®
8845A/8846A
Digital Multimeter
Users Manual
July 2006, Rev. 2, 6/08
© 2006, 2007, 2008 Fluke Corporation. Specifications subject to change without notice. All rights reserved.
All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.
LIMITED WARRANTY AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
Each Fluke product is warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use and
service. The warranty period is one year and begins on the date of shipment. Parts, product repairs, and
services are warranted for 90 days. This warranty extends only to the original buyer or end-user customer of
a Fluke authorized reseller, and does not apply to fuses, disposable batteries, or to any product which, in
Fluke's opinion, has been misused, altered, neglected, contaminated, or damaged by accident or abnormal
conditions of operation or handling. Fluke warrants that software will operate substantially in accordance
with its functional specifications for 90 days and that it has been properly recorded on non-defective media.
Fluke does not warrant that software will be error free or operate without interruption.
Fluke authorized resellers shall extend this warranty on new and unused products to end-user customers
only but have no authority to extend a greater or different warranty on behalf of Fluke. Warranty support is
available only if product is purchased through a Fluke authorized sales outlet or Buyer has paid the
applicable international price. Fluke reserves the right to invoice Buyer for importation costs of
repair/replacement parts when product purchased in one country is submitted for repair in another country.
Fluke's warranty obligation is limited, at Fluke's option, to refund of the purchase price, free of charge repair,
or replacement of a defective product which is returned to a Fluke authorized service center within the
warranty period.
To obtain warranty service, contact your nearest Fluke authorized service center to obtain return
authorization information, then send the product to that service center, with a description of the difficulty,
postage and insurance prepaid (FOB Destination). Fluke assumes no risk for damage in transit. Following
warranty repair, the product will be returned to Buyer, transportation prepaid (FOB Destination). If Fluke
determines that failure was caused by neglect, misuse, contamination, alteration, accident, or abnormal
condition of operation or handling, including overvoltage failures caused by use outside the product’s
specified rating, or normal wear and tear of mechanical components, Fluke will provide an estimate of repair
costs and obtain authorization before commencing the work. Following repair, the product will be returned to
the Buyer transportation prepaid and the Buyer will be billed for the repair and return transportation charges
(FOB Shipping Point).
THIS WARRANTY IS BUYER'S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER
WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY
OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. FLUKE SHALL NOT BE LIABLE
FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSSES,
INCLUDING LOSS OF DATA, ARISING FROM ANY CAUSE OR THEORY.
Since some countries or states do not allow limitation of the term of an implied warranty, or exclusion or
limitation of incidental or consequential damages, the limitations and exclusions of this warranty may not
apply to every buyer. If any provision of this Warranty is held invalid or unenforceable by a court or other
decision-maker of competent jurisdiction, such holding will not affect the validity or enforceability of any other
provision.
Fluke Corporation
P.O. Box 9090
Everett, WA 98206-9090
U.S.A.
Fluke Europe B.V.
P.O. Box 1186
5602 BD Eindhoven
The Netherlands
11/99
To register your product online, visit http://register.fluke.com
i
Table of Contents
Chapter Title Page
1 Introduction and Specifications......................................................... 1-1
Introduction........................................................................................................ 1-3
Manual Set ......................................................................................................... 1-3
About this Manual ............................................................................................. 1-4
Safety Information ............................................................................................. 1-4
General Safety Summary............................................................................... 1-4
Symbols ......................................................................................................... 1-6
Instrument Security Procedures ......................................................................... 1-6
Volatile Memory ........................................................................................... 1-6
Non Volatile Memory.................................................................................... 1-7
Media Memory (8846A Only)....................................................................... 1-7
Accessories ........................................................................................................ 1-7
General Specifications ....................................................................................... 1-9
Power............................................................................................................. 1-9
Dimensions.................................................................................................... 1-9
Display........................................................................................................... 1-9
Environment .................................................................................................. 1-9
Safety............................................................................................................. 1-9
EMC .............................................................................................................. 1-9
Triggering...................................................................................................... 1-9
Memory ......................................................................................................... 1-10
Math Functions.............................................................................................. 1-10
Electrical........................................................................................................ 1-10
Remote Interfaces.......................................................................................... 1-10
Warranty........................................................................................................ 1-10
Electrical Specifications .................................................................................... 1-10
DC Voltage Specifications ............................................................................ 1-10
AC Voltage Specifications ............................................................................ 1-11
Resistance...................................................................................................... 1-14
DC Current .................................................................................................... 1-15
AC Current .................................................................................................... 1-16
Frequency ...................................................................................................... 1-19
Capacitance (8846A Only) ............................................................................ 1-21
Temperature (8846A only) ............................................................................ 1-21
Additional Errors........................................................................................... 1-21
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
ii
Continuity...................................................................................................... 1-21
Diode Test ..................................................................................................... 1-22
Measurement Rates (IEEE488[4])................................................................. 1-22
2 Preparing the Meter for Operation..................................................... 2-1
Introduction........................................................................................................ 2-3
Unpacking and Inspecting the Meter ................................................................. 2-3
Contacting Fluke................................................................................................ 2-3
Storing and Shipping the Meter ......................................................................... 2-3
Power Considerations ........................................................................................ 2-3
Selecting the Line Voltage ............................................................................ 2-4
Replacing the Fuses....................................................................................... 2-4
Connecting to Line Power ................................................................................. 2-7
Turning Power-On ............................................................................................. 2-8
Adjusting the Bail .............................................................................................. 2-8
Installing the Meter in an Equipment Rack ....................................................... 2-8
Cleaning the Meter............................................................................................. 2-9
3 Front-Panel Operation ........................................................................ 3-1
Introduction........................................................................................................ 3-3
Controls and Indicators...................................................................................... 3-4
Front-Panel Feature Descriptions .................................................................. 3-4
Display Panel................................................................................................. 3-5
Rear-Panel Connectors .................................................................................. 3-7
Adjusting the Meter’s Range......................................................................... 3-8
Navigating the Front-Panel Menu...................................................................... 3-8
Configuring the Meter for a Measurement ........................................................ 3-8
Setting the Beeper State................................................................................. 3-8
Setting the Display Resolution ...................................................................... 3-9
Setting the AC Signal Filter .......................................................................... 3-9
Setting Continuity Resistance Threshold and Diode Test Parameters .......... 3-10
Setting the Default Temperature Scale (8846A Only) .................................. 3-10
Enabling High Input Impedance.................................................................... 3-10
Using the Analyze Functions ............................................................................. 3-11
Collecting Statistics on Measurements.......................................................... 3-11
Testing Using Limits ..................................................................................... 3-12
Setting an Offset Value ................................................................................. 3-13
Using MX+B ................................................................................................. 3-13
Using TrendPlot............................................................................................. 3-14
Using the Histogram Function....................................................................... 3-15
Controlling Trigger Functions ........................................................................... 3-16
Choosing a Trigger Source............................................................................ 3-16
Setting the Trigger Delay .............................................................................. 3-17
Setting the Number of Samples..................................................................... 3-18
Understanding the Measurement Complete Signal ....................................... 3-18
Accessing and Controlling Memory.............................................................. 3-18
Storing Readings in Memory......................................................................... 3-18
Recalling Readings from Memory ................................................................ 3-20
Storing Meter Configuration Information ..................................................... 3-20
Storing the Power-up Configuration.............................................................. 3-21
Recalling the Power-up Configuration .......................................................... 3-21
Removing the Power-up Configuration......................................................... 3-22
Recalling a Meter Configuration ................................................................... 3-22
Managing Memory ........................................................................................ 3-22
Contents (continued)
iii
Controlling System-Related Operations ............................................................ 3-23
Identifying Meter Errors................................................................................ 3-23
Querying the Firmware for Revision Level................................................... 3-24
Adjusting Display Brightness........................................................................ 3-24
Setting the Meter’s Date and Time................................................................ 3-24
USB Operation .............................................................................................. 3-24
USB Storage Capacity and Write Time......................................................... 3-24
USB Memory Device Compatibility and Special Instruction ....................... 3-25
Configuring the Remote Interface ..................................................................... 3-25
Checking the Meter’s Calibration Date ............................................................. 3-25
Resetting the Meter’s Default Settings .............................................................. 3-27
4 Making Measurements........................................................................ 4-1
Introduction........................................................................................................ 4-3
Selecting Function Modifiers............................................................................. 4-3
Activating the Secondary Display ..................................................................... 4-3
Measuring Voltage............................................................................................. 4-4
Measuring DC Voltage.................................................................................. 4-4
Measuring AC Voltage.................................................................................. 4-5
Measuring Frequency and Period ...................................................................... 4-7
Measuring Resistance ........................................................................................ 4-7
Making a Two-wire Resistance Measurement .............................................. 4-8
Making a Four-wire Resistance Measurement .............................................. 4-8
Measuring Current ............................................................................................. 4-10
Measuring DC Current .................................................................................. 4-11
Measuring AC Current .................................................................................. 4-12
Measuring Capacitance (8846A only) ............................................................... 4-13
Measuring RTD Temperature (8846A only) ..................................................... 4-14
Testing Continuity ............................................................................................. 4-15
Checking Diodes................................................................................................ 4-16
Making a Triggered Measurement..................................................................... 4-17
Setting the Trigger Mode............................................................................... 4-17
Setting a Trigger Delay ................................................................................. 4-17
Setting Number of Samples per Trigger........................................................ 4-17
Connecting an External Trigger .................................................................... 4-18
Monitoring the Measurement-Complete Signal................................................. 4-18
Appendices
A 2X4 Test Leads............................................................................................ A-1
B Errors........................................................................................................... B-1
C RS-232 Port Connections ............................................................................ C-1
D Analog Filter Applications .......................................................................... D-1
Index
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
iv
v
List of Tables
Table Title Page
1-1. Safety Information ................................................................................................. 1-5
1-2. Safety and Electrical Symbols................................................................................ 1-6
1-3. Volatile Memory Space.......................................................................................... 1-6
1-4. Non-volatile Memory Space .................................................................................. 1-7
1-5. Accessories............................................................................................................. 1-7
2-1. Line Voltage to Fuse Rating................................................................................... 2-5
2-2. Line Power Cord Types Available from Fluke ...................................................... 2-7
3-1. Front-Panel Controls and Connectors .................................................................... 3-4
3-2. Display Elements ................................................................................................... 3-6
3-3. Rear-Panel Connectors........................................................................................... 3-7
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
vi
vii
List of Figures
Figure Title Page
2-1. Replacing the Line Fuse......................................................................................... 2-5
2-2. Replacing the Current Input Fuses ......................................................................... 2-6
2-3. Line Power Cords Types Available from Fluke..................................................... 2-7
2-4. Bail Adjustment and Removal ............................................................................... 2-8
3-1. TrendPlot Display .................................................................................................. 3-15
3-2. Histogram Display ................................................................................................. 3-16
4-1. Input Connections for Voltage, Resistance, and Frequency Measurements .......... 4-4
4-2. Input Connections for 4-wire Resistance Measurements ....................................... 4-9
4-3. Input Connections for 4-wire Ohms Using 2x4 Wire Leads.................................. 4-10
4-4. Input Connections for Current Measurements Below 400 mA.............................. 4-11
4-5. Input Connections for Current Measurements Above 400 mA.............................. 4-11
4-6. Measuring Capacitance .......................................................................................... 4-14
4-7. Temperature Measurements ................................................................................... 4-14
4-8. Diode Testing Connections .................................................................................... 4-16
4-9. TRIG I/O Pin-out Description................................................................................ 4-18
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
viii
1-1
Chapter 1
Introduction and Specifications
Title Page
Introduction........................................................................................................ 1-3
Manual Set ......................................................................................................... 1-3
About this Manual ............................................................................................. 1-4
Safety Information ............................................................................................. 1-4
General Safety Summary............................................................................... 1-4
Symbols ......................................................................................................... 1-6
Instrument Security Procedures ......................................................................... 1-6
Volatile Memory ........................................................................................... 1-6
Non Volatile Memory.................................................................................... 1-7
Media Memory (8846A Only)....................................................................... 1-7
Accessories ........................................................................................................ 1-7
General Specifications ....................................................................................... 1-9
Power............................................................................................................. 1-9
Dimensions.................................................................................................... 1-9
Display........................................................................................................... 1-9
Environment .................................................................................................. 1-9
Safety............................................................................................................. 1-9
EMC .............................................................................................................. 1-9
Triggering...................................................................................................... 1-9
Memory ......................................................................................................... 1-10
Math Functions.............................................................................................. 1-10
Electrical........................................................................................................ 1-10
Remote Interfaces.......................................................................................... 1-10
Warranty........................................................................................................ 1-10
Electrical Specifications .................................................................................... 1-10
DC Voltage Specifications ............................................................................ 1-10
AC Voltage Specifications ............................................................................ 1-11
Resistance...................................................................................................... 1-14
DC Current .................................................................................................... 1-15
AC Current .................................................................................................... 1-16
Frequency ...................................................................................................... 1-19
Capacitance (8846A Only) ............................................................................ 1-21
Temperature (8846A only) ............................................................................ 1-21
Additional Errors........................................................................................... 1-21
Continuity...................................................................................................... 1-21
Introduction and Specifications
Introduction 1
1-3
Introduction
The 8845A and 8846A are 6-1/2 digit, dual-display multimeters designed for bench-top,
field service, and system applications. Their full complement of measurement functions
plus its RS-232, IEEE 488, and Ethernet Remote Interfaces makes these multimeters
ideal candidates for precision manual measurements and use in automated systems. For
portability, these multimeters include a carrying handle that also serves as a bail for
bench top operation.
There are a few feature differences between these two multimeters, and some
specifications are tighter for the 8846A. Features that exist in only one multimeter will be
identified with the addition of “8846A Only” by each feature that is found only in that
model. Separate specification tables are also used to clarify the differences between these
two models.
The following is a list of some of the features and functions:
• Bright, large-digit, wide-viewing-angle display
• Dual display for displaying two properties of an input signal (e.g., ac voltage in one
display and frequency in the other).
• Remote operation via IEEE 488, RS-232, and Ethernet interface.
• Trigger in and measurement-complete out
• Front panel USB port for optional memory (8846A Only)
• 6-1/2 digit resolution
• Half-rack width
• True rms ac
• 2 and 4-wire resistance measurements
• Extended 10 Ω and 1 GΩ ranges (8846A Only)
• Frequency measurements to 300 kHz (8846A to 1 MHz)
• Capacitance measurements (8846A Only)
• Temperature measurement (8846A Only)
• 10 A current capability
• Decibels (dB and dBm) with variable reference impedance and audio power
measurement capability
• Input terminals on both front and rear panels of the meter
• Closed-case calibration (no internal calibration adjustments)
Manual Set
The manual set for these multimeters consists of a Users Manual and Programmers
Manual on a CD ROM. The Users Manual contains information on specifications, setup,
and operating from the front panel. The Programmers Manual covers operating the Meter
from a PC or controller.
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
1-4
About this Manual
This is the Users Manual for the 8845A and 8846A Digital Multimeters (hereafter
referred to as the Meter). It contains all of the information a new user will need to operate
the Meter effectively. The manual is divided into the following chapters:
Chapter 1 “Introduction and Specifications” provides information on how to safely
use the Meter, standard and optional accessories, and specifications.
Chapter 2 “Preparing for Operation” provides information on setting the Meter’s line
voltage, connecting it to a power source, and turning the Meter on.
Chapter 3 “Front Panel Operation” introduces the controls and connections on the
front and rear panels of the Meter.
Chapter 4 “Making Measurements” provides detailed information on using the Meter
to make electrical measurements.
Appendices
Safety Information
This section addresses safety considerations and describes symbols that may appear on
the Meter or in the manual.
A XW Warning statement identifies conditions or practices that could result in injury
or death.
A W Caution statement identifies conditions or practices that could result in damage to
the Meter or equipment to which it is connected.
XW Warning
To avoid electric shock, personal injury, or death, carefully read
the information under “Safety Information” before attempting to
install, use, or service the Meter.
General Safety Summary
This instrument has been designed and tested in accordance with the European standard
publication EN 61010-1:2001 and U.S. / Canadian standard publications UL 61010-1A1
and CAN/CSA-C22.2 No.61010.1. The Meter has been supplied in a safe condition.
This manual contains information and warnings that must be observed to keep the
instrument in a safe condition and ensure safe operation.
To use the Meter correctly and safely, read and follow the precautions in Table 1-1, and
follow all the safety instructions or warnings given throughout this manual that relate to
specific measurement functions. In addition, follow all generally accepted safety
practices and procedures required when working with and around electricity.
CAT I equipment is designed to protect against transients from high-voltage, low-energy
sources, such as electronic circuits or a copy machine.
CAT II equipment is designed to protect against transients from energy-consuming
equipment supplied from the fixed installtion, such as TVs, PCs, portable tools, and other
houseshold appliances.
Introduction and Specifications
Safety Information 1
1-5
Table 1-1. Safety Information
XW Warning
To avoid possible electric shock, personal injury, or death, read the following before using
the Meter:
• Use the Meter only as specified in this manual, or the protection provided by the Meter
might be impaired.
• Do not use the Meter in wet environments.
• Inspect the Meter before using it. Do not use the Meter if it appears damaged.
• Inspect the test leads before use. Do not use them if insulation is damaged or metal is
exposed. Check the test leads for continuity. Replace damaged test leads before using
the Meter.
• Verify the Meter's operation by measuring a known voltage before and after using it. Do
not use the Meter if it operates abnormally. Protection may be impaired. If in doubt, have
the Meter serviced.
• Whenever it is likely that safety protection has been impaired, make the Meter inoperative
and secure it against any unintended operation.
• Have the Meter serviced only by qualified service personnel.
• Do not apply more than the rated voltage, as marked on the Meter, between the terminals
or between any terminal and earth ground.
• Always use the power cord and connector appropriate for the voltage and outlet of the
country or location in which you are working.
• Remove test leads from the Meter before opening the case.
• Never remove the cover or open the case of the Meter without first removing it from the
main power source.
• Never operate the Meter with the cover removed or the case open.
• Use caution when working with voltages above 30 V ac rms, 42 V ac peak, or 42 V dc.
These voltages pose a shock hazard.
• Use only the replacement fuse(s) specified by the manual.
• Use the proper terminals, function, and range for your measurements.
• Do not operate the Meter around explosive gas, vapor, or dust.
• When using probes, keep your fingers behind the finger guards.
• When making electrical connections, connect the common test lead before connecting
the live test lead; when disconnecting, disconnect the live test lead before disconnecting
the common test lead.
• Disconnect circuit power and discharge all high-voltage capacitors before testing
resistance, continuity, diodes, or capacitance.
• Before measuring current, check the Meter's fuses and turn OFF power to the circuit
before connecting the Meter to the circuit.
• When servicing the Meter, use only specified replacement parts.
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
1-6
Symbols
Table 1-2 is a list of safety and electrical symbols that appear on the Meter or in this
manual.
Table 1-2. Safety and Electrical Symbols
Symbol Description Symbol Description
W Risk of danger. Important
information. See manual O Display ON / OFF
X Hazardous voltage. Voltage >30 V dc
or ac peak might be present J Earth ground
B AC (Alternating Current) E Capacitance
F DC (Direct Current) G Diode
I Fuse
D
or
C
AC or DC (Alternating or Direct
Current) Y Digital signal
R Continuity test or continuity beeper
tone U Maintenance or Service
Y Potentially hazardous voltage CAT II IEC 61010 Overvoltage (installation or
measurement) Category 2.
T Double insulated < Recycle
h
Static awareness. Static discharge
can damage part(s) ~Do not dispose of this product as unsorted
municipal waste. Go to Fluke’s website for
recycling information.
Instrument Security Procedures
This section describes the Meter’s memory elements and the procedures for clearing
them.
Volatile Memory
Table 1-3 lists the Meter’s volatile memory elements.
Table 1-3. Volatile Memory Space
Type Size Function
SDRAM 128 MB Out-guard measurement data, user strings, temporary configuration information,
and Ethernet Host name.
SRAM 4 MB In-guard Measurement data and configuration information.
