ACS108-6S Overvoltage protected AC switch (ACSTM) Datasheet - production data Features Needs no external protection snubber or varistor Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5 Reduces component count by up to 80% Interfaces directly with the micro-controller Common package tab connection supports connection of several alternating current switches (ACS) on the same cooling pad Integrated structure based on A.S.D.(R) technology Overvoltage protection by crowbar technology High noise immunity - static dV/dt > 500 V/s Applications COM OUT G SMBflat-3L ACS108-6SUF Figure 1. Alternating current on/off static switching in appliances and industrial control systems Drive of low power high inductive or resistive loads like: - relay, valve, solenoid, - dispenser, door lock - pump, fan, low power motor Functional diagram OUT G Description COM Common drive reference to connect to the mains Output to connect to the load. Gate input to connect to the controller through gate resistor COM OUT G The ACS108-6S belongs to the AC line switch family. This high performance switch can control a load of up to 0.8 A. The ACS108-6S switch includes an overvoltage crowbar structure to absorb the overvoltage energy, and a gate level shifter driver to separate the digital controller from the main switch. It is triggered with a negative gate current flowing out of the gate pin. Table 1. Device summary Symbol Value Unit IT(RMS) 0.8 A VDRM/VRRM 600 V IGT 10 mA (R): A.S.D. is a registered trademark of STMicroelectonics TM: ACS is a trademark of STMicroelectronics June 2012 This is information on a product in full production. Doc ID 11962 Rev 4 1/12 www.st.com 12 Characteristics 1 ACS108-6S Characteristics Table 2. Absolute maximum ratings (Tamb = 25 C, unless otherwise specified) Symbol IT(RMS) Parameter On-state rms current (full sine wave) Value Unit Tamb = 62 C 0.45 A Ttab = 113 C 0.8 A F = 60 Hz Non repetitive surge peak on-state current (full cycle sine wave, Tj initial = 25 C) F = 50 Hz t = 16.7 ms 7.6 t = 20 ms 7.3 It Value for fusing tp = 10 ms 0.38 A2 s dI/dt Critical rate of rise of on-state current F = 120 Hz IG = 2xIGT, tr 100 ns Tj = 125 C 100 A/s VPP Non repetitive line peak mains voltage(1) Tj = 25 C 2 kV IGM Peak gate current Tj = 125 C 1 A VGM Peak positive gate voltage Tj = 125 C 10 V Average gate power dissipation Tj = 125 C 0.1 W -40 to +150 -30 to +125 C ITSM I2t PG(AV) Tstg Tj tp = 20 s A Storage junction temperature range Operating junction temperature range 1. according to test described by IEC 61000-4-5 standard and Figure 19 Table 3. Electrical characteristics (Tj = 25 C, unless otherwise specified) Symbol IGT(1) VGT Test conditions VOUT = 12 V, RL = 33 Quadrant Unit II - III Max. 10 mA II - III Max. 1 V II - III Min. 0.15 V VGD VOUT = VDRM, RL =3.3 k, Tj = 125 C IH (2) IOUT = 100 mA Max. 25 mA IL(2) IG = 1.2 x IGT Max. 30 mA Min. 500 V/s Without snubber (15 V/s), turn-off time 20 ms, Tj = 125 C Min. 0.3 ICL = 0.1 mA, tp = 1 ms, Tj = 125 C Min. 650 dV/dt(2) VOUT = 67% VDRM, gate open, Tj = 125 C (dI/dt)c(2 ) VCL 1. Minimum IGT is guaranteed at 10% of IGT max 2. For both polarities of OUT referenced to COM 2/12 Value Doc ID 11962 Rev 4 A/ms V ACS108-6S Characteristics Table 4. Static electrical characteristics Symbol VTM (1) VTO (1) RD (1) IDRM IRRM Test conditions Value Unit ITM = 1.1 A, tp = 500 s Tj = 25 C Max. 1.3 V Threshold voltage Tj = 125 C Max. 0.90 V Tj = 125 C Max. 300 m 2 A 0.2 mA Tj = 25 C VOUT = 600 V Max. Tj = 125 C 1. For both polarities of OUT referenced to COM Table 5. Thermal resistance Symbol Parameter Rth (j-t) Junction to tab (AC) Rth (j-a) Junction to ambient S = 5 cm Doc ID 11962 Rev 4 Value Unit Max. 14 C/W Max. 75 3/12 Characteristics Figure 2. 0.9 ACS108-6S Maximum power dissipation versus on-state rms current (full cycle) Figure 3. P(W) 1.00 180 0.8 On-state rms current versus tab temperature (full cycle) IT(RMS)(A) 0.90 0.80 0.7 0.70 0.6 0.60 0.5 0.50 0.4 0.40 0.3 0.30 0.2 0.20 0.1 0.10 IT(RMS)(A) 0.0 0.0 0.1 Figure 4. 