TC650 TC651 Tiny Integrated Temperature Sensor and Brushless DC Fan Controller with Over Temperature Alert GENERAL DESCRIPTION FEATURES Digital Temperature Sensing and Multi-Speed Fan Control Built in Over Temperature Alert (Tover) Temperature Proportional Fan Speed Control for Acoustic Noise Reduction and Longer Fan Life Pulse Width Modulation Output Drive for Cost and Power Savings Solid State Temperature Sensing 1oC (Typical) Accuracy from 25oC to +70oC 2.8 - 5.5V Operating Range TC651 includes Auto Fan Shutdown Low Operating Power: 50A (Typ) APPLICATIONS Thermal Protection For Personal Computers Digital Set-Top Boxes Notebook Computers Data Communications Power Supplies Projectors RELATED LITERATURE Application Note: 58 Article: "An Integrated Fan Speed Control Solution Can Lower System Costs, Reduce Acoustic Noise and Power Consumption and Enhance System Reliability" TYPICAL APPLICATION +12V DC FAN 500mA +5V VDD 1 VDD PWM 8 GND 7 TOVER 6 NC 5 TC650 TC651 2 NC 3 SHDN 4 GND The TC650/651 are integrated temperature sensors and brushless DC fan speed controllers. The TC650/651 measure their junction temperature and control the speed of the fan based on that temperature, making them especially suited for applications in modern electronic equipment. Temperature data is converted from the on-chip thermal sensing element and translated into a fractional fan speed from 40% to 100%. A temperature selection guide in the data sheet is used to choose the low and high temperature limits to control the fan. The TC650/651 also include a single trip point over temperature alert (Tover) that eliminates the need for additional temperature sensors. In addition, the TC651 features an auto fan shutdown function for additional power savings. The TC650/651 are easy to use, and require no software overhead, and are therefore the ideal choice for implementing thermal management in a variety of systems. ORDERING INFORMATION Part Number TC650XXVUA TC651XXVUA 8-Pin MSOP 8-Pin MSOP - 40C to +125C - 40C to +125C X (See Page 5) Temperature A B C D E F G 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Notes: 1. The "X" denotes a suffix for temperature threshold settings. 2. Contact factory for other temperature ranges. PIN CONFIGURATIONS 8-Pin MSOP VDD 1 GND GND NC 2 SHDN 3 SHDN CONTROL Operating Temp. Range Package OVER TEMP ALERT GND 4 8 PWM TC650 TC651 7 GND 6 TOVER 5 NC uController (c) 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21450A TC650/1-2 3/05/01 Tiny Integrated Temperature Sensor and Brushless DC Fan Controller with Over Temperature Alert TC650 TC651 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS* Storage Temperature (unbiased) .......... -65oC to +150oC Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10sec duration) ............................. +300oC Input Voltage (VDD to GND) ....................................... +6V Output Voltage (OUT to GND) ...................................... 6V Voltage On Any Pin ............ (GND - 0.3V) to (VDD + 0.3V) Package Thermal Resistance (JA ) ...................... 250oC/W Operating Temperature Range .............. -40oC to +125oC * This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum ratings conditions for extended periods of time may affect reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS: VDD = 2.8V to 5.5V, SHDN = VDD, TA = -40C to 125C unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min Typ Max Units VDD IDD Supply Voltage Supply Current PWM Tover are open 2.8 -- -- 50 5.5 90 V A 65 -- -- -- -- 15 %VDD %VDD -- VDD - 0.5 -- -- 10 -- -- -- 10 10 15 32/fOUT 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- V V sec sec Hz sec Note 1 (TH - TL) 20C (TH - TL) > 20C TC651 Only TH - 3 -1.0 -2.5 -- TH -- -- (TH - TL)/5 TH + 3 +1.0 +2.5 -- C C ISOURCE = 1.2mA ISINK = 2.5mA At Trip Point VDD - 0.5 -- -- -- -- -- TH + 10 5 -- 0.4 -- -- V V C C SHDN Input VIH VIL SHDN Input High Threshold SHDN Input Low Threshold PWM Output VOL VOH tR tF fOUT tSTARTUP