LM56
Dual Output Low Power Thermostat
General Description
The LM56 is a precision low power thermostat. Two stable
temperature trip points (V
T1
and V
T2
) are generated by
dividing down the LM56 1.250V bandgap voltage reference
using 3 external resistors. The LM56 has two digital outputs.
OUT1 goes LOW when the temperature exceeds T1 and
goes HIGH when the the temperature goes below
(T1–T
HYST
). Similarly, OUT2 goes LOW when the tempera-
ture exceeds T2 and goes HIGH when the temperature goes
below (T2–T
HYST
). T
HYST
is an internally set 5˚C typical
hysteresis.
The LM56 is available in an 8-lead Mini-SO8 surface mount
package and an 8-lead small outline package.
Applications
nMicroprocessor Thermal Management
nAppliances
nPortable Battery Powered 3.0V or 5V Systems
nFan Control
nIndustrial Process Control
nHVAC Systems
nRemote Temperature Sensing
nElectronic System Protection
Features
nDigital outputs support TTL logic levels
nInternal temperature sensor
n2 internal comparators with hysteresis
nInternal voltage reference
nCurrently available in 8-pin SO plastic package
nFuture availability in the 8-pin Mini-SO8 package
Key Specifications
jPower Supply Voltage 2.7V–10V
jPower Supply Current 230 µA (max)
jV
REF
1.250V ±1% (max)
jHysteresis Temperature 5˚C
jInternal Temperature
Sensor Output Voltage (+6.20 mV/˚C x T) +395 mV
nTemperature Trip Point Accuracy:
LM56BIM LM56CIM
+25˚C ±2˚C (max) ±3˚C (max)
+25˚C to +85˚C ±2˚C (max) ±3˚C (max)
−40˚C to +125˚C ±3˚C (max) ±4˚C (max)
Simplified Block Diagram and Connection Diagram
Order
Number LM56BIM LM56BIMX LM56CIM LM56CIMX LM56BIMM LM56BIMMX LM56CIMM LM56CIMMX
NS
Package
Number
M08A M08A M08A M08A MUA08A MUA08A MUA08A MUA08A
SOP-8 SOP-8 SOP-8 SOP-8 MSOP-8 MSOP-8 MSOP-8 MSOP-8
Transport
Media
2500 Units 2500 Units 3500 Units 3500 Units
Rail Tape &
Reel Rail Tape &
Reel Rail Tape & Reel Rail Tape & Reel
Package
Marking LM56BIM LM56BIM LM56CIM LM56CIM T02B T02B T02C T02C
DS012893-1
DS012893-2
April 2000
LM56 Dual Output Low Power Thermostat
© 2001 National Semiconductor Corporation DS012893 www.national.com
Typical Application
DS012893-3
VT1 = 1.250V x (R1)/(R1 + R2 + R3)
VT2 = 1.250V x (R1 + R2)/(R1 + R2 + R3)
where:
(R1+R2+R3)=27kΩand
VT1 or T2 = [6.20 mV/˚C x T] + 395 mV therefore:
R1=V
T1/(1.25V) x 27 kΩ
R2=(V
T2/(1.25V) x 27 kΩ)−R1
R3=27kΩ−R1−R2
FIGURE 1. Microprocessor Thermal Management
LM56
www.national.com 2
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
Input Voltage 12V
Input Current at any pin (Note 2) 5 mA
Package Input Current(Note 2) 20 mA
Package Dissipation at T
A
= 25˚C
(Note 3) 900 mW
ESD Susceptibility (Note 4)
Human Body Model 1000V
Machine Model 200V
Soldering Information
SO Package (Note 5) :
Vapor Phase (60 seconds) 215˚C
Infrared (15 seconds) 220˚C
Storage Temperature −65˚C to + 150˚C
Operating Ratings(Note 1)
Operating Temperature Range T
MIN
≤T
A
≤T
MAX
LM56BIM, LM56CIM −40˚C ≤T
A
≤+125˚C
Positive Supply Voltage (V
+
) +2.7V to +10V
Maximum V
OUT1
and V
OUT2
+10V
LM56 Electrical Characteristics
The following specifications apply for V
+
= 2.7 V
DC
, and V
REF
load current = 50 µA unless otherwise specified. Boldface lim-
its apply for T
A
=T
J
=T
MIN
to T
MAX
;all other limits T
A
=T
J
= 25˚C unless otherwise specified.
