Cassette Style AC-DC Converters 150 Watt AC-DC (DC-DC) Converters for 400 Hz Mains K Series K Series Input voltage range from 85...255 V AC 1 or 2 isolated outputs up to 48 V DC 4 kV AC I/O electric strength test voltage * Input frequency range 47...440 Hz * No PFC * Extremely wide input voltage range * Input over- and undervoltage lock-out * Efficient input filter and built-in surge and transient suppression circuitry * Fully isolated outputs * Outputs overload, open- and short-circuit proof * No derating over entire operating temperature range 111 4.4" 3U Safety according to IEC/EN 60950 80 3.2" 16 TE LGA 168 6.6" Summary The K series of AC-DC (DC-DC) converters represents a flexible range of power supplies for use in advanced electronic systems. Features include wide input frequency range (no PFC), high efficiency, high reliability, low output voltage noise and excellent dynamic response to load/line changes. The converter inputs are protected against surges and transients occuring at the source lines. An input over- and undervoltage lock-out circuitry disables the outputs if the input voltage is outside the specified range. Certain types include an inrush current limitation preventing circuit breakers and fuses from being damaged at switch-on. All outputs are open- and short-circuit proof and are protected against overvoltages by means of a built-in suppressor diode. The outputs can be inhibited by a logic signal applied to the connector pin 18 (i). If the inhibit function is not used pin 18 must be connected to pin 14 to enable the outputs. LED indicators display the status of the converter and allow visual monitoring of the system at any time. Full input to output, input to case, output to case and output to output isolation is provided. The modules are designed and built according to the international safety standards Table of Contents IEC/EN 60950 and have been approved by the safety agencies LGA (Germany) und UL (USA). The UL Mark for Canada has been officially recognized by regulatory authorities in provinces across Canada. The case design allows operation at nominal load up to 71C in a free air ambient temperature. If forced cooling is provided, the ambient temperature may exceed 71C but the case temperature must remain below 95C under all conditions. A temperature sensor generates an inhibit signal which disables the outputs if the case temperature TC exceeds the limit. The outputs are automatically re-enabled when the temperature drops below the limit. Various options are available to adapt the converters to individual applications. The modules may either be plugged into 19" rack systems according to DIN 41494, or be chassis mounted. Important: For applications with requirements for compliance with IEC/EN 61000-3-2 (harmonic distortion) please use our LK 4000 and LK 5000 series. Page Page Summary .......................................................................... 1 Type Survey and Key Data .............................................. 2 Type Key .......................................................................... 2 Functional Description ...................................................... 3 Electrical Input Data ......................................................... 4 Electrical Output Data ...................................................... 5 Auxiliary Functions ......................................................... 10 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) ............................ 13 Immunity to Environmental Conditions ........................... 15 Mechanical Data ............................................................ 16 Safety and Installation Instructions ................................ 17 Description of Options .................................................... 20 Accessories .................................................................... 26 Edition 5/5.2000 1/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters K Series Type Survey and Key Data Non standard input/output configuration or special custom adaptions are available on request. See also: Commercial Information: Inquiry Form for Customized Power Supply. Table 1: Type survey LK Output 1 Input voltage range and efficiency 1 Output 2 Uo nom [V DC] Io nom [A] 2 Uo nom [V DC] Io nom [A] 2 Ui min...Ui max 85...264 V AC (88...372 V DC) hmin [%] 5.1 12.0 15.0 24.0 25.0 12.0 10.0 6.0 - - LK 1001-7R LK 1301-7R LK 1501-7R LK 1601-7R 79 84 84 85 24.0 3 30.0 3 48.0 3 6.0 5.0 3.0 - - LK 2320-7R LK 2540-7R LK 2660-7R 81 83 83 12.0 15.0 24.0 6.0 5.0 3.0 12.0 4 15.0 4 24.0 4 6.0 5.0 3.0 LK 2320-7R LK 2540-7R LK 2660-7R 81 83 83 Options -9 E D V5 P T B1 B2 1 2 3 4 5 Efficiency at Ui nom and Io nom. If the output voltages are increased above Uo nom via R-input control, option P setting, remote sensing or option T, the output currents should be reduced accordingly so that Po nom is not exceeded. Series connection of output 1 and 2, see: R-Function for different output configurations. Second output semi-regulated. Option V for LK 1001 types only. Type Key Type Key L K 2 5 40 -7 E R P D V T B1 Input voltage range Ui: 85...264 V AC (88...372 V DC) .... L Series ............................................................................... K Number of outputs ....................................................... 1...2 Single output units: Nominal voltage output 1 (main output), Uo1 nom 5.1 V ........................................................ 0, 1, 2 12 V ................................................................. 3 15 V ............................................................. 4, 5 24 V ................................................................. 6 other voltages .............................................. 7, 8 Other specs. for single output modules .................. 01...99 Symmetrical double output units: Nominal voltage output 1/output 2, Uo1/2 nom 12 V/12 V (24 V series connection) ............... 20 1 15 V/15 V (30 V series connection) ............... 40 1 24 V/24 V (48 V series connection) ............... 60 1 other symmetrical voltages .................... 70...99 Ambient temperature range TA: -25...71C ..................................................... -7 -40...71C ..................................................... -9 customer specific ..................................... -0...-6 Auxiliary functions and options: Inrush current limitation ................................... E Output voltage control input ........................... R 2 Potentiometer (output voltage adjustment) ..... P 2 Save data signal (D0...DD, to be specified) ... D 3 ACFAIL signal (V0, V2, V3, to be specified) ... V 3, 4 Current sharing ............................................... T Cooling plate standard case ......................... B1 Cooling plate for long case 220 mm ............. B2 1 2 3 4 External wiring of main and second output depending upon the desired output configuration (see: R-Function for different output configurations). Feature R excludes option P and vice versa. Option D excludes option V and vice versa. Option V available for LK 1001 types. Example: LK 2540-7PD3: AC-DC converter, input voltage range 85...264 V AC, double output, each providing 15 V/5 A, equipped with potentiometer and undervoltage monitoring option. Ambient temperature -25...71C. Edition 5/5.2000 2/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters K Series Functional Description The input voltage is fed via an input fuse, an input filter, a rectifier and an inrush current limiter to the input capacitor. This capacitor sources a single transistor forward converter. Each output is powered by a separate secondary winding of the main transformer. The resultant voltages are rectified and their ripples smoothed by a power choke and output filter. The control logic senses the main output volt- age Uo1 and generates, with respect to the maximum admissible output currents, the control signal for the primary switching transistor. The second output of double output units is controlled by the main output but has independent current limiting. If the main output is driven into current limitation, the second output voltage will fall as well and vice versa. P 03085 16 18 20 22 12 4 6 2 Forward converter (approx. 