To clear both volatile memory elements listed in Table 1-3:
1. Press M.
2. Press the MANAGE MEMORY soft key.
3. Press the ERASE MEMORY soft key.
Introduction and Specifications
Accessories 1
1-7
Non Volatile Memory
Table 1-4 lists the Meter’s non-volatile memory elements.
Table 1-4. Non-volatile Memory Space
Type Size Function
Flash 128 MB Application program storage, user string, user data, user remote interface
settings, calibration constants.
Flash 4 MB FPGA hardware setup, application program storage, calibration constants.
To clear the 128 MB of non-volatile flash memory listed in Table 1-4:
1. Press M.
2. Press the MANAGE MEMORY soft key.
3. Press the ERASE USB//FLK soft key.
This process clears only the user accessible portion of memory.
Note
The 4 MB non-volatile memory element is not usable and cannot be
cleared by the user.
Media Memory (8846A Only)
The 8846A has a front-panel USB port for connecting flash memory modules up to
2 Gigabytes capacity to store Meter configuration and measurement data. To clear a
memory module while connected to the 8846A:
1. Press M.
2. Press the MANAGE MEMORY soft key.
3. Press the ERASE USB MEMORY soft key.
Accessories
Table 1-5 lists the available accessories for the 8845A and 8846A.
Table 1-5. Accessories
Model/Fluke PN Description
TL71 Premium Test Lead Set
6303 Kelvin Probes
6730 Kelvin Lead Set with Alligator Clips
5940 Kelvin clip set
5143 SMD Test Tweezer Leads
6275 Precision Electronic Probe Set
6344 Basic Electronic DMM Test Set
884X-Short 4-Wire Short
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
1-8
Table 1-5. Accessories (cont)
Model/Fluke PN Description
884X-Case Black plastic case
TL910 Precision Electronic Probe Set
TL910 Precision Electronic Probe Set
TL80A Basic Electronic DMM Test Set
TL2X4W-PTII 2X4 Wire Ohms Test Lead
TL2X4W-TWZ 2X4 Wire Ohms SMD Test Tweezer
8845A-EFPT Test Probe Tip Adapter, Extended Fine Point
8845A-TPIT Test Probe Tip Adapter, IC Probe Tip
803293 Fuse, 11 A, 1000 V, Fast, .406INX1.5IN, Bulk
943121 Fuse, 440 mA, 1000 V, Fast, .406X1.375, Bulk
884X-RTD 100 Ohm RTD Temperature Probe
Y8846S Rack Mount Kit 8845A & 8846A Single
Y8846D Rackmount Kit 8845A & 8846A Dual
Y8021 Shielded IEEE 488 one-meter (39.4 inches) cable, with plug and jack at each end.
Y8022 Shielded IEEE 488 two-meter (78.8 inches) cable, with plug and jack at each end.
884X-USB USB to RS-232 Cable Adapter
RS43 Shielded RS-232 Cable (2 Meters)
884X-ETH Ethernet Cable
884X-512M 512 Mbyte memory (8846A only)
884X-1G 1 Gbyte memory (8846A only)
FVF-SC5 FlukeView Forms, Basic Software
FVF-UG FlukeView Forms, Software Upgrade – No Cable
FVF-SC4 Extended FlukeView Forms with USB Cable
2132558 Calibration, traceable with data
1259800 Calibration, traceable without data
1256480 Calibration, Z540 traceable with data
1258910 Calibration, Z540 traceable, without data
1256990 Calibration, accredited
1024830 Agreement, Extended Warranty
2426684 Agreement, Calibration, Traceable, with data
1028820 Agreement, Calibration, Traceable, without data
1259170 Agreement, Calibration, Z540 Traceable, with data
1258730 Agreement, Calibration, Z540 Traceable, without data
Introduction and Specifications
General Specifications 1
1-9
Table 1-5. Accessories (cont)
Model/Fluke PN Description
1259340 Agreement, Calibration, Accredited
2441827 Agreement, Calibration, primary standards lab
1540600 Agreement, Calibration, artifact
General Specifications
Power
Voltage
100 V Setting ...................................................... 90 V to 110 V
120 V Setting ...................................................... 108 V to 132 V
220 V Setting ...................................................... 198 V to 242 V
240 V Setting ...................................................... 216 V to 264 V
Frequency ............................................................... 47 Hz to 440 Hz. Automatically sensed at power-on.
Power Consumption................................................ 28 VA peak (12 Watt average)
Dimensions
Height...................................................................... 88 mm (3.46 in.)
Width....................................................................... 217 mm (8.56 in.)
Depth ...................................................................... 297 mm (11.7 in.)
Weight..................................................................... 3.6 kg (8.0 lb)
Shipping Weight...................................................... 5.0 kg (11.0 lb)
Display
Vacuum Fluorescent Display, dot matrix
Environment
Temperature
Operating ............................................................ 0 °C to 55 °C
Storage ............................................................... -40 °C to 70 °C
Warm Up............................................................. 1 hour to full uncertainty specifications
Relative Humidity (non-condensing)
Operating ............................................................ 0 °C to 28 °C <90 %
28 °C to 40 °C <80 %
40 °C to 55 °C <50 %
Storage ............................................................... -40 °C to 70 °C <95 %
Altitude
Operating ............................................................ 2,000 Meters
Storage ............................................................... 12,000 Meters
Vibration and Shock................................................ Complies with Mil-T-28800F Type III, Class 5 (Sine only)
Safety
Designed to comply with IEC 61010-1:2000-1, UL 61010-1A1, CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 61010.1, CAT I 1000V/CAT II 600V
EMC
Designed to comply with IEC 61326-1:2000-11 (EMC) when used with shielded communications cables. This Meter has
shown susceptibility to radiated frequencies greater than 1 V/m from 250 to 450 MHz.
Triggering
Samples per Trigger ........................................... 1 to 50,000
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
1-10
Trigger Delay ...................................................... 0 s to 3600 s; in 10 μS increments
External Trigger Delay ........................................ <1 mS
External Trigger Jitter ......................................... <500 μS
Trigger Input ....................................................... TTL Levels
Trigger Output..................................................... 5 V maximum (open collector)
Memory
8845A.................................................................. 10,000 measurements, internal only
8846A.................................................................. 10,000 measurements, internal, and up to 2 Gigabyte capacity with
USB memory module (available separately, see “Accessories”) through
front-panel USB port
Math Functions
Zero, dBm, dB, MX+B, Offset, DCV ratio and TrendPlot, Histogram, Statistics (min/max/average/standard deviation), and
Limit Test
Electrical
Input Protection....................................................... 1000 V all ranges
Overrange ............................................................... 20 % on all ranges except 1000 V dc, 1000 V ac (8846A),
750 V ac (8845A), Diode, and 10 A ranges
Remote Interfaces
RS-232C, DTE 9-pin, 1200 to 230400 baud (RS-232C to USB cable available to connect the Meter to a PC USB port.
See Accessories)
IEEE 488.2
LAN and “Ethernet 10/100 base T with DHCP (for IP_ADDRess) option”
Warranty
One year
Electrical Specifications
Accuracy specifications are valid for 6½ digit resolution mode after at least a 1-hour warm-up with Auto Zero enabled.
24-hour specifications are relative to calibration standards and assume a controlled electromagnetic environment per
EN 61326-1:2000-11
DC Voltage Specifications
Maximum Input ....................................................... 1000 V on any range
Common Mode Rejection ....................................... 140 dB at 50 or 60 Hz ±0.1 % (1 kΩ unbalance)
Normal Mode Rejection .......................................... 60 dB for NPLC of 1 or greater with analog filter off and power line
frequency ±0.1 %
100 dB for NPLC of 1 or greater with analog filter on and power line
frequency ±0.1 %
Measurement Method ............................................. Multi-ramp A/D
A/D Linearity ........................................................... 0.0002 % of measurement +0.0001 % of range
Input Bias Current ................................................... <30 pA at 25 °C
Autozero Off Operation ........................................... Following instrument warm-up at calibration temperature ±1 °C and
less than 10 minutes, add error: 0.0002 % range additional error
+5 μV.
Analog Filter............................................................ When using the analog filter, specifications are relative to within one
hour of using the ZERO function for that range and NPLC setting.
DC Ratio ................................................................. Accuracy is +/- (Input accuracy + Reference accuracy), where Input
accuracy = DC Voltage accuracy for the HI to LO Input (in ppm of the
Input voltage), and Reference accuracy = DC Voltage accuracy for the
HI to LO (Sense) Reference (in ppm of the Reference voltage).
Settling Considerations........................................... Measurement settling times are affected by source impedance, cable
dielectric characteristics, and input signal changes.
Introduction and Specifications
Electrical Specifications 1
1-11
Input Characteristics
Resolution
Range Resolution 4½ Digits 5½ Digits 6½ Digits Input Impedance
100 mV 100.0000 mV 10 μV 1 μV 100 nV 10 MΩ or >10 GΩ [1]
1 V 1.000000 V 100 μV 10 μV 1 μV 10 MΩ or >10 GΩ [1]
10 V 10.00000 V 1 mV 100 μV 10 μV 10 MΩ or >10 GΩ [1]
100 V 100.0000 V 10 mV 1 mV 100 μV 10 MΩ ±1%
1000 V 1,000.000 V 100 mV 10 mV 1 mV 10 MΩ ±1%
[1] Inputs beyond ±14 V are clamped through 200 kΩ typical. 10 MΩ is default input impedance.
8846A Accuracy
Accuracy is given as ± (% measurement + % of range)
Range 24 Hour
(23 ±1 °C)
90 Days
(23 ±5 °C)
1 Year
(23 ±5 °C)
Temperature
Coefficient/ °C
Outside 18 to 28 °C
100 mV 0.0025 + 0.003 0.0025 + 0.0035 0.0037 + 0.0035 0.0005 + 0.0005
1 V 0.0018 + 0.0006 0.0018 + 0.0007 0.0025 + 0.0007 0.0005 + 0.0001
10 V 0.0013 + 0.0004 0.0018 + 0.0005 0.0024 + 0.0005 0.0005 + 0.0001
100 V 0.0018 + 0.0006 0.0027 + 0.0006 0.0038 + 0.0006 0.0005 + 0.0001
1000 V 0.0018 + 0.0006 0.0031 + 0.001 0.0041 + 0.001 0.0005 + 0.0001
8845A Accuracy
Accuracy is given as ± (% measurement + % of range)
Range 24 Hour
(23 ±1 °C)
90 Days
(23 ±5 °C)
1 Year
(23 ±5 °C)
Temperature
Coefficient/ °C
Outside 18 to 28 °C
100 mV 0.003 + 0.003 0.004 + 0.0035 0.005 + 0.0035 0.0005 + 0.0005
1 V 0.002 + 0.0006 0.003 + 0.0007 0.004 + 0.0007 0.0005 + 0.0001
10 V 0.0015 + 0.0004 0.002 + 0.0005 0.0035 + 0.0005 0.0005 + 0.0001
100 V 0.002 + 0.0006 0.0035 + 0.0006 0.0045 + 0.0006 0.0005 + 0.0001
1000 V 0.002 + 0.0006 0.0035 + 0.0010 0.0045 + 0.0010 0.0005 + 0.0001
Additional Errors
Digits NPLC Additional NPLC Noise Error
6½ 100 0 % of range
6½ 10 0 % of range
5½ 1 0.001 % of range
5½ .2
0.0025 % of range +12 μV
4½ 0.02
0.017 % of range +17 μV
AC Voltage Specifications
AC Voltage specifications are for ac sinewave signals >5 % of range. For inputs from 1 % to 5 % of range and <50 kHz,
add an additional error of 0.1 % of range, and for 50 kHz to 100 kHz, add 0.13 % of range.
Maximum Input ....................................................... 750 V rms or 1000 V peak (8845A), 1000 V rms or 1414 V peak
(8846A) or 8 x 107 volts-Hertz product (whichever is less) for any
range.
Measurement Method ............................................. AC-coupled true-rms. Measures the ac component of input with up to
1000 V dc bias on any range.
AC Filter Bandwidth:
Slow .................................................................... 3 Hz – 300 kHz
Medium ............................................................... 20 Hz – 300 kHz
Fast..................................................................... 200 Hz – 300 kHz
Common Mode Rejection ....................................... 70 dB at 50 Hz or 60 Hz ±0.1 % (1 kΩ unbalance)
Crest Factor Error (applies to non-sinusoidal waveforms only)
Maximum Crest Factor ....................................... 5:1 at Full Scale
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
1-12
Additional Crest Factor Errors (<100 Hz)............ Crest factor 1-2, 0.05 % of full scale
Crest factor 2-3, 0.2 % of full scale
Crest factor 3-4, 0.4 % of full scale
Crest factor 4-5, 0.5 % of full scale
Input Characteristics
Resolution
Range Resolution 4½ Digits 5½ Digits 6½ Digits Input Impedance
100 mV 100.0000 mV 10 μV 1 μV 100 nV
1 V 1.000000 V 100 μV 10 μV 1 μV
10 V 10.00000 V 1 mV 100 μV 10 μV
100 V 100.0000 V 10 mV 1 mV 100 μV
1000 V 1,000.000 V 100 mV 10 mV 1 mV
1 MΩ ±2 % shunted
by <100 pf
8846A Accuracy
Accuracy is given as ± (% measurement + % of range)
Range Frequency 24 Hour
(23 ±1 °C)
90 Days
(23 ±5 °C)
1 Year
(23 ±5 °C)
Temperature
Coefficient/ °C
Outside 18 to 28 °C
3 – 5 Hz 1.0 + 0.03 1.0 + 0.04 1.0 + 0.04 0.1 + 0.004
5 – 10 Hz 0.35 + 0.03 0.35 + 0.04 0.35 + 0.04 0.035 + 0.004
10 Hz – 20 kHz 0.04 + 0.03 0.05 + 0.04 0.06 + 0.04 0.005 + 0.004
20 – 50 kHz 0.1 + 0.05 0.11 + 0.05 0.12 + 0.05 0.011 + 0.005
50 – 100 kHz 0.55 + 0.08 0.6 + 0.08 0.6 + 0.08 0.06 + 0.008
100 mV
100 – 300 kHz [1] 4.0 + 0.50 4.0 + 0.50 4.0 + 0.50 0.20 + 0.02
3 – 5 Hz 1.0 + 0.02 1.0 + 0.03 1.0 + 0.03 0.1 + 0.003
5 – 10 Hz 0.35 + 0.02 0.35 + 0.03 0.35 + 0.03 0.035 + 0.003
10 Hz – 20 kHz 0.04 + 0.02 0.05 + 0.03 0.06 + 0.03 0.005 + 0.003
20 – 50 kHz 0.1 + 0.04 0.11 + 0.05 0.12 + 0.05 0.011 + 0.005
50 – 100 kHz 0.55 + 0.08 0.6 + 0.08 0.6 + 0.08 0.06 + 0.008
1 V
100 – 300 kHz [1] 4.0 + 0.50 4.0 + 0.50 4.0 + 0.50 0.2 + 0.02
3 – 5 Hz 1.0 + 0.02 1.0 + 0.03 1.0 + 0.03 0.1 + 0.003
5 – 10 Hz 0.35 + 0.02 0.35 + 0.03 0.35 + 0.03 0.035 + 0.003
10 Hz – 20 kHz 0.04 + 0.02 0.05 + 0.03 0.06 + 0.03 0.005 + 0.003
20 – 50 kHz 0.1 + 0.04 0.11 + 0.05 0.12 + 0.05 0.011 + 0.005
50 – 100 kHz 0.55 + 0.08 0.6 + 0.08 0.6 + 0.08 0.06 + 0.008
10 V
100 – 300 kHz [1] 4.0 + 0.50 4.0 + 0.50 4.0 + 0.50 0.2 + 0.02
3 – 5 Hz 1.0 + 0.02 1.0 + 0.03 1.0 + 0.03 0.1 + 0.003
5 – 10 Hz 0.35 + 0.02 0.35 + 0.03 0.35 + 0.03 0.035 + 0.003
10 Hz – 20 kHz 0.04 + 0.02 0.05 + 0.03 0.06 + 0.03 0.005 + 0.003
20 – 50 kHz 0.1 + 0.04 0.11 + 0.05 0.12 + 0.05 0.011 + 0.005
50 – 100 kHz 0.55 + 0.08 0.6 + 0.08 0.6 + 0.08 0.06 + 0.008
100 V
100 –- 300 kHz [1] 4.0 + 0.50 4.0 + 0.50 4.0 + 0.50 0.2 + 0.02
3 – 5 Hz 1.0 + 0.015 1.0 + 0.0225 1.0 + 0.0225 0.1 + 0.00225
5 – 10 Hz 0.35 + 0.015 0.35 + 0.0225 0.35 + 0.0225 0.035 + 0.00225
10 Hz – 20 kHz 0.04 + 0.015 0.05 + 0.0225 0.06 + 0.0225 0.005 + 0.00225
20 – 50 kHz 0.1 + 0.03 0.11 + 0.0375 0.12 + 0.0375 0.011 + 0.00375
50 – 100 kHz [2] 0.55 + 0.06 0.6 + 0.06 0.6 + 0.06 0.06 + 0.006
1000 V
100 – 300 kHz [1][2] 4.0 + 0.375 4.0 + 0.375 4.0 + 0.375 0.2 + 0.015
[1] Typically 30 % reading error at 1 MHz
[2] 1000 Volt range is limited to 8 X 107 volt-Hertz
Introduction and Specifications
Electrical Specifications 1
1-13
8845A Accuracy
Accuracy is given as ± (% measurement + % of range)
Range Frequency
(Hz)
24 Hour
(23 ±1 °C)
90 Days
(23 ±5 °C)
1 Year
(23 ±5 °C)
Temperature
Coefficient/ °C
Outside 18 to 28 °C
3 – 5 Hz 1.0 + 0.03 1.0 + 0.04 1.0 + 0.04 0.10 + 0.004
5 – 10 Hz 0.35 + 0.03 0.35 + 0.04 0.35 + 0.04 0.035 + 0.004
10 Hz – 20 kHz 0.04 + 0.03 0.05 + 0.04 0.06 + 0.04 0.005 + 0.004
20 – 50 kHz 0.1 + 0.05 0.11 + 0.05 0.12 + 0.05 0.011 + 0.005
50 – 100 kHz 0.55 + 0.08 0.6 + 0.08 0.6 + 0.08 0.06 + 0.008
100 mV
100 – 300 kHz [1] 4.0 + 0.50 4.0 + 0.50 4.0 + 0.50 0.2 + 0.02
3 – 5 Hz 1.0 + 0.02 1.0 + 0.03 1.0 + 0.03 0.1 + 0.003
5 – 10 Hz 0.35 + 0.02 0.35 + 0.03 0.35 + 0.03 0.035 + 0.003
10 Hz – 20 kHz 0.04 + 0.02 0.05 + 0.03 0.06 + 0.03 0.005 + 0.003
20 – 50 kHz 0.1 + 0.04 0.11 + 0.05 0.12 + 0.05 0.011 + 0.005
50 – 100 kHz 0.55 + 0.08 0.6 + 0.08 0.6 + 0.08 0.06 + 0.008
1 V
100 – 300 kHz [1] 4.0 + 0.50 4.0 + 0.50 4.0 + 0.50 0.2 + 0.02
3 – 5 Hz 1.0 + 0.02 1.0 + 0.03 1.0 + 0.03 0.1 + 0.003
5 – 10 Hz 0.35 + 0.02 0.35 + 0.03 0.35 + 0.03 0.035 + 0.003
10 Hz – 20 kHz 0.04 + 0.02 0.05 + 0.03 0.06 + 0.03 0.005 + 0.003
20 – 50 kHz 0.1 + 0.04 0.11 + 0.05 0.12 + 0.05 0.011 + 0.005
50 – 100 kHz 0.55 + 0.08 0.6 + 0.08 0.6 + 0.08 0.06 + 0.008
10 V
100 – 300 kHz [1] 4.0 + 0.50 4.0 + 0.50 4.0 + 0.50 0.2 + 0.02
3 – 5 Hz 1.0 + 0.02 1.0 + 0.03 1.0 + 0.03 0.1 + 0.003
5 – 10 Hz 0.35 + 0.02 0.35 + 0.03 0.35 + 0.03 0.035 + 0.003
10 Hz – 20 kHz 0.04 + 0.02 0.05 + 0.03 0.06 + 0.03 0.005 + 0.003
20 – 50 kHz 0.1 + 0.04 0.11 + 0.05 0.12 + 0.05 0.011 + 0.005
50 – 100 kHz 0.55 + 0.08 0.6 + 0.08 0.6 + 0.08 0.06 + 0.008
100 V
100 – 300 kHz [1] 4.0 + 0.50 4.0 + 0.50 4.0 + 0.50 0.2 + 0.02
3 –- 5 Hz 1.0 + 0.02 1.0 + 0.03 1.0 + 0.03 0.1 + 0.003
5 – 10 Hz 0.35 + 0.02 0.35 + 0.03 0.35 + 0.03 0.035 + 0.003
10 Hz – 20 kHz 0.04 + 0.02 0.05 + 0.03 0.06 + 0.03 0.005 + 0.003
20 – 50 kHz 0.1 + 0.04 0.11 + 0.05 0.12 + 0.05 0.011 + 0.005
50 – 100 kHz [2] 0.55 + 0.08 0.6 + 0.08 0.6 + 0.08 0.06 + 0.008
750 V
100 – 300 kHz [1] [2] 4.0 + 0.5 4.0 + 0.5 4.0 + 0.5 0.2 + 0.02
[1] Typically 30 % reading error at 1 MHz
[2] 750 Volt range is limited to 8 X 107 volt-Hertz
Additional Low Frequency Errors
Error is stated as % of reading.
