TN22 Fluorescent tube lamp starter SCR Features 1 2, TAB High clamping voltage structure (1200 to 1500 V) Low gate triggering current for direct drive from line (< 1.5 mA) High holding current (> 175 mA), ensuring high striking energy 3 TAB TAB 3 1 3 2 2 1 Description The TN22 has been specifically developed for use in tube lamp electronic starter circuits. Used in conjunction with a sensitive SCR, it provides high energy striking characteristics with low triggering power. IPAK TN22-1500H TO-220AB TN22-1500T TAB 2 3 1 Thanks to the optimized characteristics of the TN22, starters based on this device can offer high reliability levels and extended life time of the fluorescent tube lamps. August 2009 Doc ID 3768 Rev 3 DPAK TN22-1500B-TR 1/13 www.st.com 13 Characteristics 1 TN22 Characteristics Table 1. Absolute ratings (limiting values) Symbol Parameter Unit VRRM Repetitive peak off-state voltage Tj = 110 C 400 V IT(RMS) On-state rms current full sine wave (180 conduction angle) Tc = 95 C 2 A IT(AV) Mean on-state current Full sinewave (180 conduction angle) Tc = 95 C 1.8 A Non repetitive surge peak on-state current (Tj initial = 25 C) tp = 8.3 ms 22 tp = 10 ms 20 I2t Value for fusing tp = 10 ms 2 A2s Critical rate of rise of on-state current IG = 5 mA dIG/dt = 70 mA/s 50 A/s Average gate power dissipation 300 mW ITSM I2t dl/dt PG(AV) A PGM Peak gate power dissipation tp = 20 s 2 W IGM Peak gate current tp = 20 s 1 A VRGM Tstg Tj TL Table 2. Maximum peak reverse gate voltage Storage and operating junction temperature range Maximum lead temperature for soldering during 10 s at 4.5 mm from case 6 V -40 to +150 -40 to +110 C 260 C Electrical characteristics (Tj = 25 C unless otherwise stated) Symbol Test conditions Value Unit IGT VD=12 V (DC), RL= 33 MAX 1.5 mA VGT VD=12 V (DC), RL= 33 , RGK = 1 K MAX 3 V VGK = 0 V MIN 175 mA Linear slope up to VD = 67% VDRM, VGK = 0 V, Tj = 110 C MIN 500 V/s MIN 1200 MAX 1500 IH dV/dt VBR Table 3. ID = 5 mA, VGK = 0 V Test conditions VTM ITM = 2 A IDRM VDRM rated Table 4. V Static electrical characteristics (Tj = 25 C unless otherwise stated) Symbol tp = 380 s Value Unit MAX 3.1 V MAX 0.1 mA Value Unit Thermal resistance Symbol 2/13 Value Parameter Rth(j-a) Junction to ambient Rth(j-c) Junction to case DPAK / IPAK 100 TO-220AB 60 3 Doc ID 3768 Rev 3 C/W C/W TN22 Characteristics Figure 1. Maximum average power Figure 2. dissipation versus average on-state current (rectified sine wave) P(W) Average on-state current versus case temperature (rectified full sine wave) IT(AV) (A) 6 =60 =30 =90 2.0 =120 =180 1.8 5 1.6 =180 1.4 4 1.2 3 1.0 0.8 2 0.6 1 360 0.4 360 0.2 IT(AV)(A) TC(C) 0.0 0 0.0 0.2 0.4 Figure 3. 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 0 2.0 10 Average on-state current versus Figure 4. ambient temperature, free air convection (rectified full sine wave) IT(AV)(A) 100.0 0.7 20 30 40 50 60 80 90 100 110 Variation of thermal impedance junction to ambient versus pulse duration Zth(j-a) (C/W) DPAK IPAK =180 TO-220AB 70 0.6 TO-220AB 0.5 10.0 0.4 0.3 DPAK / IPAK 1.0 0.2 0.1 Tamb (C) tP(s) 0.0 0.1 0 10 20 Figure 5. 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 Relative variation of gate trigger Figure 6. current and holding current versus junction temperature IGT, IH [T j] / IGT, IH [T j=25C] 22 2.4 typical values 2.2 1.E-01 1.E+00 1.E+01 1.E+02 1.E+03 Surge peak on-state current versus number of cycles ITSM(A) 18 IGT tp=10ms 16 1.6 One cycle 14 1.4 1.2 1.E-02 20 2.0 1.8 1.E-03 12 IH 10 1.0 8 0.8 6 0.6 4 0.4 Tj initial=25 C 2 0.2 Tj(C) 0.0 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 Number of cycles 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 1 Doc ID 3768 Rev 3 10 100 1000 3/13 Characteristics Figure 7. 1000 TN22 Non-repetitive surge peak on-state Figure 8. current for a sinusoidal pulse ITSM(A), It (As) 100.0 On-state characteristics (maximum values) ITM(A) Tj initial=25 C dI/dt limitation 50 A/s 10.0 100 ITSM Tj=25 C 2 tp < 10 ms and corresponding value of I t Tj=110 C 1.0 10 Tj max. : Vto = 2.5 V RD = 235 m It VTM(V) tP(ms) 1 0.01 0.1 0.10 Figure 9. 