Battery Power Applications Design Guide
Powering Your Portable Design
Design ideas in this guide are based on
many of Microchip’s Power Management products.
A complete device list and corresponding data sheets
for these products can be found at www.microchip.com.
www.microchip.com/battery
Analog and Interface Product Solutions
2
Battery Power Applications Design Guide
Product Specifications: Linear Regulators
Device
Max.
Input
Voltage
Output
Voltage (V)
Output
Current
(mA)
Typical
Active
Current (mA)
Typical Dropout
Voltage @ Max.
Iout (mV)
Features Packages
MCP1700 6.0 1.2-5.0 250 1.6 178 Shutdown, Power good output with
adjustable delay
3-pin SOT-23A/SOT-89,
3-pin TO-92
MCP1702 13.2 1.2-5.0 250 2 650 Low quiescent current 3-pin SOT-23A, 3-pin SOT-89,
TO-92-3
MCP1703 16 1.2-5.0 250 2 625 Low quiescent current 3-pin SOT-23A, 3-pin SOT 89,
3-pin SOT-223
MCP1725 6.0 0.8-5.0 500 120 210 Shutdown, Power good output with
adjustable delay 8-pin 2x3 DFN, SOIC-8 Pb-free
MCP1726 6.0 0.8-5.0 1000 140 250 Shutdown, Power good output with
adjustable delay 8-pin 2x3 DFN, SOIC-8 Pb-free
MCP1727 6.0 0.8-5.0 1000 140 330 Shutdown, Power good output with
adjustable delay 8-pin 2x3 DFN, SOIC-8 Pb-free
MCP1804 28 1.8-18 150 50 1300 Shutdown 3-pin SOT-23A, 3-pin SOT-89,
5-pin SOT-23, 5-pin SOT-89
MCP1824 6 0.8-5.0 300 120 200 Shutdown, Power good 5-pin SOT-223, 5-pin SOT-23
MCP1827/
MCP1827S 6.0 0.8-5.0 1500 120 330 Shutdown, Power good DDPAK-5, TO-220-5 Pb-free
TC1016 6.0 1.8-3.0 80 50 150 Shutdown 5-pin SC-70
TC1017 6.0 1.8-4.0 150 53 285 Shutdown 5-pin SC-70/SOT-23A
TC2185 6.0 1.8-3.3 150 55 140 Shutdown, Reference bypass input 5-pin SOT-23A
TC2186 6.0 1.8-3.3 150 55 140 Shutdown, Error output 5-pin SOT-23A
Linear Regulators
Closed loop control with linear regulators. Often the voltage
source is “incompatible” with the load. A buffer needs to be
placed between the source and load to regulate or control
the voltage and/or current.
Linear regulators provide closed loop control to “regulate”
the voltage at the load. A basic linear regulator has three
main components: an operational amplifier, a voltage
reference and a pass transistor. The main purpose of a linear
regulator is to produce a constant, accurate output voltage at
a lower magnitude than the input voltage.
Beyond the basics, linear regulators often offer additional
features: overcurrent protection, thermal protection and
reversed polarity protection to name a few.
Microchip offers a line of CMOS, low dropout linear
regulators. A low dropout regulator is a type of linear
regulator designed to minimize the saturation voltage
CIN
Battery
1 µF Ceramic
MCP1703
C
a
1 µF Ceramic
IN
N
MCP1703 Linear Regulator
of the output transistor and to minimize the gate drive
requirements. LDOs can operate with a very small input to
output differential.
MCP1703 Linear Regulator Features
■2.0 µA Typical Quiescent Current
■Input Operating Voltage Range: 2.7V to 16V
■Low Dropout Voltage:
– 625 mV (typ.) @ 250 mA (Vout = 2.8V)
■250 mA Output Current for Output Voltages ≥ 2.5V
■200 mA Output Current for Output Voltages < 2.5V
■High-Accuracy Output Voltage: ±2% (max.)
■Low Temperature Drift: ±100 ppm/°C (typ.)
■Excellent Line Regulation: 0.2%/V (typ.)
■Package Options: 3-pin SOT-23A, 3-pin SOT-89 and
3-pin SOT-223
■Short Circuit Protection and Thermal Shutdown Protection
■Stable with 1.0 mF to 22 mF Output Capacitance
DC/DC Conversion
Battery Power Applications Design Guide
3
Switch-mode Power Converter
Employing a switch-mode power converter. Another
approach to transferring the battery energy to the system
load is to employ a switch-mode power converter. The
primary advantage of a switch-mode power converter is that
it can, ideally, accomplish power conversion and regulation
at 100% efficiency. All power loss is due to non-ideal
components and power loss in the control circuit.
The buck converter is an inductor based switch-mode power
converter used to step-down an input source to a lower
magnitude output. The buck converter goes by many names:
voltage step-down converter, DC-to-DC converter, chopper
converter, etc. No matter what the name, inductor based,
buck derived, switch-mode converters account for 80% to
90% of all converters sold.
Microchip offers inductor based buck regulators and
controllers. The distinction is whether or not the switch
(MOSFET) is internal to the device (regulator) or controlled
externally (controller). The schematic represented here
depicts a MCP1601 buck regulator with its associated
external components.