AC Filter
Frequency 3 HZ (slow) 20 HZ (medium) 200 HZ (fast)
10 – 20 Hz 0 0.25 –
20 – 40 Hz 0 0.02 –
40 – 100 Hz 0 0.01 0.55
100 – 200 Hz 0 0 0.2
200 Hz – 1 kHz 0 0 0.02
>1 kHz 0 0 0
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
1-14
Resistance
Specifications are for 4-wire resistance function, 2 x 4-wire resistance, or 2-wire resistance with zero. If zero is not used,
add 0.2 Ω for 2-wire resistance plus lead resistance, and add 20 mΩ for 2 x 4-wire resistance function.
Measurement Method ............................................. Current source referenced to LO input
Max. Lead Resistance (4-wire ohms)..................... 10 % of range per lead for 10 Ω, 100 Ω, 1 kΩ ranges. 1 kΩ per lead on
all other ranges
Input Protection....................................................... 1000 V on all ranges
Common Mode Rejection ............................................140 dB at 50 or 60 Hz ±0.1 % (1 kΩ unbalance)
Normal Mode Rejection .......................................... 60 dB for NPLC of 1 or greater with analog filter off and power line
frequency ±0.1 %
100 dB for NPLC of 1 or greater with analog filter on and power line
frequency ±0.1 %
Analog Filter............................................................ When using the analog filter, specifications are relative to within one
hour of using the ZERO function for that range and NPLC setting.
Input Characteristics
Resolution
Range Resolution 4½ Digits 5½ Digits 6½ Digits Source Current
10 Ω [1] 10.00000 Ω 1 mΩ 100 μΩ 10 μΩ 5 mA/13 V
100 Ω 100.0000 Ω 10 mΩ 1 mΩ 100 μΩ 1 mA/6 V
1 kΩ 1.000000 kΩ 100 mΩ 10 mΩ 1 mΩ 1 mA/6 V
10 kΩ 10.00000 kΩ 1 Ω 100 mΩ 10 mΩ 100 μA/6 V
100 kΩ 100.0000 kΩ 10 Ω 1 Ω 100 mΩ 100 μA/13 V
1 MΩ 1.000000 MΩ 100 Ω 10 Ω 1 Ω 10 μA/13 V
10 MΩ 10.00000 MΩ 1 kΩ 100 Ω 10 Ω 1 μA/13 V
100 MΩ 100.0000 MΩ 10 kΩ 1 kΩ 100 Ω 1 μA || 10 MΩ/10 V
1.0 GΩ [1] 1.000000 GΩ 100 kΩ 10 kΩ 1 kΩ 1 μA || 10 MΩ/10 V
[1] 8846A Only
8846A Accuracy
Accuracy is given as ± (% measurement + % of range)
Range 24 Hour
(23 ±1 °C)
90 Days
(23 ±5 °C)
1 Year
(23 ±5 °C)
Temperature
Coefficient/ °C
Outside 18 to 28 °C
10 Ω 0.003 + 0.01 0.008 + 0.03 0.01+ 0.03 0.0006 + 0.0005
100 Ω 0.003 + 0.003 0.008 + 0.004 0.01 + 0.004 0.0006 + 0.0005
1 kΩ 0.002 + 0.0005 0.008 + 0.001 0.01 + 0.001 0.0006 + 0.0001
10 kΩ 0.002 + 0.0005 0.008 + 0.001 0.01 + 0.001 0.0006 + 0.0001
100 kΩ 0.002 + 0.0005 0.008 + 0.001 0.01 + 0.001 0.0006 + 0.0001
1 MΩ 0.002 + 0.001 0.008 + 0.001 0.01 + 0.001 0.001 + 0.0002
10 MΩ 0.015 + 0.001 0.02 + 0.001 0.04 + 0.001 0.003 + 0.0004
100 MΩ 0.3 + 0.01 0.8 + 0.01 0.8 + 0.01 0.15 + 0.0002
1 GΩ 1.0 + 0.01 1.5 + 0.01 2.0 + 0.01 0.6 + 0.0002
Introduction and Specifications
Electrical Specifications 1
1-15
8845A Accuracy
Accuracy is given as ± (% measurement + % of range)
Range 24 Hour
(23 ±1 °C)
90 Days
(23 ±5 °C)
1 Year
(23 ±5 °C)
Temperature
Coefficient/ °C
Outside 18 to 28 °C
100 Ω 0.003 + 0.003 0.008 + 0.004 0.01 + 0.004 0.0006 + 0.0005
1 kΩ 0.002 + 0.0005 0.008 + 0.001 0.01 + 0.001 0.0006 + 0.0001
10 kΩ 0.002 + 0.0005 0.008 + 0.001 0.01 + 0.001 0.0006 + 0.0001
100 kΩ 0.002 + 0.0005 0.008 + 0.001 0.01 + 0.001 0.0006 + 0.0001
1 MΩ 0.002 + 0.001 0.008 + 0.001 0.01 + 0.001 0.0010 + 0.0002
10 MΩ 0.015 + 0.001 0.02 + 0.001 0.04 + 0.001 0.0030 + 0.0004
100 MΩ 0.3 + 0.01 0.8 + 0.01 0.8 + 0.01 0.1500 + 0.0002
Additional Ohms Errors
Digits NPLC Additional NPLC Noise Error
6½ 100 0 % of range
6½ 10 0 % of range
5½ 1 0.001 % of range
5½ 0.2
0.003 % of range ±7 mΩ
4½ 0.02
0.017 % of range ±15 mΩ
DC Current
Input Protection....................................................... Tool-accessible 11 A/1000 V and 440 mA/1000 V fuses, limits of
400 mA continuous 550 mA for 2 minutes on, 1 minute off.
Common Mode Rejection ............................................140 dB at 50 or 60 Hz ±0.1 % (1 kΩ unbalance)
Normal Mode Rejection .......................................... 60 dB for NPLC of 1 or greater with analog filter off and power line
frequency ±0.1 %
100 dB for NPLC of 1 or greater with analog filter on and power line
frequency ±0.1 %
Analog Filter............................................................ When using the analog filter, specifications are relative to within one
hour of using the ZERO function for that range and NPLC setting.
Input Characteristics
Resolution
Range Resolution
4½ Digits 5½ Digits 6½ Digits
Shunt Resistance
(Ohms) Burden Voltage
100 μA 100.0000 μA 10 nA 1 nA 100 pA 100 Ω <0.015 V
1 mA 1.000000 mA 100 nA 10 nA 1 nA 100 Ω <0.15 V
10 mA 10.00000 mA 1 μA 100 nA 10 nA 1 Ω <0.025 V
100 mA 100.0000 mA 10 μA 1 μA 100 nA 1 Ω <0.25 V
400 mA [3] 400.000 mA 100 μA 10 μA 1 μA 1 Ω <0.50 V
1 A [2] 1.000000 A
100 μA 10 μA 1 μA 0.01 Ω <0.05 V
3 A [1] 3.00000A 1 mA 100 μA 10 μA 0.01 Ω <0.15 V
10 A 10.00000 A 1 mA 100 μA 10 μA 0.01 Ω <0.5 V
[1] Part of 10 A range.
[2] Available on the front panel terminal only.
[3] 400 mA available in software version 2.0 or greater only. 400 mA continuously; 550 mA for 2 minutes on, 1 minute off.
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
1-16
Accuracy (8846A)
Accuracy is given as ± (% measurement + % of range)
Range 24 Hour
(23 ±1 °C)
90 Days
(23 ±5 °C)
1 Year
(23 ±5 °C)
Temperature
Coefficient/ °C
Outside 18 to 28 °C
100 μA 0.01 + 0.02 0.04 + 0.025 0.05 + 0.025 0.002 + 0.003
1 mA 0.007 + 0.005 0.030 + 0.005 0.05 + 0.005 0.002 + 0.0005
10 mA 0.007 + 0.02 0.03 + 0.02 0.05 + 0.02 0.002 + 0.002
100 mA 0.01 + 0.004 0.03 + 0.005 0.05 + 0.005 0.002 + 0.0005
400 mA [3] 0.03 + 0.004 0.04 + 0.005 0.05 + 0.005 0.005 + 0.0005
1 A [2] 0.03 + 0.02 0.04 + 0.02 0.05 + 0.02 0.005 + 0.001
3 A [1][2] 0.05 + 0.02 0.08 + 0.02 0.1 + 0.02 0.005 + 0.002
10 A [2] 0.1 + 0.008 0.12 + 0.008 0.15 + 0.008 0.005 + 0.0008
[1] Part of 10 A range
[2] Available at front panel connectors only
[3] 400 mA available in software version 2.0 or greater only. 400 mA continuously; 550 mA for 2 minutes on, 1
minute off.
Accuracy (8845A)
Accuracy is given as ± (% measurement + % of range)
Range 24 Hour
(23 ±1 °C)
90 Days
(23 ±5 °C)
1 Year
(23 ±5 °C)
Temperature
Coefficient/ °C
Outside 18 to 28 °C
100 μA 0.01 + 0.02 0.04 + 0.025 0.05 + 0.025 0.002 + 0.003
1 mA 0.007 + 0.005 0.030 + 0.005 0.05 + 0.005 0.002 + 0.0005
10 mA 0.007 + 0.02 0.03 + 0.02 0.05 + 0.02 0.002 + 0.002
100 mA 0.01 + 0.004 0.03 + 0.005 0.05 + 0.005 0.002 + 0.0005
400 mA [3] 0.03 + 0.004 0.04 + 0.005 0.05 + 0.005 0.005 + 0.0005
1 A [2] 0.03 + 0.02 0.04 + 0.02 0.05 + 0.02 0.005 + 0.001
3 A [1][2] 0.05 + 0.02 0.08 + 0.02 0.10 + 0.02 0.005 + 0.002
10 A [2] 0.10 + 0.008 0.12 + 0.008 0.15 + 0.008 0.005 + 0.0008
[1] Part of 10 A range
[2] Available at front panel connectors only
[3] 400 mA available in software version 2.0 or greater only. 400 mA continuously; 550 mA for 2 minutes on, 1
minute off.
Additional Current Errors
Digits NPLC
Additional NPLC Noise Error for
1 mA, 100 mA, 400 mA, 3 A and
10 A
Additional NPLC Noise Error
for 100 μA, 10 mA, 1 A
6½ 100 0 % of range 0 % of range
6½ 10 0 % of range 0 % of range
5½ 1 0.001 % of range 0.01 % of range
5½ 0.2
0.011 % of range ±4 μA 0.11 % of range ±4 μA
4½ 0.02
0.04 % of range ±4 μA 0.28 % of range ±4 μA
AC Current
The following ac current specifications are for sinusoidal signals with amplitudes greater than 5 % of range. For inputs
from 1 % to 5 % of range, add an additional error of 0.1 % of range.
Input Protection....................................................... Tool accessible 11 A/1000 V and 440 mA/1000 V fuses, limits of
400 mA continuous 550 mA for 2 minutes on, 1 minute off.
Measurement Method ............................................. ac-coupled true-rms, dc-coupled to the fuse and shunt (no blocking
capacitor)
AC Filter Bandwidth
Slow .................................................................... 3 Hz to 10 kHz
Medium ............................................................... 20 Hz to 10 kHz
Introduction and Specifications
Electrical Specifications 1
1-17
Fast..................................................................... 200 Hz to 10 kHz
Crest Factor Error (applies to non-sinusoidal waveforms only)
Maximum Crest Factor ....................................... 5:1 at full scale
Additional Crest Factor Errors (<100 Hz)............ Crest factor 1-2, 0.05 % of full scale
Crest factor 2-3, 0.2 % of full scale
Crest factor 3-4, 0.4 % of full scale
Crest factor 4-5, 0.5 % of full scale
Input Characteristics
Resolution
Range Resolution
4½ Digits 5½ Digits 6½ Digits
Shunt Resistance
(Ohms) Burden Voltage
100 μA [1] 100.0000 μA 10 nA 1 nA 100 pA 100 Ω <0.015 V
1 mA[1] 1.000000 mA 100 nA 10 nA 1 nA 100 Ω <0.15 V
10 mA 10.00000 mA 1 μA 100 nA 10 nA 1 Ω <0.025 V
100 mA 100.0000 mA 10 μA 1 μA 100 nA 1 Ω <0.25 V
400 mA [4] 400.000 mA 100 μA 10 μA 1 μA 1 Ω <0.50 V
1 A [3] 1.000000 A 100 μA 10 μA 1 μA 0.01 Ω <0.05 V
3 A [2][3] 3.00000 A 1 mA 100 μA 10 μA 0.01 Ω <0.05 V
10 A [3] 10.00000 A 1 mA 100 μA 10 μA 0.01 Ω <0.5 V
[1] 8846A Only
[2] Part of 10 A range
[3] Available at front panel connectors only
[4] 400 mA available in software version 1.0.700.18 or greater only. 400 mA continuously; 550 mA for 2 minutes on, 1 minute
off; maximum crest factor 3:1 at 400 mA
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
1-18
8846A Accuracy
Accuracy is given as ± (% measurement + % of range)
Range Frequency
(Hz)
24 Hour
(23 ±1 °C)
90 Days
(23 ±5 °C)
1 Year
(23 ±5 °C)
Temperature
Coefficient/ °C
Outside 18 to 28 °C
3 – 5 Hz 1.1 + 0.06 1.1 + 0.06 1.1 + 0.06 0.2 + 0.006
5 – 10 Hz 0.35 + 0.06 0.35 + 0.06 0.35 + 0.06 0.1 + 0.006
10 Hz – 5 kHz 0.15 + 0.06 0.15 + 0.06 0.15 + 0.06 0.015 + 0.006
100 μA
5 – 10 kHz 0.35 + 0.7 0.35 + 0.7 0.35 + 0.7 0.03 + 0.006
3 – 5 Hz 1.0 + 0.04 1.0 + 0.04 1.0 + 0.04 0.1 + 0.006
5 – 10 Hz 0.3 + 0.04 0.3 + 0.04 0.3 + 0.04 0.035 + 0.006
10 Hz – 5 kHz 0.1 + 0.04 0.1 + 0.04 0.1 + 0.04 0.015 + 0.006
1 mA
5 – 10 kHz 0.2 + 0.25 0.2 + 0.25 0.2 + 0.25 0.03 + 0.006
3 – 5 Hz 1.1 + 0.06 1.1 + 0.06 1.1 + 0.06 0.2 + 0.006
5 – 10 Hz 0.35 + 0.06 0.35 + 0.06 0.35 + 0.06 0.1 + 0.006
10 Hz – 5 kHz 0.15 + 0.06 0.15 + 0.06 0.15+ 0.06 0.015 + 0.006
10 mA
5 – 10 kHz 0.35 + 0.7 0.35 + 0.7 0.35 + 0.7 0.03 + 0.006
3 – 5 Hz 1.0 + 0.04 1.0 + 0.04 1.0 + 0.04 0.1 + 0.006
5 – 10 Hz 0.3 + 0.04 0.3 + 0.04 0.3 + 0.04 0.035 + 0.006
10 Hz – 5 kHz 0.1 + 0.04 0.1 + 0.04 0.1 + 0.04 0.015 + 0.006
100 mA
5 – 10 kHz 0.2 + 0.25 0.2 + 0.25 0.2 + 0.25 0.03 + 0.006
3 – 5 Hz 1.0 + 0.1 1.0 + 0.1 1.0 + 0.1 0.1 + 0.006
5 – 10 Hz 0.3 + 0.1 0.3 + 0.1 0.3 + 0.1 0.035 + 0.006
10 Hz – 1 kHz 0.1 + 0.1 0.1 + 0.1 0.1 + 0.1 0.015 + 0.006
400 mA [3]
1kHz – 10 kHz 0.2 + 0.7 0.2 + 0.7 0.2 + 0.7 0.03 + 0.006
3 – 5 Hz 1.0 + 0.04 1.0 + 0.04 1.0 + 0.04 0.1 + 0.006
5 – 10 Hz 0.3 + 0.04 0.3 + 0.04 0.3 + 0.04 0.035 + 0.006
10 Hz – 5 kHz 0.1 + 0.04 0.1 + 0.04 0.1 + 0.04 0.015 + 0.006
1 A [2]
5 – 10 kHz 0.35 + 0.7 0.35 + 0.7 0.35 + 0.7 0.03 + 0.006
3 – 5 Hz 1.1 + 0.06 1.1 + 0.06 1.1 + 0.06 0.1 + 0.006
5 – 10 Hz 0.35 + 0.06 0.35 + 0.06 0.35 + 0.06 0.035 + 0.006
10 Hz – 5 kHz 0.15 + 0.06 0.15 + 0.06 0.15 + 0.06 0.015 + 0.006
3 A [1][2]
5 – 10 kHz 0.35 + 0.7 0.35 + 0.7 0.35 + 0.7 0.03 + 0.006
3 – 5 Hz 1.1 + 0.06 1.1 + 0.06 1.1 + 0.06 0.1 + 0.006
5 – 10 Hz 0.35 + 0.06 0.35 + 0.06 0.35 + 0.06 0.035 + 0.006
10 Hz – 5 kHz 0.15 + 0.06 0.15 + 0.06 0.15 + 0.06 0.015 + 0.006
10 A [2]
5 – 10 kHz 0.35 + 0.7 0.35 + 0.7 0.35 + 0.7 0.03 + 0.006
[1] Part of 10 A range
[2] Available only on front panel connectors
[3] 400 mA available in software version 1.0.700.18 or greater only. 400 mA continuously; 550 mA for 2 minutes on,
1 minute off; maximum crest factor 3:1 at 400 mA; specification for current above 329 mA is typical.
