General Description
The MAX2657/MAX2658 high-gain, low-noise amplifiers
(LNAs) are designed for GPS L1, Galileo, and
GLONASS applications. Designed in Maxim’s
advanced SiGe process, the devices achieve a high
gain and an ultra-low-noise figure while maximizing the
input-referred 1dB compression point and the 3rd-order
intercept point.
The MAX2657/MAX2658 operate from a +1.6V to +3.3V
single supply. The MAX2657 is optimized for low current.
The MAX2658 is optimized for high linearity. The shut-
down feature in the device reduces the supply current to
be less than 1µA. The MAX2657/MAX2658 are available
in a very small, lead-free, RoHS-compliant, 0.86mm x
1.26mm x 0.65mm, wafer-level package (WLP).
Applications
Automotive Navigation
Location-Enabled Mobile Devices
Telematics (Asset Tracking and Management)
Personal Navigation Devices (PNDs)
Cellular Phones with GPS
Notebook PCs/Ultra-Mobile PCs
Recreational, Marine Navigation
Avionics
Watches
Features
♦High-Power Gain: 19dB (MAX2657)
♦Ultra-Low-Noise Figure: 0.8dB
♦Integrated 50ΩOutput Matching Circuit
♦Low Supply Current: 4.1mA (MAX2657)
♦Wide Supply Voltage Range: 1.6V to 3.3V
♦Low Bill of Materials: One Inductor, Two
Capacitors
♦Small Footprint: 0.86mm x 1.26mm
♦Thin Profile: 0.65mm
♦0.4mm-Pitch Wafer-Level Package (WLP)
MAX2657/MAX2658
GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers
________________________________________________________________
Maxim Integrated Products
1
B2
RFIN
+
RFOUT
VCC
SHDN RF
OUTPUT
GND
RF
INPUT
L1 = 6.2nH (MAX2657)
C1 = 820pF (MAX2657)
C2 = 33nF
L1 = 2.7nH (MAX2658)
C1 = 1500pF (MAX2658)
L1
C1
C2
VCC
MAX2657
MAX2658
B1
A2
BIAS
A1
C2
GND C1
Pin Configuration/Typical Application Circuit
Ordering Information
19-4956; Rev 0; 9/09
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642,
or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
+
Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.
T = Tape and reel.
PART TEMP RANGE
PIN-PACKAGE
MAX2657EWT+T
-40°C to +85°C 6 WLP
MAX2658EWT+T
-40°C to +85°C 6 WLP
EVALUATION KIT
AVAILABLE
MAX2657/MAX2658
GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers
2 _______________________________________________________________________________________
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(MAX2657/MAX2658 EV kit. VCC = 1.6V to 3.3V, TA= -40°C to +85°C, no RF signals are applied. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V
and TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
VCC to GND...........................................................-0.3V to +3.6V
Other Pins to GND .................-0.3V to (+ Operating VCC + 0.3V)
Maximum RF Input Power ...............................................+5dBm
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA= +70°C)
6-Bump WLP (derates 10.5mW/°C above +70°C)........840mW
Maximum Current into RF Input ..........................................10mA
Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +160°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s)..........Reflow Profile (Note 1)
PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Supply Voltage 1.6 2.85 3.3 V
MAX2657 4.1
SHDN = high MAX2658 7.7 mA
Supply Current
Shutdown mode, SHDN = low 1 µA
Digital Input Logic-High 1.2 V
Digital Input Logic-Low 0.45 V
Digital Input Current 1µA
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(MAX2657/MAX2658 EV kit. VCC = 1.6V to 3.3V, TA= -40°C to +85°C, fRFIN = 1575.42MHz. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V and
TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
RF Frequency L1 band 1575.42 MHz
MAX2657 19.5
VCC = 2.85V MAX2658 17.7
MAX2657 19.4
Power Gain
VCC = 1.6V MAX2658 17.6
dB
VCC = 1.8V 0.8
Noise Figure VCC = 3.3V 0.8 dB
MAX2657 -3.5
In-Band 3rd-Order Input Intercept
Point (Note 3) MAX2658 +4.5 dBm
MAX2657 +2.5
Out-of-Band 3rd-Order Input
Intercept Point (Note 4) MAX2658 +8 dBm
CAUTION! ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE
Note 1: Refer to Application Note 1891:
Wafer-Level Packaging (WLP) and Its Applications
.
