ATH30T033-9SJ - Astec Semiconductor

North America (USA): 1-888-41-ASTEC Europe (UK): 44(1384)842-211 Asia (HK): 852-2437-9662

Standard Application

Features

•Up to 30-A Output Current

•3.3-V Input Voltage

•Wide-Output Voltage Adjust

(0.8 V to 2.5 V)

•135 W/in³ Power Density

•Efficiencies up to 93 %

•On/Off Inhibit

•Pre-Bias Startup

•Margin Up/Down Controls

•Under-Voltage Lockout

ATH30T033 Series —3.3-V Input

30-A, 3.3-V Input Non-Isolated

Wide-Output Adjust Power Module

Rset = Required to set the desired output voltage

higher than 0.8 V (see spec. table for values).

Cin = Required 1,500 µF capacitor.

Cout = Optional 330 µF capacitor.

•Auto-Track™ Sequencing

•Output Over-Current Protection

(Non-Latching, Auto-Reset)

•Operating Temp: –40 to +85 °C

•Over-Temperature Shutdown

•Safety Agency Approvals:

UL 1950, CSA 22.2 950, EN60950

VDE (Pending)

•Point-of-Load Alliance (POLA)

Compatible

REVISION 00 (30APR2004)

Description

The ATH30T033 is a series of high-

current non-isolated power modules.

The product is characterized by high effi-

ciencies, and up to 30 A of output current,

while occupying a mere 1.64 in² of PCB

area. In terms of cost, size, and perfor-

mance, the series provides OEM’s with a

flexible module that meets the require-

ments of the most complex and demanding

mixed-signal applications. These include

the most densly populated, multi-proces-

sor systems that incorporate high-speed

DSP’s, microprocessors, and ASICs.

The series uses double-sided surface

mount construction and provides high-

performance step-down power conversion

from a 3.3-V input bus voltage. The out-

put voltage of the ATH30T033 can be

set to any value over the range 0.8 V to

2.5 V, using a single resistor.

This series includes Auto-Track™.

Auto-Track simplifies power-up and

power-down supply voltage sequencing

in a system by enabling modules to track

each other, or any other external voltage.

Each model also includes an on/off

inhibit, output voltage adjust (trim), and

margin up/down controls. An output

voltage sense ensures tight load regulation,

and an output over-current and thermal

shutdown feature provide for protection

against external load faults.

Package options inlude both through-

hole and surface mount configurations.

Auto-Track™

Sequencing

Pin Configuration

Pin Function

1 GND

3 GND

4 Inhibit *

o Adjust

o Sense

7 GND

out

10 GND

11 Track

12 Margin Down *

13 Margin Up *

* Denotes negative logic:

Open = Normal operation

Ground = Function active

NOMINAL SIZE = 1.37 in x 1.12 in

(34,8 mm x 28,5 mm)

PTH03030W

(Top View)

Margin Up

Margin Down

1,500 µF

(Required)

OUT

330 µF

(Optional)

Inhibit

GND GND

OUT

Sense

Track

13 12 11

654

SET

0.5 %, 0.1 W

(Required)

ATH30T033-9S

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Pin Descriptions

Vin: The positive input voltage power node to the module,

which is referenced to common GND.

Vout: The regulated positive power output with respect

to the GND node.

GND: This is the common ground connection for the

Vin and Vout power connections. It is also the 0 VDC

reference for the control inputs.

Inhibit: The Inhibit pin is an open-collector/drain negative

logic input that is referenced to GND. Applying a low-

level ground signal to this input disables the module’s

output and turns off the output voltage. When the Inhibit

control is active, the input current drawn by the regula-

tor is significantly reduced. If the Inhibit pin is left

open-circuit, the module will produce an output when-

ever a valid input source is applied.

Vo Adjust: A 0.1 W 1 % resistor must be directly connected

between this pin and pin 7 (GND) to set the output voltage

to a value higher than 0.8 V. The temperature stability of

the resistor should be 100 ppm/°C (or better). The set

point range for the output voltage is from 0.8 V to 2.5 V.

The resistor value required for a given output voltage

may be calculated from the following formula. If left

open circuit, the output voltage will default to its lowest

value. For further information on output voltage adjust-

ment consult the related application note.

Rset = 10 k · 0.8 V – 2.49 k

Vout – 0.8 V

The specification table gives the preferred resistor values

for a number of standard output voltages.

Vo Sense: The sense input allows the regulation circuit to

compensate for voltage drop between the module and

the load. For optimal voltage accuracy Vo Sense should

be connected to Vout. It can also be left disconnected.

Track: This is an analog control input that enables the

output voltage to follow an external voltage. This pin

becomes active typically 20 ms after the input voltage

has been applied, and allows direct control of the output

voltage from 0 V up to the nominal set-point voltage.

Within this range the output will follow the voltage at

the Track pin on a volt-for-volt basis. When the control

voltage is raised above this range, the module regulates

at its set-point voltage. The feature allows the output

voltage to rise simultaneously with other modules pow-

ered from the same input bus. If unused, this input should

be connected to Vin. Note: Due to the under-voltage lockout

feature, the output of the module cannot follow its own input

voltage during power up. For more information, consult the

related application note.

Margin Down: When this input is asserted to GND, the

output voltage is decreased by 5% from the nominal. The

input requires an open-collector (open-drain) interface.

