INFINERGYTM D-MPM101 Development Micro Power Module Integrated Solid-State Micro-Power Storage Module DS004 v1.1 October 2009 Preliminary Product Data Sheet Features * * * * * * Integrated Energy Storage and Management Unit 25.4 mm x 26.7 mm (1.00 in x 1.05 in) x 4 mm Thick 10 Years Minimum Charge Retention LDO Regulated Output Voltage, Up to 3.6V Extremely Rechargeable (Thousands of Times) Eco-Friendly / Safe Applications * * * * * * * * * [actual size] Application Development / Prototyping Remote Wireless Sensors Memory & Real Time Clock Backup Semi-Active RFID Tags Development of Powered Cards Including Units with Displays / Biometrics Medical Devices High Temperature Applications Military / DoD & Aerospace Toys Benefits * * * Ideal "Plug and Play" energy storage solution for energy harvesting Accepts input energy with widely varying voltage and current Intended for application development and system prototyping Electrical Characteristics * * * * * * * * Output Voltage Options: Output Power: Storage Capacity: Peak Continuous Current: Input Power: Minimum Charge Acceptance: Operating Temperature Range: Cycle Life: LDO regulated options of 2.1V, 2.7V, 3.3V, and 3.6V Up to 200 mW (@25C) 700 Ah to 2.0 mAh 60 mA Any Power Source up to 150 mW 1 W -40C to +85C Continuous 10,000+ Cycles General Description The INFINERGYTM Development Micro Power Module (D-MPM101) from Infinite Power Solutions (IPS) is an integrated micro power storage and regulation device intended to efficiently store harvested micro energy produced by ambient energy harvesting transducers. It serves applications requiring a well regulated, deeply embedded energy storage device and power supply. The D-MPM101 has connectors to facilitate system-level prototyping. It can store energy from poorly regulated sources such as energy harvesting devices with output power levels ranging from less than 1 W to 100 mW or more, with retention periods of up to ten years. Single or multiple THINERGYTM micro energy cells (MECs) are included with the D-MPM101 to supply up to 2 mAh of energy storage from a single unit, allowing semi-active embedded devices such as wireless sensors to transmit megabits of information on a single charge. Output voltages supplied to the target applications are regulated using efficient fixed LDO (Low Drop Out) linear regulators with available common voltage levels required by all modern embedded devices from 2.1V to 3.6V. (c) 2008-2009 Infinite Power Solutions, Inc. All rights reserved. Infinite Power Solutions(R), THINERGYTM, INFINERGYTM, MECTM, and the Infinite Power Solutions, THINERGY, and INFINERGY logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of Infinite Power Solutions in various countries. All other names are the property of their respective owners. Information in this document supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. All specifications are subject to change without notice. DS004 v1.1 October 2009 Preliminary Product Data Sheet www.InfinitePowerSolutions.com INFINERGYTM D-MPM101: Integrated Solid-State Micro-Power Storage Module Charge acceptance from most energy harvesting devices utilizing mechanical/vibration, photovoltaic, thermo-electric, RF and other energy sources is highly efficient and genera l l y d o e s n o t r e q u i r e a d d i t i o n a l ex t e r n a l i n t e r fa c e components such as bridges or diodes. The MECs integrated onto the D-MPM101 are completely managed by the D-MPM101 electronics which monitor input charge regulation while providing output regulation and under-voltage protection. When combined with energy harvesting devices, applications such as wireless sensor modules can be powered with the D-MPM101 for many years, providing maintenance-free energy storage and power for the intended life of the application. Absolute Maximum Ratings Power In to Charge Terminals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 mW Maximum VIN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 KV Short Circuit Duration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Continuous Operating Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -40C to +85C Specifications Parameter Options Rating Min Typ Conditions Max DC Characteristics Minimum Capacity(1) Stored Energy -7 700 Ah -10 1000 Ah -14 1400 Ah -20 2000 Ah -7 10J -10 14J -14 20J -20 28J Operating Temperature Range All -40C Peak Input Power All -7 Peak Discharge Current -10 -14 -20 Cycle Life VIN < 2 KV 30 mA 25C 60 mA Cycles to 80% initial capacity (100% depth of discharge) 10,000 3.6V B 3.3V C 2.7V D Refer to section on LDO for details. 