Typical LM56BIM LM56CIM Units
Symbol Parameter Conditions (Note 6) Limits Limits (Limits)
(Note 7) (Note 7)
Temperature Sensor
Trip Point Accuracy (Includes ±2±3 ˚C (max)
V
REF
, Comparator Offset, and +25˚C ≤T
A
≤+85˚C ±2±3 ˚C (max)
Temperature Sensitivity errors) −40˚C ≤T
A
≤+125˚C ±3±4˚C (max)
Trip Point Hysteresis T
A
= −40˚C 4 3 3 ˚C (min)
6 6 ˚C (max)
T
A
= +25˚C 5 3.5 3.5 ˚C (min)
6.5 6.5 ˚C (max)
T
A
= +85˚C 6 4.5 4.5 ˚C (min)
7.5 7.5 ˚C (max)
T
A
= +125˚C 6 4 4 ˚C (min)
8 8 ˚C (max)
Internal Temperature +6.20 mV/˚C
Sensitivity
Temperature Sensitivity Error ±2±3 ˚C (max)
±3±4˚C (max)
Output Impedance −1 µA ≤I
L
≤+40 µA 1500 1500 Ω(max)
Line Regulation +3.0V ≤V
+
≤+10V,
+25˚C≤T
A
≤+85˚C ±
0.36 ±0.36 mV/V (max)
+3.0V ≤V
+
≤+10V,
−40˚C≤T
A
<
25˚C ±
0.61 ±0.61 mV/V (max)
+2.7V ≤V
+
≤+3.3V ±2.3 ±2.3 mV (max)
V
T1
and V
T2
Analog Inputs
I
BIAS
Analog Input Bias Current 150 300 300 nA (max)
V
IN
Analog Input Voltage Range V
+
−1 V
GND V
V
OS
Comparator Offset 2 88mV (max)
V
REF
Output
V
REF
V
REF
Nominal 1.250V V
V
REF
Error ±1±1% (max)
±12.5 ±12.5 mV (max)
∆V
REF
/∆V
+
Line Regulation +3.0V ≤V
+
≤+10V 0.13 0.25 0.25 mV/V (max)
+2.7V ≤V
+
≤+3.3V 0.15 1.1 1.1 mV (max)
∆V
REF
/∆I
L
Load Regulation Sourcing +30 µA ≤I
L
≤+50 µA 0.15 0.15 mV/µA
(max)
LM56
www.national.com3
LM56 Electrical Characteristics
The following specifications apply for V
+
= 2.7 V
DC
, and V
REF
load current = 50 µA unless otherwise specified. Boldface lim-
its apply for T
A
=T
J
=T
MIN
to T
MAX
;all other limits T
A
=T
J
= 25˚C unless otherwise specified.
Symbol Parameter Conditions Typical Limits Units
(Note 6) (Note 7) (Limits)
V
+
Power Supply
I
S
Supply Current V
+
= +10V 230 µA (max)
V
+
= +2.7V 230 µA (max)
Digital Outputs
I
OUT(“1”)
Logical “1” Output Leakage V
+
= +5.0V 1µA (max)
Current
V
OUT(“0”)
Logical “0” Output Voltage I
OUT
= +50 µA 0.4 V (max)
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is
functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. The guaranteed
specifications apply only for the test conditions listed. Some performance characteristics may degrade when the device is not operated under the listed test
conditions.
Note 2: When the input voltage (VI) at any pin exceeds the power supply (VI<GND or VI>V+), the current at that pin should be limited to 5 mA. The 20 mA
maximum package input current rating limits the number of pins that can safely exceed the power supplies with an input current of 5 mA to four.
Note 3: The maximum power dissipation must be derated at elevated temperatures and is dictated by TJmax (maximum junction temperature), θJA (junction to
ambient thermal resistance) and TA(ambient temperature). The maximum allowable power dissipation at any temperature is PD=(T
Jmax–TA)/θJA or the number
given in the Absolute Maximum Ratings, whichever is lower. For this device, TJmax = 125˚C. For this device the typical thermal resistance (θJA) of the different
package types when board mounted follow:
Package Type θ
JA
M08A 110˚C/W
MUA08A 250˚C/W
Note 4: The human body model is a 100 pF capacitor discharge through a 1.5 kΩresistor into each pin. The machine model is a 200 pF capacitor discharged
directly into each pin.
Note 5: See AN450 “Surface Mounting Methods and Their Effects on Product Reliability” or the section titled “Surface Mount” found in any post 1986 National
Semiconductor Linear Data Book for other methods of soldering surface mount devices.
Note 6: Typicals are at TJ=T
A= 25˚C and represent most likely parametric norm.
Note 7: Limits are guaranteed to National’s AOQL (Average Outgoing Quality Level).
