QFN24 (4x4 mm)
Features
• Dual line driver suitable for differential or single-ended configuration
• Up to 18 V p-p single-ended, 36 V p-p differential output range
• Very high linearity for EMC compliance
• Externally configurable power amplifier topology
• Up to 1.5 ARMS max. current
• Embedded overtemperature protection
• Suitable for any narrow-band power-line communication (PLC) applications
• Available in QFN24 (4x4x1 mm) package
• -40 °C to +105 °C temperature range
Applications
• Smart metering, smart grid and Internet of Things applications
• Suitable for application designs compliant with CENELEC, FCC and ARIB
regulations
Description
The STLD1 line driver is a low-distortion, high-current dual power amplifier
specifically designed for power-line communication applications, where high output
current drives the AC power-line loads.
Operating on a single 8-18 V supply, the STLD1 can deliver high output current up to
1.5 ARMS and an output voltage swing-up to 18 V peak-to-peak single-ended / 36 V
peak-to-peak differential.
The STLD1 features a very low output impedance (down to 0.1 Ω in the typical
configuration) to ensure efficient transfer of power to very low impedance loads,
typically between 5 Ω and 100 Ω.
The device has very low in-band and out-of-band two-tone intermodulation distortion
(IM3) as well as very high spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) to guarantee and
meet CENELEC, ARIB and FCC emission requirements.
It also features thermal shutdown as well as current sense output.
Product status link
STLD1
Order code Package Packing
STLD1
QFN24 (4x4
x1 mm)
Tray
STLD1TR Tape and
reel
Power-line communication dual line driver
STLD1
Datasheet
DS12339 - Rev 2 - June 2018
For further information contact your local STMicroelectronics sales office.
www.st.com
1Block diagram
Figure 2. STLD1 basic block diagram
5V REG.
Thermal
sense IBIAS
Vbg
STLD1
Block diagram
DS12339 - Rev 2 page 2/13
2Pin configuration
Figure 3. Pin connections
Table 1. Pin descriptions
Pin Name Description
1 PGND Power amplifier ground
2
PA2_OUT Power amplifier 2 output
3
4
PA1_OUT Power amplifier 1 output
5
6 PGND Power amplifier ground
7 PVCC 8-18 V power amplifier supply input
8 VCC 8-18 V analog supply input for 5 V internal regulator and analog circuitry.
It has to be externally shorted to PVCC
9 AGND Analog ground.
It has to be externally shorted to PGND
10 CSF_OUT Power amplifier current feedback output
11 AVDD_5V 5 V internal regulator output
Use ≥ 10 μF bypass capacitor to AGND
12 RSV0 Reserved - connect to AGND
13 PA1_INN Power amplifier 1 negative input
14 PA1_INP Power amplifier 1 positive input
STLD1
Pin descriptions
DS12339 - Rev 2 page 3/13
Pin Name Description
15 PA2_INP Power amplifier 2 positive input
16 PA2_INN Power amplifier 2 negative input
17 RSV1 Reserved - leave floating
18 RSV2 Reserved - connect to AGND
19 RSV3 Reserved - connect to AGND
20 THERM Thermal feedback current output
21 IBIAS_IN Reference current input
22 TX_ON_2 Enable for power amplifier 2 (active high)
Force low to set PA2_OUT to Hi-Z ( approx. 30 kΩ )
23 TX_ON_1 Enable for power amplifier 1 (active high)
Force low to set PA1_OUT to Hi-Z ( approx. 30 kΩ )
24 PVCC Power amplifier supply input
