bulk Erase Program Memory(1) One-word Program Cycle(2) (User ID) Read Data From Program Memory Command Data Correct? No Report Programming Failure Yes Increment Address Command No Address = 8004h? Yes Increment Address Command Increment Address Command Increment Address Command One-word Program Cycle(2) (Config. Word 1) Read Data From Program Memory Command Data Correct? No Report Programming Failure Yes Increment Address Command One-word Program Cycle(2) (Config. Word 2) Read Data From Program Memory Command Data Correct? No Report Programming Failure Yes Note 1: This step is optional if device is erased or not previously programmed. 2: See Figure 5-3. DS41397B-page 32 Done 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ FIGURE 5-6: DATA MEMORY PROGRAM FLOWCHART Start Bulk Erase Data Memory Data Program Cycle(1) Read Data From Data Memory Command Data Correct? No Report Programming Failure Yes Increment Address Command No All Locations Done? Yes Done Note 1: See Figure 5-7. 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. DS41397B-page 33 PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ FIGURE 5-7: DATA MEMORY PROGRAM CYCLE Program Cycle Load Data for Data Memory Begin Programming Command (Internally timed) Begin Programming Command (Externally timed) Wait TPINT Wait TPEXT End Programming Command Wait TDIS FIGURE 5-8: ERASE FLOWCHART Start Load Configuration Bulk Erase Program Memory Bulk Erase Data Memory Done Note: This sequence does not erase the Calibration Words. DS41397B-page 34 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ 6.0 CODE PROTECTION Code protection is controlled using the CP bit in Configuration Word 1. When code protection is enabled, all program memory locations (0000h-7FFFh) read as all `0'. Further programming is disabled for the program memory (0000h-7FFFh). Program memory can still be programmed and read during program execution. Data memory is protected with its own Code-Protect bit (CPD). When data code protection is enabled (CPD = 0), all data memory locations read as `0'. Further programming is disabled for the data memory. Data memory can still be programmed and read during program execution. The user ID locations and Configuration Words can be programmed and read out regardless of the code protection settings. 6.1 Program Memory 7.0 HEX FILE USAGE In the hex file there are two bytes per program word stored in the Intel(R) INHX32 hex format. Data is stored LSB first, MSB second. Because there are two bytes per word, the addresses in the hex file are 2x the address in program memory. (Example: The Configuration Word 1 is stored at 8007h on the PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ PIC16LF190X. In the hex file this will be referenced as 1000Eh-1000Fh). 7.1 Configuration Word To allow portability of code, it is strongly recommended that the programmer is able to read the Configuration Words and user ID locations from the hex file. If the Configuration Words information was not present in the hex file, a simple warning message may be issued. Similarly, while saving a hex file, Configuration Words and user ID information should be included. Code protection is enabled by programming the CP bit in Configuration Word 1 register to `0'. 7.2 The only way to disable code protection is to use the Bulk Erase Program Memory command. If a device ID is present in the hex file at 1000Ch1000Dh (8006h on the part), the programmer should verify the device ID (excluding the revision) against the value read from the part. On a mismatch condition the programmer should generate a warning message. 6.2 Data Memory Data memory protection is enabled by programming the CPD bit in Configuration Word 1 register to `0'. The only way to disable code protection is to use the Bulk Erase Program Memory command. Note: To ensure system security, if CPD bit = 0, the Bulk Erase Program Memory command will also erase data memory. 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. 