Rev 1.0 4/14 Copyright © 2014 by Silicon Laboratories EM358x
EM358x
High-Performance, Integrated ZigBee/802.15.4 System-on-Chip Family
Complete System-on-Chip
-32-bit ARM® Cortex -M3 processor
-2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.4-2003 transceiver & lower MAC
-256 or 512 kB flash, with optional read protection
-32 or 64 kB RAM memory
-AES128 encryption accelerator
-Flexible ADC, UART/SPI/TWI serial communications,
and general purpose timers
-Optional USB serial communications
-24 highly configurable GPIOs with Schmitt trigger inputs
Industry-leading ARM® Cortex -M3 processor
-Leading 32-bit processing performance
-Highly efficient Thumb-2 instruction set
-Operation at 6, 12, or 24 MHz
-Flexible Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller
Low power consumption, advanced management
-RX Current (w/ CPU): 27 mA
-TX Current (w/ CPU, +3 dBm TX): 31 mA
-Low deep sleep current, with retained RAM and GPIO:
1.0 A without/1.25 A with sleep timer
-Low-frequency internal RC oscillator for low-power sleep
timing
-High-frequency internal RC oscillator for fast (110 µs)
processor start-up from sleep
Exceptional RF Performance
-Normal mode link budget up to 103 dB; configurable up
to 110 dB
-–100 dBm normal RX sensitivity; configurable to
–102 dBm (1% PER, 20 byte packet)
-+3 dB normal mode output power; configurable up to
+8 dBm
-Robust Wi-Fi and Bluetooth coexistence
Innovative network and processor debug
-Packet Trace Port for non-intrusive packet trace with
Ember development tools
-Serial Wire/JTAG interface
-Standard ARM debug capabilities: Flash Patch & Break-
point; Data Watchpoint & Trace; Instrumentation Trace
Macrocell
Application Flexibility
-Single voltage operation: 2.1–3.6 V with internal 1.8 and
1.25 V regulators
-Optional 32.768 kHz crystal for higher timer accuracy
-Low external component count with single 24 MHz
crystal
-Support for external power amplifier
-Small 7x7 mm 48-pin QFN package
ADC
RF_P,N
Program
Flash
512 kB
Data
RAM
64 kB
HFcrystal
OSC
LFcrystal
OSC
General
Purpose
ADC
Serial
Wire and
JTAG
debug
Internal LF
RC-OSC
GPIO multiplexor switch
Chip
manager
1.8V
Regulator
Bias
2nd level
Interrupt
controller
RF_TX_ALT_P,N
OSCA
OSCB
PA[7:0], PB[7:0], PC[7:0]
Encryption
acclerator
IF
Always
Powered
Domain
ARM® CortexTM-M3
CPU with NVIC
and MPU
VREG_OUT
Watchdog
PAselect
LNA
PA
PA
DAC MAC
+
Baseband
Sleep
timer
POR
nRESET
General
purpose
timers
GPIO
registers
UART/
SPI/TWI
SYNTH
Internal HF
RC-OSC
TX_ACTIVE
Calibration
ADC
PacketTrace
CPU debug
TPIU/ITM/FPB/
DWT/ETM
1.25V
Regulator
VDD_CORE USB
Device SWCLK,JTCK
EM358x
2 Rev 1.0
General Description
The Ember EM358x is a fully integrated System-on-Chip that integrates a 2.4 GHz, IEEE 802.15.4-2003-compliant
transceiver, 32-bit ARM® CortexTM-M3 microprocessor, flash and RAM memory, and peripherals of use to
designers of ZigBee-based systems.
The transceiver uses an efficient architecture that exceeds the dynamic range requirements imposed by the IEEE
802.15.4-2003 standard by over 15 dB. The integrated receive channel filtering allows for robust co-existence with
other communication standards in the 2.4 GHz spectrum, such as IEEE 802.11-2007 and Bluetooth. The integrated
regulator, VCO, loop filter, and power amplifier keep the external component count low. An optional high
performance radio mode (boost mode) is software-selectable to boost dynamic range.
The integrated 32-bit ARM® CortexTM-M3 microprocessor is highly optimized for high performance, low power
consumption, and efficient memory utilization. Including an integrated MPU, it supports two different modes of
operation—privileged mode and user mode. This architecture could allow for separation of the networking stack
from the application code, and prevents unwanted modification of restricted areas of memory and registers
resulting in increased stability and reliability of deployed solutions.
The EM358x has either 256 or 512 kB of embedded flash memory and either 32 or 64 kB of integrated RAM for
data and program storage. The Ember software for the EM358x employs an effective wear-leveling algorithm that
optimizes the lifetime of the embedded flash.
To maintain the strict timing requirements imposed by the ZigBee and IEEE 802.15.4-2003 standards, the EM358x
integrates a number of MAC functions, AES128 encryption accelerator, and automatic CRC handling into the
hardware. The MAC hardware handles automatic ACK transmission and reception, automatic backoff delay, and
clear channel assessment for transmission, as well as automatic filtering of received packets. The Ember Packet
Trace Interface is also integrated with the MAC, allowing complete, non-intrusive capture of all packets to and from
the EM358x with Ember development tools.
The EM358x offers a number of advanced power management features that enable long battery life. A high-
frequency internal RC oscillator allows the processor core to begin code execution quickly upon waking. Various
deep sleep modes are available with less than 2 µA power consumption while retaining RAM contents. To support
user-defined applications, on-chip peripherals include optional USB, UART, SPI, TWI, ADC, and general-purpose
timers, as well as up to 24 GPIOs. Additionally, an integrated voltage regulator, power-on-reset circuit, and sleep
timer are available.
Finally, the EM358x utilizes standard Serial Wire and JTAG interfaces for powerful software debugging and
programming of the ARM CortexTM-M3 core. The EM358x integrates the standard ARM® system debug
components: Flash Patch and Breakpoint (FPB), Data Watchpoint and Trace (DWT), and Instrumentation Trace
Macrocell (ITM) as well as the advanced Embedded Trace Macrocell (ETM).
Target applications for the EM358x include:
Smart Energy
Building automation and control
Home automation and control
Security and monitoring
General ZigBee wireless sensor networking
This technical data sheet details the EM358x features available to customers using it with Ember software.
EM358x
Rev 1.0 3
Table of Contents
1. Related Documents and Conventions ...............................................................................5
1.1. Related Documents........................................................................................................5
1.1.1. Ember EM358x Reference Manual........................................................................5
1.1.2. ZigBee Specification..............................................................................................5
1.1.3. ZigBee PRO Stack Profile .....................................................................................5
1.1.4. ZigBee Stack Profile ..............................................................................................5
1.1.5. Bluetooth Core Specification .................................................................................5
1.1.6. EEE 802.15.4-2003 ...............................................................................................5
1.1.7. EEE 802.11g..........................................................................................................5
1.1.8. USB 2.0 Specification ............................................................................................5
1.1.9. ARM® Cortex™-M3 Reference Manual ................................................................5
1.2. Conventions ...................................................................................................................6
2. Typical Connection Diagrams ............................................................................................9
3. Electrical Specifications....................................................................................................13
3.1. Absolute Maximum Ratings..........................................................................................13
3.2. Recommended Operating Conditions ..........................................................................13
3.3. Environmental Characteristics......................................................................................14
3.4. DC Electrical Characteristics........................................................................................14
3.5. Digital I/O Specifications ..............................................................................................19
3.6. Non-RF System Electrical Characteristics ...................................................................20
3.7. RF Electrical Characteristics ........................................................................................21
3.7.1. Receive................................................................................................................21
3.7.2. Transmit...............................................................................................................24
3.7.3. Synthesizer..........................................................................................................26
4. EM358x System Overview.................................................................................................27
4.1. Microprocessor and Memory........................................................................................28
4.1.1. ARM® Cortex™-M3 Microprocessor ...................................................................28
4.1.2. Embedded Memory .............................................................................................29
4.2. Interrupt System ...........................................................................................................29
4.2.1. Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller (NVIC) .......................................................29
4.2.2. Event Manager ....................................................................................................29
4.2.3. Memory Protection Unit ............................................................................29
4.3. Radio Module ...............................................................................................................29
4.3.1. Receive (Rx) Path................................................................................................29
4.3.2. Transmit (Tx) Path...............................................................................................30
4.3.3. Integrated MAC Module.......................................................................................30
4.3.4. Packet Trace Interface (PTI)................................................................................30
4.3.5. Random Number Generator ................................................................................30
4.4. System Modules...........................................................................................................30
4.4.1. Power domains....................................................................................................30
4.4.2. Resets..................................................................................................................31
4.4.3. Clocks..................................................................................................................31
4.4.4. System Timers.....................................................................................................31
4.4.5. Power Management.............................................................................................31
EM358x
4 Rev 1.0
4.5. Integrated Voltage Regulator .......................................................................................32
4.6. Peripherals ...................................................................................................................32
4.6.1. GPIO ..................................................................................................................32
4.6.2. Serial Controllers .................................................................................................32
4.6.3. USB ..................................................................................................................33
4.6.4. General Purpose Timers......................................................................................33
4.6.5. Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) ......................................................................34
4.7. Debugging ....................................................................................................................34
4.7.1. Trace Port Interface Unit (TPIU) ..........................................................................34
4.7.2. Instrumentation Trace Macrocell (ITM)................................................................34
4.7.3. Embedded Trace Macrocell (ETM)......................................................................34
4.7.4. Data Watchpoint and Trace (DWT)...........................................................34
4.7.5. Flash Patch and Breakpoint (FPB) ......................................................................35
4.7.6. Serial Wire and JTAG (SWJ) Interface ................................................................35
5. Ordering Information.........................................................................................................36
6. Pin Assignments................................................................................................................37
6.1. Mechanical Details .......................................................................................................50
6.1.1. QFN48 Footprint Recommendations ...................................................................52
6.1.2. Solder Temperature Profile..................................................................................54
6.2. Part Marking .................................................................................................................56
Document Change List ...........................................................................................................58
Contact Information ................................................................................................................59
EM358x
Rev 1.0 5
1. Related Documents and Conventions
1.1. Related Documents
This data sheet accompanies several documents to provide the complete description of the Ember EM358x
devices.
1.1.1. Ember EM358x Reference Manual
The Silicon Laboratories Ember EM358x Reference Manual provides the detailed description for each peripheral
on the EM358x devices.
1.1.2. ZigBee Specification
The core ZigBee specification (Document 053474) defines ZigBee's smart, cost-effective and energy-efficient
mesh network. It can be downloaded from the ZigBee website (www.zigbee.org). ZigBee Alliance membership is
required.
1.1.3. ZigBee PRO Stack Profile
The ZigBee PRO Stack Profile specification (Document 074855) is optimized for low power consumption and to
support large networks with thousands of devices. It can be downloaded from the ZigBee website (111.zigbee.org).
ZigBee Alliance membership is required.
1.1.4. ZigBee Stack Profile
The ZigBee Stack Profile specification (Document 064321) is designed to support smaller networks with hundreds
of devices in a single network. It can be downloaded from the ZigBee website (111.zigbee.org). ZigBee Alliance
membership is required.