120 kHz) 3 Input filter 1 Y Output filter Control circuit Y 26 N 28 8 Y 10 P 30 32 Vo+ Vo- 14 S- Y 24 - Fig. 1 Block diagram of single output converters LK 1000 + P 03086 16 18 20 22 P 30 32 Y Y Output 1 filter Y 14 Vo1- 4 Vo2+ 6 Y 8 Vo2- 10 Y 24 Fig. 2 Block diagram of symmetrical double output converters LK 2000 1 2 3 R i D T 12 Vo1+ Output 2 filter 2 Forward converter (approx.110 kHz) 3 Input filter 1 Control circuit Y 26 N 28 Edition 5/5.2000 R i D/V T S+ - + Transient suppressor (VDR) Inrush current limiter (NTC or option E), -9 version exclude the NTC Input fuse 3/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters K Series Electrical Input Data General Conditions - TA = 25C, unless TC is specified. - Pin 18 connected to pin 14, Uo adjusted to Uo nom (option P); R input not connected. - Sense line pins S+ and S- connected to Vo+ and Vo- respectively. Table 2: Input data Input Characteristics Ui Conditions Operating input voltage Io = 0...Io nom TC min...TC max min Input current Ui nom, Io nom 1 P i0 No-load input power Ui min...Ui max P i inh Idle input power unit inhibited Ri Input resistance TC = 25C resistance 2 NTC Ci Input capacitance U i RFI Conducted input RFI Radiated input RFI max With double output modules, both outputs loaded with Io nom 2 Valid for -7 versions with NTC, (-9 versions exclude the NTC). Initial switch-on cycle. Subsequent switch-on/off cycles increase the inrush current peak value. 3 LK types may also be operated in DC mode. (See: K Series, DC-DC Converters) Unit 264 V AC 88 372 V DC 3 310 Ii R NTC typ 85 U i nom Nominal input voltage U i abs 1 LK 0.4 A 2.5 W 1.5 480 m 3200 400 F -400 400 V DC -400 400 Vp 210 EN 55022 Ui nom, Io nom Input voltage limits without damage AC frequency range 47...440 Hz (440 Hz for 115 V mains). Above 70 Hz (at Ui = 264 V AC) the earth lekage current may exceed 3.5 mA, specified in IEC/EN 60950. The built-in Y capacitors are specified for 100 Hz. Above 350 Hz the input voltage may not exceed 200 V AC. B B Input Fuse Inrush Current Peak Value A fuse mounted inside the converter protects the module against severe defects. If operated from a DC source this fuse may not fully protect the module when the input voltage exceeds 200 V DC! In applications where the converters operate at source voltages above 200 V DC an external fuse or a circuit breaker at system level should be installed! The inrush current peak value (initial switch-on cycle) can be determined by following calculation: (See also: Input Inrush Current Characteristic). Ui source Iinr p = ---------------- (Rs ext + Ri + RNTC) 04040 Table 3: Fuse Specification 1 Iinr p Rs ext Module Fuse type Fuse rating LK 1 slow-blow SPT 4 A, 250 V + RNTC Ri Ci int Ui source Fuse size 5 x 20 mm. Input Under-/Overvoltage Lock-out If the input voltage remains below approx. 0.8 Ui min or exceeds approx. 1.1 Ui max, an internally generated inhibit signal disables the output(s). When checking this function the absolute maximum input voltage rating U i abs should be considered! Between Ui min and the undervoltage lock-out level the output voltage may be below the value defined in table: Output data (see: Technical Information: Measuring and Testing). Fig. 3 Equivalent circuit diagram for input impedance Static Input Current Characteristic Ii (A) 04048 3.00 Reverse Polarity Protection The built-in bridge rectifier provides reverse polarity protection at the input. 1.00 Inrush Current Limitation The modules of the versions -7 incorporate an NTC resistor in the input circuitry which - at initial turn on - reduces the peak inrush current value by a factor of 5...10 to protect connectors and switching devices from damage. Subsequent switch-on cycles within short periods will cause an increase of the peak inrush current value due to the warming-up of the NTC resistor. (see also: option E) Edition 5/5.2000 0.40 1 2 3 4 5 6 Ui DC _______ Ui min DC Fig. 4 Input current versus relative input voltage 4/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters Input Transient Protection K Series Input Inrush Current Characteristic A VDR together with the input fuse and a symmetrical input filter form an effective protection against high input transient voltages. Iimp [A] 04050 130 Hold-up Time versus relative Input Voltage 100 th (ms) 04049 100.00 50 10.00 0 U AC i _______ 2.00 1 2 3 4 5 Ui min AC 6 2 1 3 t [ms] Fig. 6 Inrush current versus time at Ui max, Rext = 0 Fig. 5 Hold-up time th versus relative input voltage Ui/Ui min. Electrical Output Data General Conditions - TA = 25C, unless TC is specified. - Pin 18 (i) connected to pin 14 (S-/Vo1-), Uo adjusted to Uo nom (option P), R input not connected. - Sense line pin 12 (S+) and pin 14 (S-) connected to pin 4 (Vo+) and pin 8 (Vo-) respectively. Table 4a: Output data single output modules Output LK 1001 5.1 V Characteristics Conditions min Uo Output voltage Ui nom, Io nom 5.07 Uop Overvoltage protection (supressor diode) Io nom Output current 1 Ui min...Ui max TC min...TC max IoL Output current limit 4 Ui min...Ui max uo 7 Output Low frequency Ui nom, Io nom voltage IEC/EN 61204 Switching freq. noise BW = 20 MHz Total typ LK 1301 12.0 V max min typ 5.13 11.93 LK 1501 15.0 V max min typ 12.07 14.91 LK 1601 24.0 V max min typ 15.09 23.86 max Unit 24.14 V 7.6 21 26.5 43.5 25.0 12.0 10 6.0 A 5 mVpp 26 12.2 5 10.2 5 6.2 5 5 5 5 5 50 70 60 90 DUo U Static line regulation Ui min...Ui nom, Ui nom...Ui max, Io nom 15 25 30 30 DUo I Static load regulation Ui nom, Io = (0.1...1) Io nom 20 25 30 40 uo d 5 Dynamic Voltage Ui nom, Io = load deviation Io nom 1/2 Io nom regulat. IEC/EN 61204 Recovery time td 5 a Uo Temperature coefficient Ui min...Ui max 0...Io nom of output voltage 6 mV 100 100 100 80 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 ms -1 -1 -1 -1 mV/K 1 If the output voltages are increased above Uo nom through R-input control, option P setting, remote sensing or option T, the output currents should be reduced accordingly so that Po nom is not exceeded. 4 See: Output Voltage Regulation of Single Output Units or Double Output Modules with Outputs 1 and 2 Connected in Series. 5 See: Dynamic load regulation of U and U o1 o2. 6 Negative temperature coefficient (0...-3 mV/cell and K) available on request. 7 Measured according to IEC/EN 61204 sub clause 3.10 with a probe acc. to annex A of the same standards. (See:Technical Information: Measuring and Testing) Edition 5/5.2000 5/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters K Series Table 4b: Output data double output modules Output (Outputs connected in Series) Characteristics Output voltage Uop Overvoltage protection (supressor diode) Io nom Output current 1 Ui min...Ui max TC min...TC max IoL Output current limit 4 Ui min...Ui max 7 4 5 6 7 Ui nom, Io nom Output Low frequency Ui nom, Io nom voltage IEC/EN 61204 Switching freq. BW = 20 MHz noise 3 Total typ max min typ max LK 2660 48 V (2 x 24 V) min typ max Unit 24.0 2 30.0 2 48.0 2 38 48 74 6.0 5.0 3.0 A 5 mVpp 6.2 5.2 5 V 3.2 5 5 5 5 80 80 90 Static line regulation Ui min...Ui nom Ui nom...Ui max Io nom 40 30 50 DUo I Static load regulation Ui nom, Io = (0.1...1) Io nom 40 30 40 uo d 5 Dynamic Voltage Ui nom, Io = load deviation Io nom 1/2 Io nom regulat. IEC/EN 61204 Recovery time 140 140 90 0.2 0.2 0.2 ms Temperature coefficient Ui min...Ui max of output voltage 6 0...Io nom -2.2 -2.2 -2.6 mV/K a Uo 3 min LK 2540 30 V (2 x 15 V) DUo U td 5 2 Conditions Uo uo 1 LK 2320 24 V (2 x 12 V) mV If the output voltages are increased above Uo nom through R-input control, option P setting, remote sensing or option T, the output currents should be reduced accordingly so that Po nom is not exceeded. Series connection for Uo nom = 24 V, 30 V or 48 V, see: R-Function for different output configurations. Shortest possible wiring for series connection at the connector. See: Output Voltage Regulation of Single Output Units or Double Output Modules with Outputs 1 and 2 Connected in Series. See: Dynamic load regulation of U01 and U02. Negative temperature coefficient (0...