DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Gleanergy Multi-Source Energy Harvesting Demo Board with Battery Chargers and Life-Extenders for Use with DC2321A Dust Demo Board - No Transducers Description The DC2509A development platform is a versatile energy harvesting demo board that is capable of accepting solar, thermal, and piezoelectric energy sources or any high impedance AC or DC source. The board contains four independent power circuits consisting of the following EH ICs: The board hosts groups of switches, jumpers, and resistors which allow its operation be configured in various ways. As a result, the system is very customizable and can be modified to meet the user's needs. This compatibility makes it a perfect evaluation tool for any low power energy harvesting system. LTC(R)3106 - 300 mA, Low Voltage Buck-Boost Converter with PowerPathTM and 1.5A Quiescent Current Please refer to the individual IC data sheets for the operation of each power management circuit. The application section of this demo manual describes the system level functionality of this board and the various ways it can be used in early design prototyping. n n n n n LTC3107 - Ultralow Voltage Energy Harvester and Primary Battery Life Extender LTC3330 - Nanopower Buck-Boost DC/DC with Energy Harvesting Battery Life Extender LTC3331 - Nanopower Buck-Boost DC/DC with Energy Harvesting Battery Charger LTC2935-2 - Ultralow Power Supervisor with PowerFail Output Selectable Thresholds The board is designed to connect to the DC2321A, a Dust mote wireless sensor node demo board which monitors the batteries and the status signals of each IC. Design files for this circuit board are available at http://www.linear.com/demo/DC2509A L, LT, LTC, LTM, Linear Technology and the Linear logo are registered trademarks and PowerPath is a trademark of Linear Technology Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Board Photo Each energy harvesting circuit on DC2509A hosts input turrets for connecting solar panels, thermoelectric generators, piezoelectric devices, or any other high impedance source. As a backup power supply, the board holds a primary battery and a secondary battery which can be easily routed to any of the applicable ICs. Figure 1. DC2509A dc2509af 1 DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Table of Contents Description......................................................................................................................... 1 Board Photo......................................................................................................................... 1 Board Layout Organization Diagram............................................................................................ 3 Specifications...................................................................................................................... 4 Assembly Drawing................................................................................................................. 5 Quick Start Procedure............................................................................................................. 7 Optional Continuation with Any Transducer............................................................................................................. 8 Operation Overview............................................................................................................... 9 Block Diagrams...................................................................................................................10 Source Routing Flowcharts......................................................................................................11 Battery Routing Guide............................................................................................................14 Application.........................................................................................................................15 Switch Functions................................................................................................................................................... 17 LTC3106: Solar Energy Harvester with Primary or Secondary Batteries................................................................ 19 LTC3107: TEG Energy Harvester with Primary Battery.......................................................................................... 20 LTC3330: Hi-Z AC, Piezoelectric, and Solar Energy Harvester with Primary Battery.............................................. 21 LTC3331: Hi-Z AC, Piezoelectric, and Solar Energy Harvester with Secondary Battery......................................... 22 LTC2935-2 Power Switch Circuit........................................................................................................................... 23 Signal Buffering..................................................................................................................................................... 24 Status Signal Selection.......................................................................................................................................... 24 DC9003A-B Integration.......................................................................................................................................... 25 Ceramic Capacitor Storage.................................................................................................................................... 25 Supercap Storage and Active Balancer.................................................................................................................. 25 Power Selection Diodes......................................................................................................................................... 26 Configuration Tables.............................................................................................................28 LTC2935-2............................................................................................................................................................. 28 LTC3106................................................................................................................................................................ 28 LTC3330................................................................................................................................................................ 28 LTC3331................................................................................................................................................................ 28 0 Resistor Jumper Functions.............................................................................................................................. 30 Transducers........................................................................................................................31 Solar Cells.............................................................................................................................................................. 31 TEG ....................................................................................................................................................................... 31 Piezoelectric or High-Z AC Input............................................................................................................................ 32 Parts List...........................................................................................................................33 Schematic Diagram..............................................................................................................36 2 dc2509af DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Board Layout Organization Diagram Figure 2. Board Layout Organization Diagram dc2509af 3 DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Specifications TYPE PART PARAMETER VIN LTC3106 LTC3107 IC LTC3330 CONDITIONS MIN Backup Power Source Available 0.33 Backup Power Source Unavailable 0.85 Storage UNITS 6 V NOTES VOUT 1.8 3.3 5 V Set Using R6-R9, See Table 10 2.07 4 4 V Set Using R10-R13, See Table 11 VIN 30 500 mV VOUT VBAT - 0.23 VBAT - 0.03 V Input to Transformer Min = Battery Powering Load Max = EH Powering Load VAC1&VAC2 4 19 V IAC1&IAC2 -50 50 mA VOUT 1.8 3.3 5 V Set Using R20-R25, See Table 14 4 3 7 6 18 17 V Set Using R38-R45, See Table 16 3.3 Set Using R26-R31, See Table 12 Rising Falling LDO_OUT 1.2 3.3 V VAC1&VAC2 4 19 V IAC1&IAC2 -50 50 mA 1.8 3.3 5 V 4 3 7 6 18 17 V VFLOAT 3.45 4.0 4.2 V Set Using R52-R57, See Table 13 VLBD 2.04 2.70 3.20 V VLBC_BAT_IN 2.35 3.03 3.53 V VLBC_BAT_OUT 3.02 3.70 4.20 V See LTC3331 Data Sheet for More Information About These Levels VOUT Battery MAX VSTORE UVLO LTC3331 TYPICAL/DEFAULT UVLO Default Rising Default Falling Primary Voltage (Note 1) 3.08 3 3.8 V Secondary Voltage (Note 2) 3.03 3.6 4.2 V Ceramic Capacitors Energy Capacity Supercap Energy Capacity 2.3 mJ 37.9 mJ EHVCC = 3.3V Set Using R46-R51, See Table 14 Replace Battery Below Min Level or Modify Circuit Configuration Between 3.3V and the Default 2.25V LTC2935-2 Falling Threshold The "Typical/Default" column shows data corresponding to the factory configuration of the board where all 0 resistors are in their default positions. The min/max columns show the minimum or maximum allowable levels. Note 1: Because the output voltage of the LTC3107 is dependent on the battery voltage, VOUT_LTC3107 will be too low to reach the default 2.85V ground-switching threshold if the primary battery is below 3.08V. Refer to the LTC2935-2 Power Switch Circuit section to modify this threshold, or replace the battery. 