Product Specifications: Switching Regulators/Controllers
Device Output Buck/Boost
Input
Voltage
Range (V)
Output
Voltage (V)
Control
Scheme Features Packages
MCP1601 Adjustable Step-Down 2.7-5.5 0.9 to Vin PWM/PFM/LDO UVLO, Auto switching, LDO 8-pin MSOP
MCP1603 Fixed or
Adjustable Step-Down 2.7-5.5 0.8-4.5 PFM/PWM
UVLO, Automatic PWM to PFM mode
transition, Overtemperature protection, Low
quiescent current, Low shutdown current
5-pin TSOT
8-pin 2x3 DFN
MCP1612 Adjustable Step-Down 2.7-5.5 0.8-5.5 PWM UVLO, Soft-start, 1.4 MHz, 1A 8-pin MSOP/DFN
TC105 Fixed Step-Down 2.2-10 3.0-5.0 PFM/PWM Low-power shutdown mode 5-pin SOT-23A
TC110 Fixed Step-Up 2.0-10 3.0-5.0 PFM/PWM Soft-start, Low-power shutdown mode 5-pin SOT-23A
TC115 Fixed Step-Up 0.9-10 3.0-5.0 PFM/PWM Feedback voltage sensing, Low-power
shutdown mode 5-pin SOT-89
TC1303A/
B/C
Fixed or
Adjustable Step-Down 2.7-5.5 0.8-4.5 PFM/PWM
UVLO, Overtemperature protection,
Output short circuit protection,
Power-good, Independent shut down,
Synchronous buck + LDO
10-pin DFN
10-pin MSOP
TC1304 Fixed or
Adjustable Step-Down 2.7-5.5 0.8-4.5 PFM/PWM
UVLO, Overtemperature protection,
Output short circuit protection,
Power-good, synchronous buck + LDO,
Sequenced startup and shutdown
10-pin DFN
10-pin MSOP
TC1313 Fixed or
Adjustable Step-Down 2.7-5.5 0.8-4.5 PFM/PWM
UVLO, Output short circuit protection
Overtemperature protection, Independent
shutdown for buck and LDO outputs
10-pin DFN
10-pin MSOP
VIN
Processor
RESET
V
IN
V
IN
P
eco
eSP
V
T
V
V
T
V
TC1303B
TC1303B Synchronous Buck Regulator + LDO Features
■Dual-Output Regulator (500 mA Buck Regulator and
300 mA Low-Dropout Regulator)
■Power-Good Output with 300 ms Delay
■Total Device Quiescent Current = 65 mA (typ.)
■Independent Shutdown for Buck and LDO Outputs
■Both Outputs Internally Compensated
■Synchronous Buck Regulator:
– Typical Efficiency: Over 90%
– 2.0 MHz Fixed-Frequency PWM (Heavy Load)
– Low Output Noise
– Automatic PWM/PFM Mode Transition
– Adjustable (0.8-4.5V) and Standard Fixed-Output
Voltages (0.8V, 1.2V, 1.5V, 1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V)
■Low-Dropout Regulator:
– Low-Dropout Voltage = 137 mV (Typical @ 200 mA)
– Standard Fixed-Output Voltages (1.5V, 1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V)
■Power-Good Function: TC1303B Monitors LDO Output
■Small 10-pin 3x3 DFN or MSOP Package Options
■Operating Junction Temperature Range: -40°C to +125°C
■UVLO (Under Voltage Lock Out)
■Output Short Circuit Protection
■Overtemperature Protection
■Excellent Bluetooth Applications
TC1303B Synchronous Buck Regulator
DC/DC Conversion
4
Battery Power Applications Design Guide
MCP1603 Synchronous Buck Regulator
The MCP1603 is a highly efficient, fully integrated 500
mA synchronous buck regulator whose 2.7V to 5.5V input
voltage range makes it ideally suited for applications
powered from 1-cell Li-Ion or 2-cell/3-cell NiMH/NiCd
batteries. At heavy loads, the MCP1603 operates in the 2.0
MHz fixed frequency PWM mode which provides a low noise,
low output ripple, small-size solution. When the load is
reduced to light levels, the MCP1603 automatically changes
operation to a PFM mode to minimize quiescent current draw
from the battery. No intervention is necessary for a smooth
transition from one mode to another. These two modes
of operation allow the MCP1603 to achieve the highest
efficiency over the entire operating current range.
The MCP1603 is available with either an adjustable or fixed
output voltage. The available fixed output voltage options are
1.2V, 1.5V, 1.8V, 2.5V and 3.3V. When a fixed option is used,
only three additional small external components are needed
to form a complete solution. Couple this with the low profile,
small foot print packages and the entire system solution is
achieved with minimal size. Additional protection features
include: UVLO, overtemperature and overcurrent protection.
MCP1603 Synchronous Buck Regulator Features
■Over 90% Typical Efficiency
■Output Current Up To 500 mA
■Low Quiescent Current = 45 μA, typical
■Low Shutdown Current = 0.1 μA, typical
■Adjustable Output Voltage: 0.8V to 4.5V
■Fixed Output Voltage:
– 1.2V, 1.5V, 1.8V, 2.5V, and 3.3V
■2.0 MHz Fixed-Frequency PWM (Heavy Load)
■Automatic PWM to PFM Mode Transition
■100% Duty Cycle Operation
■Internally Compensated
■Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO)
■Overtemperature Protection
■Space Saving Packages:
– 5-lead TSOT
– 8-pin 2x3 DFN
Applications
■Cellular Telephones
■Portable Computers
■Organizers/PDAs
■USB Powered Devices
■Digital Cameras
■Portable Equipment
■+5V or +3.3V Distributed Systems
MCP1603
VIN LX
VOUT
GND
DN
MCP1603 Synchronous Buck Regulator
DC/DC Conversion
Battery Power Applications Design Guide
5
Li-Ion Battery Charge Management Control
Linear charge management control. Far too often, the
battery charging system is given low priority, especially
in cost sensitive applications. However, the quality of the
charging system plays a key role in the life and reliability of
the battery.
Microchip offers a complete line of linear Li-Ion battery
chargers. The Li-Ion Charge Management Controllers provide
a reliable, low-cost and high accuracy voltage regulation
solution with few external components. In an effort to further
reduce the size, cost and complexity. The MCP7383X family
provides fully integrated charge management controllers for
single-cell Li-Ion and Li-Polymer batteries with four voltage
regulation options (4.2V, 4.35V, 4.40V, 4.50V) available.
In order to supply world-class portable devices, most
of Microchip’s Li-Ion Battery Management Controllers
are equipped with thermal regulation, reverse discharge
protection, safety charge timer and integrated current
sensing. The programmable constant charge current can
assist customers in meeting different applications with a
single resistor. Along with their small physical size, the low
number of external components required makes Microchip’s
battery management ICs ideally suited for portable
applications.