-3 mV/cell and K) available on request. Measured according to IEC/EN 61204 sub clause 3.10 with a probe acc. to annex A of the same standards. (See:Technical Information: Measuring and Testing) Edition 5/5.2000 6/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters K Series Table 4c: Output data double output modules Output (Outputs independently loaded) 1 LK 2320 12 V/12 V Characteristics Conditions Uo Output voltage Ui nom, Io nom 2 Uop Overvoltage protection (supressor diode) Io nom Output current 3 Ui min...Ui max TC min...TC max IoL Output current limit 4 Ui min...Ui max Output 1 min uo 8 typ 11.93 LK 2540 15 V/15 V Output 2 max min typ 12.07 11.82 max min typ 12.18 14.91 max Output 2 min typ 15.09 14.78 max Unit 15.22 V 19 19 24 24 6.0 6.0 5.0 5.0 A mVpp 6.2 6.2 Output Low frequency Ui nom, Io nom voltage IEC/EN 61204 Switching freq. noise BW = 20 MHz Total Output 1 5.2 5.2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 40 25 50 Static line regulation Ui min...Ui nom Ui nom...Ui max Io nom 30 DUo I Static load regulation Ui nom, Io = (0.1...1) Io nom 5 100 uo d 6 Dynamic Voltage Ui nom, Io = Io nom 1/2 Io nom load deviation regulat. IEC/EN 61204 Recovery time 80 80 0.2 0.2 ms Temperature coefficient Ui min...Ui max of output voltage 7 0...Io nom -1.1 -1.1 mV/K td 6 a Uo 40 20 DUo U 30 5 100 40 mV 5 Table 4d: Output data double output modules Output (Outputs independently loaded) 1 LK 2660 24 V/24 V Characteristics Conditions Uo Output voltage Ui nom, Io nom 2 Uop Overvoltage protection (supressor diode) Io nom Output current 3 Ui min...Ui max TC min...TC max IoL Output current limit 4 Ui min...Ui max uo 8 Output Low frequency Ui nom, Io nom voltage IEC/EN 61204 Switching freq. noise BW = 20 MHz Total Output 1 min typ 23.86 Output 2 max max Unit 2 24.36 V 3 37 3.0 3.0 A 3 3 mVpp 3 3 3.2 3.2 4 5 50 20 Ui min...Ui nom, Ui nom...Ui max, Io nom 30 DUo I Static load regulation Ui nom, Io = (0.1...1) Io nom 5 50 a Uo typ 37 Static line regulation td 6 min 24.14 23.64 DUo U uo d 6 1 50 mV 6 5 7 Dynamic Voltage Ui nom, Io = load deviation Io nom 1/2 Io nom regulat. IEC/EN 61204 Recovery time 50 0.2 ms Temperature coefficient Ui min...Ui max of output voltage 7 0...Io nom -1.3 mV/K Edition 5/5.2000 8 Depending upon the desired output configuration the wiring should be made as shown in: R-Function for different output configurations. Same conditions for both outputs. If the control voltages are increased above Uo nom via R-input control, option P setting, remote sensing or option T, the output currents should be reduced accordingly so that Po nom is not exceeded. See: Output voltage regulation of single output units. Condition for specified output. Other output loaded with constant current Io = Io nom. See: Output voltage regulation of double output modules with output 1 and 2 in symmetrical configuration. See: Typical dynamic load regulation of Uo1 and Uo2. Negative temperature coefficient (0....-3 mV/cell and K) available on request. Measured according to IEC/EN 61204 sub clause 3.10 with a probe acc. to annex A of the same standards. (See: Technical Information: Measuring and Testing.) 7/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters K Series Thermal Considerations Parallel or Series Connection of Units If a converter is located in free, quasi-stationary air (convection cooling) at the indicated maximum ambient temperature TA max (see table: Temperature specifications) and is operated at its nominal input voltage and output power, the temperature measured at the Measuring point of case temperature TC (see: Mechanical Data) will approach the indicated value TC max after the warm-up phase. However, the relationship between TA and TC depends heavily on the conditions of operation and integration into a system. The thermal conditions are influenced by input voltage, output current, airflow and temperature of surrounding components and surfaces. TA max is therefore, contrary to TC max, an indicative value only. Single or double output units with equal nominal output voltage can be connected in parallel without any precautions using option T. Caution: The installer must ensure that under all operating conditions TC remains within the limits stated in the table: Temperature specifications. Notes: Sufficient forced cooling or an additional heat sink allows TA to be higher than 71C (e.g. 85C) if TC max is not exceeded. For -7 or -9 units at an ambient temperature TA of 85C with only convection cooling, the maximum permissible current for each output is approx. 40% of its nominal value as per figure. With option T (current sharing), all units share the current approximately equally. Single output units and/or main and second outputs of double output units can be connected in series with any other (similar) output. Note: - Parallel connection of double output units should always include both, main and second output to maintain good regulation of both outputs. - Not more than 5 units should be connected in parallel. - Series connection of second outputs without involving their main outputs should be avoided as regulation may be poor. - The maximum output current is limited by the output with the lowest current limitation if several outputs are connected in series. 05072 Uo1 Uo1d Ur Uo1d Io /Io nom td Forced cooling td t 05089 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 Ur Uo2 Uo2d Convection cooling TC max t Io1/Io1 nom Io2/Io2 nom 1 0.5 <10 s <10 s t 0 TA min 50 60 70 80 90 100 TA [C] Fig. 7 Output current derating versus temperature for -7 and -9. Thermal Protection A temperature sensor generates an internal inhibit signal which disables the outputs if the case temperature exceeds TC max. The outputs are automatically re-enabled if the temperature drops below this limit. It is recommended that continuous operation under simultaneous extreme worst case conditions of the following three parameters be avoided: Minimum input voltage, maximum output power and maximum temperature. Fig. 8 Control deviation of uo1/2 d vs. dynamic load change. Output Voltage Regulation of Single or Double Output Modules with Outputs1 and 2 Connected in Series Uo Uo nom 05068 0.98 0.5 Io1 IoL Output Protection Each output is protected against overvoltage which could occur due to a failure of the control circuit by means of a voltage suppressor diode which, under worst case conditions, may become a short circuit. The suppressor diodes are not designed to withstand externally applied overvoltages. Overload at any of the two outputs will cause a shut-down of both outputs. A red LED indicates the overload condition. Edition 5/5.2000 0 0.5 1.0 Io Io nom Fig. 9 Uo1 versus Io1 (typ.) of single output units 8/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters K Series Output Voltage Regulation of Double Output Modules with Output 1 and 2 in Symmetrical Configuration Output 1 is under normal conditions regulated to Uo1 nom, independent of the output currents. Uo2 is dependent upon the load distribution. When both outputs are loaded with more than 10% of Io nom, the deviation of Uo2 remains within 5% of the value of Uo1. The following 3 figures show the regulation with varying load distribution. If Io1 = Io2 or the two outputs are connected in series, the deviation of Uo2 remains within 1% of the value of Uo1 provided that a total load of more than 10% of Io nom is applied. Two outputs of a single K 2000 module connected in parallel will behave like the output of a K 1000 module; the paralleled output is fully regulated. No precautions are necessary in using the R-input and the test sockets. [V] Uo2 05107 26.0 Io1 = 3.0 A Io1 = 2.0 A Io1 = 1.0 A Io1 = 0.5 A Io1 = 0.3 A 25.5 25.0 24.5 24.0 23.5 [V] Uo2 23.0 05105 12.6 0 Io1 = 6.0 A Io1 = 4.5 A Io1 = 3.0 A Io1 = 1.5 A Io1 = 0.6 A 12.4 12.2 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 Io2 [A] Io nom Fig. 12 LK 2660: DUo2 (typ.) versus Io2 with different Io1 12.0 11.8 11.6 11.4 11.2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Io2 [A] 8 Io nom Fig. 10 LK 2320: DUo2 (typ.) vs. Io2 with different Io1 [V] Uo2 05106 15.75 Io1 = 5.00 A Io1 = 3.75 A Io1 = 2.50 A Io1 = 1.25 A Io1 = 0.50 A 15.50 15.25 15.00 14.75 14.50 14.25 14.00 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Io2 [A] Io nom Fig. 11 LK 2540: DUo2 (typ.) versus Io2 with different Io1 Edition 5/5.2000 9/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters K Series Auxiliary Functions i Inhibit for Remote On and Off Note: With open i input: Output is disabled (Uo = off). The outputs of the module may be enabled or disabled by means of a logic signal (TTL, CMOS, etc.) applied between the inhibit input i and the negative pin of output 1 (Vo1-). In systems with several units, this feature can be used, for example, to control the activation sequence of the converters. If the inhibit function is not required, connect the inhibit pin 18 to pin 14 to enable the outputs (active low logic, fail safe). For output response refer to: Hold-up Time and Output Response. 