PWM Output Low Voltage PWM Output High Voltage PWM Rise Time PWM Fall Time PWM Frequency Startup Time ISINK = 1mA ISOURCE = 5mA IOH = 5mA, 1nF from PWM to GND IOL = 1mA, 1nF from PWM to GND VDD Rises from GND, or SHDN Released Temperature Accuracy TH ACC (TH-TL)ACC High Temp Accuracy Temp Range Accuracy THYST Auto Shutdown Hysteresis Tover Output VHIGH VLOW Tover ACC Tover HYST Notes: Tover Output High Voltage Tover Output Low Voltage Absolute Accuracy Trip Point Hysteresis C 1. Transition from 90% to 100% Duty Cycle. TC650/1-2 03/05/01 2 (c) 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21450A Tiny Integrated Temperature Sensor and Brushless DC Fan Controller with Over Temperature Alert TC650 TC651 PIN DESCRIPTION Pin No. 8-Pin MSOP Symbol 1 2 3 VDD NC SHDN 4 5 6 7 8 GND NC Tover GND PWM Description Power Supply Input. May be independent of fan power supply. No Connect. Fan Shutdown, Active-Low Input. During shut down mode the chip still monitors temperature and Tover is low if temperature rises above factory setpoint. Ground. Ground return for all TC650/651 functions. No Connect. Over-Temperature Alert, Active-Low Output. Ground. PWM Fan Drive Output. Pulse width modulated rail-to-rail logic output. Nominal frequency is 15Hz. BLOCK DIAGRAM V+ VDD SHDN TOVER TEMPERATURE SET POINT AND TRIM RANGE DUTY CYCLE LOGIC CONTROL PWM AD CONVERTER OSCILLATOR TEMP SENSOR 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21450A 3 TC650/1-2 03/05/01 Tiny Integrated Temperature Sensor and Brushless DC Fan Controller with Over Temperature Alert TC650 TC651 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION DETAILED DESCRIPTION PWM Output The TC650/651 acquire, and convert, their junction temperature (Tj) information from an on-chip solid state sensor with a typical accuracy of 1oC (typical) . The temperature data is digitally stored in an internal register. The register is compared with pre-defined threshold values. The six threshold values are equally distributed over a predefined range of temperatures (See Table 1). The TC650/ 651 control the speed of a DC brushless fan using a fractional speed control scheme. The output stage requires only a 2N2222-type small-signal BJT for fans up to 300mA. For larger current fans (up to 1 Amp) a logic-level N-channel MOSFET may be used. In addition to controling the speed of the fan, the TC650/651 include an on-chip over-temperature alarm (Tover) that gives a low-true signal when the temperature of the chip exceeds TH by 10C. This feature eliminates the need for a separate temperature sensor for over-temperature monitoring. The PWM pin is designed to drive a low-cost transistor or MOSFET as the low-side power-switching element in the system. Various examples of driver circuits will be shown below. This output has an asymmetric complementary drive and is optimized for driving NPN-transistors or N-channel MOSFETs. Since the system relies on PWM rather than linear power control, the dissipation in the power switch is kept to a minimum. Generally, very small devices (TO-92 or SOT packages) will suffice. The frequency of the PWM is about 15Hz. The PWM is also the timebase for the Start-up Timer (see paragraphs below). The PWM duty cycle has a range of 40% to 100% for the TC650 and 50% to 100% for the TC651. Start-Up Timer To ensure reliable fan start-up, the Start-up Timer turns PWM high for about 2 seconds whenever the fan is started from the off state. This occurs at power-up and when coming out of Shutdown Mode. Table 1: Temperature Range Definition for TC650 (Minimum-Speed Mode) Temperature (T=Tj) T<TL TL<=T<T1 T1<=T<T2 T2<=T<T3 T3<=T<T4 T4<=T<TH TH<=T<TOV TOV<=T PWM Duty Cycle Over-Temperature Alert (Tover) 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 100% with over temp Alert (Tover = L) This pin goes low when the TH set point is exceeded by 10oC. This indicates that the fan is at maximum drive, and the potential exists for system overheating: either heat dissipation in the