25 Exposed pad It has to be connected to an AGND ground plane on PCB
STLD1
Pin descriptions
DS12339 - Rev 2 page 4/13
3Absolute maximum ratings
Table 2. Absolute maximum ratings
Symbol Parameter Min. Max. Unit
PVCC, VCC Line driver supply voltage range PGND -0.3 20 V
AVDD_5V 5 V internal regulator voltage range AGND -0.3 Min. (5.5, PVCC +0.3) V
AGND - PGND Variations between different ground pins -0.3 +0.3 V
PA_OUT PA output pin voltage range PGND -0.3 Min. (20, PVCC +0.3) V
PA_IN PA input pin voltage range AGND -0.3 Min. (20, VCC +0.3) V
PA_INP - PA_INN PA input differential voltage on the same amplifier -11 11 V
All other pins AGND -0.3 Min. (5.5, AVDD_5V + 0.3) V
V(ESD)
Maximum withstanding voltage range, ANSI-ESDA-
JEDEC_JS-001 human body model acceptance criteria:
“normal performance”
-2 +2 kV
I(PA_OUT) PA repetitive RMS current 1.5 Arms
Table 3. Thermal characteristics
Symbol Parameter Min. Max. Unit
T(J)
Operating junction temperature 150
°C
Peak junction temperature 170
TAMB Operating ambient temperature -40 105
TSTG Storage temperature -50 150
Table 4. Thermal data
Symbol Parameter Conditions Typ. Unit
RthJA Maximum thermal resistance
junction-ambient steady-state
Mounted on a 2s2p PCB, with a dissipating surface, connected
through vias, on the bottom side of the PCB 35 °C/W
PdContinuous power dissipation Ta = 70 °C 2.3 W
STLD1
Maximum ratings
DS12339 - Rev 2 page 5/13
4Electrical characteristics
T(AMB) = -40 to +105 °C, T(J) < 125 °C unless otherwise specified. Typical values are at T(AMB) = 25 °C.
Table 5. Power supply characteristics
Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
V(PVCC) Line driver supply voltage 8 15 18 V
I(PVCC)_RX
Line driver supply current. Rx mode No-load on AVDD_5V
350 400
μA
I(VCC)_RX 560 850
I(PVCC)_TX Line driver supply current. Tx mode, no- load
No-load on AVDD_5V. Dual power
amplifier configuration 40 54 mA
No-load on AVDD_5V. Single
power amplifier configuration 20 mA
V(PVCC)_TH Line driver supply voltage turn-on threshold 7 7.4 V
V(PVCC)_TL Line driver supply voltage turn-off threshold 6.1 6.5 V
V(PVCC)_HYST Line driver supply voltage hysteresis 0.5 V
V(AVDD_5V) 5 V regulator output voltage, no-load 4.5 5.2 5.5 V
Table 6. Line driver characteristics
Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
V(PAx_OUT) BIAS Power amplifier output.
Bias voltage Rx mode PVCC/2 V
Z(PA_OUT) RX Power amplifier output
impedance in RX mode TX_EN low 30 kΩ
V(PA_IN) BIAS Power amplifier input.
Bias voltage Set through external resistor divider PVCC/2 V
GBWP Power amplifier. Gain-
bandwidth product 149 MHz
tON Power amplifier startup
time TX_EN toggled low to high (1) 1 μs
I(PA_OUT) Power amplifier output
current Repetitive peak 1.5 A rms
V(PA_OUT) HD2 Power amplifier output.
2nd harmonic distortion
VCC = 18 V, V(PA_OUT) = 13 Vpp
(single-ended), Rload = 50 Ω, f = 100
kHz V(PA_OUT) DC = PVCC/2
-73 dBc
V(PAx_OUT) HD3 Power amplifier output.
3rd harmonic distortion -76 dBc
V(PAx_OUT) THD Power amplifier output.
Total harmonic distortion -70 dB
V(PAx_OUT) HD2 Power amplifier output.
2nd harmonic distortion
VCC = 18 V, V(PA_OUT) = 13 Vpp
(single-ended), Rload = 50 Ω, f = 500
kHz, V(PA_OUT) DC = PVCC/2
-57 dBc
V(PAx_OUT) HD3 Power amplifier output.
3rd harmonic distortion -76 dBc
V(PAx_OUT)THD Power amplifier output.