06031 Vo+ Vi+ i I inh Uinh = 2.4 V 06032 1.6 Fig. 15 Output response as a function of inhibit control To ensure correct operation, both sense lines (S+ and S-) should be connected to their respective power outputs (Vo1+ and Vo1-) and the voltage difference between any sense line and its respective power output pin (as measured on the connector) should not exceed the following values: 1.2 0.8 Uo = on t 0 For further information, please refer to: Application Notes . 2.0 0.4 Inhibit 1 This feature enables for compensation of voltage drops across the connector contacts and if necessary, across the load lines. If the sense lines are connected at the load rather than directly at the connector, the user should ensure that Uo max (between Vo1+ and Vo1-) is not exceeded. We recommend connecting the sense lines directly at the female connector. Vo- Uinh = 0.8 V t tf tr (Only for single output units 5.1 V, 12 V, 15 V, 24 V) Fig. 13 Definition of Uinh and Iinh. Iinh [mA] 0.1 0 Sense Lines U inh Vi- 06001 Uo /Uo nom 1 Uo = off Table 6: Maximum Voltage compensation allowed using sense lines 0 -0.4 -0.8 -50 -30 -10 0 10 30 50 Uinh [V] Fig. 14 Typical inhibit current I inh versus inhibit voltage U inh Output voltage Total voltage difference between sense lines and their respective outputs Voltage difference between Vo- and S- 5.1 V <0.5 V <0.25 V 12 V, 15 V <1.0 V <0.25 V Table 5: Inhibit characteristics Characteristic Conditions min Uinh Inhibit Uo = on voltage Uo = off Ui min...Ui max -50 0.8 2.4 50 Iinh Inhibit current Uinh = 0 tr Rise time tf Fall time Edition 5/5.2000 typ max Unit -400 30 depending on Io V A ms If the output voltages are increased above Uo nom via R-input control, option P setting, remote sensing or option T, the output currents must be reduced accordingly so that Po nom is not exceeded. Important: The output terminals Vo1+ and Vo1- must always be connected to the load before connecting the sense lines S+ and S-, otherwise the unit will be damaged. 10/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters K Series Programmable Output Voltage (R-Function) As a standard feature, the modules offer an adjustable output voltage, identified by letter R in the type designation. The control input R (pin 16) accepts either a control voltage Uext or a resistor Rext to adjust the desired output voltage. When not connected, the control input automatically sets the output voltage to Uo nom. a) Adjustment by means of an external control voltage Uext between pin 16 (R) and pin 14: The control voltage range is 0...2.75 V DC and allows an output voltage adjustment in the range of approximately 0...110% Uo nom. Uo Uext = ------ * 2.5 V (approximate formula) Uo nom b) Adjustment by means of an external resistor: Depending upon the value of the required output voltage the resistor shall be connected - If the output voltages are increased above Uo nom via Rinput control, option P setting, remote sensing or option T, the output current(s) should be reduced accordingly so that Po nom is not exceeded. - The R-input (as well as option P) is related to the main output. - With double output units the second output follows the value of the controlled main output. Resistor values as indicated for the single output units should be used. - For correct output voltage adjustment of double output units the external wiring of the outputs should be according to: R-Function for different output configuration depending upon the desired output configuration. - In case of parallel connection the output voltages should be individually set within a tolerance of 1...2%. 16 Module or: Between pin 16 and pin 12 (Uo > Uo nom) to achieve an output voltage adjustment range of approximately 100...110% Uo nom. 14 Warning: Uext S- N Vo1+ Module S+ R'ext R 16 14 S- Rext Vo1- P - The R-Function excludes option P (output voltage adjustment by potentiometer). + Vo1- 12 Remarks: R P - Uext shall never exceed 2.75 V DC. - The value of R'ext shall never be less than the lowest value as indicated in table R'ext (for Uo > Uo nom) to avoid damage to the unit! 06003 Vo1+ N either: Between pin 16 and pin 14 (Uo < Uo nom) to achieve an output voltage adjustment range of approximately 0...100% Uo nom Fig. 16 Output voltage control for single output units LK 1000 by means of the R input Table 7a: Rext for Uo < Uo nom; approximate values (Ui nom, Io nom, series E 96 resistors); R'ext = Uo nom = 5.1 V Uo (V) Rext [k] 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 0.422 1 1.62 2.16 3.83 5.61 9.09 14.7 28.7 196 Uo nom = 12 V Uo [V] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 Uo nom = 15 V Uo [V] 1 Rext [k] 0.825 1.3 1.96 2.87 3.83 5.62 8.28 12.1 19.6 42.2 2 4 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 4 8 12 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 Uo nom = 24 V Uo [V] 1 Rext [k] 0.56 1.47 2.61 4.64 6.19 8.25 11.0 16.2 26.1 56.2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 Rext [k] 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 0.825 1.33 1.96 2.87 3.83 5.61 8.25 12.1 19.6 46.4 Table 7b: R'ext for Uo > Uo nom; approximate values (Ui nom, Io nom, series E 96 resistors); Rext = Uo nom = 5.1 V Uo [V] 5.15 5.2 5.25 5.3 5.35 5.4 5.45 5.5 1 R'ext [k] 422 215 147 110 90.9 75 61.9 56.2 Uo 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.7 12.8 13.0 13.2 Uo nom = 12 V Uo nom = 15 V [V] 1 [V] 1 24.2 24.4 24.6 24.8 25.0 25.2 25.4 25.6 26.0 26.4 R'ext [k] 1780 909 623 464 383 316 286 234 196 162 Uo 15.2 15.4 15.6 15.8 16.0 16.2 16.4 16.5 30.4 30.8 31.2 31.6 32.0 32.4 32.8 33.0 Uo nom = 24 V Uo [V] 1 R'ext [k] 1470 750 511 383 316 261 237 215 24.25 24.5 24.75 25.0 25.25 25.5 25.75 26.0 26.25 26.4 R'ext [k] 48.5 49.0 49.5 50.0 50.5 51.0 51.5 52.0 52.5 52.8 3160 1620 1100 825 681 562 511 464 422 383 First column: single output units or double output units with separated outputs, second column: outputs in series connection Edition 5/5.2000 11/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters K Series R-Function for different output configurations 06004 Vo2+ 4 Vo2+ 6 Vo2- 8 Vo2- 10 Vo1+ Vo1- + Uo1 2 1 12 - 14 Rext R 24 V 30 V 48 V Vo2+ 4 Vo2+ 6 Vo2- 8 Vo2- 10 Vo1+ 12 Vo1- 14 R 16 R'ext Vo2- 8 Vo2- 10 Vo1+ 12 Vo1- 14 R 16 1 Uo2 6 1 -12/-15/-24 V - Uo1 + Vo2+ 4 Vo2+ 6 Vo2- 8 Vo2- 10 Vo1+ 12 Vo1- 14 R 16 Vo2+ 6 Vo2- 8 Vo2- 10 Vo1+ 12 Vo1- 14 R 16 Uo1 Rext 12 V 15 V 24 V 12 V 15 V 24 V 2 1 Uo1 + 1 1 R'ext A ceramic multilayer capacitor connected across the load reduces ripple and spikes. Shortest possible wiring for series connection at the female connector - + 1 R'ext Fig. 17e LK 2000 with H15 connector. R-input for output voltage control. Wiring of main and second output for two output voltages Uo1 and Uo2: 12 V/12 V or 15 V/15 V or 24 V/24 V, the outputs are galvanically isolated. Edition 5/5.2000 +12/+15/+24 V Fig. 17d LK 2000 with H15 connector. R-input for output voltage control. Wiring of main and second output for two output voltages Uo1 and Uo2: +12 V and +24 V or +15 V and +30 V or +24 V and +48 V. + Uo2 + Uo2 Rext 1 4 06007 +24/+30/+48 V 0V 06008 Vo2+ R'ext Fig. 17b LK 2000 with H15 connector. R-input for output voltage control. Wiring for output voltage 12 V or 15 V or 24 V with main and second output connected in parallel. R'ext Fig. 17c LK 2000 with H15 connector. R-input for output voltage control. Wiring of main and second output for two symmetrical output voltages Uo1 and Uo2: 12 V or 15 V or 24 V. 1 - 2 +12/+15/+24 V Rext 12 V Uo1 15 V 24 V 06006 0V 4 + Rext 16 Fig. 17a LK 2000 with H15 connector. R-input for output voltage control. Wiring for output voltage 24 V or 30 V or 48 V with main and second output connected in series. Vo2+ 06005 Vo2+ - Remarks: Double output units fitted with H-15 connectors have the output pins of the second output, pins 4/6 and 8/10, internally paralleled. It is recommended that pins 4/6 and 8/10 be directly paralleled at the female connector as well to reduce the voltage drop across the connector. Please note: Uo2 varies depending upon its own load and the load on output 1. 