August 2009 Doc ID 3768 Rev 3 1/13
13
TN22
Fluorescent tube lamp starter SCR
Features
■High clamping voltage structure
(1200 to 1500 V)
■Low gate triggering current for direct drive from
line (< 1.5 mA)
■High holding current (> 175 mA), ensuring high
striking energy
Description
The TN22 has been specifically developed for use
in tube lamp electronic starter circuits.
Used in conjunction with a sensitive SCR, it
provides high energy striking characteristics with
low triggering power.
Thanks to the optimized characteristics of the
TN22, starters based on this device can offer high
reliability levels and extended life time of the
fluorescent tube lamps.
1
23
TAB
12
3
TAB
1
2
3
TAB
2, TAB 1
3
DPAK
TN22-1500B-TR
IPAK
TN22-1500H
TO-220AB
TN22-1500T
www.st.com
Characteristics TN22
2/13 Doc ID 3768 Rev 3
1 Characteristics
Table 1. Absolute ratings (limiting values)
Symbol Parameter Value Unit
VRRM Repetitive peak off-state voltage Tj = 110 °C 400 V
IT(RMS)
On-state rms current
full sine wave (180° conduction angle) Tc = 95 °C 2 A
IT(AV)
Mean on-state current
Full sinewave (180° conduction angle) Tc = 95 °C 1.8 A
ITSM Non repetitive surge peak on-state current
(Tj initial = 25 °C)
tp = 8.3 ms 22 A
tp = 10 ms 20
I2tI
2t Value for fusing tp = 10 ms 2 A2s
dl/dt Critical rate of rise of on-state current
IG = 5 mA dIG/dt = 70 mA/µs 50 A/µs
PG(AV) Average gate power dissipation 300 mW
PGM Peak gate power dissipation tp = 20 µs 2W
IGM Peak gate current tp = 20 µs 1A
VRGM Maximum peak reverse gate voltage 6 V
Tstg
Tj
Storage and operating junction temperature range -40 to +150
-40 to +110 °C
TL
Maximum lead temperature for soldering during 10 s at 4.5 mm
from case 260 °C
Table 2. Electrical characteristics (Tj = 25 °C unless otherwise stated)
Symbol Test conditions Value Unit
IGT VD=12 V (DC), RL= 33 ΩMAX 1.5 mA
VGT VD=12 V (DC), RL= 33 Ω, RGK = 1 KΩMAX 3 V
IHVGK = 0 V MIN 175 mA
dV/dt Linear slope up to VD = 67% VDRM, VGK = 0 V, Tj = 110 °C MIN 500 V/µs
VBR ID = 5 mA, VGK = 0 V MIN 1200 V
MAX 1500
Table 3. Static electrical characteristics (Tj = 25 °C unless otherwise stated)
Symbol Test conditions Value Unit
VTM ITM = 2 A tp = 380 µs MAX 3.1 V
IDRM VDRM rated MAX 0.1 mA
Table 4. Thermal resistance
Symbol Parameter Value Unit
Rth(j-a) Junction to ambient DPAK / IPAK 100 °C/W
TO-220AB 60
Rth(j-c) Junction to case 3 °C/W
TN22 Characteristics
Doc ID 3768 Rev 3 3/13
Figure 1. Maximum average power
dissipation versus average on-state
current (rectified sine wave)
Figure 2. Average on-state current versus
case temperature
(rectified full sine wave)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
P(W)
α=180 °
α=120 °
α=90 °
α=60 °
α=30 °
360°360°360°360°
IT(AV)(A)
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
0 102030405060708090100110
I
T(AV)
(A)
α=180 °
360°360°360°360°
TC(°C)
Figure 3. Average on-state current versus
ambient temperature, free air
convection (rectified full sine wave)
Figure 4. Variation of thermal impedance
junction to ambient versus pulse
duration
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0 102030405060708090100110
I
T(AV)
(A)
α=180°
DPAK / IPAK
TO-220AB
T
amb
(°C)
0.1
1.0
10.0
100.0
1.E-03 1.E-02 1.E-01 1.E+00 1.E+01 1.E+02 1.E+03
Z
th(j-a)
(°C/W)
DPAK
IPAK
TO-220AB
t
P
(s)
Figure 5. Relative variation of gate trigger
current and holding current versus
junction temperature
Figure 6. Surge peak on-state current versus
number of cycles
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
-40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
I
GT
,I
H
[T
j
]/I
GT
,I
H
[T
j
=25°C]
I
GT
I
H
Tj(°C)
typical values
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
1 10 100 1000
I
TSM
(A)
Tjinitial=25 °C
One cycle
tp=10ms
Number of cycles
Characteristics TN22
4/13 Doc ID 3768 Rev 3
Figure 11. Holding current versus gate-cathode resistance (typical values)
Figure 7. Non-repetitive surge peak on-state
current for a sinusoidal pulse
Figure 8. On-state characteristics
(maximum values)
1
10
100
1000
0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00
I
TSM
(A), I²t (A²s)
Tjinitial=25 °C
ITSM
I²t
dI/dt limitation
50 A/µs
tP(ms)
t < 10 ms and corresponding value of I t
p
2
0.1
1.0
10.0
100.0
012345678
I
TM
(A)
Tj=25 °C
Tj=110 °C
Tjmax. :
Vto = 2.5 V
RD= 235 mΩ
VTM(V)
Figure 9. Maximum allowable rms current
versus time conduction and initial
case temperature
Figure 10. Maximum allowable rms current
versus time conduction and initial
case temperature
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0
.1 1.
