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12 FN6377.2
February 11, 2008
Applications Information
Introduction
The ISL28158 is a single CMOS rail-to -ra il input, output
(RRIO) operational amplifier with an enable feature. The
ISL28258 is a dual version withou t the enable feature. Both
devices are designed to operate from single supply (2.4V to
5.5V) or dual supplies (±1.2V to ±2.75V).
Rail-to-Rail Input/Output
These devices feature PMOS inputs with an input common
mode range that extends up to 0.3V beyond the V+ rail, and
to 0.1V below the V- rail. The CMOS output features
excellent drive capability, typically swinging to within 6mV of
either rai l wi t h a 10 0kΩ load.
Results of Over-Driving the Outpu t
Caution should be used when over-dri ving the output for
long periods of time. Over-driving the output can occur in two
ways. 1) The input voltage times the gain of the amplifier
exceeds the supply voltage by a large value or, 2) the output
current required is higher than the output stage can deliv er.
These conditions can result in a shift in the Input Offset
Voltage (VOS) as much as 1µV/hr. of exposure unde r these
conditions.
IN+ and IN- Input Protection
All input terminals have internal ESD protection diod es to both
positive and negati ve supply rails, limitin g the input vol t age to
within one diode beyond the supply rail s. They also contain
back-to-back diodes across the input te rmina ls (see “Pin
Descriptions” on page 11 - Circuit 1). For applications where
the input diff erential volt age is exp ected to exceed 0.5V, an
external series resistor must be used to ensure the input
currents never excee d 5mA (Figure 44).
Enable/Disable Feature
The ISL28158 offers an EN pin that disables the device
when pulled up to at least 2.0V. In the disabled state (output
in a high impedance state), the part consumes typically 10µA
at room temperature. By disabling the part, multiple
ISL28158 parts can be connected together as a MUX. In this
configuration, the outputs are tied togethe r in parallel and a
channel can be selected by the EN pin. The loading effects
of the feedback resistors of the disabled amplifier must be
considered when multiple amplifier outputs are connected
together. Note th at feed through from the IN+ to IN- pins
occurs on any Mux Amp disabled channel where the input
differential voltage exceeds 0.5V (e.g., active channel
VOUT = 1V, while disabled channel VIN = GND), so the mux
implementation is best suited for small signal applications. If
large signals are required, use series IN+ resistors, or large
value RF, to keep the feed through current low enough to
minimize the impact on the active channel. See “Limitations
of the Differential Input Protection” on page 12 for more
details. The EN pin also has an internal pull-down. If left
open, the EN pin will pull to the negative rail and the device
will be enabled by default. When not used, the EN pin should
either be left floating or connected directly to the -V pin.
Limitations of the Dif ferential Input Protection
If the input differential voltage is expected to exceed 0.5V, an
external current limiting resistor must be used to ensure the
input current never exceeds 5mA. For non-inverting unity
gain applications, the current limiting can be via a series IN+
resistor, or via a feedback resistor of appropriate value. For
other gain configurations, the series IN+ resistor is the best
choice, unless the feedback (RF) and gain setting (RG)
resistors are both sufficiently large to limit the input current to
5mA.
Large differential input voltages can arise from several
sources:
1) During open loop (comparator) operation. Used this way,
the IN+ and IN- voltages don’t track, so differentials arise.
2) When the amplifier is disabled but an inpu t signal is still
present. An RL or RG to GND keeps the IN- at GND, while
the varying IN+ signal creates a differential voltage. Mux
Amp applications are similar, except that the active channel
VOUT determines the voltage on the IN- terminal.
3) When the slew rate of the input pulse is considerably
faster than the op amp’ s slew rate. If th e VOUT can’t keep up
with the IN+ signal, a differential voltage results, and visible
distortion occurs on the input and output signals. To avoid
this issue, keep the input slew rate below 0.1V/µs, or use
appropriate current limi ting resistors.
Large (>2V) differential input voltages can also cause an
increase in disabled ICC.
FIGURE 44. INPUT CURRENT LIMIT I NG
-
+
RIN RL
VIN VOUT
ISL28158, ISL28258