MCP73832 Battery Charger Features
■Linear Charge Management Controller
■Integrated Pass Transistor
■Integrated Current Sense
■Reverse Discharge Protection
■High Accuracy Preset Voltage Regulation: +0.75%
■Four Voltage Regulation Options:
– 4.20V, 4.35V, 4.40V and 4.50V
■Programmable Charge Current
■Selectable Preconditioning
■Selectable End-of-Charge Control
■Charge Status Output
■Automatic Power-Down
■Thermal Regulation
■Temperature Range: -40°C to +85°C
■Packaging:
– 8-pin 2x3 DFN
– 5-lead SOT-23
Additional MCP73833 Battery Charger Features
■Programmable Charge Current: 1A Maximum
■Two Charge Status Outputs
■Low-Dropout Linear Regulator Mode
■Numerous Selectable Options Available for a Variety of
Applications
■Available Packages:
– 10-pin 3x3 DFN
– MSOP-10
VIN
VIN
Regulated 3.3V, Low-Ripple Charge Pump with Low-Operating Current Sleep Mode or Bypass Mode
Li-Ion Battery Management
6
Battery Power Applications Design Guide
Selected Product Specifications: Battery Charger Family
Device Mode # of
Cells
Vcc Range
(V)
Max. Voltage
Regulation
Int/Ext
FET Features
MCP73113 Linear 1 4-16 ±0.5% Int 6.5V Overvoltage protection
MCP73114 Linear 1 4-16 ±0.5% Int 5.8V Overvoltage protection
MCP73123 Linear 1 4-16 ±0.5% Int 6.5V Overvoltage protection, LiFePO4 charging
MCP73213 Linear 2 4-16 ±0.6% Int 13V Overvoltage protection
MCP73223 Linear 2 4-16 ±0.6% Int 13V Overvoltage protection, LiFePO4 charging
MCP73811 Linear 1 3.75-6 ±1.0% Int USB selectable charge current, Thermal regulation, Automatic
power-down, Charge enable
MCP73812 Linear 1 3.75-6 ±1.0% Int Programmable charge current, Thermal regulation, Automatic
power-down, Charge enable
MCP73826 Linear 1 4.5-5.5 ±1.0% Ext Small size
MCP73827 Linear 1 4.5-5.5 ±1.0% Ext Mode indicator, Charge current monitor
MCP73828 Linear 1 4.5-5.5 ±1.0% Ext Temperature monitor
MCP73831 Linear 1 3.75-6 ±.75% Int Programmable charge current, Thermal regulation, UVLO, Preconditioning
and end-of-charge ratio options
MCP73832 Linear 1 3.75-6 ±.75% Int Programmable charge current, Thermal regulation, UVLO, Preconditioning
and end-of-charge ratio options
MCP73833 Linear 1 3.75-6 ±.75% Int Programmable charge current, Thermal regulation, UVLO, Preconditioning
and end-of-charge ratio options
MCP73834 Linear 1 3.75-6 ±.75% Int Programmable charge current, Thermal regulation, UVLO, Preconditioning
and end-of-charge ratio options
MCP73837 Linear 1 3.7-6 ±0.75% Int Dual input (USB, DC, input from adapter), Auto switching, UVLO, Thermal
regulation, Thermistor input, Power good output
MCP73838 Linear 1 3.7-6 ±0.75% Int Dual input (USB, DC, input from adapter), Auto switching, UVLO, Thermal
regulation, Timer enable input
MCP73841 Linear 1 4.5-12 ±0.5% Ext Safety charge timers, Temperature monitor
MCP73842 Linear 2 8.7-12 ±0.5% Ext Safety charge timers, Temperature monitor
MCP73843 Linear 1 4.5-12 ±0.5% Ext Safety charge timers
MCP73844 Linear 2 8.7-12 ±0.5% Ext Safety charge timers
MCP73853 Linear 1 4.5-5.5 ±0.5% Int USB control, Safety charge timers, Temperature monitor, Thermal
regulation
MCP73855 Linear 1 4.5-5.5 ±0.5% Int USB control, Safety charge timers, Thermal regulation
MCP73861 Linear 1 4.5-12 ±0.5% Int Safety charge timers, Temperature monitor, Thermal regulation
MCP73862 Linear 2 8.7-12 ±0.5% Int Safety charge timers, Temperature monitor, Thermal regulation
MCP73863 Linear 1 4.5- 12 ±0.5% Int
Programmable safety charge timer, Temperature monitor, Thermal
regulation, Programmable charge current, Auto recharge, Status and
fault indicator
MCP73864 Linear 2 8.7-12 ±0.5% Int
Programmable safety charge timer, Temperature monitor, Thermal
regulation, Programmable charge current, Auto recharge, Status and
fault indicator
Li-Ion Battery Management
Battery Power Applications Design Guide
7
Intelligent Power Control Systems
Intelligent, switch-mode charge management control.
The MCP1630 is a high-speed, microcontroller-adaptable,
Pulse-Width Modulator (PWM) used to develop intelligent
power control systems. Combined with a microcontroller, the
MCP1630 regulates output voltage or current by controlling
the power-system duty cycle. In the power control system,
the microcontroller can be used to digitally adjust the output
voltage or current by controlling the voltage reference applied
to the MCP1630; thereby bringing digital control to the
analog PWM function.
The fast comparator of the MCP1630 enables this device
to be used as an excellent current mode controller. With a
typical response time of 12 ns, the MCP1630 comparator
provides a very tight limit to the maximum switch current over
a wide range of input voltages.
D1
1
1
11
1
1
1
D
1
MCP6292
1
MCP6292
1
DD
1
1
1
D
PC26
1
1
1
1
1
MCP6
–
+
–
+
D
MCP
MCP1630 PWM Features
■High-Speed PWM Operation:
– 12 ns Current Sense to Output Delay
■Operating Temperature Range: -40°C - +125°C
■Precise Peak Current Limit: ±5%
■CMOS Output Driver (Drives MOSFET Driver or Low-Side
N-channel MOSFET Directly)
■External Oscillator Input (from PIC®Microcontroller)
■External Voltage Reference Input (for Adjustable Voltage
or Current Output Application)
■Peak Current Mode Operation to 1 MHz
■Low Operating Current: 2.8 mA, typical
■Fast Output Rise and Fall Times: 5.9 ns, 6.2 ns
■Under-voltage Lockout
■Output Short Circuit Protection
■Overtemperature Protection
Product Specifications: MCP1630 PWM Controller
Device Input Voltage
Range (V)
Current Sense-to-
Output Delay Control Scheme Ext. Oscillator
Range
Operating Temperature
Range Packages
MCP1630 3.0-5.5 12 nS typ. Cycle-by-Cycle Peak Current Control 1.0 MHz -40°C to +125°C 8-pin MSOP
Product Specifications: MCP6292 Op Amp
Device # Per Package GBWP Iq typ. (mA) Vos Max. (mV) Operating Voltage (V) Packages
MCP6292 2 10 MHz 1000 3 2.4-5.5 8-pin PDIP/SOIC/MSOP
Product Specifications: PIC12F683 Microcontroller
Device Bytes OTP/Flash
Words
RAM
Bytes
I/O
Pins
8-bit ADC
Channels Comparators Timers/
WDT
Max.
