EVALUATION KIT AVAILABLE MAX21105 Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU General Description Benefits and Features The MAX21105 is a monolithic 3-axis gyroscopes plus 3-axis accelerometer inertial measurement units (IMU) that provide unprecedented accuracy and stability over temperature and time. Accurate and Stable Performance Over Temperature for Platform Stabilization * Low and Linear Zero-Rate Level Error Drift Over Temperature (0.025dps/C typ) * Low Bias Instability (4/hour) * 16-Bit Output Temperature Sensor The MAX21105 is the industry's most accurate 6 DoF inertial measurement units capable of working with a supply voltage as low as 1.71V designed to serve applications such as drone/helicopter toys, handsets and tablets, game controllers, motion remote controls, and other consumer devices. Low-Power Operation Extends Battery Life * 3.8mA Low-Noise Mode Gyroscope + Accelerometer Current Consumption * 2.2mA Low-Power Mode Gyroscope + Low-Noise Mode Accelerometer Current Consumption * Power-Down Mode Current 1.5A In particular, the MAX21105 features low gyroscope zero-rate level error (GZRLE), low and linear gyroscope zero-rate level drift over temperature (GZRLDT) and low gyroscope phase delay (GPD) that makes the MAX21105 ideally suited for both flight and camera platforms stabilization on drone applications. Compact Package Reduces Board Space and Enhances Device Reliability * 3mm x 3mm x 0.83mm 16L LGA * High Shock Survivability (10,000 g Shock Tolerant) * -40C to +85C Extended Operating Temperature A large 512-byte FIFO extends the time during which the application processor can stay in a power-saving state. Applications The MAX21105 is available in a 3mm x 3mm x 0.83mm package 16-lead plastic land grid array (LGA) package and can operate within a temperature range of -40C to +85C. Platform Stabilization Motion Control with HMI (Human-Machine Interface) Motion-Enabled Portable Gaming GPS Navigation Inertial Navigation Systems Handsets and Tablets Recommended Application Schematics VDD I2C MODE VDDIO N.C. N.C. SCL_CLK GND 15 14 13 + 2 12 3 MAX21105 10 5 9 SDA_SDI_O 6 7 8 Ordering Information appears and Recommended Application Schematics continued at end of data sheet. 19-7458; Rev 0; 12/14 11 4 CS C1 16 1 SA0_SDO VDDIO VDD N.C. N.C. C1 VDDIO REGD RSV1 C2 INT1 RSV0 INT1 INT2 INT2 VDDIO RPU SA0 RPU SCL SDA MAIN APPLICATION PROCESSOR MAX21105 Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU Functional Diagram CLOCKING GYRO SENSE DSP MAX21105 A GYRO RAW DATA RSV0 SCL_CLK SDA_SDI_O ADC SPI/I2C SLAVE DAC A A ACCELERO SENSE DSP ADC BIAS AND LDOs REGD www.maximintegrated.com RSV1 GYRO DRIVE CONTROL ADC A CS REGISTERS AND FIFO A+G MEMS SA0_SDO VDD ACCELERO RAW DATA INT2 INTERRUPTS OTP GND INT1 TEMPERATURE SENSOR VDDIO Maxim Integrated 2 MAX21105 Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU Absolute Maximum Ratings VDD........................................................................-0.3V to +6.0V VDDIO....................................................................-0.3V to +6.0V REGD....................................... -0.3V to min (VDD + 0.3V,+2.2V) INT1, INT2, SDA_SDI_O, SA0_SDO, SCL_CLK, CS, RSV0, RSV1................-0.3V to min (VDDIO + 0.3V, 6.0V) Operating Temperature Range............................ -40C to +85C Junction Temperature.......................................................+150C Storage Temperature Range............................. -40C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................. +260C Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Drops onto hard surfaces can cause shocks of greater than 10,000g and can exceed the absolute maximum rating of the device. Exercise care in handling to avoid damage. Package Thermal Characteristics (Note 1) LGA Junction-to-Case Thermal Resistance (JC).............31.8C/W Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance (JA).........160C/W Note 1: Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a four-layer board. For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to www.maximintegrated.com/thermal-tutorial. Electrical Characteristics (VDD = VDDIO = 1.8V, TA = -40C to +85C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) (Note 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS VDD 1.71 1.8 3.6 V VDDIO 1.71 1.8 VDD + 0.3 V OPERATING CONDITIONS VDD Supply VDDIO (Note 3) CURRENT CONSUMPTION IDD--Current Consumption G Only Low-Power Mode (Note 4) IDDGE TA = +25C, fGODR = 100Hz 1.9 2.3 mA IDD--Current Consumption G Low-Power + A Low-Noise Mode (Note 4) IDDGEA TA = +25C, fGODR = 100Hz 2.2 2.6 mA IDD--Current Consumption G Only Low-Noise Mode IDDG TA = +25C 3.6 4.2 mA IDD--Current Consumption G + A Low-Noise Mode IDDGA TA = +25C 3.8 4.5 mA IDD--Current Consumption G Standby Mode IDDGSB TA = +25C 1.7 2.1 mA IDD--Current Consumption A Only, Low-Power Mode (Note 5) IDDAE fAODR = 100Hz, 8 averages, TA = +25C 80 115 fAODR = 25Hz, 8 averages, TA = +25C 20 33 IDD--Current Consumption A Low-Noise Mode IDDAN TA = +25C 575 675 A IDD--Current Consumption Power Down IDDPD TA = +25C 1.5 10 A www.maximintegrated.com A Maxim Integrated 3 MAX21105 Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU Mechanical Characteristics (Note 2) (VDD = VDDIO = 1.8V, TA = -40C to +85C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) (Note 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS GYROSCOPE 250 Full-Scale Range GFSR 500 User selectable dps 1000 2000 Rate Noise Density (Note 6) RMS Noise Sensitivity Sensitivity Error GRND Low-noise mode, TA = +25C 0.009 GRMS Low-noise mode, fGODR = 2000Hz, fGBWL = 32Hz 0.06 GRMSE Low-power mode, fGODR = 100Hz 0.22 GFSR = 250 120 GFSR = 500 60 GFSR = 1000 30 GFSR = 2000 15 GS GSE Sensitivity Drift Over Temperature (Note 6) GSDT Zero Rate Level Error GZRLE Zero Rate Level Drift Over Temperature (Note 6) Angular Random Walk TA = +25C TA = +25C GZRLDT 