2.1V Shelf Life Discharge Cutoff Voltage +85C 150 mW A Nominal Regulated Output Voltage C/2 Discharge Rate @ 25C 10 years 2.1V 50C Up to maximum discharge rate Annual Non-reversible Capacity Loss 1% 25C Annual Self-Discharge Rate (Charge Loss) 3% 25C Notes: 1. Capacity depends on MEC option ordered. Refer to the Ordering Information section at the end of this document. DS004 v1.1 October 2009 Preliminary Product Data Sheet www.InfinitePowerSolutions.com 2 INFINERGYTM D-MPM101: Integrated Solid-State Micro-Power Storage Module Pin Description X-Ref Target - Figure 1 J5 2 1 AC CHG A AC CHG B 2 1 J2 J3 2.1 EN IN 2.1 EN OUT VREG EN IN VREG EN OUT 2.1 RTN GND VREG OUT VMEC OUT D-MPM101-7A J1 MEC + GND 2 1 GND DC CHG 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ds004_01_20090915 Figure 1: D-MPM101 Pinout Table 1: D-MPM101 Pinout Pin Name Function J1-1 GND Output for MEC - voltage. J1-2 MEC + Output for MEC + voltage. J2-1 DC CHG DC Charge input. J2-2 GND DC Charge input return. J3-1 AC CHG B J3-2 AC CHG A J5-1 2.1 EN IN Return path for 2.1V enable signal. J5-2 2.1 EN OUT 2.1V under voltage cutoff enable signal. This signal may be externally switched or simply jumpered to J5-1. J5-3 VREG EN IN Return path for regulator enable signal. J5-4 VREG EN OUT Voltage regulator enable signal. This signal may be externally switched or simply jumpered to J5-3. J5-5 2.1 RTN This is external load ground when 2.1V under voltage cutoff is desired. J5-6 GND This is MEC ground and should be left open-circuit when using 2.1V under voltage protection. J5-7 VREG OUT Regulated output voltage. J5-8 VMEC OUT Direct connection to MEC: No voltage regulation, under-voltage protection, or over-voltage protection! Input for AC signal. DS004 v1.1 October 2009 Preliminary Product Data Sheet www.InfinitePowerSolutions.com 3 INFINERGYTM D-MPM101: Integrated Solid-State Micro-Power Storage Module Pin Characteristics Table 2: D-MPM101 Pin Characteristics Pin Name Characteristics J1-1 GND N/A J1-2 Direct Connection to MEC Negative Terminal. No cell protection is provided at this pin. Voltage, all devices 4.1V max Current, -7, -10 devices 30 mA max Current, -14, -20 devices 60 mA max Minimum Input Power Threshold 120 nW Minimum Input Voltage Threshold MEC voltage (3.9V-4.1V typical) MEC Notes Direct Connection to MEC Positive Terminal. No cell protection is provided at this pin. J2-1 DC CHG J2-2 GND J3-1 AC CHG A J3-2 AC CHG B J5-1 2.1 EN IN High Impedance Input J5-2 2.1 EN OUT Internally Tied to VMEC OUT J5-3 VREG EN IN High Impedance Input Connect/switch to VREG EN OUT to enable VREG OUT J5-4 VREG EN OUT Internally Tied to VMEC OUT Connect/switch to VREG OUT to enable VREG EN OUT J5-5 2.1 RTN Isolated return path for VREG OUT Connect application return to this pin for highest Z out isolation from MEC. Minimizes leakage to application. J5-6 GND N/A J5-7 VREG OUT Regulated MEC Voltage 2.1V - 3.6V J5-8 VMEC OUT 2.1V - 4.1V 0.1 F input capacitance, Schottky diode protected. Direct Connection to MEC Negative Terminal. No cell protection is provided at this pin. N/A Minimum Input Power Threshold 120 nW 0.1 F input capacitance, Schottky bridge isolated from MEC ground. Connect to 2.1 EN OUT to enable 2.1 RTN Connect to 2.1 EN IN to enable 2.1 RTN Direct Connection to MEC negative terminal. No cell protection is provided at this pin. Fixed output. Refer to ordering notes for specific voltage options. Direct connection to the MEC terminals. No output protection is provided. Connector Information In order to connect to the D-MPM101 ports, the following mating connectors may be ordered: Table 3: Connector Description Mfg. Part Number Digi-Key Part Number CONN RCPT SR 2 POS 1.0MM TIN 02SR-3S 455-2183-ND CONN RCPT SR 8 POS 1.0MM TIN 08SR-3S 455-2189-ND DS004 v1.1 October 2009 Preliminary Product Data Sheet www.InfinitePowerSolutions.com 4 INFINERGYTM D-MPM101: Integrated Solid-State Micro-Power Storage Module Typical