1.1.5. Bluetooth Core Specification
The Bluetooth specification is the global short-range wireless standard enabling connectivity for a broad range of
electronic devices. Version 2.1 + EDR (Enhanced Data Rate) can be found here:
http://www.bluetooth.org/docman/handlers/downloaddoc.ashx?doc_id=241363
1.1.6. EEE 802.15.4-2003
This standard defines the protocol and compatible interconnection for data communication devices using low data
rate, low power and low complexity, short-range radio frequency (RF) transmissions in a wireless personal area
network (WPAN). It can be found here:
IEEE 802.15.4-2003 (http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.15.4-2003.pdf)
1.1.7. EEE 802.11g
This version provides changes and additions to support the further higher data rate extension for operation in the
2.4 GHz band. It can be found here:
http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.11g-2003.pdf
1.1.8. USB 2.0 Specification
The Universal Serial Bus Revision 2.0 specification provides the technical details to understand USB requirements
and design USB compatible products. The main specification (usb_20.pdf) is part of the zipfile found here:
http://www.usb.org/developers/docs/usb_20_101111.zip
1.1.9. ARM® Cortex™-M3 Reference Manual
ARM-specific features like the Nested Vector Interrupt Controller are described in the ARM® Cortex™-M3
reference documentation. The online reference manual can be found here:
http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.subset.cortexm.m3/index.html#cortexm3
EM358x
6 Rev 1.0
1.2. Conventions
Abbreviations and acronyms used in this data sheet are explained in
Table 1.1. Acronyms and Abbreviations
Acronym/Abbreviation Meaning
ACK Acknowledgement
ADC Analog to Digital Converter
AES Advanced Encryption Standard
AGC Automatic Gain Control
AHB Advanced High Speed Bus
APB Advanced Peripheral Bus
CBC-MAC Cipher Block Chaining—Message Authentication Code
CCA Clear Channel Assessment
CCM Counter with CBC-MAC Mode for AES encryption
CCM* Improved Counter with CBC-MAC Mode for AES encryption
CIB Customer Information Block
CLK1K 1 kHz Clock
CLK32K 32.768 kHz Crystal Clock
CPU Central Processing Unit
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
CSMA-CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access-Collision Avoidance
CTR Counter Mode
CTS Clear to Send
DNL Differential Non-Linearity
DMA Direct Memory Access
DWT Data Watchpoint and Trace
EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
EM Event Manager
ENOB effective number of bits
ESD Electro Static Discharge
ESR Equivalent Series Resistance
ETR External Trigger Input
FCLK ARM® CortexTM-M3 CPU Clock
FIB Fixed Information Block
FIFO First-in, First-out
EM358x
Rev 1.0 7
FPB Flash Patch and Breakpoint
GPIO General Purpose I/O (pins)
HF High Frequency
I2CInter-Integrated Circuit
IDE Integrated Development Environment
IF Intermediate Frequency
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
INL Integral Non-linearity
ITM Instrumentation Trace Macrocell
JTAG Joint Test Action Group
LF Low Frequency
LNA Low Noise Amplifier
LQI Link Quality Indicator
LSB Least significant bit
MAC Medium Access Control
MFB Main Flash Block
MISO Master in, slave out
MOS Metal Oxide Semiconductor (P-channel or N-channel)
MOSI Master out, slave in
MPU Memory Protection Unit
MSB Most significant bit
MSL Moisture Sensitivity Level
NACK Negative Acknowledge
NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology
NMI Non-Maskable Interrupt
NVIC Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller
OPM One-Pulse Mode
O-QPSK Offset-Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
OSC24M High Frequency Crystal Oscillator
OSC32K Low-Frequency 32.768 kHz Oscillator
OSCHF High-Frequency Internal RC Oscillator
OSCRC Low-Frequency RC Oscillator
PA Power Amplifier
Table 1.1. Acronyms and Abbreviations
EM358x
8 Rev 1.0
PCLK Peripheral clock
PER Packet Error Rate
PHY Physical Layer
PLL Phase-Locked Loop
POR Power-On-Reset
PRNG Pseudo Random Number Generator
PSD Power Spectral Density
PTI Packet Trace Interface
PWM Pulse Width Modulation
QFN Quad Flat Pack
RAM Random Access Memory
RC Resistive/Capacitive
RF Radio Frequency
RMS Root Mean Square
RoHS Restriction of Hazardous Substances
RSSI Receive Signal Strength Indicator
RTS Request to Send
Rx Receive
SYSCLK System clock
SDFR Spurious Free Dynamic Range
SFD Start Frame Delimiter
SINAD Signal-to-noise and distortion ratio
SPI Serial Peripheral Interface
SWJ Serial Wire and JTAG Interface
THD Total Harmonic Distortion
TRNG True random number generator
TWI Two Wire serial interface
Tx Transmit
UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter
UEV Update event
USB Universal Serial Bus
VCO Voltage Controlled Oscillator
Table 1.1. Acronyms and Abbreviations
EM358x
Rev 1.0 9
2. Typical Connection Diagrams
Figure 2.1 illustrates the typical application circuit.
Note: The circuit shown in Figure 2.1 is for example purposes only. For a complete reference design, please download one of
the latest Ember Hardware Reference Designs from the Silicon Labs website (www.silabs.com/zigbee-support).
The Balun provides an impedance transformation from the antenna to the EM358x for both TX and RX modes.
L4, along with the PCB trace parasitics and the ceramic balun impedence, provide the optimal RF path for
maximum transmit power and receive sensitivity for the EM358x system.
The harmonic filter (L5, L6, C7, C8 and C9) provides additional suppression of the second harmonic, which
increases the margin over the FCC limit.
The 24 MHz crystal, Y2, with loading capacitors is required and provides the high-frequency crystal oscillator
source for the EM358x’s main system clock. The optional 32.768 kHz crystal, Y1, with loading capacitors
generates a highly accurate low-frequency crystal oscillator for use with peripherals, but it is not mandatory as the
low-frequency internal RC oscillator can be used.
Loading capacitance and ESR (C3 and R3) provides proper loading for the internal 1.8 V regulator.
Loading capacitance C4 provides proper loading for the internal 1.25 V regulator, no ESR is required because it is
contained within the chip.
Resistor R7 reduces the operating voltage of the flash memory. This reduces current consumption and improves
sensitivity by 1 dB when compared to not using it.
Various decoupling capacitors, C12 – C21, are required, these should be placed as close to their corresponding
pins as possible. For values and locations see one of the Silicon Labs reference designs.
An antenna impedance matched to 50 is required.
EM358x
10 Rev 1.0
Figure 2.1. Typical Application Circuit
EM358x
Rev 1.0 11
Table 2.1. Bill of Materials for Figure 2.1
Item Qty Reference Description Manufacturer
1 1 ANT1 ANTENNA, <not specified> <not specified>
2 1 BLN1 BALUN, CHIP MULTILAYER CERAMIC, 2.4
GHZ. 50/100 OHM, -40C TO 85C, 0805
Wurth 748421245
Johanson 2450BL15B100E
Murata LDB212G4010C-001
TDK HHM1520
3 1 C1 CAPACITOR, <not specified> <not specified>
4 1 C2 CAPACITOR, <not specified> <not specified>
5 1 C3 CAPACITOR, 2.2 µF, 10 V, X5R, 10%, 0603 <not specified>
6 1 C4 CAPACITOR, 1 µF, 6.3 V, X5R, 10%, 0402 <not specified>
7 1 C5 CAPACITOR, 33 pF, ±5%, 50 V, NPO, 0402 <not specified>
8 3 C6, C10, C11 CAPACITOR, 22 pF, ±5%, 50 V, NPO, 0402 <not specified>
9 2 C7, C9 CAPACITOR, 1 pF, ±0.25 pF, 50 V, 0402, NPO <not specified>
10 1C8 CAPACITOR, 1.8pF, ±0.25 pF, 50 V, 0402, NPO <not specified>
11 1FB1 FERRITE BEAD, 60 OHM, 500MA, 0603 Murata BLM18PG600SN1
12 1 J1 CONNECTOR, USB, END LAUNCH, THROUGH
HOLE
Molex 67068-8110
13 1 J2 CONNECTOR, HEADER, SHROUDED, 10
POSITION, DUAL ROW, VERTICAL, 0.050"
Samtec FTSH-105-01-L-DV-K
14 4L1, L2, L3, L4 INDUCTOR, <not specified> <not specified>
15 2L5, L6 INDUCTOR, 2.7 nH, ±0.3 nH, 0402, MULTI-
LAYER
Murata LQG15HS2N7
16 1R1 RESISTOR, 15K OHM, 5%, 1/10W, 0402 <not specified>
17 1R2 RESISTOR, 10K OHM, 5%, 1/16W, 0402 <not specified>
18 1R3 RESISTOR, 1 OHM, 5%, 1/16W, 0402 <not specified>
19 1R4 RESISTOR, 1.5K OHM, 1%, 1/16W, 0402 <not specified>
20 2R5, R6 RESISTOR, 26.1 OHM, 1%, 1/10W, 0402 <not specified>
21 1R7 RESISTOR, 10 OHM, 5%, 1/16W, 0402 <not specified>
22 4R8, R9, R10, R11 RESISTOR, 100K OHM, 5%, 1/16W, 0402 <not specified>
23 1Q1 MOSFET, 2N7002, 300MA, 830MW, 60V, TO-
236-3, SC-59, SOT-23-3
NXP Semiconductor 2N7002
24 1U1 IC, VOLTAGE REGULATOR, <not specified> <not specified>
25 1U2 EM358x, ZIGBEE/802.15.4 RF
TRANSCEIVER, ARM CORTEX-M3, 32 or 64 kB
RAM, 256 or 512 kB FLASH, 48-QFN
EM3581-RTR/EM3582-RTR/
EM3585-RTR/
EM3586-RTR/EM3587-RTR/
EM3588-RTR
EM358x
12 Rev 1.0
26 1U3 IC - PROGRAMMABLE MEMORY - BLANK,
SERIAL FLASH, 8M (256K X 32), 2.7 V - 3.6 V, -
40 to 85 ºC, 8-SOIC (0.154", 3.90MM WIDTH)
WinBond W25Q80BVSNIG
27 1Y1 CRYSTAL, 32.768 kHz, ±20 ppm INITIAL TOL-
ERANCE AT +25ºC, 12.5 pF
Abracon ABS07-32.768KHZ-T
28 1Y2 OSCILLATOR, CRYSTAL, 24.000 MHz, 18 pF
LOAD, ±10 PPM TOLERANCE, ±25 PPM STA-
BILITY, -40 TO 85 ºC, AT49
Abracon ABLS-24.000MHZ-
D1X-T
ILSI HC49USM-24.000000M-
2435
AEL X24M000000S067
Table 2.1. Bill of Materials for Figure 2.1
EM358x
Rev 1.0 13
3. Electrical Specifications
3.1. Absolute Maximum Ratings
Tab l e 3.1 lists the absolute maximum ratings for the EM358x.
3.2. Recommended Operating Conditions
Tab l e 3.2 lists the rated operating conditions of the EM358x.
Table 3.1. Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter Test Condition Min Max Unit
Regulator input voltage (VDD_PADS) –0.3 +3.6 V
Analog, Memory and Core voltage (VDD_24MHZ,
VDD_VCO, VDD_RF, VDD_IF, VDD_PADSA,
VDD_MEM, VDD_PRE, VDD_SYNTH, VDD_CORE)
–0.3 +2.0 V
Voltage on RF_P,N; RF_TX_ALT_P,N –0.3 +3.6 V
RF Input Power
(for max level for correct packet reception see
Table 3.7)
RX signal into a
loss-less balun
—+15 dBm
Voltage on any GPIO (PA[7:0], PB[7:0], PC[7:0]),
SWCLK, nRESET, VREG_OUT
–0.3 VDD_PADS
+0.3
V
Voltage on any GPIO pin (PA4, PA5, PB5, PB6, PB7,
PC1), when used as an input to the general purpose
ADC
–0.3 2.0 V
Voltage on OSCA, OSCB, NC –0.3 VDD_PADSA
+0.3
V
Storage temperature –40 +140 °C
Table 3.2. Operating Conditions
Parameter Test Condition Min Typ Max Unit
Regulator input voltage (VDD_PADS) 2.1 —3.6 V
Analog and memory input voltage
(VDD_24MHZ, VDD_VCO, VDD_RF, VDD_IF,
VDD_PADSA, VDD_MEM, VDD_PRE,
VDD_SYNTH)
1.7 1.8 1.9 V
Core input voltage when supplied from internal
regulator (VDD_CORE)
1.18 1.25 1.32 V
Operating temperature range –40 —+85 °C
EM358x
14 Rev 1.0
3.3. Environmental Characteristics
Tab l e 3.3 lists the rated environmental characteristics of the EM358x.
3.4. DC Electrical Characteristics
Tab l e 3.4 lists the DC electrical characteristics of the EM358x.