It is not TTL compatible. A lower percent change can

be accomodated with a series resistor. For further infor-

mation, consult the related application note.

Margin Up: When this input is asserted to GND, the

output voltage is increased by 5%. The input requires an

open-collector (open-drain) interface. It is not TTL

compatible. The percent change can be reduced with a

series resistor. For further information, consult the

related application note.

ATH30T033 Series —3.3-V Input

30-A, 3.3-V Input Non-Isolated

Wide-Output Adjust Power Module REVISION 00 (30APR2004)

Ordering Information

Input Voltage Output Voltage Output Current Model Number

2.95V to 3.65V 0.8V1 to 2.5V 30A ATH30T033-9(S)(J)

Options:

“-J” - Through-hole Termination, Tray Packaging

“-SJ” - SMT Termination, Tray Packaging

Notes:

1Preset output voltage is 0.8V; externally adjustable to 2.5V through the Vo,Adjust pin

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Environmental & Absolute Maximum Ratings (Voltages are with respect to GND)

Characteristics Symbols Conditions Min Typ Max Units

Track Input Voltage Vtrack –0.3 — Vin + 0.3 V

Operating Temperature Range TaOver Vin Range –40 — 85 °C

Solder Reflow Temperature Treflow Surface temperature of module body or pins 235 (i) °C

Storage Temperature Ts— –40 — 125 °C

Mechanical Shock Per Mil-STD-883D, Method 2002.3 — 500 — G’s

1 msec, ½ Sine, mounted

Mechanical Vibration Mil-STD-883D, Method 2007.2 Suffix S — 10 — G’s

20-2000 Hz Suffix H — 20 —

Weight — — 10 — grams

Flammability — Meets UL 94V-O

Notes: (i) During reflow of SMD package version do not elevate peak temperature of the module, pins or internal components above the stated maximum.

ATH30T033 Series —3.3-V Input

30-A, 3.3-V Input Non-Isolated

Wide-Output Adjust Power Module REVISION 00 (30APR2004)

Specifications (Unless otherwise stated, Ta =25 °C, Vin =3.3 V, Vout =2 V, Cin =1,500 µF, Cout =0 µF, and Io =Iomax)

ATH30T033

Characteristics Symbols Conditions Min

Typ Max Units

Output Current Io60 °C, 200 LFM airflow 0 — 30 (1) A

25 °C, natural convection 0 — 30 (1)

Input Voltage Range Vin Over Io range 2.95 (2) — 3.65 V

Set-Point Voltage Tolerance Vo tol — — ±2 (3) %Vo

Temperature Variation ∆Regtemp –40 °C <Ta < +85 °C — ±0.5 — %Vo

Line Regulation ∆Regline Over Vin range — ±10 — mV

Load Regulation ∆Regload Over Io range — ±12 — mV

Total Output Variation ∆Regtot Includes set-point, line, load, — — ±3 (3) %Vo

–40 °C ≤ Ta ≤ +85 °C

Efficiency ηIo =20 A RSET = 2.21 kΩVo = 2.5 V — 93 —

RSET = 4.12 kΩVo = 2.0 V — 92 —

RSET = 5.49 kΩVo = 1.8 V — 91 — %

RSET = 8.87 kΩVo = 1.5 V — 89 —

RSET = 17.4 kΩVo = 1.2 V — 87 —

RSET = 36.5 kΩVo = 1.0 V — 85 —

Vo Ripple (pk-pk) Vr20 MHz bandwidth — 30 — mVpp

Over-Current Threshold Io trip Reset, followed by auto-recovery — 45 — A

Transient Response 1 A/µs load step, 50 to 100 % Iomax,

Cout =330 µF

ttr Recovery Time — 70 — µSec

∆Vtr Vo over/undershoot — 100 — mV

Margin Up/Down Adjust Vo adj — ± 5 — %

Margin Input Current (pins 12 /13) IIL margin Pin to GND — – 8 (4) —µA

Track Input Current (pin 8) IIL track Pin to GND — — –130 (5) µA

Track Slew Rate Capability dVtrack/dt Cout ≤ Cout(max) — — 1 V/ms

Under-Voltage Lockout UVLO Vin increasing — 2.45 2.8 V

Vin decreasing 2.2 2.4 —

Inhibit Control (pin4) Referenced to GND

Input High Voltage VIH Vin –0.5 — Open (5) V

Input Low Voltage VIL –0.2 — 0.8

Input Low Current IIL inhibit Pin to GND — –130 — µA

Input Standby Current Iin inh Inhibit (pin 4) to GND, Track (pin 11) open — 10 — mA

Switching Frequency ƒsOver Vin and Io ranges 275 300 325 kHz

External Input Capacitance Cin 1,500 (6) ——µF

External Output Capacitance Cout Capacitance value non-ceramic 0 330 (7) 16,500 (8) µF

ceramic 0 — 300

Equiv. series resistance (non-ceramic) 4 (9) ——mΩ

Reliability MTBF Per Bellcore TR-332 2.8 — — 106 Hrs

50 % stress, Ta =40 °C, ground benign

Notes:

(1) See SOA curves or consult factory for appropriate derating.

(2) The minimum input voltage is equal to 2.95 V or Vout + 0.5 V, whichever is greater.

(3) The set-point voltage tolerance is affected by the tolerance and stability of RSET. The stated limit is unconditionally met if RSET has a tolerance of 1 %

with 100 ppm/°C or better temperature stability.

