AL6562A NEW PRODUCT Transition Mode PFC LED Controller Description Features The AL6562A is a current mode Power Factor Correction Controller and is designed for operating in Transition Mode. With a superior linear performance multiplier, it ensures the device operates over a wide input voltage range with superior THD (Total Harmonics Distortion). The output voltage is controlled by means of an error amplifier and a precise (1% @ TJ = +25C) internal voltage reference. The AL6562A is designed to meet stringent energy-saving standards with low start-up current, and can operate with low current consumption when entering stand-by mode. Single Stage PFC Controller Transition Mode Operation Low Start-Up, Operating and Quiescent Currents Internal Start-Up Timer Enable/Disable Function on INV Input Totem Pole, Push-Pull Output Drive Adjustable Output Overvoltage Protection SO-8 : Available in "Green" Molding Compound (No Br, Sb) Totally Lead-Free & Fully RoHS Compliant (Notes 1 & 2) Halogen and Antimony Free. "Green" Device (Note 3) OVP circuitry increases system robustness, allowing the device to withstand transient caused at start-up and during load-disconnects. Pin Assignments Applications Electronic Single-Stage LED Driver PFC pre-regulators for: (Top View) INV 1 COMP MULT 2 CS 8 monitors, desktop PC, games) Vcc 3 7 6 GD GND 4 5 ZCD AL6562A IEC61000-3-2 compliant SMPS (Flat TV, HI-END AC-DC adapter/charger up to 350W Electronic ballast Entry level server & web server SO-8 Notes: 1. No purposely added lead. Fully EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS) & 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) compliant. 2. See http://www.diodes.com/quality/lead_free.html for more information about Diodes Incorporated's definitions of Halogen- and Antimony-free, "Green" and Lead-free. 3. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green" products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total Br + Cl) and <1000ppm antimony compounds. Typical Applications Circuit L 2 160 H L3 D 2 MUR460 R1 820K R 6 180K L1 500 H C1 220nF/275V R3 1M D1 R 7 180K D3 1N 4148 F1 2.5A/250V NTC C2 220nF 500V C3 330nF 500V C6 R8 12nF 100 Z1 18V N GND R5 10K R9 68K ZCD R4 680K JC 1 85 to 265V AC L R14 12K C10 22 F 25V JC 2 R2 470K C7 680nF C8 330nF COMP INV VCC GD MULT CS R13 10 Q1 11N65C3 C9 47F 450V R10 8.2K GND C4 100nF U1 AL6562A R16 0.33/1W Figure 1 High Power Factor Boost application circuit AL6562A Document Number: DS38122 Rev. 1-2 1 of 16 www.diodes.com September 2015 (c) Diodes Incorporated AL6562A Pin Descriptions NEW PRODUCT Pin Number Pin Name 1 INV 2 COMP 3 MULT 4 CS 5 ZCD 6 GND 7 GD 8 VCC Brief Description Inverting Input Pin of the Internal Error Amplifier. This pin is connected externally via a resistor divider from the regulated output voltage. It can provide input to inverting input of internal error amplifier. This pin can also be used as ENABLE/DISABLE control input. Output from Error Amplifier. A feedback compensation network consisting of resistor and capacitor connects between INV (Pin1) and this pin to reduce the bandwidth and achieve stability of the voltage control loop and ensure high power factor and low THD. Input to the Internal Multiplier. This pin connects to the rectified mains voltage through external resistor divider to provide a sinusoidal voltage reference for the control current loop. Current Sense Connecting to External Resistor for Current Feedback. The current flowing in the MOSFET is sensed through a resistor, the resulting voltage is applied to this pin and compared with an internal sinusoidal-shaped reference generated by the multiplier to determine MOSFET's turn-off. This pin has an internal Leading-Edge-Blanking of about 200 nanoseconds to improve noise immunity. Zero Current Detection. This pin takes input from inductor's demagnetization sensing to achieve zero current detection, required for Transition Mode (TM) operation. A negative-going edge triggers turn-on of MOSFET. System Ground. Ground for circuit. Current return for both the signal circuitry and the gate drive stage. Gate Driver Output. This pin is able to drive external MOSFET. The totem-pole