MAX2657/MAX2658
GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(MAX2657/MAX2658 EV kit. VCC = 1.6V to 3.3V, TA= -40°C to +85°C, fRFIN = 1575.42MHz. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V and
TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
MAX2657 -12.5
Input 1dB Compression point (Note 5) MAX2658 -10 dBm
Input Return Loss 10 dB
Output Return Loss 15 dB
Reverse Isolation 30 dB
Note 2: Min and max limits guaranteed by test at TA= +85°C and guaranteed by design and characterization at TA= -40°C and
TA= +25°C.
Note 3: Measured with the two tones located at 1MHz and 2MHz offset from the center of the GPS band with -30dBm/tone for
MAX2657 and -27dBm/tone for MAX2658.
Note 4: Measured with input tones at 1713MHz (-25dBm) and 1851MHz (-49dBm).
Note 5: Measured with a tone located at 5MHz offset from the center of the GPS band.
Typical Operating Characteristics
(MAX2657/MAX2658 EV kit. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V, TA= +25°C, and fRFIN = 1575.42MHz, unless otherwise noted.)
INPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY
MAX2657 toc01
FREQUENCY (MHz)
|S11| (dB)
200015001000
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
-35
500 2500
MAX2658
MAX2657
GAIN vs. FREQUENCY
MAX2657 toc02
FREQUENCY (MHz)
GAIN (dB)
200015001000
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
-10
500 2500
MAX2658
MAX2657
REVERSE ISOLATION vs. FREQUENCY
MAX2657 toc03
FREQUENCY (MHz)
|S12| (dB)
200015001000
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-70
500 2500
MAX2658
MAX2657
MAX2657/MAX2658
GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers
4 _______________________________________________________________________________________
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(MAX2657/MAX2658 EV kit. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V, TA= +25°C, and fRFIN = 1575.42MHz, unless otherwise noted.)
OUTPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY
MAX2657 toc04
FREQUENCY (MHz)
|S22| (dB)
200015001000
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
-25
500 2500
MAX2658
MAX2657
MAX2657 IN-BAND IIP3 vs.
SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE
(TWO TONES LOCATED AT 1MHz AND
2MHz OFFSET WITH -35dBm/TONE)
MAX2657 toc05
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
IIP3 (dBm)
3.02.82.62.42.22.01.8
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
-5
1.6 3.2
-40˚C
+85˚C
+25˚C
MAX2658 IN-BAND IIP3 vs.
SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE
(TWO TONES LOCATED AT 1MHz AND
2MHz OFFSET WITH -30dBm/TONE)
MAX2657 toc06
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
IIP3 (dBm)
3.02.82.62.42.22.01.8
2
4
6
8
0
1.6
-40˚C
+85˚C
+25˚C
3.2
IIP3 (dBm)
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
3.02.82.62.42.22.01.81.6 3.2
MAX2658 OUT-OF-BAND IIP3 vs.
SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE
(TONE 1 AT 1713MHz, -25dBm;
TONE 2 AT 1851MHz, -49dBm)
MAX2657 toc08
5
6
7
8
9
10
4
-40˚C
+85˚C
+25˚C
MAX2657 OUT-OF-BAND IIP3 vs.
SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE
(TONE 1 AT 1713MHz, -25dBm;
TONE 2 AT 1851MHz, -49dBm)
MAX2657 toc07
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
IIP3 (dBm)
3.02.82.62.42.22.01.8
0
1
2
3
-1
1.6
-40˚C
+85˚C +25˚C
3.2
MAX2657/MAX2658
GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
3.02.82.62.42.22.01.81.6 3.2
MAX2657 toc09
MAX2657 INPUT P1dB COMPRESSION
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE
INPUT P1dB (dBm)
-17
-16
-15
-14
-13
-12
-11
-18
-40˚C
+85˚C
+25˚C
MAX2658 INPUT P1dB COMPRESSION vs.
SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE
MAX2657 toc10
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
INPUT P1dB (dBm)
3.02.82.62.42.22.01.8
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
-14
1.6 3.2
-40˚C
+85˚C
+25˚C
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(MAX2657/MAX2658 EV kit. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V, TA= +25°C, and fRFIN = 1575.42MHz, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX2657/MAX2658
GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers
6 _______________________________________________________________________________________
Detailed Description
The MAX2657/MAX2658 are LNAs designed for GPS
L1, Galileo, and GLONASS applications. The devices
feature a power-shutdown control mode to eliminate the
need for an external supply switch. The devices
achieve a high gain and an ultra-low-noise figure.