(4) A small low-leakage (<100 nA) MOSFET is recommended to control this pin. The open-circuit voltage is less than 1 Vdc.

(5) This control pin has an internal pull-up to the input voltage Vin. If it is left open-circuit the module will operate when input power is applied. A small

low-leakage (<100 nA) MOSFET is recommended for control. For further information, consult the related application note.

(6) A 1,500 µF electrolytic input capacitor is required for proper operation. The capacitor must be rated for a minimum of 900 mA rms of ripple current.

(7) An external output capacitor is not required for basic operation. Adding 330 µF of distributed capacitance at the load will improve the transient response.

(8) This is the calculated maximum. The minimum ESR limitation will often result in a lower value. Consult the application notes for further guidance.

(9) This is the typical ESR for all the electrolytic (non-ceramic) output capacitance. Use 7 m

Ω

as the minimum when using max-ESR values to calculate.

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Note A: Characteristic data has been developed from actual products tested at 25°C. This data is considered typical data for the converter.

Note B: SOA curves represent the conditions at which internal components are at or below the manufacturer’s maximum operating temperatures. Derating limits apply to

modules soldered directly to a 4 in.

4 in. double-sided PCB with 1 oz. copper.

Typical Characteristics

Characteristic Data; Vin =3.3V (See Note A)

Efficiency vs Load Current

Power Dissipation vs Load Current

Output Ripple vs Load Current

Safe Operating Area; Vin =3.3 V (See Note B)

All Output Voltages

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Iout - Amps

Pd - Watts

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Iout (A)

Ambient Temperature (°C)

400LFM

200LFM

100LFM

Nat Conv

Airflow

ATH30T033 Series —3.3-V Input

30-A, 3.3-V Input Non-Isolated

Wide-Output Adjust Power Module REVISION 00 (30APR2004)

100

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Iout - Amps

Efficiency - %

2.5 V

2.0 V

1.8 V

1.5 V

1.2 V

0.8 V

VOUT

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Iout (A)

Ripple - mV

2.0 V

1.5 V

1.8 V

1.2 V

0.8 V

2.5 V

VOUT

Application Notes

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ATH30T033 & ATH30T05 Series

Capacitor Recommendations for the ATH30T033 &

ATH30T05 Series of Power Modules

Input Capacitor

The recommended input capacitor(s) is determined by

the 1,500 µF (1) minimum capacitance and 900 mArms

minimum ripple current rating.

Ripple current and <100 mΩ equivalent series resistance

(ESR) values are the major considerations, along with

temperature, when designing with different types of

capacitors. Unlike polymer tantalum, conventional tan-

talum capacitors have a recommended minimum voltage

rating of 2 × (maximum DC voltage + AC ripple). This

is standard practice to ensure reliability.

For improved ripple reduction on the input bus, ceramic

capacitors may be used to complement electrolytic types

and achieve the minimum required capacitance.

Output Capacitors (Optional)

For applications with load transients (sudden changes in

load current), regulator response will benefit from an

external output capacitance. The recommended output

capacitance of 330 µF will allow the module to meet

its transient response specification (see product data sheet).

For most applications, a high quality computer-grade

aluminum electrolytic capacitor is most suitable. These

capacitors provide adequate decoupling over the frequency

range, 2 kHz to 150 kHz, and are suitable when ambient

temperatures are above 0 °C. For operation below 0 °C,

tantalum, ceramic or Os-Con type capacitors are recom-

mended. When using one or more non-ceramic capacitors,

the calculated equivalent ESR should be no lower than

4 mΩ (7 mΩ using the manufacturer’s maximum ESR

for a single capacitor). A list of preferred low-ESR type

capacitors are identified in Table 1-1.

Ceramic Capacitors

Above 150 kHz the performance of aluminum electrolytic

capacitors becomes less effective. To further improve the

reflected input ripple current or the output transient

response, multilayer ceramic capacitors can also be added.

Ceramic capacitors have very low ESR and their resonant

frequency is higher than the bandwidth of the regulator.

When used on the output their combined ESR is not

critical as long as the total value of ceramic capacitance

does not exceed 300 µF. Also, to prevent the formation of

local resonances, do not place more than five identical ce-

ramic capacitors in parallel with values of 10 µF or greater.

Tantalum Capacitors

Tantalum type capacitors can be used at both the input

and output, and are recommended for applications where

the ambient operating temperature can be less than 0 °C.

The AVX TPS, Sprague 593D/594/595 and Kemet T495/

T510 capacitor series are suggested over many other

tantalum types due to their higher rated surge, power

dissipation, and ripple current capability. As a caution

many general purpose tantalum capacitors have consider-

ably higher ESR, reduced power dissipation and lower

ripple current capability. These capacitors are also less

reliable when determining their power dissipation and

surge current capability. Tantalum capacitors that do

not have a stated ESR or surge current rating are not

recommended for power applications.

When specifying Os-Con and polymer tantalum capacitors

for the output, the minimum ESR limit will be encoun-

tered well before the maximum capacitance value is

reached.

Capacitor Table

Table 1-1 identifies the characteristics of capacitors from a

number of vendors with acceptable ESR and ripple current

(rms) ratings. The recommended number of capacitors

required at both the input and output buses is identified

for each capacitor type.

