Q24S30018 DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 18-36 VDC Input; 1.8 VDC @ 30A Output Description The Q24S30018 surface mounted DC-DC converter offers unprecedented performance in the industry-standard quarter-brick format. This is accomplished through the use of patent pending circuit and packaging techniques to achieve ultra-high efficiency, excellent thermal performance and a very low body profile. Family 30 A In telecommunications applications the Q converters provide thermal performance that far exceeds most quarter bricks and is comparable even to existing halfbricks. Low body profile and the preclusion of heat sinks minimize airflow shadowing, thus enhancing cooling for downstream devices. The use of 100% surface-mount technologies for assembly, coupled with Power-One's advanced electric and thermal circuitry and packaging, results in a product with extremely high quality and reliability. 35 Load Current [Adc] 30 25 20 15 500 LFM (2.5 m/s) 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) 30 LFM (0.15 m/s) 10 5 0 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Ambient Temperature [C] Fig. 1: Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airflow rates for Q24S30018 converter mounted vertically with air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1, MOSFET temperature 120C, Vin = 27 V. Applications Telecommunications Data communications Wireless Servers MCD10217 Rev. 1.0, 23-Aug-10 Q24S30018 Converter Features Page 1 of 14 Delivers up to 30 A Higher current capability at 70 C than most existing quarter-brick and 30 A half-brick converters High efficiency: 83.5% @ 30 A, 85.5% @ 15 A Start-up into pre-biased output No minimum load required No heat sink required Low profile: 0.26" [6.6 mm] Low weight: 1 oz [28 g] typical Industry-standard footprint: 1.45" x 2.30" Meets Basic Insulation Requirements of EN60950 On-board LC input filter Fixed-frequency operation Fully protected Remote output sense Output voltage trim range: +10%/-20% Trim resistor via industry-standard equations High reliability: MTBF 2.6 million hours, calculated per Telcordia TR-332, Method I Case 1 Positive or negative logic ON/OFF option UL 60950 recognized in U.S. & Canada, and DEMKO certified per IEC/EN 60950 Meets conducted emissions requirements of FCC Class B and EN55022 Class B with external filter All materials meet UL94, V-0 flammability rating www.power-one.com Q24S30018 DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 18-36 VDC Input; 1.8 VDC @ 30A Output Electrical Specifications Conditions: TA=25 C, Airflow=300 LFM (1.5 m/s), Vin=24 VDC, unless otherwise specified. PARAMETER ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Input Voltage Operating Ambient Temperature Storage Temperature NOTES Continuous MIN TYP 0 -40 -55 MAX UNITS 40 85 125 VDC C C INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Operating Input Voltage Range Input Under Voltage Lockout Turn-on Threshold Turn-off Threshold 18 24 36 VDC 16 15 17 16 17.5 16.5 VDC VDC 30,000 30 40 55 8 F ADC ADC A Arms Non-latching OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS External Load Capacitance Output Current Range Current Limit Inception Peak Short-Circuit Current RMS Short-Circuit Current Plus full load (resistive) Non-latching Non-latching. Short=10m. Non-latching 0 33 36 45 ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS I/O Isolation Isolation Capacitance Isolation Resistance 2000 VDC F M 230 10 FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS Switching Frequency 1 Output Voltage Trim Range Remote Sense Compensation 435 Use trim equations on Page 6 1 Output Over-Voltage Protection Over-Temperature Shutdown (PCB) Auto-Restart Period Turn-On Time ON/OFF Control (Positive Logic) Converter Off Converter On ON/OFF Control (Negative Logic) Converter Off Converter On +10 kHz % +10 % 127 % C ms ms -20 2.4 0.8 20 VDC VDC 2.4 -20 20 0.8 VDC VDC -20 Percent of VOUT(NOM) Non-latching Non-latching Applies to all protection features 117 122 118 100 2.5 Additional Notes: 1. Vout can be increased up to 10% via the sense leads or up to 10% via the trim function, however total output voltage trim from all sources should not exceed 10% of VOUT(NOM), in