7.3 Device ID and Revision Data EEPROM The programmer should be able to read data memory information from a hex file and write data memory contents to a hex file. The physical address range of the 256 data memory is 0000h-00FFh. However, these addresses are logically mapped to address 1E000h-1E1FFh in the hex file. This provides a way of differentiating between the data and program memory locations in this range. The format for data memory storage is one data byte per address location, LSb aligned. DS41397B-page 35 PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ 7.4 Checksum Computation 7.4.1 The checksum is calculated by two different methods dependent on the setting of the CP Configuration bit. TABLE 7-1: Device CONFIGURATION WORD MASK VALUES Config. Word 1 Mask Config. Word 2 Mask PIC16F1933 3FFFh 3733h PIC16LF1933 3FFFh 3703h PIC16F1934 3FFFh 3733h PIC16LF1934 3FFFh 3703h PIC16F1936 3FFFh 3733h PIC16LF1936 3FFFh 3703h PIC16F1937 3FFFh 3733h PIC16LF1937 3FFFh 3703h PIC16F1938 3FFFh 3733h PIC16LF1938 3FFFh 3703h PIC16F1939 3FFFh 3733h PIC16LF1939 3FFFh 3703h PIC16F1946 3FFFh 3733h PIC16LF1946 3FFFh 3703h PIC16F1947 3FFFh 3713h PIC16LF1947 3FFFh 3703h PIC16LF1902 0EFBh 3E03h PIC16LF1903 0EFBh 3E03h PIC16LF1904 0EFBh 3E03h PIC16LF1906 0EFBh 3E03h PIC16LF1907 0EFBh 3E03h EXAMPLE 7-1: PIC16F1936 PROGRAM CODE PROTECTION DISABLED With the program code protection disabled, the checksum is computed by reading the contents of the PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ PIC16LF190X program memory locations and adding up the program memory data starting at address 0000h, up to the maximum user addressable location (e.g., 1FFFH for the PIC16F1936). Any Carry bit exceeding 16 bits are ignored. Additionally, the relevant bits of the Configuration Words are added to the checksum. All unimplemented Configuration bits are masked to `0'. Note: Data memory checksum. does not effect the CHECKSUM COMPUTED WITH PROGRAM CODE PROTECTION DISABLED PIC16F1936, BLANK DEVICE Sum of Memory addresses 0000h-1FFFh E000h Configuration Word 1 3FFFh Configuration Word 1 mask 3FFFh Configuration Word 2 3FFFh Configuration Word 2 mask(1) Checksum 3733h = E000h + (3FFFh and 3FFFh) + (3FFFh and 3733h) = E000h + 3FFFh + 3733h = 5732h Note 1: In PIC16F194X devices, the VCAPEN<1> bit is not implemented in Configuration Word 2 and the Configuration Word 2 mask is 3713h. DS41397B-page 36 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ EXAMPLE 7-2: PIC16LF1936 CHECKSUM COMPUTED WITH PROGRAM CODE PROTECTION DISABLED PIC16LF1936, 00AAh AT FIRST AND LAST ADDRESS Sum of Memory addresses 0000h-1FFFh 6156h Configuration Word 1 3FFFh Configuration Word 1 mask 3FFFh Configuration Word 2 3FFFh Configuration Word 2 mask (1) 3703h Checksum = 6156h + (3FFFh and 3FFFh) + (3FFFh and 3703h) = 6156h + 3FFFh + 3703h = D858h Note 1: In PIC16F194X devices, the VCAPEN<1> bit is not implemented in Configuration Word 2 and the Configuration Word 2 mask is 3713h. 7.4.2 PROGRAM CODE PROTECTION ENABLED With the program code protection enabled the checksum is computed in the following manner. The Least Significant nibble of each user ID is used to create a 16-bit value. The masked value of user ID location 8000h is the Most Significant nibble. This sum of user IDs is summed with the Configuration Words (all unimplemented Configuration bits are masked to `0'). Note: Data memory checksum. EXAMPLE 7-3: does not effect the CHECKSUM COMPUTED WITH PROGRAM CODE PROTECTION ENABLED PIC16F1936, BLANK DEVICE PIC16F1936 Configuration Word 1 3F7Fh Configuration Word 1 mask 3FFFh Configuration Word 2 Configuration Word 2 mask 3FFFh (1) 3733h User ID (8000h) 0005h User ID (8001h) 0007h User ID (8002h) 0003h User ID (8003h) 0002h Sum of User IDs = (0005h and 000Fh) << 12 + (0007h and 000Fh) << 8 + (0003h and 000Fh) << 4 + (0002h and 000Fh) = 5000h + 0700h + 0030h + 0002h = 5732h Checksum = (3F7Fh and 3FFFh) + (3FFFh and 3733h) + Sum of User IDs = 3F7Fh + 3773h + 5732h = CDE4h Note 1: In PIC16F194X devices, the VCAPEN<1> bit is not implemented in Configuration Word 2 and the Configuration Word 2 mask is 3713h. 