0.025 dps/ Hz dps rms digit/ dps -2.5 +2.5 % -0.05 +0.05 %/C -6 +6 dps -0.15 +0.15 dps/C GARW 0.45 deg/hr Bias Stability GBS 4 deg/hr Nonlinearity GNL Cross Axis GCA Linear Acceleration Effect GLAE Startup Time from Power Down GSTPD Startup Time from Standby (Note 7) GSTS Output Data Rate GODR ODR Accuracy www.maximintegrated.com GODRA GFSR = 2000 0.1 %FS Absolute, TA = +25C (Note 6) -5 1 +5 Relative to the accelerometer reference system, TA = +25C -3 1 +3 1g static applied, TA = +25C 0.05 25 GODR = 8kHz, GBWL = 400Hz dps/g 45 4 ms ms User selectable, low-noise mode 5 8000 User selectable, low-power mode 5 200 -10 +10 TA = +25C % Hz % Maxim Integrated 4 MAX21105 Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU Mechanical Characteristics (continued) (Note 2) (VDD = VDDIO = 1.8V, TA = -40C to +85C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) (Note 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS Lowpass Bandwidth (Note 8) GBWL 2 2000 Hz Highpass Bandwidth (Note 9) GBWH 0.1 100 Hz Phase Delay at 10Hz GPD Self-Test Output Shift GSTO GODR = 8kHz GBWL = 2kHz 1.78 deg X, Z axis, TA = +25C +8 +50 Y axis, TA = +25C -50 -8 %FS ACCELEROMETER 2 Full-Scale Range AFSR 4 User selectable g 8 16 Noise Density (Note 6) AND ARMS RMS Noise ARMSE Sensitivity AS Low-noise mode, AFSR = 2g, TA = +25C 100 Low-noise mode, AODR = 2000Hz, ABWL = AODR/3, AFSR = 2g 2.6 Low-power mode, AODR = 100Hz, ABWL = AODR/3, AFSR = 2g, 8 averages 2.7 AFS = 2g 15 AFS = 4g 7.5 AFS = 8g 3.75 AFS = 16g Sensitivity Error ASE Sensitivity Drift Over Temperature (Note 6) ASDT Zero G Level Error at Component Level AZGLEC Zero G Level Error at Board Level (Notes 6, 10) Zero G Level Drift Over Temperature (Note 6) AZGLE AZGLDT AFS = 2g, TA = +25C AFSR = 2g 185 g/Hz mg RMS digit/mg 1.875 -2.5 +2.5 % -0.028 +0.028 %/C AFSR = 2g, X, Y axes, TA = +25C -90 +90 AFSR = 2g, Z axis, TA = +25C -120 +120 AFSR = 2g, X, Y axes, TA = +25C -120 +120 AFSR = 2g, Z axis, TA = +25C -180 +180 AFSR = 2g, X, Y, Z axes -2.25 +2.25 mg mg mg/C Nonlinearity ANL AFSR = 2g 0.5 %FS Cross Axis AGCA AFSR = 2g 1 % Output Data Rate AODR ODR Accuracy www.maximintegrated.com AODRA User selectable, low-noise mode 5 2000 User selectable, low-power mode 5 400 -10 +10 TA = +25C Hz % Maxim Integrated 5 MAX21105 Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU Mechanical Characteristics (continued) (Note 2) (VDD = VDDIO = 1.8V, TA = -40C to +85C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) (Note 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL Lowpass Bandwidth (Note 8) ABWL Highpass Bandwidth (Note 9) ABWH Self-Test Output Shift ASTO CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS Low-noise mode AODR/48 AODR/3 Low-power mode AODR/48 AODR/2 AODR/400 AODR/50 Hz 800 mg TA = +25C 80 Hz TEMPERATURE SENSOR Sensitivity Sensitivity Error Output at +25C Bandwidth TSS 8 bit 1 digit/C 16 bit 256 digit/C 2 % 8 bit 25 16 bit 6400 TSSE TSO TSBW digit 4 Hz Interface Specifications (Note 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS ESD PROTECTION Human Body Model HBM 2000 V Charged Device Model CDM 500 V IOs DC SPECIFICATIONS (Note 6) Input Threshold Low VIL Input Threshold High VIH 0.7 x VDDIO V VHYS 0.05 x VDDIO V Hysteresis of Schmitt Trigger Input Input Leakage Current I2C Internal Pullup Resistance (Note 11) 0.3 x VDDIO V ILK -1 +1 A RI2CPU 4.5 10 k 10 MHz SPI SLAVE TIMING VALUES (Note 12) CLK Frequency fC_CLK CS Setup Time tSU_CS 10 ns CS Hold Time tH_CS 15 ns SDI Input Setup Time tSU_SDI 10 ns SDI Input Hold Time tH_SDI 15 ns CLK Fall to SDO Valid Output Time tV_SDO SDO Output Hold Time tH_SDO www.maximintegrated.com 40 5 ns ns Maxim Integrated 6 MAX21105 Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU Interface Specifications (continued) (Note 2) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS I2C TIMING VALUES (Note 6) SCL Clock Frequency Hold Time (Repeated) START Condition fSCL tHD;STA Low Period of SCL Clock tLOW High Period of SCL Clock tHIGH Setup Time for a Repeated START Condition tSU;STA Data Hold Time tHD;DAT Data Setup Time tSU;DAT Setup Time for STOP Condition tSU;STO Bus Free Time Between a STOP and a START Condition tBUF Data Valid Time tVD;DAT Data Valid Acknowledge Time tVD;ACK Standard mode 100 Fast mode 400 Standard mode 4 Fast mode 0.6 Standard mode 4.7 Fast mode 1.3 Standard mode 4.0 Fast mode 0.6 Standard mode 4.7 Fast mode 0.6 Standard mode 0 Fast mode 0 Standard mode 250 Fast mode 100 Standard mode 4.0 Fast mode 0.6 Standard mode 4.7 Fast mode 1.3 kHz s s s s s ns s s Standard mode 3.45 Fast mode 0.9 Standard mode 3.45 Fast mode 0.9 s s I2C TIMING VALUES (High-Speed Mode, Note 6) SCLH Clock Frequency fSCLH HS mode 3.4 Setup Time for A REPEATED START Condition tSU;STA HS mode 160 ns Hold Time (Repeated) START Condition tHD;STA HS mode 160 ns Low Period of SCL Clock tLOW HS mode 160 ns High Period of SCL Clock tHIGH HS mode 100 ns Data Setup Time tSU;DAT HS mode 10 ns Data Hold Time tHD;DAT HS mode 0 Setup Time for STOP Condition tSU;STO HS mode 160 70 MHz ns ns Note 2: Limits are 100% tested at TA = +25C. Limits over the operating temperature range and relevant supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and characterization. Note 3: VDDIO must be lower or equal than VDD supply for normal operation. With VDDIO supplied and VDD not supplied, the I/O pads are in high impedance. www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 7 MAX21105 Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU Note 4: In low-power mode, the gyroscope has higher rate noise density, but lower current consumption. In this condition, the gyro selectable output data rate (ODR) ranges from 5Hz to 200Hz. Note 5: In low-power mode, the accelerometer has higher noise density, but lower current consumption. In this condition, the selectable output data rate (ODR) of the accelerometer ranges from 5Hz to 400Hz. Note 6: Guaranteed