4 Note 2: If the secondary battery voltage is below the default 3.03V BAT_IN connect threshold of the LTC3331, it cannot be connected internally to the IC to be used as a backup source. The battery can still be charged in this state if EH power is available. Alternatively, the connect threshold (VLBC_BAT_IN) can be changed according to Table 13 or the battery can be replaced. dc2509af DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Assembly Drawing Figure 3. DC2509A Top Assembly Drawing dc2509af 5 DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Assembly Drawing Figure 4. DC2509A Bottom Assembly Drawing 6 dc2509af DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Quick Start Procedure Reference designators for jumpers and default positions for 0 resistors are listed on the assembly drawing. Reference designators for 0 resistors are listed in Figure 20. 1) All 0 resistors should be in their default position (see Figure 4, default resistors have dots). Verify that the jumpers and switches are also in their default setting as follows: Table 1. Default Jumper/Switch Configuration TYPE JUMPER SWITCH REFERENCE DESIGNATOR POSITION JP1 - JP4 Shunt on JP3 JP5 - JP8 (Not Installed) JP17 Shunt on JP17B JP18 Shunt on JP18C JP19 SHIP JP20 OFF SW1 EHVCC SW2 PRI SW4 OFF SW7 OFF 2) This configuration ensures that the output of the LTC3330 is routed to EHVCC. As shown in Figure 5, connect VM1 to measure the EHVCC output voltage and connect PS1 and R1 to simulate a solar power source. 3) Output power from PS1 and observe that the voltage on VM1 is rising to, or regulated at, 3.3V. 4) Connect VM2 and LOAD1 as shown in Figure 5. Put PS1 into standby mode and observe the voltage on VM1 and VM2 begin to drop. As the voltage on VM1 drops past 2.25V, observe as the voltage on VM2 quickly falls to 0V. 5) Output power from PS1 and observe the voltage on VM2 quickly rise to the voltage on VM1 as VM1 rises past 2.85V. 6) Put PS1 into standby mode, then set SW7 = "ON" and install JP7 to connect the primary battery to the LTC3330. Observe as the voltage on both voltmeters quickly rises to 3.3V and regulates. 7) Output power from PS1 and observe that there is no change in output voltage as the IC switches from using battery power to using power from PS1 through its energy harvesting input. Figure 5. Setup for DC2509A Test Procedure with LTC3330 dc2509af 7 DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Quick Start Procedure 8) Reconfigure the board according to Figure 6: a) Move the shunt from JP3 to JP2 in order to route the LTC3107's output to the load. Move the shunt from JP7 to JP6 in order to power the LTC3107 from the primary battery. b) Move the positive lead of VM2 to the shunt on JP6 in order to measure the voltage of the primary battery. Move the negative lead to BGND. c) Connect PS2 and R2 to the input of the LTC3107 to simulate a TEG power source. 9) Observe the voltage on VM1 and VM2. The voltage on VM1 should be approximately 230mV below the voltage of VM2. 10) Output power from PS2. Observe the voltage on VM1 rise to 30mV below the voltage on VM2 as the LTC3107 powers the load through its energy harvesting input. 11) Put PS2 into standby mode and observe the voltage on VM1 fall to approximately 230mV below the voltage of VM2 as the LTC3107 powers the load from its backup battery. Optional Continuation with Any Transducer The source routing flowcharts (Figure 9 to Figure 11) show how to configure the board for use with any energy harvesting transducer. A user can follow these routing guides to evaluate ICs with any transducer connected to the energy harvesting input turrets on the right side of the board. Note: IC configurations such as the UVLO windows of the LTC3330 and LTC3331 may need to be changed for use with custom transducers. Refer to Tables 8-15. 1) Reconfigure the board according to Figure 5, but do not connect PS1 or R1. 2) Decide which transducer type to use and find the appropriate flowchart. Start at the left of the flowchart and choose settings until a box in the "Configure Demo Board" section is reached. 3) Configure all jumpers and switches listed in the appropriate box. Any jumpers or switches that are not listed in the box are irrelevant for the chosen configuration. 4) Power the energy harvesting transducer and observe the voltage on VM1 and VM2 which should be near 3.3V by default (less for LTC3107). Figure 6. Setup for DC2509A Test Procedure with LTC3107 8 dc2509af DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Operation Overview The function of the DC2509A is to provide a low-power wireless application, such as a wireless sensor node, with an uninterrupted power supply which uses as much harvested energy as is available to extend the life of a primary or secondary battery. The energy harvesting input turrets allow harvested energy to be routed to the input of each IC, and the batteries serve as a backup supply which can be charged or unused if energy from the transducers is sufficient to power the load. The four energy-harvesting ICs switch between these sources, using all available harvested energy and as much backup energy as is needed to keep a regulated output. A supercapacitor and a bank of ceramic capacitors are able to be connected to the board's output in order to store energy, smooth the output, and provide large pulses of current to the load. This helps to ensure that power remains uninterrupted for pulsed loads such as data transmission events on a wireless sensor node. An LTC2935-2 low-power manager IC monitors the output voltage and switches the ground on the header (HGND) so that it is connected to the ground reference for the rest of the DC2509A (BGND). This completes the circuit and ensures that the load receives a quickly-rising power supply and also that energy storage is able to gather sufficient energy for the required application before the load begins taking power. For use with the DC2321A demo application, DC2509A additionally passes buffered IC status signals through the output header. Both batteries can also be routed through coulomb counters on DC2321A and back to DC2509A to power the ICs; this allows the voltage, current, and charge of the batteries to be monitored. Figure 7. DC2509A Simplified Block Diagram dc2509af 9 DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Block Diagrams Figure 8. DC2509A Block Diagram 10 dc2509af DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Source Routing Flowcharts Figure 9. Solar Energy Harvesting Selection and Routing Flowchart dc2509af 11 DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Source Routing Flowcharts Figure 10. Thermal Energy Harvesting Selection and Routing Flowchart 12 dc2509af DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Source Routing Flowcharts Figure 11. Piezoelectric/High-Impedance AC Energy Harvesting Selection and Routing Flowchart dc2509af 13 DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Battery Routing Guide Table 2 shows how to route any given power source to all applicable ICs. Applying the correct configuration for each case will ensure that the output of the source is routed to the input of the IC but, in order to route the output of the IC to the board output (EHVCC), a shunt must still be installed on the appropriate output-selection jumper (JP1-JP4). In order to monitor the status outputs of the IC using the EH_ON and PGOOD turrets, the shunts on JP17 and JP18 must also be installed accordingly. Table 2. Battery Routing Guide BATTERY DESTINATION CONFIGURATION Primary Battery LTC3106 SW7 = "ON" SW2 = "PRI" JP5 = ON LTC3107 SW7 = "ON" JP6 = ON LTC3330 SW7 = "ON" JP7 = ON LTC3106 SW7 = "ON" SW2 = "SEC" JP5 = ON LTC3331 SW7 = "ON" SW2 = "PRI" JP8 = ON JP19 = "RUN" Secondary Battery Push PB1 or Apply EH* 14 NOTES The primary battery can power multiple ICs simultaneously. The secondary battery can only power one IC at a time. Using SW2, it can be connected to either the LTC3106 or the LTC3331. *To connect using PB1 or EH, the battery voltage must be above the PB1 or EH threshold, respectively (listed in Table 12). The default thresholds are 3.7V for PB1 and 3.03V for EH. dc2509af DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Application Jumper Functions JP1: Power selection jumper used to route the LTC3106 output to the load. JP2: Power selection jumper used to route the LTC3107 output to the load. JP3: Power selection jumper used to route the LTC3330 output to the load. JP4: Power selection jumper used to route the LTC3331 output to the load. JP5: Battery selection jumper used to route the selected battery to VSTORE on the LTC3106. The LTC3106 is compatible with both primary and secondary batteries. SW2 is used to choose which battery is active. If the secondary battery is chosen to power the LTC3106, the LTC3331 cannot be powered by any battery. However, if the primary battery is chosen to power the LTC3106, the LTC3331 can be powered by the secondary battery. JP6: Battery selection jumper used to route the primary battery to VBAT on the LTC3107. JP7: Battery selection jumper used to route the primary battery to BAT on the LTC3330. JP8: Battery selection jumper used to route the secondary battery to BAT_IN on the LTC3331. Note that if SW2 is set to connect the secondary battery to the LTC3106, the secondary battery cannot be connected to the LTC3331. JP17B: Routes the LTC3330 EH_ON signal to the EH_ON turret and the Dust Header EH_ON output. JP17C: Routes the LTC3331 EH_ON signal to the EH_ON turret and the Dust Header EH_ON output. JP18A: Routes the LTC3106 PGOOD signal to the PGOOD turret and the dust header. JP18B: Routes the LTC2935-2 PGOOD signal to the PGOOD turret and the dust header. The LTC3017 does not inherently generate its own PGOOD signal, so an LTC2935-2 monitors its output to create a PGOOD signal. JP18C: Routes the LTC3330 PGOOD signal to the PGOOD turret and the dust header. JP18D: Routes the LTC3331 PGOOD signal to the PGOOD turret and the dust header. JP19: Selects the battery storage mode for the secondary battery connected to the LTC3331. In SHIP mode, the battery disconnect switch is forced off to ensure there is no drain on the battery. For operation with the secondary battery, RUN mode must be enabled. JP20: Selects the charging mode for the secondary battery connected to the LTC3331. The charger can be set to OFF (battery life-extension only), CHRG for a slow charge, or FAST CHRG for a faster charge using the LTC3331's external charging circuitry. JP21A-JP21B: Storage for unused jumpers. JP17A: Routes the LTC3107 BAT_OFF signal to the EH_ON turret and the Dust Header EH_ON output. dc2509af 15 DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Application Table 3. Jumper Functions GROUP REFERENCE FUNCTION JP1-JP4 Route IC output to board output (EHVCC) and header JP5-JP8 JP17 JP18 JP19-JP20 16 Connect ICs to their respective batteries Route EH_ON signal to turret and dust header Route PGOOD signal to turret and dust header LTC3331 operation INDIVIDUAL REFERENCE FUNCTION JP1 Send VOUT from LTC3106 to output and header. JP2 Send VOUT from LTC3107 to output and header. JP3 Send VOUT from LTC3330 to output and header. JP4 Send VOUT from LTC3331 to output and header. JP5 Power LTC3106 from currently selected battery. JP6 Power LTC3107 from primary battery. JP7 Power LTC3330 from primary battery. JP8 Power LTC3331 from secondary battery. JP17A Connect LTC3107 BAT_OFF signal to EH_ON turret and dust header. JP17B Connect LTC3330 EH_ON signal to EH_ON turret and dust header. JP17C Connect LTC3331 EH_ON signal to EH_ON turret and dust header. JP18A Connect LTC3106 PGOOD signal to PGOOD turret and dust header. JP18B Connect LTC2935-2 PGOOD signal to PGOOD turret and dust header. JP18C Connect LTC3330 PGOOD signal to PGOOD turret and dust header. JP18D Connect LTC3331 PGOOD signal to PGOOD turret and dust header. JP19 Toggle ship mode to avoid draining battery when not in use. JP20 Enable charging or fast charging of the secondary battery. CONDITIONS/NOTES - SW2 selects battery - SW2 must be set to PRI - - - dc2509af DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Application Switch Functions SW1: Connects the ten Optional Energy Storage ceramic capacitors directly to EHVCC or VSTORE on the LTC3107. These capacitors can provide short-term power to the system in the event the load has intermittent energy requirements. These capacitors can also be disconnected entirely. SW2: Selects between the primary and secondary batteries for the LTC3106 and connects the same battery to VBAT on the dust header (J2). Due to charging capabilities, only one IC can use the secondary battery at any time. Therefore, while the LTC3106 is connected to the secondary battery, the LTC3331 cannot receive battery power. With the switch in its default position, all of the energy-harvesting ICs have the potential to be powered by a battery. SW4: Connects the supercapacitor storage to either the LTC3330 or the LTC3331. SW7: Connects/disconnects both the primary and secondary batteries from the board. In the CCTR position, batteries are routed through the coulomb counters on DC2321A for monitoring. Connected batteries must be routed to ICs using JP5-JP8. Table 4. Switch Functions REFERENCE SW1 SW2 SW4 SW7 NAME FUNCTION ENERGY STORAGE Select mode for optional energy storage LTC3106 BATTERY Select between batteries for LTC3106 Connect the SUPERCAP supercapacitor to BALANCER the output of an IC BATTERIES Connect/ disconnect batteries POSITION RESULT 0 OFF 1 EHVCC Any VOUT routed to the header uses optional energy storage. 2 VSTORE_LTC3107 LTC3107's VSTORE function uses optional energy storage. 0 PRI LTC3106 uses primary battery, LTC3331 uses secondary. 1 SEC LTC3106 uses secondary battery, LTC3331 uses no battery. 0 OFF Supercapacitor balancer and storage disabled. 1 LTC3330 LTC3330's supercapacitor storage enabled. 2 LTC3331 LTC3331's supercapacitor storage enabled. NOTES Optional energy storage disabled. 0 OFF Both batteries are disconnected from the board. 1 ON Both batteries are connected to the board. 2 CCTR Both batteries are routed through coulomb counters on DC2321A. - Battery must still be routed with jumper R96-R98 must be populated for active balancing JP5-JP8 route batteries to ICs dc2509af 17 DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Application Turret Functions EHVCC (E1, E2): Regulated Output of all the active Energy Harvester power management circuits, referenced to BGND. When EHVCC is referenced to HGND it is a switched output that is passed through header J1 to power the load. BGND (E3, E4, E10, E12): This is the Board Ground: the ground reference for the DC2509A. BGND is the reference for all of the parts on the board except the headers. BGND and HGND (the header ground) are connected through Q3 when the EHVCC voltage with respect to BGND reaches the rising reset threshold of the LTC2935-2 and disconnected when EHVCC falls to the falling reset threshold. HGND (E5, E6): This is the Header Ground: the ground reference for any load that is connected to the DC2509A through one of its output headers. HGND is the switched ground that ensures the load is presented with a quickly rising voltage. BGND and HGND are connected through Q3 when the EHVCC voltage with respect to BGND reaches the rising reset threshold of the LTC2935-2 and disconnected when EHVCC falls to the falling reset threshold (thresholds configurable with R78-R86). The board is configured from the factory to connect BGND and HGND when EHVCC reaches a rising threshold of 2.85V and disconnect them when EHVCC drops below 2.25V. EH_ON (E7): Energy Harvesting On output signal of the IC selected using JP17. A high EH_ON signal is generally an indication that the IC is relying on harvested energy rather than battery energy. The LTC3107's equivalent signal (BAT_OFF) goes high when the battery is not in use. For the LTC3330 and LTC3331, EH_ON is high when the buck switching regulator is in use (EH input) and it is low when the buck-boost switching regulator is in use (battery input). The LTC3106 does not output an EH_ON signal. 18 PGOOD (E8): Power Good output of the IC selected using JP18. PGOOD transitioning high indicates that regulation has been reached on VOUT. Specific operation depends on which IC is generating the signal. For the universal PGOOD signal that is generated by the LTC2935-2, the rising threshold is 2.85V and the falling threshold is 2.25V. The universal PGOOD signal will switch for any of the EH ICs and can be routed to the turret by installing JP18B. VIN_LTC3106 [330mV to 5.0V] (E9): External energy harvester input to the LTC3106. VIN_LTC3107 [30mV to 500mV] (E11): External energy harvester input to the LTC3107. AC1_LTC3330 [4V to 19V] (E13): External energy harvester input to AC1 on the LTC3330. AC2_LTC3330 [4V to 19V] (E14): External energy harvester input to AC2 on the LTC3330. AC1_LTC3331 [4V to 19V] (E15): External energy harvester input to AC1 on the LTC3331. AC2_LTC3331 [4V to 19V] (E16): External energy harvester input to AC2 on the LTC3331. LDO_IN (E17): Input voltage for the LDO regulator of the LTC3330. Populating R99 will connect LDO_IN to VOUT_LTC3330. LDO_EN (E18): Active-high LDO enable input. The high logic level for this input is referenced to LDO_IN. LDO_OUT (E19): Regulated LDO output for the LTC3330. The output voltage can be configured using R26-R31. dc2509af DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Application LTC3106: Solar Energy Harvester with Primary or Secondary Batteries using the voltage divider formed by R1 and R2 on the bottom of the board. In order to optimize the power drawn from a solar cell, this voltage divider should be configured so that the voltage on the RUN pin is near the maximum power point of the cell. Because the voltage feeding the resistor divider, VIN, is subject to fluctuate with light levels, the voltage on the RUN pin will not be the same for all intensities of light. This feature can be enabled/disabled by installing R3 or R4 respectively. The LTC3106 solar powered energy harvester's output (VOUT_LTC3106) can be routed to EHVCC by installing the power selection jumper JP1. The PGOOD_LTC3106 signal can be routed to the PGOOD turret by installing JP18A. The LTC3106 does not output an EH_ON indication. SW2 toggles between the primary or secondary batteries as the backup power source for the LTC3106, and JP5 connects the selected battery to the IC's VSTORE input. Because the LTC3106 requires a logic signal to its PRI pin in order to determine which battery is attached and enable/disable charging, SW2 also routes the appropriate signal to the IC. As another option to optimize the LTC3106's operation with a specific solar cell, the board allows programming of the MPPC comparator's activation point using R18. This feature can be disabled/enabled by installing R16 or R17 respectively; when MPPC is enabled, the RUN pin's UVLO function should be disabled using R3/R4 (see Table 16). The MPP pin sources a nominal current of 1.5A, so the resistor value can be calculated for a specific solar cell's VMP using: The operation of the LTC3106 is configurable using 0 resistors as jumpers. These resistors are located in tables on the back of the board. Table 16 is a guide for these resistors and describes each of their functions. R18 = The LTC3106 has the option to enable an undervoltage threshold for LDO regulation. This threshold can be set VCC_LTC3106 TP1 PGOOD_LTC3106_IC R100 10M 0603 Q4B PGOOD_LTC3106 7 11 PRI_LTC3106 R101 10M 0603 SW1 R5 1M 2V TO 4.2V VBAT_LTC3106 Q4A Si1553CDL 18 2 PGOOD_LTC3106 R89 0 OFF R90 DNP ON 20 14 19 C5 4.7F 10V 1206 C6 0.1F 10V 0603 17 3 SW2 VAUX VOUT VIN RUN PGOOD PRI U1 LTC3106EUDC NC VSTORE OS1 ENVSTR OS2 VCAP SS1 SS2 4 VCC_LTC3106 D2 PMEG2010EA L1 15H C4 4.7F 10V 1206 ILIMSEL VCC VMP 1.5A GND 21 GND MPP 16 C3 VBAT_LTC3106 4.7F 10V R3 R4 0805 0 DNP ON OFF C1 100F 10V 1206 C34 2.2F 10V 0603 R1 2.37M C2 100F 10V 1206 R2 453k VCC_LTC3106 VCC_LTC3106 13 1 R6 0 R8 DNP R10 0 R12 0 R14 DNP HIGH 5 R7 DNP R9 0 R11 DNP R13 DNP R15 0 LOW RUN VIN_LTC3106 E9 V IN 330mV TO 5V 50mA D3 CMHZ4689 5.1V E10 BGND ILIMSEL 6 R16 0 OFF MPPC R17 DNP ON R18 2.37M 10 9 12 8 DC2509A F12 15 Figure 12. Schematic of LTC3106 Solar Energy Harvesting Power Supply dc2509af 19 DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Application LTC3107: TEG Energy Harvester with Primary Battery When SW7 is ON and JP6 is installed, the primary battery is routed to the LTC3107's VBAT input. As a result of the output's dependence on the battery voltage, the primary battery needs