Configuration X-Ref Target - Figure 2 J5 Solar Panel GND DC CHG + AC IN AC IN 2 1 J2 J3 2.1 EN IN 2.1 EN OUT VREG EN IN VREG EN OUT 2.1 RTN VREG OUT D-MPM101-7A 2 1 Piezo-Electric Energy Harvester 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 GND VCC RF Wireless Sensor Node J1 ds004_02_20090915 Figure 2: D-MPM101 Typical Configuration Figure 2 shows a typical D-MPM101 configuration as it would be used in a wireless sensor node application. Note that the enable pins for the output regulator are connected to switches that disable the outputs of the onboard LDO regulator whenever the host application is not in an active state. sensor nodes. By completely disconnecting the power source from the application and utilizing the energy from the sensors or input devices provided by the sensor or application to trigger the wakeup operation, the application can be sustained in an inactive state for periods of time exceeding five years. By disconnecting the host application completely from the application load, the device can be placed into an "Off/Active" state. The device can be wakened by applying a small amount of energy produced from an external sensor or event such as a radio frequency pulse or impulse from a piezoelectric device or sensor which will initially provide enough energy to momentarily activate the D-MPM101, subsequently activating the host application to service the event. Off/Active operation is a recommended method for operating intermittently active wireless In cases where a watchdog timer, memory backup, or Real Time Clock (RTC) circuit is required to support the application, direct connection to the MEC at J1 can be made. Care must be taken to ensure that the drain rate of the attached load is sufficiently low that the MEC will not be completely discharged before the next recharge period begins, or permanent failure of the D-MPM101 will occur. Please contact IPS for support with Off/Active operation. Detailed Description MEC Configuration The D-MPM101 has the capability to support multiple MECs (Micro Energy Cells) electrically connected in a parallel configuration in order to increase the effective capacity of the D-MPM101. Currently available configurations include one or two MEC devices. MECs are available in two capacity ratings for the D-MPM101: 700 Ah and 1.0 mAh (Ah = Ampere Hour). D-MPM101s with two cell configurations would therefore be available in 1.4 mAh and 2.0 mAh versions. D-MPM101s are not available with mixed values, e.g. 1.7 mAh. Figure 3 shows the relationship between the peak power and capacity of the single and dual MEC options available on the D-MPM101. Additional MECs in excess of the MECs soldered to the underside of the D-MPM101 can be added in parallel to increase the capacity of the DMPM101 by connecting them through the direct connection found at J1. In addition to increasing capacity, adding additional MECs to the D-MPM101 devices also increases the peak output power. Therefore, the D-MPM101-14, a D-MPM101 version with two 700 Ah MECs, would provide twice the output power (twice the current). DS004 v1.1 October 2009 Preliminary Product Data Sheet www.InfinitePowerSolutions.com 5 INFINERGYTM D-MPM101: Integrated Solid-State Micro-Power Storage Module X-Ref Target - Figure 3 D-MPM101 Capacity vs. Power Capacity (uAh) 2500 2000 D-MPM101-20 1500 D-MPM101-14 1000 D-MPM101-10 D-MPM101-7 500 80 160 Peak Power (mW) ds004_03_20090915 Figure 3: D-MPM101 Capacity vs. Peak Power for Single and Dual MEC D-MPM101s Under-Voltage Protection Integrated under-voltage protection is provided by the D-MPM101 and is transparent to the application being powered. The D-MPM101 will automatically shut off the regulated output in any case where the integrated MEC voltage falls below 2.1V, the lower acceptable discharge limit of an IPS MEC. When the MEC is discharged below the 2.1V under-voltage limit, the D-MPM101 will latch the output to an open output state until 4.1V or more is applied to the AC or DC charge input terminals and MEC capacity rises above 20%. Figure 4 describes the timing for the under-voltage output cutoff. X-Ref Target - Figure 4 Charging VMEC VMEC = VREG + 0.3V V2.1 VREG 0V ON 2.1RTN Active trtnoff OFF 60 s t = 6 sec max no ext load tregon 800 s ds004_04_20090913 