This is not an extensive capacitor list. Capacitors from other

vendors are available with comparable specifications. Those

listed are for guidance. The RMS ripple current rating and

ESR (at 100kHz) are critical parameters necessary to insure

both optimum regulator performance and long capacitor life.

Designing for Very Fast Load Transients

The transient response of the DC/DC converter has been

characterized using a load transient with a di/dt of 1 A/µs.

The typical voltage deviation for this load transient is

given in the data sheet specification table using the

optional value of output capacitance. As the di/dt of a

transient is increased, the response of a converter’s regu-

lation circuit ultimately depends on its output capacitor

decoupling network. This is an inherent limitation with

any DC/DC converter once the speed of the transient

exceeds its bandwidth capability. If the target application

specifies a higher di/dt or lower voltage deviation, the

requirement can only be met with additional output

capacitor decoupling. In these cases special attention

must be paid to the type, value and ESR of the capacitors

selected.

If the transient performance requirements exceed that

specified in the data sheet, or the total amount of load

capacitance is above 3,000 µF, the selection of output

capacitors becomes more important. For further guidance

consult the separate application note, “Selecting Capaci-

tors for PTH Products in High-Performance Applications.”

Application Notes

continued

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Table 1-1: Input/Output Capacitors

[1] The total capacitance is slightly lower than 1,500 µF, but is acceptable based on the combined ripple current rating.

[2] A ceramic capacitor may be used to complement electrolytic types at the input to further reduce high-frequency ripple current

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Application Notes

North America (USA): 1-888-41-ASTEC Europe (UK): 44(1384)842-211 Asia (HK): 852-2437-9662

Adjusting the Output Voltage of the ATH30T033

& ATH30T05 Wide-Output Adjust Power Modules

The Vo Adjust control (pin 4) sets the output voltage of the

ATH30T033 and ATH30T05 products to a value higher than

0.8 V. The adjustment range of the ATH30T033 (3.3-V

input) is from 0.8 V to 2.5 V 1, and the ATH30T05 (5-V input)

from 0.8 V to 3.6 V. For an output voltage other than

0.8 V a single external resistor, Rset, must be connected

directly between the Vo Adjust and GND pins 2. Table 2-1

gives the preferred value of the external resistor for a num-

ber of standard voltages, along with the actual output

voltage that this resistance value provides.

For other output voltages the value of the required resistor

can either be calculated using the following formula, or

simply selected from the range of values given in Table 2-2.

Figure 2-1 shows the placement of the required resistor.

Rset = 10 kΩ · 0.8 V – 2.49 kΩ

Vout – 0.8 V

Figure 2-1; Vo Adjust Resistor Placement

Notes:

1. Modules that operate from a 3.3-V input bus should

not be adjusted higher than 2.5 V.

2. Use a 0.1 W resistor. The tolerance should be 1 %, with

temperature stability of 100 ppm/°C (or better). Place

the resistor as close to the regulator as possible. Connect

the resistor directly between pins 5 and 10 using dedicated

PCB traces.

3. Never connect capacitors from V

Adjust to either GND or

out

. Any capacitance added to the V

Adjust pin will affect

the stability of the regulator.

0.800 Open

0.825 318 kΩ

0.850 158 kΩ

0.875 104 kΩ

0.900 77.5 kΩ

0.925 61.5 kΩ

0.950 50.8 kΩ

0.975 43.2 kΩ

1.000 37.5 kΩ

1.025 33.1 kΩ

1.050 29.5 kΩ

1.075 26.6 kΩ

1.100 24.2 kΩ

1.125 22.1 kΩ

1.150 20.4 kΩ

1.175 18.8 kΩ

1.200 17.5 kΩ

1.225 16.3 kΩ

1.250 15.3 kΩ

1.275 14.4 kΩ

1.300 13.5 kΩ

1.325 12.7 kΩ

1.350 12.1 kΩ

1.375 11.4 kΩ

1.400 10.8 kΩ

1.425 10.3 kΩ

1.450 9.82 kΩ

1.475 9.36 kΩ

1.50 8.94 kΩ

1.55 8.18 kΩ

1.60 7.51 kΩ

1.65 6.92 kΩ

1.70 6.4 kΩ

1.75 5.93 kΩ

1.80 5.51 kΩ

1.85 5.13 kΩ

1.90 4.78 kΩ

1.95 4.47 kΩ

Vout (Standard) Rset (Pref’d Value) Vout (Actual)

3.3 V 1698 Ω3.309V

2.5 V 2.21 kΩ2.502 V

2 V 4.12 kΩ2.010 V

1.8 V 5.49 kΩ1.803 V

1.5 V 8.87 kΩ1.504 V

1.2 V 17.4 kΩ1.202 V

1 V 36.5 kΩ1.005 V

0.8 V Open 0.8 V

Table 2-1; Preferred Values of Rset

for Standard Output Voltages

ATH30T033 & ATH30T05 Series

Table 2-2; Output Voltage Set-Point Resistor Values

Va Req’d Rset Va Req’d Rset

2.00 4.18 kΩ

2.05 3.91 kΩ

2.10 3.66 kΩ

2.15 3.44 kΩ

2.20 3.22 kΩ

2.25 3.03 kΩ

2.30 2.84 kΩ

2.35 2.67 kΩ

2.40 2.51 kΩ

2.45 2.36 kΩ

2.50 2.22 kΩ

2.55 2.08 kΩ

2.60 1.95 kΩ

2.65 1.83 kΩ

2.70 1.72 kΩ

2.75 1.61 kΩ

2.80 1.51 kΩ

2.85 1.41 kΩ

2.90 1.32 kΩ

2.95 1.23 kΩ

3.00 1.15 kΩ

3.05 1.07 kΩ

3.10 988 Ω

3.15 914 Ω

3.20 843 Ω

3.25 775 Ω

3.30 710 Ω

3.35 647 Ω

3.40 587 Ω

3.45 529 Ω

3.50 473 Ω

3.55 419 Ω

3.60 367 Ω

OUT

330 µF

(Optional)