LM56
www.national.com 4
Typical Performance Characteristics
Quiescent Current vs
Temperature
DS012893-4
V
REF
Output Voltage vs
Load Current
DS012893-5
OUT1 and OUT2 Voltage
Levels vs Load Current
DS012893-32
Trip Point Hysteresis vs
Temperature
DS012893-7
Temperature Sensor
Output Voltage vs
Temperature
DS012893-8
Temperature Sensor
Output Accuracy vs
Temperature
DS012893-9
Trip Point
Accuracy vs Temperature
DS012893-10
Comparator Bias Current
vs Temperature
DS012893-11
OUT1 and OUT2 Leakage
Current vs Temperature
DS012893-12
LM56
www.national.com5
Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
V
TEMP
Output
Line Regulation vs Temperature
DS012893-31
V
REF
Start-Up Response
DS012893-13
V
TEMP
Start-Up Response
DS012893-14
LM56
www.national.com 6
Functional Description
1.0 PIN DESCRIPTION
V
+
This is the positive supply voltage pin. This pin
should be bypassed with 0.1 µF capacitor to
ground.
GND This is the ground pin.
V
REF
This is the 1.250V bandgap voltage reference out-
put pin. In order to maintain trip point accuracy this
pin should source a 50 µA load.
V
TEMP
This is the temperature sensor output pin.
OUT1 This is an open collector digital output. OUT1 is
active LOW. It goes LOW when the temperature is
greater than T
1
and goes HIGH when the tempera-
ture drops below T
1
–5˚C. This output is not in-
tended to directly drive a fan motor.
OUT2 This is an open collector digital output. OUT2 is
active LOW. It goes LOW when the temperature is
greater than the T
2
set point and goes HIGH when
the temperature is less than T
2
–5˚C. This output is
not intended to directly drive a fan motor.
V
T1
This is the input pin for the temperature trip point
voltage for OUT1.
V
T2
This is the input pin for the low temperature trip
point voltage for OUT2.
DS012893-15
DS012893-16
VT1 = 1.250V x (R1)/(R1 + R2 + R3)
VT2 = 1.250V x (R1 + R2)/(R1 + R2 + R3)
where:
(R1+R2+R3)=27kΩand
VT1 or T2 = [6.20 mV/˚C x T] + 395 mV therefore:
R1=V
T1/(1.25V) x 27 kΩ
R2=(V
T2/(1.25V) x 27 k)Ω–R1
R3=27kΩ−R1−R2
LM56
www.national.com7
Application Hints
2.0 LM56 TRIP POINT ACCURACY SPECIFICATION
For simplicity the following is an analysis of the trip point
accuracy using the single output configuration show in
Fig-
ure 2
with a set point of 82˚C.
Trip Point Error Voltage = V
TPE
,
Comparator Offset Error for V
T1E
Temperature Sensor Error = V
TSE
Reference Output Error = V
RE
1. V
TPE
=±V
T1E
−V
TSE
+V
RE
Where:
2. V
T1E
=±8 mV (max)
3. V
TSE
= (6.20 mV/˚C) x (±3˚C) = ±18.6 mV
4. V
RE
= 1.250V x (±0.01) R2/(R1 + R2)
Using Equations from page 1 of the datasheet.
V
T1
=1.25VxR2/(R1+R2)=(6.20 mV/˚C)(82˚C) +395 mV
Solving for R2/(R1 + R2) = 0.7227
then,
5. V
RE
= 1.250V x (±0.01) R2/(R1 + R2) = (0.0125) x
(0.7227) = ±9.03 mV
The individual errors do not add algebraically because, the
odds of all the errors being at their extremes are rare. This is
proven by the fact the specification for the trip point accuracy
stated in the Electrical Characteristic for the temperature
range of −40˚C to +125˚C, for example, is specified at ±3˚C
for the LM56BIM. Note this trip point error specification does
not include any error introduced by the tolerance of the
actual resistors used, nor any error introduced by power
supply variation.
If the resistors have a ±0.5% tolerance, an additional error of
±0.4˚C will be introduced. This error will increase to ±0.8˚C
when both external resistors have a ±1% tolerance.
3.0 BIAS CURRENT EFFECT ON
TRIP POINT ACCURACY
Bias current for the comparator inputs is 300 nA (max) each,
over the specified temperature range and will not introduce
considerable error if the sum of the resistor values are kept
to about 27 kΩas shown in the typical application of
Figure
1
. This bias current of one comparator input will not flow if
the temperature is well below the trip point level. As the
temperature approaches trip point level the bias current will
start to flow into the resistor network. When the temperature
sensor output is equal to the trip point level the bias current
will be 150 nA(max). Once the temperature is well above the
trip point level the bias current will be 300 nA (max). There-
fore, the first trip point will be affected by 150 nA of bias
current. The leakage current is very small when the com-
parator input transistor of the different pair is off (see
Figure
3
).