Total harmonic distortion -54 dB
STLD1
Electrical characteristics
DS12339 - Rev 2 page 6/13
Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
C(PAx_INP),
C(PAx_INN)
Power amplifier input
capacitance
PA_IN+ vs. AGND, see (1) 10 pF
PA_IN- vs. AGND, see (1) 10 pF
PSRR Power supply rejection
ratio
50 Hz -100 dB
1 kHz -88 dB
CSF_RATIO Ratio between PA_OUT
and CSF output current 106 A/A
IBIAS_IN Reference current input Typical conditions 16 or 32 μA
IM3 in-band In band 3rd order
intermodulation distortion
VCC = 15 V, Vout = 24 V p-p
(differential), Zload = 50 Ω, f1 = 50
kHz, f2 = 80 kHz (2)
-72 dB
VCC = 15 V, Vout = 24 V p-p
(differential), Zload = 50 Ω, f1 = 200
kHz, f2 = 300 kHz, see (2)
-71 dB
VCC = 15 V, Vout = 24 V p-p
(differential), Zload = 50 Ω, f1 = 450
kHz, f2 = 500 kHz, see (2)
-67 dB
VCC = 15 V, Vout = 12 V p-p (single-
ended), Zload = 50 Ω, f1 = 50 kHz, f2 =
80 kHz, see (2)
-74 dB
VCC = 15 V, Vout = 12 V p-p (single-
ended), Zload = 50 Ω, f1 = 200 kHz, f2
= 300 kHz, see (2)
-72 dB
VCC = 15 V, Vout = 12 V p-p (single-
ended), Zload = 50 Ω, f1 = 450 kHz, f2
= 500 kHz, see (2)
-68 dB
IM3 out-of-band Out-of-band third-order
intermodulation distortion
VCC = 15 V, Vout = 24 V p-p
(differential), Zload = 50 Ω, f1 = 50
kHz, f2 = 80 kHz (2)
-71 dB
VCC = 15 V, Vout = 24 V p-p
(differential), Zload = 50 Ω, f1 = 200
kHz, f2 = 300 kHz, see (2)
-68 dB
VCC = 15 V, Vout = 24 V p-p
(differential), Zload = 50 Ω, f1 = 450
kHz, f2 = 500 kHz, see (2)
-65 dB
VCC = 15 V, Vout = 12 V p-p (single-
ended), Zload = 50 Ω, f1 = 50 kHz, f2 =
80 kHz, see (2)
-75 dB
VCC = 15 V, Vout = 12 V p-p (single-
ended), Zload = 50 Ω, f1 = 200 kHz, f2
= 300 kHz, see (2)
-73 dB
VCC = 15 V, Vout = 12 V p-p (single-
ended), Zload = 50 Ω, f1 = 450 kHz, f2
= 500 kHz, see (2)
-68 dB
STLD1
Electrical characteristics
DS12339 - Rev 2 page 7/13
Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
SFDR Spurious-free dynamic
range
VCC = 15 V, Vout = 24 V p-p
(differential), Zload = 50 Ω, f1 = 50
kHz, f2 = 80 kHz, see (2)
71 dBc
VCC = 15 V, Vout = 24 V p-p
(differential), Zload = 50 Ω, f1 = 200
kHz, f2 = 300 kHz, see (2)
68 dBc
VCC = 15 V, Vout = 24 V p-p
(differential), Zload = 50 Ω, f1 = 450
kHz, f2 = 500 kHz, see (2)
65 dBc
VCC = 15 V, Vout = 12 V p-p (single-
ended), Zload = 50 Ω, f1 = 50 kHz, f2 =
80 kHz, see (2)
69 dBc
VCC = 15 V, Vout = 12 V p-p (single-
ended), Zload = 50 Ω, f1 = 200 kHz, f2
= 300 kHz, see (2)
68 dBc
VCC = 15 V, Vout = 12 V p-p (single-
ended), Zload = 50 Ω, f1 = 450 kHz, f2
= 500 kHz, see (2)