GND

OUT

Sense

SET

1 %, 0.1 W

PTH05030W

1, 3, 7

13 6

8, 9

12 11

GND Adjust

Sense

GND

ATH30T05-9S

Application Notes

ATH Series of Wide-Output Adjust Power

Modules (3.3/5-V Input)

North America (USA): 1-888-41-ASTEC Europe (UK): 44(1384)842-211 Asia (HK): 852-2437-9662

Features of the ATH Family of Non-Isolated

Wide Output Adjust Power Modules

Point-of-Load Alliance

The ATH family of non-isolated, wide-output adjust

power modules are optimized for applications that require

a flexible, high performance module that is small in size.

These products are part of the “Point-of-Load Alliance”

(POLA), which ensures compatible footprint,

interoperability and true second sourcing for customer

design flexibility. The POLA is a collaboration between

Texas Instruments, Artesyn Technologies, and Astec

Power to offer customers advanced non-isolated modules

that provide the same functionality and form factor. Prod-

uct series covered by the alliance includes the ATH06

(6 A), ATH10 (10 A), ATH12/15 (12/15 A), ATH18/22

(18/22 A), and the ATH26/30 (26/30 A).

From the basic, “Just Plug it In” functionality of the 6-A

modules, to the 30-A rated feature-rich ATH30, these

products were designed to be very flexible, yet simple to use.

The features vary with each product. Table 3-1 provides

a quick reference to the available features by product

and input bus voltage.

Table 3-1; Operating Features by Series and Input Bus Voltage

For simple point-of-use applications, the ATH06 provides

operating features such as an on/off inhibit, output volt-

age trim, pre-bias startup (3.3/5-V input only), and

over-current protection. The ATH10 (10 A), and ATH12/

15 (12/15 A) include an output voltage sense, and margin

up/down controls. Then the higher output current,

ATH18/22 and ATH26/30 products incorporate over-tem-

perature shutdown protection. All of the products

referenced in Table 3-1 include Auto-Track™. This is a

feature unique to the ATH family, and was specifically

designed to simplify the task of sequencing the supply

voltage in a power system. These and other features are

described in the following sections.

Soft-Start Power Up

The Auto-Track™ feature allows the power-up of multiple

ATH modules to be directly controlled from the Track

pin. However in a stand-alone configuration, or when

the Auto-Track™ feature is not being used, the Track

pin should be directly connected to the input voltage,

Vin (see Figure 3-1).

Figure 3–1

5 V

1,000 µF

OUT

330 µF

GND GND

3.3 V

SET

, 698

0.1 W, 1 %

PTH05020W

Track

GNDInhibit 1

Up Dn Sense

Adjust

When the Track pin is connected to the input voltage the

Auto-Track™ function is permanently disengaged. This

allows the module to power up entirely under the control

of its internal soft-start circuitry. When power up is under

soft-start control, the output voltage rises to the set-point

at a quicker and more linear rate.

Figure 3–2

Vin (1 V/Div)

Vout (1 V/Div)

Iin (5 A/Div)

HORIZ SCALE: 5 ms/Div

Series Input Bus I OUT

3.3 V / 5 V 6 A •••••

12 V 6 A ••• •

3.3 V / 5 V 10 A •••••••

12 V 8 A ••• •••

3.3 V / 5 V 15 A •••••••

12 V 12 A ••• •••

3.3 V / 5 V 22 A ••••••••

12 V 18 A ••• ••••

3.3 V / 5 V 30 A ••••••••

12 V 26 A ••••••••

Over-Current

Output Sense

Adjust (Trim)

Thermal Shutdown

Pre-Bias Start up

Margin Up/Down

Auto-Track™

PTHxx030

On/Off Inhibit

PTHxx010

PTHxx020

PTHxx060

PTHxx050

ATH06

ATH10

ATH12/15

ATH18/22

ATH26/30

10 A

ATH22T05-9S

Application Notes

ATH Series of Wide-Output Adjust Power

Modules (3.3/5-V Input)

North America (USA): 1-888-41-ASTEC Europe (UK): 44(1384)842-211 Asia (HK): 852-2437-9662

Output On/Off Inhibit

For applications requiring output voltage on/off control,

each series of the ATH family incorporates an output

Inhibit control pin. The inhibit feature can be used wher-

ever there is a requirement for the output voltage from

the regulator to be turned off.

Vo (2V/Div)

Iin (2A/Div)

Q1Vds (5V/Div)

HORIZ SCALE: 10ms/Div

PTH05020W

1,000 µF

OUT

330 µF

1 =Inhibit

GND GND

OUT

Sense

BSS138

SET

From the moment a valid input voltage is applied, the

soft-start control introduces a short time delay (typically

5 ms-10 ms) before allowing the output voltage to rise.