Table 3.3. Environmental Characteristics
Parameter Test Condition Min Typ Max Unit
ESD (human body model) On any pin — — ±2 kV
ESD (charged device model) Non-RF pins — — ±400 V
ESD (charged device model) RF pins — — ±225 V
Table 3.4. DC Characteristics
Parameter Test Condition Min Typ Max Unit
Regulator input voltage
(VDD_PADS)
2.1—3.6 V
Power supply range (VDD_MEM) Regulator output or external input 1.7 1.8 1.9 V
Power supply range (VDD_CORE) Regulator output 1.18 1.25 1.32 V
Deep Sleep Current
Quiescent current, internal oscilla-
tor disabled, 4 kB RAM retained
–40 °C, VDD_PADS=3.6 V —0.9 —A
+25 °C, VDD_PADS=3.6 V —1.0 —A
+85 °C, VDD_PADS=3.6 V —2.2 —A
Quiescent current, including
internal RC oscillator, 4 kB RAM
retained
–40 °C, VDD_PADS=3.6 V —1.2 —A
+25 °C, VDD_PADS=3.6 V —1.25 —A
+85°C, VDD_PADS=3.6 V —2.5 —A
Quiescent current, including
32.768 kHz oscillator, 4 kB RAM
retained
–40 °C, VDD_PADS=3.6 V —1.3 —A
+25 °C, VDD_PADS=3.6 V —1.6 —A
+85 °C, VDD_PADS=3.6 V —2.9 —A
Quiescent current, including
internal RC oscillator and
32.768 kHz oscillator, 4 kB RAM
retained
–40 °C, VDD_PADS=3.6 V —1.6 —A
+25 °C, VDD_PADS=3.6 V —1.9 —A
+85 °C, VDD_PADS=3.6 V —3.2 —A
Additional quiescent current per
4 kB block of RAM retained
–40 °C, VDD_PADS=3.6 V —0.007 —A
+25 °C, VDD_PADS=3.6 V —0.067 —A
+85 °C, VDD_PADS=3.6 V —0.76 —A
Additional quiescent current when
retained RAM exceeds 32 kB
–40 °C, VDD_PADS=3.6 V —0.57 —A
+25 °C, VDD_PADS=3.6 V —0.67 —A
+85 °C, VDD_PADS=3.6 V —2.0 —A
Simulated deep sleep (debug
mode) current
With no debugger activity —500 —A
EM358x
Rev 1.0 15
Reset Current
Quiescent current, nRESET
asserted
Typ at 25 °C/3.0 V
Max at 85 °C/3.6 V
— 2 3 mA
Processor and Peripheral Currents
ARM® CortexTM-M3, RAM, and
flash memory
25 °C, 1.8 V memory and
1.25 V core
ARM® CortexTM-M3 running at 12 MHz
from crystal oscillator
Radio and all peripherals off
—7.5 —mA
ARM® CortexTM-M3, RAM, and
flash memory
25 °C, 1.8 V memory and
1.25 V core
ARM® CortexTM-M3 running at 24 MHz
from crystal oscillator
Radio and all peripherals off
—8.5 —mA
ARM® CortexTM-M3, RAM, and
flash memory sleep current
25 °C, 1.8 V memory and
1.25 V core
ARM® CortexTM-M3 sleeping, CPU
clock set to 12 MHz from the crystal
oscillator
Radio and all peripherals off
—4.0 —mA
ARM® CortexTM-M3, RAM, and
flash memory sleep current
25 °C, 1.8 V memory and
1.25 V core
ARM® CortexTM-M3 sleeping, CPU
clock set to 6 MHz from the high fre-
quency RC oscillator
Radio and all peripherals off
—2.5 —mA
Serial controller current For each controller at maximum data
rate
—0.2 —mA
General purpose timer current For each timer at maximum clock rate —0.25 —mA
General purpose ADC current At maximum sample rate, DMA enabled —1.1 —mA
USB active current 1mA
USB suspended mode current 1.8 V memory and 1.25 V core
ARM® CortexTM-M3 sleeping, CPU
clock set to 3 MHz from the high fre-
quency RC oscillator.
Radio and all peripherals off
2.5 mA
RX Current
Radio receiver, MAC, and base-
band
ARM® CortexTM-M3 sleeping, CPU
clock set to 12 MHz
—23.5 —mA
Total RX current ( = IRadio receiver,
MAC and baseband, CPU + IRAM,
and Flash memory )
25 °C, VDD_PADS=3.0 V
ARM® CortexTM-M3 running at 12 MHz
—27.0 —mA
25 °C, VDD_PADS=3.0 V
ARM® CortexTM-M3 running at 24 MHz
—28.0 —mA
Table 3.4. DC Characteristics (Continued)
Parameter Test Condition Min Typ Max Unit
EM358x
16 Rev 1.0
Boost mode total RX current ( =
IRadio receiver, MAC and base-
band, CPU+ IRAM, and flash
memory )
25 °C, VDD_PADS=3.0 V
ARM® CortexTM-M3 running at 12 MHz
—29.0 —mA
25 °C, VDD_PADS=3.0 V
ARM® CortexTM-M3 running at 24 MHz
—30.0 —mA
TX Current
Radio transmitter, MAC, and base-
band
25 °C and 1.8 V core; max. power out
(+3 dBm typical)
ARM® CortexTM-M3 sleeping, CPU
clock set to 12 MHz
—27.5 —mA
Total TX current ( = IRadio transmit-
ter, MAC and baseband, CPU +
IRAM, and flash memory)
25 °C, VDD_PADS=3.0 V; maximum
power setting (+8 dBm); ARM®
CortexTM-M3 running at 12 MHz
—44 —mA
25 °C, VDD_PADS=3.0 V; +3 dBm
power setting; ARM® CortexTM-M3
running at 12 MHz
—31.5 —mA
25 °C, VDD_PADS=3.0 V; 0 dBm power
setting; ARM® CortexTM-M3 running at
12 MHz
—29 —mA
25 °C, VDD_PADS=3.0 V; minimum
power setting; ARM® CortexTM-M3
running at 12 MHz
—24 —mA
25 °C, VDD_PADS=3.0 V; maximum
power setting (+8 dBm); ARM® Cor-
texTM-M3 running at 24 MHz
—45 —mA
25 °C, VDD_PADS=3.0 V; +3 dBm
power setting; ARM® CortexTM-M3
running at 24 MHz
—33.5 —mA
25 °C, VDD_PADS=3.0 V; 0 dBm power
setting; ARM® CortexTM-M3 running at
24 MHz
—30 —mA
25 °C, VDD_PADS=3.0 V; minimum
power setting; ARM® CortexTM-M3
running at 24 MHz
—24 —mA
Table 3.4. DC Characteristics (Continued)
Parameter Test Condition Min Typ Max Unit
EM358x
Rev 1.0 17
Figure 3.1 shows the variation of current in transmit mode (with the ARM® CortexTM-M3 running at 12 MHz).
Figure 3.1. Transmit Power Consumption
EM358x
18 Rev 1.0
Figure 3.2 shows typical output power against power setting on the Silicon Labs reference design.
Figure 3.2. Transmit Output Power
EM358x
Rev 1.0 19
3.5. Digital I/O Specifications
Tab l e 3.5 lists the digital I/O specifications for the EM358x. The digital I/O power (named VDD_PADS) comes from
three dedicated pins (Pins 23, 28, and 37). The voltage applied to these pins sets the I/O voltage.
Table 3.5. Digital I/O Specifications
Parameter Test Condition Min Typ Max Unit
Voltage supply (regulator input voltage) 2.1 —3.6 V
Low Schmitt switching threshold VSWIL
Schmitt input threshold going
from high to low
0.42 x
VDD_PADS
—0.50 x
VDD_PADS
V
High Schmitt switching threshold VSWIH
Schmitt input threshold going
from low to high
0.62 x
VDD_PADS
—0.80 x
VDD_PADS
V
Input current for logic 0 IIL — — –0.5 μA
Input current for logic 1 IIH — — +0.5 μA
Input pull-up resistor value RIPU 24 29 34 k
Input pull-down resistor value RIPD 24 29 34 k
Output voltage for logic 0 VOL
(IOL = 4 mA for standard pads,
8 mA for high current pads)
0 — 0.18 x
VDD_PADS
V
Output voltage for logic 1 VOH
(IOH = 4 mA for standard pads,
8 mA for high current pads)
0.82 x
VDD_PADS
—VDD_PADS V
Output source current
(standard current pad)
IOHS — — 4 mA
Output sink current
(standard current pad)
IOLS — — 4 mA
Output source current
high current pad: PA6, PA7, PB6, PB7,
PC0
IOHH — — 8 mA
Output sink current
high current pad: PA6, PA7, PB6, PB7,
PC0
IOLH — — 8 mA
Total output current (for I/O Pads) IOH + IOL — — 40 mA
EM358x
20 Rev 1.0
Tab l e 3.6 lists the nRESET pin specifications for the EM358x. The digital I/O power (named VDD_PADS) comes
from three dedicated pins (Pins 23, 28, and 37). The voltage applied to these pins sets the I/O voltage.
3.6. Non-RF System Electrical Characteristics
Tab l e 3.7 lists the non-RF system level characteristics for the EM358x.
Table 3.6. nReset Pin Specifications
Parameter Test Condition Min Typ Max Unit
Low Schmitt switching threshold VSWIL
Schmitt input threshold going from
high to low
0.42 x
VDD_PADS
—0.50 x
VDD_PADS
V
High Schmitt switching threshold VSWIH
Schmitt input threshold going from
low to high
0.62 x
VDD_PADS
—0.80 x
VDD_PADS
V
Input current for logic 0 IIL — — –0.5 μA
Input current for logic 1 IIH — — +0.5 μA
Input pull-up resistor value RIPU
Pull-up value while the chip is not
reset
24 29 34 k
Input pull-up resistor value RIPURESET
Pull-up value while the chip is
reset
12 14.5 17 k
Table 3.7. Non-RF System Electrical Characteristics
Parameter Test Condition Min Typ Max Unit
System wake time from deep
sleep
From wakeup event to first ARM® Cor-
texTM-M3 instruction running from 6 MHz
internal RC clock
Includes supply ramp time and oscillator
startup time
—110 —µs
Shutdown time going into deep
sleep
From last ARM® CortexTM-M3 instruction
to deep sleep mode
— 5 — µs
EM358x
Rev 1.0 21
3.7. RF Electrical Characteristics
3.7.1. Receive
Tab l e 3.8 lists the key parameters of the integrated IEEE 802.15.4-2003 receiver on the EM358x.
Receive measurements were collected with the Silicon Labs EM358x Ceramic Balun Reference Design (Version
A0) at 2440 MHz. The typical number indicates one standard deviation above the mean, measured at room
temperature (25C). The Min and Max numbers were measured over process corners at room temperature.