by design, not production tested. Note 7: In standby, only the gyro drive circuit is powered on, and in this condition, the outputs are not available. In this condition, the startup time depends only on the filters responses. Note 8: User selectable. Note 9: Enable/disable with user-selectable bandwidth. Note 10: Values after MSL3 preconditioning and 3 reflow cycles. Note 11: Pullup resistances are user selectable. Note 12: 10pF load on SPI lines. Min Max based on characterization results. SPI Timing 4-Wire SPI Mode tSU_CS tCSW CS tH_CS CLK 1 2 8 9 10 tC_CLK tSU_SI SDI tH_SI SDO tV_SDO tH_SO Hi-Z Hi-Z 3-Wire SPI Mode tCSW tSU_CS CS tH_CS CLK 1 8 2 9 10 tC_CLK tSU_SI SDI tH_SI SDO Hi-Z www.maximintegrated.com tV_SDI Hi-Z Maxim Integrated 8 MAX21105 Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU I2C Timing Standard/Fast Mode I2C Bus Timing tR tF SDA tSU;DAT 70% 30% 70% 30% cont. tVD;DAT tHD;DAT tF tHIGH tR SCL tHD;STA 70% 30% 70% 30% 70% 30% cont. tLOW 1/fSCL 1st CLOCK CYCLE S 70% 30% 9th CLOCK tBUF SDA tVD;ACK tHD;STA tSU;STA tSU;STO 70% 30% SCL Sr 9th CLOCK VIL = 0.3VDD VIH = 0.7VDD P S 002aac938 High-Speed Mode I2C Bus Timing I2C HIGH-SPEED DIAGRAM Sr Sr trDA tfDA P SDAH tSU;STA tHD;DAT tSU;STO tSU;DAT tHD;STA SCLH tfCL trCL1 (1) tHIGH tLOW trCL tLOW trCL1 tHIGH (1) = MCS CURRENT SOURCE PULLUP = RP RESISTOR PULLUP (1) FIRST RISING EDGE OF THE SCLH SIGNAL AFTER Sr AND AFTER EACH ACKNOWLEDGE BIT. www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 9 MAX21105 Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU VDDIO 1 N.C. 2 N.C. 3 SCL_CLK GND + VDD N.C. TOP VIEW N.C. Pin Configuration 16 15 14 13 REGD 12 RSV1 11 INT1 4 10 RSV0 5 9 INT2 7 8 CS SDA_SDI_O 6 SA0_SDO MAX21105 LGA Pin Description PIN NAME FUNCTION 1 VDDIO 2, 3, 15, 16 N.C. 4 SCL_CLK 5 GND 6 SDA_SDI_O 7 SA0_SDO 8 CS 9 INT2 Second Interrupt Line 10 RSV0 Reserved. Must be connected to GND. 11 INT1 First Interrupt Line 12 RSV1 Reserved. Must be left unconnected or connected to GND. 13 REGD Internal regulator output 2.2V max. A 100nF capacitor has to be connected to this pin for ensuring proper device operation. 14 VDD www.maximintegrated.com Interface and Interrupt Pad Supply Voltage Not Connected Internally SPI and I2C Slave Clock. When in I2C mode, the IO has selectable antispike filter and delay to ensure correct hold time. Power-Supply Ground. SPI In/Out Pin and I2C Slave Serial Data. When in I2C mode, the IO has selectable antispike filter and delay to ensure correct hold time. SPI Serial Data Out and I2C Slave Address LSB SPI Chip Select/Serial Interface Selection Analog Power Supply. Bypass to GND with a 0.1F capacitor. Maxim Integrated 10 MAX21105 Detailed Description The MAX21105 is a low-power, low voltage, small package 6-axis inertial measurement unit that provides unprecedented accuracy and stability over temperature and time. The MAX21105 integrates a 3-axis gyroscope and 3-axis linear accelerometer in a 3mm x 3mm x 0.83mm package capable of working with a supply voltage as low as 1.71V. They include a sensing element and an IC interface capable of providing the measured angular rate and acceleration to the external world through a digital interface (I2C/SPI). The MAX21105 sensor data can be stored into a 512byte, fully configurable, embedded FIFO. The MAX21105 features a wide selection of dynamically selectable power modes that allow the user to optimize the system power consumption based on the application needs. The MAX21105 has a full scale of 250/500/1000/2000 dps for gyroscope and 2/4/8/16g for accelerometer. It is capable of measuring angular rates and accelerations with a user-selectable bandwidth. The MAX21105 is available in a 3mm x 3mm x 0.83mm 16-lead plastic land grid array (LGA) package and operate over the -40C to +85C temperature range. Definitions Power supply [V]: This parameter defines the operating DC power-supply voltage range of the 6DoF inertial measurement unit. Although it is always a good practice to keep VDD clean with minimum ripple, unlike most of the competitors, who require an ultra-low noise, low-dropout regulator to power the device, the MAX21105 can operate at 1.71V, but that supply can also be provided by a switching regulator to minimize the system power consumption. Current consumption in low-noise mode [mA]: This parameter defines the typical current consumption when the 6DoF inertial measurement unit is operating with the lowest noise for both the accelerometer and gyroscope. Current consumption in low-power mode [mA]: This parameter defines the current consumption when the 6DoF inertial measurement unit is in low-power mode. Whilst in low-power mode, the MAX21105 significantly reduces power consumption, but increase noise. Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU 6DoF inertial measurement unit is powered down. In this mode, both the mechanical sensing structure and reading chain are turned off. Users can configure the control register through the I2C/SPI interface for this mode. Full access to the control registers through the I2C/SPI interfaces is also guaranteed in power-down mode. Gyroscope full-scale range [dps]: This parameter defines the measurement range of the gyroscope in degrees per second (dps). When the applied angular rate is beyond the full-scale range, the gyroscope output becomes saturated. Zero-rate level [dps]: This parameter defines the DC device output when there is no external angular rate applied to the gyroscope. Gyroscope sensitivity [digit/dps]: Sensitivity is the relationship between 1 LSb and dps. It can be used to convert a digital gyroscope's measurement from digits to angular rate. Zero-rate level change vs. temperature [dps/C]: This parameter defines the zero-rate level change in dps/C over the operating temperature range. Gyroscope sensitivity change vs. temperature [%/C]: This parameter defines the gyroscope sensitivity change as a percentage (%) over the operating temperature range specified in the data sheet. Gyroscope nonlinearity [% FS]: This parameter defines the maximum absolute difference between the gyroscope output and the best-fit straight line as a percentage of the gyroscope full-scale (GFS) range. Gyroscope bandwidth [Hz]: This parameter defines the frequency of the angular rate signal from DC to the builtin bandwidth (GBWL) that the gyroscope can measure. A dedicated register can be used to select the gyroscope bandwidth. Rate noise density [dps/Hz]: This parameter defines the square root of the equivalent noise power density of the gyroscope angular rate. Accelerometer full-scale range [g]: This parameter defines the measurement range of the accelerometer in g. When the applied acceleration is beyond the full-scale range, the accelerometer output becomes saturated. Zero-g level [mg]: This parameter defines the DC device output when there is no external acceleration applied to the accelerometer. Current consumption in power-down mode [A]: This parameter defines the current consumption when the www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 11 MAX21105 Accelerometer sensitivity [digit/g]: Sensitivity is the relationship between LSb and g. It can be used to convert a digital acceleration measurement from digits to g. Zero-g level change vs. Temperature [mg/C]: This parameter defines the zero-g level change in mg/C over the operating temperature range. Accelerometer Sensitivity change vs. temperature [%/C]: This parameter defines the accelerometer sensitivity change as a percentage (%) over the operating temperature range specified in the data sheet. Accelerometer nonlinearity [% FS]: This parameter defines the maximum absolute difference between the accelerometer output and the best-fit straight line as a percentage of the full-scale (FS) range. Accelerometer bandwidth [Hz]: This parameter defines the frequency of the acceleration signal from DC to the built-in bandwidth (ABWL) that the accelerometer can measure. A dedicated register can be used to select the accelerometer bandwidth. Accelerometer noise density [g/Hz]: This parameter defines the square root of the equivalent noise power density of accelerometer linear acceleration. MAX21105 Architecture The MAX21105 comprises the following key blocks and functions: 3-axis MEMS gyroscope sensor with 16-bit ADCs and signal conditioning 3-axis MEMS accelerometer sensor with 16-bit ADCs and signal conditioning Slave I2C and SPI serial communications interfaces Interrupt generators Digital output temperature sensor Power management enabling different power modes Sensor data registers FIFO Self-test functionality Three-Axis MEMS Gyroscope with 16-Bit ADCs and Signal Conditioning The MAX21105 includes a MEMS gyroscope that detects angular rates around the X, Y, and Z axes through the related IC interface. When the gyroscope rotates around www.maximintegrated.com Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU any of the sensing axes, the Coriolis Force determines a displacement in the MEMS structure, which is detected as a capacitive variation. The resulting signal is then processed by the 16-bit ADC to produce a digital output proportional to the angular rate. The gyro full-scale range can be digitally programmed at 250, 500, 1000 or 2000 dps. Three-Axis MEMS Accelerometer Sensor with 16-Bit ADCs and Signal Conditioning The MAX21105 includes a MEMS accelerometer that detects linear accelerations along the X, Y, and Z axes. The acceleration applied to one of the sensing axes causes a displacement of the MEMS structure which is detected as a capacitive variation. The signal is then converted in the digital domain by 16-bit ADC and is available to the user as a digital output proportional to the applied acceleration. The accelerometer full-scale range can be digitally programmed at 2, 4, 8 or 16 g. Slave I2C and SPI Serial Communications Interfaces The registers embedded inside the MAX21105 can be accessed through both the slave I2C and SPI serial interfaces. The latter can be SW configured to operate either in 3-wire or 4-wire interface mode. The serial interfaces are mapped onto the same pins. To select/exploit the I2C interface, CS line must be tied high (i.e., connected to VDDIO). I2C Interface I2C is a two-wire interface comprised of the signals serial data (SDA) and serial clock (SCL). In general, the lines are open-drain and bidirectional. In a generalized I2C interface implementation, attached devices can be a master or a slave. The master device puts the slave address on the bus, and the slave device with the matching address acknowledges the master. The MAX21105 operates as a slave device when communicating to the system processor, which thus acts as the master. SDA and SCL lines typically need pull-up resistors to VDDIO. The maximum bus speed is 3.4MHz (I2C HS); this reduces the amount of time the system processor is kept busy in supporting the exchange of data. The slave address of the MAX21105 is b101100X, which is 7 bits long. The LSb of the 7-bit address is determined by the logic level on pin SA0. This allows two MAX21105s to be connected on the same I2C bus. Maxim Integrated 12 MAX21105 Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU When used in this configuration, the address of one of the two devices should be b1011000 (pin SA0_SD0 is set to logic low) and the address of the other should be b1011001 (pin SA0_SD0 is set to logic-high). If used as a MS bit, when 1, the address remains unchanged in multiple read/write commands, whilst when 0, the address is autoincremented in multiple read/write commands. SPI Interface Bit 2-7: Address AD(5:0). This is the address field of the indexed register. The MAX21105 SPI can operate up to 10MHz, in both 3-wires (half duplex) and 4-wires mode (full duplex). It is recommended to set the I2C_OFF bit at address 0x16 if the