output stage is able to drive MOSFET with a peak current of 600mA/800mA for source and sink capability respectively. The high level voltage of this pin is internally clamped at about 12V to avoid excessive gate voltage in case V CC pin is supplied by a higher voltage. System Power Input Pin. This pin is for supply voltage of both the signal part and gate driver of the IC. Upper limit is extended to a maximum of 22V to provide more headroom for supply voltage changes. This pin has an internal 25V Zener to protect the IC itself from overvoltage transients. Functional Block Diagram COMP INV MULT 2 1 CS 3 4 40K Multiplier INV_Disable 0.47 V/0.3V VCC Voltage Regulation Overvoltage Detection 10 pF 1.7V VCC 8 R1 24V R2 R S Internal Supply 7.5V UVLO INV_Disable Q 7 Driver GD Vref Zero Current Detector 2.1V 1.6V Starter Upper & Lower Clamp ZCD_Disable 5 ZCD AL6562A Document Number: DS38122 Rev. 1-2 2 of 16 www.diodes.com 6 GND September 2015 (c) Diodes Incorporated AL6562A Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 4) Symbol VCC Icc Operating Supply Current NEW PRODUCT VINV,VCOMP,VMULT IZCD (Note 5) ESD(HBM) ESD(MM) Notes: Description IC Supply Voltage Value Unit Self Limited V 30 mA ESD (Human Body Model) ESD (Machine Model) -0.3 to 7 Source: -50 Sink: 10 3000 200 V mA mA V V Input/Output of Error Amplifier, Input of Multiplier Zero Current Detector Max. Current TJ Junction Temperature Range -40 to +150 C TSTG Storage Temperature Range -65 to +150 C PTOT Power Dissipation 0.65 W RJA Thermal Resistance (Junction - Ambient) 150 C/W TLEAD Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) +260 C 4. Stresses greater than the 'Absolute Maximum Ratings' specified above, may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions exceeding those indicated in this specification is not implied. Device reliability may be affected by exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods of time. 5. Currents flowing into device pins are considered as positive and out of device pins are considered as negative. AL6562A Document Number: DS38122 Rev. 1-2 3 of 16 www.diodes.com September 2015 (c) Diodes Incorporated AL6562A Electrical Characteristics NEW PRODUCT (Over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified VCC = 12.0V, TJ = -25C to +125C, CO = 1nF) Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ. SUPPLY VOLTAGE VCC IC Supply Voltage Turn-On Threshold VCC ON Turn-Off Threshold VCC OFF Hysteresis VCC-HYS Zener Voltage VZ SUPPLY CURRENT Start-Up Current Istart-up Quiescent Current IQ ICC Units 10.3 11.0 8.7 2.2 22 12.0 9.5 2.5 24 22 13.0 10.3 2.8 V V V V V Before turn-on, VCC=11V After turn-on @ 70kHz 40 2.5 3.5 70 3.75 5 A mA mA In OVP condition, VINV = 2.7V 1.4 2.2 2.2 After turn-on ICC = 20 mA Operating Supply Current VZCD150mV, VCC>VCC-OFF IQ Max Quiescent Current mA mA 20 50 90 A 2.465 2.44 2.5 2.535 2.56 V 2 5 mV 60 -2 2.5 2.1 250 400 -0.1 80 1 -4.0 4.5 5.8 2.25 300 480 -1 -8 2.4 350 600 A dB MHz mA mA V V mV mV 0-3 0 - 3.5 V VMULT = 0 to 0.5V, VCOMP = upper clamp 1.65 1.9 V/V VMULT = 1V,VCOMP = 4V 0.6 0.75 0.9 1/V IZCD = 3mA IZCD = -3mA Positive-going edge Negative-going edge VZCD =1 to 4.5V VZCDVCC-OFF 4.7 0.3 -2.5 3.0 150 20 -80 5.2 0.65 2.1 1.6 2 200 100 -120 6.1 1.0 -10 250 165 V V V V A mA mA mV mV A 75 130 300 s VZCD150mV, VCC 0 occurs due to a load drop, the voltage at pin INV will be kept at 2.5V by the local feedback of the EA. The network connected between INV and COMP introduces a time constant to achieve high PF. The current through R4 will remain equal to 2.5/R4, but IR3 will become: (2) The difference current will flow through the compensation network and enter the error amplifier output via pin COMP. The AL6562A monitors the current flowing into the error amplifier output pin. When the detected current is higher than 40A, the dynamic OVP is triggered. The IC will be disabled and the driver signal will be stopped. The output Vo that is able to trigger the Dynamic OVP function is then: (3) AL6562A Document Number: DS38122 Rev. 1-2 10 of 16 www.diodes.com September 2015 (c) Diodes Incorporated AL6562A Application Information (cont.) NEW PRODUCT On the other