The output then progressively rises to the module’s set-

point voltage. Figure 3-2 shows the soft-start power-up

characteristic of the 22-A output product (ATH22T05-9S),

operating from a 5-V input bus and configured for a 3.3-V

output. The waveforms were measured with a 5-A resistive

load, with Auto-Track™ disabled. The initial rise in input

current when the input voltage first starts to rise is the

charge current drawn by the input capacitors. Power-up

is complete within 15 ms.

Over-Current Protection

For protection against load faults, all modules incorporate

output over-current protection. Applying a load that

exceeds the regulator’s over-current threshold will cause

the regulated output to shut down. Following shutdown

a module will periodically attempt to recover by initiating

a soft-start power-up. This is described as a “hiccup” mode

of operation, whereby the module continues in a cycle of

successive shutdown and power up until the load fault is

removed. During this period, the average current flowing

into the fault is significantly reduced. Once the fault is

removed, the module automatically recovers and returns

to normal operation.

Over-Temperature Protection

The ATH18/22 and ATH26/30 series of products have

over-temperature protection. These products have an

on-board temperature sensor that protects the module’s

internal circuitry against excessively high temperatures.

A rise in the internal temperature may be the result of a

drop in airflow, or a high ambient temperature. If the

internal temperature exceeds the OTP threshold, the

module’s Inhibit control is automatically pulled low. This

turns the output off. The output voltage will drop as the

external output capacitors are discharged by the load

circuit. The recovery is automatic, and begins with a

soft-start power up. It occurs when the the sensed tem-

perature decreases by about 10 °C below the trip point.

Note: The over-temperature protection is a last resort mecha-

nism to prevent thermal stress to the regulator. Operation at

or close to the thermal shutdown temperature is not recom-

mended and will reduce the long-term reliability of the module.

Always operate the regulator within the specified Safe Operating

Area (SOA) limits for the worst-case conditions of ambient

temperature and airflow.

Turning Q1 on applies a low voltage to the Inhibit control

and disables the output of the module. If Q1 is then turned

off, the module will execute a soft-start power-up. A

regulated output voltage is produced within 20 msec.

Figure 3-4 shows the typical rise in both the output volt-

age and input current, following the turn-off of Q1. The

turn off of Q1 corresponds to the rise in the waveform,

Q1 Vds. The waveforms were measured with a 5-A load.

Figure 3–4

The power modules function normally when the Inhibit

pin is left open-circuit, providing a regulated output

whenever a valid source voltage is connected to Vin with

respect to GND.

Figure 3-3 shows the typical application of the inhibit

function. Note the discrete transistor (Q1). The Inhibit

control has its own internal pull-up to Vin potential. The

input is not compatible with TTL logic devices. An open-

collector (or open-drain) discrete transistor is recommended

for control.

Figure 3–3

ATH22T05-9S

Application Notes

ATH Series of Wide-Output Adjust Power

Modules (3.3/5-V Input)

North America (USA): 1-888-41-ASTEC Europe (UK): 44(1384)842-211 Asia (HK): 852-2437-9662

Auto-Track™ Function

The Auto-Track™ function is unique to the ATH family,

and is available with the all “Point-of-Load Alliance”

(POLA) products. Auto-Track™ was designed to simplify

the amount of circuitry required to make the output

voltage from each module power up and power down in

sequence. The sequencing of two or more supply voltages

during power up is a common requirement for complex

mixed-signal applications, that use dual-voltage VLSI ICs

such as DSPs, micro-processors, and ASICs.

How Auto-Track™ Works

Auto-Track™ works by forcing the module’s output voltage

to follow a voltage presented at the Track control pin. This

control range is limited to between 0 V and the module’s

set-point voltage. Once the track-pin voltage is raised

above the set-point voltage, the module’s output remains

at its set-point 1. As an example, if the Track pin of a 2.5-V

regulator is at 1 V, the regulated output will be 1 V. But

if the voltage at the Track pin rises to 3 V, the regulated

output will not go higher than 2.5 V.

When under track control, the regulated output from

the module follows the voltage at its Track pin on a volt-

for-volt basis. By connecting the Track pin of a number

of these modules together, the output voltages will fol-

low a common signal during power-up and power-down.

The control signal can be an externally generated master

ramp waveform, or the output voltage from another power

supply circuit 3. For convenience the Track control incor-

porates an internal RC charge circuit. This operates off

the module’s input voltage to provide a suitable rising

voltage ramp waveform.

Typical Application

The basic implementation of Auto-Track™ allows for

simultaneous voltage sequencing of a number of Auto-

Track™ compliant modules. Connecting the Track control

pins of two or more modules forces the Track control of

all modules to follow the same collective RC ramp wave-

form, and allows them to be controlled through a single

transistor or switch; Q1 in Figure 3-5.

To initiate a power-up sequence the Track control must

first pulled to ground potential. This should be done at

or before input power is applied to the modules, and then

held for at least 10 ms thereafter. This brief period gives

the modules time to complete their internal soft-start

initialization, which enables them to produce an output

voltage.

Applying a logic-level high signal to the circuit’s On/Off

Control turns Q1 on and applies a ground signal to the

Track control. After completing their internal soft-start

intialization, the output of all modules will remain at zero

volts while Q1 is on. 10 ms after a valid input voltage has

been applied to all modules, Q1 can be turned off. This

allows the track control voltage to automatically rise

toward to the modules' input voltage. During this period

the output voltage of each module will rise in unison with

other modules, to its respective set-point voltage.