Speed MHz
Other
Features Packages
PIC12F683 3584 2048 128 6 4 x 10-bit 1 1 16-bit,
2 8-bit, 1 WDT
20 Internal 8 MHz
oscillator
8-pin PDIP/SOIC/DFN
Product Specifications: MCP1702 Low Dropout Positive Voltage Regulator
Device Max. Input
Voltage (V)
Output Voltage
(V)
Output Current
(mA)
typ. Active
Current (mA)
typ. Dropout Voltage
(mV) Packages
MCP1702 13.2 1.2-5.0 200-250 2 650 3-pin SOT-23A/SOT-89/TO-92
Switch-mode, Li-Ion Battery Charger Circuits
Li-Ion Battery Management
8
Battery Power Applications Design Guide
Biased Backlighting
The MCP1252-ADJ is an inductorless, positive-regulated
charge pump DC/DC converter. The device generates an
adjustable output voltage. It is specifically designed for
applications requiring low noise and high efficiency and is
able to deliver up to 120 mA output current. The device
allows the input voltage to be lower or higher than the output
voltage, by automatically switching between buck/boost
operation.
Today’s new color displays require a pure white light for
backlighting. White light emitting diodes have become the
component of choice. The MCP1252-ADJ is an excellent
choice for biasing the backlighting. Light intensity is
controlled uniformly through the use of ballast resistors. The
peak intensity is set by the feedback to the MCP1252-ADJ.
Dimming is accomplished by pulse-width modulating the
shutdown pin of the device.
Up to 6 white LEDs
U
MCP1252-ADJ
MCP1252 Charge Pump Features
■Inductorless, Buck/Boost, DC/DC Converter
■Low Power: 80 µA (typ.)
■120 mA Output Current
■Wide Operating Temperature Range: -40°C to +85°C
■Thermal Shutdown and Short-Circuit Protection
■Uses Small Ceramic Capacitors
■Low Power Shutdown Mode: 0.1 µA (typ.)
■Shutdown Input Compatible with 1.8V Logic
■Vin Range: 2.0V to 5.5V
Product Specifications: Regulated Charge Pump DC/DC Converters
Device Input Voltage
Range (V)
Output Voltage
(V)
Max. Input
Current (mA)
Typical Active
Output Current (mA) Features Packages
MCP1252-33X50 2.7-5.5 Selectable 3.3-5.0V 120 120 mA for Vin>3.0V Power good output, 650 kHz oscillator 8-pin MSOP
MCP1252-ADJ 2.0-5.5 Adjustable 1.5V-5.5V 120 120 mA for Vin>3.0V Power good output, 650 kHz oscillator 8-pin MSOP
MCP1253-33X50 2.7-5.5 Selectable 3.3-5.0V 120 120 mA for Vin>3.0V Power good output, 1 MHz oscillator 8-pin MSOP
MCP1253-ADJ 2.0-5.5 Adjustable 1.5V-5.5V 120 120 mA for Vin>3.0V Power good output, 1 MHz oscillator 8-pin MSOP
MCP1256 1.8-3.6 3.3 10 100 mA Power good output, Inductorless 1.5x,
2x dual mode, Thermal shutdown and
Short circuit protection
10-pin MSOP and
10-pin 3x3 DFN
MCP1257 1.8-3.6 3.3 10 100 mA Power good output, Inductorless 1.5x,
2x dual mode, Thermal shutdown and
Short circuit protection
10-pin MSOP and
10-pin 3x3 DFN
MCP1258 1.8-3.6 3.3 10 100 mA Power good output, Inductorless 1.5x,
2x dual mode, Thermal shutdown and
Short circuit protection
10-pin MSOP and
10-pin 3x3 DFN
MCP1259 1.8-3.6 3.3 10 100 mA Power good output, Inductorless 1.5x,
2x dual mode, Thermal shutdown and
Short circuit protection
10-pin MSOP and
10-pin 3x3 DFN
Mmicrochip also offers inverting or doubling charge pumps, multi-function charge pumps and inverting and doubling charge pumps. See the Microchip web site
for complete specifications www.microchip.com.
White LED Backlighting Circuit with Regulated Charge Pump
Backlighting
Battery Power Applications Design Guide
9
MCP1256/7/8/9 Regulated 3.3V, Low-Ripple
Charge Pump with Low-Operating Current
Sleep Mode or Bypass Mode
The MCP1256, MCP1257, MCP1258 and MCP1259
are inductorless, positive regulated charge pump
DC/DC converters. The devices generate a regulated 3.3V
output voltage from a 1.8V to 3.6V input. The devices are
specifically designed for applications operating from 2-cell
alkaline, Ni-Cd, or Ni-MH batteries or by one primary lithium
MnO2 (or similar) coin cell battery.
The MCP1256, MCP1257, MCP1258 and MCP1259 provide
high efficiency by automatically switching between 1.5x
and 2x boost operation. In addition, at light output loads,
the MCP1256 and MCP1257 can be placed in a Sleep
mode, lowering the quiescent current while maintaining
the regulated output voltage. Alternatively, the MCP1258
and MCP1259 provide a Bypass feature connecting the
input voltage to the output. This allows for real-time clocks,
microcontrollers or other system devices to remain biased
with virtually no current being consumed by the MCP1258
or MPC1259. In normal operation, the output voltage ripple
is below 20 mVPP at load currents up to 100 mA. Normal
operation occurs at a fixed switching frequency of 650 kHz,
avoiding interference with sensitive IF bands.
The MCP1256 and MCP1258 feature a power-good output
that can be used to detect out-of-regulation conditions. The
MCP1257 and MCP1259 feature a low battery indication
that issues a warning if the input voltage drops below a
preset voltage threshold.
Extremely low supply current and few external parts
(4capacitors) make these devices ideal for small, battery
powered applications. A Shutdown mode is also provided for
further power reduction. The devices incorporate thermal and
short-circuit protection. Two packages are offered: 10-pin
MSOP and 10-pin 3x3 DFN. The devices are completely
characterized over the junction temperature range of -40°C
to +125°C.