system has gone beyond the cooling system's design limits, or some fault exists such as fan bearing failure or an airflow obstruction. This output may be treated as a "System Overheat" warning and used to trigger system shutdown, or bring other fans to full speed in the system. The fan will continue to run at 100% speed while Tover is asserted. Built-in hysteresis prevents Tover from "chattering" when measured temperature is at or near the TH + 10oC trip point. As temperature falls through the TH + 10oC trip point, hysteresis maintains the Tover output low until measured temperature is 5oC above the trip point setting. Table 2: Temperature Range Definition for TC651 (Auto-Shutdown Mode) Temperature (T=Tj) T<TL TL<=T<T1 T1<=T<T2 T2<=T<T3 T3<=T<T4 T4<=T<TH TH<=T<TOV TOV<=T PWM Duty Cycle "OFF" 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 100% with over temp Alert (Tover = L) Shutdown (SHDN) The fan can be unconditionally shutdown by pulling low the SHDN pin. During shutdown, the PWM output is low. This is ideal for notebook computer and other portable applications when you need to change batteries and must not have the fan running at the time. Thermal monitoring and Tover are still in operation during shutdown. IDD shutdown current is around 50A. Note: The temperature regions defined by the six temperature thresholds are pre-defined in the TC650/651 by means of trimming. Once a TL and TH are programmed, the T1 - T4 thresholds are automatically equally spaced between TL and TH. TC650/1-2 03/05/01 4 (c) 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21450A Tiny Integrated Temperature Sensor and Brushless DC Fan Controller with Over Temperature Alert TC650 TC651 Auto-Shutdown Mode APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Reducing Switching Noise The TC651 features auto shutdown: when the temperature is below the factory set point at minimum speed (TL), PWM is low and the fan is automatically shut off (AutoShutdown mode). This feature is ideal for notebook computers and other portable equipment that need to conserve as much battery power as possible and thus run a fan when it is only absolutely needed. The TC651 will continue to be active so as to monitor temperature for Tover. The TC651 exits Auto-Shutdown mode when the temperature rises above the factory set point (T1). For fans consuming more than 300mA, a slowdown capacitor (CSLOW) is recommended for reducing switching PWM induced noise (see Figure 1). The value of this capacitor should be 4.7F to 47F, depending on the fan current consumption. Please see Application Note 38 for more information. +12V Temperature Selection Guide (Minimum Fan Speed/Full Speed) The five temperature regions defined by the six thresholds are defined in the TC650/651 by means of factory trimming. Once a TL and TH are set, the T1 - T4 thresholds are automatically equally spaced between TL and TH. Range TL TH Part # 10C 25 30 35 25 30 35 25 30 35 25 35 40 45 40 45 50 45 50 55 55 AC BD CE AD BE CF AE BF CG AG 15C 20C 30C DC FAN 500mA +5V VDD 1 VDD 2 NC 3 SHDN 4 GND PWM 8 GND 7 TOVER 6 NC 5 TC650 TC651 GND GND SHDN CONTROL OVER TEMP ALERT uController Figure 1. Reducing Switching Noise Note: The Bold Type temperature settings are available for ordering. Contact factory for other temperature selections. TL and TH can be selected in 5oC increments. TH must be chosen at least 10oC higher than TL. TL can range anywhere from 25oC to 35oC. As an example, suppose you wanted the fan to run at 40% speed at 25oC or less and go to full speed at 45oC. You would order the part number TC650AEVUA. As another example, suppose you wanted the fan to turn on at 30oC and go to full speed at 45oC. You would order the part number TC651BEVUA. 