order to insure specified operation of over-voltage protection circuitry. See further discussion at end of Output Voltage Adjust /TRIM section. MCD10217 Rev. 1.0, 23-Aug-10 Page 2 of 14 www.power-one.com Q24S30018 DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 18-36 VDC Input; 1.8 VDC @ 30A Output Electrical Specifications (continued) Conditions: TA=25 C, Airflow=300 LFM (1.5 m/s), Vin=24 VDC, unless otherwise specified. PARAMETER INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Maximum Input Current Input Stand-by Current Input No Load Current (0 load on the output) Input Reflected-Ripple Current Input Voltage Ripple Rejection NOTES MIN 30 ADC, 1.8 VDC Out @ 18 VDC In Vin = 24 V, converter disabled Vin = 24 V, converter enabled See Figure 25 - 25MHz bandwidth 120Hz TYP MAX UNITS 3.6 ADC mADC mADC mAPK-PK dB 1.800 1.818 VDC 2 2 4 5 1.827 50 mV mV VDC mVPK-PK 3.5 91.6 6 TBD OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Set Point (no load) Output Regulation Over Line Over Load Output Voltage Range Output Ripple and Noise - 25MHz bandwidth -40C to 85C Over line, load and temperature Full load + 10 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic 1.782 1.773 30 DYNAMIC RESPONSE Load Change 25% of Iout Max, di/dt = 0.1 A/S di/dt = 5 A/S Setting Time to 1% Co = 1 F ceramic (Fig.20) Co = 450 F tant. + 1 F ceramic (Fig.21) 50 140 100 mV mV s 83.5 85.5 % % EFFICIENCY 100% Load 50% Load MCD10217 Rev. 1.0, 23-Aug-10 Page 3 of 14 www.power-one.com Q24S30018 DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 18-36 VDC Input; 1.8 VDC @ 30A Output Physical Information 1 8 Pin Connections 7 2 TOP VIEW Pin # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 6 5 3 4 SIDE VIEW Function Vin (+) ON/OFF Vin (-) Vout (-) SENSE(-) TRIM SENSE(+) Vout (+) All dimensions are in inches [mm] Connector Material: Copper Connector Finish: Gold over Nickel Converter Weight: 1 oz [28 g] typical Recommended Surface-Mount Pads: Min. 0.080" x 0.112" [2.03 x 2.84] Max. 0.092" x 0.124" [2.34 x 3.15] Converter Ordering Information and Part Numbering Scheme Product Series Input Voltage Mounting Scheme Rated Load Current Output Voltage Q 24 S 30 018 Quarter-Brick Format 18-36 V Surface Mount 30 ADC 018 1.8 V - ON/OFF Logic Maximum Height Pin Length Special Features N S 0 0 N Negative P Positive S 0.273" 0 0.00" 0 STD The example above describes P/N Q24S30018-NS00: 18-36 V input, surface mounting, 30 A @ 1.8 V output, negative ON/OFF logic. Please consult factory regarding availability of a specific version. Models highlighted in yellow or shaded are not recommended for new designs. RoHS Ordering Information: No RoHS suffix character is required for lead-solder-exemption compliance. For RoHS compliance to all six substances, add the letter "G" as the last letter of the part number. MCD10217 Rev. 1.0, 23-Aug-10 Page 4 of 14 www.power-one.com Q24S30018 DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 18-36 VDC Input; 1.8 VDC @ 30A Output case it should be capable of sourcing or sinking up to 1 mA depending on the signal polarity. See the Start-up Information section for system timing waveforms associated with use of the ON/OFF pin. Operation Input and Output Impedance These power converters have been designed to be stable with no external capacitors when used in low inductance input and output circuits. However, in many applications, the inductance associated with the distribution from the power source to the input of the converter can affect the stability of the converter. The addition of a 33 F electrolytic capacitor with an ESR < 1 across the input helps ensure stability of the converter. In many applications, the user has to use decoupling capacitance at the load. The power converter will exhibit stable operation with external load capacitance up to 30,000 F. Remote Sense (Pins 5 and 7) The remote sense feature of the converter compensates for voltage drops occurring between the output pins of the converter and the load. The SENSE(-) (Pin 5) and SENSE(+) (Pin 7) pins should be connected at the load or at the point where regulation is required (see Fig. 3). Q TM Vin (+) Family Converter (Top View) ON/OFF (Pin 2) Vin Q TM Family Converter (Top