to operate at a minimum voltage in order for HGND switching to occur. For correct operation, the primary battery must have a voltage of at least: The LTC3107 TEG powered energy harvester's output (VOUT_LTC3107) can be routed to EHVCC by installing the power selection jumper JP2. Because the LTC3107 does not output its own PGOOD signal, an additional LTC2935-2 generates a PGOOD signal based on the output voltage of the IC. This PGOOD_LTC3107 signal can be routed to the PGOOD turret by installing Jumper JP18B. The LTC3107's BAT_OFF signal can be routed to the EH_ON turret by installing JP17A. VPRI > VRISING + 230mV For the LTC2935-2's default rising threshold of 2.85V, VPRI > 2.85V + 230mV = 3.08V If the primary battery's voltage drops below 3.08V, it should be replaced or used exclusively with other ICs. Alternatively, a backup source with a higher voltage can be used or the rising threshold of the LTC2935-2 can be lowered to accommodate the LTC3107's battery-dependent output voltage level (the resistor configuration for this lower threshold is given in Table 5). The default rising threshold is configured to allow the LTC3107's output to switch HGND but, if the LTC3107 is not being evaluated, a higher rising threshold can be used and will result in a wider hysteresis window for the other EH ICs. Unlike the other ICs, the LTC3107 requires a battery to start up and adapts its output to match the voltage of its battery. With no harvested energy available, VOUT will be regulated to a voltage about 230mV below the battery. While harvesting energy, the LTC3107 preserves the life of its battery and regulates its output to about 30mV below the battery voltage. When SW1 is in the VSTORE_LTC3107 position, the optional energy storage capacitors (CO1-CO10) are connected to the LTC3107's VSTORE input to store excess harvested energy and further extend the primary battery's life. VOUT_LTC3107 R102 10M 0603 TP5 BAT_OFF_LTC3107_IC BAT_OFF_LTC3107_IC 7 VOUT_LTC3107 2 VSTORE_LTC3107 Q5B BAT_OFF_LTC3107 3 Q5A Si1553CDL R103 10M 0603 R104 10M 0603 Q6B Si1553CDL 8 7 6 Q6A PGOOD_LTC3107 U6 LTC2935CTS8-2 C35 0.1F 10V R105 10M 0603 5 VCC S0 MR S1 RST S2 PFO GND TP2 PGOOD_LTC3107_IC 3 2 1 4 R114 DNP 0402 R116 0 0402 R118 0 0402 R115 0 0402 R117 DNP 0402 R119 DNP 0402 + C12 220F 6TPE220MI 6.3V 4 5 C13 10F 0603 6.3V C11 2.2F 0603 6.3V BAT_OFF C1 VSTORE C2 VOUT 8 9 VAUX GND 11 GND 6 C9 330pF 3 T1 100:1 * * E11 1 2 74488540070 + VIN 330mV TO 5V VIN_3107 C7 300F 6TPE330MIL E12 SW VLDO 4 R19 499k U1 LTC3107EDD VBATT C8 1nF 10 BGND 1 C10 10F 0603 VBAT_LTC3107 DC2509A F13 PGOOD_LTC3107_IC Figure 13. Schematic of LTC3107 TEG Energy Harvesting Power Supply 20 dc2509af DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Application LTC3330: Hi-Z AC, Piezoelectric, and Solar Energy Harvester with Primary Battery When SW7 is ON and JP7 is installed, the primary battery is routed to the LTC3330. The LTC3330 Hi-Z AC/piezoelectric/solar powered energy harvester's output (VOUT_LTC3330) can be routed to EHVCC by installing the power selection jumper JP3. The PGOOD_LTC3330 signal can be routed to the PGOOD turret by installing JP18C. EH_ON_LTC3330 can be routed to the EH_ON turret by installing JP17B. The LTC3330 has a configurable LDO regulator which can be set to different output voltages by moving R26-R31. Three turrets (LDO_IN, LDO_EN, and LDO_OUT) are available to access the inputs and outputs of the LDO. LDO_IN can be pulled to the LTC3330's output, VOUT_LTC3330, by installing R99. The regulator is enabled by pulling LDO_EN high with reference to LDO_IN. An external piezoelectric or other high-impedance AC source can be routed to the LTC3330`s input turrets. If one terminal of the source is connected to BGND and the other is connected to either AC1 or AC2, this creates a voltage-doubler configuration. Alternatively, if one terminal of the source is connected to AC1 and the other terminal is connected to AC2, the device is full-wave rectified. See Figure 21 for a visual of these configurations. If the application would benefit from a wider PGOOD hysteresis window than the LTC3330 provides, the PGOOD_LTC2935-2 signal can be used in place of any of the PGOOD signals generated by the harvester circuits. L3 22H VOUT_LTC3330 VOUT 3.3V 1.8V TO 5V 50mA VIN3_LTC3330 R20 0 R22 DNP R24 DNP L2 100H 744 043 101 13 R21 DNP R23 0 R25 0 30 R106 10M 0603 32 TP6 EH_OH_LTC3330_IC Q7A Si1553CDL 29 VIN 3V TO 19V R107 10M 0603 10 C15 1F, 0402, 6.3V C14 22F 1210 25V Q7B EH_ON_LTC3330 EH_ON_LTC3330_IC C16 4.7F, 0603, 6.3V C17 1F, 0402, 6.3V VBAT_LTC3330 PGLDO_LTC3330 11 3 26 C18 22F, 1206, 6.3V 15 16 R26 0 R28 0 R30 DNP R27 DNP R29 DNP R31 0 12 SWB SW 4 UV2 OUT1 UV1 OUT2 UV0 EH_ON AC1 VIN AC2 R40 DNP R42 0 R44 0 R39 0 R41 0 R43 DNP R45 DNP 5 6 7 AC1 CAUTION: 50mA MAX 9 AC1 AC1_LTC3330 TP3 PGVOUT_LTC3330_IC U3 LTC3330EUH VIN2 PGVOUT SCAP VIN3 BAL BAT IPK0 IPK1 IPK2 GND LDO_EN 25 LDO_IN 21 2 VOUT_LTC3330 SCAP_LTC3330 1 BAL_LTC3330 R108 10M 0603 17 VIN3_LTC3330 18 19 R32 0 R34 DNP R36 DNP R33 DNP R35 0 R37 0 33 LDO_OUT R99 VOUT_LTC3330 DNP E14 PGVOUT_LTC3330_IC 28 PGVOUT_LTC3330 R109 10M 0603 20 C20 10F 6.3V 0603 E13 AC1_LTC3330 8 CAP E18 LDO_EN_LTC3330 R38 DNP UV3 OUT0 27 PGLDO 22 LDO2 23 LDO1 24 LDO0 LDO_IN_LTC3330 LDO_EN_LTC3330 14 VOUT SWA 31 VOUT_LTC3330 VIN2_LTC3330 744 773 122 C19 150F 1210 6.3V LDO_OUT_LTC3330 C21 22F 1206 6.3V E19 LDO_OUT OUTPUT 1.2V TO 5.5V INPUT 1.8V TO 5.5V LDO_IN_LTC3330 E17 LDO_IN DC2509A F14 Figure 14. Schematic of LTC3330 Hi-Z AC, Piezoelectric, and Solar Energy Harvesting Power Supply dc2509af 21 DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Application LTC3331: Hi-Z AC, Piezoelectric, and Solar Energy Harvester with Secondary Battery The operation of the LTC3331 is configurable using JP19 and JP20. Charging of the secondary battery is configurable using JP20. In its OFF position, there will be no current sourced to the battery. In the CHARGE position, the battery is charged through resistor R76. For higher charging currents up to 10mA, JP20 should be placed in the FAST CHG position. In this mode, the battery is charged using external circuitry connected to the LTC3331 and the battery charge current can be set based on the value of R72. The LTC3331 Hi-Z AC/piezoelectric/solar powered energy harvester's output (VOUT_LTC3331) can be routed to EHVCC by installing the power selection jumper JP4. The PGOOD_LTC3331 signal can be routed to the PGOOD turret by installing Jumper JP18D. EH_ON_LTC3331 can be routed to the EH_ON turret by installing JP17C. An external piezoelectric or other high-impedance AC source can be routed to the LTC3331`s input turrets. If one terminal of the source is connected to BGND and the other is connected to either AC1 or AC2, this creates a voltage-doubler configuration. Alternatively, if one terminal of the source is connected to AC1 and the other terminal is connected to AC2, the device is full-wave rectified. See Figure 21 for a visual of these configurations. A SHIP mode is provided which manually disconnects the battery. This may be helpful for preventing discharge of the battery when no harvestable energy is available for long periods of time such as during shipping. To disengage SHIP mode, JP19 should be installed in the RUN position. L5 22H VOUT_LTC3330 VOUT 3.3V 1.8V TO 5V 50mA L4 100H R46 0 R48 DNP R50 DNP 744 043 101 13 R47 DNP R49 0 R51 0 30 32 3V TO 19V R73 1M 0402 Q2B NDC7001C D1 CMOSH-3 10 C22 22F 1210 25V Q1 CMPT3906E C25 0.1F, 0402, 10V Q2A NDC7001C R74 100k 0402 C23 1F, 0402, 6.3V C24 4.7F, 0603, 6.3V 11 VIN2_LTC3331 3 VIN3_LTC3331 26 27 R76 3.01k 0402 R75 FAST CHRG 1M CHARGE 0402 OFF JP20 16 BB_IN PB1 START 20 R77 100k 0402 C26 22F 1206 6.3V 21 VBAT_LTC3331 25 22 SHIP RUN 14 R52 DNP R54 DNP R56 0 R53 0 R55 0 R57 DNP 12 4 R64 DNP R66 DNP R68 0 R70 0 R65 0 R67 0 R69 DNP R71 DNP UV3 SWB SW OUT0 UV2 OUT1 UV1 OUT2 UV0 VIN AC1 AC2 CAP 5 6 7 AC1_LTC3331 8 9 VIN2 AC1 AC2 VIN3 TP4 PGVOUT_LTC3331_IC U4 LTC3331EUH PGVOUT CHARGE SCAP BB_IN BAL E15 CAUTION: 50mA MAX AC1_LTC3331 2 R112 10M 0603 SCAP_LTC3331 1 E16 VOUT_LTC3331 28 Q10B Si1553CDL BAL_LTC3331 Q10A BAT_OUT R113 10M 0603 PGVOUT_LTC3331_IC BAT_IN IPK0 SHIP IPK1 LBSEL FLOAT1 FLOAT0 GND EH_ON 23 BB_IN JP19 15 VOUT SWA 31 R75 1M 0402 VIN2_LTC3331 744 773 122 VIN3_LTC3330 24 33 IPK2 PGVOUT_LTC3331 17 VIN3_LTC3331 18 19 29 R58 0 R60 DNP R62 DNP R59 DNP R61 0 R63 0 R110 10M VOUT_LTC3331 0603 Q9B Si1553CDL Q9A EH_ON_LTC3331_IC TP7 EH_ON_LTC3331_IC R111 10M 0603 EH_ON_LTC3331 DC2509A F15 Figure 15. Schematic of LTC3331 Hi-Z AC, Piezoelectric, and Solar Energy Harvesting Power Supply 22 dc2509af DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Application When SW7 is ON and JP8 is installed, the secondary battery is routed to the LTC3331's BAT_IN pin. To connect the battery internally, JP19 must be set to RUN and the BB_IN pin needs to be brought above the BAT_OUT connect threshold. There are two ways this can be achieved: 1. The IC has reached regulation using EH power and the battery voltage is greater than the BAT_IN connect threshold voltage (EH column in Table 12). 