1.00 Maximum allowable rms current versus time conduction and initial case temperature IT(RMS)(A) 10 0 10.00 10 3 6 7 8 IT(RMS)(A) 8 TC initial=25C 7 TC initial=25C TO-220AB TC initial=45C 6 6 5 TC initial=45C 4 5 Tj max= 135 C (the failure mode will be short circuit) DPAK IPAK 5 4 9 8 7 2 Figure 10. Maximum allowable rms current versus time conduction and initial case temperature Tj max= 135 C (the failure mode will be short circuit) 9 1 4 TC initial=65C 3 3 2 2 TC initial=65C 1 1 tP(s) tP(s) 0 0 0.1 1.0 10.0 100.0 0.1 1.0 10.0 Figure 11. Holding current versus gate-cathode resistance (typical values) 1000 IH(mA) Tj=25 C 100 10 RGK() 1 1 4/13 10 100 Doc ID 3768 Rev 3 1000 100.0 TN22 Application information 2 Application information 2.1 Overview The TN22 has been designed for use as a fluorescent tube starter switch. As shown in Figure 12, the starter circuit is divided in five parts: 1. Rectifier bridge: to rectify mains voltage. 2. Voltage detector: RCD circuit used to switch on the TN22. 3. Preheating time control: RC circuit used to switch on the SCR, so turn off the TN22. 4. Ignition circuit: made of sensitive SCR and TN22 devices. 5. Reset control: resistor used to discharge the C2 capacitor and to reset the circuit. Figure 12. Electronic starter schematic Starter circuit SWITCH IT INDUCTANCE BALLAST R1 + mains FLUORESCENT TUBE D6 D2 - D5 4 TN22 Ignition circuit mains - MAINS VOLTAGE SCR 1 + C1 VS D1 R4 + 2 Rectifier 3 R3 R2 Voltage detector Doc ID 3768 Rev 3 C2 Preheating time control 5 Reset control 5/13 Application information TN22 Three steps are necessary to ignite a fluorescent tube (see Figure 13): preheating of the filament ignition of the tube "lighting" mode Figure 13. The three operating steps of the electronic starter: preheating, ignition and lighting Preheating IT (1 A/div) Lighting VS (500 V/div) Ignition 2.2 Filament and tube preheating The mains voltage is applied across the circuit and when it reaches a higher level than the zener clamping voltage (VCL), a current flows through the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1. The TN22 switches on when the voltage across its gate to cathode junction reaches the triggering gate level (VGT). As the TN22 is in on-state, a full sinusoidal current flows through the filaments (primary of the rectifier bridge) that are warmed up. This current is limited by the input ballast. The TN22 remains on at each current zero crossing point because the gate is still powered by the C1 capacitor. The preheating time duration is set with the RC circuit made of R3, R2 and C2, and according to the voltage polarization fixed by the D1 drop voltage. The preheating time is typically in the range of 2 to 3 seconds depending on the tube characteristics. 6/13 Doc ID 3768 Rev 3 TN22 2.3 Application information Ignition step When C2 is charged above the SCR triggering gate voltage (VGT), the SCR switches on. The voltage across the TN22 gate to cathode junction is fixed to a negative value, which allows a proper TN22 switch-off, with a high holding current (IH) level. When the current reaches IH, the TN22 switches off and the ballast inductor generates a high voltage pulse across the tube (see Figure 14). This over-voltage is clamped by the TN22 to a value fixed by the breakdown voltage (VBR). A 1200 V to 1500 V level is necessary to ensure a correct ignition of the fluorescent tubes. Figure 14. Typical high voltage pulse of an electronic starter circuit (P0130AA SCR, TN22) VBR 1300 V VS (200 V/div) IH 225 mA IT (50 mA/div) If the lamp is not ignited after the first pulse, the starter circuit starts a new ignition sequence. The pulse is regenerated until ignition of the tube lamp. If the lamp is not ignited after several attempts, the starter circuit can automatically stop the ignition sequence. Figure 15. Repetitive ignitions sequence Pulse IT (500 mA /div) Mains voltage f BURST= 50 Hz 2.4 V S (500 V/div) Lighting