Figure 4: Under Voltage Output Cutoff Timing As shown in Figure 4, the regulated output VREG OUT and the isolated return line 2.1 RTN are deactivated when the MEC is discharged below the discharge cutoff threshold of DS004 v1.1 October 2009 Preliminary Product Data Sheet 2.1V, completely isolating the application circuit from the regulated output voltage. This reduces leakage current, protecting the MEC from situations where a full discharge www.InfinitePowerSolutions.com 6 INFINERGYTM D-MPM101: Integrated Solid-State Micro-Power Storage Module of the MEC occurs and then is followed by a long stand period without recharge being provided. If the MEC is not isolated from the load following a deep discharge, high leakage currents will cause the MEC to be permanently discharged below the 2.1V threshold, causing permanent damage to the MEC. Using the 2.1 RTN line isolation as the ground or return line to the D-MPM101 from the application will isolate the MEC completely from the application and the inter nal D-MPM101 regulator, allowing the D-MPM101 to remain in a discharged state for extended periods of time--from months to years--without recharge energy being required. The output LDO regulator is also disconnected from the MEC in this case, removing the quiescent current drain from the MEC while the D-MPM101 waits for recharge energy. U p o n re c e i p t o f c h a rg e e ne r gy i n to t he M E C t ha t recharges the MEC to a level above 20%, the VREG OUT LDO regulator and 2.1 RTN line will be reconnected, providing power and ground to the application. An output capacitor on the VREG OUT LDO output will supply energy for some time following shutdown of the D-MPM101 due to a deep discharge. The duration of the output energy supply will depend on the connected load. input capacitor or filter network to sustain sufficiently high input voltages for recharge. X-Ref Target - Figure 5 + J3 1 2 - AC Chg Device 0.1 f MEC 4.1V ds004_05_20090915 Figure 5: Input Network, AC Devices X-Ref Target - Figure 6 J2 1 2 DC Chg Dev ice Energy Harvesting Input 0.1 f A pre-charge energy minimum of 350 nJ of energy is required as a minimum threshold input to initiate charging of the D-MPM101. Energy provided above the initial precharge energy will then be used as recharge energy to the D-MPM101. Pre-charge energy will be present for a period of up to 3 seconds. Since the D-MPM101 does not provide any input boost circuitry, any electrical power supplied at J2 must be at a voltage level above the integrated MEC open circuit voltage that can be measured between pins J1-1 and J1-2. Depending on the state of charge, the MEC connected to the D-MPM101 will typically have an open circuit voltage between 3.9V and 4.1V. Input power must also be limited to less than 150mW. Any connected energy supply devices must be evaluated for peak continuous power. Power levels that exceed 150mW for any extended period of time will cause damage to the D-MPM101 circuits and may permanently damage or destroy the device. Two separate inputs are provided, one for AC input, such as that provided by an unregulated piezoelectric device, and one for DC input, such as that provided by photoelectric cells. The input network for the AC and DC networks are shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 respectively. Typically, applied AC energy harvesting devices include piezoelectric elements or inductively coupled coils designed to gather energy from inductively coupled charge sources. Any AC excitation power greater than the input threshold of 120 nW will allow charging of the MEC to commence. Small or low-impedance (high internal leakage) energy harvesting devices may require an additional DS004 v1.1 October 2009 Preliminary Product Data Sheet MEC 4.1V ds004_06_20090913 Figure 6: Input Network, DC Devices Typically, applied DC energy harvesting devices include photovoltaic cells or thermoelectric generators. No preconditioning of the source energy is required as long as the input power does not exceed 150 mW continuously. Short duration power pulses in excess of 150 mW may be tolerated, but no guarantee is made regarding the duration which power levels exceed the maximum input power level may be withstood by the D-MPM101 electronics before permanent