Figure 3-6 shows the output voltage waveforms from the

circuit of Figure 3-5 after the On/Off Control is set from a

high to a low-level voltage. The waveforms, Vo1 and Vo2

represent the output voltages from the two power mod-

ules, U1 (3.3 V) and U2 (1.8 V) respectively. Vo1 and Vo2

are shown rising together to produce the desired simul-

taneous power-up characteristic.

The same circuit also provides a power-down sequence.

Power down is the reverse of power up, and is accom-

plished by lowering the track control voltage back to zero

volts. The important constraint is that a valid input voltage

must be maintained until the power down is complete. It

also requires that Q1 be turned off relatively slowly. This

is so that the Track control voltage does not fall faster than

Auto-Track's slew rate capability, which is 1 V/ms. The

components R1 and C1 in Figure 3-5 limit the rate at

which Q1 can pull down the Track control voltage. The

values of 100 k-ohm and 0.1 µF correlate to a decay rate

of about 0.17 V/ms.

The power-down sequence is initiated with a low-to-high

transition at the On/Off Control input to the circuit.

Figure 3-7 shows the power-down waveforms. As the

Track control voltage falls below the nominal set-point

voltage of each power module, then its output voltage

decays with all the other modules under Auto-Track™

control.

Notes on Use of Auto-Track™

1. The Track pin voltage must be allowed to rise

above the module’s set-point voltage before the

module can regulate at its adjusted set-point

voltage.

2. The Auto-Track™ function will track almost any

voltage ramp during power up, and is compatible

with ramp speeds of up to 1 V/ms.

3. The absolute maximum voltage that may be applied

to the Track pin is Vin.

4. The module will not follow a voltage at its Track

control input until it has completed its soft-start

initialization. This takes about 10 ms from the

time that the module has sensed that a valid voltage

has been applied its input. During this period, it is

recommended that the Track pin be held at ground

potential.

5. The module is capable of both sinking and

sourcing current when following a voltage at

its Track pin. Therefore startup into an output

prebias is not supported during Auto-Track™

control. Note: A pre-bias holdoff is not necessary when

all supply voltages rise simultaneously under the control of

Auto-Track™.

6. The Auto-Track™ function can be disabled by

connecting the Track pin to the input voltage (Vin).

With Auto-Track™ disabled, the output voltage

will rise at a quicker and more linear rate after

**Auto-Track is a trademark of Texas Intruments, Inc.

Application Notes

ATH Series of Wide-Output Adjust Power

Modules (3.3/5-V Input)

North America (USA): 1-888-41-ASTEC Europe (UK): 44(1384)842-211 Asia (HK): 852-2437-9662

Figure 3–6; Simultaneous Power Up with Auto-Track™ Control

PTH05010W

Track

GNDInhibit

PTH05020W

Track

GNDInhibit 7

OUT

=1.8 V

=3.3 V

+5 V

0 V

On/Off Control

1 = Power Down

0 = Power Up

BSS138

0.1 µF

100 k

698

5k49

Figure 3–5; Sequenced Power Up & Power Down Using Auto-Track

Figure 3–7; Simultaneous Power Down with Auto-Track™ Control

Vo1 (1 V/Div)

Vo2 (1 V/Div)

On/Off Input

(5 V/Div)

HORIZ SCALE: 10 ms/Div

Vo1 (1 V/Div)

Vo2 (1 V/Div)

On/Off Input

(5 V/Div)

HORIZ SCALE: 10 ms/Div

ATH22T05-9S

ATH15T05-9S

Application Notes

ATH Series of Wide-Output Adjust Power

Modules (3.3/5-V Input)

North America (USA): 1-888-41-ASTEC Europe (UK): 44(1384)842-211 Asia (HK): 852-2437-9662

Margin Up/Down Controls

The ATH10 (10A), ATH12/15 (12/15A), ATH18/22 (18/

22A) and ATH26/30 (26/30A) products incorporate Margin

Up and Margin Down control inputs. These controls allow

the output voltage to be momentarily adjusted 1, either up

or down, by a nominal 5 %. This provides a convenient

method for dynamically testing the operation of the load

circuit over its supply margin or range. It can also be used to

verify the function of supply voltage supervisors. The

±5 % change is applied to the adjusted output voltage, as set

by the external resistor, Rset at the Vo Adjust pin.

The 5 % adjustment is made by pulling the appropriate

margin control input directly to the GND terminal 2.

A low-leakage open-drain device, such as an n-channel

MOSFET or p-channel JFET is recommended for this

purpose 3. Adjustments of less than 5 % can also be accom-

modated by adding series resistors to the control inputs.

The value of the resistor can be selected from Table 3-2,

or calculated using the following formula.

Up/Down Adjust Resistance Calculation

To reduce the margin adjustment to something less than

5 %, series resistors are required (See RD and RU in

Figure 3-8). For the same amount of adjustment, the

resistor value calculated for RU and RD will be the same.

The formulas is as follows.

RU or RD= 499 – 99.8 kΩ

∆%

Where ∆% = The desired amount of margin adjust in

percent.

Notes:

1. The Margin Up* and Margin Dn* controls were not

intended to be activated simultaneously. If they are

their affects on the output voltage may not completely

cancel, resulting in the possibility of a slightly higher

error in the output voltage set point.

2. The ground reference should be a direct connection to

the module GND at pin 7 (pin 1 for the ATH06).