View) ON/OFF Vin Rw 100 SENSE (+) TRIM Rload SENSE (-) 10 The ON/OFF pin is used to turn the power converter on or off remotely via a system signal. There are two remote control options available, positive logic and negative logic and both are referenced to Vin(-). Typical connections are shown in Fig. 2. Vin (+) ON/OFF Vout (+) Vout (+) SENSE (+) TRIM Rload SENSE (-) Vin (-) Vout (-) CONTROL INPUT Fig. 2: Circuit configuration for ON/OFF function. The positive logic version turns on when the ON/OFF pin is at logic high and turns off when at logic low. The converter is on when the ON/OFF pin is left open. The negative logic version turns on when the pin is at logic low and turns off when the pin is at logic high. The ON/OFF pin can be hard wired directly to Vin(-) to enable automatic power up of the converter without the need of an external control signal. ON/OFF pin is internally pulled-up to 5 V through a resistor. A mechanical switch, open collector transistor, or FET can be used to drive the input of the ON/OFF pin. The device must be capable of sinking up to 0.2 mA at a low level voltage of 0.8 V. An external voltage source of 20 V max. may be connected directly to the ON/OFF input, in which MCD10217 Rev. 1.0, 23-Aug-10 Vin (-) Vout (-) Rw Fig. 3: Remote sense circuit configuration. If remote sensing is not required, the SENSE(-) pin must be connected to the Vout(-) pin (Pin 4), and the SENSE(+) pin must be connected to the Vout(+) pin (Pin 8) to ensure the converter will regulate at the specified output voltage. If these connections are not made, the converter will deliver an output voltage that is slightly higher than the specified value. Because the sense leads carry minimal current, large traces on the end-user board are not required. However, sense traces should be located close to a ground plane to minimize system noise and insure optimum performance. When wiring discretely, twisted pair wires should be used to connect the sense lines to the load to reduce susceptibility to noise. The converter's output overvoltage protection (OVP) senses the voltage across Vout(+) and Vout(-), and not across the sense lines, so the resistance (and resulting voltage drop) between the output pins of the converter and the load should be minimized to prevent unwanted triggering of the OVP. When utilizing the remote sense feature, care must be taken not to exceed the maximum allowable output power capability of the converter, equal to the product of the nominal output voltage and the allowable output current for the given conditions. When using remote sense, the output voltage at the converter can be increased by as much as 10% above the nominal rating in order to maintain the required voltage across the Page 5 of 14 www.power-one.com Q24S30018 DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 18-36 VDC Input; 1.8 VDC @ 30A Output load. Therefore, the designer must, if necessary, decrease the maximum current (originally obtained from the derating curves) by the same percentage to ensure the converter's actual output power remains at or below the maximum allowable output power. Q Family Converter Vout (+) (Top View) SENSE (+) TM Vin (+) Vin ON/OFF Vin (-) The TRIM pin should be left open if trimming is not being used. To minimize noise pickup, a 0.1 F capacitor is connected internally between the TRIM and SENSE(-) pins. To increase the output voltage, refer to Fig. 4. A trim resistor, RT-INCR, should be connected between the TRIM (Pin 6) and SENSE(+) (Pin 7), with a value of: Rload SENSE (-) Output Voltage Adjust /TRIM (Pin 6) The converter's output voltage can be adjusted up 10% or down 20% relative to the rated output voltage by the addition of an externally connected resistor. R T-INCR TRIM Vout (-) Fig. 4: Configuration for increasing output voltage. RTDECR Required value of trim-down resistor [k] and is as defined above. Note: The above equations for calculation of trim resistor values match those typically used in conventional industrystandard quarter bricks. Q Family Converter Vout (+) (Top View) SENSE (+) TM 5.11(100 )VONOM 626 RTINCR 10.22 [k] 1.225 where, Vin (+) Vin ON/OFF TRIM SENSE (-) RTINCR Required value of trim-up resistor k] VONOM Nominal