Introduction and Specifications
Electrical Specifications 1
1-19
8845A Accuracy
Accuracy is given as ± (% measurement + % of range)
Range Frequency
(Hz)
24 Hour
(23 ±1 °C)
90 Days
(23 ±5 °C)
1 Year
(23 ±5 °C)
Temperature
Coefficient/ °C
Outside 18 to 28 °C
3 – 5 Hz 1.1 + 0.06 1.1 + 0.06 1.1 + 0.06 0.2 + 0.006
5 – 10 Hz 0.35 + 0.06 0.35 + 0.06 0.35 + 0.06 0.1 + 0.006
10 Hz – 5 kHz 0.15 + 0.06 0.15 + 0.06 0.15+ 0.06 0.015 + 0.006
10 mA
5 – 10 kHz 0.35 + 0.7 0.35 + 0.7 0.35 + 0.7 0.03 + 0.006
3 – 5 Hz 1.0 + 0.04 1.0 + 0.04 1.0 + 0.04 0.1 + 0.006
5 – 10 Hz 0.3 + 0.04 0.3 + 0.04 0.3 + 0.04 0.035 + 0.006
10 Hz – 5 kHz 0.1 + 0.04 0.1 + 0.04 0.1 + 0.04 0.015 + 0.006
100 mA
5 – 10 kHz 0.2 + 0.25 0.2 + 0.25 0.2 + 0.25 0.03 + 0.006
3 – 5 Hz 1.0 + 0.1 1.0 + 0.1 1.0 + 0.1 0.1 + 0.006
5 – 10 Hz 0.3 + 0.1 0.3 + 0.1 0.3 + 0.1 0.035 + 0.006
10 Hz – 1 kHz 0.1 + 0.1 0.1 + 0.1 0.1 + 0.1 0.015 + 0.006
400 mA [3]
1kHz – 10 kHz 0.2 + 0.7 0.2 + 0.7 0.2 + 0.7 0.03 + 0.006
3 – 5 Hz 1.0 + 0.04 1.0 + 0.04 1.0 + 0.04 0.1 + 0.006
5 – 10 Hz 0.3 + 0.04 0.3 + 0.04 0.3 + 0.04 0.035 + 0.006
10 Hz – 5 kHz 0.1 + 0.04 0.1 + 0.04 0.1 + 0.04 0.015 + 0.006
1 A [2]
5 – 10 kHz 0.35 + 0.7 0.35 + 0.7 0.35 + 0.7 0.03 + 0.006
3 – 5 Hz 1.1 + 0.06 1.1 + 0.06 1.1 + 0.06 0.1 + 0.006
5 – 10 Hz 0.35 + 0.06 0.35 + 0.06 0.35 + 0.06 0.035 + 0.006
10 Hz – 5 kHz 0.15 + 0.06 0.15 + 0.06 0.15 + 0.06 0.015 + 0.006
3 A [1][2]
5 – 10 kHz 0.35 + 0.7 0.35 + 0.7 0.35 + 0.7 0.03 + 0.006
3 – 5 Hz 1.1 + 0.06 1.1 + 0.06 1.1 + 0.06 0.2 + 0.006
5 – 10 Hz 0.35 + 0.06 0.35 + 0.06 0.35 + 0.06 0.035 + 0.006
10 Hz – 5 kHz 0.15 + 0.06 0.15 + 0.06 0.15 + 0.06 0.015 + 0.006
10 A [2]
5 – 10 kHz 0.35 + 0.7 0.35 + 0.7 0.35 + 0.7 0.03 + 0.006
[1] Part of the 10 A range
[2] Available only at front panel connectors
[3] 400 mA available in software version 1.0.700.18 or greater only. 400 mA continuously; 550 mA for 2 minutes on,
1 minute off; maximum crest factor 3:1 at 400 mA; specification for current above 329 mA is typical.
Additional Low Frequency Errors
Error is stated as % of reading.
AC Filter
Frequency 3HZ (slow) 20HZ (medium) 200HZ (fast)
10 – 20 Hz 0 0.25 –
20 – 40 Hz 0 0.02 –
40 – 100 Hz 0 0.01 0.55
100 – 200 Hz 0 0 0.2
200 Hz – 1 kHz 0 0 0.02
> 1 kHz 0 0 0
Frequency
Gate Times ............................................................. Programmable to 1 s, 100 ms, and 10 ms
Measurement Method ............................................. Flexible counting technique. AC-coupled input using the ac voltage
measurement function.
Settling Considerations........................................... When measuring frequency or period after a dc offset voltage change,
errors may occur. For the most accurate measurement, wait up to
1 second for the input blocking capacitor to settle.
Measurement Considerations ................................. To minimize measurement errors, shield inputs from external noise
when measuring low-voltage, low-frequency signals.
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
1-20
8846A Accuracy
Accuracy is given as ± % measurement
Range Frequency
24 Hour
(23 ±1 °C)
90 Days
(23 ±5 °C)
1 Year
(23 ±5 °C)
Temperature
Coefficient/ °C
Outside 18 to 28 °C
3 – 5 Hz 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.005
5 – 10 Hz 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.005
10 – 40 Hz 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.001
40 Hz – 300 kHz 0.006 0.01 0.01 0.001
100 mV to
1000 V[1][2]
300 kHz – 1 MHz 0.006 0.01 0.01 0.001
[1] Input >100 mV. For 10 – 100 mV, multiply percent measurement error by 10.
[2] Limited to 8 X 107 volt-Hertz
8845A Accuracy
Accuracy is given as ± % measurement
Range Frequency
24 Hour
(23 ±1 °C)
90 Days
(23 ±5 °C)
1 Year
(23 ±5 °C)
Temperature
Compensation/ °C
Outside 18 to 28 °C
3 – 5 Hz 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.005
5 – 10 Hz 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.005
10 – 40 Hz 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.001
100 mV to
750 V [1][2]
40 Hz – 300 kHz 0.006 0.01 0.01 0.001
[1] Input >100 mV. For 10 – 100 mV, multiply percent measurement error by 10.
[2] Limited to 8 X 107 volt-Hertz
Gate Time vs. Resolution
Gate Time Resolution
0.01 5½
0.1 6½
1.0 6½
Additional Low Frequency Errors
Error stated as percent of measurement for inputs >100 mV. For 10 – 100 mV, multiply percent by 10.
Resolution
Frequency 6½ 5½ 4½
3 – 5 Hz 0 0.12 0.12
5 – 10 Hz 0 0.17 0.17
10 – 40 Hz 0 0.2 0.2
40 – 100 Hz 0 0.06 0.21
100 – 300 Hz 0 0.03 0.21
300 Hz – 1 kHz 0 0.01 0.07
> 1 kHz 0 0 0.02
Introduction and Specifications
Electrical Specifications 1
1-21
Capacitance (8846A Only)
Accuracy is stated as ±(% of measurement + % of range)
Range Resolution
1 Year Accuracy [1]
(23 ±5 °C)
Temperature Coefficient/ °C
Outside 18 to 28 °C
1 nF 1 pF 2% ± 2.5 % 0.05 + 0.05
10 nF 10 pF 1% ± 0.5 % 0.05 + 0.01
100 nF 100 pF 1% ± 0.5 % 0.01 + 0.01
1 μF 1 nF 1% ± 0.5 % 0.01 + 0.01
10 μF 10 nF 1% ± 0.5 % 0.01 + 0.01
100 μF 100 nF 1% ± 0.5 % 0.01 + 0.01
1 mF 1 μF 1% ± 0.5 % 0.01 + 0.01
10 mF 10 μF 1% ± 0.5 % 0.01 + 0.01
100 mF 100 μF 4% ± 0.2 % 0.05 + 0.05
[1] Stated accuracy is attained when Zero function is used.
Temperature (8846A only)
Test Current ............................................................ 1 mA
Accuracy is stated as ± °C and is based on a Platinum RT100 (DIN IEC 751, 385 type) RTD with less than 10 ohms lead
resistance. The accuracy listed in the table below are valid only when using the 4-wire RTD measurement function.
Specifications do not include probe accuracy, which must be added.
Accuracy
Range Resolution
90 Days
(23 ±5 °C)
1 Year
(23 ±5 °C)
Temperature
Coefficient/ °C
Outside 18 to 28 °C
-200 °C 0.001 °C 0.06 0.09 0.0025
-100 °C 0.001 °C 0.05 0.08 0.002
0 °C 0.001 °C 0.04 0.06 0.002
100 °C 0.001 °C 0.05 0.08 0.002
300 °C 0.001 °C 0.1 0.12 0.002
600 °C 0.001 °C 0.18 0.22 0.002
Additional Errors
Digits NPLC Additional NPLC Noise Error
6 ½ 100 0 °C
6 ½ 10 0 °C
5 ½ 1 0.03 °C
5 ½ 0.2 0.12 °C
4 ½ 0.02 0.6 °C
Continuity
Continuity Threshold ............................................... Selectable between 1 Ω and 1000 Ω
Test Current ............................................................ 1 mA
Response Time....................................................... 300 samples/sec with audible tone
Accuracy is given as ± (% measurements + % of range)
Range 24 Hour
(23 ±1 °C)
90 Days
(23 ±5 °C)
1 Year
(23 ±5 °C)
Temperature
Coefficient/ °C
Outside 18 to 28 °C
1000.0 Ω 0.002 + 0.01 0.008 + 0.02 0.01 + 0.02 0.001 + 0.002
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
1-22
Diode Test
Test Current ............................................................ 100 μA or 1 mA
Response Time....................................................... 300 samples/sec with audible tone.
Accuracy is given as ± (% measurements + % of range)
Range 24 Hour
(23 ±1 °C)
90 Days
(23 ±5 °C)
1 Year
(23 ±5 °C)
Temperature
Coefficient/ °C
Outside 18 to 28 °C
5.0000 V 0.002 + 0.002 0.008 + 0.002 0.01 + 0.002 0.001 + 0.002
10.0000 V 0.002 + 0.001 0.008 + 0.002 0.01 + 0.002 0.001 + 0.002
Measurement Rates (IEEE488[4])
Measurements/Second [1]
Function Digits Setting
Integration Time
60 Hz (50 Hz) 8845A 8846A
6½ 100 NPLC 1.67 (2) s 0.6 (0.5) 0.6 (0.5)
6½ 10 NPLC 167 (200) ms 6 (5) 6 (5)
5½ 1 NPLC 16.7 (20) ms 60 (50) 60 (50)
5½ 0.2 NPLC 3.3 ms 270 270
DC Volts, DC Current, and
Resistance
4½ 0.02 NPLC 500 us 995 995
6½ 3 Hz 0.47 0.47
6½ 20 Hz 1.64 1.64
AC Voltage and AC Current [2]
6½ 200 Hz
[3] 4.5 4.5
6½ 1 s 1 1
5½ 100 ms 9.8 9.8
Frequency and Period
4½ 10 ms 80 80
Capacitance 6½ NA 2
[1] Typical measurement rates with auto-zero off, delay = 0, display off, auto range off and math off.
[2] Maximum measurement rates for 0.01 % of ac step. When dc input varies, additional settling delay is required.
[3] For remote operation or external trigger using default settling delay
[4] Speeds available in OutG SW 1.0.700.18 or higher. Note that the measurements rates for RS232 can vary depending on the
baud rate chosen. If the baud rate selected is 115,200, the maximum measurement rate is 711 measurement/s. The LAN bus
has a maximum measurement rate of 963 measurement/s.
2-1
Chapter 2
Preparing the Meter for Operation
Title Page
Introduction........................................................................................................ 2-3
Unpacking and Inspecting the Meter ................................................................. 2-3
Contacting Fluke................................................................................................ 2-3
Storing and Shipping the Meter ......................................................................... 2-3
Power Considerations ........................................................................................ 2-3
Selecting the Line Voltage ............................................................................ 2-4
Replacing the Fuses....................................................................................... 2-4
Line-Power Fuse ....................................................................................... 2-4
Current-Input Fuses................................................................................... 2-5
Connecting to Line Power ................................................................................. 2-7
Turning Power-On ............................................................................................. 2-8
Adjusting the Bail .............................................................................................. 2-8
Installing the Meter in an Equipment Rack ....................................................... 2-8
Cleaning the Meter............................................................................................. 2-9
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
2-2
Preparing the Meter for Operation
Introduction 2
2-3
Introduction
This chapter explains how to prepare the Meter for operation by selecting the proper line
voltage, connecting an appropriate line power cord, and turning on the Meter. Also
included is information on the proper storage and cleaning of the Meter.
Unpacking and Inspecting the Meter
Every care is taken in the choice of packing material to ensure that your equipment will
reach you in perfect condition. If the equipment has been subject to excessive handling in
transit, there may be visible external damage to the shipping carton. In the event of
damage, the shipping container and cushioning material should be kept for the carrier’s
inspection.
Carefully unpack the Meter from its shipping container and inspect the contents for
damaged or missing items. If the Meter appears damaged or something is missing,
contact both the carrier and Fluke immediately. Save the container and the packing
material in case you have to return the Meter.
Contacting Fluke
To order accessories, receive operating assistance, or get the location of the nearest Fluke
distributor or Service Center, call:
USA: 1-888-44-FLUKE (1-888-443-5853)
Canada: 1-800-36-FLUKE (1-800-363-5853)
Europe: +31 402-675-200
Japan: +81-3-3434-0181
Singapore: +65-738-5655
Anywhere in the world: +1-425-446-5500
Service in USA: 1-888-99-FLUKE (1-888-993-5853)
Or, visit Fluke's Web site at www.fluke.com.
To register this product, visit http://register.fluke.com.
Storing and Shipping the Meter
The Meter should be stored under cover. The shipping container provides the most
suitable receptacle for storage, as it provides the necessary shock isolation for normal
handling operations.
Place the Meter inside a sealed bag. Place the bag into the cushioning material inside the
shipping container, and store in a location that complies with the storage environment
specification described in Chapter 1.
If the Meter is shipped, use the original shipping container if possible. It provides shock
isolation for normal handling operations. If the original shipping container is not
available, a box that is 17.5″ x 15.5″ x 8.0″, with cushioning material that fills the space
between the Meter and the sides of the box, should provide similar shock isolation.
Power Considerations
The Meter operates on power distribution standards found throughout the world, and
must be set up to operate on the line voltage that will power it. The Meter is packed ready
for use with a line voltage determined at the time of ordering. If the selected line voltage
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
2-4
does not match the power the Meter will be plugged into, then the Meter’s line voltage
setting must be changed and the line fuse possibly replaced.
Selecting the Line Voltage
The Meter will operate on any one of four different input line voltages. The set line
voltage is visible through the window in the line fuse holder, found on the Meter's rear
panel.
To change the line voltage:
1. Remove the power cord from the Meter.
2. Insert a small screwdriver blade in the narrow recess to the left of the fuse holder and
pry to the right until the holder pops out, as shown in Figure 2-1.
3. Remove the voltage selector block from the fuse holder.
4. Rotate the selector block until the preferred voltage rating faces outward.
5. Replace the selector block back into the fuse holder.
Changing the line voltage setting may require a different line-power fuse for proper
operation. Check Table 2-1 for the appropriate fuse for the selected line voltage.
With the voltage set and appropriate fuse installed, replace the fuse holder back into the
Meter and reconnect the power cord.
Replacing the Fuses
The Meter employs fuses to protect both the line-power and current measurement inputs.
Line-Power Fuse
The Meter has a line-power fuse in series with the power supply. Table 2-1 indicates the
proper fuse for each of the four line voltage selections. This fuse is located on the rear-
panel.
To replace this fuse:
1. Unplug the power cord from the Meter.
2. Remove the fuse holder by inserting a small screwdriver blade in the narrow recess to
the left of the fuse holder and pry to the right until the holder pops out as shown in
Figure 2-1. The Meter is shipped with a replacement fuse of the same rating as the
fuse installed in the fuse block.
3. Remove the fuse and replace with one rated appropriately for the selected line-power
voltage. See Table 2-1.
4. Replace the selector block back into the fuse holder.
XW Warning
To avoid electric shock or fire, do not use makeshift fuses or
short-circuit the fuse holder. Use only Fluke fuses
Preparing the Meter for Operation
Power Considerations 2
2-5
Table 2-1. Line Voltage to Fuse Rating
Line Voltage Selection Fuse Rating Fluke Part No.
100 0.25 A, 250 V (slow blow) 166306
120 0.25 A, 250 V (slow blow) 166306
220 0.125 A, 250 V (slow blow) 166488
240 0.125 A, 250 V (slow blow) 166488
120
caw0201f.eps
Figure 2-1. Replacing the Line Fuse
Current-Input Fuses
The 400 mA and 10 A inputs are protected by user-replaceable fuses.
• The 400 mA input is protected by a fuse (F2) rated at 440 mA, 1000 V (fast blow),
10,000 A minimum breaking capacity (Fluke Part No. 943121).
• The 10 A input is protected by a fuse (F1) rated at 11 A, 1000 V (fast blow),
10,000 A minimum breaking capacity (Fluke Part No. 803293).
W Warning
For protection against fire or arc flash, replace a blown fuse
only with one from Fluke.
To test for a blown Current Input Fuse:
1. With the Meter powered up, plug a test lead into the VΩGER connector.
2. Press N.
3. Insert the other end of the test lead into the 400 mA input connector.
If the fuse is good, the Meter will read less than 200 Ω. If the fuse is blown, the
Meter will read overload.
4. Remove the probe from the 400 mA connector and insert into the 10 A
connector.
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
2-6
If the fuse is good, the Meter will read less than 1 Ω. If the fuse is blown, the
Meter will read overload.
To replace the Current Input fuses,
1. Turn the Meter off, unplug the power cord from the Meter, and remove all test
leads.
2. Turn the Meter on its back.
3. Unscrew the retaining screw on the fuse access door as depicted in Figure 2-2.
4. Remove the protective cover from the fuse holders by slightly depressing the
back edge of the cover to unlatch it from the printed circuit board. Pull up on the
back edge of the cover and remove it from the fuse compartment.
5. Remove the defective fuse, and replace with one having the appropriate rating.
6. Replace the protective cover by pushing it over the fuses while aligning the
catches with the holes in the printed circuit board. Press the cover down until the
catches engage the printed circuit board.
7. Replace the fuse door and secure it by tightening the retaining screw.
Fuses
F2
F1
Bottom front
left corner
caw020.eps
Figure 2-2. Replacing the Current Input Fuses
Preparing the Meter for Operation
Connecting to Line Power 2
2-7
Connecting to Line Power
XW Warning
To avoid shock hazard, connect the factory supplied three-
conductor line power cord to a properly grounded power outlet.
Do not use a two-conductor adapter or extension cord; this will
break the protective ground connection. If a two-conductor
power cord must be used, a protective grounding wire must be
connected between the ground terminal and earth ground
before connecting the power cord or operating the instrument.
First verify that the line voltage selection is set to the correct position, and then that the
correct fuse for that line voltage is installed. Connect the Meter to a properly grounded
three-prong outlet.
Table 2-2. Line Power Cord Types Available from Fluke
Type Voltage/Current Fluke Model Number
North America 120V/15A LC-1
North America 240V/15A LC-2
Universal Euro 220V/16A LC-3
United Kingdom 240V/13A LC-4
Switzerland 220V/10A LC-5
Australia 240V/10A LC-6
South Africa 240V/5A LC-7
LC-1 LC-2 LC-3 LC-4
LC-5 LC-6 LC-7
alh3.eps
Figure 2-3. Line Power Cords Types Available from Fluke
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
2-8
Turning Power-On
XW Warning
To avoid electric shock, connect the Meter’s power cord to a
power receptacle with proper earth ground. A protective ground
connection by way of the grounding conductor in the power
cord is essential for safe operation.
With the proper line voltage selected and the appropriate power cord connected to the
Meter, connect the power cord to a power outlet and switch rear-panel power switch so
the “I” side of the switch is depressed.
Adjusting the Bail
For bench-top use, the Meter’s bail or handle is adjustable to provide two viewing angles.
To adjust its position, pull the ends out to a hard stop (about 1/4-inch on each side) and
rotate it to one of the four stop positions shown in Figure 2-4. To completely remove the
handle, adjust it to the vertical stop position and pull the ends all the way out.
DCV ACV DC I ACI TRIG
FREQ
PERIOD
TEMP ZERO
INSTR
SETUP
MEAS
SETUP
RANGE
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
BACK
MEMORY
ANALYZE
1 Store
3 Carry
4 Remove
2 Tilt up
caw017.eps
Figure 2-4. Bail Adjustment and Removal
Installing the Meter in an Equipment Rack
The Meter is mountable in a standard 19-inch rack using a rack mount kit. See the
“Options and Accessories” section in Chapter 1 for ordering information. In preparation
for rack mounting, remove the bail (see the “Adjusting the Bail” section above) and the
front and rear protective boots. Then refer to the instructions provided with the Rack
Mount Kit to mount the Meter.
Preparing the Meter for Operation
Cleaning the Meter 2
2-9
Cleaning the Meter
XW Warning
To avoid electric shock or damage to the Meter, never get water
inside the meter.