MCP1256/7/8/9 Charge Pump Features
■Inductorless 1.5x, 2x Boost DC/DC Converter
■Output Voltage: 3.3V
■High Output Voltage Accuracy: ±3.0% (Vout Fixed)
■Output Current Up To 100 mA
■20m Vpp Output Voltage Ripple
■Thermal Shutdown and Short Circuit Protection
■Uses Small Ceramic Capacitors
■Switching Frequency: 650 kHz
■Low-Power Sleep Mode: MCP1256/7
■Bypass Mode: MCP1258/9
■Low-Power Shutdown Mode: 0.1 μA (typ.)
■Shutdown Input Compatible with 1.8V Logic
■Vin Range: 1.8V to 3.6V
■Soft-Start Circuitry to Minimize Inrush Current
■Temperature Range: -40°C to +125°C
■Packaging:
– 10-pin 3x3 DFN
– 10-pin MSOP
Low-Battery
Indication
µI
µ
µ
µ
tt
Int
to
yicaicationwitLow-BatteryIndication
-
-
L
MCP1259
I
ower-ood
Indication
µI
µ
µ
µ
tt
Int
to
yicaicationwitower-oodIndication
-
-
L
MCP125
I
Regulated 3.3V, Low-Ripple Charge Pump with Low-Operating Current Sleep Mode or Bypass Mode
Backlighting
10
Battery Power Applications Design Guide
RSENSE
R
N
MCP1650
S
E
N
N
N
SN
N
Driving White LED’s
Driving white light emitting diodes in series. An alternative
to the MCP1252 backlighting approach is to drive the
white light emitting diodes in series. The series connection
provides improved brightness matching between the diodes
since they all operate with the same current. Light intensity
is adjusted by controlling the current through the diodes. The
MCP1650 is a boost controller that can be used to bias the
diodes in series as depicted below.
MCP1650 Features
■Output Power Capability Over 5 Watts
■Output Voltage Capability From 3.3V to Over 100V
■750 kHz Gated Oscillator Switching Frequency
White LED Backlighting Circuit with Boost Controller
Product Specifications: Boost Controllers
Device Output Buck/Boost Input Voltage
Range (V)
Output
Voltage (V)
Control
Scheme Features Packages
MCP1650 Adjustable Step-Up 2.7-5.5 2.5 to Ext. Tx.
Limited
Constant Frequency,
2 Fixed DC
2 duty cycles for min. and max. loads,
shutdown, UVLO, Soft-start
8-pin MSOP
MCP1651 Adjustable Step-Up 2.7-5.5 2.5 to Ext. Tx.
Limited
Constant Frequency,
2 Fixed DC
2 duty cycles for min. and max. loads,
Shutdown, Low battery detect, UVLO,
Soft-start
8-pin MSOP
MCP1652 Adjustable Step-Up 2.7-5.5 2.5 to Ext. Tx.
Limited
Constant Frequency,
2 Fixed DC
2 duty cycles for min. and max. loads,
Shutdown, Power good indicator,
UVLO, Soft-start
8-pin MSOP
MCP1653 Adjustable Step-Up 2.7-5.5 2.5 to Ext. Tx.
Limited
Constant Frequency,
2 Fixed DC
2 duty cycles for min. and max. loads,
Shutdown, Low battery detect, Power
good indicator, UVLO, Soft-start
10-pin MSOP
■Adaptable Duty Cycle for Battery or Wide-Input,
Voltage-Range Applications
■Input Voltage Range: 2.0V to 5.5V
■Capable of SEPIC and Flyback Topologies
■Shutdown Control with Iq < 0.1 µA (typ.)
■Low Operating Quiescent Current: Iq = 120 µA
■Voltage Feedback Tolerance (0.6%, Typical)
■Popular MSOP-8 Package
■Peak Current Limit Feature
■Two Under Voltage Lock Out (UVLO) Options: 2.0V
or 2.55V
■Operating Temperature Range: -40°C to +125°C
Backlighting
Battery Power Applications Design Guide
11
Application Notes
The following application notes are available on the Microchip
web site: www.microchip.com.
AN246: Driving the Analog Inputs of a SAR A/D Converter
Driving any A/D Converter (ADC) can be challenging if all
issues and trade-offs are not well understood from the
beginning. With Successive Approximation Register (SAR)
ADCs, the sampling speed and source impedance should be
taken into consideration if the device is to be fully utilized. In
this application note we will delve into the issues surrounding
the SAR Converter’s input and conversion nuances to insure
that the converter is handled properly from the beginning
of the design phase. We will also review the specifications
available in most A/D Converter data sheets and identify
the important specifications for driving your SAR. From this
discussion, techniques will be explored which can be used
to successfully drive the input of the SAR A/D Converter.
Since most SAR applications require an active driving device
at the converter’s input, the final subject will be to explore
the impact of an operational amplifier on the analog-to-digital
conversion in terms of DC as well as AC responses.
AN693: Understanding A/D Converter Performance
Specifications
The purpose of this application note is to describe the
specifications used to quantify the performance of A/D
converters and give the reader a better understanding of
the significance of those specifications in an application.
Although the information presented here is applicable to all
A/D converters, specific attention is given to features of the
standalone and PIC® microcontrollers with A/D converters.
AN793: Power Management in Portable Applications:
Understanding the Buck Switchmode Power Converter
Powering today’s portable world poses many chal lenges for
system designers. The use of batteries as a prime power
source is on the rise. As a result, a burden has been placed
on the system designer to create sophisticated systems
utilizing the batteries full poten tial.
Each application is unique, but one common theme rings
through: maximize battery capacity usage. This theme
directly relates to how efficiently the energy from the
batteries is converted and transferred to the system load. No
single method is ideal for all applications. Lin ear regulators,
switched capacitor charge pumps and inductor based
switchmode power converters are all employed. Each method
has its associated advantages and disadvantages. It is the
particular application with its individual requirements that
determines which method will be the best to use.
AN947: Power Management in Portable Applications:
Charging Lithium-Ion/Lithium-Polymer Batteries
This application note focuses on the fundamentals of
charging Lithium-Ion/Lithium-Polymer batteries. In particular,
a linear, stand-alone solution utilizing Microchip’s MCP73841
will be explored.