12/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters K Series Display Status of LEDs 06002 Uo1 > 0.95...0.98Uo1 adj OK i Io L Ui Ui uv Ui min Ui max Ui ov Uo1 > 0.95...0.98Uo1 adj Fig. 18 LEDs "OK", "i" and "Io L" status versus input voltage Conditions: Io Io nom, TC TC max, Uinh 0.8 V Ui uv = undervoltage lock-out, Ui ov = overvoltage lock-out Ui abs Uo1 < 0.95...0.98Uo1 adj OK Io L Io nom Io LEDs "OK" and "Io L" status versus output current Conditions: Ui min...Ui max, TC TC max, Uinh 0.8 V TC LED "i" versus case temperature Conditions: Ui min...Ui max, Io Io nom, Uinh 0.8 V Ui inh LED "i" versus Uinh Conditions: Ui min...Ui max, Io Io nom, TC TC max IoL i TC max TPTC threshold Uinh threshold i -50 V LED off +0.8 V +2.4 V LED Status undefined +50 V LED on Test Sockets (Main output only ) Test sockets for measuring the output voltage Uo1 are located at the front of the module. The positive test socket is protected by a series resistor (see: Functional Description, block diagrams). The voltage measured at the test sockets is approximately 30 mV lower than the value measured at the output terminals. In case of double output units externally connected in series for Uo = 24 V, 30 V or 48 V the monitored output voltage is 12 V, 15 V or 24 V respectively. Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Electromagnetic Emission factor y (Irms bat /Iload) 06037 0.6 [dBV/m] 50 07077 A 40 B 0.4 30 0.2 20 10 100 300 500 200 5 6 Fig. 19 Typical disturbance voltage (quasi-peak) at the input according to CISPR 11/22 and EN 55011/22, measured at Ui nom and Io nom. Edition 5/5.2000 [MHz] 0 3 4 1000 Rsys [m] 100 10 50 Number of LT units: 1 2 30 0 1.0 Fig. 20 Typical radiated electromagnetic field strength (quasipeak) according to CISPR 11/22 and EN 55011/22, normalized to a distance of 10 m, measured at Ui nom and Io nom. 13/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters A suppressor diode or a metal oxide VDR (depending upon the type) together with an input fuse and an input filter form an effective protection against high input transient voltages K Series which typically occur in most installations, but especially in battery driven mobile applications. The S-series has been successfully tested to the following specifications: Electromagnetic Immunity Table 8: Immunity type tests Phenomenon Standard 1 Voltage surge IEC 60571-1 Supply related surge RIA 12 Direct transient Level Coupling mode 2 i/c, +i/-i B +i/-i C +i/c, -i/c Electrostatic discharge (to case) Waveform Source imped. Test procedure 100 1 pos. and 1 neg. voltage surge per coupling mode yes A 800 Vp 100 s 1500 Vp 50 s 3000 Vp 5 s 4000 Vp 1 s 7000 Vp 100 ns 1.5 * Ubatt 1s 0.2 1 positive surge yes A 5 5 pos. and 5 neg. impulses yes B 960 Vp 10/100 s 1800 Vp 5/50 s E 3600 Vp 0.5/5 s F 4800 Vp 0.1/1 s 8400 Vp 0.05/0.1 s 1800 Vp 5/50 s J 3600 Vp 0.5/5 s K 4800 Vp 0.1/1 s L 8400 Vp 0.05/0.1 s contact discharge 8000 Vp 1/50 ns 330 A 15000 Vp 10 positive and 10 negative discharges yes air discharge antenna 10 V/m AM 80% 1 kHz n.a. 26...1000 MHz yes A 900 5 MHz yes A H IEC/EN 61000-4-2 4 Electromagnetic IEC/EN field 61000-4-3 3 +o/c, -o/c Electromagnetic ENV 50204 field, pulse modulated Electrical fast transient/burst IEC/EN 61000-4-4 Surge IEC/EN 61000-4-5 Conducted disturbances IEC/EN 61000-4-6 In Peroper. form. 3 D G Indirect coupled transient Value applied 100 50% duty cycle, 200 Hz repetition frequency 4 capacitive, o/c 2000 Vp 1 min positive 1 min negative transients per coupling mode yes A 4000 Vp bursts of 5/50 ns 2.5/5 kHz over 15 ms; burst period: 300 ms 50 i/o, +i/-i direct 2000 Vp 1.2/50 s 12 5 pos. and 5 neg. surges per coupling mode yes A 2 150 0.15...80 MHz yes A 3 i/c 4 +i/-i 3 i, o, signal wires 10 Vrms (140 dBV) AM 80% 1 kHz 1 Related and previous standards are referenced in Technical Information: Standards. i = input, o = output, c = case. 3 A = Normal operation, no deviation from specifications, B = Normal operation, temporary deviation from specs possible. 4 Test in progress, please consult factory. 2 Note: Previous standards are referenced in: Technical Information: Standards Edition 5/5.2000 14/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters K Series Immunity to Environmental Conditions Table 9: Mechanical stress Test method Standard Test conditions Status Damp heat steady state IEC/DIN IEC 60068-2-3 MIL-STD-810D section 507.2 Temperature: Relative humidity: Duration: 40 2 C Ea Shock (half-sinusoidal) IEC/EN/DIN EN 60068-2-27 MIL-STD-810D section 516.3 Acceleration amplitude: Bump duration: Number of bumps: 100 gn = 981 m/s2 6 ms 18 (3 each direction) Unit operating Eb Bump (half-sinusoidal) IEC/EN/DIN EN 60068-2-29 MIL-STD-810D section 516.3 Acceleration amplitude: Bump duration: Number of bumps: 40 gn = 392 m/s2 6 ms 6000 (1000 each direction) Unit operating Fc Vibration (sinusoidal) IEC/EN/DIN EN 60068-2-6 MIL-STD-810D section 514.3 Acceleration amplitude: Unit operating Frequency (1 Oct/min): Test duration: 0.35 mm (10...60 Hz) 5 gn = 49 m/s2 (60...2000 Hz) 10...2000 Hz 7.5 h (2.5 h each axis) Ca Unit not operating 93 +2/-3 % 56 days Fda Random vibration wide band Reproducibility high IEC 60068-2-35 DIN 40046 part 23 Acceleration spectral density: Frequency band: Acceleration magnitude: Test duration: 0.05 g n2 /Hz 20...500 Hz 4.9 gn rms 3 h (1 h each axis) Unit operating Kb Salt mist, cyclic (sodium chloride NaCl solution) IEC/EN/DIN IEC 60068-2-52 Concentration: Duration: Storage: Storage duration: Number of cycles: 5% (30C) 2 h per cycle 40C, 93% rel. humidity 22 h per cycle 3 Unit not operating Table 10: Temperature specifications, values given are for an air pressure of 800...1200 hPa (800...1200 mbar) Temperature Standard -7 Option -9 Characteristics Conditions min max min max TA Ambient temperature -25 71 -40 71 TC Case temperature U i min...U i max I o = 0...I o nom -25 95 -40 95 TS Storage temperature Not operational -40 100 -55 100 Unit C Table 11: MTBF Values at Specified Case Temperature Type MTBF 1 LK 1000 LK 2000 Device 1 2 hours 2 Ground Benign 40C 500'000 Ground Fixed 40C 70C 150'000 Ground Mobile 50C Unit 50'000 h 80'000 500'000 Calcualted in accordance with MIL-HDBK217F. Statistical values, based on an average of 4300 working hours per year and in general field use, over 3 years. Edition 5/5.2000 15/26 AC-DC Converters K Series Mechanical Data 7 TE 29.9 19.7 Test jacks (+/-) Option P (Uo) Option D (Uto) Option D (Uti) Gravitational axis 9.5 4.5 LED i (red) 51.5 Measuring point of case temperature TC 6.5 89 111 (3U) 4.5 30.3 159 7.0 10.3 12.1 20.3 Dimensions in mm. Tolerances 0.3 mm unless otherwise indicated. 9 TE 3.27 09002 Cassette Style LED OK (green) LED IoL (red) = O 3.5 = O 4.1 50 42 171.93 (DIN 41494) 80 Main face d Back plate 168.5 0.5 25.9 11.8 Front plate Note: - d 15 mm, recommended minimum distance to next part to ensure proper air circulation at full output power. - free air locations: the module should be mounted with fins in vertical position to achieve a maximum air flow through the heat sink. European Projection 5 50 5 158 7 TE 3.27 4 TE 09003 Fig. 21 Aluminium case K02 with heatsink, black finish and self cooling, weight: Approx. 1.55 kg 101 111 (3U) M4 Measuring point of case temperature TC 17.3 133.4 168 0.5 171.93 (DIN 41494) Fig. 22 Aluminium case K02 with option B1 (cooling plate), black finish and self cooling. Total weight: Approx. 1.15 kg Edition 5/5.2000 47.2 5 Note: Long case with S-type heatsink or B2 cooling plate, elongated by 60 mm for 220 mm rack depth, is available on request. (No LED's, no test jacks) 16/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters K Series Safety and Installation Instructions Connector Pin Allocation The connector pin allocation table defines the electrical potentials and the physical pin positions on the H15, H15 S4 connector. Pin no. 24, the protective earth pin present on all LK AC-DC converters is leading, ensuring that it makes contact with the female connector first. 