Input and Output Matching
The MAX2657/MAX2658 require an off-chip input match-
ing. Only an inductor in series with a DC-blocking capac-
itor is needed to form the input matching circuit. The
Typical Application Circuit
shows the recommended
input-matching network. These values are optimized for
the best simultaneous gain, noise figure, and return
loss performance. Tables 1 and 2 list typical device S
parameters and Kfvalues. The MAX2657/MAX2658
integrate an on-chip output matching to 50Ωat the out-
put, eliminating the need for external matching compo-
nents. The value of the input coupling capacitor affects
IIP3. A smaller coupling capacitor results in lower IIP3.
Shutdown
The MAX2657/MAX2658 include a shutdown feature to
turn off the entire chip. Apply a logic-high to the SHDN
pin to place the part in the active mode, and a logic-low
to place the part in the shutdown mode.
Applications Information
A properly designed PCB is essential to any RF
microwave circuit. Use controlled-impedance lines on
all high-frequency inputs and outputs. Bypass VCC with
decoupling capacitors located close to the device. For
long VCC lines, it may be necessary to add decoupling
capacitors. Locate these additional capacitors further
away from the device package. Proper grounding of
the GND pins is essential. If the PCB uses a topside RF
ground, connect it directly to the GND pins. For a
board where the ground is not on the component layer,
connect the GND pins to the board with multiple vias
close to the package.
Pin Description
BUMP
NAME FUNCTION
A1 SHDN Shutdown Input. A logic-low disables the device.
A2 RFOUT RF Output. RFOUT is internally matched to 50Ω and incorporates an internal DC-blocking capacitor.
B1 RFIN RF Input. Requires a DC-blocking capacitor and external matching components.
B2 VCC Supply Voltage. Bypass to ground with a 33nF capacitor as close as possible to the IC.
C1, C2
GND Ground. Connect to the PCB ground plane.
Table 1. MAX2657 Typical S-Parameter Values and K-Factor
FREQ.
(MHz)
S11 MAG
(Degrees)
S21 MAG
(Degrees)
S12 MAG
S22 MAG
(Degrees)
-2.1 -48.6 7.4 -100.6 -45.7 -150.0 -1.0 -58.1
3.8
-2.4 -55.0 12.0 -117.2 -39.6 -160.2 -2.1 -74.1
2.5
-6.5 -61.9 16.2 -146.5 -34.1 178.5 -7.4 -100.0
2.8
-5.4 -55.3 17.1 165.5 -32.5 136.5 -9.5 10.0
1.8
-4.8 -47.3 13.9 135.2 -35.2 113.8 -2.7 -13.2
1.6
MAX2657/MAX2658
GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7
Table 2. MAX2658 Typical S-Parameter Values and K-Factor
S11 MAG
(Degrees)
S21 MAG
(Degrees)
S12 MAG
(Degrees)
S22 MAG
(Degrees)
-3.3 -58.2 11.6 -124.5 -42.1 -155.0 -1.6 -70.2
3.3
-3.8 -62.3 14.9 -148.0 -37.2 -168.3 -4.0 -90.0
2.7
-4.9 -62.0 16.6 -178.9 -33.9 171.0 -14.5 -100.6
2.6
-5.5 -53.7 15.8 149.3 -33.6 148.3 -9.0 3.6
2.3
-5.1 -48.0 13.4 130.0 -35.1 139.6 -4.0 -9.6
2.3
Table 3. MAX2657 Typical Noise Parameters (VCC = 2.85V, TA= +25°C)
Table 4. MAX2658 Typical Noise Parameters (VCC = 2.85V, TA= +25°C)
FREQUENCY (MHz) FMIN
(dB) |ΓOPT||ΓOPT| ANGLE RN (Ω)
1550 0.68 0.28 88.0 4.48
1560 0.68 0.28 88.4 4.48
1570 0.68 0.28 88.8 4.48
1575 0.68 0.28 89.0 4.48
1580 0.68 0.28 89.2 4.48
1590 0.69 0.28 89.6 4.47
1600 0.69 0.28 90.0 4.47
MAX2657/MAX2658
GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
8
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© 2009 Maxim Integrated Products Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
Package Information
For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go
to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.
PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE DOCUMENT NO.
6 WLP W61B1+1 21-0217
Chip Information
PROCESS: SiGe BiCMOS