value of output voltage [V] Vin (-) (VO-REQ VO-NOM) X 100 [%] VO -NOM Vout (-) Fig. 5: Configuration for decreasing output voltage. VOREQ Desired (trimmed) output voltage [V]. When trimming up, care must be taken not to exceed the converter`s maximum allowable output power. See previous section for a complete discussion of this requirement. To decrease the output voltage (Fig. 5), a trim resistor, RT-DECR, should be connected between the TRIM (Pin 6) and SENSE(-) (Pin 5), with a value of: RTDECR Rload R T-DECR Trimming/sensing beyond 110% of the rated output voltage is not an acceptable design practice, as this condition could cause unwanted triggering of the output overvoltage protection (OVP) circuit. The designer should ensure that the difference between the voltages across the converter's output pins and its sense pins does not exceed 0.18 V, or: [VOUT() VOUT()] [VSENSE() VSENSE()] 0.18 [V] This equation is applicable for any condition of output sensing and/or output trim. 511 10.22 [k] where, MCD10217 Rev. 1.0, 23-Aug-10 Page 6 of 14 www.power-one.com Q24S30018 DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 18-36 VDC Input; 1.8 VDC @ 30A Output Protection Features The converters meet North American and International safety regulatory requirements per UL60950 and EN60950. Basic Insulation is provided between input and output. Input Undervoltage Lockout Input undervoltage lockout is standard with this converter. The converter will shut down when the input voltage drops below a pre-determined voltage. The input voltage must be at least 17.5 V for the converter to turn on. Once the converter has been turned on, it will shut off when the input voltage drops below 15 V. This feature is beneficial in preventing deep discharging of batteries used in telecom applications. Output Overcurrent Protection (OCP) The converter is protected against overcurrent or short circuit conditions. Upon sensing an overcurrent condition, the converter will switch to constant current operation and thereby begin to reduce output voltage. When the output voltage drops below 0.8 VDC, the converter will shut down (Fig. 26). Once the converter has shut down, it will attempt to restart nominally every 100 ms with a 3% duty cycle (Fig 27). The attempted restart will continue indefinitely until the overload or short circuit conditions are removed or the output voltage rises above 0.8 VDC. To comply with safety agencies requirements, an input line fuse must be used external to the converter. A 7-A fuse is recommended for use with this product. Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) EMC requirements must be met at the end-product system level, as no specific standards dedicated to EMC characteristics of board mounted component dc-dc converters exist. However, di/dt tests its converters to several system level standards, primary of which is the more stringent EN55022, Information technology equipment - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement. With the addition of a simple external filter (see application notes), all versions of the Q24S30 converters pass the requirements of Class B conducted emissions per EN55022 and FCC, and meet at a minimum, Class A radiated emissions per EN 55022 and Class B per FCC Title 47CFR, Part 15-J. Please contact di/dt Applications Engineering for details of this testing. Output Overvoltage Protection (OVP) The converter will shut down if the output voltage across Vout(+) (Pin 8) and Vout(-) (Pin 4) exceeds the threshold of the OVP circuitry. The OVP circuitry contains its own reference, independent of the output voltage regulation loop. Once the converter has shut down, it will attempt to restart every 100 ms until the OVP condition is removed. Overtemperature Protection (OTP) The converter will shut down under an overtemperature condition to protect itself from overheating caused by operation outside the thermal derating curves, or operation in abnormal conditions such as system fan failure. After the converter has cooled to a safe operating temperature, it will automatically restart. Safety Requirements MCD10217 Rev. 1.0, 23-Aug-10 Page 7 of 14 www.power-one.com Q24S30018 DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 