W Caution
To avoid damaging the Meter’s housing, do not apply solvents
to the Meter.
If the Meter requires cleaning, wipe it down with a cloth lightly dampened with water or
a mild detergent. Do not use aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated solvents, or methanol-
based fluids when wiping down the meter.
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
2-10
3-1
Chapter 3
Front-Panel Operation
Title Page
Introduction........................................................................................................ 3-3
Controls and Indicators...................................................................................... 3-4
Front-Panel Feature Descriptions .................................................................. 3-4
Display Panel................................................................................................. 3-5
Rear-Panel Connectors .................................................................................. 3-7
Adjusting the Meter’s Range......................................................................... 3-8
Navigating the Front-Panel Menu...................................................................... 3-8
Configuring the Meter for a Measurement ........................................................ 3-8
Setting the Beeper State................................................................................. 3-8
Setting the Display Resolution ...................................................................... 3-9
Setting the AC Signal Filter .......................................................................... 3-9
Setting Continuity Resistance Threshold and Diode Test Parameters .......... 3-10
Setting the Default Temperature Scale (8846A Only) .................................. 3-10
Enabling High Input Impedance.................................................................... 3-10
Using the Analyze Functions ............................................................................. 3-11
Collecting Statistics on Measurements.......................................................... 3-11
Testing Using Limits ..................................................................................... 3-12
Setting an Offset Value ................................................................................. 3-13
Using MX+B ................................................................................................. 3-13
Using TrendPlot............................................................................................. 3-14
Using the Histogram Function....................................................................... 3-15
Controlling Trigger Functions ........................................................................... 3-16
Choosing a Trigger Source............................................................................ 3-16
Setting the Trigger Delay .............................................................................. 3-17
Setting the Number of Samples..................................................................... 3-18
Understanding the Measurement Complete Signal ....................................... 3-18
Accessing and Controlling Memory.............................................................. 3-18
Storing Readings in Memory......................................................................... 3-18
Recalling Readings from Memory ................................................................ 3-20
Storing Meter Configuration Information ..................................................... 3-20
Storing the Power-up Configuration.............................................................. 3-21
Recalling the Power-up Configuration .......................................................... 3-21
Removing the Power-up Configuration......................................................... 3-22
Recalling a Meter Configuration ................................................................... 3-22
Managing Memory ........................................................................................ 3-22
Controlling System-Related Operations ............................................................ 3-23
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
3-2
Identifying Meter Errors................................................................................ 3-23
Querying the Firmware for Revision Level................................................... 3-24
Adjusting Display Brightness........................................................................ 3-24
Setting the Meter’s Date and Time................................................................ 3-24
USB Operation .............................................................................................. 3-24
USB Storage Capacity and Write Time......................................................... 3-24
USB Memory Device Compatibility and Special Instruction ....................... 3-25
Configuring the Remote Interface ..................................................................... 3-25
Checking the Meter’s Calibration Date ............................................................. 3-25
Resetting the Meter’s Default Settings .............................................................. 3-26
Front-Panel Operation
Introduction 3
3-3
Introduction
The Meter can be controlled either by sending commands through one of its
communication interfaces or by manually operating its front panel controls. This chapter
explains the function and use of the controls and indicators located on the front and rear
panels of the Meter. Operating the Meter through its computer interfaces is covered in the
Programmers Manual. The following features are not available in OutGuard SW versions
earlier than 2.0: DCI with DCV dual-function, DCV Ratio, 400 mA range, and digital
filter. Also, the function softkey positions for earlier releases are slightly different than
illustrated.
To view the OutG SW version:
1. Press I
2. Press the softkey labeled SYSTEM.
3. Press the softkey labeled VERSION.
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
3-4
Controls and Indicators
Front-Panel Feature Descriptions
Table 3-1 shows the Meter’s front-panel controls and connectors.
Table 3-1. Front-Panel Controls and Connectors
8846A
6-1/2 DIGIT PRECISION MULTIMETER
DC V AC V DC I AC I TRIG
FREQ
PERIOD
TEMP ZERO
INSTR
SETUP
MEAS
SETUP
RANGE
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
BACK
MEMORY
ANALYZE
INPUT SENSE
HI
FRONT
REAR
10 A
1V
400
mA
4
W
HI
2W/4W
V
300V
FUSED
1000V CAT I
600V CAT II
12
1
16
15
2 3 4
68101113
14
7 59
PERIOD
FREQ
8845A Only
caw04.eps
Item Description
A
Input HI and LO connectors. Input connectors for Volts, 2-wire Ohms, Hz, Period,
Temperature, and Capacitance measurements. Input connectors source current
for 4-wire Ohms measurements. All measurements use the Input LO connector as
a common input. The LO input is isolated, and may be safely floated up to 1000 V
above earth ground regardless of the measurement type. 1000 V is the maximum
voltage rating between the Input HI and LO connectors and between each HI and
LO input and earth ground.
B
Sense HI and LO connectors. Sense connectors sense the voltage across the
unknown resistance for 4-wire Ohms measurements or provide the DCV
reference Input for DCV Ratio measurements.
C
Soft keys F1 through F5. Soft keys are used to select various menu options while
navigating the Meter’s menus. Each soft key’s function is identified with a label in
the bottom row of the display. Keys without a label above them are inactive
Front-Panel Operation
Controls and Indicators 3
3-5
Table 3-1. Front-Panel Controls and Connectors (cont.)
Item Description
D
Memory key for accessing internal and external memory [1] containing meter setups and
measurements. See the “Accessing and Controlling Memory” section for more
information.
E USB Port. [1] Connection for optional memory device to store meter readings.
F
Standby key to turn off the display. While in standby, the Meter will not respond to
remote or front-panel commands. When taken out of standby, the Meter sets itself to its
power-up configuration.
G Instrument Setup key. Accesses communication interface selection and setup, remote
command set, system settings, and meter reset.
H
Measurement Setup key. Accesses to resolution setting, trigger functions, temperature
setup, dBm reference selection, continuity settings, and other measurement related
parameters.
I
Trigger key. Triggers measurement when trigger is set to external triggering. See the
“Controlling Trigger Functions” section later in this chapter to learn how to use the
trigger key (TRIG) to control the Meter’s measurement cycle.
J Analyze key. Accesses math functions, Statistics, TrendPlot, and Histogram.
K Zero key. Uses the present reading as an offset value to create relative readings.
L
Meter function keys. Selects meter function between volts dc, volts ac, amp dc, amps
ac, ohms, continuity, diode test, frequency, period, capacitance [1], and temperature [1].
For the 8845A, the lower four keys select different functions; see inset.
M Range keys. Selects between manual and auto range mode. Also increases or
decreases the range when in manual ranging mode.
N Back key. Backs up one layer in the menu selection.
O Front and Rear input switch. All front-panel input connectors, except 10 A, are available
on the rear-panel of the Meter. These switches switch the Meter’s input between them.
P 400 mA and 10 A input connectors for ac and dc current measurement functions.
Notes:
[1] Available on 8846A only
Display Panel
The display panel described in Table 3-1, performs the following three functions:
• Displays measurements as a value, with measurement units, and measurement statistics
in both numerical and graphical format (TrendPlot and Histogram).
• Displays soft labels for soft keys, F1 through F5.
• Identifies the current mode of operation, Local (MAN) or Remote (REM).
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
3-6
Table 3-2. Display Elements
-0.4561
100.0002
mV~
Hz
123.123.
--
ENTER
mV V ...
1
11
12
10
9
8
2
3
4
5
6
123.123.
7
caw02f.eps
Item Description
A Primary display.
B Secondary display.
C Indicates PASS, HIGH or LOW for limits testing.
D Math function selected.
E Error detected.
F Memory enabled for storing readings. Extinguishes when last sample is stored.
G Softkey labels.
H Manual range mode selected. See “Adjusting the Meter’s Range” section.
I The Meter is under remote control.
J External Trigger Enabled.
K Rear inputs connectors selected.
L Menu selection path.
Measurement results occupy the first two rows of the display. The primary display
consists of larger sized characters that comprise the 6½ digits (-1999999 to 1999999),
plus a decimal point. In the example shown above, the primary display shows
measurement results for an ac voltage measurement.
The secondary display is smaller than the primary display and located in the upper right
area of the display. However, it is also capable of displaying 6½ digits. Its function is to
display the results of a secondary measurement associated with the primary measurement.
In the example shown, the secondary display shows the frequency of the ac voltage
measurement.
The Soft Key labels, row three, identify the functions of the five soft keys just below the
display.
Front-Panel Operation
Controls and Indicators 3
3-7
Rear-Panel Connectors
Table 3-3 indicates the connections on the rear panel and describes their use.
Table 3-3. Rear-Panel Connectors
TRIG I/O
IEEE488
RS-232 LAN
FLUKE CORPORATION
MADE IN USA
www.fluke.com
N10140
HI
LO
HI
LO
400 mA
CAUTION:
FOR FIRE PROTECTION REPLACE
ONLY WITH A 250V FUSE
AS STATED IN MANUAL.
NO INTERNAL USER SERVICEABLE PARTS
REFER SERVICE TO QUALIFIED SERVICE PERSONNEL
WARNING:
TO AVOID ELECTRIC SHOCK
GROUNDING CONNECTOR
IN POWER CORD
MUST BE CONNECTED
CAL STICKER
SERIAL TAG
1/4A SLOW FUSE,100/120 VAC
1 /8A SLOW FUSE, 220/240 VAC 47 - 440 Hz
25 VA MAX
1000 V CAT I
600V CAT II
INPUT SENSE
4
W
FUSED 1V
300V
V
1 2 3
56789
4
caw05.eps
Item Description
A Line Power Cord connector
B Power Switch
C Fuse holder and power line voltage selector
D Rear-panel input connectors[1]
E External trigger input and measurement complete output port
F Ethernet (LAN) connector
G RS-232 connector. See appendix C for signals available on this connector.
H IEEE 488 (GPIB) connector
I Ground connector
Notes:
[1] 10 A current measurements can not be performed through the rear-panel connectors
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
3-8
Adjusting the Meter’s Range
The range keys, (URV), switch the Meter between auto and manual ranging. The
presence or absence of MAN in the display indicates the Meter’s ranging mode. All
functions utilize these keys to control the Meter’s range except continuity, diode test,
temperature (8846A only), frequency and period, which only have a single range.
Note
The secondary display’s range is always the same as that of the primary
display when the functions are the same.
Pressing R causes the Meter to toggle between auto and manual ranging mode. The
autorange selected range in use when you enter the manual range mode becomes the
selected range. The Meter will extinguish MAN when autorange is selected.
Pressing U or V causes the Meter to switch from auto to manual ranging and moves
the range up or down respectively from the range autorange had selected. MAN will also
appear in the display. If the input signal is greater than the selected range can measure,
the Meter displays overload and sends 9.9000 E+37 over the remote interface.
In autorange mode, the Meter automatically selects the next highest range when the
measured value exceeds full scale of the present range. If no higher range is available,
overload is displayed on the primary or secondary display. The Meter automatically
selects the next lower range if the measured value drops below (11 %) of full scale.
Navigating the Front-Panel Menu
The Meter uses a multilevel menu system for the selection of function parameters,
configuration, and features. Menu selection and navigation is accomplished with the front
panel’s five function keys (12345) and B key. Labeling of the
five function keys is presented across the bottom row of the display and is dependent on
which function is selected.
The following sections, “Configuring the Meter for a Measurement” and Chapter four’s
instructions on “Making Measurements”, cover the use of the Meter’s menu system.
Configuring the Meter for a Measurement
The Meter’s display resolution, reading rate, trigger mode, continuity threshold, beeper
on/off, input impedance setting, default temperature scale, and dBm reference are
adjustable through the Measurement Setup function.
Setting the Beeper State
The Meter will emit a tone when a limit is exceeded during limit testing and when a
forward-biased diode is measured during diode testing. To disable the beeper for these
two conditions:
1. Press L.
2. Press the softkey labeled MORE.
If the softkey labeled BEEP ON is highlighted, press it to disable the beeper.
Note
Disabling the beeper has no effect on the tone when an error is generated
during remote operation or when the continuity threshold is exceeded
during continuity testing.
Front-Panel Operation
Configuring the Meter for a Measurement 3
3-9
The beeper state is stored in non-volatile memory and does not change when the Meter is
turned off or after a remote interface reset. The beeper is enabled when the Meter is
shipped from the factory.
Setting the Display Resolution
The steps for setting the Meter’s displayed resolution, varies depending on the selected
function. The dc volts, dc current and ohms functions set the resolution based on the
power line cycle (PLC) setting. AC volts, ac current, capacitance and temperature set
resolution using a low, medium or high setting.
To set the Meter’s display resolution dc volts, dc current and ohms:
1. Press L to see the measurement Setup menu.
2. Press the soft key under the RESOLUTION #DIG PLC label to reveal the
resolution selection menu.
The soft key labels are updated with five choices.
4 DIGIT .02 PLC
5 DIGIT .2 PLC
5 DIGIT 1 PLC
6 DIGIT 10 PLC
6 DIGIT 100 PLC
These choices determine the displayed resolution (4½, 5½, and 6½ digits) and the
measurement cycle time in reference to the power line frequency in cycles (PLC)
For example, selecting 5 DIGIT 1 PLC will display 5½ digit resolution and take
a measurement using one power line cycle A/D integrate period. For 60 Hz power, a
measurement is almost once every 60th of a second or 16.6666 milliseconds.
3. Press the soft key labeled with the desired resolution.
Note
Some of the faster PLC choices are not available when 2nd MEAS or DCV
Ratio are selected.
To set the Meter’s display resolution for ac volts, ac current, capacitance and
temperature:
1. Press L to see the measurement Setup menu.
2. Press the soft key under the RESOLUTN label to reveal the resolution selection
menu.
Three soft key labels are updated with HIGH, MEDIUM, and LOW. The actual
number of digits displayed will depend on the selected function and the Meter’s
range.
3. Press the soft key labeled with the desired resolution.
Setting the AC Signal Filter
There are three ac filter settings that can be employed to help make more accurate
measurements: 3 Hz Slow, 20 Hz, and 200 Hz.
For the ac volts and ac current functions, a filter selection is available as a modifier.
Pressing the Filter soft key will expose a menu that allows you to select between the
three filter settings.
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
3-10
Note
The 20 Hz filter is the power-up default selection.
Setting Continuity Resistance Threshold and Diode Test Parameters
The threshold resistance value for the continuity function and the amount of current and
voltage used for Diode testing are adjustable. Continuity resistance threshold can be set to
four different values: 1 Ω, 10 Ω, 100 Ω and 1 kΩ. Diode test voltage and current can also
be set to two different values: 5 V or 10 V and 1 mA or 0.1 mA.
Setting the Continuity Threshold Resistance
The resistance threshold can be set at 1, 10, 100, or 1000 Ω. To set the threshold:
1. Press Lto see the Measurement Setup menu.
2. Press the MORE soft key.
3. Press the CONTIN OHMS soft key.
4. Press the soft key labeled with the desired threshold.
Refer to the “Testing Continuity” section in Chapter 4 to test continuity.
Setting the Diode Test Voltage and Current
To set the diode test current:
1. Press S twice on the 8846A , or press D once on the 8845A, to select the Diode
function.
2. Press the 1€A or 0.1€A soft key to set the diode test current.
3. Press the 5V or 10V soft key to set the diode test voltage.
Refer to the “Checking Diodes” section in Chapter 4 to check diodes.
Setting the Default Temperature Scale (8846A Only)
When the temperature function is selected, the Meter displays temperature measurements
based on a preselected (default) temperature scale.
To change the default temperature scale:
1. Press Lto see the measurement setup selection menu.
2. Press the TEMP UNITS soft key to display the temperature scale selection menu.
Available temperature scales are C for Celsius (°C), F for Fahrenheit (°F) and K for
Kelvin (K).
3. Press the soft key labeled with the desired scale.
Refer to the “Measuring Temperature” section in Chapter 4 to make a temperature
measurement with the Meter.
Enabling High Input Impedance
The DCV input impedance of the Meter is normally set to 10 MΩ. Enabling the high
input impedance feature allows the input impedance to exceed 10 GΩ for the 10 V and
lower DCV ranges.
To enable high input impedance:
1. Press Lto see the Measurement Setup menu.
Front-Panel Operation
Using the Analyze Functions 3
3-11
2. Press the MORE soft key.
3. Press the HIGH INPUT Z soft key.
The soft key label becomes highlighted to indicate high input Z is activated. Press the
soft key again to disable the function.
Using the Analyze Functions
The Meter is capable of performing mathematical operations with measured values, as
well as tracking a series of measurements. With the exception of Diode Test and
Continuity, all Meter functions work with all analysis functions. The mathematical
functions include statistics, limits, offset, and mX + b. Meter measurement tracking is
performed through the TrendPlot and Histogram functions.
To access the analyze functions press J.
Collecting Statistics on Measurements
The statistical analysis function displays the minimum and maximum measurements of a
series of Meter measurements. The Meter also calculates an average and a standard
deviation value for the same measurement series. This function also provides control over
the starting and stopping of the measurement series.
Starting the Measurement Collection
To start the statistics process:
1. Press J to display the Meter’s analysis menu.
2. Press the STATS soft key.
The Meter starts collecting data immediately. Individual readings are never stored in
the Meter, but each reading is added to the Average and Standard Deviation
calculation. At the same time, the measured value is compared to the values stored in
the minimum and maximum registers, and overwrites one of these values if it is
lower than the minimum value or greater than the maximum value.
While a series of measurements are being collected, the process can be stopped by
pressing the STOP soft key. To start calculations on another series of measurements,
press the RESTART soft key.
Reading the Min, Max, Std. Dev. and Avg. Values
As the measurements are collected, the display is continually updated with the latest
statistical data as shown below.
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
caw03.eps
The minimum, maximum, average, and standard deviation is displayed along with the
number of measurements the statistics were calculated on.
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
3-12
Stopping Measurement Collection
There are two methods of stopping the collection of measurements for the statistics
function.
To manually stop the measurement collection, press the STOP soft key from the
statistics menu. The display will update with the final set of statistical data.
The process can also be stopped automatically by entering the number of samples on
which you want to calculate statistics. To enter the number of statistic samples:
1. While in the statistics function, press #SAMPLES.
To select the digit to adjust, press the soft key labeled either <-- or -->.
With the desired digit selected, press the soft key labeled -- to decrement the digit
or ++ to increment the character.
2. Press ENTER to set the number of samples.
Note
Setting the number of samples to zero will cause the Meter to collect
samples continuously.
Testing Using Limits
The limits function provides Pass/Fail testing to user specified upper and lower limits.
The upper and lower limits are stored in volatile memory and will be set to zero when the
Meter is first turned on or the meter receives a reset through the remote interface.
Changing the function will also set the limits to zero.
0.69897 V+
HIGH LOW
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
caw029.eps
When testing from the front panel, the Meter displaysOK in the secondary display when
the measurement is between the high and low limit. It displays HIGH or LOW, as shown
above, for each measurement that exceeds the upper or lower limit. The beeper will beep
once (if enabled) for the first measurement outside the limits after an OK measurement.
For remote operation, the Meter can be set to generate a service request (SRQ) on the
first occurrence of a measurement outside the limits. See the Programmers Manual for
information on enabling SRQ for this test.
To set the high and low limits through the front panel:
1. Press J.
2. Press the MATH soft key
3. Press the LIMITS soft key.
4. Press the HIGH or LOW soft key as shown above to set the high or low limit
respectively.
To select the digit to adjust, press either <-- or -->.
Front-Panel Operation
Using the Analyze Functions 3
3-13
With the desired digit selected, press the soft key labeled -- to decrement the digit
or ++ to increment the character. The right most character is the multiplier. This
character can be set to p, n, μ, m, k, M, or G.
5. Press ENTER to set the selected limit.
6. Press ENABLE to start the limits testing.
Note
Since the high and low limits are independent of each other, both high and
low limit conditions could be satisfied by a measurement. In this case, the
Meter gives priority to the low limit condition by displaying LOW and
setting the low bit of the questionable data event register.
Refer to the Programmers Manual for instructions on setting the limits remotely.
