![](data:image/jpeg;base64,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)
1. 0 INTRODUCTION
The documentation of the SHARP LH28F016SA mem-
ory device includes this data sheet, a detailed user’s
manual, and a number of application notes, al l of w h ich
are referenced at the end of th is data sheet.
The data sheet is intended to give an overview of th e
chip feature-set and of the operating AC/DC specifica-
tions. The LH28F016SA User’s Manual provides com-
plete descriptions of the user modes, system interface
examples, and detailed descriptions of all principles of
operation. It also contai n s the full list of softwa re algo-
rithm flowcharts, and a brief section on compatibility
with SHARP LH28F008SA.
1. 1 Produ ct Ov erview
The LH28F016SA is a high-performance 16M
(16,777,216 bit) block erasable non-volatile random
access memory organize d as either 1 Mword × 16 or
2 Mbyte × 8. The LH28F016SA includes thirty-two 64KB
(65,536) blocks or thirty-two 32-KW (3 2,768) blocks. A
chi p memory map i s shown in Figure 3.
The implementation of a new architecture, with many
enhanced features, will improve the device operating
characteri stics and re su lts in greater product reliability
and ease of use.
S ome sign ificant enh ancements o f the LH 28F016SA
include:
•• 3.3 V Low Power C apability
•• Improved Write Performance
•• Dedicated Block Write/E rase Protecti on
A 3/5# input pi n reconfigures the device internally for
optimized 3.3 V or 5.0 V read/write operation.
The LH28F016SA will be available in a 56-lead,
1.2 mm thick, 14 mm × 20 mm TSOP type 1 package.
This form factor and pinout allow for very high board
layout densi ties.
A Co mmand User Interface (CUI) serves as the sys-
tem interface between the microprocessor or micro-
controlle r and the internal memory ope ration.
Internal Algorithm Automation allows Byte/Word
Writes and Block Erase operations to be executed using
a Two-Write command sequence to the CUI in the same
w ay as the LH 28F008S A 8M Flash memory.
A Superset of commands have been added to the
basic LH28F008SA command-set to achieve higher
write performance and provide additional capabilities.
These new comman ds and features include:
•• Page Buffer Wri tes to Fl ash
•• Command Queuing Cap ability
•• Automatic Data Writes Du ri ng Erase
•• Software Locking of Memory Bl ocks
•• Two-Byte S uccessive Writes i n 8-bi t Systems
•• Erase All Unlocked Blocks
Writing of memory data is performed i n either byte or
word increments typically within 6 µsec, a 33% improve-
ment over the LH28F00 8SA. A Block Erase operation
erases one of the 32 bl ocks in typical ly 0.6 sec, inde-
pendent of the other blocks, which is about 65%
improvement over the LH 28F008SA.
Each bl ock can be written and erased a minimum of
100,000 cycles. Systems can achieve 1 million Block
Erase Cycles by providing wear-leveling algorithms and
graceful block retirement. These techniques have
already been employed in many flash file systems and
Ha rd Di sk D rive d esigns.
The LH28F016SA incorporates two Page Buffers of
256 Byt es (128 Wor ds) each to allow page data writes.
This fea ture can improve a system write perfo rma nce
by up to 4. 8 times over previous f lash m emory devices.
All operations are started by a sequence of Write
commands to the device. Three Status Registers
(described in detail later) and a RY/BY# output pin
provide information on the progress of the requested
operation.
While the LH28F008SA requires an operat ion t o com-
pl ete before the next ope ration can be re quested, the
LH28F016SA allows queuing of the next operation while
the mem ory ex ecut es t he cur rent operat ion. Th is elimi -
nates system overhead when writing several bytes in
a ro w to t he array or er as ing sever al blocks at the same
time. The LH28F016S A can also perform write opera-
tions to one block of memory while performing erase
of another block.
The LH28F016SA provides user-selectable block lock-
ing to protect code or data such as Device Drivers,
PCMCIA card information, ROM-Executable O/S or
App licatio n Code. Each block has an associated non-
volatile lock-bit which determines the lock status of t h e
b lock. In addition, the LH28F016SA has a m aster Write
Protect pin (WP# ) which prevents any modifications to
memory blocks whose lock-bi ts are set.
LH28F016SA 16M (1M × 16/2M × 8 ) F la sh Memory
7-70