AN948: Efficiently Powering Nine White LEDs with the
MCP1650
The number of applications that utilize white LEDs has
steadily increased due to the increased usage of Liquid
Crystal Displays (LCDs) in automotive and cellular telephone
displays, PDAs, handheld electronic games and computer
monitors. In order to view the information on these displays,
a light source is needed. Typically, this light source has been
provided by Cold Cathode Florescent Tubes (CCFT). However,
since designers are tasked with improving efficiency, lowering
cost and decreasing size, white LEDs are now being used.
Powering white LEDs, which have a forward drop (VF) of
3.6V, typically, becomes more difficult when the application
requires multiple LEDs. In this Application Note, a solution
using the MCP1650 is discussed and shown to be greater
than 85% efficient.
AN960: New Components and Design Methods Bring
Intelligence to Battery Charger Applications
This application note will describe a typical intelligent battery
charger power system application. As with most real life
applications, there are many demands made on the power
system designer to protect the system in the case of battery
removal, plugging the battery in backwards, reverse polarity
at the input, a battery shorting and even more unimaginable
situations. A complete battery charger, fuel gauge system
design will be presented as an example of the mixed
signal design method. Battery reference material and basic
switchmode power supply converter trade-offs are covered in
the beginning of this application note.
AN968: Simple Sychronous Buck Regulator – MCP1612
This application note contains all of the information needed
to design a synchronous buck converter using the MCP1612.
It also contains a real-world design example with measured
laboratory data.
AN1088: Selecting the Right Battery System for Cost-
Sensitive Portable Applications While Maintaining Excellent
Quality
Portable electronic devices have played an important role in
a person’s daily digital life and have changed the way people
live and work. Commonly seen portable electronic devices
are: cellular phones, media players, digital cameras, digital
camcorders, handheld GPS, digital readers and PDAs. With
the emerging technologies that are available today, portable
electronic designers are trying to integrate more features into
thinner and smaller form-factors while maximizing the battery
life.
11
Battery Power Applications Design Guide
Related Support Material
12
Battery Power Applications Design Guide
MCP1256/7/8/9EV: MCP1256/7/8/9 Charge Pump
Evaluation Board
The MCP1256/7/8/9 Charge Pump Evaluation Board
is an evaluation and demonstration tool for Microchip’s
MCP1256/7/8/9 Regulated 3.3V, Low-Ripple Charge
Pumps with Low Operating Current Sleep mode or Bypass
mode. The design provides for dynamic versatility. The
MCP1256/7/8/9 Charge Pump Evaluation Board is setup
to evaluate simple, stand-alone, DC-to-DC conversion. Two
evaluation circuits are provided, demonstrating the versatility
of the MCP1256/7/8/9 device family. One evaluation circuit
utilizes the MCP1256, demonstrating the Sleep mode feature
along with a power good indication. The other evaluation
circuit utilizes the MCP1259, demonstrating the unique
Bypass mode feature along with a low battery indication.
When connected, the MCP1256/7/8/9 devices can be
evaluated in a variety of applications.
MCP1601EV: MCP1601 Buck Regulator Evaluation Board
The MCP1601 Buck Regulator Evaluation Board
demonstrates Microchip’s MCP1601 Synchronous Buck
Regulator, developed for battery powered applications as well
as distributed power applications. The MCP1601 Evaluation
Board is capable of operation over the entire 2.7V to 5.5V
input range of the MCP1601 device. Two 2-position DIP
switches are used, one to select the output voltage (1.8V,
2.05V, 2.45V or 3.28V) and one that turns the MCP1601
on and off with the other position selecting the mode of
operation (PWM-pulse width modulation or PFM-pulse
frequency modulation). Surface mount test points are used
to apply power and load in addition to probing several points
in the test circuit.
MCP1612EV: MCP1612 Synchronous Buck Regulator
Evaluation Board
The MCP1612 Synchronous Buck Regulator Evaluation Board
features Microchip’s 1A 1.4 MHz synchronous buck regulator
in two buck converter applications. The first application uses
the MCP1612 in an 8-lead MSOP package. This converter
has four (0.8V, 1.0V, 1.2V and 1.4V) selectable output
voltages available. The second application features the
MCP1612 in an 8-pin DFN package. This converter also has
four (0.8V, 1.7V, 2.4V and 3.3V) selectable output voltages. A
shutdown terminal is also provided for each converter.
MCP1650EV: MCP1650 Boost Controller Evaluation Board
The MCP1650 Boost Controller Evaluation Board
demonstrates Microchip’s MCP165X Boost Controller product
family in two high-power, boost-converter applications. The
first application features the MCP1651 (8-pin MSOP) with the
low battery detect feature and provides a regulated 5V output
with an input voltage range of 2.8V to 4.8V. The second
application uses the MCP1653 (10-pin MSOP), with both low
battery detect and power good features. The input voltage for
this application is 3.3V, with the output boosted to 12V.
AN1156: Battery Fuel Measurement Using Delta-Sigma
ADC Devices
The battery fuel status indicator is a common feature of
the battery-supported handheld devices. The battery fuel
measurement is achieved by measuring the discharging and
charging currents in real time. The discharging current is the
current coming out from the battery and the charging current
is the current flowing into the battery. The fuel used (mAH)
and the fuel remaining (mAH) are calculated by tracking the
discharging and charging currents over time. The fuel used
is the total discharged current over time and the remaining
fuel is simply the subtraction of the fuel used from the fully
charged fuel.
Evaluation Boards
Microchip offers a number of boards to help evaluate device
families. Contact your local Microchip sales office for a
demonstration.
MCP1252DM-BKLT: MCP1252 Charge Pump Backlight
Demonstration Board
The MCP1252 Charge Pump Backlight LED Demo Board
demonstrates the use of a Charge Pump device in an LED
application. The board also serves as a platform to evaluate
the MCP1252 device in general. The MCP1252-ADJ is an
excellent choice for biasing the backlighting or driving other
LED applications. Light intensity is controlled uniformly
through the use of ballast resistors. The peak intensity
is set by the feedback to the MCP1252-ADJ. Dimming is
accomplished by pulse width modulating the shutdown pin of
the device.
The board also features a PIC10F206 microcontroller in a
SOT-23 package, which is used to provide an enable signal
to the MCP1252. The PIC microcontroller also accepts a
push-button input that allows the user to adjust the white
LEDs to five different light intensities, in addition to placing
the system in a standby mode that consumes less than 1 mA
of current (typical).