1.0 TC(C) 0.00 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 On-state rms current versus ambient temperature (free air convection) 0 25 Figure 5. IT(RMS)(A) 1.E+00 50 75 100 125 Relative variation of thermal impedance junction to ambient versus pulse duration K = [Zth(j-a)/Rth(j-a)] 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 1.E-01 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 Ta(C) 0 25 Figure 6. 2.0 50 75 100 125 Relative variation of, holding and latching current versus junction temperature 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.4 IH IL 0.2 0.0 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 4/12 Figure 7. tp(s) 1.E-02 1.E-01 1.E+00 1.E+01 1.E+02 1.E+03 Releative variation of IGT and VGT versus junction temperature IGT, VGT[Tj] / IGT, VGT[Tj = 25 C] IH, IL[Tj] / IH, IL[Tj = 25 C] 0.6 1.E-02 1.E-03 Tj(C) 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.2 IGT 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 VGT 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 Doc ID 11962 Rev 4 Tj(C) 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 ACS108-6S Figure 8. 10 Characteristics Non repetitive surge peak on-state Figure 9. current versus number of cycles ITSM(A) Non repetitive surge peak on-state current for a sinusoidal pulse, and corresponding value of It 2 100.0 9 ITSM(A), I t (A2s) Tj initial = 25 C 8 t = 20 ms Non repetitive Tj initial = 25 C 7 ITSM One cycle 10.0 6 5 pulse with width tp<10 ms, and corresponding value of It 4 Repetitive Tc = 75 C 3 1.0 It 2 1 Number of cycles 0 1 10 100 1000 Figure 10. On-state characteristics (maximal values) 10.00 ITM(A) 0.10 1.00 10.00 Figure 11. Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current versus junction temperature 8 (dl / dt)c [Tj] / (dl / dt)c [Tj = 125 C] 7 Tjmax: Vto = 0.9 V Rd = 300 m 1.00 tp(ms) 0.1 0.01 6 5 Tj = 125 C 4 Tj = 25 C 3 0.10 2 1 0.01 0.0 VTM(V) 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 Figure 12. Relative variation of static dV/dt immunity versus junction temperature 8 Tj(C) 0 25 50 75 100 125 Figure 13. Relative variation of the maximal clamping voltage versus junction temperature (min. value) dV / dt [Tj] / dV / dt [Tj = 125 C] 1.15 7 VCL[Tj/VCL[Tj = 25C] 1.10 6 1.05 5 1.00 4 3 0.95 2 0.90 1 Tj(C) 0 25 50 75 100 125 0.85 -30 Doc ID 11962 Rev 4 Tj(C) -10 10 30 50 70 90 110 130 5/12 Characteristics ACS108-6S Figure 14. Relative variation of critical rate Figure 15. Thermal resistance junction to ofdecrease of main current (di/dt)c ambient versus copper surface versus (dV/dt)c under tab (dI/dt)c [ (dV/dt) c ] / Specified (dI/dt) c 2.0 170 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 VOUT = 400 V turn-off time < 20 ms 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 (dV/dt)c (V/s) 0.2 0.0 0.1 6/12 1 10 100 Rth(j-a)(C/W) Epoxy printed circuit board FR4, copper thickness 35 m S(cm) 0 Doc ID 11962 Rev 4 1 2 3 4 5 ACS108-6S 2 Alternating current line switch - basic application Alternating current line switch - basic application The ACS108-6S switch is triggered by a negative gate current flowing from the gate pin G. The switch can be driven directly by the digital controller through a resistor as shown in Figure 16. Thanks to its overvoltage protection and turn-off commutation performance, the ACS108-6S switch can drive a small power high inductive load with neither varistor nor additional turn-off snubber. Figure 16. Typical application program Valve AC Mains Power supply 2.1 Vss MCU Vdd Rg ACS108-6S Protection against overvoltage: the best choice is ACS In comparison with standard triacs, which are not robust against surge voltage, the ACS108-6S is over-voltage self-protected, specified by the new parameter VCL. This feature is useful in two operating conditions: in case of turn-off of very inductive load, and in case of surge voltage that can occur on the electrical network. 