ZXBM2004Q16TC - Zetex Semiconductors

SEMICONDUCTORS

DESCRIPTION

The ZXBM2004 is a 2-phase, DC brushless motor pre-driver with PWM

variable speed control suitable for fan and blower motors. The controller is

intended for applications where the fan or blower speed is controlled by an

external PWM signal, thermistor or DC voltage.

FEATURES

•Compliant with external PWM speed control

•Compliant with thermistor control

•Minimum speed setting

•Low noise

•Auto restart

•Built in hall amplifier

•Speed pulse (FG) and lock rotor (RD) outputs

•Up to 18V input voltage (60V with external regulator)

•QSOP16 package

•Lead free product

Associated application notes:-

AN41 - Thermistor control

AN42 - External PWM control

AN43 - Interfacing to the motor windings

APPLICATIONS

•Mainframe and personal computer fans and blowers

•Instrumentation fans

•Central heating blowers

•Automotive climate control

DEVICE MARKING

•ZETEX

ZXBM

2004

ZXBM2004

ISSUE 3 - MAY 2005

VARIABLE SPEED 2-PHASE BLDC MOTOR CONTROLLER

DEVICE REEL SIZE TAPE WIDTH QUANTITY PER REEL

ZXBM2004Q16TC 13" (330mm) 12mm 2,500

ORDERING INFORMATION - QSOP16

QSOP16

ZXBM2004

SEMICONDUCTORS

ISSUE 3 - MAY 2005

PARAMETER SYMBOL LIMITSUNIT

Supply voltage VCCmax -0.6 to 20 V

Input current ICCmax 100 mA

Input voltage VIN max -0.5 to VCC +0.5 V

Output voltage VOUT max -0.5 to VCC +0.5 V

Power dissipation PDmax 500 mW

Operating temp. TOPR -40 to 110 ⬚C

Storage temp. TSTG -55 to 125 ⬚C

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

Power Dissipation

1) Maximum allowable Power Dissipation, PD,

is shown plotted against Ambient Temperature,

TA, in the accompanying Power Derating Curve,

indicating the Safe Operating Area for the device.

2)Power consumed by the device, PT, can be

calculated from the equation:

PT= PQ+ PPh

where PQis power dissipated under quiescent

current conditions, given by:

PQ= VCC x ICC

where VCC is the application

device Supply Voltage

and ICC is the maximum Supply

Current given in the Electrical

Characteristics

and PPh is power generated due to either one of

the phase outputs Ph1 or Ph2 being

active, given by:

PPh = IOL x VOL

where IOL is the application Ph1 and Ph2

output currents

and VOL is the maximum Low Level

Output Voltage for the Ph1 and

Ph2 outputs given in the Electrical

Characteristics

⍜j-a = 112°C/W

ZXBM2004

SEMICONDUCTORS

ISSUE 3 - MAY 2005

PARAMETER SYMBOL MIN TYP MAX UNIT CONDITIONS

Supply Voltage VCC 4.7 18 V

Supply Current ICC 5.5 7.5 mA No Load 1

Hall Amp Input Voltage VIN 40 mV diff p-p

Hall Amp Common Mode Voltage VCM 0.5 Vcc-1.5 V

Hall Amp Input Offset VOFS ±7 mV

Hall Amp Bias Current IBS -400 -710 nA

PH1, PH2 Output High VOH VCC -2.2 VCC -1.8 V IOH =-80mA

PH1, PH2 Output Low VOLA 0.4 0.6 V IOL =16mA 2

PH1, PH2 Output Low VOLB 0.4 0.6 V IOL =50␮A3

PH1, PH2 Output Source Current IOH -80 mA

PH1, PH2 Output Sink Current IOL 16 mA

CPWM Charge Current IPWMC -4.5 -7.85 ␮A

CPWM Discharge Current IPWMD 38 65 ␮A

CPWM High Threshold Voltage VTHH 3V

CPWM Low Threshold Voltage VTHL 1V

PWM Frequency FPWM 24 kHz CPWM = 0.1nF

ThRef Voltage VThReF 2.88 2.96 3.10 V IOThRef =-100␮A

ThRef Output Current IOThRef -1 mA

SMIN Input Current IISMIN -0.25 -0.3 ␮AV

IN = 2V,SPD=open

SPD Voltage Minimum VSPDL 1 V 100% PWM Drive

SPD Voltage Maximum VSPDH 3 V 0% PWM Drive

SPD Input Current IISPD -0.8 -2 ␮AV

IN =2V

CLCK Charge Current ILCKC -2.8 -3.8 ␮A

CLCK Discharge Current ILCKD 0.46 0.54 ␮A

CLCK High Threshold Voltage VTHH 3V

CLCK Low Threshold Voltage VTHL 1V

Lock condition On:Off ratio 1:12

FG & RD Low Level Output Current IOL 5mA

FG & RD Low Level Output Voltage VOL 0.5 V IOL = 5mA

Commutation dead time tCD 7.5 ␮s

Notes:

1. Measured with pins H+, H-, CLCK and CPWM = 0V and all other signal pins open circuit.

2. Measured when opposing Phase Output is Low

3. Measured when opposing Phase Output is High

4. In this datasheet a negative sign for a current indicates current flowing out of the pin whilst no sign indicates current flowing into the pin.

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (at Tamb = 25°C & Vcc = 12V)

ZXBM2004

SEMICONDUCTORS

ISSUE 3 - MAY 2005

Block diagram

SPD

H+

H-

N/C

Gnd

Ph1

CPWM

CLCK

ZXBM2004

QSOP16

V+OP

Vcc

ThRef

SMIN

N/C

Ph2

Pin assignments

PIN FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

H+ - Hall input

H- - Hall input

Therotor positionis detectedby aHall sensor,with the

outputappliedtotheH+andH-pins.Thissensorcanbe

eithera4 pin'naked'Halldevice orofthe3 pinbuffered

switching type. For a 4 pin device the differential Hall

output signal is connected to the H+ and H- pins. For a

buffered Hall sensor the Hall device output is attached

to the H+ pin, with a pull-up attached if needed, whilst

the H- pin has an external potential divider attached to

hold the pin at half Vcc. When H+ is high in relation to

H-, Ph2 is the active drive.

ThRef - Network Reference

Thisis areference voltageof nominal3V. Itis designed

for the ability to 'source' and therefore it will not 'sink'

any current from a higher voltage.

Thecurrent drawnfrom thepin bythe minimumspeed

potential divider to pin SMIN and any voltage setting

network should not exceed 1mA in total at maximum

temperature.

SPD - Speed Control Input

The voltage applied to the SPD pin provides control

over the Fan Motor speed by varying the Pulse Width

Modulated (PWM) drive ratio at the Ph1Lo and Ph2Lo

outputs. The control signal takes the form of a voltage

input of range 3V to 1V, representing 0% to 100% drive

respectively.

If variable speed control is not required this pin can be

left with an external potential divider to set a fixed

speed or tied to ground to provide full speed i.e. 100%

PWM drive.

If required this pin can also be used as an enable pin.

The application of a voltage >3.0V will force the PWM

drive fully off, in effect disabling the drive.

SMIN - Sets Minimum Speed

A voltage can be set on this pin via a potential divider

between the ThRef and Gnd. This voltage is monitored

by the SPD pin such that it cannot rise above it. As a

highervoltageontheSPDpinrepresentsalowerspeed

itthereforerestricts thelower speedrangeof thefan. If

thisfeatureisnotrequiredthepinislefttiedtoThRefso

no minimum speed will be set.

If the fan is being controlled from an external voltage

source onto the SPD pin then either this feature should

not be used or if it is required then a >1k⍀resistor

should be placed in series with the SPD pin.

CPWM - Sets PWM Frequency

This pin has an external capacitor attached to set the

PWM frequency for the Phase drive outputs. A

capacitor value of 0.1nF will provide a PWM frequency

of typically 24kHz.