The effect of the bias current on the first trip point can be
defined by the following equations:
where I
B
= 300 nA (the maximum specified error).
The effect of the bias current on the second trip point can be
defined by the following equations:
where I
B
= 300 nA (the maximum specified error).
The closer the two trip points are to each other the more
significant the error is. Worst case would be when V
T1
=V
T2
=V
REF
/2.
DS012893-17
FIGURE 2. Single Output Configuration
LM56
www.national.com 8
Application Hints (Continued)
4.0 MOUNTING CONSIDERATIONS
The majority of the temperature that the LM56 is measuring
is the temperature of its leads. Therefore, when the LM56 is
placed on a printed circuit board, it is not sensing the tem-
perature of the ambient air. It is actually sensing the tem-
perature difference of the air and the lands and printed circuit
board that the leads are attached to. The most accurate
temperature sensing is obtained when the ambient tempera-
ture is equivalent to the LM56’s lead temperature.
As with any IC, the LM56 and accompanying wiring and
circuits must be kept insulated and dry, to avoid leakage and
corrosion. This is especially true if the cirucit may operate at
cold temperatures where condensation can occur.
Printed-circuit coatings and varnishes such as Humiseal and
epoxy paints or dips are often used to ensure that moisture
cannot corrode the LM56 or its connections.
DS012893-18
FIGURE 3. Simplified Schematic
LM56
www.national.com9
Application Hints (Continued)
5.0 V
REF
AND V
TEMP
CAPACTIVE LOADING
The LM56 V
REF
and V
TEMP
outputs handle capacitive load-
ing well. Without any special precautions, these outputs can
drive any capacitive load as shown in
Figure 4
.
6.0 NOISY ENVIRONMENTS
Over the specified temperature range the LM56 V
TEMP
out-
put has a maximum output impedance of 1500Ω.Inan
extremely noisy environment it may be necessary to add
some filtering to minimize noise pickup. It is recommended
that 0.1 µF be added from V
+
to GND to bypass the power
supply voltage, as shown in
Figure 4
. In a noisy environment
it may be necessary to add a capacitor from the V
TEMP
output to ground. A 1 µF output capacitor with the 1500Ω
output impedance will form a 106 Hz lowpass filter. Since the
thermal time constant of the V
TEMP
output is much slower
than the 9.4 ms time constant formed by the RC, the overall
response time of the V
TEMP
output will not be significantly
affected. For much larger capacitors this additional time lag
will increase the overall response time of the LM56.
7.0 APPLICATIONS CIRCUITS
The circuit shown in
Figure 5
will reduce the effective bias
current error for V
T2
as discussed in Section 3.0 to be
equivalent to the error term of V
T1
. For this circuit the effect
of the bias current on the first trip point can be defined by the
following equations:
where I
B
= 300 nA (the maximum specified error).
Similarly, bias current affect on V
T2
can be defined by:
where I
B
= 300 nA (the maximum specified error).
The current shown in
Figure 6
is a simple overtemperature
detector for power devices. In this example, an audio power
amplifier IC is bolted to a heat sink and an LM56 Celsius
temperature sensor is mounted on a PC board that is bolted
to the heat sink near the power amplifier. To ensure that the
sensing element is at the same temperature as the heat sink,
the sensor’s leads are mounted to pads that have feed
throughs to the back side of the PC board. Since the LM56 is
sensing the temperature of the actual PC board the back
side of the PC board also has large ground plane to help
conduct the heat to the device. The comparator’s output
goes low if the heat sink temperature rises above a threshold
set by R1, R2, and the voltage reference. This fault detection
output from the comparator now can be used to turn on a
cooling fan. The circuit as shown in design to turn the fan on
when heat sink temperature exceeds about 80˚C, and to turn
the fan off when the heat sink temperature falls below ap-
proximately 75˚C.