hand, when the loading of PFC pre-regulator becomes low, the output voltage tends to stay steadily above the nominal value, which is not the case when OVP is triggered by abrupt voltage increase. If this occurs, the E/A will saturate low, the external power transistor is switched OFF, and the IC is put in idle state (static OVP). Normal operation is resumed as the error amplifier goes back into its linear region. As a result, the device will work in burst-mode, with a repetition rate that can be very low. When either OVP is activated, the quiescent consumption of the IC is reduced to minimum by the discharge of the capacitor and increases the hold-up capability of the IC supply. THD (Total Harmonics Distortion) The AL6562A reduces the THD by reducing conduction dead-angle occurring to the AC input current near the zero-crossings of the line voltage. The important reason for this distortion to take place is the inability of the system to transfer energy effectively when the instantaneous line voltage is very low, which is the case near line-voltage zero-crossing. This effect is magnified by the high-frequency filter capacitor placed after the bridge rectifier, which retains some residual voltage that causes the diodes of the bridge rectifier to be reverse-biased and the input current flow to temporarily stop. To overcome this issue, the circuit section designed in the AL6562A forces the PFC regulator to process more energy near the line voltage zero-crossings, as compared to that commanded by the control loop. This results in both minimizing the time interval when energy transfer is lacking, and fully discharging the high-frequency filter capacitor after the bridge. In essence, the circuit artificially increases the ON-Time of the Power Switch with a positive offset added to the output of the multiplier in the proximity of the line voltage zero-crossings. This offset is reduced as the instantaneous line voltage increases, so that it becomes negligible as the line voltage moves towards the peak of the sinusoidal waveform. Therefore, to maximize the benefit from the THD improvement circuit, the high-frequency filter capacitor after the bridge rectifier should be minimized and kept to satisfy the EMI filtering requirements. Non-Latched IC Disable (Enable) Pin 1, INV, inverting input to the error amplifier, doubles its function as a not-latched IC disable: a voltage below 0.3V shuts down the IC and reduces its consumption at a lower value. In order to restart the system, a voltage exceeding 0.48V must be applied. The main usage of this function is a remote ON/OFF control interface that can be driven by a PWM controller for power management purposes. However it also offers a certain degree of additional safety since it will make IC shutdown in case the lower resistor of the output divider is shorted to ground or if the upper resistor is missing or fails open. AL6562A Document Number: DS38122 Rev. 1-2 11 of 16 www.diodes.com September 2015 (c) Diodes Incorporated AL6562A Application Information (Cont.) Single Stage LED Driver with PFC NEW PRODUCT One of the major applications of AL6562A is to provide a single stage power module with high PF for LED lighting. The following circuit, Figure 4, shows a simplified fly-back AC-DC converter with both CC and CV feedback from output side, to prevent overload and also provide an overvoltage protection facility. Figure 4 Single Stage PFC Isolated LED lighting With its high performance, the AL6562A offers the following advantages that make this solution an appropriate method against the traditional PWM controller, where a good PF value is required: The input capacitance can be reduced to replace a bulky and expensive high-voltage electrolytic capacitor (as required by regular offline SMPS) by a small-size, cheaper film capacitor. Transition mode ensures low turn-on losses in MOSFET and higher efficiency can be achieved. Lower parts count means lower material cost, as well as lower assembly cost for limited space. AL6562A Document Number: DS38122 Rev. 1-2 12 of 16 www.diodes.com September 2015 (c) Diodes Incorporated AL6562A Application Information (Cont.) PFC Pre-Regulator