The CPWM timing period (TPWM) is determined by the

following equation:

TVVxC

IVVxC

PWM THH THL

PWMC

THH THL

PWMD

−

−()()

Where: C = CPWM +15, in pF

VTHH and VTHL are the CPWM pin

threshold voltages

IPWMC and IPWMD are the charge and

discharge currents in ␮A.

TPWM is in ms

ZXBM2004

SEMICONDUCTORS

ISSUE 3 - MAY 2005

Asthese thresholdvoltagesare nominallysetto VTHH =

3V and VTHL = 1V the equations can be simplified as

follows:

PWM PWMC PWMD

CLCK - Locked rotor timing capacitor

Should the fan stop rotating for any reason, i.e. an

obstruction in the fan blade or a seized bearing, then

the device will enter a Rotor Locked condition. In this

conditionafterapredeterminedtime(TLOCK)theRDpin

will go high and the Phase outputs will be disabled.

After a further delay (TOFF) the controller will re-enable

thePhase drivefor adefinedperiod (TON)in anattempt

to re-start the fan. This cycle of (TOFF) and (TON) will be

repeated indefinitely or until the fan re-starts.

GND - Ground

This is the device supply ground return pin and will

generally be the most negative supply pin to the fan.

RD - Locked Rotor error output

This pin is the Locked Rotor output as referred to in the

CLCK timing section above. It is high when the rotor is

stopped and low when it is running.

This is an open collector drive giving an active pull

downwith thehighlevel beingprovidedbyanexternal

pull up resistor.

FG - Frequency Generator (speed) output

This is the Frequency Generator output and is a

buffered signal from the Hall sensor.

This is an open collector drive giving an active pull

downwith thehighlevel beingprovidedbyanexternal

pull up resistor.

Ph1Lo & Ph2Lo - Driver

This pair of outputs drive the external devices. These

outputs provide both the commutation and PWM

waveforms. The outputs are of the Darlington emitter

follower type with an active pull-down to help faster

switch off when using bipolar devices. When in the

high state the outputs will provide up to 80mA of drive

into the base or gates of external transistors as shown

in the Typical Application circuit following.

When in the low state the active Phase drive is capable

of sinking up to 16mA when driving low to aid turn off

times during PWM operation. When the Phase is

inactivethe outputis heldlow byan internalpull-down

resistor.

V+OP - Phase Outputs Supply Voltage

This pin is the supply to the Phase outputs and will be

connected differently dependant upon external

transistor type.

For bipolar devices this pin will be connected by a

resistor to the VCC pin. The resistor is used to control

the current into the transistor base so its value is

chosen accordingly.

ForMOSFET devicesthepin willconnectdirectlytothe

VCC pin.

ZXBM2004

SEMICONDUCTORS

ISSUE 3 - MAY 2005

VCC - Applied Voltage

This is the device internal circuitry supply voltage. For

5V to 12V fans this can be supplied directly from the

FanMotorsupply.Forfans likelyto runin excessof the

18V maximum rating for the device this will be

supplied from an external regulator such as a Zener

diode.

RD Timing Waveform:

Applications Information

The ZXBM2004 is primarily controlled by a voltage on

theSPD pin.Avoltage of1Vrepresentsa100%PWMat

thePhase Outputsand inturn representsfull speed.3V

on the SPD pin conversely represents 0% PWM. The

motorcan thereforebecontrolledsimplybyapplyinga

control voltage onto the SPD pin with the minimal use

of external components.

This voltage control method easily lends itself to

control by other signal types. For example if a

thermistor is applied to the SPD pin a varying voltage

canbegeneratedattheSPD pinastheresistance ofthe

thermistor varies with temperature.

A common form of control of fans is by a PWM signal

derived from a central processor or controller. This

signal can be converted into a voltage and that voltage

adjusted as neccesary to compensate for motor none

linearity, inclusion of the Minimum speed feature etc.

Full applications details and further examples of how

to control the ZXBM2004 are available in the

Applications Notes AN41, AN42 and AN43.