MAX21105 is used together with other SPI devices to avoid the possibility to switch inadvertently into I2C mode when traffic is detected with the CS unasserted. The MAX21105 operates as an SPI slave device.Both the read register and write register commands are completed in 16 clock pulses, or in multiples of 8 in case of multiple read/write bytes. Bit duration is the time between two falling edges of CLK. The first bit (bit 0) starts at the first falling edge of CLK after the falling edge of CS while the last bit (bit 15, bit 23, etc.) starts at the last falling edge of CLK just before the rising edge of CS. Bit 0: RW bit. When 0, the data DI(7:0) is written to the device. When 1, the data DO(7:0) from the device is read. In the latter case, the chip drives SDO at the start of bit 8. Bit 1: MS bit. Depending on the configuration of IF_ PARITY this bit may either be used to operate in multiaddressing standard mode or to check the parity with the register address. Bit 8-15: Data DI(7:0) (write mode). This is the data that is written to the device (MSb first). Bit 8-15: Data DO(7:0) (read mode). This is the data that is read from the device (MSb first). SPI Half- and Full-Duplex Operation The MAX21105 can be programmed to operate in halfduplex (a bidirectional data pin) or full-duplex (one data-in and one data-out pin) mode. The SPI master sets a register bit called SPI_3_WIRE into I2C_CFG (0x16) to 0 for full-duplex, and 1 for half-duplex operation. Full duplex is the power-on default. Full-Duplex Operation The MAX21105 is put into full-duplex mode at power-up. When the SPI master clears the SPI_3_WIRE bit, the SPI interface uses separate data pins, SDI and SDO, to transfer data. Because of the separate data pins, bits can be simultaneously clocked into and out of the MAX21105. The MAX21105 makes use of this feature by clocking out 8 output data bits as the command byte is clocked in. Table 1. Digital Interface Pin Description NAME DESCRIPTION SPI enable and I2C/SPI mode selection (1: I2C mode, 0: SPI enabled) CS SCL/CLK SPI and I2C clock. When in I2C mode, the IO has selectable anti-spike filter and delay to ensure correct hold time. SDA/SDI/SDO SPI in/out pin and I2C serial data. When in I2C mode, the IO has selectable antispike filter and delay to ensure correct hold time. SDO/SA0 SPI serial data out or I2C slave address LSb Table 2. I2C Address I2C BASE ADDRESS SA0/SDO PIN R/W BIT RESULTING ADDRESS 0x2C (6 bit) 0 0 0xB0 0x2C 0 1 0xB1 0x2C 1 0 0xB2 0x2C 1 1 0xB3 www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 13 MAX21105 Reading from the SPI Slave Interface (SDO) Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU Bit 0: WRITE bit. The value is 0. The SPI master reads data from the MAX21105 slave interface using the following steps: Bit 1: MS bit. When 1, do not increment address, when 0, increment address in multiple writing. 1) When CS is high, the MAX21105 is unselected and three-states the SDO output. Bit 2-7: address AD(5:0). This is the address field of the indexed register. 2) After driving SCL_CLK to its inactive state, the SPI master selects the MAX21105 by driving CS low. Bit 8-15: Data DI(7:0) (write mode). This is the data that is written inside the device (MSb first). 3) The SPI master clocks the command byte into the MAX21105. The SPI read command is performed with 16 clock pulses. Multiple byte read command is performed adding blocks of 8 clock pulses at the previous one. Bit 16-... : data DI(...-8). Further data in multiple byte writing. Bit 0: READ bit. The value is 1. Bit 1: MS bit. When 1, do not increment address, when 0, increment address in multiple reading. Bit 2-7: Address AD(5:0). This is the address field of the indexed register. Bit 8-15: Data DO(7:0) (read mode). This is the data that is read from the device (MSb first). Bit 16-... : Data DO(...-8). Further data in multiple byte reading. After 16 clock cycles, the master can drive CS high to deselect the MAX21105, causing it to threestate its SDO output. The falling edge of the clock puts the MSB of the next data byte in the sequence on the SDO output. 4) By keeping CS low, the master clocks register data bytes out of the MAX21105 by continuing to supply SCL_CLK pulses (burst mode). The master terminates the transfer by driving CS high. The master must ensure that SCL_CLK is in its inactive state at the beginning of the next access (when it drives CS low). Writing to the SPI Slave Interface (SDI) The SPI master writes data to the MAX21105 slave interface through the following steps: 1) The SPI master sets the clock to its inactive state. While CS is high, the master can drive the SDI input. 2) The SPI master selects the MAX21105 by driving CS low 3) The SPI master clocks the command byte into the MAX21105. The SPI write command is performed with 16 clock pulses. Multiple byte write command is performed adding blocks of 8 clock pulses at the previous one. www.maximintegrated.com 4) By keeping CS low, the master clocks data bytes into the MAX21105 by continuing to supply SCL_CLK pulses (burst mode). The master terminates the transfer by driving CS high. The master must ensure that SCL_CLK is inactive at the beginning of the next access (when it drives CS low). Half-Duplex Operation When the SPI master sets SPI_3_WIRE = 1, the MAX21105 is put into half-duplex mode. In half-duplex mode, the MAX21105 three-states its SDO pin and makes the SDI pin bidirectional, saving a pin in the SPI interface. The SDO pin can be left unconnected in half-duplex operation. The SPI master accesses a MAX21105 register as follows: the SPI master sets the clock to its inactive state. While CS is high, the master can drive the SDI pin to any value. 1) The SPI master selects the MAX21105 by driving CS low and placing the first data bit (MSB) to write on the SDI input. 