MCP1252EV: MCP1252/53 Evaluation Kit
The MCP1252/3 Evaluation Board is an evaluation
kit designed to support Microchip’s MCP1252-33X50,
MCP1252-ADJ, MCP1253-33X50 and MCP1253-ADJ
low noise, positive-regulated charge pump devices. The
evaluation kit is fully assembled and tested. The kit is useful
for evaluating simple stand-alone operation or for evaluating
applications interfaced with a microcontroller.
Related Support Material
Battery Power Applications Design Guide
13
MCP1630DM-DDBK1: MCP1630 1A Bias Supply Demo
Board
The MCP1630 1A Bias Supply Demo Board is used to
evaluate Microchip’s MCP1630 used in a SEPIC power
converter application. The MCP1630 1A Bias Supply
Demo Board is capable of providing a regulated output
from an input voltage of 9V. The regulated output voltage
is selectable at 3.3V or 5V. The regulated output remains
constant for an output load range of 0A to 1A. An LED
indicates the presence of output voltage.
MCP1630DM-NMC1: MCP1630 NiMH Battery Charger
Demonstration Board
The MCP1630 High Speed PWM is interfaced to the
PIC16LF818 to develop a complete NiMH battery charger
with fuel gauge capability. The MCP1630 is used to
regulate the battery charge current and protect the SEPIC
power train against an open circuit (removed battery) or a
shorted battery. The high speed (12ns current sense to
output) capability of the MCP1630 is used to switch the
SEPIC converter at 1 MHz, minimizing external inductor and
capacitor cost, while the PIC16LF818 performs the complex
NiMH battery charger timing functions. Both the MCP1630
and PICLF818 protect the battery and circuit in the event of
a fault.
MCP1630RD-DDBK3: MCP1630V Bidirectional 4 Cell Li-Ion
Charger Reference Design
As high power portable applications continue to gain in
popularity, more innovative techniques are needed to charge
the batteries while also providing a low regulated voltage to
the system’s high end digital electronics. For example, laptop
computers, portable test equipment, portable printers, etc.,
all require more power than a single or two cell Li-Ion battery
pack can efficiently store. As a result, three or four series
Li-Ion cell packs are used to store the necessary that power
these high end applications. The result is a high DC voltage
used to store the energy requiring a difficult high voltage to
low voltage dc-dc conversion. The MCP1630V bi-directional
4 Cell Li-Ion Charger Reference Design can be used to
evaluate a design that boosts a low source voltage to charge
four Li-Ion series cells while providing energy to the system
simultaneously. When the source is removed, the same
power train used to charge the battery pack provides a low
regulated voltage to operate the system.
MCP1630RD-LIC1: MCP1630 Li-Ion Multi Bay Battery
Charger Reference Design
The MCP1630 Multi-Bay Li-Ion Charger is used to evaluate
Microchip’s MCP1630 used in a SEPIC power converter
application. The MCP1630 Multi-Bay Li-Ion Charger is capable
of charging two single-cell, Li-Ion battery packs in parallel
utilizing an input voltage of 10V to 30V (battery packs are
not included). Multiple boards can be daisy-chained for
additional charger bays. The MCP1630 Multi-Bay Li-Ion
Charger is intended for use in pseudo-smart battery charger
applications utilizing battery packs containing Microchip’s
PS700 Battery Monitor. Standard battery packs can be
utilized as well. The MCP1630 Multi-Bay Li-Ion Charger
provides a constant current – constant voltage charge with
preconditioning, cell temperature monitoring and battery
pack fault monitoring. Each charger bay provides a status
and fault indication. The MCP1630 Multi-Bay Li-Ion Charger
automatically detects the insertion or removal of a battery
pack.
MCP1630RD-LIC2: MCP1630 Low-Cost Li-Ion Battery
Charger Reference Design
The MCP1630 Low-Cost Li-Ion Battery Charger is used
to evaluate Microchip’s MCP1630 in a SEPIC power
converter application. As provided, the MCP1630
Low-Cost Li-Ion Battery Charger is capable of charging a
single-cell, Li-Ion battery pack from an input voltage of 6V
to 18V. The MCP1630 Low-Cost Li-Ion Battery Charger
provides a constant current, constant voltage charge with
preconditioning, cell temperature monitoring and battery pack
fault monitoring. Also, the charger provides a status or fault
indication. The MCP1630 Low-Cost Li-Ion Battery Charger
automatically detects the insertion or removal of a battery
pack.
MCP73113EV-1SOVP: MCP73113 OVP Single Cell Li-Ion
Battery Charger Evaluation Board
The MCP73113 OVP Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger
Evaluation Board demonstrates the features of Microchip’s
MCP73113 “Single-Cell Li-Ion/Li-Polymer Battery Charge
Management Controller with Input Overvoltage Protection”.
The MCP73113 OVP Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger
Evaluation Board is designed with two charging currents.
The default value is 500 mA and when PROG via is tied to
ground, the two parallel resistors output 1000 mA charging
current to a Li-Ion battery. One blue LED status output allows
the user to learn if the MCP73113 is in charging state or
not. The MCP73113 OVP Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger
Evaluation Board comes with an installed MCP73113 device
in 3mm x 3mm DFN package. The factory preset battery
regulation voltage is 4.20V with precondition, termination
and auto recharge features.
The MCP73113 OVP Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Charger
Evaluation Board is designed to observe the performance
and features on the circuits via multiple test points. Circuits
can also be implemented into suitable applications without
additional work.