Table 3.8. Receive Characteristics
Parameter Test Condition Min Typ Max Unit
Frequency range 2400 —2500 MHz
Sensitivity (boost mode) 1% PER, 20 byte packet defined by
IEEE 802.15.4-2003;
—–102 –96 dBm
Sensitivity 1% PER, 20 byte packet defined by
IEEE 802.15.4-2003;
—–100 –94 dBm
High-side adjacent channel rejection IEEE 802.15.4-2003 interferer signal,
wanted IEEE 802.15.4-2003 signal
at –82 dBm
—35 —dB
Low-side adjacent channel rejection IEEE 802.15.4-2003 interferer signal,
wanted IEEE 802.15.4-2003 signal
at –82 dBm
—35 —dB
2nd high-side adjacent channel rejec-
tion
IEEE 802.15.4-2003 interferer signal,
wanted IEEE 802.15.4-2003 signal
at –82 dBm
—46 —dB
2nd low-side adjacent channel rejection IEEE 802.15.4-2003 interferer signal,
wanted IEEE 802.15.4-2003 signal
at –82 dBm
—46 —dB
High-side adjacent channel rejection Filtered IEEE 802.15.4-2003 inter-
ferer signal, wanted IEEE 802.15.4-
2003 signal at –82 dBm
—39 —dB
Low-side adjacent channel rejection Filtered IEEE 802.15.4-2003 inter-
ferer signal, wanted IEEE 802.15.4-
2003 signal at –82 dBm
—47 —dB
2nd high-side adjacent channel
rejection
Filtered IEEE 802.15.4-2003 inter-
ferer signal, wanted IEEE 802.15.4-
2003 signal at –82 dBm
—49 —dB
2nd low-side adjacent channel rejection Filtered IEEE 802.15.4-2003 inter-
ferer signal, wanted IEEE 802.15.4-
2003 signal at –82 dBm
—49 —dB
High-side adjacent channel rejection CW interferer signal, wanted IEEE
802.15.4-2003 signal at –82 dBm
—44 —dB
Low-side adjacent channel rejection CW interferer signal, wanted IEEE
802.15.4-2003 signal at –82 dBm
—47 —dB
EM358x
22 Rev 1.0
2nd high-side adjacent channel
rejection
CW interferer signal, wanted IEEE
802.15.4-2003 signal at –82 dBm
—59 —dB
2nd low-side adjacent channel rejection CW interferer signal, wanted IEEE
802.15.4-2003 signal at –82 dBm
—59 —dB
Channel rejection for all other channels IEEE 802.15.4-2003 interferer signal,
wanted IEEE 802.15.4-2003 signal
at –82 dBm
—40 —dB
802.11g rejection centered at +12 MHz
or –13 MHz
IEEE 802.15.4-2003 interferer signal,
wanted IEEE 802.15.4-2003 signal
at –82 dBm
—36 —dB
Maximum input signal level for correct
operation
0 — — dBm
Co-channel rejection IEEE 802.15.4-2003 interferer signal,
wanted IEEE 802.15.4-2003 signal
at –82 dBm
—–6 —dBc
Relative frequency error tolerance
(50% greater than the 2x40 ppm
required by IEEE 802.15.4-2003)
–120 —+120 ppm
Relative timing error tolerance
(50% greater than the 2x40 ppm
required by IEEE 802.15.4-2003)
–120 —+120 ppm
Linear RSSI range As defined by IEEE 802.15.4-2003 40 — — dB
RSSI Range –90 —–40 dBm
Table 3.8. Receive Characteristics (Continued)
Parameter Test Condition Min Typ Max Unit
EM358x
Rev 1.0 23
Figure 3.3 shows the variation of receive sensitivity with temperature for boost mode and normal mode for a typical
chip.
Figure 3.3. Receive Sensitivity vs. Temperature
EM358x
24 Rev 1.0
3.7.2. Transmit
Tab l e 3.9 lists the key parameters of the integrated IEEE 802.15.4-2003 transmitter on the EM358x.
Transmit measurements were collected with the Silicon Labs EM358x Ceramic Balun Reference Design (Version
A0) at 2440 MHz. The Typical number indicates one standard deviation below the mean, measured at room
temperature (25C). The Min and Max numbers were measured over process corners at room temperature. In
terms of impedance, this reference design presents a 3n3 inductor in parallel with a 100:50 Ω balun to the RF pins.
Table 3.9. Transmit Characteristics
Parameter Test Condition Min Typ Max Unit
Maximum output power
(boost mode)
At highest boost mode power setting (+8) — 8 — dBm
Maximum output power At highest normal mode power setting (+3) 1 5 — dBm
Minimum output power At lowest power setting —–55 —dBm
Error vector magnitude
(Offset-EVM)
As defined by IEEE 802.15.4-2003,
which sets a 35% maximum
— 5 15 %
Carrier frequency error –40 —+40 ppm
PSD mask relative 3.5 MHz away –20 ——dB
PSD mask absolute 3.5 MHz away –30 — — dBm
EM358x
Rev 1.0 25
Figure 3.4 shows the variation of transmit power with temperature for maximum boost mode power, and normal
mode for a typical chip.
Figure 3.4. Transmit Power vs. Temperature
EM358x
26 Rev 1.0
3.7.3. Synthesizer
Tab l e 3.10 lists the key parameters of the integrated synthesizer on the EM358x.
Table 3.10. Synthesizer Characteristics
Parameter Test Condition Min Typ Max Unit
Frequency range 2400 —2500 MHz
Frequency resolution —11.7 —kHz
Lock time From off — — 100 μs
Relock time Channel change or RX/TX turnaround
(IEEE 802.15.4-2003 defines 192 μs
turnaround time)
— — 100 μs
Phase noise at 100 kHz offset —–75 —dBc/Hz
Phase noise at 1 MHz offset —–100 —dBc/Hz
Phase noise at 4 MHz offset —–108 —dBc/Hz
Phase noise at 10 MHz offset —–114 —dBc/Hz
EM358x
Rev 1.0 27
4. EM358x System Overview
Figure 4.1 shows a detailed block diagram of the EM358x.
Figure 4.1. EM358x Block Diagram
The EM358x radio receiver is a low-IF, super-heterodyne receiver. The architecture has been chosen to optimize
co-existence with other devices in the 2.4 GHz band (namely Wi-Fi and Bluetooth), and to minimize power
consumption. The receiver uses differential signal paths to reduce sensitivity to noise interference. Following RF
amplification, the signal is downconverted by an image-rejecting mixer, filtered, and then digitized by an ADC.
The digital section of the receiver uses a coherent demodulator to generate symbols for the hardware-based MAC.
The digital receiver also contains the analog radio calibration routines, and controls the gain within the receiver
path.
The radio transmitter uses an efficient architecture in which the data stream directly modulates the VCO frequency.
An integrated PA provides the output power. Digital logic controls Tx path and output power calibration. If the
EM358x is to be used with an external PA, use the TX_ACTIVE or nTX_ACTIVE signal to control the timing of the
external switching logic.
The integrated 4.8 GHz VCO and loop filter minimize off-chip circuitry. Only a 24 MHz crystal with its loading
capacitors is required to establish the PLL local oscillator signal.
The MAC interfaces the on-chip RAM to the Rx and Tx baseband modules. The MAC provides hardware-based
IEEE 802.15.4-2003 packet-level filtering. It supplies an accurate symbol time base that minimizes the
synchronization effort of the Ember software and meets the protocol timing requirements. In addition, it provides
timer and synchronization assistance for the IEEE 802.15.4-2003 CSMA-CA algorithm.
The EM358x integrates hardware support for a packet trace module, which allows robust packet-based debug.
This element is a critical component of Ember Desktop, the Ember development environment, and provides
advanced network debug capability when used with the Ember Debug Adapter (ISA3).
The EM358x integrates an ARM® CortexTM-M3 microprocessor, revision r1p1. This industry-leading core provides
ADC
RF_P,N
Program
Flash
512 kB
Data
RAM
64 kB
HFcrystal
OSC
LFcrystal
OSC
General
Purpose
ADC
Serial
Wire and
JTAG
debug
Internal LF
RC-OSC
GPIO multiplexor switch
Chip
manager
1.8V
Regulator
Bias
2nd level
Interrupt
controller
RF_TX_ALT_P,N
OSCA
OSCB
PA[7:0], PB[7:0], PC[7:0]
Encryption
acclerator
IF
Always
Powered
Domain
ARM® CortexTM-M3
CPU with NVIC
and MPU
VREG_OUT
Watchdog
PAselect
LNA
PA
PA
DAC MAC
+
Baseband
Sleep
timer
POR
nRESET
General
purpose
timers
GPIO
registers
UART/
SPI/TWI
SYNTH
Internal HF
RC-OSC
TX_ACTIVE
Calibration
ADC
PacketTrace
CPU debug
TPIU/ITM/FPB/
DWT/ETM
1.25V
Regulator
VDD_CORE USB
Device SWCLK,JTCK
EM358x
28 Rev 1.0
32-bit performance and is very power-efficient. It has excellent code density using the ARM® Thumb-2 instruction
set. The processor can be operated at 12 or 24 MHz when using the high-frequency crystal oscillator, or at 6 MHz
or 12 MHz when using the high-frequency internal RC oscillator.
EM358x parts have either 256 or 512 kB of flash memory and either 32 or 64 kB of RAM on-chip, and the ARM
configurable memory protection unit (MPU).
The EM358x implements both the ARM Serial Wire and JTAG debug interfaces. These interfaces provide real
time, non-intrusive programming and debugging capabilities. Serial Wire and JTAG provide the same functionality,
but are mutually exclusive. The Serial Wire interface uses two pins; the JTAG interface uses five. Serial Wire is
preferred, since it uses fewer pins.
The EM358x contains the ARM® Embedded Trace Macrocell (ETM) to provide advanced real time software
debugging features for complex systems.
The EM358x contains 24 GPIO pins shared with other peripheral or alternate functions. Because of flexible routing
within the EM358x, external devices can use the alternate functions on a variety of different GPIOs. The integrated
serial controller SC1 can be configured for SPI (master or slave), TWI (master-only), or UART operation, and the
serial controller SC2 can be configured for SPI (master or slave) or TWI (master-only) operation.
The EM358x has an optional integrated USB 2.0-compliant, full-speed (12 Mbps) device peripheral, with an on-
chip transceiver. It is available on GPIO pins.
The EM358x has a general purpose ADC which can sample analog signals from six GPIO pins in single-ended or
differential modes. It can also sample the 1.8 V regulated supply VDD_PADSA, the voltage reference VREF, and
GND. The ADC has one voltage range: 0 V to 1.2 V (normal). The ADC has a DMA mode to capture samples and
automatically transfer them into RAM. The integrated voltage reference for the ADC, VREF, can be made available
to external circuitry. An external voltage reference can also be driven into the ADC. The regulator input voltage,
VDD_PADS, cannot be measured using the general purpose ADC, but it can be measured through Ember
software.
The EM358x contains four oscillators: a high-frequency 24 MHz external crystal oscillator, a high-frequency 12
MHz internal RC oscillator, an optional low-frequency 32.768 kHz external crystal oscillator, and a low-frequency
10 kHz internal RC oscillator.
The EM358x has an ultra low power, deep sleep state with a choice of clocking modes. The sleep timer can be
clocked with either the external 32.768 kHz crystal oscillator or with a 1 kHz clock derived from the internal 10 kHz
RC oscillator. Alternatively, all clocks can be disabled for the lowest power mode. In the lowest power mode, only
external events on GPIO pins will wake up the chip. The EM358x has a fast startup time (typically 110 µs) from
deep sleep to the execution of the first ARM® CortexTM-M3 instruction.
The EM358x contains three power domains. The always-on high voltage supply powers the GPIO pads and critical
chip functions. Regulated low voltage supplies power the rest of the chip. The low voltage supplies are disabled
during deep sleep to reduce power consumption. Integrated voltage regulators generate regulated 1.25 V and 1.8
V voltages from an unregulated supply voltage. The 1.8 V regulator output is decoupled and routed externally to
supply analog blocks, RAM, and flash memories. The 1.25 V regulator output is decoupled externally and supplies
the core logic.
EM358x parts are pin-compatible with the Ember EM351 and EM357 chips.
Note: The EM358x is not pin-compatible with the previous generation of Ember chip, the EM250, except for the RF section of
the chip. Pins 1-11 and 45-48 are compatible, to ease migration to the EM358x.
The following sections summarize features of the EM358x that are addressed in more detail in the Ember EM358x
Reference Manual.
4.1. Microprocessor and Memory
Refer to chapter 2 in the Ember EM358x Reference Manual for more information.
4.1.1. ARM® Cortex™-M3 Microprocessor
The EM358x integrates the ARM® CortexTM-M3 microprocessor, revision r1p1, developed by ARM Ltd., making
the EM358x a true System-on-Chip solution. The ARM® CortexTM-M3 is an advanced 32-bit modified Harvard
architecture processor that has separate internal program and data buses, but presents a unified program and data
EM358x
Rev 1.0 29
address space to software.
4.1.2. Embedded Memory
Embedded memory consists of flash memory and RAM.