Setting an Offset Value
The offset function provides a means of displaying the difference between a measured
value and a stored offset value. This type of measurement is referred to as a relative
measurement.
There are two methods of entering an offset value into the Meter. The first method is to
enter a specified number into the offset register either through the front-panel or over the
remote interface. Previously stored values are replaced with the new value. The offset
value is stored in volatile memory and is set to zero when power is applied to the Meter
or the Meter receives a reset through the remote interface.
The second method is to measure the desired reference value through the Meter’s input
connections and press Z. The measured value is placed into the offset register and the
display immediately starts showing the difference between measurements and the stored
value.
Note
The Zero key cannot be used to zero a DB or DBM measurement. Refer to
“Measuring AC Voltage” in Chapter 4 of this manual.
To enter an offset value through the front-panel:
1. Press J
2. Press the MATH soft key
3. Press the OFFSET soft key.
To select the digit to adjust, press either <-- or -->.
With the desired digit selected, press the soft key labeled -- to decrement the digit
or ++ to increment the character. The right most character is the multiplier. This
character can be set to p, n, μ, m, k, M, or G.
4. Press ENTER to set the value in the offset register.
Note
Limits and Offset are Math functions that cannot be active simultaneously.
Using MX+B
The MX+B function provides a means of calculating a linear value using a measured
value (X) and two constants: M and B. The constant M represents a gain, while the
constant B represents an offset.
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
3-14
To make an mX+B calculation:
1. Press J.
2. Press the MATH soft key.
3. Press the €X+B soft key.
To enter the M value:
4. Press the €X soft key
To select the digit to adjust, press either <-- or -->.
With the desired digit selected, press the soft key labeled -- to decrement the digit
or ++ to increment the character.
5. Press ENTER to enter the M value.
6. Press Bto return to the MX+B menu.
To enter the B value:
7. Press the B soft key.
To select the digit to adjust, press either <-- or -->.
With the desired digit selected, press the soft key labeled -- to decrement the digit
or ++ to increment the character. The right most character is the multiplier. This
character can be set to p, n, μ, m, k, M, or G.
8. Press the ENTER soft key.
9. Press B to return to the MX+B menu.
10. Press the ENABLE soft key to start MX+B calculations.
ENABLE stays highlighted, and all displayed values are the measured value modified by
the formula MX+B.
Pressing ENABLE again disables MX+B, and ENABLE is no longer highlighted. The
MX+B calculation is applied after other MATH scaling calculations, but before other
MATH comparisons.
Using TrendPlot
TrendPlot provides a visual representation of the measured signal over time. About three-
quarters of the Meter’s display is used to plot the maximum and minimum readings
vertically, while the horizontal axis represents time. The vertical and horizontal axis’ are
not calibrated, and only represent relative time and amplitude depending on the input
signal.
Each plot mark is a one pixel-wide vertical line that represents the highest (top of mark)
and lowest (bottom of mark) reading the Meter has taken in the time since the previous
mark was made. The left-most plot mark represents the time TrendPlot was started. When
all available plot points across the plot area are filled, the Meter compresses the plot
marks to one-half of the plot area. The compression process takes the highest and lowest
reading between every two plot marks, and makes a single plot mark representing the
highest and lowest readings of the two combined plot marks. Future plot marks added to
the end of the compressed display are now the Meter’s highest and lowest readings, taken
over a time period twice as long as the period before the compression.
If the amplitude of the measured value exceeds the positive or negative range of the
vertical axis, the Meter adjusts the vertical range to accommodate the range of the new
Front-Panel Operation
Using the Analyze Functions 3
3-15
plot point. Previously laid down plot marks are adjusted down in size proportionally to
the new vertical axis.
The left section of the Meter’s display indicates the highest (maximum) and lowest
(minimum) reading taken since the start of a TrendPlot session. In addition, the length of
the TrendPlot session is displayed in hours, minutes, and seconds (hh:mm:ss).
To start a TrendPlot session:
1. Set up the Meter for the desired measurement by selecting the function and
connecting the signal to the Meter’s input.
Note
Setting the range function to manual will cause the Trendplot display to
plot at the top or bottom edge of the plot area without making an amplitude
adjustment when the input signal exceeds the limits of the Meter’s range.
2. With the Meter taking measurements, press J.
3. Press the TREND PLOT soft key to start the session.
As shown in Figure 3-1, the display will start plotting the readings across the plot area,
and the maximum, minimum, and elapsed time are displayed. When there are longer
intervals or delays between readings, TrendPlot will initially look like unconnected dots
until enough time elapses to gather more readings.
STOP
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
caw057.eps
Figure 3-1. TrendPlot Display
To stop the TrendPlot session, press B or the STOP soft key.
To start the TrendPlot session over, press the STOP soft key followed by the
RESTART soft key.
Using the Histogram Function
The Histogram function provides a graphical representation of the standard deviation of a
series of measurements. The right two-thirds of the Meter’s display is used as a bar graph
chart. The vertical axis is a relative measure of the number of readings while 10 vertical
bars represent the standard deviation across the horizontal axis. The two center bars
indicates the number of readings that fall on either side of the average reading within the
1st standard deviation. The two bars on either side of the center two bars represent the
number of readings that fall within the 2nd standard deviation. The next two represent the
3rd standard deviation and so on to the 5th standard deviation.
The histogram function is helpful in looking at the standard distribution of the UUT.
While observing the bar graph display (see Figure 3-2), adjust the UUT variable control
to peak the center two bars of the histogram.
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
3-16
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
caw056.eps
Figure 3-2. Histogram Display
In addition to the bar graph, the left third of the display also displays the number of
samples, the average, and standard deviation values.
To start a histogram session:
1. Set up the Meter for the desired measurement by selecting the function, and
connecting the signal to the Meter’s input.
2. With the Meter taking measurements, press J.
3. Press HISTOGRAM to start the session.
The display will start adjusting the bar graph as the number of readings accumulates. The
mean and standard deviation values also change in accordance with the collected
readings.
To start the histogram session over, press the STOP soft key followed by the
RESTART soft key.
To stop the histogram session, press B or the STOP soft key.
Controlling Trigger Functions
The Meter’s trigger functions allows you to select a measurement trigger source, set the
number of measurements (samples) per trigger, and set the delay time between receiving
the trigger and the start of a measurement. In addition, the trigger function provides a
“measurement complete” signal on the trigger port on the rear panel. See item 5 in
Table 3-3. Triggering the Meter remotely through one of its communication interfaces is
covered in the Programmers Manual. The following sections discuss triggering the Meter
automatically (internal trigger), or externally using the trigger key on the front panel and
the trigger connector on the rear-panel.
Setup and control of the trigger function is accessible through the Meter’s Measurement
Setup key L.
Choosing a Trigger Source
There are four possible sources for triggering a Meter measurement: automatic, front
panel trigger key W, external, and remote. With the exception of remote triggering,
trigger source selection is through the trigger menu, found under the measurement setup
menu.
To select a trigger source:
1. Press L to see the measurement setup menu.
2. Press the TRIGGER soft key to reveal the trigger control selections.
Front-Panel Operation
Controlling Trigger Functions 3
3-17
Note
Setting the Meter to trigger via a remote command is only accessible
through the remote interface. See the “Triggering” section in the
Programmers Manual for more information on remote triggering.
Auto Triggering
In auto trigger mode, the Meter’s measurements are triggered by internal circuitry. These
triggers are continuous and occur as fast as the configuration will allow. Auto triggering
is the Meter’s power-on trigger source.
To return the Meter to auto trigger mode,
1. Press L.
2. Press the soft key labeled TRIGGER. If the Meter is in external trigger mode, the
soft key label EXT TRIG will be highlighted in the display.
3. Press the soft key labeled EXT TRIG.
External Triggering
In the external trigger mode, a Meter measurement starts each time a low-true pulse is
sensed on the external trigger connector or the front-panel trigger key W is pressed. For
each trigger or pulse received, the Meter will take the specified number of measurements
after the specified trigger delay.
Note
The trigger key is disabled whenever the Meter is in Remote mode.
To set up for an external trigger:
1. Press L.
2. Press the soft key labeled TRIGGER.
3. Press the soft key labeled EXT TRIG.
The Ext Trig soft key label will remain highlighted to indicate the Meter is in
external trigger mode. To return to auto trigger mode, press EXT TRIG again.
If the Meter does not receive a trigger for a few seconds, a TRIG annunciator
illuminates indicating the Meter is waiting for a trigger and a lightning bolt appears
indicating the Meter does not know what voltage is applied to the terminals. Each
press of the trigger key W or an active low pulse on the trigger port will initiate a
measurement.
Setting the Trigger Delay
A Meter measurement can be delayed a set amount of time after receiving a trigger. This
feature may be useful when you need to wait for a signal to settle before measuring it.
When a trigger delay is specified, that delay is used for all functions and ranges.
To set a trigger delay:
1. Press L.
2. Press the soft key labeled TRIGGER.
3. Press the soft key labeled SET DELAY.
The trigger delay can be set between 0 and 3600 seconds with a resolution of 10
microseconds.
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
3-18
4. To select a specific digit to adjust, press either <-- or -->.
With the desired digit selected, press the soft key labeled -- to decrement the digit
or ++ to increment the digit.
5. With the desired delay set, press the soft key labeled ENTER.
Setting the Number of Samples
Normally, the Meter takes one measurement (or sample) each time a trigger is received if
in “wait-for-trigger” state. However, you can set the Meter to take a specified number of
measurements for each trigger.
To set the number of samples per trigger:
1. Press L.
2. Press the soft key labeled TRIGGER.
3. Press the soft key labeled #SAMPLES.
The number of samples per trigger can be set between 0 and 50000 samples.
4. To select a specific digit to adjust, press either <-- or -->.
With the desired digit selected, press the soft key labeled -- to decrement the digit
or ++ to increment the digit.
5. With the desired delay set, press the soft key labeled ENTER.
Understanding the Measurement Complete Signal
The trigger port on the Meter’s back panel provides a low-true pulse at the completion of
each Meter measurement. See the specifications section for more details on this signal.
Accessing and Controlling Memory
The Meter stores readings and meter configuration information using internal and
external memory (8846A only). On the 8846A, external memory connects through the
USB port on the front panel of the Meter. Optional Memory in various storage capacities
is available from Fluke. See the “Options and Accessories” section in Chapter 1 for Fluke
part numbers. In addition to storing and recalling readings and configurations, a memory
management function is available to delete files.
To access the Memory functions, press the M key. The memory menu appears over
the five soft keys: RECALL CONFIG, RECALL READING, STORE CONFIG,
STORE READINGS, and MANAGE MEMORY.
Storing Readings in Memory
The Meter will hold up to 9999 readings in one internal memory file. The 8846A, with
external memory, will hold 999 additional readings files, each of which will store up to
10000 readings.
To store readings in internal memory:
1. Press M.
Front-Panel Operation
Controlling Trigger Functions 3
3-19
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2. Press the STORE READINGS soft key shown above.
3. If not already highlighted, press the INTERNAL MEMORY soft key.
4. Press the #SAMPLES soft key.
5. To adjust the number of samples, press either <-- or --> to select a digit.
With the desired digit selected, press the soft key labeled -- to decrement the digit
or ++ to increment the character. When 2nd Meas is enabled, each primary and
secondary reading is counted as a sample and appears in a separate line/row in the
readings file.
6. With the desired number of samples set, press the ENTER soft key to return to the
store readings menu.
7. Press the START soft key to initiate measurement storing. The START soft key
will change to STOP which can be pressed to stop the storage process. When the
requested number of samples have been stored, the soft key label changes back to
START. The MEM annunciator in the display also illuminates while readings are
being stored.
Note
For internal storage of readings, the number of readings stored will not
exceed 9999 readings regardless of the value set for number of samples.
To store readings in external memory (8846A Only)
1. Press M.
2. Press the STORE READINGS soft key.
3. Press the USB soft key.
4. Press the #SAMPLES soft key.
5. To adjust the number of samples, press either <-- or --> to select a digit.
With the chosen digit selected, press the soft key labeled -- to decrement the digit
or ++ to increment the character.
6. With the number of samples set, press the ENTER soft key to return to the Store
Readings menu.
7. Press the START soft key to begin storing measurements. The START soft key will
change to STOP which can be pressed to stop the storage process. When the
requested number of samples have been stored, the soft key label changes back to
START. The MEM annunciator in the display also illuminates while readings are
being stored.
8845A/8846A
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3-20
Note
Each memory file will store up to 10000 readings. If the number of samples
is set to a value greater than 10000, consecutive memory files will be used
to store all the samples. If the readings fill the last file (999), reading
storage will stop.
Recalling Readings from Memory
To recall readings from internal memory:
1. Press M.
2. Press the RECALL READING soft key.
The Meter displays the first stored reading from the internal file. Four soft keys
provide the means to scroll through the readings stored in the file. The FIRST soft
key displays the first reading in the file while the LAST soft key displays the last
reading. Use the <-- and --> soft keys to move forward and backward through the
file one reading at a time.
To recall readings from external memory (8846A Only), the memory device must be
removed from the 8846A and plugged into a PC where the comma delimited files can be
read. Each file is labeled MEAS0XXX.CSV. The XXX is the file number starting at 001
and going up to 999. Each file is date and time stamped.
Storing Meter Configuration Information
Up to five meter configurations can be stored in the Meter’s internal memory. The
8846A, with optional USB memory installed, can store an additional 99 configurations in
the external memory.
To store a meter configuration in the Meter’s internal memory:
1. Press M.
2. Press the STORE CONFIG soft key as shown below.
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
0.5993
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3. Press the STORE INT MEM soft key.
4. Press one of the five soft keys labeled with the desired memory location to store the
present Meter configuration.
To store a meter configuration in to optional external memory (8846A Only):
1. Press M.
2. Press the STORE CONFIG soft key.
3. Press the STORE USB soft key.
The Meter labels the first four soft keys with the first four memory locations.
CONFIG01 through CONFIG04. The fifth soft key is labeled MORE to allow
access to all 100 memory locations.
Front-Panel Operation
Controlling Trigger Functions 3
3-21
4. To store the present Meter configuration in one of the first four memory locations,
press the appropriate soft key. If you want to store the present Meter configuration in
a location other than the first four locations, press the MORE soft key.
The display indicates the next available memory location. If all configuration
memory locations are filled, the Meter will always indicate memory location 10.
5. To adjust the display to the desired memory location, press either <-- or --> to
select a specific digit.
With the digit selected, press the soft key labeled -- to decrement the digit or ++ to
increment the digit.
6. With the preferred memory location set, press the ENTER soft key to store the Meter
configuration.
Storing the Power-up Configuration
To store the Meter’s present configuration as a power-up configuration:
1. Press M.
2. Press the STORE CONFIG softkey.
3. Press the STORE POWER-UP softkey.
The Meter configuration stored as a power-up configuration will be set whenever the
Meter is powered on.
Note
LAN port remote settings (address, hostname, DHCP, mask, etc.) are saved
separately when selected in each instrument, and are not included in
individually stored/copied configurations.
Recalling the Power-up Configuration
In addition to having the power-up configuration to set up the Meter at power on, the
power-up configuration can be recalled through the front-panel keys. To recall the power-
up configuration:
1. Press M.
2. Press the RECALL POWER-UP softkey.
1.4748
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
RECALL
USB
RECALL
INT MEM
RECALL CONFIG
caw063.eps
3. Press the RECALL CONFIG softkey.
Note
The RECALL POWER-UP softkey will only appear when a power-up
configuration has been saved in the Meter’s memory.
8845A/8846A
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3-22
Removing the Power-up Configuration
To remove the Meter’s stored power-up configuration:
4. Press M.
5. Press the STORE CONFIG softkey.
6. Press the REMOVE POWER-UP softkey.
After removing the power-up configuration, power the Meter down and back up using the
rear-panel power switch to restore factory default settings.
Recalling a Meter Configuration
To recall a configuration from internal memory:
1. Press M.
2. Press the RECALL CONFIG soft key.
3. Press the RECALL INT MEM soft key.
4. Press the soft key labeled with the memory location (CONFIGA through
CONFIGE).
To recall a configuration from external memory (8846A Only):
1. Press M.
2. Press the RECALL CONFIG soft key.
3. Press the RECALL USB soft key.
The Meter labels the first four soft keys with the first four memory locations
CONFIG01 through CONFIG04. The fifth soft key is labeled MORE to allow
access to all 100 memory locations.
4. To recall the Meter configuration from one of the first four memory locations, press
the appropriately labeled soft key. If you want a memory location other than the first
four locations, press the MORE soft key.
The display indicates the last memory location containing a Meter configuration. If
all configuration memory locations are filled, the Meter will always indicate memory
location 10.
5. To select the memory location, press either <-- or --> to select a specific digit.
With the digit selected, press the soft key labeled -- to decrement the digit or ++ to
increment the digit.
6. Once the chosen memory location is set, press the ENTER soft key to recall that
Meter configuration.
Note
Incompatible configurations (from incompatible configuration versions)
will not be loaded, but will generate error +229 "Incompatible
measurement configuration not loaded".
Managing Memory
The Meter provides a method of clearing internal memory and displaying the status of
external memory (8846A Only). Per Department of Defense requirements, the Meter
allows the erasure of Meter configuration and data files from external USB memory
modules. Other files are not erased from the modules.
Front-Panel Operation
Controlling System-Related Operations 3
3-23
To copy the last or interrupted readings file from internal memory to an already-inserted
USB memory device:
1. Press M.
2. Press the INIT MEAS TO USB soft key.
The copy process will take several seconds.
To erase USB memory, refer to the “Media Memory” section in Chapter 1.
To clear internal memory contents:
3. Press M.
4. Press the MANAGE MEMORY soft key as shown below.
9.30011
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
V
~
caw062.eps
5. Press the ERASE MEMORY soft key.
6. If you are sure you want to clear all stored readings, all stored configurations, the
user string and the hostname from internal memory, press the ERASE soft key. If
not, press the CANCEL soft key.
To check the amount of external memory available (8846A Only):
1. Press M.
2. Press the MANAGE MEMORY soft key.
3. Press the USB STATUS soft key.
After a few seconds, the Meter displays the total external memory, the amount of
external memory used and free external memory.
Controlling System-Related Operations
Identifying Meter Errors
When the Meter detects an error, the error annunciator (item 5 in Table 3-2) is
illuminated, and the beeper sounds. A list of possible Meter errors can be found in
Appendix B of this manual.
To read the error or errors:
1. Press I.
2. Press SYSTEM.
3. Press ERROR.
4. The first error, if there is more than one, is displayed. To read additional errors, press
NEXT.
If you want to erase all error messages without looking at each, press the CLR ALL soft
key.
8845A/8846A
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3-24
Querying the Firmware for Revision Level
The Meter makes available the hardware version, software version, and serial number of
the instrument.
To view the versions and serial number:
1. Press I.
2. Press the soft key under SYSTEM.
3. Press the soft key under VERSIONS + SN under the Setup menu.
The display shows the outguard software version (OutG SW), the inguard software
version (InG SW), the outguard hardware version (OutG HW) and the inguard
hardware version (InG HW). Also displayed is the Meter’s serial number
(Serial #).
Adjusting Display Brightness
Setting the brightness of the display is accessible through the Instrument Setup key.
To adjust display brightness:
1. Press I.
2. Press the SYSTEM soft key.
3. Press the BRIGHT soft key.
4. Press one of the soft keys under LOW, MEDIUM, and HIGH.
5. Press B to return to the previous menu.
Setting the Meter’s Date and Time
1. Press I.
2. Press the SYSTEM soft key.
3. Press the DATE TIME soft key.
4. To adjust the display to the desired date and time, press either <-- or --> to select
a specific digit or the month.
With the desired digit or month selected, press the soft key labeled -- to decrement
the digit or ++ to increment the digit.
5. Press the ENTER soft key to set the date and time and return to the system menu.
USB Operation
Starting with software version OutG SW 1.0.688.18, the USB memory operation offers a
variety of capabilities. As an example, a USB device can be used to store readings either
directly from the A/D or by transferring readings from internal memory. The data stored
in the USB memory device is in a comma delimited (CSV) format.