0
1
0
.
0
1
00
.
0
IT(RMS)(A)
TCinitial=25°C
TCinitial=65°C
DPAK
IPAK
TCinitial=45°CTCinitial=45°C
tP(s)
Tj max= 135 °C (the failure mode will be short circuit)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0.1 1.0 10.0 100.0
IT(RMS)(A)
TCinitial=25°C
TCinitial=65°C
TCinitial=45°CTCinitial=45°C TO-220AB
Tj max= 135 °C (the failure mode will be short circuit)
tP(s)
1
10
100
1000
1 10 100 1000
I
H
(mA)
Tj=25 °C
RGK()
Ω
TN22 Application information
Doc ID 3768 Rev 3 5/13
2 Application information
2.1 Overview
The TN22 has been designed for use as a fluorescent tube starter switch.
As shown in Figure 12, the starter circuit is divided in five parts:
1. Rectifier bridge: to rectify mains voltage.
2. Voltage detector : RCD circuit used to switch on the TN22.
3. Preheating time control: RC circuit used to switch on the SCR, so turn off the TN22.
4. Ignition circuit: made of sensitive SCR and TN22 devices.
5. Reset control: resistor used to discharge the C2 capacitor and to reset the circuit.
Figure 12. Electronic starter schematic
FLUORESCENT
FLUORESCENT
TUBE
MAINS
VOLTAGE
SWITCH INDUCTANCE
BALLAST
Rectifier Reset control
Ignition circuit
Preheating
time control
Preheating
time control
Voltage detector
SCR
mains
mains
-+
D2 – D5
TN22
+
C1
+C2
R1
R4
R3
R2
D6
D1
I
T
V
S
1
2
3
4
5
Starter circuit
Application information TN22
6/13 Doc ID 3768 Rev 3
Three steps are necessary to ignite a fluorescent tube (see Figure 13):
●preheating of the filament
●ignition of the tube
●"lighting" mode
Figure 13. The three operating steps of the electronic starter:
preheating, ignition and lighting
2.2 Filament and tube preheating
The mains voltage is applied across the circuit and when it reaches a higher level than the
zener clamping voltage (VCL), a current flows through the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1.
The TN22 switches on when the voltage across its gate to cathode junction reaches the
triggering gate level (VGT).
As the TN22 is in on-state, a full sinusoidal current flows through the filaments (primary of
the rectifier bridge) that are warmed up. This current is limited by the input ballast. The TN22
remains on at each current zero crossing point because the gate is still powered by the C1
capacitor.
The preheating time duration is set with the RC circuit made of R3, R2 and C2, and
according to the voltage polarization fixed by the D1 drop voltage.
The preheating time is typically in the range of 2 to 3 seconds depending on the tube
characteristics.
VS(500 V/div)
IT(1 A/div)
Preheating
Ignition
Lighting
VS(500 V/div)
IT(1 A/div)
Preheating
Ignition
Lighting
TN22 Application information
Doc ID 3768 Rev 3 7/13
2.3 Ignition step
When C2 is charged above the SCR triggering gate voltage (VGT), the SCR switches on.
The voltage across the TN22 gate to cathode junction is fixed to a negative value, which
allows a proper TN22 switch-off, with a high holding current (IH) level.
When the current reaches IH, the TN22 switches off and the ballast inductor generates a
high voltage pulse across the tube (see Figure 14). This over-voltage is clamped by the
TN22 to a value fixed by the breakdown voltage (VBR). A 1200 V to 1500 V level is
necessary to ensure a correct ignition of the fluorescent tubes.
Figure 14. Typical high voltage pulse of an electronic starter circuit
(P0130AA SCR, TN22)
If the lamp is not ignited after the first pulse, the starter circuit starts a new ignition
sequence. The pulse is regenerated until ignition of the tube lamp. If the lamp is not ignited
after several attempts, the starter circuit can automatically stop the ignition sequence.
Figure 15. Repetitive ignitions sequence
2.4 Lighting state
When the lamp is ignited, the capacitor C2 is discharged through the resistors R2, R3 and
R4. The voltage across the lamp remains lower than the D6 clamping voltage (VCL),
avoiding the triggering of the TN22. The starter circuit remains in stand-by mode.