This will produce a more accurate adjustment at the

load circuit terminals. The transistors Q1 and Q2 should

be located close to the regulator.

3. The Margin Up and Margin Dn control inputs are not

compatible with devices that source voltage. This includes

TTL logic. These are analog inputs and should only be

controlled with a true open-drain device (preferably

a discrete MOSFET transistor). The device selected

should have low off-state leakage current. Each input

sources 8 µA when grounded, and has an open-circuit

voltage of 0.8 V.

Figure 3–8; Margin Up/Down Application Schematic

Table 3-2; Margin Up/Down Resistor Values

% Adjust RU / RD

5 0.0 kΩ

4 24.9 kΩ

3 66.5 kΩ

2 150.0 kΩ

1 397.0 kΩ

out

GND

MargDn

OUT

MargUp

PTH05010W

(Top View)

10 9 8

543

GND

SET

0.1 W, 1 %

ATH15T05-9S

Application Notes

ATH Series of Wide-Output Adjust Power

Modules (3.3/5-V Input)

North America (USA): 1-888-41-ASTEC Europe (UK): 44(1384)842-211 Asia (HK): 852-2437-9662

Pre-Bias Startup Capability

Only selected products in the ATH family incorporate this

capability. Consult Table 3-1 to identify which products

are compliant.

A pre-bias startup condition occurs as a result of an external

voltage being present at the output of a power module prior

to its output becoming active. This often occurs in com-

plex digital systems when current from another power

source is backfed through a dual-supply logic component,

such as an FPGA or ASIC. Another path might be via

clamp diodes as part of a dual-supply power-up sequencing

arrangement. A prebias can cause problems with power

modules that incorporate synchronous rectifiers. This is

because under most operating conditions, these types of

modules can sink as well as source output current.

The ATH family of power modules incorporate synchro-

nous rectifiers, but will not sink current during startup 1,

or whenever the Inhibit pin is held low. However, to ensure

satisfactory operation of this function, certain conditions

must be maintained. 2 Figure 3-9 shows an application

demonstrating the pre-bias startup capability. The start-

up waveforms are shown in Figure 3-10. Note that the

output current from the ATH15T033 (Io) shows negligible

current until its output voltage rises above that backfed

through diodes D1 and D2.

Note: The pre-bias start-up feature is not compatible with

Auto-Track™. When the module is under Auto-Track™

control, it will sink current if the output voltage is below

that of a back-feeding source. To ensure a pre-bias hold-off

one of two approaches must be followed when input power is

applied to the module. The Auto-Track™ function must either

be disabled 3, or the module’s output held off (for at least

50 ms) using the Inhibit pin. Either approach ensures that the

Track pin voltage is above the set-point voltage at start up.

Notes

1. Startup includes the short delay (approx. 10 ms)

prior to the output voltage rising, followed by the

rise of the output voltage under the module’s

internal soft-start control. Startup is complete

when the output voltage has risen to either the set-

point voltage or the voltage at the Track pin,

whichever is lowest.

2. To ensure that the regulator does not sink current

when power is first applied (even with a ground

signal applied to the Inhibit control pin), the input

voltage must always be greater than the output

voltage throughout the power-up and power-down

sequence.

3. The Auto-Track™ function can be disabled at

power up by immediately applying a voltage to the

module’s Track pin that is greater than its set-point

voltage. This can be easily accomplished by

connecting the Track pin to Vin.

= 2.5 V

= 3.3 V

2k21

ASIC

VCORE VCCIO

PTH03010W

Track

GNDInhibit 7Vadj

Sense

330 µF

OUT

330 µF

Figure 3–9; Application Circuit Demonstrating Pre-Bias Startup

Vin (1 V/Div)

Vo (1 V/Div)

Io (5 A/Div)

HORIZ SCALE: 5 ms/Div

ATH15T033-9S

Figure 3–10; Pre-Bias Startup Waveforms

Application Notes

ATH Series of Wide-Output Adjust Power

Modules (3.3/5-V Input)

North America (USA): 1-888-41-ASTEC Europe (UK): 44(1384)842-211 Asia (HK): 852-2437-9662

Remote Sense

The ATH10, ATH12/15, ATH18/22, and ATH26/30

products incorporate an output voltage sense pin,

Vo Sense. The Vo Sense pin should be connected to Vout at the

load circuit (see data sheet standard application). A re-

mote sense improves the load regulation performance of

the module by allowing it to compensate for any ‘IR’ voltage

drop between itself and the load. An IR drop is caused by

the high output current flowing through the small

amount of pin and trace resistance. Use of the remote

sense is optional. If not used, the Vo Sense pin can be left

open-circuit. An internal low-value resistor (15-Ω or

less) is connected between the Vo Sense and Vout. This en-

sures the output voltage remains in regulation.

With the sense pin connected, the difference between

the voltage measured directly between the Vout and GND

pins, and that measured from Vo Sense to GND, is the

amount of IR drop being compensated by the regulator.

This should be limited to a maximum of 0.3 V.

Note: The remote sense feature is not designed to compensate

for the forward drop of non-linear or frequency dependent

components that may be placed in series with the converter

output. Examples include OR-ing diodes, filter inductors,

ferrite beads, and fuses. When these components are enclosed

by the remote sense connection they are effectively placed

inside the regulation control loop, which can adversely affect

the stability of the regulator.