18-36 VDC Input; 1.8 VDC @ 30A Output (0.15 to 2.5 m/s), and vertical and horizontal converter mounting. Characterization General Information The converter has been characterized for many operational aspects, to include thermal derating (maximum load current as a function of ambient temperature and airflow) for vertical and horizontal mounting, efficiency, start-up and shutdown parameters, output ripple and noise, transient response to load step-change, overload, and short circuit. The following pages contain specific plots or waveforms associated with the converter. Additional comments for specific data are provided below. Test Conditions All data presented were taken with the converter soldered to a test board, specifically a 0.060" thick printed wiring board (PWB) with four layers. The top and bottom layers were not metalized. The two inner layers, comprising two-ounce copper, were used to provide traces for connectivity to the converter. The lack of metalization on the outer layers as well as the limited thermal connection ensured that heat transfer from the converter to the PWB was minimized. This provides a worst-case but consistent scenario for thermal derating purposes. All measurements requiring airflow were made in vertical and horizontal wind tunnel facilities using Infrared (IR) thermography and thermocouples for thermometry. Ensuring components on the converter do not exceed their ratings is important to maintaining high reliability. If one anticipates operating the converter at or close to the maximum loads specified in the derating curves, it is prudent to check actual operating temperatures in the application. Thermographic imaging is preferable; if this capability is not available, then thermocouples may be used. di/dt recommends the use of AWG #40 gauge thermocouples to ensure measurement accuracy. Careful routing of the thermocouple leads will further minimize measurement error. Refer to Figure 28 for optimum measuring thermocouple location. Thermal Derating Load current vs. ambient temperature and airflow rates are given in Figs. 10-13. Ambient temperature was varied between 25C and 85C, with airflow rates from 30 to 500 LFM MCD10217 Rev. 1.0, 23-Aug-10 For each set of conditions, the maximum load current was defined as the lowest of: (i) The output current at which either any FET junction temperature did not exceed a maximum specified temperature (either 105C or 120C) as indicated by the thermographic image, or (ii) The nominal rating of the converter (30 A) During normal operation, derating curves with maximum FET temperature less than or equal to 120C should not be exceeded. Temperature on the PCB at the thermocouple location shown in Fig. 28 should not exceed 118C in order to operate inside the derating curves. Efficiency Efficiency vs. load current plots are shown in Figs. 14 and 16 for ambient temperature of 25C, airflow rate of 300 LFM (1.5 m/s), both vertical and horizontal orientations, and input voltages of 18 V, 27 V and 36 V. Also, plots of efficiency vs. load current, as a function of ambient temperature with Vin = 27 V, airflow rate of 200 LFM (1 m/s) are shown for both a vertically and horizontally mounted converter in Figs. 15 and 17, respectively. Start-up Output voltage waveforms, during the turn-on transient using the ON/OFF pin for full rated load currents (resistive load) are shown without and with 10,000 F load capacitance in Figs. 18 and 19, respectively. Ripple and Noise Figure 22 shows the output voltage ripple waveform, measured at full rated load current with a 10 F tantalum and 1 F ceramic capacitor across the output. Note that all output voltage waveforms are measured across a 1 F ceramic capacitor. The input reflected ripple current waveforms are obtained using the test setup shown in Fig 23. The corresponding waveforms are shown in Figs. 24 and 25. Page 8 of 14 www.power-one.com Q24S30018 DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 18-36 VDC Input; 1.8 VDC @ 30A Output V IN Start-up Information (using negative ON/OFF) Scenario #1: Initial Start-up From Bulk Supply ON/OFF function enabled, converter started via application of VIN. See Figure 7. Time Comments t0 ON/OFF pin