USB Storage Capacity and Write Time
The 8846A USB storage limit is 50,000 readings every time START is pressed (F1 soft
key press). Previous versions stored 50,000 readings in 10 files, each with 5,000 readings.
This version stores 50,000 readings in five files, with 10,000 readings each.
If storing readings to the USB memory device is not completed (or is interrupted by
changing function, NPLC, remote...), press MEMORY, MANAGE MEMORY,
INIT MEAS TO USB so volatile readings in internal memory are stored to the USB.
Front-Panel Operation
Configuring the Remote Interface 3
3-25
If STOP is selected during storage to the USB device, readings in internal memory will
be written directly to the device. Note that this may take several seconds. A USB memory
device should never be removed while a write is occurring.
The data is initially stored in internal memory and then transferred to the USB memory
device. For large data samples (i.e. > 10,000 readings), when 10,000 readings have been
stored in the internal memory, the data will be transferred to the USB memory device.
The front panel display shows “BUSY WRITING USB" during the write. For
10,000 samples, the write time will typically take ~14 seconds.
In ACV, you can press dB, dBm, or zero while data is being stored. Units (and dgC, dgF,
K etc) can be changed in the middle of a USB readings file as well.
Each *.CSV file stored or copied to the USB memory device shows the date + time of the
first sample line/row and the date + time of the last sample in each file.
Note
Readings are not stored during the time each file is written to USB memory
stick, which can take 7 - 15 seconds. As a result, when storing more than
10,000 readings, there will be data gaps during the time the file is written
to the USB memory device.
Note
When using Mx+B and other math functions, the internal sampling rate is
slowed to permit data collection without loss. As an example, with Mx+B
active, the maximum dcV storage rate is ~340 reading/s.
USB Memory Device Compatibility and Special Instruction
After inserting a USB memory device (Mass Storage Device) into the 8846A, wait
5+ seconds for the USB memory to be mounted before initiating any memory or
measurement activity.
Press [MEMORY], MANAGE MEMORY, and USB STATUS to verify a USB memory
device is readable by the 8846A Not all USB memory devices are usable. Devices that try
to upload their own driver are generally not compatible.
Wait 3 or more seconds after the USB memory device light stops indicating any activity
before removing the USB memory device. Powering the 8846A down or removing the
USB memory device prematurely can leave the USB memory device unreadable.
Configuring the Remote Interface
Selecting an interface port, setting up the ports, and selecting the command set the Meter
will recognize is accomplished through the Instrument Setup key. For information on the
commands that will remotely control the Meter, refer to the Programmers Manual.
Checking the Meter’s Calibration Date
To read the Meter’s calibration date:
1. Press I
2. Press the CAL soft key as shown below.
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3. Press the CAL DATE soft key to display the date the Meter was last calibrated.
4. Press B to go back to the previous menu.
Note
UNLOCK CAL allows entry of a password so authorized personnel can
calibrate the Meter or change the (CAL) USER STRING.
Note
CAL USER STRING can be changed/entered after UNLOCK CAL. The
string also appears on the top line/row of the stored readings files.
Resetting the Meter’s Default Settings
To reset the Meter’s default settings:
1. Press I to see the instrument setup menu.
2. Press the RESET soft key to reset the Meter.
Note
Pressing the reset soft key will restore the Meter to the stored Power-up
configuration if defined, otherwise it will reset to the Meter factory default
settings.
4-1
Chapter 4
Making Measurements
Title Page
Introduction........................................................................................................ 4-3
Selecting Function Modifiers............................................................................. 4-3
Activating the Secondary Display ..................................................................... 4-3
Measuring Voltage............................................................................................. 4-4
Measuring DC Voltage.................................................................................. 4-4
Measuring AC Voltage.................................................................................. 4-5
Measuring Frequency and Period ...................................................................... 4-7
Measuring Resistance ........................................................................................ 4-7
Making a Two-wire Resistance Measurement .............................................. 4-8
Making a Four-wire Resistance Measurement .............................................. 4-8
Measuring Current ............................................................................................. 4-10
Measuring DC Current .................................................................................. 4-11
Measuring AC Current .................................................................................. 4-12
Measuring Capacitance (8846A only) ............................................................... 4-13
Measuring RTD Temperature (8846A only) ..................................................... 4-14
Testing Continuity ............................................................................................. 4-15
Checking Diodes................................................................................................ 4-16
Making a Triggered Measurement..................................................................... 4-17
Setting the Trigger Mode............................................................................... 4-17
Setting a Trigger Delay ................................................................................. 4-17
Setting Number of Samples per Trigger........................................................ 4-17
Connecting an External Trigger .................................................................... 4-18
Monitoring the Measurement-Complete Signal................................................. 4-18
8845A/8846A
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4-2
Making Measurements
Introduction 4
4-3
Introduction
XW Warning
To avoid possible electrical shock, and/or damage to the Meter,
• Read the safety information found in Chapter 1 before
operating this meter.
• Do not apply more than 1000 volts between any terminal
and earth ground.
This chapter covers the steps for making a measurement with each of the Meter’s
functions. These steps include making a proper and safe connection between the Meter
and the circuit, as well as the manipulation of the front-panel controls to display the
selected measurement.
If you are unfamiliar with the front-panel controls, review the relevant sections in
Chapter 3.
Selecting Function Modifiers
Most of the functions described in this Chapter will have choices for changing how the
measured value is displayed or how the input signal is processed. These “Function
Modifiers” appear in the bottom line of the display as soft key labels. The available
selections are dependent on the selected function and are described in the Meter function
descriptions provided in this Chapter.
Activating the Secondary Display
For most of the Meter’s functions, an additional measured parameter may appear in the
display. These additional parameters are available when 2ND MEAS appears over one
of the soft keys.
The secondary measurement may be another parameter of the primary signal (e.g., ac
voltage and frequency of one signal), or a measurement of another signal made
simultaneously with the primary signal (e.g., dc voltage and dc current).
The range of the secondary display is always automatically controlled.
To select a secondary measurement:
1. Press the soft key labeled 2ND MEAS.
Each additional press of this soft key will cause the secondary display to cycle
through the available measurements. After the last secondary measurement is shown,
the next press of this soft key turns the secondary display off.
Note
When switching between Meter functions, the secondary display selection
for the function you last selected is deactivated the next time that function is
selected.
8845A/8846A
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4-4
Measuring Voltage
The Meter is capable of measuring up to 1000 V dc, 750 V ac (8845A) or 1000 V ac
(8846A).
W Caution
To avoid blowing the current fuses and possible damage to
other equipment, do not apply voltage to the meter’s input until
the test leads are properly connected to the input, and the
proper voltage function selected.
Measuring DC Voltage
To make a dc voltage measurement:
1. Press E.
The dc voltage icon | will appear to the right of the displayed value as shown
below.
-0.001698V
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
caw021.eps
2. Connect the test leads to the Meter’s inputs as shown in Figure 4-1.
3. Connect the test leads to the circuit and read the measured voltage in the Meter’s
display.
2
INPUT SENSE
HI
LO
FRONT
REAR
10 A
1V
00
mA
4
W
HI
LO
2W/4W
V
300V
FUSED
1000 V CAT I
600V CAT II
4
Circuit
Under
Test
caw019.eps
Figure 4-1. Input Connections for Voltage, Resistance, and Frequency Measurements
Function modifiers:
D FLTR A filter for quieting noisy measurments. This filter averages readings
to reduce reading noise when in immedicate trigger mode or when in
trigger mode with an unending number of triggers selected. The filter
Making Measurements
Measuring Voltage 4
4-5
is only available for dc functions at rates slower than 1 PLC. The
number of readings averaged by the digital filter varies with dc
function and range.
A FLTR A 3-pole analog filter for improving noise immunity. The filter is
active when this soft key label is highlighted and will increase
stabilization time of the measurement. See Appendix D for more
information on when to use the analog filter.
Note
For best results, the filter may require zeroing the
function when used.
RATIO DC measurement voltage divided by dc reference voltage. For dc
ratio, connect the reference HI/LO to the Meter’s HI/LO sense
terminals and the measurement voltage to the Meter’s HI/LO input
terminals. Note the specified measurement range applies to the input
terminals only.
Note
For best results in RATIO, the two input commons must
be shorted at the Meter terminals. The analog filter
(A FLTR) should be off.
2ND MEAS Cycles the secondary display through the measurement functions
listed below, and then off. When a second measurement function is
selected, the 2ND MEAS soft key label is highlighted.
VAC - Displays the ac signal riding on the measured dc voltage.
Note
DCV/ACV dual mode should not be used at frequencies
below 20 Hz.
See the “Range Keys” section in Chapter 1 to learn how to switch between auto and
manual ranging.
Measuring AC Voltage
To make an ac voltage measurement:
1. Press A.
The ac voltage icon VB will appear in display as shown below.
0.3861 mV~
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
caw022.eps
2. Connect the test leads to the Meter’s input as shown in Figure 4-1.
3. Connect the test leads to the circuit and read the measured voltage in the Meter’s
display.
8845A/8846A
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4-6
Function modifiers:
Filter Displays the filter menu. For best accuracy and stable readings,
choose a filter based on the lowest frequency to be measured and the
performance needed.
3HZ SLOW Provides higher measurement accuracy on ac signals
between 3 Hz and 20 Hz. However, the measurement
cycle time is longer than it is when using the 20 Hz
filter.
20HZ Provides higher measurement accuracy on ac signals
between 20 Hz and 200 Hz. The measurement cycle
time is longer, however, than it is when using the
200 Hz filter.
200HZ Provides accurate measurements on ac signals 200 Hz
and above.
dB Displays the measured voltage as a decibel value referenced to a
stored relative value (dB = 20 log(Vnew/Vstored). The stored value is
obtained from the first measurement the Meter makes after pressing
the dB soft key. All future measurements are displayed using the
stored value as an offset. To take the Meter out of dB mode, press the
dB soft key.
dB€ Displays the measured voltage as a power decibel value referenced to
1 milliwatt (dBm = 10 log(power of Vnew into the reference
resistance / 1 mW) or 10 log(V2/R*1 mW) where R is the resistance.
To accommodate the various impedances that a dBm measurement
can be made across, the Meter allows for the selection of 21 different
impedance values.
To set the dB reference impedance:
1. Press L.
2. Press the soft key labeled dB€ Ref.
The available impedance settings are presented in sets of three
values. To move to a higher set of impedance values, press ++
-->. Press <-- -- to go to a lower set of impedance values.
3. With the impedance highlighted, press the soft key under the
value selected.
2ND MEAS Cycles the secondary display through the measurement functions
listed below, and then off. When a second measurement function is
selected, the 2ND MEAS soft key label is highlighted.
VDC - Displays the dc voltage on which the ac signal may be riding.
Note
ACV/DCV dual mode should not be used at frequencies
below 10 Hz.
Frequency - Displays the frequency of the ac signal applied to the
Input HI and LO connectors of the Meter.
Making Measurements
Measuring Frequency and Period 4
4-7
Measuring Frequency and Period
The Meter measures the frequency, or period of ac signals between 3 Hz and 1 MHz,
applied between the Meter’s HI and LO connectors.
The G key not only activates the Meter’s Frequency/Period function, but also toggles
the Meter’s primary display between the signal’s frequency and period measurement.
Therefore, whether a frequency or period measurement appears after pressing G
depends on the condition this function was left in the last time it was used.
To make a frequency measurement:
1. Press G.
0.000000 Hz
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
caw06f.eps
If S is displayed, press G again to switch the primary display to frequency.
2. Connect the Meter to the signal as shown in Figure 4-1.
To make a period measurement:
1. Press G.
If HZ is displayed, press G again to switch the primary display to period.
2. Connect the Meter to the signal as shown in Figure 4-1.
Note
Each press of G switches the measurement between frequency and
period.
Function modifiers:
APERTURE Displays three different gate time selections: 0.01, 0.1 and 1 second.
These selections set the minimum amount of time the Meter takes to
measure frequency. Shorter gate times result in lower measurement
resolution.
2ND MEAS Cycles the secondary display through the measurement functions
listed below, and then off. When a second measurement function is
selected, the 2ND MEAS soft key label is highlighted.
Period – If a frequency measurement is in the primary display, the
period of the signal appears in the secondary display when the
2ND MEAS soft key is pressed.
Measuring Resistance
The Meter is capable of making two-wire and four-wire resistance measurements. Two-
wire measurements are easy to set up, and will make accurate measurements in most
applications. In a two-wire resistance measurement, both the source current and sensing
is done through the INPUT HI and LO terminals. A four-wire resistance measurement
8845A/8846A
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4-8
will source current through the INPUT HI and LO terminals and use the SENSE HI and
LO to measure the resistance.
Making a Two-wire Resistance Measurement
To make a two-wire resistance measurement:
1. Connect the test leads to the Meter’s input connectors as shown in Figure 4-1.
2. Press N.
0.206220MΩ
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
caw030.eps
3. If not already highlighted as shown above, press the 2W 2WX4W soft key.
Function modifiers:
D FLTR A filter for quieting noisy measurments. This filter averages readings
to reduce reading noise when in immedicate trigger mode or when in
trigger mode with an unending number of triggers selected. The filter
is only available for dc functions at rates slower than 1 PLC. The
number of readings averaged by the digital filter varies with dc
function and range.
A FLTR A 3-pole analog filter for improving noise immunity. The filter is
active when this soft key label is highlighted and will increase
stabilization time of the measurement. See Appendix D for more
information on when to use the analog filter.
Note
For best results, the filter may require zeroing during the
ohms function.
Refer to the “Range Keys” section in Chapter 3 of this manual for information on how to
adjust the measurement range.
Making a Four-wire Resistance Measurement
The Meter incorporates two methods of making a four-wire resistance measurement. The
traditional method is to use four meter leads to connect the Meter to the resistance to be
measured. The optional 2X4 Wire test leads simplifies the four-wire measurement so you
only have to plug in two test leads to the front-panel Input HI and LO connectors of the
meter.
To make a four-wire resistance measurement using four test leads:
1. Connect the test leads to the Meter’s input connectors as shown in Figure 4-2.
2. Press N.
Making Measurements
Measuring Resistance 4
4-9
0.217384
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
caw031.eps
3. If not already highlighted as shown above, press the 4WIRE soft key to switch to a
four-wire measurement.
2
INPUT SENSE
HI
LO
FRONT
REAR
10 A
1V
400
mA
4W
HI
LO
2W/4W
V
300V
FUSED
1000 V CAT I
600V CAT II
caw023.eps
Figure 4-2. Input Connections for 4-wire Resistance Measurements
To make a four-wire resistance measurement using Fluke’s 2X4 test leads:
1. Connect the test leads to the Meter’s input connectors as show in Figure 4-3.
2. Press N.
3. If not already highlighted, press the 2X4WIRE soft key.
8845A/8846A
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4-10
2
INPUT SENSE
HI
LO
FRONT
REAR
10 A
1V
00
mA
4
W
HI
LO
2W/4W
V
300V
FUSED
1000 V CAT I
600V CAT II
4
Ground tab
caw060.eps
Figure 4-3. Input Connections for 4-wire Ohms Using 2x4 Wire Leads
Function modifiers:
D FLTR A filter for quieting noisy measurments. This filter averages readings
to reduce reading noise when in immedicate trigger mode or when in
trigger mode with an unending number of triggers selected. The filter
is only available for dc functions at rates slower than 1 PLC. The
number of readings averaged by the digital filter varies with dc
function and range.
A FLTR A 3-pole analog filter for improving noise immunity. The filter is
active when this soft key’s label is highlighted.
Refer to the “Range Keys” section in Chapter 3 of this manual for information on how to
adjust the measurement range.
Measuring Current
The Meter is capable of making both ac and dc current measurements up to 10 A. Two
separate input connectors, in conjunction with the LO connector, are used for current
measurements. For best resolution, current measurements not exceeding 400 mA should
be made using the LO and mA input connectors as shown in Figure 4-4.
W Caution
To avoid blowing the current input fuse or possibly damaging
the Meter:
• Current measurements between 400 mA and 10 A should be
measured using only the 10 A and LO input connectors.
• BEFORE applying power to the circuit to be measured,
ensure the test leads are correctly connected to the Meter
inputs appropriate for the expected current.
• Exceeding 440 mA on the 400 mA input connector or
exceeding 11 A on the 10 Amp connector will blow the
internal fuse.
Making Measurements
Measuring Current 4
4-11
Current measurements expecting to be between 400 mA and 10 A are made using the
Input LO and 10A input connectors as shown in Figure 4-5.
2
INPUT SENSE
HI
LO
FRONT
REAR
10 A
1V
00
mA
4
W
HI
LO
2W/4W
V
300V
FUSED
1000 V CAT I
600V CAT II
4
V AC
I < 400 mA
caw025.eps
Figure 4-4. Input Connections for Current Measurements Below 400 mA
2
INPUT SENSE
HI
LO
FRONT
REAR
10 A
1V
00
mA
4
W
HI
LO
2W/4W
V
300V
FUSED
1000 V CAT I
600V CAT II
4
V AC
I > 400 mA
and
I < 10 A
caw026.eps
Figure 4-5. Input Connections for Current Measurements Above 400 mA
Refer to the “Range Keys” section in Chapter 3 of this manual for information on how to
adjust the measurement range.
Measuring DC Current
To measure dc current:
1. Connect the test leads between the Meter’s input connectors and the measured circuit
as shown in Figure 4-4 for currents 400 mA or less or Figure 4-5 for currents up to
10 amps.
2. Press H.
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
4-12
0.0086
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
caw09f.eps
3. With the test leads connected to the 400 mA and Input LO connectors, press the€A
soft key as shown above, if not already highlighted. If the test leads are connected to
the 10A and Input LO connectors, then press the 10A soft key.
4. Apply power to the measured circuit and read the current in the Meter’s display.
Function modifiers:
D FLTR A filter for quieting noisy measurments. This filter averages readings
to reduce reading noise when in immedicate trigger mode or when in
trigger mode with an unending number of triggers selected. The filter
is only available for dc functions at rates slower than 1 PLC. The
number of readings averaged by the digital filter varies with dc
function and range.
A FLTR A 3-pole analog filter for improving noise immunity. The filter is
active when this soft key label is highlighted and will increase
stabilization time of the measurement. See Appendix D for more
information on when to use the analog filter.
Note
For best results, the filter may require zeroing during the
current function.
2ND MEAS Cycles the secondary display through the measurement functions
listed below, and then off. When a second measurement function is
selected, the 2ND MEAS soft key label is highlighted.
ACI - Displays the ac current riding on the dc current measurement.
DCI/DCV – Displays the dc current and dc voltage present on the
input. To measure the voltage and current of an input signal requires
three leads. The voltage and current measurement must share the same
common lead. The resistance of the common lead combines with a
small amount of internal resistance in the meter to cause an IR drop
that affects the accuracy of the voltage measurement. Depending on
the circumstance, this effect can be substantial. As an example, 20
mΩ of lead resistance can cause more than 20 mV of additional error
at 1 A.
Note
Measurement of ac signals below 20 Hz is not recommended in DCI/ACI
dual mode. Use the ACI function for this measurement.
Measuring AC Current
To measure ac current:
1. Connect the test leads between the Meter’s input connectors and the measured circuit
as shown in Figure 4-4 or Figure 4-5, based on the anticipated level of current.
Making Measurements
Measuring Capacitance (8846A only) 4
4-13
2. Press K.
0.0333uA~
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
caw08f.eps
3. With the test leads connected to the 400 mA and Input LO connectors, press the €A
soft key as shown above, if not already highlighted. If the test leads are connected to
the 10A and Input LO connectors, then press the 10A soft key.
4. Apply power to the measured circuit and read the current in the Meter’s display.
Function modifiers:
Filter Displays the filter menu. For best accuracy and stable readings,
choose a filter based on the lowest frequency to be measured and the
accuracy needed.
3HZ SLOW Provides higher measurement accuracy on ac signals
between 3 Hz and 20 Hz. However, the measurement
cycle time is longer than it is when using the 20 Hz
filter.