Another major application of AL6562A is to implement a wide-range mains input PFC pre-regulator, which acts as the input stage for the cascaded DC-DC converter and can deliver above 350W in general. NEW PRODUCT The AL6562A can easily be implemented as PFC pre-regulator basing on fixed ON time mechanism due to its simplicity. In fixed ON time mode, AL6562A is also working in transition mode where the inductor current will be turned on when zero crossing is detected. By using boost-switching technique, the AL6562A shapes the input current by drawing a quasi-sinusoidal current in-phase with the line voltage. A simplified circuit, shown in Figure 5, explains the operation as follows: Figure 5 ZCD Pin Synchronization without Auxiliary Winding The AC mains voltage is rectified by a diode bridge and delivered to the boost converter which boosts the rectified input voltage to a higher regulated DC bus VO. The error amplifier compares a portion of the output voltage with an internal reference and generates a signal error proportional to the difference between them. The bandwidth of the internal error amplifier is set to be narrow within 20Hz; the output would be a DC value over a given half-cycle. Output of E/A fed into multiplier, multiplied by a portion of the rectified mains voltage, will generate a scaled rectified sinusoid whose peak amplitude depends on the rectified mains peak voltage as well as the value of error signal. The output of the multiplier is fed into the non-inverting pin of the internal PWM comparator. As the output from the multiplier, a sinusoidal reference for PWM, equals the voltage on the current sense pin CS(4), the MOSFET will be turned off. As a consequence, the peak inductor current will follow the envelope of a rectified sinusoid. After the MOSFET is turned off, the boost inductor discharges its stored energy to the load until zero current is detected and then the MOSFET will be turned on again. In the case where there is no auxiliary winding on the boost inductor, a solution can be implemented by sconnecting the ZCD pin to the drain of the power MOSFET through an R-C network: in this way the high-frequency edges experienced by the drain will be transferred to the ZCD pin, hence arming and triggering the ZCD comparator. The resistance value must be properly chosen to limit the current sourced/sunk by the ZCD pin. In typical applications with output voltages around 400V, recommended values for these components are 22pF (or 33pF) for CZCD and 330K for RZCD. With these values proper operation is ensured even with a few volts difference between the regulated output voltage and the peak input voltage. AL6562A Document Number: DS38122 Rev. 1-2 13 of 16 www.diodes.com September 2015 (c) Diodes Incorporated AL6562A Ordering Information AL6562A XX-13 Packing Package NEW PRODUCT S : SO8 13 :13" Tape & Reel Part Number Package Package code AL6562AS-13 SO-8 S 13" Tape and Reel Quantity Part Number Suffix 2,500/Tape & Reel -13 Marking Information (1) SO-8 (Top View) 8 7 6 5 Logo YY : Year : 14,15,16~ WW : Week : 01~52; 52 represents 52 and 53 week X X : Internal Code AL6562A Part Number YY WW X X 1 AL6562A Document Number: DS38122 Rev. 1-2 2 3 4 14 of 16 www.diodes.com September 2015 (c) Diodes Incorporated AL6562A Package Outline Dimensions (All Dimensions in mm.) 0.254 Please see AP02002 at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02002.pdf for the latest version. NEW PRODUCT E1 E A1 L Gauge Plane Seating Plane Detail `A' 7~9 h 45 Detail `A' A2 A A3 b e D SO-8 Dim Min Max A 1.75 A1 0.10 0.20 A2 1.30 1.50 A3 0.15 0.25 b 0.3 0.5 D 4.85 4.95 E 5.90 6.10 E1 3.85 3.95 e 1.27 Typ h 0.35 L 0.62 0.82 0 8 All Dimensions in mm Suggested Pad Layout Please see AP02001 at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02001.pdf for the latest version. X C1 C2 Dimensions X Y C1 C2 Value (in mm) 0.60 1.55 5.4 1.27 Y AL6562A Document Number: DS38122 Rev. 1-2 15 of 16 www.diodes.com September 2015 (c) Diodes Incorporated AL6562A IMPORTANT NOTICE NEW PRODUCT DIODES INCORPORATED MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION). 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