is ON; system front end power is toggled on, VIN to converter begins to rise. t1 VIN crosses Under-Voltage Lockout protection circuit threshold; converter enabled. t2 Converter begins to respond to turn-on command (converter turn-on delay). t3 Converter VOUT reaches 100% of nominal value. For this example, the total converter start-up time (t3- t1) is typically 2.5 ms. ON/OFF STATE OFF ON V OUT t0 t1 t2 t t3 VIN Scenario #2: Initial Start-up Using ON/OFF Pin With VIN previously powered, converter started via ON/OFF pin. See Figure 8. Time Comments t0 VINPUT at nominal value. t1 Arbitrary time when ON/OFF pin is enabled (converter enabled). t2 End of converter turn-on delay. t3 Converter VOUT reaches 100% of nominal value. For this example, the total converter start-up time (t3- t1) is typically 2.5 ms. Scenario #3: Turn-off and Restart Using ON/OFF Pin With VIN previously powered, converter is disabled and then enabled via ON/OFF pin. See Figure 9. Time Comments t0 VIN and VOUT are at nominal values; ON/OFF pin ON. t1 ON/OFF pin arbitrarily disabled; converter output falls to zero; turn-on inhibit delay period (100 ms typical) is initiated, and ON/OFF pin action is internally inhibited. t2 ON/OFF pin is externally re-enabled. If (t2- t1) 100 ms, external action of ON/OFF pin is locked out by start-up inhibit timer. If (t2- t1) > 100 ms, ON/OFF pin action is internally enabled. t3 Turn-on inhibit delay period ends. If ON/OFF pin is ON, converter begins turn-on; if off, converter awaits ON/OFF pin ON signal; see Figure 8. t4 End of converter turn-on delay. t5 Converter VOUT reaches 100% of nominal value. For the condition, (t2- t1) 100 ms, the total converter start-up time (t5- t2) is typically 102.5 ms. For (t2- t1) > 100 ms, start-up will be typically 2.5 ms after release of ON/OFF pin. ON/OFF STATE OFF ON VOUT t0 t1 t2 t t3 Fig. 8: Start-up scenario #2. VIN 100 ms ON/OFF STATE OFF ON VOUT t0 t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t Fig. 9: Start-up scenario #3. Fig. 7: Start-up scenario #1. MCD10217 Rev. 1.0, 23-Aug-10 Page 9 of 14 www.power-one.com 35 35 30 30 Load Current [Adc] Load Current [Adc] Q24S30018 DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 18-36 VDC Input; 1.8 VDC @ 30A Output 25 20 15 500 LFM (2.5 m/s) 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) 30 LFM (0.15 m/s) 10 5 25 20 15 500 LFM (2.5 m/s) 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) 30 LFM (0.15 m/s) 10 5 0 0 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 20 30 Ambient Temperature [C] 30 30 25 Load Current [Adc] Load Current [Adc] 35 20 500 LFM (2.5 m/s) 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) 30 LFM (0.15 m/s) 5 60 70 80 90 Fig. 11: Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airflow rates for converter mounted vertically with Vin = 27 V, air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 and maximum FET temperature 105C. 35 10 50 Ambient Temperature [C] Fig. 10: Available load current vs. ambient air temperature and airflow rates for converter mounted vertically with Vin = 27 V, air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 and maximum FET temperature 120C. 15 40 25 20 15 500 LFM (2.5 m/s) 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) 30 LFM (0.15 m/s) 10 5 0 0 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 20 Ambient Temperature [C] 40 50 60 70 80 90 Ambient Temperature [C] Fig. 12: Available load current vs. ambient temperature and airflow rates for converter mounted horizontally with Vin = 27 V, air flowing from pin 3 to pin 4 and maximum FET temperature 120C. MCD10217 Rev. 1.0, 23-Aug-10 30 Fig. 13: Available load current vs. ambient temperature and airflow rates for converter mounted horizontally with Vin = 27 V, air flowing from pin 3 to pin 4 and maximum FET temperature 105C. Page 10 of 14 www.power-one.com 0.95 0.95 0.90 0.90 0.85 0.85 Efficiency Efficiency Q24S30018 DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 18-36 VDC Input; 1.8 VDC @ 30A Output 0.80 0.75 0.80 0.75 36 V 27 V 18 V 0.70 70 C 55 C 40 C 0.70 0.65 0.65 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 0 5 10 Load Current [Adc] 20 25 30 35 Load Current [Adc] Fig. 14: Efficiency vs. load current and input voltage for converter mounted vertically with air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) and Ta = 25C. Fig. 15: Efficiency vs. load current and ambient temperature for converter mounted vertically with Vin = 27 V and air flowing from pin 3 to pin 1 at a rate of 200 LFM (1.0 m/s). 