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. DS41397B-page 37 PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ EXAMPLE 7-4: PIC16LF1936 CHECKSUM COMPUTED WITH PROGRAM CODE PROTECTION ENABLED PIC16LF1936, 00AAh AT FIRST AND LAST ADDRESS Configuration Word 1 3F7Fh Configuration Word 1 mask 3FFFh Configuration Word 2 3FFFh Configuration Word 2 mask(1) 3703h User ID (8000h) 000Dh User ID (8001h) 0008h User ID (8002h) 0005h User ID (8003h) 0008h Sum of User IDs = (000Dh and 000Fh) << 12 + (0008h and 000Fh) << 8 + (0005h and 000Fh) << 4 + (0008h and 000Fh) = D000h + 0800h + 0050h + 0008h = D858h Checksum = (3F7Fh and 3FFFh) + (3FFFh and 3703h) + Sum of User IDs = 3F7Fh + 3703h + D858h = 4EDAh Note 1: In PIC16F194X devices, the VCAPEN<1> bit is not implemented in Configuration Word 2 and the Configuration Word 2 mask is 3713h. DS41397B-page 38 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ 8.0 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS Refer to device specific data sheet for absolute maximum ratings. TABLE 8-1: AC/DC CHARACTERISTICS TIMING REQUIREMENTS FOR PROGRAM/VERIFY MODE Standard Operating Conditions Production tested at 25C AC/DC CHARACTERISTICS Sym. Characteristics Min. Typ. Max. Units Conditions/Comments Supply Voltages and currents VDD VDD Read/Write and Row Erase operations Bulk Erase operations PIC16F193X/ PIC16F194X PIC16LF193X/ PIC16LF194X PIC16LF190X PIC16F193X/ PIC16F194X PIC16LF193X/ PIC16LF194X PIC16LF190X 2.1 -- 5.5 V 2.1 -- 3.6 V 1.8 -- 3.6 V 2.7 -- 5.5 V 2.7 -- 3.6 V 2.6 -- 3.6 V IDDI Current on VDD, Idle -- -- 1.0 mA IDDP Current on VDD, Programming -- -- 3.0 mA VPP IPP Current on MCLR/VPP -- -- 600 A VIHH High voltage on MCLR/VPP for Program/Verify mode entry 8.0 -- 9.0 V TVHHR MCLR rise time (VIL to VIHH) for Program/Verify mode entry -- -- 1.0 s I/O pins VIH (ICSPCLK, ICSPDAT, MCLR/VPP) input high level 0.8 VDD -- -- V VIL (ICSPCLK, ICSPDAT, MCLR/VPP) input low level ICSPDAT output high level -- VDD-0.7 VDD-0.7 VDD-0.7 -- 0.2 VDD V -- -- V -- -- VSS+0.6 VSS+0.6 VSS+0.6 V -- ns -- s -- -- -- -- ns ns ns ns 80 ns 80 ns 80 ns -- s 5 2.5 ms ms VOH ICSPDAT output low level VOL TENTS TENTH TCKL TCKH TDS TDH TCO TLZD THZD TDLY TERAB TERAR Programming mode entry and exit Programing mode entry setup time: ICSPCLK, 100 -- ICSPDAT setup time before VDD or MCLR Programing mode entry hold time: ICSPCLK, 250 -- ICSPDAT hold time after VDD or MCLR Serial Program/Verify Clock Low Pulse Width 100 -- Clock High Pulse Width 100 -- Data in setup time before clock 100 -- Data in hold time after clock 100 -- Clock to data out valid (during a 0 -- Read Data command) Clock to data low-impedance (during a 0 -- Read Data command) Clock to data high-impedance (during a 0 -- Read Data command) Data input not driven to next clock input (delay required between command/data or command/ 1.0 -- command) Bulk Erase cycle time -- -- Row Erase cycle time -- -- 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. IOH = 3.5 mA, VDD = 5V IOH = 3 mA, VDD = 3.3V IOH = 2 mA, VDD = 1.8V IOH = 8 mA, VDD = 5V IOH = 6 mA, VDD = 3.3V IOH = 3 mA, VDD = 1.8V DS41397B-page 39 PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ TABLE 8-1: AC/DC CHARACTERISTICS TIMING REQUIREMENTS FOR PROGRAM/VERIFY MODE Standard Operating Conditions Production tested at 25C AC/DC CHARACTERISTICS Sym. Characteristics TPINT Internally timed programming operation time Min. -- Typ. Max. Units -- 2.5 5 5 ms Program memory Configuration words Data EEPROM ms Note 1 Externally timed programming pulse 1.0 -- 2.1 Time delay from program to compare TDIS 300 -- -- (HV discharge time) Time delay when exiting Program/Verify mode 1 -- -- TEXIT Note 1: Externally timed writes are not supported for Configuration and Calibration bits. TPEXT 8.1 AC Timing Diagrams FIGURE 8-2: FIGURE 8-4: PROGRAMMING MODE ENTRY - VDD FIRST TENTS s PROGRAMMING MODE EXIT - VPP LAST VIHH VPP VPP s TEXIT TENTH VIHH Conditions/Comments VIL VDD VIL ICSPDAT VDD ICSPCLK ICSPDAT ICSPCLK FIGURE 8-5: PROGRAMMING MODE EXIT - VDD LAST TEXIT FIGURE 8-3: PROGRAMMING MODE ENTRY - VPP FIRST TENTS VIHH VPP VIL VDD TENTH VIHH VPP VIL VDD ICSPDAT ICSPCLK ICSPDAT ICSPCLK DS41397B-page 40 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ FIGURE 8-6: CLOCK AND DATA TIMING TCKL TCKH ICSPCLK TDS TDH ICSPDAT as input TCO ICSPDAT as output TLZD ICSPDAT from input to output THZD ICSPDAT from output to input FIGURE 8-7: WRITE COMMAND-PAYLOAD TIMING TDLY 1 2 3 4 5 X X X X X 1 6 2 15 16 ICSPCLK ICSPDAT Command 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. X 0 LSb MSb Payload 0 Next Command DS41397B-page 41 PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ FIGURE 8-8: READ COMMAND-PAYLOAD TIMING TDLY 1 2 3 4 5 X ICSPDAT (from Programmer) X X X X 2 1 6 15 16 ICSPCLK X x ICSPDAT (from Device) LSb Payload Command FIGURE 8-9: MSb 0 Next Command LVP ENTRY (POWERING UP) VDD MCLR TENTS TENTH 33 clocks TCKH TCKL ICSPCLK TDH ICSPDAT DS41397B-page 42 LSb of Pattern 0 TDS 1 2 ... MSb of Pattern 31 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ FIGURE 8-10: LVP ENTRY (POWERED) VDD MCLR TENTH 33 Clocks TCKH TCKL ICSPCLK TDH ICSPDAT LSb of Pattern 0 TDS 1 2 ... MSb of Pattern 31 Note 1: Sequence matching can start with no edge on MCLR first. 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. DS41397B-page 43 PIC16F193X/LF193X/PIC16F194X/LF194X/ APPENDIX A: REVISION HISTORY Revision A (09/2009) Original release of this document. Revision B (08/2010) Revised Pin Diagrams; Added Notes to sections 4.3.1; Revised 4.3.9; Added Note 1 to Figure 5-3; Added Note 1 to Table 8-1; Other minor corrections; Added PIC16LF190X devices. DS41397B-page 44 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices: * Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet. * Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions. * There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip's Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property. * Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code. * Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as "unbreakable." Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products. Attempts to break Microchip's code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act. Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION, QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the buyer's risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims, suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip intellectual property rights. Trademarks The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC, KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART, PIC32 logo, rfPIC and UNI/O are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. FilterLab, Hampshire, HI-TECH C, Linear Active Thermistor, MXDEV, MXLAB, SEEVAL and The Embedded Control Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, CodeGuard, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, dsPICworks, dsSPEAK, ECAN, ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, HI-TIDE, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, Mindi, MiWi, MPASM, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, mTouch, Octopus, Omniscient Code Generation, PICC, PICC-18, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail, REAL ICE, rfLAB, Select Mode, Total Endurance, TSHARC, UniWinDriver, WiperLock and ZENA are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. (c) 2010, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved. Printed on recycled paper. ISBN: 978-1-60932-460-5 Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2002 certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California and India. The Company's quality system processes and procedures are for its PIC(R) MCUs and dsPIC(R) DSCs, KEELOQ(R) code hopping devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. In addition, Microchip's quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified. 2010 Microchip Technology Inc. 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