The EM358x provides a total of either 256 or 512 kB of flash memory. The flash memory is provided in three
separate blocks:
Main Flash Block (MFB)
Fixed Information Block (FIB)
Customer Information Block (CIB)
The EM358x has either 32 or 64 kB of static RAM on-chip. Although the ARM® CortexTM-M3 allows bit band
accesses to this address region, the standard MPU configuration does not permit use of the bit-band feature. The
RAM is physically connected to the AHB System bus and is therefore accessible to both the ARM® CortexTM-M3
microprocessor and the debugger. The radio (802.15.4-2003 MAC), general purpose ADC, USB device controller,
and the two serial controllers are equipped with DMA controllers, which allow them to transfer data into and out of
RAM autonomously.
4.2. Interrupt System
The EM358x’s interrupt system is composed of two parts: a standard ARM® CortexTM-M3 Nested Vectored
Interrupt Controller (NVIC) that provides top-level interrupts, and a proprietary Event Manager (EM) that provides
second-level interrupts. The NVIC and EM provide a simple hierarchy. All second-level interrupts from the EM feed
into top-level interrupts in the NVIC. This two-level hierarchy allows for both fine granular control of interrupt
sources and coarse granular control over entire peripherals, while allowing peripherals to have their own interrupt
vector.
Refer to chapter 3 in the Ember EM358x Reference Manual for more information.
4.2.1. Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller (NVIC)
The ARM® CortexTM-M3 Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller (NVIC) facilitates low-latency exception and interrupt
handling. The NVIC and the processor core interface are closely coupled, which enables low-latency interrupt
processing and efficient processing of late-arriving interrupts. The NVIC maintains knowledge of the stacked
(nested) interrupts to enable tail-chaining of interrupts. The NVIC also contains a software-configurable interrupt
prioritization mechanism.
4.2.2. Event Manager
The proprietary Event Manager provides second-level interrupts. The Event Manager takes a large variety of
hardware interrupt sources from the peripherals and merges them into a smaller group of interrupts in the NVIC.
Effectively, all second-level interrupts from a peripheral are “OR’d” together into a single interrupt in the NVIC. In
addition, the Event Manager provides missed indicators for the top-level peripheral interrupts with the register
INT_MISS.
4.2.3. Memory Protection Unit
The EM358x includes the ARM® CortexTM-M3 Memory Protection Unit, or MPU. The MPU controls access rights
and characteristics of up to eight address regions, each of which may be divided into eight equal sub-regions.
Refer to the ARM® CortexTM-M3 Technical Reference Manual (DDI 0337A) for a detailed description of the MPU.
4.3. Radio Module
The radio module consists of an analog front end and digital baseband.
Refer to chapter 4 in the Ember EM358x Reference Manual for more information.
4.3.1. Receive (Rx) Path
The EM358x Rx path uses a low-IF, super-heterodyne receiver that rejects the image frequency using complex
mixing and polyphase filtering. The filtering within the Rx path improves the EM358x’s co-existence with other 2.4
GHz transceivers such as Zigbee/ 802.15.4-2003, IEEE 802.11-2007, and Bluetooth radios. The digital baseband
also provides gain control of the Rx path, both to enable the reception of small and large wanted signals and to
tolerate large interferers.
EM358x
30 Rev 1.0
4.3.2. Transmit (Tx) Path
The EM358x Tx path produces an O-QPSK-modulated signal using the analog front end and digital baseband. The
area- and power-efficient Tx architecture uses a two-point modulation scheme to modulate the RF signal
generated by the synthesizer. The modulated RF signal is fed to the integrated PA and then out of the EM358x.
4.3.3. Integrated MAC Module
The EM358x integrates most of the IEEE 802.15.4-2003 MAC requirements in hardware. This allows the ARM®
CortexTM-M3 CPU to provide greater bandwidth to application and network operations. In addition, the hardware
acts as a first-line filter for unwanted packets. The EM358x MAC uses a DMA interface to RAM to further reduce
the overall ARM® CortexTM-M3 CPU interaction when transmitting or receiving packets.
The primary features of the MAC are:
CRC generation, appending, and checking
Hardware timers and interrupts to achieve the MAC symbol timing
Automatic preamble and SFD pre-pending on Tx packets
Address recognition and packet filtering on Rx packets
Automatic acknowledgement transmission
Automatic transmission of packets from memory
Automatic transmission after backoff time if channel is clear (CCA)
Automatic acknowledgement checking
Time stamping received and transmitted messages
Attaching packet information to received packets (LQI, RSSI, gain, time stamp, and packet status)
EEE 802.15.4-2003 timing and slotted/unslotted timing
4.3.4. Packet Trace Interface (PTI)
The EM358x integrates a true PHY-level PTI with the MAC, allowing complete, non-intrusive capture of all packets
to and from the EM358x with Ember development tools.
4.3.5. Random Number Generator
Thermal noise in the analog circuitry is digitized to provide entropy for a true random number generator (TRNG).
Ember software uses the TRNG to seed a pseudo random number generator (PRNG). The TRNG is also used
directly for cryptographic key generation.
4.4. System Modules
System modules encompass power domains, resets, clocks, system timers, power management, and encryption.
Refer to chapter 5 in the Ember EM358x Reference Manual for more information.
4.4.1. Power domains
The EM358x contains three power domains:
An “always-on domain” containing all logic and analog cells required to manage the EM358x’s power
modes, including the GPIO controller and sleep timer. This domain must remain powered.
A “core domain” containing the CPU, Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller (NVIC), and peripherals. To save
power, this domain can be powered down using a mode called deep sleep. In the EM358x the core domain
also includes the RAM, which by default is powered down in deep sleep. An additional feature of the RAM
is that blocks of RAM cells can optionally be retained in deep sleep. This is configured using a register,
which must be written before entering deep sleep.
A “flash domain” containing the flash memory. This domain is managed by the power management
controller. During deep sleep the flash portion is completely powered down.
The preferred and recommended power configuration is to use the internal regulated power supplies to provide
power to the core and memory domains. Optionally, the on-chip regulators may be left unused, and the core and
memory domains may instead be powered from external supplies.
Refer to chapter 6 in the Ember EM358x Reference Manual for more information.
EM358x
Rev 1.0 31
4.4.2. Resets
The EM358x resets are generated from a number of sources. Each of these reset sources feeds into central reset
detection logic that causes various parts of the system to be reset depending on the state of the system and the
nature of the reset event. Reset sources include:
Power-On-Resets (POR HV and POR LV)
nRESET Pin
Watchdog Reset
Software Reset
Option Byte Error
Debug Reset
JRST
Deep Sleep Reset
The EM358x records the last reset condition that generated a restart to the system. The Reset Generation module
responds to reset sources and generates reset signals, which vary based on the reset source and cause.
4.4.3. Clocks
The EM358x integrates four oscillators:
12 MHz RC oscillator: Used as the default system clock source when power is applied to the core domain.
24 MHz crystal oscillator: Requires an external 24 MHz crystal. Used as the system clock source when all
peripherals, including the radio peripheral, require the most accurate clock.
10 kHz RC oscillator: Provided as an internal timing reference
32.768 kHz crystal oscillator: Provided as an optional timing reference for on-chip timers.
4.4.4. System Timers
The EM358x contains three system timers:
Watchdog Timer: Can be enabled to provide protection against software crashes and ARM® CortexTM-M3
CPU lockup.
Sleep Timer: 32-bit timer dedicated to system timing and waking from sleep at specific times.
Event Timer: An ARM® standard system timer in the NVIC.
4.4.5. Power Management
The EM358x’s power management system is designed to achieve the lowest deep sleep current consumption
possible while still providing flexible wakeup sources, timer activity, and debugger operation. The EM358x has four
main sleep modes:
Idle Sleep: Puts the CPU into an idle state where execution is suspended until any interrupt occurs. All
power domains remain fully powered and nothing is reset.
Deep Sleep 1: The primary deep sleep state. In this state, the core power domain is fully powered down
and the sleep timer is active.
Deep Sleep 2: The same as Deep Sleep 1 except that the sleep timer is inactive to save power. In this
mode the sleep timer cannot wake up the EM358x.
Deep Sleep 0 (also known as Emulated Deep Sleep): The chip emulates a true deep sleep without
powering down the core domain. Instead, the core domain remains powered and all peripherals except the
system debug components (ITM, DWT, FPB, NVIC) are held in reset. The purpose of this sleep state is to
allow EM358x software to perform a deep sleep cycle while maintaining debug configuration such as
breakpoints.
The deep sleep modes consume less than 2 µA power. When in deep sleep the EM358x can be returned to the
running state in a number of ways. The wake sources are split depending on deep sleep 1 or deep sleep 2.
The RAM can optionally be configured to select banks of locations to be non-volatile. In deep sleep those banks
selected are powered by a low leakage internal regulator that remains on during deep sleep, powered from the
always-on supply.
EM358x
32 Rev 1.0
4.5. Integrated Voltage Regulator
The EM358x integrates two low dropout regulators to provide 1.8 V and 1.25 V power supplies. The 1V8 regulator
supplies the analog and memories, and the 1V25 regulator supplies the digital core. In deep sleep the voltage
regulators are disabled. An external 1.8 V regulator may replace both internal regulators. The always-on domain
needs to be minimally powered at 2.1 V, and cannot be powered from the external 1.8 V regulator.
Refer to chapter 6 in the Ember EM358x Reference Manual for more information.
4.6. Peripherals
4.6.1. GPIO
The EM358x has 24 multi-purpose GPIO pins, which may be individually configured as:
General purpose output
General purpose open-drain output
Alternate output controlled by a peripheral device
Alternate open-drain output controlled by a peripheral device
Analog
General purpose input
General purpose input with pull-up or pull-down resistor
The 24 GPIO pins are grouped into three ports. Each pin has a 4-bit configuration value in its GPIO_PxCFGH/L
register. If a GPIO has two peripherals that can be the source of alternate output mode data, then other registers in
addition to GPIO_PxCFGH/L determine which peripheral controls the output. For some GPIOs the
GPIO_PxCFGH/L configuration will be overridden. These functions are forced when the EM358x is reset and
remain forced until software or an external debugger overrides the forced functions.
Refer to chapter 7 in the Ember EM358x Reference Manual for more information.
4.6.2. Serial Controllers
The EM358x has two serial controllers, SC1 and SC2, which provide several options for full-duplex synchronous
and asynchronous serial communications.
SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface), master or slave
TWI (Two Wire serial Interface), master only
UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter), SC1 only
Receive and transmit FIFOs and DMA channels, SPI and UART modes
Both SC1 and SC2 SPI controllers include an SPI master controller with the following features:
Full duplex operation
Programmable clock frequency (12 MHz max.)
Programmable clock polarity and phase
Selectable data shift direction (either LSB or MSB first)
Receive and transmit FIFOs
Receive and transmit DMA channels
Both SC1 and SC2 SPI controllers include a SPI slave controller with these features:
Full duplex operation
Up to 5 Mbps data transfer rate
Programmable clock polarity and clock phase
Selectable data shift direction (either LSB or MSB first)
Slave select input
Both SC1 and SC2 include a Two Wire serial Interface (TWI) master controller with the following features:
Uses only two bidirectional GPIO pins
Programmable clock frequency (up to 400 kHz)
Supports both 7-bit and 10-bit addressing
EM358x
Rev 1.0 33
Compatible with Philips’ I2C-bus slave devices
The SC1 UART supports the following features:
Flexible baud rate clock (300 bps to 921.6 kbps)
Data bits (7 or 8)
Parity bits (none, odd, or even)
Stop bits (1 or 2)
False start bit and noise filtering
Receive and transmit FIFOs
Optional RTS/CTS flow control
Receive and transmit DMA channels
Receive and transmit FIFOs allow faster data speeds using byte-at-a-time interrupts. For the highest SPI and
UART speeds, dedicated receive and transmit DMA channels reduce CPU loading and extend the allowable time
to service a serial controller interrupt.
Refer to chapter 8 in the Ember EM358x Reference Manual for more information.
4.6.3. USB
EM3582, EM3586 and EM3588 variants have a USB 2.0-compliant full-speed (12 Mbps) device peripheral, with
on-chip transceiver.