2. The battery voltage is greater than the BAT_OUT connect threshold voltage (PB1 column in Table 12) and tactile switch PB1 is pressed momentarily. By default, the BAT_IN connect threshold is set to 3.03V and the BAT_OUT connect threshold is set to 3.70V. These thresholds (along with the battery disconnect and float voltages) can be adjusted using R52-R57. Note that the PB1 function does not work for settings where the BAT_OUT threshold is greater than the float voltage. If the application would benefit from a wider PGOOD hysteresis window than the LTC3331 provides, the PGOOD_LTC2935-2 signal can be used in place of any of the PGOOD signals generated by the harvester circuits. LTC2935-2 Power Switch Circuit If the application requires a wide hysteresis window for the PGOOD signal, the board has the ability to use an independent PGOOD signal which is generated by the LTC2935-2 and available on JP18B. This signal acts as the PGOOD signal for the LTC3107 circuit because the LTC3107 does not have its own PGOOD output, but the PGOOD_LTC2935-2 signal can be used in place of any of the PGOOD signals generated by the harvester circuits. Some loads do not like to see a slowly rising input voltage. Switch Q3 ensures that EHVCC on the header is off until the energy harvested output voltage is high enough to power the load. By default, the LTC2935-2 is configured to turn on Q3 at 2.85V and turn off Q3 at 2.25V. With this switching, the load will see a fast voltage rise at startup and be able to utilize all of the energy stored in the output capacitors between the 2.85V and 2.25V levels. The DNP and 0 resistors (R78-R86) near the LTC2935-2 allow for customization of the PGOOD thresholds and hysteresis window. By modifying R84-R86, the digital inputs (S0, S1, S2) can be toggled when the rising or falling threshold is reached. EHVCC GND GND 1 19 EM HEADER 2X10 SAMTEC-SMH-110-02-L-D U1 LTC2935CTS8-2 8 E5 HGND 7 HGND E6 Q3 ZXMN2F30FH SOT23 6 C28 0.1F 16V 0402 5 VCC S0 MR S1 RST S2 PFO GND 2.85V RISING 2.25V FALLING R78 DNP R80 0 R82 0 R79 DNP R81 DNP R83 DNP 3 2 1 4 R84 0 R85 0DNP R86 DNP RST DC2509A F16 Figure 16. Schematic of LTC2935-2 Low-Power Supervisor and HGND Switching Circuit dc2509af 23 DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Application A hysteresis (`H') resistor acts as a `0' until the rising threshold is met, then becomes a `1'. Once the voltage drops below the falling threshold again, it becomes a `0'. In this way, the inputs of the LTC2935-2 can be reconfigured during operation to create a wider hysteresis window. Table 5 shows a few recommended 0 resistor configurations that will result in the widest possible hysteresis windows for different rising threshold voltages. The best value for this threshold depends on which IC is being evaluated. The default setting allows the output voltage of any IC to switch the header ground, but the hysteresis window can be optimized to suit a particular IC output or application. Table 5. Possible Settings for Widest Hysteresis Windows ENERGY HARVESTER BEING EVALUATED S0 S1 S2 FALLING THRESHOLD RISING THRESHOLD All H 1 1 2.25V 2.85V All Except LTC3107 1 1 H 2.25V 3.15V Only LTC3107 H H 1 2.25V 2.70V The recommendations in this table are based on the default output voltage configuration where EHVCC = 3.3V. Signal Buffering Because DC2509A switches the ground on the output header once a target voltage threshold is reached, it is necessary to buffer any output signal that will come directly in contact with the mote. Without buffering, a signal that is outputting a logic low will give the load an unintended ground reference, causing it to draw power before the ground switching occurs. This happens as the result of a sneak path within the processor. To prevent this, a simple FET buffer circuit is employed on all IC status signals which cross the output header, J1. With a high input signal, the N-channel FET is enhanced and pulls the P-channel gate low to connect the output to VREF. With a low input signal, the N-channel FET is off and the gate of the P-channel FET is pulled high through a resistor to keep the FET off; in this state, the output is not connected to ground, but is instead a high-impedance node. 24 VREF OUT IN DC2509A F17 Figure 17. Simple Signal Buffer/Level Translator Circuit On DC2321A, a pull-down resistor on the output of each buffer ensures that the signal is read as a logic low when the node is high-impedance. These resistors are pulled down to GND on DC2321A which is equivalent to HGND on DC2509A. In addition to preventing sneak paths, the buffers also provide a voltage translation to VREF. Because the LTC3330 and LTC3331 status output signals are at voltages referenced to internal rails, this voltage translation is necessary to prevent damage to the mote. Status Signal Selection The LTC3107, LTC3330, and LTC3331 ICs each output a logic signal indicating when they are powering the load using harvested energy rather than a backup source. Using JP17, one of these signals can be routed to the EH_ON turret. Table 6. Presence of PGOOD / EH_ON Signals for Each IC IC EH_ON PGOOD LTC3106 - Yes LTC3107 Yes Generated by LTC2935-2 LTC3330 Yes Yes LTC3331 Yes Yes Similarly, the LTC3106, LTC3330, and LTC3331 ICs each output a logic signal indicating when the output (VOUT) has reached regulation. Because the LTC3107 does not inherently generate this signal, an additional LTC2935-2 dc2509af DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Application EHVCC Q11B EHVCC R120 10M 0603 Q12B JP17 Q11A Si1553CDL R128 10M 0603 R121 10M 0603 OPT JP17A JP17B JP17C BAT_OFF_LTC3107_IC EH_ON_LTC3330_IC EH_ON_LTC3331_IC HDR-2MM-DUAL-SMT R122 10M 0603 JP18 JP18A JP18B JP18C JP18D Q12A Si1553CDL R123 10M 0603 OPT PGOOD_LTC3106_IC PGOOD_LTC3107_IC PGVOUT_LTC3330_IC PGVOUT_LTC3331_IC HDR-2MM-DUAL-SMT E8 PGOOD E7 EH_ON DC2509A F18 Figure 18. EH_ON and PGOOD Selection Jumpers and Turrets Ceramic Capacitor Storage The DC2509A hosts a bank of ten optional energy storage capacitors which can be configured using SW1. In the OFF position, the capacitors are disconnected from the rest of the circuit. If SW1 is set to EHVCC, the capacitors are connected to the output voltage, EHVCC. If SW1 is set to VSTORE_LTC3107, the capacitors are connected to VSTORE on the LTC3107 and are used in the IC's own storage function. Figure 19. Signal Selection Layout monitors its output to create its PGOOD signal. Using JP18, one of these signals can be routed to the PGOOD turret. The name of each relevant IC is located between its appropriate EH_ON jumper and PGOOD jumper (see Figure 19). Jumper reference designators are listed on the assembly drawing. DC9003A-B Integration Header J2 is intended for use with the DC9003A-A/B Dust manager/mote evaluation board. The EH_ON and PGOOD signals selected by JP17 and JP18 are routed through buffers to the applicable inputs on the Dust board. When the selected PGOOD signal is low, the Dust board will use power from its own on-board battery. When PGOOD is high, power is drawn from EHVCC on DC2509A. In order to properly interface with DC2509A, R3 on DC9003A must be changed to 750k. At the default EHVCC voltage of 3.3V, the actual capacitance of each capacitor is about 80F. This gives the storage bank a combined capacitance of about 800F. Therefore, with the default voltage and switching threshold configurations, the ceramic capacitor bank is able to store about: Stored Energy|V1 - V2 = 1/2 C V12 - 1/2 C V22 = 1/2 C (V12 - V22) = 1/2 (0.0008) * (3.32 - 2.252) = 2.331mJ between 3.3V and the 2.25V LTC2935-2 falling threshold. Supercap Storage and Active Balancer The supercapacitor supplied with the board allows the storage of much more energy than can be stored by the bank of ceramic capacitors. At the default EHVCC voltage of 3.3V, the actual capacitance of the supercapacitor is about 13mF. Based on the above calculations, the supercapacitor is able to store 37.88mJ between 3.3V and the 2.25 default LTC2935-2 falling threshold. dc2509af 25 DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Application SW4 allows the supercapacitor to be disconnected or tied to the output of either the LTC3330 or the LTC3331. The supercapacitor that is populated by default does not have a balance pin and therefore does not need the active balancing feature of the LTC3330 or the LTC3331. However, the board does allow the use of active balancing with alternate supercapacitors. In the case that the user wishes to use a supercapacitor with active balancing, C31 can be populated. This footprint is designed to fit CAPXX supercapacitors in A-Type packages. See Table 7 for recommended parts that will fit the pads on the board. Table 7. Recommended Supercapacitors TYPE WITH BALANCE PIN WITHOUT BALANCE PIN CAPACITANCE PART NUMBER MANUFACTURER 85mF GA209F CAP-XX 120mF HA202F CAP-XX 400mF HA230F CAP-XX 4.7mF BZ05KB472ZSB AVX 15mF BZ055B153ZSB AVX 33mF BZ055B333ZSB AVX Before installing C31, be sure to place insulating tape over the specified contacts of C30; the note for doing so can be seen on the bottom assembly drawing as well as underneath C30 on the back of the board. 26 The active balancing feature is disabled/enabled through the installation of the 0 resistors R93-R98. By default, balancing is disabled and R93-R95 are installed. To enable balancing, these three resistors should be moved to R96-R98. Only one group of three resistors should be populated at a time. Power Selection Diodes Diodes D4-D7 are optional components used to "DiodeOR" multiple energy harvesting sources together. When the OR-ing diodes are installed, all of the power routing jumpers (JP1-JP4) should be off. The diode drop will be subtracted from the output voltage setpoint, so it is recommended to select a higher output voltage to compensate for the diode drop. When more than one of these diodes is installed and the associated energy harvester inputs are powered, the board will switch between energy harvester power circuits as needed to maintain the output voltage. At some level of current dependent on the components used, an ideal diode IC becomes more efficient than regular diodes. At low load currents, regular diodes are more efficient because their power consumption is dependent upon the current being passed through. At higher currents, and ideal diode IC becomes more efficient because it requires only a quiescent current and power dissipation is not directly dependent on the current. dc2509af DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Application The following tables show how to configure some settings for the LTC2935-2, LTC3106, LTC3330, and LTC3331. Moving the supplied 0 jumper resistor into the appropriate `1' or `0' row will pull the appropriate pin high or low and change some functionality according to the relevant table. All of the necessary jumper resistors for these functions are supplied with the board, so no additional parts should be needed. Do not populate both the `1' and `0' resistor in the same column for any table as this will result in a short circuit. H* R86 R83 R82 0 R85 R81 R80 