2) The SPI master turns on its output driver and clocks the command byte into the MAX21105. The SPI read command is performed with 16 clock pulses: Bit 0: READ bit. The value is 1. Bit 1: MS bit. When 1, do not increment address, when 0, increment address in multiple reading. Bit 2-7: address AD(5:0). This is the address field of the indexed register. Bit 8-15: data DO(7:0) (read mode). This is the data that is read from the device (MSb first). Multiple read command is also available in 3-wire mode. Maxim Integrated 14 MAX21105 Interrupt Generators Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU Gyro Low-Power Mode The MAX21105 offers two completely independent interrupt generators, to ease the SW management of the interrupt generated. For instance, one line could be used to signal a DATA_READY event whilst the other line might be used, for instance, to notify the completion of the internal start-up sequence. In this power mode, only the gyro is switched on and it is operating in low-power mode. The low-power mode allows to reduce power consumption with the same sensor accuracy at the price of a higher rate noise density. Interrupt functionality can be configured through the Interrupt Configuration registers. Configurable items include the INT pin level and duration, the clearing method as well as the required triggers for the interrupts. Gyro Standby Mode The interrupt status can be read from the Interrupt Status registers. The event that has generated an interrupt is available in both forms: latched and unlatched. Interrupt sources may be enabled/ disabled and cleared individually. The list of possible interrupt sources includes the following conditions: DATA_READY, FIFO_ EMPTY, FIFO_THRESHOLD, FIFO_OVERRUN, OTP_ DOWNLOAD. The interrupt generation can also be configured as latched, unlatched or timed, with programmable length. When configured as latched, the interrupt can be cleared by reading the corresponding status register (clear-onread) or by writing an appropriate mask to the status register (clear-on-write). This unique MAX21105 features can be activated for the gyro with different ODR from 5Hz to 200Hz. To reduce power consumption and have a shorter turnon time, the IC features a standby mode for the gyro. In standby mode, the MAX21105 gyro does not generate data because a significant portion of the signal processing resources is turned off to save power. Still, this mode enables a much quicker turn-on time. Acc Low-Noise Mode In acc low-noise mode, only the accelerometer is switched on. It is operational with minimum noise level. Acc Low-Power Mode In this power mode, only the accelerometer is switched on, and it is operating in low-power mode. The low-power mode allows to reduce power consumption with the same sensor accuracy at the price of a higher accelerometer noise density. This feature can be activated for accelerometer with different ODR from 5Hz to 400Hz. Digital-Output Temperature Sensor Power-Down Mode The temperature data is split over 2 bytes. For faster and less accurate reading, accessing the MSB allows to read the temperature data as an absolute value expressed in Celsius degrees. By reading the LSB, the accuracy is greatly increased, up to 256 digit/C. Sensor Data Output Registers An digital output temperature sensor is used to measure the MAX21105 die temperature. The readings from the ADC can be accessed from the Sensor Data registers. In Power-Down Mode, the IC is configured to minimize the power consumption. In Power-Down Mode, registers can still be read and written, but neither sensor can generate new data. Compared to Standby Mode, it takes longer to activate the IC and start collecting data from the sensors. The sensor data registers contain the latest gyroscope, accelerometer, and temperature measurement data. Power Modes They are read-only registers and are accessed through the serial interface. Data from these registers can be read at anytime. However, the interrupt function can be used to determine when new data is available. The transition between different power modes can be controlled with the software by explicitly setting a power mode in the Configuration register. FIFO The MAX21105 features nine power modes, allowing selecting the appropriate tradeoff between power consumption, noise level, accuracy and turn-on time. Gyro Low-Noise Mode In gyro low-noise mode, only the gyro is switched on and it is operational with minimum noise level. www.maximintegrated.com The MAX21105 embeds a 512-byte data FIFO. The user can flexibly select the set of axis data to be stored in FIFO.This allows a power saving at system level as the host processor does not need to continuously poll data from the sensor, but it can wake up only when needed and burst the significant data out from the FIFO. Maxim Integrated 15 MAX21105 The FIFO buffer can work according to four main modes: off, normal, interrupt, and snapshot. When configured in snapshot mode, it offers the ideal mechanism to capture the data following an external interrupt event. Both normal and interrupt modes can be optionally configured to operate in overrun mode, depending on whether, in case of buffer underrun, newer or older data are accepted to be lost. Various FIFO status flags can be enabled to generate interrupt events on INT1/INT2 pin. FIFO Off Mode In this mode, the FIFO is turned off; data are stored only in the data registers and no data are available from the FIFO if read. When the FIFO is turned off, there are essentially two options to use the device: synchronous and asynchronous reading through the data registers. Synchronous Reading In this mode, the processor reads the data set (e.g., 6 bytes for a 3 axes configuration) generated by the MAX21105 every time that DATA_READY is set. The processor must read once and only once the data set in order to avoid data inconsistencies. Benefits of using this approach include the perfect reconstruction of the signals coming the MAX21105 with the minimum data