Related Support Material
14
Battery Power Applications Design Guide
Related Support Material
MCP73X23EV-LFP: MCP73X23 OVP Lithium Iron Phosphate
Battery Charger Evaluation Board
The MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Charger
Evaluation Board demonstrates the features of Microchip’s
MCP73123 and MCP73223 “Lithium Iron Phosphate
(LiFePO4) Battery Charge Management Controller with
Input Overvoltage Protection”. The MCP73X23 Lithium Iron
Phosphate Battery Charger Evaluation Board is designed
with two independent circuits. The MCP73123 is designed
to charge a single-cell LiFePO4 battery, while the MCP73223
charges a dual-cell LiFePO4 battery. Both circuits offer
two different fast charging currents. The default value of
fast charging current is 500 mA and when PROG via is tie
to ground, the two parallel resistors output 1000 mA fast
charging current to a battery pack. One blue LED status
output allows user to learn if the MCP73123/223 is in
charging state or not. The MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate
Battery Charger Evaluation Board comes with installed
MCP73123 and MCP73223 devices in 3 mm x 3 mm DFN
packages. The factory preset battery regulation voltage is
3.6V for the MCP73123 and 7.2V for the MCP73223 with
10% precondition current, 10% termination current set
point, automatic recharge and 6.5V over voltage protection
threshold voltage. The MCP73X23 Lithium Iron Phosphate
Battery Charger Evaluation Board is designed to observe the
performance and features of Microchip’s MCP73123 and
MCP73223. Circuits can also be implemented into suitable
applications without extra work.
MCP7383XEV-DIBC: MCP73837/8 AC/USB Dual Input
Battery Charger Evaluation Board
The MCP73837/8 AC/USB Dual Input Battery Charger
Evaluation Board demonstrates Microchip’s stand-alone
Linear Li-Ion Battery Chargers - MCP73837 and MCP73838.
The MCP73837/8 require only minimum components to
implement a complete battery charge management circuit.
The MCP73837/8 are designed to select AC-Adapter or
USB-Port Power Source automatically where AC-Adapter
provides the charge current when both sources are present.
The MCP73837/8 AC/USB Dual Input Battery Charger
Evaluation Board comes with a 10-pin DFN MCP73837
and a 10-pin MSOP MCP73838 pre-installed. The different
packages can be easily evaluated by replacing the device, a
resistor and a LED where the patterns have been
pre-designed on the board layout.
MCP73871EV: MCP73871 Evaluation Board
The MCP73871 Evaluation Board is designed to demonstrate
Microchip’s stand-alone linear Li-Ion battery charger with
system power path and load sharing management control
solution. The system load is also supported by the Li-Ion
battery when input power is disconnected. A number of
device options allow the MCP73871 device to be utilized in
a variety of applications. Refer to the MCP73871 data sheet
(DS22090).
Typical applications for the reference design are: smart
phones, PDA, portable media players, MP3 Players, digital
cameras, handheld medical devices, bluetooth headsets,
ultra-mobile PC and portable communicators.
MCP73831EV: MCP73831 Evaluation Kit
Two evaluation boards are provided in the MCP73831
Evaluation Kit. The boards are set up to evaluate simple,
stand-alone, linear charging of single cell Li-Ion/Li-Polymer
battery packs (the battery packs are not included). Each
board design provides constant current charging followed
by constant voltage charging with automatic charge
termination. In addition, the MCP73831-2AC board provides
preconditioning of deeply depleted cells. Each board design
provides evaluation of the MCP73831 in two package
options: a SOT-23-5 and a 8-pin 2x3 DFN for higher power
handling capability.
MCP7384XEV: MCP7384X Li-Ion Battery Charger
Evaluation Board
The MCP7384X Li-Ion Battery Charger Evaluation Board
features three circuits utilizing the MCP73841, MCP73842
and MCP73843 devices to demonstrate simple, stand-alone,
linear charging of single or dual cell Lithium-Ion/Lithium-
Polymer battery packs (the battery packs are not included).
Also check out the following demonstration boards:
MCP73213EV-2SOVP: MCP73213 OVP Dual Cell Li-Ion
Battery Charger Evaluation Board
MCP7383XRD-PPM: MCP7383X Li-Ion System Power Path
Management Reference Design
MCP73833EV: MCP73833 Li-Ion Battery Charger
Evaluation Board
MCP73871DM-VPCC: MCP73871 Demo Board with Voltage
Proportional Current Control
Battery Power Applications Design Guide
15
Thermal
Management
Power
Management
Temperature
Sensors
Fan Speed
Controllers/
Fan Fault
Detectors
LDO & Switching
Regulators
Charge Pump
DC/DC Converters
Power MOSFET
Drivers
PWM Controllers
System Supervisors
Voltage Detectors
Voltage References
Li-Ion/Li-Polymer
Battery Chargers
Mixed-Signal
A/D Converter
Families
Digital
Potentiometers
D/A Converters
V/F and F/V
Converters
Energy
Measurement
ICs
Interface
CAN Peripherals
Infrared
Peripherals
LIN Transceivers
Serial Peripherals
Ethernet Controllers
Linear
Op Amps
Programmable
Gain
Amplifiers
Comparators
Safety & Security
Photoelectric
Smoke Detectors
Ionization Smoke
Detectors
Ionization Smoke
Detector Front Ends
Piezoelectric
Horn Drivers
Robustness
■MOSFET Drivers lead the industry in latch-up
immunity/stability
■High performance LIN and CAN transceivers
Low Power/Low Voltage
■Op Amp family with the lowest power for a given gain
bandwidth
■600 nA/1.4V/14 kHz bandwidth op amps
■1.8V charge pumps and comparators
■1.6 µA LDOs
■Low power ADCs with one-shot conversion
Integration
■One of the first to market with integrated LDO with
Reset and Fan Controller with temperature sensor
■PGA integrates MUX, resistive ladder, gain switches,
high-performance amplifier, SPI interface
■Industry’s first 12-bit quad DAC with non-volatile EEPROM
■Delta-Sigma ADCs feature on-board PGA and voltage
reference
■Highly integrated charging solutions for Li-ion and
LiFePO4 batteries
Space Savings
■Resets and LDOs in SC70 package, A/D and D/A
converters in SOT-23 package
■CAN and IrDA® Standard protocol stack embedded in an
18-pin package
Accuracy
■Low input offset voltages
■High gains
Innovation
■Low pin-count embedded IrDA Standard stack, FanSense™
technology
■Select Mode™ operation
■Industry’s first op amp featuring on-demand calibration via
mCal technology
■Digital potentiometers feature WiperLock™ technology to
secure EEPROM
For more information, visit the Microchip web site at:
www.microchip.com
Analog and Interface Attributes
Stand-Alone Analog and Interface Portfolio
Information subject to change. The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo and PIC are registered trademarks of Microchip
Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. FanSense, Select Mode and WiperLock are trademarks of Microchip
Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective
companies. © 2009, Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Printed in the U.S.A. 12/09
DS39610E
*DS39610E*
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