It supports up to six endpoints (in addition to the control endpoint 0). There are five endpoints that can be used as
either interrupt or bulk and one isochronous endpoint.
The USB peripheral is interfaced to the CPU through memory mapped registers for control, and DMA for data. The
USB device generates its own 48 MHz internal clock from the main 24 MHz crystal clock.
The EM358x, where applicable, fully supports USB suspend and resume modes, and meets the USB specification
suspend current of <2.5mA. It achieves this by switching the chip to run from a divided down version of the system
clock.
Refer to chapter 9 in the Ember EM358x Reference Manual for more information.
4.6.4. General Purpose Timers
Each of the EM358x’s two general-purpose timers consists of a 16-bit auto-reload counter driven by a
programmable prescaler. They may be used for a variety of purposes, including measuring the pulse lengths of
input signals (input capture) or generating output waveforms (output compare and PWM). Pulse lengths and
waveform periods can be modulated from a few microseconds to several milliseconds using the timer prescaler.
The timers are completely independent, and do not share any resources. They can be synchronized together.
The two general-purpose timers, TIM1 and TIM2, have the following features:
16-bit up, down, or up/down auto-reload counter.
Programmable prescaler to divide the counter clock by any power of two from 1 through 32768.
4 independent channels for:
Input capture
Output compare
PWM generation (edge- and center-aligned mode)
One-pulse mode output
Synchronization circuit to control the timer with external signals and to interconnect the timers.
Flexible clock source selection:
Peripheral clock (PCLK at 6 or 12 MHz)
32.768 kHz external clock (if available)
1 kHz clock
GPIO input
Interrupt generation on the following events:
Update: counter overflow/underflow, counter initialization (software or internal/external trigger)
Trigger event (counter start, stop, initialization or count by internal/external trigger)
EM358x
34 Rev 1.0
Input capture
Output compare
Supports incremental (quadrature) encoders and Hall sensors for positioning applications.
Trigger input for external clock or cycle-by-cycle current management.
Refer to chapter 10 in the Ember EM358x Reference Manual for more information.
4.6.5. Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC)
The EM358x ADC is a first-order sigma-delta converter with the following features:
Resolution of up to 14 bits
Sample times as fast as 5.33 µs (188 kHz)
Differential and single-ended conversions from six external and four internal sources
One voltage range (differential): -VREF to +VREF
Choice of internal or external VREF
internal VREF may be output to PB0 or external VREF may be derived from PB0
Digital offset and gain correction
Dedicated DMA channel with one-shot and continuous operating modes
Refer to chapter 11 in the Ember EM358x Reference Manual for more information.
4.7. Debugging
The EM358x utilizes standard Serial Wire and JTAG interfaces for powerful software debugging and programming
of the ARM® CortexTM-M3 core. The EM358x integrates the standard ARM® system debug components: Flash
Patch and Breakpoint (FPB), Data Watchpoint and Trace (DWT), and Instrumentation Trace Macrocell (ITM) as
well as the advanced Embedded Trace Macrocell (ETM).
4.7.1. Trace Port Interface Unit (TPIU)
The EM358x integrates the standard ARM® Trace Port Interface Unit (TPIU). The TPIU receives a data stream
from the on-chip trace data generated by the standard ARM® Instrument Trace Macrocell (ITM) and ARM®
Embedded Trace Macrocell (ETM), buffers the data in a FIFO for the ITM and FIFO for the ETM, formats the data,
and serializes the data to be sent off chip through alternate functions of the GPIO.
Refer to chapter 12 in the Ember EM358x Reference Manual for more information.
4.7.2. Instrumentation Trace Macrocell (ITM)
The EM358x integrates the standard ARM® Instrumentation Trace Macrocell (ITM). The ITM is an application-
driven trace source that supports printf style debugging to trace software events and emits diagnostic system
information from the ARM® Data Watchpoint and Trace (DWT). Software using the ITM generates Software
Instrumentation Trace (SWIT). In addition, the ITM provides coarse-grained timestamp functionality.
Refer to chapter 13 in the Ember EM358x Reference Manual for more information.
4.7.3. Embedded Trace Macrocell (ETM)
The EM358x integrates the standard ARM® Embedded Trace Macrocell (ETM) version 3.4. The ETM is a powerful
debug component that enables reconstruction of program execution. It is designed as a high-speed, low-power
debug tool that only supports instruction trace.
Refer to chapter 14 in the Ember EM358x Reference Manual for more information.
4.7.4. Data Watchpoint and Trace (DWT)
The EM358x integrates the standard ARM® Data Watchpoint and Trace (DWT). The DWT provides hardware
support for profiling and debugging functionality. The DWT offers the following features:
PC sampling
Comparators to support:
Watchpoints – enters debug state
Data tracing
Cycle count matched PC sampling
Exception trace support
EM358x
Rev 1.0 35
Instruction cycle count calculation support
Refer to chapter 15 in the Ember EM358x Reference Manual for more information.
4.7.5. Flash Patch and Breakpoint (FPB)
The EM358x integrates the standard ARM® Flash Patch and Breakpoint (FPB). The FPB implements hardware
breakpoints. The FPB also provides support for remapping of specific instruction or literal locations from flash
memory to an address in RAM memory. The FPB contains:
Two literal comparators for matching against literal loads from flash space, and remapping to a
corresponding RAM space.
Six instruction comparators for matching against instruction fetches from flash space, and remapping to a
corresponding RAM space. Alternatively, the comparators can be individually configured to return a
breakpoint instruction to the processor core on a match, implementing hardware breakpoint capability.
Refer to chapter 16 in the Ember EM358x Reference Manual for more information.
4.7.6. Serial Wire and JTAG (SWJ) Interface
The EM358x includes a standard Serial Wire and JTAG (SWJ) Interface. The SWJ is the primary debug and
programming interface of the EM358x. The SWJ gives debug tools access to the internal buses of the EM358x,
and allows for non-intrusive memory and register access as well as CPU halt-step style debugging. Therefore, any
design implementing the EM358x should make the SWJ signals readily available.
Serial Wire is an ARM® standard, bi-directional, two-wire protocol designed to replace JTAG, and provides all the
normal JTAG debug and test functionality. JTAG is a standard five-wire protocol providing debug and test
functionality. In addition, the two Serial Wire signals (SWDIO and SWCLK) are overlaid on two of the JTAG signals
(JTMS and JTCK). This keeps the design compact and allows debug tools to switch between Serial Wire and JTAG
as needed, without changing pin connections.
While Serial Wire and JTAG offer the same debug and test functionality, Silicon Labs recommends Serial Wire.
Serial Wire uses only two pins instead of five, and offers a simple communication protocol, high performance data
rates, low power, built-in error detection, and protection from glitches.
The SWJ pins are forced functions, and their corresponding GPIO_PxCFGH/L configurations are overridden when
the EM358x resets.
Refer to chapter 17 in the Ember EM358x Reference Manual for more information.
EM358x
36 Rev 1.0
5. Ordering Information
Use the following part number to order the EM358x:
To order parts, contact Silicon Labs at 1+(877) 444-3032, or find a sales office or distributor on our website,
www.silabs.com.
Orderable Part
Number
Package materials / quantity Flash (kB) RAM (kB) USB
EM3581-RTR Tape & Reel, contains 2000 units/reel 256 32 No
EM3582-RTR Tape & Reel, contains 2000 units/reel 256 32 Yes
EM3585-RTR Tape & Reel, contains 2000 units/reel 512 32 No
EM3586-RTR Tape & Reel, contains 2000 units/reel 512 32 Yes
EM3587-RTR Tape & Reel, contains 2000 units/reel 512 64 No
EM3588-RTR Tape & Reel, contains 2000 units/reel 512 64 Yes
EM358x
Rev 1.0 37
6. Pin Assignments
Figure 6.1. EM358x Pin Definitions
Refer to Chapter 7, GPIO, in the Ember EM358x Reference Manual for details about selecting GPIO pin
functions.
VDD_24MHZ
VDD_VCO
RF_N
RF_P
VDD_RF
RF_TX_ALT_P
RF_TX_ALT_N
VDD_IF
NC
VDD_PADSA
PC5,TX_ACTIVE
PB0, VREF, IRQA, TRACEDATA2, TIM1CLK, TIM2MSK
PC4,JTMS,SWDIO
PC3,JTDI,TRACECLK
PC2, JTDO, SWO, TRACEDATA0
SWCLK, JTCK
PB2, SC1MISO, SC1MOSI, SC1SCL, SC1RXD, TIM2C2
PB1, SC1MISO, SC1MOSI, SC1SDA, SC1TXD, TIM2C1
PA6, TIM1C3
VDD_PADS
PA5, ADC5, PTI_DATA, nBOOTMODE, TRACEDATA3
PA4, ADC4, PTI_EN, TRACEDATA2
PA3, SC2nSSEL, TIM2C2
VDD_PADS
PC1, ADC3, TRACEDATA3
VDD_MEM
PC0, JRST, IRQD, TRACEDATA1
PB7, ADC2, IRQC, TM1C2
PB6, ADC1, IRQB, TIM1C1
PB5, ADC0, TIM2CLK, TIM1MSK
VDD_CORE
VDD_PRE
VDD_SYNTH
OSCB
OSCA
PA2, TIM2C4, SC2SCL, SC2SCLK
VDD_PADS
PA1, USBDP, TIM2C3, SC2SDA, SC2MISO
PB4, TIM2C4, SC1nRTS, SC1nSSEL
PB3, TIM2C3, SC1nCTS, SC1SCLK
VDD_CORE
VDD_PADS
VREG_OUT
PC6, OSC32B, nTX_ACTIVE
PA0, USBDM, TIM2C1, SC2MOSI
PC7, OSC32A, OSC32_EXT
PA7, TIM1C4, REG_EN
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
12
11
nRESET
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37
49
GND
EM358x
EM358x
38 Rev 1.0
Table 6.1. EM358x Pin Descriptions
Pin # Signal Direction Description
1VDD_24MHZ Power 1.8 V high-frequency oscillator supply
2VDD_VCO Power 1.8 V VCO supply
3RF_P I/O Differential (with RF_N) receiver input/transmitter output
4RF_N I/O Differential (with RF_P) receiver input/transmitter output
5VDD_RF Power 1.8 V RF supply (LNA and PA)
6RF_TX_ALT_P ODifferential (with RF_TX_ALT_N) transmitter output (optional)
7RF_TX_ALT_N ODifferential (with RF_TX_ALT_P) transmitter output (optional)
8VDD_IF Power 1.8 V IF supply (mixers and filters)
9NC Do not connect
10 VDD_PADSA Power Analog pad supply (1.8 V)
11 PC5 I/O Digital I/O
TX_ACTIVE OLogic-level control for external RX/TX switch. The EM358x baseband con-
trols TX_ACTIVE and drives it high (VDD_PADS) when in TX mode.
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PCCFGH[7:4]
12 nRESET IActive low chip reset (internal pull-up)
13 PC6 I/O Digital I/O
OSC32B I/O 32.768 kHz crystal oscillator
Select analog function with GPIO_PCCFGH[11:8]
nTX_ACTIVE OInverted TX_ACTIVE signal (see PC5)
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PCCFGH[11:8]
14 PC7 I/O Digital I/O
OSC32A I/O 32.768 kHz crystal oscillator
Select analog function with GPIO_PCCFGH[15:12]
OSC32_EXT IDigital 32.768 kHz clock input source
15 VREG_OUT Power Regulator output (1.8 V while awake, 0 V during deep sleep)
16 VDD_PADS Power Pads supply (2.1–3.6 V)
17 VDD_CORE Power 1.25 V digital core supply decoupling
Note:
1. IRQC and IRQD external interrupts can be mapped to any digital I/O pin using the GPIO_IRQCSEL and
GPIO_IRQDSEL registers.