state When the lamp is ignited, the capacitor C2 is discharged through the resistors R2, R3 and R4. The voltage across the lamp remains lower than the D6 clamping voltage (VCL), avoiding the triggering of the TN22. The starter circuit remains in stand-by mode. Doc ID 3768 Rev 3 7/13 Ordering information scheme 3 TN22 Ordering information scheme Figure 16. Ordering information scheme TN 2 2 - 1500 x Startlight device On-state rms current 2=2A Triggering gate current (MAX) 2 = 1.5 mA Breakdown voltage 1500 = 1500 V Package B = DPAK H = IPAK T = TO-220AB R = I2PAK Packing Blank = Tube -TR = Tape and reel (DPAK) 8/13 Doc ID 3768 Rev 3 -TR TN22 4 Package information Package information Epoxy meets UL94,V0 Cooling method: by convection Recommended torque value: 0.4 to 0.6 N*m (TO-220AB) In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK(R) packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK(R) specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK(R) is an ST trademark. Table 5. DPAK dimensions Dimensions Ref. E A B2 C2 L2 Millimeters Inches Min. Max. Min. Max. A 2.20 2.40 0.086 0.094 A1 0.90 1.10 0.035 0.043 A2 0.03 0.23 0.001 0.009 B 0.64 0.90 0.025 0.035 B2 5.20 5.40 0.204 0.212 C 0.45 0.60 0.017 0.023 C2 0.48 0.60 0.018 0.023 D 6.00 6.20 0.236 0.244 E 6.40 6.60 0.251 0.259 G 4.40 4.60 0.173 0.181 H 9.35 10.10 0.368 0.397 D R H L4 A1 B G R C A2 0.60 MIN. L2 V2 0.80 typ. 0.031 typ. L4 0.60 1.00 0.023 0.039 V2 0 8 0 8 Figure 17. Footprint (dimensions in mm) 6.7 3 3 1.6 2.3 6.7 2.3 1.6 Doc ID 3768 Rev 3 9/13 Package information TN22 Table 6. IPAK dimensions Dimensions Ref. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. A 2.20 - 2.40 0.086 - 0.094 A1 0.90 - 1.10 0.035 - 0.043 A3 0.70 - 1.30 0.027 - 0.051 B 0.64 - 0.90 0.025 - 0.035 B2 5.20 - 5.40 0.204 - 0.212 B3 - - 0.95 - - 0.037 B5 - 0.30 - - 0.035 - C 0.45 - 0.60 0.017 - 0.023 C2 0.48 - 0.60 0.019 - 0.023 D 6 - 6.20 0.236 - 0.244 E 6.40 - 6.60 0.252 - 0.260 e - 2.28 - - 0.090 - G 4.40 - 4.60 0.173 - 0.181 H - 16.10 - - 0.634 - L 9 - 9.40 0.354 - 0.370 L1 0.8 - 1.20 0.031 - 0.047 L2 - 0.80 1 - V1 - 10 - - C2 B2 L2 D H L B3 L1 B A1 V1 B5 e G 10/13 Inches Min. A E Millimeters C A3 Doc ID 3768 Rev 3 0.031 0.039 10 - TN22 Package information Table 7. TO-220AB dimensions Dimensions Ref. Dia Min. Max. Min. Max. A 4.40 4.60 0.173 0.181 C 1.23 1.32 0.048 0.051 D 2.40 2.72 0.094 0.107 E 0.49 0.70 0.019 0.027 F 0.61 0.88 0.024 0.034 F1 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.066 F2 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.066 G 4.95 5.15 0.194 0.202 G1 2.40 2.70 0.094 0.106 H2 10 10.40 0.393 0.409 C L5 L7 L6 L2 F2 D L9 L4 L2 F M G1 Inches A H2 F1 Millimeters 16.4 typ. 0.645 typ. L4 13 14 0.511 0.551 L5 2.65 2.95 0.104 0.116 L6 15.25 15.75 0.600 0.620 L7 6.20 6.60 0.244 0.259 L9 3.50 3.93 0.137 0.154 E G M Diam. Doc ID 3768 Rev 3 2.6 typ. 3.75 3.85 0.102 typ. 0.147 0.151 11/13 Ordering information 5 Ordering information Table 8. 6 Ordering information Order code Marking Package Weight Base qty Delivery mode TN22-1500B TN22-1500 DPAK 0.3 g 75 Tube TN22-1500B-TR TN22-1500 DPAK 0.3 g 2500 Tape and reel TN22-1500H TN22-1500 IPAK 0.4 g 75 Tube TN22-1500T TN22-1500 TO-220AB 2.0 g 50 Tube Revision history Table 9. 12/13 TN22 Document revision history Date Revision Changes Oct-2000 1 First release. 17-Sep-2005 2 TO-220AB package added. 13-Aug-2009 3 Updated Figure 4. Added Figure 9 and 10. Doc ID 3768 Rev 3 TN22 Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. 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The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics. All other names are the property of their respective owners. (c) 2009 STMicroelectronics - All rights reserved STMicroelectronics group of companies Australia - Belgium - Brazil - Canada - China - Czech Republic - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - Philippines - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States of America www.st.com Doc ID 3768 Rev 3 13/13