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21450A 5 TC650/1-2 03/05/01 Tiny Integrated Temperature Sensor and Brushless DC Fan Controller with Over Temperature Alert TC650 TC651 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTIC CURVES IDD vs. Temperature Temp Accuracy vs. VTH 90 PWM, ISOURCE vs. (VDD - VOH), TA = 25C 1.0 3.0 80 0.9 2.5 VDD = 5.6V 50 40 VDD = 2.7V 30 20 0.8 VDD - VOH (V) IDD (A) 60 Temp Accuracy (C) 70 2.0 1.5 1.0 VDD = 5.6V 0 50 25 TL 75 100 125 150 T1 T4 TH TTHRESHOLD 450 0.9 400 0.8 VDD = 2.8V 300 VDD = 5.5V 250 200 0.2 0.1 0 0.0 4 5 6 ISINK (mA) TC650/1-2 03/05/01 7 8 9 10 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 VDD = 5.5V 0.4 50 3 6 VDD = 2.8V 0.5 100 2 4 0.6 0.3 1 2 0.7 150 0 0 ISOURCE (mA) TOVER, ISOURCE vs. (VDD - VOH), TA = 25C 1.0 VDD - VOH (V) VOL (mV) 0.1 500 350 0.4 0.0 T3 T2 TEMPERATURE (C) PWM, ISINK vs. VOL, TA = 25C VDD = 5.5V 0.5 0.2 VDD = 2.7V 0.0 0 -50 -25 0.6 0.3 0.5 10 VDD = 2.8V 0.7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ISOURCE (mA) 6 (c) 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21450A Tiny Integrated Temperature Sensor and Brushless DC Fan Controller with Over Temperature Alert TC650 TC651 TAPE AND REEL DIAGRAM Component Taping Orientation for 8-Pin MSOP Devices User Direction of Feed User Direction of Feed PIN 1 W PIN 1 Standard Reel Component Orientation for TR Suffix Device P Reverse Reel Component Orientation for RT Suffix Device Carrier Tape, Number of Components Per Reel and Reel Size Package 8-Pin MSOP Carrier Width (W) Pitch (P) Part Per Full Reel Reel Size 12 mm 8 mm 2500 13 in PACKAGE DIMENSIONS 8-Pin MSOP PIN 1 .122 (3.10) .114 (2.90) .197 (5.00) .189 (4.80) .026 (0.65) TYP. .122 (3.10) .114 (2.90) .043 (1.10) MAX. .016 (0.40) .010 (0.25) .008 (0.20) .005 (0.13) 6 MAX. .006 (0.15) .002 (0.05) .028 (0.70) .016 (0.40) Dimensions: inches (mm) 2001 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21450A 7 TC650/1-2 03/05/01 Tiny Integrated Temperature Sensor and Brushless DC Fan Controller with Over Temperature Alert TC650 TC651 WORLDWIDE SALES AND SERVICE AMERICAS New York ASIA/PACIFIC (continued) Corporate Office 150 Motor Parkway, Suite 202 Hauppauge, NY 11788 Tel: 631-273-5305 Fax: 631-273-5335 Singapore 2355 West Chandler Blvd. Chandler, AZ 85224-6199 Tel: 480-792-7200 Fax: 480-792-7277 Technical Support: 480-792-7627 Web Address: http://www.microchip.com Rocky Mountain 2355 West Chandler Blvd. Chandler, AZ 85224-6199 Tel: 480-792-7966 Fax: 480-792-7456 San Jose Microchip Technology Inc. 2107 North First Street, Suite 590 San Jose, CA 95131 Tel: 408-436-7950 Fax: 408-436-7955 Microchip Technology Singapore Pte Ltd. 200 Middle Road #07-02 Prime Centre Singapore, 188980 Tel: 65-334-8870 Fax: 65-334-8850 Taiwan Atlanta 6285 Northam Drive, Suite 108 Mississauga, Ontario L4V 1X5, Canada Tel: 905-673-0699 Fax: 905-673-6509 500 Sugar Mill Road, Suite 200B Atlanta, GA 30350 Tel: 770-640-0034 Fax: 770-640-0307 Microchip Technology Taiwan 11F-3, No. 207 Tung Hua North Road Taipei, 105, Taiwan Tel: 886-2-2717-7175 Fax: 886-2-2545-0139 ASIA/PACIFIC Austin EUROPE China - Beijing Australia Analog Product Sales 8303 MoPac Expressway North Suite A-201 Austin, TX 78759 Tel: 512-345-2030 Fax: 512-345-6085 Boston 2 Lan Drive, Suite 120 Westford, MA 01886 Tel: 978-692-3848 Fax: 978-692-3821 Boston Analog Product Sales Unit A-8-1 Millbrook Tarry Condominium 97 Lowell Road Concord, MA 01742 Tel: 978-371-6400 Fax: 978-371-0050 Chicago 333 Pierce Road, Suite 180 Itasca, IL 60143 Tel: 630-285-0071 Fax: 630-285-0075 Dallas 4570 Westgrove Drive, Suite 160 Addison, TX 75001 Tel: 972-818-7423 Fax: 972-818-2924 Dayton Two Prestige Place, Suite 130 Miamisburg, OH 45342 Tel: 937-291-1654 Fax: 937-291-9175 Detroit Tri-Atria Office Building 32255 Northwestern Highway, Suite 190 Farmington Hills, MI 48334 Tel: 248-538-2250 Fax: 248-538-2260 Los Angeles 18201 Von Karman, Suite 1090 Irvine, CA 92612 Tel: 949-263-1888 Fax: 949-263-1338 Mountain View Analog Product Sales 1300 Terra Bella Avenue Mountain View, CA 94043-1836 Tel: 650-968-9241 Fax: 650-967-1590 Toronto Microchip Technology Beijing Office Unit 915 New China Hong Kong Manhattan Bldg. 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