traffic. www.maximintegrated.com Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU Asynchronous Reading In this mode, the processor reads the data generated by the MAX21105, regardless the status of the DATA_READY flag. To minimize the error caused by different samples being read a different number of times, the access frequency to be used must be much higher than the selected ODR. This approach normally requires a much higher BW. FIFO Normal Mode Overrun = false FIFO is turned on. FIFO is filled with the data at the selected output data rate (ODR). When FIFO is full, an interrupt can be generated. When FIFO is full, all the new incoming data is discharged. Reading only a subset of the data already stored into the FIFO keeps locked the possibility for new data to be written. Only if all the data are read, the FIFO restarts saving data. If communication speed is high, data loss can be prevented. To prevent a FIFO-full condition, the required condition is to complete the reading of the data set before the next DATA_READY occurs. If this condition is not guaranteed, data can be lost. Maxim Integrated 16 MAX21105 Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU Overrun = true Overrun = true FIFO is turned on. FIFO is initially disabled. Data are stored only in the data registers. FIFO is filled with the data at the selected ODR. When FIFO is full, an interrupt can be generated. When FIFO is full, the oldest data is overwritten with the new ones. If communication speed is high, data integrity can be preserved. In order to prevent a FIFO_WR_FULL condition, the required condition is to complete the reading of the data set before the next DATA_READY occurs. If this condition is not guaranteed, data can be overwritten. Interrupt Mode Overrun = false FIFO is initially disabled. Data are stored only in the data registers. When an interrupt (either INT_OR or INT_AND) is generated, the FIFO is turned on automatically. It stores the data at the selected ODR. When FIFO is full, all the new incoming data is discharged. Reading only a subset of the data already stored into the FIFO keeps locked the possibility for new data to be written. Only if all the data are read the FIFO restarts saving data when a new event is generated. Table 3. Power Modes NAME When an interrupt (either INT_OR or INT_AND) is generated, the FIFO is turned on automatically. It stores the data at the selected ODR. When FIFO is full, an interrupt can be generated. When FIFO is full, the oldest data is overwritten with the new ones. If communication speed is high, data integrity can be preserved. In order to prevent a FIFO_WR_FULL condition, the required condition is to complete the reading of the data set before the next DATA_READY occurs. If this condition is not guaranteed, data can be overwritten. Snapshot Mode FIFO is initially in normal mode with overrun enabled. When an interrupt (either INT_OR or INT_AND) is generated, the FIFO switches automatically to notoverrun mode, and data stops being saved in the FIFO, regardless whether the FIFO is full or not. When FIFO is full, an interrupt can be generated. When FIFO is full, all the new incoming data is discharged. Reading only a subset of the data already stored into the FIFO keeps locked the possibility for new data to be written. Only if all the data are read the FIFO restarts saving data in overrun mode. DESCRIPTION Gyro Low Noise Only gyroscope is switched on and it is operational with maximum performances. Gyro Low Power Only gyroscope is switched on and operates to reduce the average current consumption. Gyro Standby The gyroscope is in standby mode, the current consumption is reduced by 50%, with a shorter turn-on time. Acc Low Noise Only accelerometer is switched on and it is operational with maximum performances. Acc Low Power Only accelerometer is switched on and operates to reduce the average current consumption. Gyro Low-Noise Mode + Acc Low-Noise Mode Gyro Low-Power + Acc Low-Noise Mode Gyro Standby + Acc Low-Noise Mode Power-Down www.maximintegrated.com Acc and gyro are both switched on in low-noise mode. Acc is in low-noise mode, while the gyro is low-power mode. Acc is in low-noise mode, while the gyro is standby mode. This is the minimum power consumption mode, at the price of a longer turn-on time. Maxim Integrated 17 MAX21105 Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU Self-Test outputs are within the specified self-test values in the data sheet, then the gyroscope is working properly. Gyroscope This gyroscope embedded self-test feature can be used to verify if the gyroscope is working properly without physically rotating the device. That may be used either before or after it is assembled on a PCB. If the gyroscope's MAX Accelerometer The accelerometer embedded self-test feature is used to verify the sensor functionality without physically moving the device. When this feature is enabled, an electrostatic test force is applied to the mechanical sensing element MAX MAX (WP-RP) = LEVEL (WP-RP) = LEVEL (WP-RP) = LEVEL THRESHOLD THRESHOLD THRESHOLD 0 0 LEVEL INCREMENTS WITH NEW SAMPLES STORED AND DECREMENTS WITH NEW READINGS. 