1 R84 R79 R78 S0 S1 S2 *HYSTERESIS DC2509A F20a Figure 20a. Front 0 Resistor Jumpers for Table 8 Figure 20b. Back 0 Resistor Jumpers for Tables 9-15 dc2509af 27 DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Configuration Tables LTC2935-2 Table 8. PGOOD Threshold Selection S0 S1 S2 RESET THRESHOLD POWER-FAIL THRESHOLD 0 0 0 3.30V 3.45V 1 0 0 3.15V 3.30V 1 1 0 3.00V 3.15V 0 1 0 2.85V 3.00V 0 1 1 2.70V 2.85V 0 0 1 2.55V 2.70V 1 0 1 2.40V 2.55V 1 1 1 2.25V 2.40V Default Rising Default Falling LTC3106 Table 9. VOUT Selection Table 10. VSTORE Selection 0S1 OS2 VOUT SS1 SS2 VSTORE 0 0 1.8V 0 0 2.07V 0 1 3.0V 0 1 2.9V 1 0 3.3V 1 0 3.015V 1 1 5.0V 1 1 4.0V LTC3330 LTC3331 Table 11. LDO Voltage Selection Table 12. Float Selection CONNECT LDO2 LDO1 LDO0 LDO_OUT 0 0 0 1.2V 0 0 1 1.5V 0 0 0 3.45V 2.35V 3.02V 2.04V 0 1 0 1.8V 0 0 1 4.0V 3.03V 3.70V 2.70V 0 1 1 2.0V 0 1 0 4.1V 3.03V 3.70V 2.70V 1 0 0 2.5V 0 1 1 4.2V 3.03V 3.70V 2.70V 1 0 1 3.0V 1 0 0 3.45V 2.85V N/A 2.51V 1 1 0 3.3V 1 0 1 4.0V 3.53V N/A 3.20V 1 1 1 = LDO_IN 1 1 0 4.1V 3.53V N/A 3.20V 1 1 1 4.2V 3.53V N/A 3.20V LBSEL FLOAT1 FLOAT0 FLOAT EH PB1 DISCONNECT NOTE: Shaded Rows Represent Default Configuration Settings 28 dc2509af DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Configuration Tables LTC3330 & LTC3331 Table 13. Output Voltage Selection OUT2 OUT1 OUT0 VOUT 0 0 0 1.8V 0 0 1 2.5V 0 1 0 2.8V 0 1 1 3.0V 1 0 0 3.3V 1 0 1 3.6V 1 1 0 4.5V 1 1 1 5.0V Table 15. VIN UVLO Threshold Selection UV3 Table 14. IPEAK_BB Selection IPK2 IPK1 IPK0 ILIN LMIN 0 0 0 5mA 1000H 0 0 1 10mA 470H 0 1 0 15mA 330H 0 1 1 25mA 220H 1 0 0 50mA 100H 1 0 1 100mA 47H 1 1 0 150mA 33H 1 1 1 250mA 22H UV2 UV1 UV0 UVLO RISING UVLO FALLING 0 0 0 0 4V 3V 0 0 0 1 5V 4V 0 0 1 0 6V 5V 0 0 1 1 7V 6V 0 1 0 0 8V 7V 0 1 0 1 8V 5V 0 1 1 0 10V 9V 0 1 1 1 10V 5V 1 0 0 0 12V 11V 1 0 0 1 12V 5V 1 0 1 0 14V 13V 1 0 1 1 14V 5V 1 1 0 0 16V 15V 1 1 0 1 16V 5V 1 1 1 0 18V 17V 1 1 1 1 18V 5V NOTE: Shaded Rows Represent Default Configuration Settings dc2509af 29 DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Application 0 Resistor Jumper Functions Table 16. 0 Resistor Jumper Functions RELEVANT PART LTC3106 LTC3330 DEFAULT POSITION DEFAULT MODE DESCRIPTION R3, R4 RUN Threshold ON/OFF R3 RUN Threshold Enable/Disable Undervoltage Threshold Mode for VIN on the LTC3106. The Undervoltage Threshold Is Configurable by Changing the Values of the Resistors in the External Voltage Divider (R1 and R2) R6-R9 Set VOUT R6, R9 VOUT = 3.3V R10-R13 Set VSTORE R10, R12 VSTORE = 4.0V RESISTORS FUNCTION Supercap 30 Sets VSTORE Operating Voltage. See Table 10 Selects the Peak Current Limit for the LTC3106 by Enabling/Disabling the Automatic Power Adjust Feature. In LOW Mode, the LTC3106 Will Operate at the Lowest Peak Current and in HIGH Mode it Will Operate at Higher Peak Currents R14, R15 Set Peak Current Limit R16, R17 MPPC OFF/ON R16 MPPC Disabled R89, R90 Set Battery Capacity R89 Low Capacity Battery R20-R25 Set VOUT R20, R23, R25 VOUT = 3.3V R26-R31 Set LDO Voltage R26, R28, R31 LDO_OUT = 3.3V R32-R37 Set IPEAK_BB R32, R35, R37 ILIN = 50mA R38-R45 Set UVLO R39, R41, R42, R44 RISING = 7V FALLING = 6V R99 Set LDO_IN DNP LDO_IN Floating (LDO Disabled) R46-R51 Set VOUT R46, R49, R51 VOUT = 3.3V R52-R57 Set Float, Connect, and Disconnect R53, R55, R56 R58-R63 Set IPEAK_BB R58, R61, R63 ILIN = 50mA R64-R71 Set UVLO R65, R67, R68, R70 RISING = 7V FALLING = 6V R78-R86 Set PGOOD Thresholds R80, R82, R84 RISING = 2.85V FALLING = 2.25V Sets Rising/Falling Thresholds for the LTC2935-2's Generated PGOOD Signal Which Switches HGND = BGND. NOTE: Only One Hysteresis Jumper (R84, R85, R86) Should be Installed at a Time. See Table 8 R93-R98 Balance OFF/ON R93-R95 Active Balancing Disabled Disables/Enables Active Balancing Using the BAL Pin of a Supercapacitor. Install R93-R95 to Disable Balancing or Install R96-R98 to Enable Balancing. Only One Group Can be Populated at Once. The Default Capacitor Does Not Allow Balancing LTC3331 LTC2935-2 Sets Output Regulation Voltage Output. See Table 9 R15 Low Current Limit Disables/Enables Maximum Power Point Control for Efficient Energy-Harvesting. The Activation Point for the MPP Comparator is Programmable Using R18. The Nominal MPPC Current is 1.2A, so the Nominal Set Point is VMPPC = 1.2A * R18 Selects High/Low Battery Capacity Mode for the LTC3106. The Batteries Supplied with the Board are Considered Low-Capacity Sets Output Regulation Voltage Output. See Table 13 Sets Low-Dropout Regulated Voltage Output. See Table 11 Sets Current Limit for the LTC3330's Buck-Boost Switching Regulator. See Table 14 Sets Undervoltage Lockout Thresholds for the LTC3330's Buck Switching Regulator. See Table 15 Ties LDO_IN to VOUT_LTC3330 Sets Output Regulation Voltage Output. See Table 13 FLOAT = 4.0V Selects Battery Float Voltage and Connect/Disconnect Voltage Levels. CONNECT = 3.03V See Table 12 DISCONNECT = 2.70V Sets Current Limit for the LTC3331's Buck-Boost Switching Regulator. See Table 14 Sets Undervoltage Lockout Thresholds for the LTC3331's Buck Switching Regulator. See Table 15 dc2509af DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Transducers Solar Cells TEG The DC2509A allows solar cells to be connected using the energy harvesting transducer input turrets. Some options for solar cells are listed in Table 17. Power from a TEG is generated based on a temperature differential across its surfaces. However, without proper thermal management, a temperature applied to one side will eventually permeate through the device and even out the thermal gradient across the junction, reducing power output. The LTC3106 operates near the maximum power point of the cells in parallel using the undervoltage threshold function on its RUN pin. This function is enabled/disabled using R3/R4 and configured using R1/R2. See Table 16 for details. LTC3330 and LTC3331 are able to regulate their input near the max power point of a solar panel using a UVLO function. The UVLO rising and falling thresholds can be configured to straddle the VMPP of solar cells in order to extract max power. See Table 15 for details. As a result, proper heat sinking is necessary in applications where the thermal gradient is created by the differential between the ambient temperature and one other temperature source. In these applications, the heat sink helps to keep one side of the device near room temperature. In applications where two temperature sources are present (excluding ambient temperature), heat sinking may not be necessary. For example, if one hot and one cold source are near each other and a TEG is placed between them, the sources will hold each side of the TEG near their temperature, and a heat sink is not needed. Table 17. Recommended Solar Cells MPP OUTPUT (600 LUX) VMPP (V) IMPP (A) PMPP (W) MANUFACTURER/PART NUMBER SUGGESTED IC 3.28 27 89 China Solar LTD, KS-3726-8 LTC3106 (Single/Parallel) LTC3330/LTC3331 (Series) 0.49 457 224 Fujikura, FDSC-FTC6 LTC3106 (MPP function) 1.64 122 200 Panasonic, AM-5412CAR LTC3106 (RUN function) dc2509af 31 DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Transducers Piezoelectric or High-Z AC Input The energy harvesting input turrets allow users to connect a piezoelectric, or any other high-impedance AC or DC energy harvesting device, to the rectified AC1 and AC2 inputs of the LTC3330 and LTC3331. Sources routed to these inputs have the option to be configured in voltage doubler or full-wave rectifier mode. For voltage doubler configuration, one side of the device is grounded while the other is routed to an IC's AC1 or AC2 input. This general configuration is shown in Figure 21a. In voltage doubler mode, the UVLO window should be set to the open circuit voltage of the piezo device. Figure 21a. Voltage Doubler Mode For full-wave rectifier configuration, the device is routed across an IC's AC1 and AC2 inputs. This general configuration is shown in Figure 21c. In full-wave rectifier mode, the UVLO window should be set to approximately half the open circuit voltage of the piezo device. Figure 21b shows the internal rectifier circuit that is common to both the LTC3330 and the LTC3331. This input is capable of accepting power from a wide range of AC or DC sources. Figure 21b. LTC3330 and LTC3331 Internal Rectifier Figure 21c. Full-Wave Rectifier Mode Figure 21. 32 dc2509af DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Parts List ITEM QTY REFERENCE PART DESCRIPTION MANUFACTURER/PART NUMBER LTC3106 Circuit Components 1 2 C1, C2 CAP, CHIP, 100F, 10V, 20%, X5R, 1206 TDK, C3216X5R1A107M160AC 2 1 C3 CAP, CHIP, 4.7F, 10V, 10%, X7R, 0805 WURTH, 885 012 207 025 3 2 C4, C5 CAP, CHIP, 47F, 10V, 20%, X5R, 1206 WURTH, 885 012 108 012 4 1 C6 CAP, CHIP, 0.1F, 10V, 10%, X7R, 0603 WURTH, 885 012 206 020 5 1 C34 CAP, CHIP, X7R, 2.2F, 10%, 10V, 0603 WURTH, 885012206027 6 1 D2 DIODE SCHOTTKY 20V, 1A, SOD-323 NXP, PMEG2010EA 7 1 D3 DIODE ZENER (5.1V, 55mA, REVERSE) CENTRAL, CMHZ4689 8 1 L1 INDUCTOR, SHIELDED 15H, 1.03A, 0.22, 4.8mm x 4.8mm WURTH, 744042150 9 2 R1, R18 RES, CHIP, 2.37M, 1%, 1/10W, 0603 VISHAY, CRCW06032M37FKEA 10 1 R2 RES, CHIP, 453k, 1%, 1/10W, 0603 VISHAY, CRCW0603453KFKEA 11 1 R5 RES, CHIP, 1M, 1/10W, 1%, 0603 PANASONIC, ERJ-3EKF1004V 12 1 U1 LOW QUIESCENT CURRENT, BUCK-BOOST POWER MANAGER WITH MPPC LINEAR TECH, LTC3106EUDC LTC3107 Circuit Components 13 1 C7 CAP, TANTALUM-POLYMER, 330F, 6.3V, 20% PANASONIC, 6TPE330MIL 14 1 C8 CAP, CHIP, 1000pF, 50V, 10%, X7R, 0603 WURTH, 885 012 206 083 15 1 C9 CAP, CHIP, 330pF, 50V, 10%, X7R, 0603 WURTH, 885 012 206 080 16 2 C10, C13 CAP, CHIP, 10F, 6.3V, 20%, X5R, 0603 WURTH, 885 012 106 006 17 1 C11 CAP, CHIP, X5R, 2.2F, 6.3V, 20%, 0603 WURTH, 885 012 106 004 18 1 C12 CAP, TANTALUM-POLYMER, 220F, 6.3V, 20% PANASONIC, 6TPE220MI 19 1 C35 CAP, CHIP, X5R, 0.1F, 20%, 10V, 0402 WURTH, 885 012 105 010 20 1 R19 RES, CHIP, 499k, 1/10W, 0603 PANASONIC, ERJ-3EKF4993V 21 1 T1 TRANSFORMER, 100:1 TURNS RATIO, 6.0mm x 6.0mm WURTH, 74488540070 22 1 U2 ULTRALOW VOLTAGE ENERGY HARVESTER/PRIMARY BATTERY LIFE EXTENDER LINEAR TECH, LTC3107EDD 23 1 U6 IC, ULTRALOW POWER