EM358x
Rev 1.0 39
18 PA7 I/O
High
current
Digital I/O
Disable REG_EN with GPIO_DBGCFG[4]
TIM1C4 OTimer 1 Channel 4 output
Enable timer output with TIM1_CCER
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PACFGH[15:12]
Disable REG_EN with GPIO_DBGCFG[4]
TIM1C4 ITimer 1 Channel 4 input
Cannot be remapped
REG_EN OExternal regulator open drain output
Enabled after reset
19 PB3 I/O Digital I/O
TIM2C3
(see also Pin 22)
OTimer 2 channel 3 output
Enable remap with TIM2_OR[6]
Enable timer output in TIM2_CCER
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PBCFGL[15:12]
TIM2C3
(see also Pin 22)
ITimer 2 channel 3 input
Enable remap with TIM2_OR[6]
SC1nCTS IUART CTS handshake of Serial Controller 1
Enable with SC1_UARTCFG[5]
Select UART with SC1_MODE
SC1SCLK OSPI master clock of Serial Controller 1
Either disable timer output in TIM2_CCER,
or disable remap with TIM2_OR[6]
Enable master with SC1_SPICFG[4]
Select SPI with SC1_MODE
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PBCFGL[15:12]
SC1SCLK ISPI slave clock of Serial Controller 1
Enable slave with SC1_SPICFG[4]
Select SPI with SC1_MODE
Table 6.1. EM358x Pin Descriptions (Continued)
Pin # Signal Direction Description
Note:
1. IRQC and IRQD external interrupts can be mapped to any digital I/O pin using the GPIO_IRQCSEL and
GPIO_IRQDSEL registers.
EM358x
40 Rev 1.0
20 PB4 I/O Digital I/O
TIM2C4
(see also Pin 24)
OTimer 2 channel 4 output
Enable remap with TIM2_OR[7]
Enable timer output in TIM2_CCER
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PBCFGH[3:0]
TIM2C4
(see also Pin 24)
ITimer 2 channel 4 input
Enable remap with TIM2_OR[7]
SC1nRTS OUART RTS handshake of Serial Controller 1
Either disable timer output in TIM2_CCER,
or disable remap with TIM2_OR[7]
Enable with SC1_UARTCFG[5]
Select UART with SC1_MODE
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PBCFGH[3:0]
SC1nSSEL ISPI slave select of Serial Controller 1
Enable slave with SC1_SPICFG[4]
Select SPI with SC1_MODE
21 PA0 I/O Digital I/O
USBDM (where
applicable)
I/O USB D- signal
Select analog function with GPIO_PACFGL[3:0]
TIM2C1
(see also Pin 30)
OTimer 2 channel 1 output
Disable remap with TIM2_OR[4]
Enable timer output in TIM2_CCER
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PACFGL[3:0]
TIM2C1
(see also Pin 30)
ITimer 2 channel 1 input
Disable remap with TIM2_OR[4]
SC2MOSI OSPI master data out of Serial Controller 2
Either disable timer output in TIM2_CCER,
or enable remap with TIM2_OR[4]
Enable master with SC2_SPICFG[4]
Select SPI with SC2_MODE
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PACFGL[3:0]
SC2MOSI ISPI slave data in of Serial Controller 2
Enable slave with SC2_SPICFG[4]
Select SPI with SC2_MODE
Table 6.1. EM358x Pin Descriptions (Continued)
Pin # Signal Direction Description
Note:
1. IRQC and IRQD external interrupts can be mapped to any digital I/O pin using the GPIO_IRQCSEL and
GPIO_IRQDSEL registers.
EM358x
Rev 1.0 41
22 PA1 I/O Digital I/O
USBDP (where
applicable)
I/O USB D+ signal
Select analog function with GPIO_PACFGL[7:4]
TIM2C3
(see also Pin 19)
OTimer 2 channel 3 output
Disable remap with TIM2_OR[6]
Enable timer output in TIM2_CCER
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PACFGL[7:4]
TIM2C3
(see also Pin 19)
ITimer 2 channel 3 input
Disable remap with TIM2_OR[6]
SC2SDA I/O TWI data of Serial Controller 2
Either disable timer output in TIM2_CCER,
or enable remap with TIM2_OR[6]
Select TWI with SC2_MODE
Select alternate open-drain output function with GPIO_PACFGL[7:4]
SC2MISO OSPI slave data out of Serial Controller 2
Either disable timer output in TIM2_CCER,
or enable remap with TIM2_OR[6]
Enable slave with SC2_SPICFG[4]
Select SPI with SC2_MODE
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PACFGL[7:4]
SC2MISO ISPI master data in of Serial Controller 2
Enable slave with SC2_SPICFG[4]
Select SPI with SC2_MODE
23 VDD_PADS Power Pads supply (2.1–3.6 V)
Table 6.1. EM358x Pin Descriptions (Continued)
Pin # Signal Direction Description
Note:
1. IRQC and IRQD external interrupts can be mapped to any digital I/O pin using the GPIO_IRQCSEL and
GPIO_IRQDSEL registers.
EM358x
42 Rev 1.0
24 PA2 I/O Digital I/O
TIM2C4
(see also Pin 20)
OTimer 2 channel 4 output
Disable remap with TIM2_OR[7]
Enable timer output in TIM2_CCER
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PACFGL[11:8]
TIM2C4
(see also Pin 20)
ITimer 2 channel 4 input
Disable remap with TIM2_OR[7]
SC2SCL I/O TWI clock of Serial Controller 2
Either disable timer output in TIM2_CCER,
or enable remap with TIM2_OR[7]
Select TWI with SC2_MODE
Select alternate open-drain output function with GPIO_PACFGL[11:8]
SC2SCLK OSPI master clock of Serial Controller 2
Either disable timer output in TIM2_CCER,
or enable remap with TIM2_OR[7]
Enable master with SC2_SPICFG[4]
Select SPI with SC2_MODE
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PACFGL[11:8]
SC2SCLK ISPI slave clock of Serial Controller 2
Enable slave with SC2_SPICFG[4]
Select SPI with SC2_MODE
25 PA3 I/O Digital I/O
SC2nSSEL ISPI slave select of Serial Controller 2
Enable slave with SC2_SPICFG[4]
Select SPI with SC2_MODE
TIM2C2
(see also Pin 31)
OTimer 2 channel 2 output
Disable remap with TIM2_OR[5]
Enable timer output in TIM2_CCER
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PACFGL[15:12]
TIM2C2
(see also Pin 31)
ITimer 2 channel 2 input
Disable remap with TIM2_OR[5]
Table 6.1. EM358x Pin Descriptions (Continued)
Pin # Signal Direction Description
Note:
1. IRQC and IRQD external interrupts can be mapped to any digital I/O pin using the GPIO_IRQCSEL and
GPIO_IRQDSEL registers.
EM358x
Rev 1.0 43
26 PA4 I/O Digital I/O
ADC4 Analog ADC Input 4
Select analog function with GPIO_PACFGH[3:0]
PTI_EN OFrame signal of Packet Trace Interface (PTI)
Disable trace interface in ARM core
Enable PTI in Ember software
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PACFGH[3:0]
TRACEDATA2
(see also Pin 36)
OSynchronous CPU trace data bit 2
Select 4-wire synchronous trace interface in ARM core
Enable trace interface in ARM core
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PACFGH[3:0]
27 PA5 I/O Digital I/O
ADC5 Analog ADC Input 5
Select analog function with GPIO_PACFGH[7:4]
PTI_DATA OData signal of Packet Trace Interface (PTI)
Disable trace interface in ARM core
Enable PTI in Ember software
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PACFGH[7:4]
nBOOTMODE IActivate FIB monitor instead of main program or bootloader when coming
out of reset.
Signal is active during and immediately after a reset on nRESET. Refer to
section 7.5, Boot Configuration, in Chapter 7, GPIO, of the Ember EM358x
Reference Manual for details.
TRACEDATA3
(see also Pin 38)
OSynchronous CPU trace data bit 3
Select 4-wire synchronous trace interface in ARM core
Enable trace interface in ARM core
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PACFGH[7:4]
28 VDD_PADS Power Pads supply (2.1–3.6 V)
29 PA6 I/O
High cur-
rent
Digital I/O
TIM1C3 OTimer 1 channel 3 output
Enable timer output in TIM1_CCER
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PACFGH[11:8]
TIM1C3 ITimer 1 channel 3 input
Cannot be remapped
Table 6.1. EM358x Pin Descriptions (Continued)
Pin # Signal Direction Description
Note:
1. IRQC and IRQD external interrupts can be mapped to any digital I/O pin using the GPIO_IRQCSEL and
GPIO_IRQDSEL registers.
EM358x
44 Rev 1.0
30 PB1 I/O Digital I/O
SC1MISO OSPI slave data out of Serial Controller 1
Either disable timer output in TIM2_CCER,
or disable remap with TIM2_OR[4]
Select SPI with SC1_MODE
Select slave with SC1_SPICFG
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PBCFGL[7:4]
SC1MOSI OSPI master data out of Serial Controller 1
Either disable timer output in TIM2_CCER,
or disable remap with TIM2_OR[4]
Select SPI with SC1_MODE
Select master with SC1_SPICFG
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PBCFGL[7:4]
SC1SDA I/O TWI data of Serial Controller 1
Either disable timer output in TIM2_CCER,
or disable remap with TIM2_OR[4]
Select TWI with SC1_MODE
Select alternate open-drain output function with GPIO_PBCFGL[7:4]
SC1TXD OUART transmit data of Serial Controller 1
Either disable timer output in TIM2_CCER,
or disable remap with TIM2_OR[4]
Select UART with SC1_MODE
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PBCFGL[7:4]
TIM2C1
(see also Pin 21)
OTimer 2 channel 1 output
Enable remap with TIM2_OR[4]
Enable timer output in TIM2_CCER
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PACFGL[7:4]
TIM2C1
(see also Pin 21)
ITimer 2 channel 1 input
Disable remap with TIM2_OR[4]
Table 6.1. EM358x Pin Descriptions (Continued)
Pin # Signal Direction Description
Note:
1. IRQC and IRQD external interrupts can be mapped to any digital I/O pin using the GPIO_IRQCSEL and
GPIO_IRQDSEL registers.
EM358x
Rev 1.0 45
31 PB2 I/O Digital I/O
SC1MISO ISPI master data in of Serial Controller 1
Select SPI with SC1_MODE
Select master with SC1_SPICFG
SC1MOSI ISPI slave data in of Serial Controller 1
Select SPI with SC1_MODE
Select slave with SC1_SPICFG
SC1SCL I/O TWI clock of Serial Controller 1
Either disable timer output in TIM2_CCER,
or disable remap with TIM2_OR[5]
Select TWI with SC1_MODE
Select alternate open-drain output function with GPIO_PBCFGL[11:8]
SC1RXD IUART receive data of Serial Controller 1
Select UART with SC1_MODE
TIM2C2
(see also Pin 25)
OTimer 2 channel 2 output
Enable remap with TIM2_OR[5]
Enable timer output in TIM2_CCER
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PBCFGL[11:8]
TIM2C2
(see also Pin 25)
ITimer 2 channel 2 input
Enable remap with TIM2_OR[5]
32 SWCLK I/O Serial Wire clock input/output with debugger
Selected when in Serial Wire mode (see JTMS description, Pin 35)
JTCK IJTAG clock input from debugger
Selected when in JTAG mode (default mode, see JTMS description,
Pin 35)
Internal pull-down is enabled
Table 6.1. EM358x Pin Descriptions (Continued)
Pin # Signal Direction Description
Note:
1. IRQC and IRQD external interrupts can be mapped to any digital I/O pin using the GPIO_IRQCSEL and
GPIO_IRQDSEL registers.