10010 10010 Fixtures for connector retention clips V (see Accessory Products) 32 Fixtures for connector retention clips V (see Accessory Products) 30/32 4 4/6 Type H15 S4 Type H15 Fig. 23 View of module's male H15 connector Fig. 24 View of module's male H15 S4 connector Table 12: H15 Connector pin allocation Pin No. 4 6 8 10 Connector type H15 S4 LK 1001 Vo1+ Output 1 Vo1- Output 1 Vo2+ Output 2 Vo1+ Output 1 Vo2+ Output 2 Vo1- Output 1 Vo2- Output 2 Vo1- Output 1 Vo2- Output 2 S+ Sense S+ Sense Vo1+ Output 1 S- Sense S- Sense Vo1- Output 1 16 R1 Control of U o1 R1 Control of U o1 R1 Control of U o1 18 i Inhibit i Inhibit i Inhibit 20 D3 Save data D Save data D Save Data T Current sharing T Current sharing 26 28 30 32 3 LK 2000 Output 1 14 V3 ACFAIL T Current sharing 24 2 2 LK 1301/1501/1601 Vo1+ 12 22 1 Connector type H 15 Protective earth N P Neutral Phase Protective earth N Neutral N P P Protective earth N Neutral Neutral N Neutral Phase P Phase Phase P Phase Feature R excludes option P and, vice versa Leading pin (pregrounding) Option D excludes option V and vice versa. Standards and Approvals All AC-DC converters correspond to class I equipment. They are UL recognized according to UL 1950, UL recognized for Canada to CAN/CSA C22.2 No. 950-95 and LGA approved to IEC/EN 60950 standards. The units have been evaluated for: * Building in * Basic insulation between input and case, based on 250 V AC and 400 V DC * Double or reinforced insulation between input and output, based on 250 V AC and 400 V DC * Basic insulation between output and case based on 200 V AC and DC Edition 5/5.2000 * Operational insulation between output and output * The use in a pollution degree 2 environment * Connecting the input to a primary or secondary circuit which is subject to a maximum transient rating of 2500 V (overvoltage category III based on a 110 V primary circuit, overvoltage category II based on a 230 V primary circuit). The AC-DC converters are subject to manufacturing surveillance in accordance with the above mentioned UL, CSA, EN and with ISO 9001 standards. 17/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters K Series Installation Instructions The K series AC-DC converters are components, intended exclusively for inclusion within other equipment by an industrial assembly operation or by professional installers. Installation must strictly follow the national safety regulations in compliance with the enclosure, mounting, creepage, clearance, casualty, markings and segregation requirements of the end-use application. Connection to the system shall be made via the female connector H15/H15 S4 (see: Accessories). Other installation methods may not meet the safety requirements. The AC-DC converters are provided with pin no. 24 ( ), which is reliably connected with their case. For safety reasons it is essential to connect this pin with the protective earth of the supply system. An input fuse is built-in in the connection from pins no. 30 and 32 (P ) of the unit. Since this fuse is designed to protect the unit in case of an overcurrent and does not necessarily cover all customer needs, an external fuse suitable for the application and in compliance with the local requirements might be necessary in the wiring to one or both input potentials, pins nos. 26 and 28 and/or nos. 30 and 32. Important: Whenever the inhibit function is not in use, pin no. 18 (i) should be connected to pin no. 14 (S-/Vo1-) to enable the output(s). Do not open the modules, or guarantee will be invalidated. Due to high current values, all LK units provide two internally parallel connected contacts for certain paths (pins 4/6, 8/10, 26/28 and 30/32, respectively). It is recommended to connect load and supply to both female connector pins of each path in order to keep the voltage drop across the connector pins to an absolute minimum and to not overstress the connector contacts if currents are higher than approx. 8 A. The connector contacts are rated 8 A over the whole temperature range. Make sure that there is sufficient air flow available for convection cooling. This should be verified by measuring the case temperature when the unit is installed and operated in the end-use application. The maximum specified case temperature TC max shall not be exceeded. See also: Thermal Considerations. If the end-product is to be UL certified, the temperature of the main isolation transformer should be evaluated as part of the end-product investigation. Check for hazardous voltages before altering any connections. Ensure that a unit failure (e.g. by an internal short-circuit) does not result in a hazardous condition. See also: Safety of operator accessible output circuit. Isolation The electric strength test is performed as factory test in accordance with IEC/EN 60950 and UL 1950 and should not be repeated in the field. Power-One will not honour any guarantee claims resulting from electric strength field tests. Important: Testing by applying AC voltages will result in high and dangerous leakage currents flowing through the Y-capacitors (see fig.: Block diagram). Protection Degree Condition: Female connector fitted to the unit. IP 30: All units except those with option P, and except those with option D or V with potentiometer. IP 20: All units fitted with option P, or with option D or V with potentiometer. Table 13: Isolation Characteristic Electric strength test voltage Input to case Input to output Required according to IEC/EN 60950 1.5 3.0 1 2.1 4.2 1 Actual factory test 1 s 2.8 5.6 1 AC test voltage equivalent to actual factory test 2.0 4.0 1 1.0 0.1 kVrms >300 >300 >300 >100 2 M Insulation resistance at 500 V DC 1 2 Output to Output to case output - Unit - kVrms - - kV DC 1.4 0.14 In accordance with IEC/EN 60950 only subassemblies are tested in factory with this voltage. Tested at 100 V DC. For creepage distances and clearances refer to: Technical Information: Safety. Cleaning Agents In order to avoid possible damage, any penetration of cleaning fluids is to be prevented, since the power supplies are not hermetically sealed. Edition 5/5.2000 18/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters K Series Leakage Currents in AC-DC operation 1500 MI 10061 Leakage currents flow due to internal leakage capacitance and RFI suppression Y-capacitors. The current values are proportional to the mains voltage and nearly proportional to the mains frequency and are specified at an input voltage of 264 V (50 Hz) where phase, neutral and protective earth are correctly connected as required for class I equipment. 500 Under test conditions the leakage current flows through a measuring instrument (MI) as described in fig.: Measuring instrument for earth leakage current tests, which takes into account impedance and sensitivity of a person touching unearthed accessible parts. The current value is calculated by dividing the measured voltage by 500 . If inputs and/or outputs of K-units are connected in parallel, their individual leakage currents are added. 