SUPERVISOR WITH POWERFAIL OUTPUT, TSOT-23 LINEAR TECH, LTC2935CTS8-2 LTC3330 Circuit Components 24 1 C14 CAP, CHIP, X5R, 22F, 20%, 25V, 1210 WURTH, 885 012 109 014 25 2 C15, C17 CAP, CHIP, X5R, 1F, 20%, 6.3V, 0402 WURTH, 885 012 105 006 26 1 C16 CAP, CHIP, X5R, 4.7F, 20%, 6.3V, 0603 WURTH, 885 012 106 005 27 2 C18, C21 CAP, CHIP, X5R, 22F, 20%, 6.3V, 1206 WURTH, 885 012 108 003 28 1 C19 CAP, CHIP, X5R, 150F, 20%, 6.3V, 1210 SAMSUNG, CL32A157MQVNNNE 29 1 C20 CAP, CHIP, 10F, 6.3V, 20%, X5R, 0603 WURTH, 885 012 106 006 30 1 L2 INDUCTOR, 100H , 0.51A, 0.60, 4.8mm x 4.8mm WURTH, 744043101 31 1 L3 INDUCTOR, 22H, 1.00A, 0.37, 4mm x 4.5mm WURTH, 744773122 32 1 U3 ENERGY HARVESTING DC/DC WITH BATTERY BACKUP LINEAR TECH, LTC3330EUH LTC3331 Circuit Components 33 1 C22 CAP, CHIP, X5R, 22F, 20%, 25V, 1210 WURTH, 885 012 109 014 34 1 C23 CAP, CHIP, X5R, 1F, 20%, 6.3V, 0402 WURTH, 885 012 105 006 35 1 C24 CAP, CHIP, X5R, 4.7F, 20%, 6.3V, 0603 WURTH, 885 012 106 005 dc2509af 33 DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Parts List ITEM QTY REFERENCE PART DESCRIPTION MANUFACTURER/PART NUMBER 36 1 C26 CAP, CHIP, X5R, 22F, 20%, 6.3V, 1206 WURTH, 885 012 108 003 37 1 C27 CAP, CHIP, X5R, 150F, 20%, 6.3V, 1210 SAMSUNG, CL32A157MQVNNNE 38 1 C25 CAP, CHIP, X5R, 0.1F, 20%, 10V, 0402 WURTH, 885 012 105 010 39 1 D1 DIODE, SCHOTTKY, 30V, 0.1A, SOD-523 CENTRAL, CMOSH-3 40 1 L4 INDUCTOR, 100H , 0.51A, 0.60, 4.8mm x 4.8mm WURTH, 744043101 41 1 L5 INDUCTOR, 22H, 1.00A, 0.37, 4mm x 4.5mm WURTH, 744773122 42 1 Q1 SMT, BIPOLAR, PNP, 40V, SOT-23 CENTRAL, CMPT3906E 43 1 Q2 SMT, DUAL MOSFET, N-CHANNEL/P-CHANNEL, 60V, SuperSOT-6 FAIRCHILD, NDC7001C 44 1 R72 RES, CHIP, 113, 1/16W,1%, 0402 VISHAY, CRCW0402113RFKED 45 2 R73, R75 RES, CHIP, 1M, 1/16W,1%, 0402 VISHAY, CRCW04021M00FKED 46 1 R74 RES, CHIP, 100k, 1/16W,1%, 0402 VISHAY, CRCW0402100KFKED 47 1 R76 RES, CHIP, 3.01k, 1/16W,1%, 0402 VISHAY, CRCW04023K01FKED 48 1 R77 RES, CHIP, 100, 1/16W,1%, 0402 VISHAY, CRCW0402100RFKED 49 1 U4 NANOPOWER BUCK-BOOST DC/DC WITH EH BATTERY CHARGER LINEAR TECH, LTC3331EUH Switched Output and Signal Buffering Components 50 1 C28 CAP, CHIP, X5R, 0.1F, 20%, 10V, 0402 WURTH, 885 012 105 010 51 1 Q3 N-CHANNEL MOSFET, 30V, SOT23 ZETEX, ZXMN2F30FH 52 11 Q4-Q14 DUAL MOSFET 20V N-TYPE/P-TYPE VISHAY, SI1553CDL-T1-GE3 53 1 R91 RES, CHIP, 3M, 1%, 1/10W, 0603 VISHAY, CRCW06033M00FKEA 54 24 R92, R100-R113, R120-R128 RES, CHIP, 10M, 1%, 1/10W, 0603 VISHAY, CRCW060310M0FKEA 55 1 U5 IC, ULTRALOW POWER SUPERVISOR WITH POWER-FAIL OUTPUT, TSOT-23 LINEAR TECH, LTC2935CTS8-2 Power Sources and Energy Storage Components 56 1 BAT1 CR2032 COIN LI-ION BATTERY ENERGIZER , CR2032VP 57 1 BAT2 COIN LI-ION BATTERY Lir2032 POWERSTREAM, Lir2032 58 2 BTH1, BTH2 BATTERY HOLDER COIN CELL 2032 SMD WURTH, 79527141 59 1 C30 SUPERCAP, 15mF, -20%, +80%, 5.5V, SMD AVX, BZ055B153ZSB 60 10 CO1-CO10 CAP, CHIP, X5R, 150F, 20%, 6.3V, 1210 SAMSUNG, CL32A157MQVNNNE Additional Demo Board Circuit Components 61 0 C31 (OPT) SUPERCAP, 85mF, 5.0V, 20mm x 18mm CAP-XX, GA209F 62 0 C32, C33 (OPT) CAP, CHIP, X5R, 0.1F, 20%, 10V, 0402 WURTH, 885 012 105 010 63 0 D4-D7 (OPT) DIODE, SCHOTTKY, 40V, 1A, SOD-123 DIODES INC, 1N5819HW-7-F 64 0 R87, R88 (OPT) RES, CHIP, 7.5k, 1/16W, 1%, 0402 VISHAY, CRCW04027K50FKED Hardware: For Demo Board Only 65 19 E1-E19 TURRET, 0.061 DIA MILL-MAX, 2308-2 66 1 J1 2x10, 20-PIN, SMT RIGHT ANGLE SOCKET WITH KEY (PIN 14), 0.100" SAMTEC, SMH-110-02-L-D-14 67 1 J2 2x6, 12-PIN, SMT RIGHT ANGLE SOCKET WITH KEY (PIN 5), 0.100" SAMTEC, SMH-106-02-L-D-05 68 8 JP1-JP4, JP5-JP8 SMT HEADER, 2 PINS, 2mm SAMTEC, TMM-102-01-F-S-SM 69 2 JP17 SMT HEADER, 6 TOTAL PINS, 2 ROWS, 2mm WURTH, 621 006 219 21 34 dc2509af DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Parts List ITEM QTY REFERENCE PART DESCRIPTION MANUFACTURER/PART NUMBER 70 1 JP18 SMT HEADER, 8 TOTAL PINS, 2 ROWS, 2mm WURTH, 621 008 219 21 71 1 JP19 HEADER, 3 PINS, 2mm WURTH, 620 003 111 21 72 1 JP20 HEADER, 4 PINS, 2mm WURTH, 620 004 111 21 73 1 JP21 HEADER, 4 TOTAL PINS, 2 ROWS, 2mm WURTH, 620 004 211 21 74 7 JP3, JP7, JP17B, JP18C, JP19, SHUNT 2MM JP20, JP21A WURTH, 608 002 134 21 75 1 PB1 WURTH, 434111025826 76 34 RES, CHIP, 0, 0603 R3, R6, R9, R10, R12, R15, R16, R20, R23, R25, R26, R28, R31, R32, R35, R37, R39, R41, R42, R44, R46, R49, R51, R53, R55, R56, R58, R61, R63, R65, R67, R68, R70, R89 VISHAY, CRCW06030000Z0EA 77 0 RES, CHIP, 0, 0603 R4, R7, R8, R11, R13, R14, R17, R21, R22, R24, R27, R29, R30, R33, R34, R36, R38, R40, R43, R45, R47, R48, R50, R52, R54, R57, R59, R60, R62, R64, R66, R69, R71, R90, R99 (OPT) VISHAY, CRCW06030000Z0EA 78 0 R78, R79, R81, R83, R85, R86, RES, CHIP, 0, 0402 R96, R97, R98, R114, R117, R119 (OPT) VISHAY, CRCW04020000Z0ED 79 9 R80, R82, R84, R93, R94, R95, RES, CHIP, 0, 0402 R115, R116, R118 VISHAY, CRCW04020000Z0ED 80 3 SW1, SW4, SW7 DP3T SLIDE SWITCH, 12mm x 3.5mm, 0.2A 12VDC COPAL, CL-SB-23A-02T 81 1 SW2 4PDT SLIDE SWITCH, 16.5mm x 7mm, 0.1A 30VDC ALPS, SSSF040800 82 1 DPDT SLIDE SWITCH, 8.5mm x 3.5mm, 0.2A 12VDC COPAL, CL-SB-22A-01T 83 0.001 ELECTRICAL TAPE, 3/4" x 1/2" 3M, 33+ SUPER (3/4" x 66') 84 4 STANDOFF x6 (OPT) STANDOFF, HEX .625"L, 4-40, THR NYLON KEYSTONE, 1902F 85 4 SCREW x6 (OPT) SCREW, MACH, PHIL, 4-40, .250 IN, NYLON B&F FASTENER SUPPLY, NY PMS 440 0025 PH 86 1 - FAB, PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD DEMO CIRCUIT 2509A 87 1 - STENCIL - TOP STENCIL #2590A-TOP 88 1 - STENCIL - BOTTOM STENCIL #2509A-BOTTOM SWITCH TACTILE, SPST-NO, 0.05A 12V - Skipped Reference Designators (to Match DC2344A) 89 0 C29 (DOES NOT EXIST) - - 90 0 JP9-JP16 (DOES NOT EXIST) - - 91 0 SW3, SW5, SW6 (DOES NOT EXIST) - - dc2509af 35 DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Schematic Diagram 5 4 BATTERY SELECTION SENSE+_PRI 3 2 EHVCC SELECTION LTC3106 BATTERY 1 0 SENSE+_SEC 2 3 1 7 0 9 1 VCC_LTC3106 10 0 JP5 1 D4 2 JP2 1 4 D D5 JP6 5 SEC DEFAULT REGULATION: 3.3V, <50mA 2 E1 1N5819HW SOD-123 OPT E2 JP4 EHVCC EHVCC JP8 VBAT_LTC3331 SEC BAT2 SECONDARY CERAMIC CAPACITOR ENERGY STORAGE VOUT_LTC3330 2 D7 1 SUPERCAP ENERGY STORAGE VOUT_LTC3331 2 1N5819HW SOD-123 OPT 2 I VBAT_LTC3330 PRI + I D6 1 JP7 SW7 DP3T 0: OFF 1: ON 2: DC2321A Coulomb Counter 2 BAT1 PRIMARY + JP3 OUTPUT: 1.2V-5.5V SENSE-_SEC 1 0 TP9 PRI 1 TP8 VBAT_LTC3107 PRI 1 4PDT SSSF040800 1 2 1 0 SENSE-_PRI 2 1N5819HW SOD-123 OPT 0 6 VOUT_LTC3107 PRI_LTC3106 1 SW2 VOUT_LTC3106 1N5819HW SOD-123 OPT VBAT_LTC3106 PRI / SEC 0: Primary 1: Secondary (LTC3331 NO BAT) 11 12 JP1 EHVCC VBAT 8 D 1 SUPERCAP CONNECT 0 CER CAP CONNECT C OPTIONAL ENERGY STORAGE CERAMIC CAPACITORS CO4 150uF 6.3V 1210 20% CO5 150uF 6.3V 1210 20% CO6 150uF 6.3V 1210 20% CO7 150uF 6.3V 1210 20% CO8 150uF 6.3V 1210 20% CO9 150uF 6.3V 1210 20% CO10 150uF 6.3V 1210 20% 2 7.5k + C31 85mF 5.0V GA209F 20mm x 18mm OPT C30 15mF 5.5V BZ055B153ZSB 2 DP3T CL-SB-23A-02T OPT 0402 PGOOD_LTC3330 PGOOD_LTC3331 KEY SENSE-_PRI SENSE+_PRI SENSE-_SEC LDO_EN_LTC3330 RSVD EHORBAT I/O 2 I/O 1 +5V V+ VBAT 10 PGOOD_LTC3106 11 PGOOD_LTC3107 12 PGVOUT_LTC3330 13 PGVOUT_LTC3331 Q11B 5 12 R128 10M 0603 9 10 R120 10M 0603 JP17 JP17A JP17B Q11A Si1553CDL JP17C 2 SENSE+_PRI 17 SENSE-_SEC 18 SENSE+_SEC 5 R122 10M 0603 JP18 JP18A EH_ON_LTC3331_IC R121 HDR-2MM-DUAL-SMT 10M E7 0603 OPT EH_ON PGVOUT_LTC3330_IC JP18D R123 10M 0603 OPT - INSTALL SHUNTS ON JUMPERS AS SHOWN. - ALL RESISTORS ARE IN OHMS, 0603. - ALL CAPACITORS ARE IN MICROFARADS, 0603. PGVOUT_LTC3331_IC HDR-2MM-DUAL-SMT E3 E4 BGND E8 PGOOD BGND LTC2935-2 VOUT_LTC3330 4 E5 HGND 7 6 HGND 5 VCC S0 MR S1 RST S2 PFO GND R82 0 5 R79 DNP R81 DNP R83 DNP LDO_IN_LTC3330 R124 10M 0603 R126 10M 0603 Q14A 6 R80 0 2 Q13A R125 10M Si1553CDL 0603 R91 3M 0603 5% 5 R127 10M 0603 LDO_EN_LTC3330 R92 10M 0603 D D 2 1 CUSTOMER NOTICE 4 2.85V Rising 2.25V Falling R84 0 R85 DNP R86 DNP 2 THIS CIRCUIT IS PROPRIETARY TO LINEAR TECHNOLOGY AND SUPPLIED FOR USE WITH LINEAR TECHNOLOGY PARTS. 3 2 3.30V 3.15V 3.00V 2.85V 2.70V 2.55V 2.40V 2.25V 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 3.45V 3.30V 3.15V 3.00V 2.85V 2.70V 2.55V 2.40V A LTC Confidential-For Customer Use Only TITLE: SCHEMATIC MULTI-SOURCE EH DEMOBOARD WITH BATTERY CHARGERS AND LIFE - EXTENDERS FOR USE WITH DC2321A DUST DEMOBOARD SIZE IC NO. DATE: 12 - 8- 15 N/A SCALE = NONE 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 TECHNOLOGY Fax: (408)434-0507 NC ZP 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1630 McCarthy Blvd. Milpitas, CA 95035 Phone: (408)432-1900 www.linear.com APPROVALS LINEAR TECHNOLOGY HAS MADE A BEST EFFORT TO DESIGN A CIRCUIT THAT MEETS CUSTOMER-SUPPLIED SPECIFICATIONS; HOWEVER, IT REMAINS THE CUSTOMER'S RESPONSIBILITY TO PCB DES. VERIFY PROPER AND RELIABLE OPERATION IN THE ACTUAL APPLICATION. COMPONENT SUBSTITUTION AND PRINTED APP ENG. CIRCUIT BOARD LAYOUT MAY SIGNIFICANTLY AFFECT CIRCUIT PERFORMANCE OR RELIABILITY. CONTACT LINEAR TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS ENGINEERING FOR ASSISTANCE. /RST 4 Si1553CDL 2 PGLDO_LTC3330 THRESHOLD SELECTION RESET POWER-FAIL S0 S1 S2 THRESH THRESH Q14B 3 3 E6 C28 0.1uF 16V 0402 R78 DNP Q13B 3 LTC2935-2 8 5 PGOOD_LTC3107_IC JP18C 2 Q12A Si1553CDL PGOOD_LTC3106_IC JP18B EH_ON_LTC3330_IC EHVCC GND SENSE-_PRI 16 U5 LTC2935CTS8-2 36 Q12B BAT_OFF_LTC3107_IC 'D' DESIGNATES DEFAULT SETTINGS 15 LOW-POWER SUPERVISOR WITH SELECTABLE THRESHOLDS 1 NOTES: (UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED) 14 A Q3 ZXMN2F30FH SOT23 B EHVCC 8 DUST HEADER 2X6 SMH-106-02-L-D-05 7 SIGNAL SELECTION EHVCC 6 20 9 11 6 4 LDO_OUT_LTC3330 VBAT EM HEADER 2X10 SAMTEC-SMH-110-02-L-D 19 1 GND SENSE+_SEC PGLDO_LTC3330 8 KEY 2 4 4 PGOOD_LTC3107 6 7 PGOOD 3 PGOOD_LTC3106 EH_ON_LTC3331 5 NC GND 6 NC 5 BAL_LTC3331 R93 0 0402 1 NC EH_ON_LTC3330 HDR-2MM-DUAL VSUPPLY 3 LDO_EN_LTC3330 BAT_OFF_LTC3107 4 3 1 PGLDO_LTC3330 LDO_OUT_LTC3330 3 R95 0 0402 C33 OPT 0.1uF 10V 0402 J2 1 1 EH_ON_LTC3331 2 4 EH_ON_LTC3330 R94 0 0402 JP21 6 BAT_OFF_LTC3107 B DP3T CL-SB-23A-02T JP21B 3 EHVCC SCAP_LTC3331 R98 DNP 0402 BAL_LTC3330 R96 DNP 0402 R88 OPT 7.5k 0402 SCAP_LTC3330 2 JP21A EHVCC J1 SW4 3 BAL 0: OFF 1: VMCU --> Cap Storage 2: VSTORE_LTC3107 --> Cap Storage