2.1.1 High inductive load switch-off: turn-off overvoltage clamping With high inductive and low RMS current loads the rate of decrease of the current is very low. An overvoltage can occur when the gate current is removed and the OUT current is lower than IH. As shown in Figure 17 and Figure 18, at the end of the last conduction half-cycle, the load current decreases (1). The load current reaches the holding current level IH (2), and the ACS turns off (3). The water valve, as an inductive load (up to 15 H), reacts as a current generator and an overvoltage is created, which is clamped by the ACS (4). The current flows through the ACS avalanche and decreases linearly to zero. During this time, the voltage across the switch is limited to the clamping voltage VCL. The energy stored in the inductance of the load is dissipated in the clamping section that is designed for this purpose. When the energy has been dissipated, the ACS voltage falls back to the mains voltage value (5). Doc ID 11962 Rev 4 7/12 Alternating current line switch - basic application ACS108-6S Figure 17. Effect of the switching off of a high Figure 18. Description of the different steps inductive load - typical clamping during switching off of a high capability of ACS108-6S inductive load 4 I OUT VPEAK = V CL 1 I OUT (5 mA/div) 3 1 VOUT (200 V/div) 2 IH 3 4 VOUT 5 VCL IH 2 5 100s/div 2.1.2 Alternating current line transient voltage ruggedness The ACS108-6S switch is able to withstand safely the ac line transients either by clamping the low energy spikes or by breaking over under high energy shocks, even with high turn-on current rises. The test circuit shown in Figure 19 is representative of the final ACS108-6S application, and is also used to test the ac switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks to the load limiting the current, the ACS108-6S switch withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kV above the peak line voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar technology. Actually, the ACS108-6S breaks over safely as shown in Figure 20. The ACS108-6S recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge (switch off back at the next zero crossing of the current). Such non-repetitive tests can be done 10 times on each ac line voltage polarity. Figure 19. Overvoltage ruggedness test Figure 20. Typical current and voltage circuit for resistive and waveforms across the inductive ACS108-6S during IEC 61000-4-5 standard test loads with conditions equivalent to IEC 61000-4-5 standards VPEAK I OUT (2 A/div) Surge generator "1.2/50 waveform" Rgene 2 VOUT (200 V/div) Model of the load L R 150 5H ACS108-6Sx 2.4 kV surge Rg 220 200ns/div 8/12 Doc ID 11962 Rev 4 ACS108-6S 3 Ordering information scheme Ordering information scheme Figure 21. Ordering information scheme ACS 1 08 - 6 S UF -TR AC switch series Number of switches Current 08 = 0.8 A rms Voltage 6 = 600 V Sensitivity S = 10 mA Package UF = SMBflat-3L Packing TR = 13", 5000 pieces Doc ID 11962 Rev 4 9/12 Package information 4 ACS108-6S Package information Epoxy meets UL94, V0 Lead-free packages In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK(R) packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK(R) specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK(R) is an ST trademark. Table 6. SMBflat-3L dimensions Dimensions Ref. Millimeters Inches Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. A 0.90 1.10 0.035 0.043 b 0.35 0.65 0.014 0.026 b4 1.95 2.20 0.07 0.087 c 0.15 0.40 0.006 0.016 D 3.30 3.95 0.130 0.156 E 5.10 5.60 0.201 0.220 E1 4.05 4.60 0.156 0.181 L 0.75 1.50 0.030 0.059 A c e D b 2x L2 2x L 2x L1 E E1 L1 L L2 b4 L1 0.40 0.016 L2 0.60 0.024 e 1.60 0.063 Figure 22. SMBflat-3L footprint dimensions 5.84 (0.230) 0.51 (0.020) 2.07 (0.082) 2.07 (0.082) 0.51 (0.020) 1.20 (0.047) 3.44 (0.136) millimeters (inches) 10/12 Doc ID 11962 Rev 4 1.20 (0.047) ACS108-6S 5 Ordering information Ordering information Table 7. 6 Ordering information Order code Marking Package Weight Base Qty Delivery mode ACS108-6SUF-TR ACS1086S SMBflat-3L 46.91 mg 5000 Tape and reel Revision history 04 Table 8. Document revision history Date Revision Changes 05-Jan-2005 1 Initial release. 07-Jun-2006 2 Reformatted to current standard. Replaced Figure 9. 14-Dec-2010 3 Added Epoxy meets UL94, V0 in Package information. Updated ECOPACK statement. Added SMBflat-3L package. Updated graphics. 12-Jun-2012 4 Information regarding TO-92 and SOT-223 packages transferred to STMicroelectronics datasheet ACS108. Doc ID 11962 Rev 4 11/12 ACS108-6S Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. 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