10064 P P Vo+ N Vo- N 10 k 220 nF MI for earth leakage current 22 nF V Fig. 26 Test set-up Fig. 25 Measuring instrument (MI) for earth leaking current tests according to IEC/EN 60950. Table 14: Leakage currents Characteristic Maximum earth leakage current Class I LK 1000, LK 2000 Unit Permissible according to IEC/EN 60950 3.5 mA Specified value at 264 V, 50 Hz 1.43 Safety of operator accessible output circuit If the output circuit of an AC-DC converter is operator accessible, it shall be an SELV circuit according to the IEC/EN 60950 related safety standards. The following table shows a possible installation configuration, compliance with which causes the output circuit of an K series AC-DC converter to be an SELV circuit according to IEC/EN 60950 up to a configured output voltage (sum of nominal voltages if in series or +/- configuration) of 36 V. However, it is the sole responsibility of the installer to assure the compliance with the relevant and applicable safety regulations. More information is given in Technical Information: Safety. If the K series AC-DC converters are used as DC-DC converters, please refer to the data sheet DC-DC converters >100 W: K series. Table 15: Safety concept leading to an SELV output circuit 1 Conditions AC-DC converter Installation Result Nominal voltage Grade of insulation between input and output provided by the AC-DC converter Measures to achieve the resulting safety status of the output circuit Safety status of the AC-DC converter output circuit Mains 250 V AC Double or reinforced Earthed case 1 and installation according to the applicable standards SELV circuit The earth connection has to be provided by the installer according to the relevant safety standards, e.g. IEC/EN 60950. Mains ~ ~ 10021 Fuse Fuse + AC-DC converter SELV - Earth connection Fig. 27 Schematic safety concept. Use fuses and earth connection as per: Installation Instructions and table: Safety concept leading to an SELV output circuit. Edition 5/5.2000 19/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters K Series Description of Options Table 16: Survey of options Option Function of option Characteristic -9 Extended operational ambient temperature range TA = -40...71C E Electronic inrush current limitation circuitry Active inrush current limitation P1 Potentiometer for fine adjustment of output voltage Adjustment range +10/-60% of U o nom, excludes R input D2 Input and/or output undervoltage monitoring circuitry Safe data signal output (D0...DD) V23 Input and/or output undervoltage monitoring circuitry ACFAIL signal according to VME specifications (V0, V2, V3) T B1/B2 1 2 3 Current sharing Interconnect T-pins if paralleling outputs (5 units max.) Cooling plate Replaces standard heat sink, allowing direct chassis-mounting Function R excludes option P and vice versa Option D excludes option V and vice versa Only available if main output voltage Uo1 = 5.1 V -9 Extended Temperature Range Option -9 extends the operational ambient temperature range from -25...71C (standard to -40...71C. The power supplies provide full nominal output power with convection cooling. Option -9 excludes inrush current limitation by NTC. The potentiometer provides an output voltage adjustment range of +10/-60% of Uo nom and is accessible through a hole in the front cover. This feature enables compensation of voltage drops across the connector and wiring. Option P is not recommended if units are connected in parallel. Option P excludes the R-function. With double output units both outputs are affected by the potentiometer setting (doubling the voltage setting if the outputs are in series). If the output voltages are increased above Uo nom via R-input control, option P setting, remote sensing or option T, the output current(s) should be reduced accordingly so that Po nom is not exceeded. E Inrush Current Limitation The converters may be supplemented by an electronic circuit (option E, replacing the standard built-in NTC) to achieve an enhanced inrush current limiting function. Table 17: Inrush current characteristics with option E Characteristics Ui = 230 V AC LK 20 15 Capacitor Ci fully charged max - 21.7 A t inr Inrush current duration 35 50 ms RS RI -5 -10 t [ms] -15 0 20 tinr 40 60 80 Fig. 29 Inrush current with option E Precaution: Subsequent switch-on cycles at start-up are limited to max. 10 cycles during the first 20 seconds (cold unit) and at continuing on/off (TC = 95C) max. 1 cycle every 8 sec. Converter PFC - Control FET 0 11001 Peak inrush current Control Normal operation (FET fully conducting) 5 Unit typ Iinr p Input Filter 10065 LK type Ui = 230 V AC Po = Po nom 10 P Potentiometer Rectifier Ii [A] Ci Fig. 28 Option E block diagram Edition 5/5.2000 20/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters K Series T Current Sharing This option ensures that the output currents are approximately shared between all paralleled modules and increases system reliability. To use this facility, simply interconnect the T pins of all modules and make sure, that pins 14, the S- pin (LK 1000) or the Vo1- pins (LK 2000) are also connected together. The load leads should have equal length and cross section to ensure equal voltage drops. Not more than 5 units should be connected in parallel. If output voltage adjustment is requested we strongly recommend to use the R-input instead of option P, as with option P the required setting accuracy is difficult to achieve. Vo+ N 2 1 S+ T The output voltages must be individually set prior to paralleling to within a tolerance of 1...2% or the R pins should be connected together. 11003 Vo+ Load Vo- Vo+ Vo- Vo+ Vo- 11004 1 Fig. 31 An example of poor wiring for connection in parallel P Vo2+ Vo2- Load Vo+ N P Module 2 2 3 T 11037 Vo1+ S+ T 1 S- Vo- 1 Vo1- 3 Load Vo2+ max. 5 units connected in parallel 1 Power bus + - 3 S- Vo- Vo2- Leads should have equal length and cross sections and should run in the same cable loom. Diodes recommended in redundant operation only DC common point Fig. 30 Paralleling of single output units using option T with the sense lines connected at the load Module T Vo1+ Vo1- max. 5 units in parallel connection Fig. 32 Paralleling of double output units using option T with Power bus. D Undervoltage Monitor The input and/or output undervoltage monitoring circuit operates independently of the built-in input undervoltage lockout circuit. A logic "low" (JFET output) or "high" signal (NPN output) is generated at pin 20 as soon as one of the monitored voltages drops below the preselected threshold level Ut. The return for this signal is Vo1-. The D output recovers when the monitored voltage(s) exceed(s) Ut + Uh. The threshold level U ti is adjusted in the factory. The threshold level U to is either adjusted by a potentiometer, accessible through a hole in the front cover, or factory adjusted to a fixed value specified by the customer. Option D exists in various versions D0...DD as shown in the following table. Table 18: Undervoltage monitor functions Output type JFET NPN D5 no yes - 3.5...40 V 1 D2 D6 yes no Ui min...Ui max 1 - 3 4 yes yes Ui min...Ui max 1 - 2.5...0.6 3.4...0.4 - (0.95...0.985 Uo1) 2 3.4...0.4 "0" Uo1) 2 - "0" - 2.5...0.6 D4 D8 no yes - (0.95...0.985 D0 D9 no yes - 3.5...40 V 3 yes no Ui min...Ui max 3 4 - 3.4...0.4 - yes yes Ui min...Ui max 3 4 3.5...40 V 3 3.4...0.4 2.5...0.6 yes yes Ui min...Ui max 3 4 (0.95...0.985 Uo1) 2 3.4...0.4 "0" yes yes Ui min...Ui max 1 3.5...40 V 1 3.4...0.4 2.5...0.6 2 D7 Typical hysteresis Uh [% of Ut] for U t min...U t max U hi U ho Minimum adjustment range of threshold level U t U ti U to D1 D3 1 Monitoring Ui Uo1 DD Threshold level adjustable by potentiometer Fixed value. Tracking if U01 is adjusted via R-input, option P or sense lines. The threshold level permanently adjusted according to customer specification 2% at 25C. Any value within the specified range is basically possible but causes a special type designation in addition to the standard option designations (D0/D9 respectively)! Adjusted at Io nom Edition 5/5.2000 21/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters K Series 11006 JFET output (D0...D4): Vo1+ U i , U o1 status D output, U D U i or U o1 < U t low, L, U D 0.4 V at I D = 2.5 mA U i and U o1 > U t + U h high, H, I D 25 A at U D = 5.25 V Rp ID Input Connector pin D is internally connected via the drainsource path of a JFET (self-conducting type) to the negative potential of output 1. UD 0.4 V (logic low) corresponds to a monitored voltage level (Ui and/or Uo1) <U t. The current ID through the JFET should not exceed 2.5 mA. The JFET is protected by a 0.5 W Zener diode of 8.2 V against external overvoltages. D UD Vo1- Fig. 33 Option D0...D4: JFET output, ID 2.5 mA 11007 Vo1+ NPN output (D5...DD): U i , U o1 status D output, U D U i or U o1 < U t high, H, I D 25 A at U D = 40 V U i and U o1 > U t + U h low, L, U D 0.4 V at I D = 20 mA Rp ID Input Connector pin D is internally connected via the collectoremitter path of a NPN transistor to the negative potential of output 1. UD < 0.4 V (logic low) corresponds to a monitored voltage level (U i and/or Uo1) > U t + U h. The current ID through the open collector should not exceed 20 mA. The NPN output is not protected against external overvoltages. UD should not exceed 40 V. D UD Vo1- Fig. 34 Option D5...DD: NPN output, Uo1 40 V, ID 20 mA Table 