HEADER CONNECTIONS C32 0.1uF 10V 0402 OPT C VOUT_LTC3331 R97 DNP 0402 0 1 R87 1 SW1 VOUT_LTC3330 2 VSTORE_LTC3107 0 1 CO3 150uF 6.3V 1210 20% 1 2 CO2 150uF 6.3V 1210 20% 0: OFF 1: LTC3330 --> SUPERCAP 2: LTC3331 --> SUPERCAP 0 1 CO1 150uF 6.3V 1210 20% 1 EHVCC REV. DEMO CIRCUIT 2509A 1 SHEET 1 OF 2 1 dc2509af DEMO MANUAL DC2509A Schematic Diagram 5 4 3 L1 15uH VOUT_LTC3106 C4 47uF 10V 1206 D2 1 LTC3106 14 'ON' R90 DNP C5 47uF 10V 1206 VCC_LTC3106 1 APPROVED DATE PRODUCTION ZP 12 - 8- 15 330mV - 5.0V < 50mA D3 CMHZ4689 5.1V LTC3106 E10 R2 453k VCC_LTC3106 VOUT JUMPER CONFIGURATION OS1 OS2 VOUT 0 0 1.8V 3.0V 0 1 D 3.3V 1 0 1 1 5.0V R6 0 RUN R10 0 R8 DNP R7 DNP R9 0 VCC_LTC3106 R14 DNP 'HIGH' R12 0 R11 DNP R13 DNP R15 0 'LOW' R16 0 'OFF' ILIMSEL MPPC R17 DNP 'ON' VSTORE JUMPER CONFIGURATION SS1 SS2 VSTORE 2.07V 0 0 0 1 2.9V 1 0 3.015V 1 1 4.0V D R18 2.37M 10 9 SS2 VCC C2 100uF 10V 1206 6 OS2 SS1 4 R3 0 'ON' 5 OS1 VCAP C6 0.1uF 10V 0603 SOLAR ENERGY HARVESTER WITH PRI & SEC BATTERIES VAUX ENVSTR 19 HIGH CAPACITY 3 17 VSTORE R4 DNP 'OFF' 1 NC 12 ILIMSEL GND 'OFF' R89 0 R101 10M 0603 Q4A Si1553CDL 2.0V - 4.2V PRI C1 100uF 10V 1206 DESCRIPTION BGND 13 RUN PGOOD C34 2.2uF 10V 0603 R1 2.37M VBAT_LTC3106 16 VIN - VIN C3 4.7uF 10V 0805 REVISION HISTORY REV 8 MPP 15 PGOOD_LTC3106 SW2 18 SW1 VBAT_LTC3106 20 GND 6 11 2 3 D 7 PRI_LTC3106 21 4 Q4B U1 LTC3106EUDC VOUT R5 1M PGOOD_LTC3106_IC R100 10M 0603 5 2 1 ECO E9 744 042 150 PMEG2010EA TP1 PGOOD_LTC3106_IC 2 D LTC3107 LTC2935-2 PGOOD SELECTION 2 VSTORE_LTC3107 6 4 R103 10M 0603 1 5 6 3 2 Q5A Si1553CDL R104 10M 0603 C35 0.1uF 10V U6 LTC2935CTS8-2 8 VCC 7 Q6B Si1553CDL 2 Q6A 6 R105 10M 0603 1 3 BAT_OFF_LTC3107 VSTORE 3 Q5B PGOOD_LTC3107 5 3 S0 MR S1 RST S2 2 1 R114 DNP 0402 R116 0 0402 R118 0 0402 R115 0 0402 R117 DNP 0402 R119 DNP 0402 C12 220uF 6TPE220MI 6.3V 4 PFO GND PGOOD_LTC3107_IC C8 VBATT 5 C13 10uF 0603 6.3V C11 2.2uF 0603 6.3V VLDO 30mV - 500mV 3 R19 DEFAULT: S0 = 0, S1 = 1, S2 = 1 FALLING = 2.7V, RISING = 2.85V 2 + 499K C7 330uF 6TPE330MIL E12 LTC3330 BGND LDO VOLTAGE SELECTION LDO2 LDO1 LDO 0 LDO_OUT 0 0 0 1.2V 1 0 0 1.5V 0 1 0 1.8V 0 1 1 2.0V 1 0 0 2.5V 1 0 1 3.0V D 1 1 0 3.3V = LDO_IN 1 1 1 10 SW 4 VIN 74488540070 C9 330pF VOUT (SEE LTC2935-2 THRESHOLD SELECTION TABLE ON PAGE 1) E11 1 1nF 9 C2 100:1 4 + 2.0V - 4.0V TP2 PGOOD_LTC3107_IC U2 LTC3107EDD T1 8 C1 1 VAUX GND VOUT_LTC3107 BAT_OFF LTC3107 C10 10uF 0603 6 R102 10M 0603 7 GND 4 5 BAT_OFF_LTC3107_IC 11 TP5 BAT_OFF_LTC3107_IC VOUT_LTC3107 TEG ENERGY HARVESTER WITH PRI BATTERY VBAT_LTC3107 VOUT_LTC3330 4 R106 10M 0603 5 Si1553CDL 2 10 C15 1uF C16 0402 6.3V 4.7uF 0603 6.3V R107 10M 0603 1 3 Q7A EH_ON_LTC3330 29 VIN: 3V - 19V C14 22uF 1210 25V 6 Q7B EH_ON_LTC3330_IC EH_ON_LTC3330_IC TP6 C18 C17 1uF 0402 6.3V 22uF 11 VIN2_LTC3330 3 VIN3_LTC3330 26 16 1206 6.3V VBAT_LTC3330 PGLDO_LTC3330 12 UV2 UV1 OUT2 UV0 EH_ON AC1 VIN AC2 PGVOUT VIN2 SCAP VIN3 BAL BAT IPK0 R30 DNP R28 0 R27 DNP R29 DNP LTC3330 and LTC3331 R41 0 R43 DNP R45 DNP UVLO SELECTION UVLO UVLO UV3 UV2 UV1 UV0 RISING FALLING 7 E13 8 9 E14 CAUTION: 50mA MAX TP3 PGVOUT_LTC3330_IC PGVOUT_LTC3330_IC 28 2 SCAP_LTC3330 1 BAL_LTC3330 17 VIN3_LTC3330 2 19 R32 0 R34 DNP R36 DNP R33 DNP R35 0 R37 0 R109 10M 0603 INPUT: 0V OR LDO_IN (5.5V MAX) PGVOUT_LTC3330 E19 OUTPUT: 1.2V-5.5V LDO_IN LDO_IN_LTC3330 INPUT: 1.8V-5.5V E17 L5 L4 100uH 3 4.7uF R74 R75 100k 1M 0402 1uF 0402 6.3V C25 0.1uF 0402 10V CHARGE FAST CHRG CHARGE OFF JP20 11 VIN2_LTC3331 3 VIN3_LTC3331 26 27 R76 3.01k 16 BB_IN 20 0402 PB1 START R77 100 0402 VBAT_LTC3331 C26 22uF 1206 6.3V 4 UV3 SW 12 14 SWB 15 AC1 AC2 CAP VIN2 R71 DNP 7 PGVOUT E15 8 9 CAUTION: 50mA MAX E16 SCAP CHARGE BAL BB_IN R112 10M 0603 2 SCAP_LTC3331 1 BAL_LTC3331 BAT_OUT BAT_IN 25 SHIP IPK1 IPK2 5 2 R113 10M 0603 17 19 PLACE JP19 IN SHIP POSITION WHEN BOARD IS NOT IN USE. R110 10M 0603 4 BB_IN R56 0 R53 0 R55 0 R57 DNP TP7 EH_ON_LTC3331_IC EH_ON_LTC3331_IC Q9A Q9B Si1553CDL 2 R111 10M 0603 R60 DNP R62 DNP R61 0 R63 0 NC APP ENG. ZP EH_ON_LTC3331 4 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 3.45V 4.0V 4.1V 4.2V 3.45V 4.0V 4.1V 4.2V 2.35V 3.03V 3.03V 3.03V 2.85V 3.53V 3.53V 3.53V 3.02V 3.70V 3.70V 3.70V N/A N/A N/A N/A 2.04V 2.70V 2.70V 2.70V 2.51V 3.20V 3.20V 3.20V A 1630 McCarthy Blvd. Milpitas, CA 95035 Phone: (408)432-1900 www.linear.com LTC Confidential-For Customer Use Only TITLE: SCHEMATIC MULTI-SOURCE EH DEMOBOARD WITH BATTERY CHARGERS AND LIFE - EXTENDERS FOR USE WITH DC2321A DUST DEMOBOARD N/A 3 **BATTERY CHARGE CURRENT R72 I_CHRG D 113 5mA 75.0 7.5mA 56.2 10mA TECHNOLOGY Fax: (408)434-0507 SIZE SCALE = NONE 5 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 APPROVALS PCB DES. 3 R54 DNP R58 0 R59 DNP 1 R52 DNP 5 B FLOAT SELECTION AND BATTERY CONNECTION THRESHOLDS CONNECT FLOAT DISCONNECT EH PB1 D 18 3V 4V 5V 6V 7V 5V 9V 5V 11V 5V 13V 5V 15V 5V 17V 5V LBSEL FLOAT1 FLOAT0 PGVOUT_LTC3331 VOUT_LTC3331 JP19 LTC3331 Q10B Si1553CDL VIN3_LTC3331 RUN *AC2 Q10A PGVOUT_LTC3331_IC IPK0 21 *AC1 PGVOUT_LTC3331_IC VOUT_LTC3331 TP4 28 4V 5V 6V 7V 8V 8V 10V 10V 12V 12V 14V 14V 16V 16V 18V 18V 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 OUTPUT VOLTAGE SELECTION 6 VIN3 22 SHIP UV0 VIN LBSEL SHIP R69 DNP OUT2 6 1 2 5 1 0402 C24 0603 6.3V Q2A NDC7001C Q2B NDC7001C D1 CMOSH-3 C23 R67 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 OUT2 OUT1 OUT0 VOUT 1.8V 0 0 0 0 2.5V 0 1 0 2.8V 1 0 3.0V 0 1 1 3.3V 1 0 0 D 3.6V 1 1 0 4.5V 1 1 0 5.0V 1 1 1 5 4 2 2 3 4 Q1 CMPT3906E 1 R73 1M 0402 6 **SEE TABLE 10 C22 22uF 1210 25V R65 *AC1 & AC2 INPUT (LTC3330 & LTC3331) VIN IIN 4V < Vpk < 19V < 50 mA Vpk > 19V < 25 mA 3 3V - 19V R72 113 0402 R70 0 0 UV2 UV1 U4 LTC3331EUH OUT1 R68 0 6 32 R66 DNP 1 31 GND R51 0 EH_ON R49 0 R64 DNP 29 R47 DNP VOUT HI-Z AC, PIEZO, & SOLAR ENERGY HARVESTER WITH SEC BATTERY OUT0 FLOAT0 30 SWA 13 R50 DNP R48 DNP FLOAT1 R46 0 LTC3331 VIN2_LTC3331 744 043 101 33 VIN3_LTC3331 22uH 744 773 122 C27 150uF 1210 6.3V 20% 24 VOUT 3.3V 1.8V - 5.0V 50mA 23 VOUT_LTC3331 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 C ILM SELECTION INSTALL IPK2 IPK1 IPK0 ILIM 0 5mA 0 0 10mA 0 1 0 0 15mA 0 1 0 25mA 1 1 1 50mA 0 D 0 1 1 0 100mA 1 1 0 150mA 1 1 1 250mA LDO_OUT LDO_OUT_LTC3330 C21 22uF 1206 6.3V C20 10uF 6.3V 0603 *AC2 Q8B Si1553CDL 5 Q8A 18 *AC1 VOUT_LTC3330 R108 10M 0603 R99 DNP E18 LDO_EN_LTC3330 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 LDO_OUT VOUT_LTC3330 R31 0 B LDO_EN_LTC3330 LDO_IN LDO0 R44 0 R39 0 5 20 R26 0 LDO1 25 - INSTALL SHUNTS ON JUMPERS AS SHOWN. - ALL RESISTORS ARE IN OHMS, 0603. - ALL CAPACITORS ARE IN MICROFARADS, 0603. IPK2 LDO2 GND 24 PGLDO 21 23 33 22 LDO_EN 27 LDO_IN_LTC3330 4 CAP IPK1 NOTES: (UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED) A UV3 U3 LTC3330EUH OUT1 R42 0 3 32 OUT0 R40 DNP 6 31 R38 DNP 1 30 R25 0 14 R23 0 744 043 101 SW R21 DNP R24 DNP 15 R22 DNP SWB HI-Z AC, PIEZO, & SOLAR ENERGY HARVESTER WITH PRI BATTERY R20 0 VIN2_LTC3330 100uH SWA LTC3330 L2 13 C 22uH 744 773 122 C19 150uF 1210 6.3V VIN3_LTC3330 VOUT VOUT 3.3V 1.8V - 5.0V 50mA 4 L3 VOUT_LTC3330 DATE: 2 IC NO. REV. DEMO CIRCUIT 2509A 12 - 8 - 15 1 SHEET 2 OF 2 1 dc2509af Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights. 37 DEMO MANUAL DC2509A DEMONSTRATION BOARD IMPORTANT NOTICE Linear Technology Corporation (LTC) provides the enclosed product(s) under the following AS IS conditions: This demonstration board (DEMO BOARD) kit being sold or provided by Linear Technology is intended for use for ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT OR EVALUATION PURPOSES ONLY and is not provided by LTC for commercial use. As such, the DEMO BOARD herein may not be complete in terms of required design-, marketing-, and/or manufacturing-related protective considerations, including but not limited to product safety measures typically found in finished commercial goods. As a prototype, this product does not fall within the scope of the European Union directive on electromagnetic compatibility and therefore may or may not meet the technical requirements of the directive, or other regulations. If this evaluation kit does not meet the specifications recited in the DEMO BOARD manual the kit may be returned within 30 days from the date of delivery for a full refund. THE FOREGOING WARRANTY IS THE EXCLUSIVE WARRANTY MADE BY THE SELLER TO BUYER AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE. EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT OF THIS INDEMNITY, NEITHER PARTY SHALL BE LIABLE TO THE OTHER FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. The user assumes all responsibility and liability for proper and safe handling of the goods. Further, the user releases LTC from all claims arising from the handling or use of the goods. Due to the open construction of the product, it is the user's responsibility to take any and all appropriate precautions with regard to electrostatic discharge. Also be aware that the products herein may not be regulatory compliant or agency certified (FCC, UL, CE, etc.). No License is granted under any patent right or other intellectual property whatsoever. LTC assumes no liability for applications assistance, customer product design, software performance, or infringement of patents or any other intellectual property rights of any kind. LTC currently services a variety of customers for products around the world, and therefore this transaction is not exclusive. Please read the DEMO BOARD manual prior to handling the product. Persons handling this product must have electronics training and observe good laboratory practice standards. Common sense is encouraged. This notice contains important safety information about temperatures and voltages. For further safety concerns, please contact a LTC application engineer. Mailing Address: Linear Technology 1630 McCarthy Blvd. Milpitas, CA 95035 Copyright (c) 2004, Linear Technology Corporation 38 Linear Technology Corporation dc2509af LT 0916 * PRINTED IN USA 1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417 (408) 432-1900 FAX: (408) 434-0507 www.linear.com (c) LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 2016