IT(50 mA/div)
VS(200 V/div)
VBR 1300 V≈
IH225 mA≈
fBURST= 50 Hz VS(500 V/div)
IT(500 mA /div)
Mains voltage
Pulse
Ordering information scheme TN22
8/13 Doc ID 3768 Rev 3
3 Ordering information scheme
Figure 16. Ordering information scheme
TN 2 2 - 1500 x -TR
Startlight device
Package
On-state rms current
Triggering gate current (MAX)
Breakdown voltage
Packing
2 = 2 A
1500 = 1500 V
T = TO-220AB
R = I2PA K
Blank = Tube
-TR = Tape and reel (DPAK)
2 = 1.5 mA
B = DPAK
H = IPAK
TN22 Package information
Doc ID 3768 Rev 3 9/13
4 Package information
●Epoxy meets UL94,V0
●Cooling method: by convection
●Recommended torque value: 0.4 to 0.6 N·m (TO-220AB)
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK®
specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com.
ECOPACK® is an ST trademark.
Figure 17. Footprint (dimensions in mm)
Table 5. DPAK dimensions
Ref.
Dimensions
Millimeters Inches
Min. Max. Min. Max.
A 2.20 2.40 0.086 0.094
A1 0.90 1.10 0.035 0.043
A2 0.03 0.23 0.001 0.009
B 0.64 0.90 0.025 0.035
B2 5.20 5.40 0.204 0.212
C 0.45 0.60 0.017 0.023
C2 0.48 0.60 0.018 0.023
D 6.00 6.20 0.236 0.244
E 6.40 6.60 0.251 0.259
G 4.40 4.60 0.173 0.181
H 9.35 10.10 0.368 0.397
L2 0.80 typ. 0.031 typ.
L4 0.60 1.00 0.023 0.039
V2 0° 8° 0° 8°
H
L4
G
B
L2
E
B2
D
A1
R
R
C
A
C2
0.60 MIN.
V2
A2
6.7
6.7 3 3 1.6
1.6
2.3
2.3
Package information TN22
10/13 Doc ID 3768 Rev 3
Table 6. IPAK dimensions
Ref.
Dimensions
Millimeters Inches
Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.
A 2.20 - 2.40 0.086 - 0.094
A1 0.90 - 1.10 0.035 - 0.043
A3 0.70 - 1.30 0.027 - 0.051
B 0.64 - 0.90 0.025 - 0.035
B2 5.20 - 5.40 0.204 - 0.212
B3 - - 0.95 - - 0.037
B5 - 0.30 - - 0.035 -
C 0.45 - 0.60 0.017 - 0.023
C2 0.48 - 0.60 0.019 - 0.023
D 6 - 6.20 0.236 - 0.244
E 6.40 - 6.60 0.252 - 0.260
e - 2.28 - - 0.090 -
G 4.40 - 4.60 0.173 - 0.181
H-16.10- -0.634-
L 9 - 9.40 0.354 - 0.370
L1 0.8 - 1.20 0.031 - 0.047
L2 - 0.80 1 - 0.031 0.039
V1 - 10° - - 10° -
H
LL1
G
eB5
B
V1
D
C
A1
A3
A
C2
B3
L2
E
B2
TN22 Package information
Doc ID 3768 Rev 3 11/13
Table 7. TO-220AB dimensions
Ref.
Dimensions
Millimeters Inches
Min. Max. Min. Max.
A 4.40 4.60 0.173 0.181
C 1.23 1.32 0.048 0.051
D 2.40 2.72 0.094 0.107
E 0.49 0.70 0.019 0.027
F 0.61 0.88 0.024 0.034
F1 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.066
F2 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.066
G 4.95 5.15 0.194 0.202
G1 2.40 2.70 0.094 0.106
H2 10 10.40 0.393 0.409
L2 16.4 typ. 0.645 typ.
L4 13 14 0.511 0.551
L5 2.65 2.95 0.104 0.116
L6 15.25 15.75 0.600 0.620
L7 6.20 6.60 0.244 0.259
L9 3.50 3.93 0.137 0.154
M 2.6 typ. 0.102 typ.
Diam. 3.75 3.85 0.147 0.151
A
C
D
L7
Dia
L5
L6
L9
L4
F
H2
G
G1
L2
F2
F1
E
M
Ordering information TN22
12/13 Doc ID 3768 Rev 3
5 Ordering information
6 Revision history
Table 8. Ordering information
Order code Marking Package Weight Base qty Delivery mode
TN22-1500B TN22-1500 DPAK 0.3 g 75 Tube
TN22-1500B-TR TN22-1500 DPAK 0.3 g 2500 Tape and reel
TN22-1500H TN22-1500 IPAK 0.4 g 75 Tube
TN22-1500T TN22-1500 TO-220AB 2.0 g 50 Tube
Table 9. Document revision history
Date Revision Changes
Oct-2000 1 First release.
17-Sep-2005 2 TO-220AB package added.
13-Aug-2009 3 Updated Figure 4. Added Figure 9 and 10.
TN22
Doc ID 3768 Rev 3 13/13
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