19: D-output logic signals U i < U t resp. U o < U t U i > U t + U h resp. U o > U t Configuration D1, D2, D3, D4, D0 low high JFET D5, D6, D7, D8, D9, DD high low NPN Threshold tolerances and hysteresis: DUti Uhi 11021 Po = Po nom Po = 0 UD high Po = 0 If Ui is monitored, the internal input voltage after the input filter and rectifier is measured. Consequently this voltage differs from the voltage at the connector pins by the voltage drop Uti across input filter and rectifier. The threshold levels of the D0 and D9 options are factory adjusted at nominal output current Io nom and at TA = 25C. The value of Uti depends upon the threshold level Ut, temperature and input current. The input current is a function of the input voltage and the output power. UD Po = Po nom Version of D UD low Uti Ui Fig. 35 Definition of Uti, DUti and DUhi (JFET output) Edition 5/5.2000 22/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters K Series D-signal with respect to input and output voltage versus time: Input voltage monitoring NPN UD UD high 11008 3 3 3 3 UD low t 0 ID ID high ID low 0 t JFET UD UD high UD low 0 t th1 tlow min4 tlow min4 Uo1 Uo1 nom 1 0.95 tlow min4 thigh min th1 t 0 Ui [V DC] Uti +Uhi Uti t 0 Input voltage failure Input voltage sag Switch-on cycle Output voltage monitoring NPN UD UD high Switch-on cycle and subsequent input voltage failure 2 3 3 UD low t 0 ID ID high ID low 0 t JFET UD UD high UD low 0 t tlow min4 1 Uo1 Uo1 nom Uto +Uho Uto 2 3 t 0 4 Hold-up time see section Electrical Input Data. With output voltage monitoring, hold-up time th = 0. The signal will remain high if the D output is connected to an external source. t low min = 100...170 ms, typically 130 ms. Output voltage failure Fig. 36 Relationship between Ui, Uo1, UD, Uo1 /Uo nom versus time Edition 5/5.2000 23/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters K Series V ACFAIL signal (VME) Available for units with Uo1 = 5.1 V Formula for threshold level for desired value of t h: This option defines an undervoltage monitoring circuit for the input or input and main output voltage equivalent to option D and generates an ACFAIL signal (V signal) which conforms to the VME standard. Uti = The low state level of the ACFAIL signal is specified at a sink current of IV 48 mA to UV 0.6 V (open-collector output of a NPN transistor). The pull-up resistor feeding the open-collector output should be placed on the VME back plane. After the ACFAIL signal has gone low, the VME standard requires a hold-up time t h of at least 4 ms before the 5.1 V output drops to 4.875 V when the output is fully loaded. This hold-up time t h is provided by the internal input capacitance. Consequently the working input voltage and the threshold level U ti should be adequately above the minimum input voltage Ui min of the converter so that enough energy is remaining in the input capacitance. Table 20: Available internal input capacitance and factory potentiometer setting of Ut i with resulting hold-up time Types LK Unit Ci min 0.21 mF Uti 120 V DC th 4.2 ms 2 * Po * (t h + 0.3 ms) * 100 --------------------- + Ui min2 Ci min * h where as: C i min = Po = h = th = U i min = U ti = 1 internal input capacitance [mF] output power [W] efficiency [%] hold-up time [ms] minimum input voltage [V] 1 threshold level [V] Min. input voltage according to Electrical Input Data. For output voltages Uo > Uo nom, the minimum input voltage increases proportionally to Uo/Uo nom. Remarks: Option V2 and V3 can be adjusted by potentiometer to a threshold level between Ui min and Ui max. Option V operates independently of the built-in input undervoltage lock-out circuit. A logic "low" signal is generated at pin 20 as soon as one of the monitored voltages drops below the preselected threshold level Ut. The return for this signal is Vo1-. The V output recovers when the monitored voltage(s) exceed(s) Ut + Uh. The threshold level Ut is either adjustable by potentiometer, accessible through a hole in the front cover, or is adjusted during manufacture to a determined customer specified value. Versions V0, V2 and V3 are available as shown below. Table 21: Undervoltage monitor functions V output (VME compatible) V2 Monitoring Ui U o1 yes no U i min...U i max 1 1 V3 yes yes U i min...U i max V0 yes no U i min...U i max 3 4 yes yes Typical hysteresis Uh [% of U t ] for U t min...U t max U hi U ho Minimum adjustment range of threshold level U ti U to U i min...U i max 34 - 0.95...0.985 U o1 2 - 0.95...0.985 U o1 2 3.4...0.4 - 3.4...0.4 "0" 3.4...0.4 - 3.4...0.4 "0" 1 Threshold level adjustable by potentiometer. Fixed value between 95% and 98.5% of Uo1 (tracking). 3 Adjusted at I o nom. 4 Fixed value, resistor-adjusted (2% at 25C) acc. to customer's specifications; individual type number is determined by Power-One. 2 11009 V output (V0, V2, V3): Vo1+ Ui, Uo1 status V output, UV U i or U o1 < U t low, L, U V 0.6 V at I V = 50 mA U i and U o1 > U t + U h high, H, I V 25 A at U V = 5.1 V Edition 5/5.2000 Rp Input Connector pin V is internally connected to the open collector of a NPN transistor. The emitter is connected to the negative potential of output 1. U V 0.6 V (logic low) corresponds to a monitored voltage level (U i and/or Uo1) <U t. The current I V through the open collector should not exceed 50 mA. The NPN output is not protected against external overvoltages. U V should not exceed 60 V. IV V UV Vo1- Fig. 37 Output configuration of options V0, V2 and V3 24/26 AC-DC Converters UV Threshold tolerances and hysteresis: If Ui is monitored, the internal input voltage is measured after the input filter and rectifier. Consequently this voltage differs from the voltage at the connector pins by the voltage drop DU ti across input filter and rectifier. The threshold level of option V0 is adjusted during manufacture at Io nom and TA = 25C. The value of DU ti depends upon the threshold level U t , temperature and input current. The input current is a function of input voltage and output power. K Series DUti Uhi 11023 Po = 0 Po = 0 Po = Po nom UV high Po = Po nom Cassette Style UV low Ui Uti Fig. 38 Definition of Uti, DUti and Uhi Input voltage monitoring V2 UV UV high t low min 2 t low min 2 t low min 2 3 3 3 4 11010 4 UV low t 0 t low min 2 t low min 2 V3 UV UV high 3 3 3 UV low t 0 th Uo1 5.1 V 4.875 V 1 th 1 2.0 V 0 t Ui [V DC] Uti + Uhi Uti t 0 Input voltage failure Input voltage sag Switch-on cycle Switch-on cycle and subsequent input voltage failure Output voltage monitoring V2 UV UV high 4 UV low 4 t 0 V3 UV UV high t low min 2 3 3 4 UV low 0 t Uo1 5.1 V 4.875 V 2.0 V 0 t 1 2 Ui 3 Uti + Uhi Uti 4 t 0 VME request: minimum 4 ms t low min = 40...200 ms, typically 80 ms UV level not defined at Uo1 < 2.0 V The V signal drops simultaneously with the output voltage. If the pull-up resistor RP is connected to Vo1+. The V signal remains high if RP is connected to an external source. Output voltage failure Fig. 39 Relationship between U i, Uo1, U V, I V and Uo1/Uo nom versus time. Edition 5/5.2000 25/26 Cassette Style AC-DC Converters K Series B1 Cooling Plate (see: Mechanical Data) Where a cooling surface is available, we recommend the use of a cooling plate (option B1) instead of the standard heatsink. The mounting system should ensure sufficient cooling capacity to guarantee that the maximum case temperature TC max is not exceeded. The cooling capacity is calculated by: (100% - h) PLoss = ---------- (Uo * Io) h Efficiency h see: Type Survey. Elongated case for 220 mm rack depth: Option B2. Accessories A variety of electrical and mechanical accessories are available including: - Front panels for 19" rack mounting, Schroff and Intermas systems. - Mating H15 and H15 S4 connectors with screw, solder, fast-on or press-fit terminals. - Connector retention facilities. - Code key system for connector coding. - Chassis mounting plates for mounting the 19" cassette to a chassis/wall where only frontal access is given. - Universal mounting bracket for DIN-rail or chassis mounting. For more detailed information please refer to: Accessory Products. Front panels H15/H15 S4 female connector, Code key system Mounting plate, Connector retention clips Universal mounting bracket for DIN-rail mounting. Edition 5/5.2000 26/26