0 FIFO_FULL INTERRUPT GENERATED. NO NEW DATA STORED UNTIL THE ENTIRE FIFO IS READ. FIFO_TH INTERRUPT GENERATED. Figure 1. FIFO Normal mode, Overrun = False FIFO USED AS CIRCULAR BUFFER FIFO USED AS CIRCULAR BUFFER WP FIFO USED AS CIRCULAR BUFFER THRESHOLD RP WP THRESHOLD THRESHOLD RP WP RP WP-RP INCREMENTS WITH NEW SAMPLES STORED AND DECREMENTS WITH NEW READINGS. FIFO_TH INTERRUPT GENERATED. FIFO_FULL INTERRUPT GENERATED. NEW INCOMING DATA WOULD OVERWRITE THE OLDER ONES. Figure 2. FIFO Normal Mode, Overrun = True www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 18 MAX21105 Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU and causes the moving part to move away from its original position, emulating a definite input acceleration. In this case the sensor outputs exhibit a change in their DC levels which is related to the selected full scale through the device sensitivity. The output in this self-test mode is then compared with the output data of the device when the self-test is disabled. If the absolute value of the output difference is within the minimum and maximum range of the preselected full scale range, the accelerometer is working properly. Revision ID The MAX21105 has a register used to identify the revision ID of the device and to identify the specific part number. Even though different part numbers may share the same WHO_AM_I value, they would still be identified by means of different Revision ID values. Unique Serial Number Each MAX21105 device is uniquely identified by 48 bits that can be used to track the history of the sample, including manufacturing, assembly, and testing information. Register File The register file is organized per banks. On the Common Bank are mapped addresses from 0x20 to 0x3F and these registers are always available. It is possible to map on addresses 0x00 to 0x1F three different user banks by properly programming address 0x22. The purpose of this structure is to limit the management of the register map addresses in the 0x00 to 0x3F range even though the number of physical registers is in excess of 64. Refer to the MAX21105 user guide for a complete register map structure. MAX FIFO INITIALLY OFF. WHEN THE PROGRAMMED INTERRUPT OCCURS, TURN FIFO ON. LEVEL 0 MAX MAX MAX (WP-RP) = LEVEL (WP-RP) = LEVEL (WP-RP) = LEVEL 0 THRESHOLD LEVEL INCREMENTS WITH NEW SAMPLES STORED AND DECREMENTS WITH NEW READINGS. THRESHOLD 0 FIFO_TH INTERRUPT GENERATED. THRESHOLD 0 FIFO_FULL INTERRUPT GENERATED. NO NEW DATA STORED UNTIL THE ENTIRE FIFO IS READ. Figure 3. FIFO Interrupt Mode, Overrun = False www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 19 MAX21105 Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU Orientation of Axes Figure 6 and Figure 7 show the orientation of the axes of sensitivity and the polarity of rotation and linear acceleration. Note the pin 1 identifier () in the figure. Soldering Information Application Notes Connect to REGD 100nF ceramic chip capacitor as close as possible to the MAX21105 to minimize parasitic inductance. Depending on the specific application board, an additional bulk decoupling capacitor to VDD and VDDIO might be needed. For best performance, keep separate VDD and VDDIO power supplies. Bypass VDD and VDDIO to the ground plane with 0.1F ceramic chip capacitors on each pin as close as possible to the device to minimize parasitic inductance. MAX FIFO INITIALLY OFF. WHEN THE PROGRAMMED INTERRUPT OCCURS, TURN FIFO ON. LEVEL 0 WP THRESHOLD RP WP THRESHOLD THRESHOLD RP WP = RP WP-RP INCREMENTS WITH NEW SAMPLES STORED AND DECREMENTS WITH NEW READINGS. FIFO_TH INTERRUPT GENERATED. FIFO_FULL INTERRUPT GENERATED. NEW INCOMING DATA WOULD OVERWRITE THE OLDER ONES. Figure 4. FIFO Interrupt Mode, Overrun = True www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 20 MAX21105 Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU FIFO USED AS CIRCULAR BUFFER FIFO USED AS CIRCULAR BUFFER WP FIFO USED AS CIRCULAR BUFFER THRESHOLD RP WP THRESHOLD THRESHOLD RP WP RP INTERRUPT SNAPSHOT CAPTURED MAX MAX MAX (WP-RP) = LEVEL (WP-RP) = LEVEL THRESHOLD (WP-RP) = LEVEL 0 THRESHOLD 0 THRESHOLD 0 Figure 5. FIFO Snapshot Mode Z ACC-Z Y ACC-Y ACC-X X Figure 6. Orientation of Gyro Axes www.maximintegrated.com Figure 7 Orientation of Accelerometer Axes Maxim Integrated 21 MAX21105 Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU Recommended Application Schematics (continued) SPI MODE VDD VDDIO N.C. N.C. SCL_CLK GND 1 15 14 13 + 2 12 3 11 MAX21105 4 10 5 9 SDA_SDI_O 6 REGD RSV1 C2 INT1 RSV0 INT1 INT2 INT2 8 CS CS C1 16 SCLK 7 SA0_SDO VDDIO VDD N.C. N.C. C1 MAIN APPLICATION PROCESSOR MOSI MISO Table 8. Bill of Materials for External Components COMPONENT LABEL SPECIFICATION QUANTITY VDD/VDDIO Bypass Capacitor C1 Ceramic, X7R, 100nF 10%, 4V 2 REGD Capacitor C2 Ceramic, X7R, 100nF 10%, 2V 1 1.1k/10k (min/max) 2 2 RPU Pullup Resistor (I C Mode Only) Ordering Information TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX21105ELE+ PART -40C to +85C 16 LGA MAX21105ELE+T -40C to +85C 16 LGA +Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package. T = Tape and reel. www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 22 MAX21105 Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU Package Information For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note that a "+", "#", or "-" in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE OUTLINE NO. LAND PATTERN NO. 16 LGA L1633MK+3 21-0660 90-0396 www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 23 MAX21105 Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU Package Information (continued) For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note that a "+", "#", or "-" in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 24 MAX21105 Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU Package Information (continued) For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note that a "+", "#", or "-" in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated 25 MAX21105 Low-Power, Ultra-Accurate 6 DoF IMU Revision History REVISION NUMBER REVISION DATE 0 12/14 DESCRIPTION Initial release PAGES CHANGED -- For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim Integrated's website at www.maximintegrated.com. Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits) shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance. Maxim Integrated and the Maxim Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. (c) 2014 Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. 26 Mouser Electronics Authorized Distributor Click to View Pricing, Inventory, Delivery & Lifecycle Information: Maxim Integrated: MAX21105ELE+ MAX21105ELE+T