damage occurs to the components or the MEC. Low Drop-Out Regulator The regulated LDO or Low Drop-Out Regulator is provided to supply a constant regulated voltage source. In order to enable the regulated output, pin J5.3 VREG EN IN must be connected to pin J5.4, V REG EN OUT. Additionally, Pin J5.1, 2.1 EN IN must be tied to pin J5.2, 2.1 EN OUT. Figure 7 indicates the timing required to fully power the output LDO regulator at pin J5.7, VREG OUT. www.InfinitePowerSolutions.com 7 INFINERGYTM D-MPM101: Integrated Solid-State Micro-Power Storage Module X-Ref Target - Figure 7 VREG EN OUT VREG EN IN 0V VREG VREG OUT 0V ON 2.1EN IN OFF t2.1RTN tregon 60 s 800 s ds004_07_20090913 Figure 7: Regulator Startup Output Timing As shown in Figure 4, page 6, the output of the LDO regulator will be tied to the output voltage of the MEC. Due to the intrinsic drop out voltage of the regulator, the output of the regulator will always be at least 0.3V under the voltage of the MEC under load. X-Ref Target - Figure 8 J5 Direct Connection to the MEC 2 1 A direct connection to the MEC can be achieved by connecting a load to pins J1.1 and J1.2, MEC+ and GND respectively. By connecting any load or other device to these pins, the internal charge and discharge management and protection systems are completely bypassed. Shorting or over-discharging the MEC integrated into the D-MPM101 will cause damage or permanent failure of the MEC. Additionally, any charge energy applied in excess of the maximum charge voltage of 4.10V will cause an overcharge condition and may damage the MEC. Additional MECs can be added at this port allowing the user to increase the total capacity of the D-MPM101. However, any cells connected to this port must be connected in a parallel configuration as shown in Figure 8. Cells may not be connected in series at this port. D-MPM101 units may be connected in series as long as the charging networks for each D-MPM101 unit are electrically isolated from all other D-MPM101 units, as shown in Figure 9, page 9. DS004 v1.1 October 2009 Preliminary Product Data Sheet J3 D-MPM101-7A 2 1 2 1 J2 MEC1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 MEC2 J1 MECn ds004_08_20090915 Figure 8: Adding Additional Parallel Cells to a D-MPM101 www.InfinitePowerSolutions.com 8 INFINERGYTM D-MPM101: Integrated Solid-State Micro-Power Storage Module X-Ref Target - Figure 9 J5 Solar Panel Piezo-Electric Energy Harvester GND DC CHG + AC IN AC IN 2 1 2 1 J2 J3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 D-MPM101-7A 2 1 USER APPLICATION J1 VCC GND J5 Solar Panel AC IN AC IN 2 1 2 1 J2 J3 D-MPM101-7A 2 1 Piezo-Electric Energy Harvester GND DC CHG + 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 J1 ds004_09_20090915 Figure 9: Series Connection of D-MPM101 Units Package Dimensions* *Dimensions in mm (inches) X-Ref Target - Figure 10 26.67 ( 1.050 ) 25.4 ( 1.000 ) 4.09 ( .161 ) ds004_10_20090913 Figure 10: D-MPM101 Package Dimensions DS004 v1.1 October 2009 Preliminary Product Data Sheet www.InfinitePowerSolutions.com 9 INFINERGYTM D-MPM101: Integrated Solid-State Micro-Power Storage Module Ordering Information The complete IPS part number is as follows: D-MPM 101 - 7 A IPS INFINERGYTM D-MPM Family Regulated VOUT : A = 3.6V B = 3.3V C = 2.7V D = 2.1V Model: 101 = 25.4 mm x 26.7 mm [1.00 in x 1.05 in] Min. Capacity: 20 = 2000 Ah 14 = 1400 Ah 10 = 1000 Ah 07 = 0700 Ah Related Products P/N Description Capacity Current Voltage MEC101 Micro-Energy Cell (25.4 mm x 25.4 mm) 500-1000 Ah 30-40 mA 4V MEC120 Micro-Energy Cell (25.4 mm x 12.7 mm) 200-400 Ah 10-15 mA 4V MEC102 Micro-Energy Cell (25.4 mm x 50.8 mm) 1.2-2.5 mAh 75-100 mA 4V MPM101 Micro Power Module (29.4 mm x 29.4 mm) 700 Ah 30 mA 3.3V (regulated) Available Development Tools P/N Description ADP Application Development Platform (includes three PCB-mounted MEC101 devices. Additional PCB-mounted MEC101 devices can be ordered.) For more information on this and other IPS products, visit the IPS web site, or contact us at 303-749-4800 or info@ipsbatteries.com. Infinite Power Solutions, Inc. 11149 Bradford Road Littleton, Colorado 80127 USA 303-749-4800 www.InfinitePowerSolutions.com DS004 v1.1 October 2009 Preliminary Product Data Sheet www.InfinitePowerSolutions.com 10