EM358x
46 Rev 1.0
33 PC2 I/O Digital I/O
Enable with GPIO_DBGCFG[5] and GPIO_PCCFGH[1] clear
JTDO OJTAG data out to debugger
Selected when in JTAG mode (default mode, see JTMS description,
Pin 35)
SWO OSerial Wire Output asynchronous trace output to debugger
Select asynchronous trace interface in ARM core
Enable trace interface in ARM core
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PCCFGL[11:8]
Enable Serial Wire mode (see JTMS description, Pin 35)
Internal pull-up is enabled
TRACEDATA0 OSynchronous CPU trace data bit 3
Select 4-wire synchronous trace interface in ARM core
Enable trace interface in ARM core
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PACFGL[11:8]
34 PC3 I/O Digital I/O
Either Enable with GPIO_DBGCFG[5],
or enable Serial Wire mode (see JTMS description)
JTDI IJTAG data in from debugger
Selected when in JTAG mode (default mode, see JTMS description,
Pin 35)
Internal pull-up is enabled
TRACECLK OSynchronous CPU trace clock
Enable trace interface in ARM core
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PCCFGL[15:12]
35 PC4 I/O Digital I/O
Enable with GPIO_DBGCFG[5]
JTMS IJTAG mode select from debugger
Selected when in JTAG mode (default mode)
JTAG mode is enabled after power-up or by forcing nRESET low
Select Serial Wire mode using the ARM-defined protocol through a debug-
ger
Internal pull-up is enabled
SWDIO I/O Serial Wire bidirectional data to/from debugger
Enable Serial Wire mode (see JTMS description)
Select Serial Wire mode using the ARM-defined protocol through a debug-
ger
Internal pull-up is enabled
Table 6.1. EM358x Pin Descriptions (Continued)
Pin # Signal Direction Description
Note:
1. IRQC and IRQD external interrupts can be mapped to any digital I/O pin using the GPIO_IRQCSEL and
GPIO_IRQDSEL registers.
EM358x
Rev 1.0 47
36 PB0 I/O Digital I/O
VREF Analog O ADC reference output
Enable analog function with GPIO_PBCFGL[3:0]
VREF Analog I ADC reference input
Enable analog function with GPIO_PBCFGL[3:0]
Enable reference output with an Ember system function
IRQA IExternal interrupt source A
TRACEDATA2
(see also Pin 26)
OSynchronous CPU trace data bit 2
Select 4-wire synchronous trace interface in ARM core
Enable trace interface in ARM core
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PBCFGL[3:0]
TIM1CLK ITimer 1 external clock input
TIM2MSK ITimer 2 external clock mask input
37 VDD_PADS Power Pads supply (2.1–3.6 V)
38 PC1 I/O Digital I/O
ADC3 Analog ADC Input 3
Enable analog function with GPIO_PCCFGL[7:4]
TRACEDATA3
(see also Pin 27)
OSynchronous CPU trace data bit 3
Select 1-, 2- or 4-wire synchronous trace interface in ARM core
Enable trace interface in ARM core
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PCCFGL[7:4]
39 VDD_MEM Power 1.8 V supply (flash, RAM)
40 PC0 I/O
High
current
Digital I/O
Either enable with GPIO_DBGCFG[5],
or enable Serial Wire mode (see JTMS description, Pin 35) and disable
TRACEDATA1
JRST IJTAG reset input from debugger
Selected when in JTAG mode (default mode, see JTMS description) and
TRACEDATA1 is disabled
Internal pull-up is enabled
IRQD1IDefault external interrupt source D.
TRACEDATA1 OSynchronous CPU trace data bit 1
Select 2- or 4-wire synchronous trace interface in ARM core
Enable trace interface in ARM core
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PCCFGL[3:0]
Table 6.1. EM358x Pin Descriptions (Continued)
Pin # Signal Direction Description
Note:
1. IRQC and IRQD external interrupts can be mapped to any digital I/O pin using the GPIO_IRQCSEL and
GPIO_IRQDSEL registers.
EM358x
48 Rev 1.0
41 PB7 I/O
High
current
Digital I/O
ADC2 Analog ADC Input 2
Enable analog function with GPIO_PBCFGH[15:12]
IRQC1IDefault external interrupt source C.
TIM1C2 OTimer 1 channel 2 output
Enable timer output in TIM1_CCER
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PBCFGH[15:12]
TIM1C2 ITimer 1 channel 2 input
Cannot be remapped
42 PB6 I/O
High
current
Digital I/O
ADC1 Analog ADC Input 1
Enable analog function with GPIO_PBCFGH[11:8]
IRQB IExternal interrupt source B
TIM1C1 OTimer 1 channel 1 output
Enable timer output in TIM1_CCER
Select alternate output function with GPIO_PBCFGH[11:8]
TIM1C1 ITimer 1 channel 1 input
Cannot be remapped
43 PB5 I/O Digital I/O
ADC0 Analog ADC Input 0
Enable analog function with GPIO_PBCFGH[7:4]
TIM2CLK ITimer 2 external clock input
TIM1MSK ITimer 1 external clock mask input
44 VDD_CORE Power 1.25 V digital core supply decoupling
45 VDD_PRE Power 1.8 V prescaler supply
46 VDD_SYNTH Power 1.8 V synthesizer supply
47 OSCB I/O 24 MHz crystal oscillator or left open when using external clock input on
OSCA
Table 6.1. EM358x Pin Descriptions (Continued)
Pin # Signal Direction Description
Note:
1. IRQC and IRQD external interrupts can be mapped to any digital I/O pin using the GPIO_IRQCSEL and
GPIO_IRQDSEL registers.
EM358x
Rev 1.0 49
48 OSCA I/O 24 MHz crystal oscillator or external clock input.
(An external clock input should only be used for test and debug purposes.
If used in this manner, the external clock input should be a 1.8 V, 50% duty
cycle, square wave.)
49 GND Ground Ground supply pad in the bottom center of the package forms Pin 49. See
the various Ember EM358x Reference Design documentation for PCB con-
siderations.
Table 6.1. EM358x Pin Descriptions (Continued)
Pin # Signal Direction Description
Note:
1. IRQC and IRQD external interrupts can be mapped to any digital I/O pin using the GPIO_IRQCSEL and
GPIO_IRQDSEL registers.
EM358x
50 Rev 1.0
6.1. Mechanical Details
The EM358x package is a plastic 48-pin QFN that is 7 mm x 7 mm x 0.90 mm. Figure 6.2 illustrates the package
drawing.
Figure 6.2. Package Drawing
EM358x
Rev 1.0 51
Table 6.2. Package Dimensions
Dimension Min Nom Max
A0.80 0.85 0.90
A1 00.035 0.05
A2 —0.65 0.67
A3 0.203 REF
b0.2 0.25 0.3
D7 BSC
E7 BSC
e0.5 BSC
J5.2 5.3 5.4
K5.2 5.3 5.4
L0.35 0.40 0.45
aaa 0.10
bbb 0.1
ccc 0.08
ddd 0.1
eee 0.1
Notes:
1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless
otherwise noted.
2. Dimensioning and Tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1994.
3. This drawing conforms to the JEDEC Solid State Outline
MO-220, Variation VKKD-4.
4. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-
STD-020 specification for Small Body Components.
EM358x
52 Rev 1.0
6.1.1. QFN48 Footprint Recommendations
Figure 6.3 demonstrates the IPC-7351 recommended PCB Footprint for the EM358x (QFN50P700X700X90-49N).
A ground pad in the bottom center of the package forms a 49th pin.
A 3 x 3 array of non-thermal vias should connect the EM358x decal center shown in Figure 6.3 to the PCB ground
plane through the ground pad. In order to properly solder the EM358x to the footprint, the Paste Mask layer should
have a 3 x 3 array of circular openings at 1.015 mm diameter spaced approximately 1.625 mm (center to center)
apart, as shown in Figure 6.4. This will cause an evenly distributed solder flow and coplanar attachment to the
PCB. The solder mask layer (illustrated in Figure 6.5) should be the same as the copper layer for the EM358x
footprint.
For more information on the package footprint, please refer to the appropriate EM358x Reference Design.
Figure 6.3. PCB Footprint for the EM358x
Figure 6.4. Paste Mask
X2
Y2
C1
E
X1
Y1
C2
MIN MAXTYP
X1
X2
Y1
Y2
C1
C2
E
6.85
6.85
0.30
5.35
0.90
5.35
0.50
* Dimensions in mm
* Dimensions are for
Figures 19-2, 19-3
and 19-4
a1
b1
Via Drill DIA = 0.254mm
a0
b0
b0
b1
a0
a1
1.80
1.625
1.80
1.625
a2
a2 0.75
b2 0.75
b2
a1
C1
EX1
Y1
C2
b1
b0
a0
DIA = 1.01mm
EM358x
Rev 1.0 53
Figure 6.5. Solder Mask Dimensions
EM358x
54 Rev 1.0
6.1.2. Solder Temperature Profile
Figure 6-6 illustrates the solder temperature profile for the EM358x. This temperature profile is similar for other
RoHS compliant packages, but manufacturing lines should be programmed with this profile in order to guarantee
proper solder connection to the PCB.
Table 6.3. PCB Land Pattern
Dimension Min Max
C1 6.80 6.90
C2 6.80 6.90
E0.50 BSC
X1 0.20 0.30
X2 5.20 5.40
Y1 0.75 0.85
Y2 5.20 5.40
Notes:
General
1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted.
2. This Land Pattern Design is based on the IPC-7351 guidelines.
Solder Mask Design
1. All metal pads are to be non-solder mask defined (NSMD). Clearance between the solder mask and the metal pad is
to be 60mm minimum, all the way around the pad.
Stencil Design
1. A stainless steel, laser-cut and electro-polished stencil with trapezoidal walls should be used to assure good solder
paste release.
2. The stencil thickness should be 0.125 mm (5 mils).
3. The ratio of stencil aperture to land pad size should be 1:1 for all perimeter pads.
4. A 4x4 array of 1.1 mm square openings on 1.3 mm pitch should be used for the center ground pad.
Card Assembly
1. A No-Clean, Type-3 solder paste is recommended.
2. The recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020C specification for Small Body Components.
EM358x
Rev 1.0 55
Figure 6.6. EM358x Reflow Profile
Tsoak
Tsoak
max
Tsoak
min
Tpeak
tpeak
tsoak
t 25C totpeak
Temperature
time
Ramp-up
25C
Ramp-down
TL
EM358x
56 Rev 1.0
Tab l e 6.4 contains the temperature profile parameters.
6.2. Part Marking
Figure 6.7 shows the part marking for the EM358x Series. The circle in the top corner indicates Pin 1. Pins are
numbered counter-clockwise from Pin 1 with 12 pins per package edge.
Figure 6.7. Part Marking for EM358x
Table 6.4. Solder Reflow Parameters
Parameter Value
Average Ramp Up Rate (from Tsoakmax to Tpeak) 3°C per second max
Minimum Soak Temperature (Tsoakmin) 150°C
Maximum Soak Temperature (Tsoakmax) 200°C
TL 217°C
Time above TL 60 – 150 seconds
Tpeak 260 + 0°C
Time within 5°C of Tpeak 20 – 40 seconds
Ramp Down Rate 6°C per second max
Time from 25°C to Tpeak 8 minutes, max
Table 6.5. 48-Pin QFN Top Marking Explanation
Mark Method: Laser
Pin 1 Marking: Circle = 0.40 mm Diameter
(Top-Left Justified)
Line 1 Marking: Device Part Number
Right Justified
EM358x
EM358x is the Orderable Part Number variant
(EM3581/2/5/6/7/8)
EM358x
Rev 1.0 57
Line 2 Marking: TTTTTT = Mfg Code
YY=Year
WW-Work Week
Manufacturing Code from the Assembly Purchase
form. Assigned by the Assembly House. Corre-
sponds to the year and work week.
Right Justified
Line 3 Marking: Circle = 1.3 mm Diameter
Center Justified
Country of Origin
ISO abbreviation
Right Justified
“e3” indicates Lead-Free terminal finish
TW
Table 6.5. 48-Pin QFN Top Marking Explanation
EM358x
58 Rev 1.0
DOCUMENT CHANGE LIST
Revision 0.1 to Revision 0.2
Some information moved to new Ember EM358x Reference Manual
Typical application circuit updated (chapter 2)
Revision 0.2 to Revision 0.3
Complete review of data sheet to reflect change of part numbering to EM358x and introducing variants.
Revision 0.3 to Revision 0.4
Addition of EM3587 variant
Correction of some references to EM358
Addition of Part Marking section.
Revision 0.4 to Revision 1.0
Update to 1.0 with characterization data for Full Production
EM358x
Rev 1.0 59
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