SEMICONDUCTORS

ISSUE 3 - MAY 2005

ZXBM2004

TLock TOff TOn

Hall

CLCK

VTHH

VTHL

SEMICONDUCTORS

ISSUE 3 - MAY 2005

ZXBM2004

Figure 1: 12V Typical circuit for thermistor controlled speed

Figure 2: Typical circuit for external PWM controlled speed (single MOSFET)

SEMICONDUCTORS

ISSUE 3 - MAY 2005

ZXBM2004

Figure 3: Typical circuit for 48V input and external PWM control

Figure 4: Typical circuit for constant speed operation

Drive transisitors

Zetexoffers arangeofdevicesthat areideally suitedto

interface between the ZXBM2004 controller and the

motor. The following tables show a selection of

products. If your needs are not covered by this

selection then please refer to the the more

comprehensive listings that can be found on the Zetex

website: www.zetex.com

SEMICONDUCTORS

ISSUE 3 - MAY 2005

ZXBM2004

Part Number Polarity BVDSS

VID

ARDS(on) @V

GS =10 Package

ZXMN10A09K N 100 7.7 0.085 DPAK

ZXMN10A11G N 100 2.4 0.35 SOT223

ZXMN10A08DN8 2 x N 100 2.1 0.25 SO8

ZXMN10A07Z N 100 1.4 0.7 SOT89

ZXMN6A09K N 60 11.2 0.045 DPAK

ZXMN6A25DN8 2 x N 60 4.7 0.055 SO8

ZXMN6A11Z N 60 3.2 0.14 SOT89

ZXMN6A07Z N 60 2.2 0.3 SOT89

MOSFETs

Part Number Polarity VCEO

VIC

AVCE(sat) @I

C/IB

mV@A/mA Package

FZT855 NPN 150 4 65 @ 0.5/50 SOT223

FMMT624 NPN 125 1 150 @ 0.5/50 SOT23

ZX5T853G NPN 100 6 125 @ 2/100 SOT223

FCX493 NPN 100 1 300 @ 0.5/50 SOT89

FCX1053A NPN 75 3 200 @ 1/10 SOT89

ZX5T851G NPN 60 6 135 @ 2/50 SOT223

FCX493A NPN 60 1 500 @ 1/50 SOT89

FCX619 NPN 50 3 260 @ 2/50 SOT89

FMMT619 NPN 50 2 220 @ 2/50 SOT23

Bipolar Transistors

Notes:

SEMICONDUCTORS

ISSUE 3 - MAY 2005

ZXBM2004

SEMICONDUCTORS

ISSUE 3 - MAY 2005

Europe

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D-81673 München

Germany

Telefon: (49) 89 45 49 49 0

Fax: (49) 89 45 49 49 49

europe.sales@zetex.com

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Hauppauge, NY 11788

USA

Telephone: (1) 631 360 2222

Fax: (1) 631 360 8222

usa.sales@zetex.com

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Hing Fong Road, Kwai Fong

Hong Kong

Telephone: (852) 26100 611

Fax: (852) 24250 494

asia.sales@zetex.com

Corporate Headquaters

Zetex Semiconductors plc

Zetex Technology Park,

Chadderton, Oldham, OL9 9LL

United Kingdom

Telephone (44) 161 622 4444

Fax: (44) 161 622 4446

hq@zetex.com

These offices are supported by agents and distributors in major countries world-wide.

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For the latest product information, log on to www.zetex.com

ZXBM2004

Note: Dimensions in inches are control dimensions, dimensions in millimeters are approximate.

Dim Inches Millimeters

Min. Max. Min. Max.

A 0.053 0.069 1.35 1.75

A1 0.004 0.010 0.10 0.25

A2 0.049 0.059 1.25 1.50

D 0.189 0.197 4.80 5.00

ZD 0.009 Ref 0.23 BSC

E 0.228 0.244 5.79 6.20

E1 0.150 0.157 3.81 3.99

L0.016 0.050 0.41 1.27

e 0.025 BSC 0.64 BSC

b 0.008 0.012 0.20 0.30

c 0.007 0.010 0.18 0.25

θ0° 8° 0° 8°

h 0.010 0.020 0.25 0.50

PACKAGE DIMENSIONSPACKAGE OUTLINE QSOP16