67 dBc
V(TX_ON_x) IL TX_ON_x pin input low
level voltage AGND 0.95 V
V(TX_ON_x) IH TX_ON_x pin input high
level voltage 1.85 AVDD_5V V
V(TX_ON_x) HYST TX_ON_x pin input
voltage hysteresis 500 mV
T1 Thermal sensor
threshold see (2) 70 °C
T2 Thermal sensor
threshold see (2) 100 °C
T3 Thermal sensor
threshold see (2) 125 °C
T4 Thermal sensor
threshold see (2) 170 °C
T_HYST Thermal sensor
hysteresis see (2) 10 °C
1. Not tested in production, guaranteed by design.
2. Characterization data, not tested in production.
Figure 4. Line driver test circuit (single-ended configuration)
C3
1 uF
SIGNAL IN PAx_INP
-
+
R_LOAD
50R
PAx_OUT
PAx_INN
C1
100 nF
R3
100k
R4
100k
R1
10k
R2
40k
VCC
C2
100 nF
STLD1
Electrical characteristics
DS12339 - Rev 2 page 8/13
Figure 5. Line driver test circuit (differential)
C3
22 uF
IN+ PA1_INP
-
+
ZLOAD
PA1_OUT
C5
27 pF
C8
4.7 pF
T3
1
4
10
7
C9
22 uF
PA2_INPIN-
-
+
C10
4.7 pF
PA2_OUT
C11
27 pF
PA2_INN
C12
100 nF
R6
47k
R11
47k
R2
2k
R7
6k8
C13
100 nF
VCC
PA1_INN
C1
100 nF
R3
47k
R4
47k
R1
2k
R2
6k8VCC
C2
100 nF
STLD1
Electrical characteristics
DS12339 - Rev 2 page 9/13
5Device characteristics
5.1 Thermal protection
Any overtemperature event forces the line driver to self-disable the power amplifiers, thus preventing the STLD1
from damage. The thermal feedback is provided on THERM pin by a current that is N times the IBIAS_IN input
current, according to the relationship described in the following table.
Table 7. Thermal current level vs. junction temperature
I(THERMAL) Junction temperature level
0 x I(IBIAS_IN) Tj < T1
1 x I(IBIAS_IN) T1 < Tj < T2
2 x I(IBIAS_IN) T2 < Tj < T3
3 x I(IBIAS_IN) T3 < Tj < T4
4 x I(IBIAS_IN) Tj > T4
5.2 Current feedback
Current sense feedback is provided by CSF_OUT current output, proportional to the LD output current. The
CSF_OUT current is converted into voltage by a resistor and compared with the current limit threshold set at
system level.
5.3 Power management
The STLD1 operates from a single 8-18 V external supply. It directly supplies the power amplifiers and the internal
5 V linear regulator for the analog and control circuitry. The block diagram for the power management is shown in
the figure below.
Figure 6. Power supply scheme
5 V
Linear
Reg.
PVCC
VCC
AVDD_5V
AGND
PGND
PA1_OUT
Power
amplifiers
PA2_OUT
+
8 V to
18 V
Internal
circuitry
STLD1
Device characteristics
DS12339 - Rev 2 page 10/13
6.1 QFN24L (4x4x1 mm) package information
Figure 7. QFN24L (4x4 mm) package outline
Table 8. QFN24L (4x4 mm) package mechanical data
Dim.
mm
Min. Typ. Max.
A 0.80 0.90 1.00
A1 0.02 0.05
A2 0.65 1.00
A3 0.20
b 0.18 0.25 0.30
D 3.85 4.00 4.15
D2 2.50 2.60 2.70
E 3.85 4.00 4.15
E2 2.50 2.60 2.70
e 0.50
L 0.35 0.40 0.45
ddd 0.08
STLD1
QFN24L (4x4 mm) package information
DS12339 - Rev 2 page 11/13
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STLD1
DS12339 - Rev 2 page 13/13