DS012893-19
FIGURE 4. Loading of V
REF
and V
TEMP
DS012893-20
FIGURE 5. Reducing Errors Caused by Bias Current
LM56
www.national.com 10
Application Hints (Continued)
DS012893-21
FIGURE 6. Audio Power Amplifier Overtemperature Detector
DS012893-22
FIGURE 7. Simple Thermostat
LM56
www.national.com11
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted
8-Lead (0.150" Wide) Molded Small Outline Package, JEDEC
Order Number LM56BIM, LM56BIMX, LM56CIM or LM56CIMX
NS Package Number M08A
LM56
www.national.com 12
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)
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NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT
DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL
COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein:
1. Life support devices or systems are devices or
systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant
into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and
whose failure to perform when properly used in
accordance with instructions for use provided in the
labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a
significant injury to the user.
2. A critical component is any component of a life
support device or system whose failure to perform
can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of
the life support device or system, or to affect its
safety or effectiveness.
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Corporation
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Tel: 1-800-272-9959
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www.national.com
8-Lead Molded Mini Small Outline Package (MSOP)
(JEDEC REGISTRATION NUMBER M0-187)
Order Number LM56BIMM, LM56BIMMX, LM56CIMM, or LM56CIMMX
NS Package Number MUA08A
LM56 Dual Output Low Power Thermostat
National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.
National P/N LM56 - Dual Output Low Power Thermostat
See Microcontroller
Products
Products > Analog - Thermal Management > LM56
LM56 Product Folder
Dual Output Low Power Thermostat
Generic P/N 56
General
Description Features Datasheet Package
& Models Samples
& Pricing
Parametric Table Parametric Table
Operating Temperature Range -40 to +125 Deg C
Sensor Gain (Tmin to Tmax) 6.2 mV/Deg C
Supply Voltage Range +2.7V to +10V
Quiesent Current (mA) .23
Min. Accuracy -3 Deg C, -4 Deg C
Max. Accuracy +3 Deg C, +4 Deg C
Temp. Resolution Comparator Output
Datasheet
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Kbytes
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LM56 Dual Output Low Power Thermostat (JAPANESE)646
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Package Availability, Models, Samples & Pricing
Part Number Package Status Models Samples &
Electronic
Orders
Budgetary
Pricing Std
Pack
Size
Package
Marking
Type Pins MSL SPICE IBIS Qty $US each
LM56BIM SOIC
NARROW 8MSL Full production N/A N/A
24 Hour
Samples
Buy Now
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of
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[logo]¢2¢T
LM56
BIM
LM56CIM SOIC
NARROW 8MSL Full production N/A N/A
24 Hour
Samples
Buy Now
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of
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[logo]¢2¢T
LM56
CIM
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National P/N LM56 - Dual Output Low Power Thermostat
LM56BIMM MINI SOIC 8MSL Full production N/A N/A
Samples
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of
1000
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T02B
LM56CIMM MINI SOIC 8MSL Full production N/A N/A
Samples
Buy Now
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of
1000
¢Z¢1¢T
T02C
LM56C MDC Die Full production N/A N/A
Samples
tray
of
N/A -
LM56C MWC Wafer Full production N/A N/A
wafer
jar
of
N/A
-
General Description
The LM56 is a precision low power thermostat. Two stable temperature trip points (VT1 and VT2) are
generated by dividing down the LM56 1.250V bandgap voltage reference using 3 external resistors. The
LM56 has two digital outputs. OUT1 goes LOW when the temperature exceeds T1 and goes HIGH when the
the temperature goes below (T1-THYST). Similarly, OUT2 goes LOW when the temperature exceeds T2 and
goes HIGH when the temperature goes below (T2-THYST). THYST is an internally set 5°C typical hysteresis.
The LM56 is available in an 8-lead Mini-SO8 surface mount package and an 8-lead small outline package.
Features
● Digital outputs support TTL logic levels
● Internal temperature sensor
● 2 internal comparators with hysteresis
● Internal voltage reference
● Currently available in 8-pin SO plastic package
● Future availability in the 8-pin Mini-SO8 package
Key Specification
Power Supply Voltage 2.7V-10V
Power Supply Current 230 µA (max)
VREF 1.250V ±1% (max)
Hysteresis Temperature 5°C
Internal Temperature Sensor Output Voltage (+6.20 mV/°C x T) +395 mV
● Temperature Trip Point Accuracy:
LM56BIM LM56CIM
+25°C ±2°C (max) ±3°C (max)
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National P/N LM56 - Dual Output Low Power Thermostat
+25°C to +85°C ±2°C (max) ±3°C (max)
-40°C to +125°C ±3°C (max) ±4°C (max)
Applications
● Microprocessor Thermal Management
● Appliances
● Portable Battery Powered 3.0V or 5V Systems
● Fan Control
● Industrial Process Control
● HVAC Systems
● Remote Temperature Sensing
● Electronic System Protection
[Information as of 5-Aug-2002]
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