0.95 0.95 0.90 0.90 0.85 0.85 Efficiency Efficiency 15 0.80 0.75 0.80 0.75 36 V 27 V 18 V 70 C 55 C 40 C 0.70 0.70 0.65 0.65 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 0 35 10 15 20 25 30 35 Load Current [Adc] Load Current [Adc] Fig. 16: Efficiency vs. load current and input voltage for converter mounted horizontally with air flowing from pin 3 to pin 4 at a rate of 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) and Ta = 25C. MCD10217 Rev. 1.0, 23-Aug-10 5 Fig. 17: Efficiency vs. load current and ambient temperature for converter mounted horizontally with Vin = 27 V and air flowing from pin 3 to pin 4 at a rate of 200 LFM (1.0 m/s). Page 11 of 14 www.power-one.com Q24S30018 DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 18-36 VDC Input; 1.8 VDC @ 30A Output Fig. 18: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive) with no output capacitor at Vin = 24 V, triggered via ON/OFF pin. Top trace: ON/OFF signal (5 V/div.). Bottom trace: output voltage (1 V/div.) Time scale: 1 ms/div. Fig. 19: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive) plus 10,000 F at Vin = 24 V, triggered via ON/OFF pin. Top trace: ON/OFF signal (5 V/div.). Bottom trace: output voltage (1 V/div.). Time scale: 1 ms/div. Fig. 20: Output voltage response to load current step-change (7.5 A - 15 A - 7.5 A) at Vin = 24 V. Top trace: output voltage (100 mV/div). Bottom trace: load current (5 A/div.). Current slew rate: 0.1 A/s. Co = 1 F ceramic. Time scale: 0.2 ms/div. Fig. 21: Output voltage response to load current step-change (7.5 A - 15 A - 7.5 A) at Vin = 24 V. Top trace: output voltage (100 mV/div.). Bottom trace: load current (5 A/div). Current slew rate: 5 A/s. Co = 450 F tantalum + 1 F ceramic. Time scale: 0.2 ms/div. MCD10217 Rev. 1.0, 23-Aug-10 Page 12 of 14 www.power-one.com Q24S30018 DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 18-36 VDC Input; 1.8 VDC @ 30A Output iS 10 H source inductance Vsource Fig. 22: Output voltage ripple (20 mV/div.) at full rated load current into a resistive load with Co = 10 F tantalum + 1uF ceramic and Vin = 24 V. Time scale: 1 s/div. Fig. 24: Input reflected ripple current, ic (100 mA/div), measured at input terminals at full rated load current and Vin = 24 V. Refer to Fig. 23 for test setup. Time scale: 1 s/div. MCD10217 Rev. 1.0, 23-Aug-10 iC 33 F ESR <1 electrolytic capacitor Q Family DC/DC Converter TM 1 F ceramic Vout capacitor Fig. 23: Test setup for measuring input reflected ripple currents, ic and is. Fig. 25: Input reflected ripple current, is (10 mA/div), measured through 10 H at the source at full rated load current and Vin = 24 V. Refer to Fig. 23 for test setup. Time scale: 1s/div. Page 13 of 14 www.power-one.com Q24S30018 DC-DC Converter Data Sheet 18-36 VDC Input; 1.8 VDC @ 30A Output 2.0 Vout [Vdc] 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 0 10 20 30 40 Iout [Adc] Fig. 26: Output voltage vs. load current showing current limit point and converter shutdown point. Input voltage has almost no effect on current limit characteristic. Fig. 27: Load current (top trace, 20 A/div, 20 ms/div) into a 10 m short circuit during restart, at Vin = 24 V. Bottom trace (20 A/div, 1 ms/div) is an expansion of the on-time portion of the top trace. Fig. 28: Location of the thermocouple for thermal testing. NUCLEAR AND MEDICAL APPLICATIONS - Power-One products are not designed, intended for use in, or authorized for use as components in life support systems, equipment used in hazardous environments, or nuclear control systems without the express written consent of the respective divisional president of Power-One, Inc. TECHNICAL REVISIONS - The appearance of products, including safety agency certifications pictured on labels, may change depending on the date manufactured. Specifications are subject to change without notice. MCD10217 Rev. 1.0, 23-Aug-10 Page 14 of 14 www.power-one.com