20HZ Provides higher measurement accuracy on ac signals
between 20 Hz and 200 Hz. However, the measurement
cycle time is longer than it is when using the 200 Hz
filter.
200HZ Provides accurate measurements on ac signals 200 Hz
and above.
2ND MEAS Cycles the secondary display through the measurement functions
listed below, and then off. When a second measurement function is
selected, the 2ND MEAS soft key label is highlighted.
IDC - Displays the dc current the ac signal is riding on.
Frequency - Displays the frequency of the ac signal on the Meter’s
current connectors (Input Lo and 400 ma or 10A) connectors.
Measuring Capacitance (8846A only)
The Fluke 8846A is capable of measuring capacitance from 1 pF to 100 mF (0.1 F).
To make a capacitance measurement:
1. Press C. An example of the capacitance display is shown below.
0.000nF
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
caw10f.eps
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
4-14
2. With the leads open, press Z.
3. Connect the Meter’s test leads as shown in Figure 4-6.
2
INPUT SENSE
HI
LO
FRONT
REAR
10 A
1V
00
mA
4
W
HI
LO
2W/4W
V
300V
FUSED
1000 V CAT I
600V CAT II
4
caw027.eps
Figure 4-6. Measuring Capacitance
Refer to the “Range Keys” section in Chapter 3 of this manual for information on how to
adjust the measurement range.
Measuring RTD Temperature (8846A only)
The Fluke 8846A is capable of measuring temperatures between -200 °C and 600 °C
using Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs).
To make a temperature measurement:
1. Connect the RTD to the Input HI, and LO, then the SENSE HI and LO connectors
as shown in Figure 4-7.
2
INPUT SENSE
HI
LO
FRONT
REAR
10 A
1V
00
mA
4
W
HI
LO
2W/4W
V
300V
FUSED
1000 V CAT I
600V CAT II
4
caw028.eps
Figure 4-7. Temperature Measurements
2. Press T to display the measured temperature as shown below.
Making Measurements
Testing Continuity 4
4-15
- 246.645ºF
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
caw11f.eps
To change the temperature scale, refer to the “Setting the Default Temperature Scale”
section in Chapter 3 of this manual. Available scales are Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin.
Refer to the “Adjusting the Meter’s Range” section in Chapter 3 of this manual for
information on how to adjust the measurement range.
Function modifiers:
4Wire Switches the measurement input connectors to 4-wire measurement
for 4-wire RTDs. 4-wire RTDs make more accurate measurements.
RTD 385 Default RTD type. All coefficients are predefined.
RO Used to select a different value of RTD resistance at 0 °C.
ALPHA Used to set the first coefficient of the Calendar-Van Dusen equation.
2ND MEA Cycles the secondary display through the measurement functions
listed below and then off.
OHMS - Displays the resistance of the RTD. 2-wire resistance is used
when in 2-wire temperature mode and 4-wire resistance when the
Meter is in 4-wire RTD mode.
Testing Continuity
Continuity testing determines whether a circuit is intact (i.e., has a resistance less than the
threshold). The threshold is selectable between 1 and 1000 Ω.
To perform a continuity test:
1. Press S on the 8846A or Q on the 8845A. An example of the continuity display
is shown below.
OPEN
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
caw12f.eps
Connect the test leads as shown in Figure 4-1.
Note
The Beeper cannot be disabled in continuity. Pressing BEEPER OFF turns
off the beeper for errors.
To set the threshold value, refer to the “Setting the Continuity Threshold Resistance”
section in Chapter 3 of this manual.
Function modifiers:
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
4-16
None
Checking Diodes
The diode function sends a current through a semiconductor junction while the Meter
measures the voltage drop across the junction (or junctions). Measurements are displayed
in the 10 V range at a relatively fast measurement rate. "OPEN" is displayed for voltages
10 % above the compliance voltage setting. Typical junction voltage drop on good
junctions are 0.3 to 0.8 volts. If enabled, the beeper will make a short beep when a good
junction is detected. Shorted diodes will indicate a significantly lower voltage.
With the higher compliance voltage (up to 10 V), the Meter’s diode test function can test
zeners up to 10 volts, diode stacks and LEDs. The selectable current and maximum
voltage allows you to tailor the diode test to the expected voltage for the junction being
tested.
To check a diode:
1. Press S twice on the 8846A or D once on the 8845A. An example of the diode
test display is shown below.
0.5994
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5
+
caw13f.eps
2. Select the test voltage and current appropriate for the diode being tested by pressing
the associated soft keys.
3. Connect the test leads as shown in Figure 4-8.
2
INPUT SENSE
HI
LO
FRONT
REAR
10 A
1V
00
mA
4
W
HI
LO
2W/4W
V
300V
FUSED
1000 V CAT I
600V CAT II
4
caw024.eps
Figure 4-8. Diode Testing Connections
Function modifiers:
None
Making Measurements
Making a Triggered Measurement 4
4-17
Four soft keys allow changing the test voltage and current applied to the diode through
the test leads. The compliance voltage is set to either 5 volts or 10 volts. The compliance
current is set to either 1 mA or 0.1 mA. Press the appropriate soft key to select the desired
voltage and current setting.
Making a Triggered Measurement
Triggering the Meter’s measurement cycle is set through the trigger menu and performed
via a connection on the Meter’s rear panel or the front panel trigger key. The trigger
menu also allows setting a trigger delay and setting the number of samples or
measurement cycles taken for each trigger received. All trigger function parameters are
accessed through the measurement setup key.
Press Lto see the measurement setup menu.
A measurement trigger can also be initiated through the IEEE 488 port with a remote
command. This method of triggering is covered in the 8845A/8846A Programmers
Manual.
Setting the Trigger Mode
The Meter’s measurement cycle can be initiated either by the internal measurement
circuit or by external stimulus.
To select the trigger mode:
1. With the measurement setup menu displayed, press the soft key labeled TRIGGER.
If EXT TRIG is highlighted, the Meter’s measurement cycle is triggered externally
either through the external trigger jack on the rear panel, or the trigger key on the
front panel. If EXT TRIG is not highlighted, then the Meter’s measurement cycle is
triggered automatically by its internal circuitry.
2. Press the soft key labeled EXT TRIG to toggle between internal and external
triggering.
Setting a Trigger Delay
When in external trigger mode, the Meter is capable of delaying the start of the
measurement cycle after the trigger stimulus is sensed by up to 3600 seconds.
To set a trigger delay:
1. With the measurement setup menu displayed, press the soft key labeled TRIGGER.
2. Press the soft key labeled TRIG DELAY.
3. Use the soft keys to set the trigger delay.
Select the digit in the value by pressing either <-- or -->.
With the desired digit selected, press the soft key labeled -- to decrement the digit
or ++ to increment the character.
4. Press ENTER.
Setting Number of Samples per Trigger
When in external trigger mode, the Meter will take between 1 and 50,000 measurements
for each trigger received.
To set the number of samples, or measurements the Meter will take for each external
trigger received:
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
4-18
1. Press Lto display the measurement setup menu.
2. Press the TRIGGER soft key.
3. Press the soft key labeled #SAMPLES.
4. Use the soft keys to set the number of samples between 1 and 50,000.
Select the digit in the value by pressing either <-- or -->.
With the digit selected, press the soft key labeled -- to decrement the digit or ++ to
increment the character.
5. Press ENTER.
Connecting an External Trigger
The TRIG I/O jack on the Meter’s rear panel is used to connect to an external trigger
signal. The falling edge of a TTL signal will trigger the Meter to start taking
measurements, if the Meter is in external trigger mode.
Figure 4-9 indicates the purpose of the three pins in the TRIG I/O connector.
TRIG I/O
Pin 3: Measure Complete OutPin 1: Trigger In
Pin 2: Signal Ground
caw059.eps
Figure 4-9. TRIG I/O Pin-out Description
Monitoring the Measurement-Complete Signal
In addition to being a trigger input, the TRIG I/O jack on the Meter’s rear panel also
provides a signal indicating the completion of a measurement cycle. A falling edge of a
TTL signal indicates a measurement cycle is complete. See Figure 4-9 above to identify
which pins on the TRIG I/O connector are used to sense the measurement-complete
signal.
Appendices
Appendix Title Page
A 2X4 Test Leads ................................................................................................... A-1
B Errors................................................................................................................... B-1
C RS-232 Port Connections.................................................................................... C-1
D Analog Filter Applications.................................................................................. D-1
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
A-1
Appendix A
2X4 Test Leads
Introduction
The optional Fluke TL2X4W test leads simplify making 4-wire ohms measurements by
integrating the HI+HI Sense and LO+LO Sense test leads into one cable. The Meter’s
Input HI and LO jacks consist of two contacts. One contact is connected to HI or LO
input circuits and the other contact is connected to the Sense input circuits. Like the input
jacks, the 2x4 test lead also has two contacts that align with the input jack contacts to
provide a four wire connection.
Ground tab
caw061.eps
Figure A-1. 2X4 Wire Test Leads
XW Warning
To avoid electric shock and possible damage to the Meter, use
the 2X4 Wire test leads as specified in the instruction sheet that
comes with the probes. Inspect the test leads before use. Do
not use them if insulation is damaged or metal is exposed.
Check the test leads for continuity. Replace damaged test leads
before using the Meter.
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
A-2
B-1
Appendix B
Errors
Introduction
Listed below are the error messages the Meter uses to indicate a problem.
AC Line frequency too high
Invalid calibration step number
*TRG/GET received but was ignored
488.2 I/O deadlock
488.2 interrupted query
488.2 query after indefinite response
488.2 unterminated command
A fatal error occurred configuring the serial port
A fatal error occurred opening the serial port
AC Line frequency too low
Acknowledgement queue full
ACPOLE: all CAPDAC settings are too high
ACPOLE: all CAPDAC settings are too low
ACPOLE: no CAPDAC setting is close enough
Bad CRC
Bad keyword
Bad parameter value
Cal reference value out of tolerance
Cal secured
CAL? only works if you are calibrating
Calibration Aborted
Calibration measurements out of tolerance
Calibration steps out of sequence
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
B-2
CALibration:DATE not supported for the 8846A
Can't get 1V/10V DC linearization constants
CCO constant name is bad
Character string was more than 12 characters
Command not allowed in local
Command only allowed in RS-232/Ethernet
Could not open guard crossing port
Could not open measurement file on USB device
Could not open the ethernet port
Could not save configuration
Could not save MAC address
Could not save network configuration
Data stale
Error occurred reading characters from Ethernet port
Error occurred reading characters from GPIB controller
Error occurred sending characters to the GPIB controller
Error occurred when purging memory
Error opening GPIB Controller
Error setting GPIB Primary Address
Error setting the RTC/System date
Error setting the RTC/System time
Ethernet port not available in Fluke 45 emulation mode
Function/2nd func mismatch
Function/math mismatch
Function/range mismatch
Generic Execution Error
Got out of sequence packet
GPIB Command byte transfer error
GPIB DOS Error
GPIB File System Error
GPIB I/O operation aborted (time-out)
GPIB Interface Board has not been addressed properly
GPIB Invalid argument
GPIB No capability for operation
GPIB No present listening devices
GPIB Non-existent GPIB board
GPIB Routine not allowed during asynchronous I/O operation
GPIB Serial poll status byte lost
GPIB Specified GPIB Interface Board is Not Active Controller
GPIB Specified GPIB Interface Board is not System Controller
GPIB SRQ stuck in ON position
GPIB Table problem
Guard crossing link failed to start
Guard crossing restarted
Illegal Data value was entered
Illegal/Unknown NPLC Selection
Illegal/Unknown TRIGGER Selection
Appendices
Errors B
B-3
Incorrect packet size from inguard
Info packet rec'd; link not active
Inguard Calibration Constant write failed
Inguard not responding (recv)
Inguard not responding (send)
INITiate received but was ignored
Instrument configuration load failed
Instrument configuration store failed
Insufficient memory
Invalid dimensions in a channel list
Invalid parameter
Invalid parameter
Invalid response type from inguard
Invalid secure code
Invalid string data
Invalid suffix in command header
Line too long (greater than 350 characters)
Load reading from file failed
Lost sync with inguard
Math error during calibration
Measurement configuration load failed
Measurement configuration store failed
Measurement data lost
Missing or wrong number of parameters
No entry in list to retrieve
No error
No measurements taken during calibration
Not ACKing my packets
Numeric value is invalid
Numeric value is negative
Numeric value is real
Numeric value overflowed its storage
Overload at input during calibration
Oversize packet rec'd
Parameter is not a boolean type
Parameter is not a character type
Parameter is not a numeric type
Parameter is not an quoted string type
Parameter is not an unquoted string type
Parameter type detection error
Port value is out of range (1024 to 65535)
Present function is invalid for selected command
Quality indicator too low
RS-232 framing/parity/overrun error detected
Secondary function is not enabled
Secure code too long
Self Test Failed
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
B-4
Serial buffer full
Someone forgot to call begin (cal)
Someone forgot to call begin (ICONF)
Someone forgot to call begin (MCONF)
Store reading to file failed
String size is beyond limit
Suffix Error. Wrong units for parameter
Syntax error
Time out while taking data
Timeout error during calibration
Timeout occurred while opening the ethernet port
Too many dimensions to be returned
Too many errors
Tried to set invalid state
Tried to set invalid state
Trigger Deadlock
Trigger ignored (just like 34401)
Unable to access storage memory
Unknown ACK byte
Unknown Calibration Constant
Unknown control byte
Unknown error %d
Unknown Function Selection
Unknown Range Selection
Unmatched bracket
Wizard password is invalid
Wrong ACK number
Wrong number configuration acknowledgement
Wrong type of parameter(s)
C-1
Appendix C
RS-232 Port Connections
Introduction
Table C-1 lists the pins and related signals available through the RS-232 port.
Table C-1. RS-232 Pin to Signal List
Pin Name Usage
1 DCD Not used
2 RX Receive data
3 TX Transmit data
4 DTR Not used
5 GND Signal ground
6 DSR Not used
7 RTS Request to send
8 CTS Clear to send
9 RI Not used
The Meter’s RS-232 control lines can be rewired to an alternate pairing instead of the
RTS/CTS control pair. This alteration should be done by a trained technician at Fluke
service center. Opening the cover of the Meter to make this alteration may void the
Meter’s warranty.
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
C-2
D-1
Appendix D
Analog Filter Applications
Introduction
The Meter’s analog filter is intended to reduce the presence of external ac when making
dc measurements. Most applications do not require the use of this filter, but in some
situations it can be utilized to improve DC measurements. A good example of this is
using the filter when measuring the DC value of a signal with AC content, such as a DC
power supply voltage that has significant AC line ripple present.
The analog filter is not intended to reduce the internal noise within the DMM, and usually
has no affect in reducing noise when measuring an open circuit in DCI, measuring a short
circuit in DCV or Resistance, or measuring the output of a precision DC calibrator. In
fact, the analog filter may actually add to the noise in these situations, and often times
offsets the reading. Because of the latter phenomena, when the analog filter is used, the
DMM must first be Zeroed in the range, NPLC setting, and triggering approach used. If
your application makes it difficult to first ZERO the instrument, the offset can be
characterized, and the typical errors are shown in Tables D-1 through D-3 can be used.
For those ranges and NPLCs not shown, there are usually no additional errors associated
with using the analog filter.
Table D-1. DC Volts Analog Filter Errors
Range NPLC Additional Analog Filter Error
1, 10 1.5 μV
0.2 12 μV
100 mVdc
0.02 40 μV
10, 100 0.0002 V 100 Vdc
<10 0.001 V
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
D-2
Table D-2. Ohms Analog Filter Errors
Range NPLC Additional Analog Filter Error
10, 100 0.5 mΩ
10 Ω
<10 1.9 mΩ
10, 100 1.5 mΩ
100 Ω
<10 9.0 mΩ
10, 100 0.6 Ω
100 kΩ
<10 2.5 Ω
Table D-3. DC Current Analog Filter Errors
Range NPLC Additional Analog Filter Error
100 μA, 10 mA, 1 A 100 0.005 % of range
10 0.015 % of range
1 0.027 % of range
0.2 0.09 % of range
0.02 0.27 % of range
1 mA, 100 mA, 10 A [1] 10 0.001 % of range
1 0.0025 % of range
0.2 0.009 % of range
0.02 0.026 % of range
[1] 3 A range uses the 10 A range errors.
1
Index
—A—
AC Voltage
Measurements, 4-5
Analyze functions
Histogram, 3-15
Math
Limits testing, 3-12
MX+B, 3-13
Offset, 3-13
Statistics, 3-11
TrendPlot, 3-14
—B—
Bail
adjustment of, 2-8
removal of, 2-8
—C—
Calibration date
checking of, 3-25
Capacitance measurements, 4-13
Cleaning the Meter, 2-9
Clock
setting date and time, 3-24
Configurations
recalling, 3-22
storing, 3-20
Configure for Measurements, 3-8
Continuity
Setting of threshold, 3-10
Testing for, 4-15
Current measurments
AC, 4-12
DC, 4-11
—D—
Date, setting of, 3-24
DC Voltage
Measurements, 4-4
Defaults, resetting of, 3-27
Diode Test
checking of, 4-16
setting compliance voltage, 3-10
setting of current, 3-10
Display
Brightness, setting of, 3-24
Panel elements, 3-5
Resolution, Setting of, 3-9
—E—
Equipment rack mounting, 2-8
Errors
List of, B-1
Reading, 3-23
—F—
Filter
AC, 3-9
DC
DC Current, 4-12
DC Voltage, 4-4, 4-8, 4-10, 4-12
Resistance, 4-8
Firmware
checking revision, 3-24
Fluke
contacting of, 2-3
Frequency meausrements, 4-7
Front Panel, 3-4
Front Panel Navigation, 3-8
Function modifiers, 4-3
Fuses
Current input, 2-5
Line-Power, 2-4
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
2
—H—
Historgram, 3-15
—I—
Input Impedance, Automatic, 3-10
Inspecting Meter, 2-3
—K—
Keys
Range, 3-8
Soft, 3-4
Soft, labels for, 3-6
—L—
Limits Testing
setting of limits, 3-12
Using, 3-12
Line Voltage Selection, 2-4
—M—
Manual set, 1-3
Math functions
Limits testing, 3-12
MX+B, 3-13
Offset, 3-13
Math Operations, 3-11
Measurement Complete
Monitoring of, 4-18
Understanding of, 3-18
Measurements
AC current, 4-12
AC Voltage, 4-5
Capacitance, 4-13
Current, 4-10
DC current, 4-11
DC Voltage, 4-4
Frequency, 4-7
Period, 4-7
Resistance, 4-7
2-wire, 4-8
4-wire, 4-8
Temperature, 4-14
Voltage, 4-4
Memory
Configuration
Recall, 3-22
Storing, 3-20
management of, 3-22
Reading recall, 3-20
Reading storage, 3-18
Memory, Access to, 3-18
Meter errors
Reading, 3-23
MX+B function, 3-13
—O—
Offset, setting of, 3-13
Options and Accessories, 1-7
—P—
Period measurements, 4-7
Product Description, 1-3
—R—
Range Key, 3-8
Readings
recalling, 3-20
storing, 3-18
Rear panel, 3-7
Recalling configurations, 3-22
Recalling readings, 3-20
Resistance measurements
2-wire, 4-8
4-wire, 4-8
Resistance Measurements, 4-7
RTD Temperature measurements, 4-14
—S—
Safety Information, 1-4
Secondary display
activation of, 4-3
Shipping Meter, 2-3
Specifications, 1-9
Statistics
taking of, 3-11
Storing configurations, 3-20
Storing Meter, 2-3
Storing readings, 3-18
Symbols, 1-6
—T—
Temperature
setting default scale, 3-10
Temperature measurements, 4-14
Time, setting of, 3-24
TrendPlot, 3-14
Trigger functions, 3-16
Trigger sources, 3-16
Triggering
Auto, 3-17
Choosing a source, 3-16
External, 3-17
I/O jack, 4-18
setting a delay, 4-17
Setting a delay, 3-17
Setting number of samples, 3-18
Setting the mode, 4-17
Triggered Measurement, 4-17
Turning power on, 2-8
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
4
8845A/8846A
Users Manual
2
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