LM2717MT - National Semiconductor

LM2717

LM2717 Dual Step-Down DC/DC Converter

Literature Number: SNVS253C

March 4, 2008

LM2717

Dual Step-Down DC/DC Converter

General Description

The LM2717 is composed of two PWM DC/DC buck (step-

down) converters. The first converter is used to generate a

fixed output voltage of 3.3V. The second converter is used to

generate an adjustable output voltage. Both converters fea-

ture low RDSON (0.16Ω) internal switches for maximum effi-

ciency. Operating frequency can be adjusted anywhere

between 300kHz and 600kHz allowing the use of small ex-

ternal components. External soft-start pins for each enables

the user to tailor the soft-start times to a specific application.

Each converter may also be shut down independently with its

own shutdown pin. The LM2717 is available in a low profile

24-lead TSSOP package ensuring a low profile overall solu-

tion.

Features

■Fixed 3.3V output buck converter with a 2.2A, 0.16Ω,

internal switch

■Adjustable buck converter with a 3.2A, 0.16Ω, internal

switch

■Operating input voltage range of 4V to 20V

■Input undervoltage protection

■300kHz to 600kHz pin adjustable operating frequency

■Over temperature protection

■Small 24-Lead TSSOP package

Applications

■TFT-LCD Displays

■Handheld Devices

■Portable Applications

■Laptop Computers

Typical Application Circuit

20078501

LM2717 Dual Step-Down DC/DC Converter

Connection Diagram

Top View

20078504

24-Lead TSSOP

Ordering Information

Order Number Spec Package Type NSC Package Drawing Supplied As

LM2717MT TSSOP-24 MTC24 61 Units, Rail

LM2717MTX TSSOP-24 MTC24 2500 Units, Tape and Reel

LM2717MT NOPB TSSOP-24 MTC24 61 Units, Rail

LM2717MTX NOPB TSSOP-24 MTC24 2500 Units, Tape and Reel

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LM2717

Pin Descriptions

Pin Name Function

1 PGND Power ground. PGND and AGND pins must be connected together directly at the part.

2 PGND Power ground. PGND and AGND pins must be connected together directly at the part.

3 AGND Analog ground. PGND and AGND pins must be connected together directly at the part.

4 FB1 Fixed buck output voltage feedback input.

5 VC1 Fixed buck compensation network connection. Connected to the output of the voltage error

amplifier.

6 VBG Bandgap connection.

7 VC2 Adjustable buck compensation network connection. Connected to the output of the voltage error

amplifier.

8 FB2 Adjustable buck output voltage feedback input.

9 AGND Analog ground. PGND and AGND pins must be connected together directly at the part.

10 AGND Analog ground. PGND and AGND pins must be connected together directly at the part.

11 PGND Power ground. PGND and AGND pins must be connected together directly at the part.

12 PGND Power ground. PGND and AGND pins must be connected together directly at the part.

13 SW2 Adjustable buck power switch input. Switch connected between VIN pins and SW2 pin.

14 VIN Analog power input. VIN pins should be connected together directly at the part.

15 VIN Analog power input. VIN pins should be connected together directly at the part.

16 CB2 Adjustable buck converter bootstrap capacitor connection.

17 SHDN2 Shutdown pin for adjustable buck converter. Active low.

18 SS2 Adjustable buck soft start pin.

19 FSLCT Switching frequency select input. Use a resistor to set the frequency anywhere between 300kHz

and 600kHz.

20 SS1 Fixed buck soft start pin.

21 SHDN1 Shutdown pin for fixed buck converter. Active low.

22 CB1 Fixed buck converter bootstrap capacitor connection.

23 VIN Analog power input. VIN pins should be connected together directly at the part.

24 SW1 Fixed buck power switch input. Switch connected between VIN pins and SW1 pin.

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LM2717

Block Diagram

20078503

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LM2717

Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)

If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,

please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/

Distributors for availability and specifications.

VIN −0.3V to 22V

SW1 Voltage −0.3V to 22V

SW2 Voltage −0.3V to 22V

FB1, FB2 Voltages −0.3V to 7V

CB1, CB2 Voltages −0.3V to VIN+7V

(VIN=VSW)

VC1 Voltage 1.75V ≤ VC1 ≤ 2.25V

VC2 Voltage 0.965V ≤ VC2 ≤ 1.565V

SHDN1 Voltage −0.3V to 7.5V

SHDN2 Voltage −0.3V to 7.5V

SS1 Voltage −0.3V to 2.1V

SS2 Voltage −0.3V to 2.1V

FSLCT Voltage AGND to 5V

Maximum Junction Temperature 150°C

Power Dissipation(Note 2) Internally Limited

Lead Temperature 300°C

Vapor Phase (60 sec.) 215°C

Infrared (15 sec.) 220°C

ESD Susceptibility (Note 3)

Human Body Model 2kV

Operating Conditions

Operating Junction

Temperature Range

(Note 4) −40°C to +125°C

Storage Temperature −65°C to +150°C

Supply Voltage 4V to 20V

SW1 Voltage 20V

SW2 Voltage 20V

Electrical Characteristics

Specifications in standard type face are for TJ = 25°C and those with boldface type apply over the full Operating Temperature

Range (TJ = −40°C to +125°C). VIN = 5V, IL = 0A, and FSW = 300kHz unless otherwise specified.

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min

(Note 4)

Typ

(Note 5)

Max

(Note 4) Units

IQTotal Quiescent Current (both

switchers)

Not Switching 2.7 6mA

Switching, switch open 6 12 mA

VSHDN = 0V 9 27 µA

VFB1 Fixed Buck Feedback Voltage 3.3 V

VFB2 Adjustable Buck Feedback

Voltage

1.267 V

ICL1(Note 6) Fixed Buck Switch Current

Limit

VIN = 8V (Note 7) 2.2 A

ICL2(Note 6) Adjustable Buck Switch

Current Limit

VIN = 8V (Note 7) 3.2 A

IB1 Fixed Buck FB Pin Bias

Current

(Note 8)

VIN = 20V

65 µA

IB2 Adjustable Buck FB Pin Bias

Current

(Note 8)

VIN = 20V

65 nA

VIN Input Voltage Range 4 20 V

gm1 Fixed Buck Error Amp

Transconductance

ΔI = 20µA 1340 µmho

gm2 Adjustable Buck Error Amp

Transconductance

ΔI = 20µA 1360 µmho

AV1 Fixed Buck Error Amp Voltage

Gain

134 V/V

AV2 Adjustable Buck Error Amp

Voltage Gain

136 V/V

DMAX Maximum Duty Cycle 89 93 %

FSW Switching Frequency RF = 46.4k 200 300 400 kHz

RF = 22.6k 475 600 775 kHz

ISHDN1 Fixed Buck Shutdown Pin

Current

0V < VSHDN1 < 7.5V −5 5µA

ISHDN2 Adjustable Buck Shutdown Pin

Current

0V < VSHDN2 < 7.5V −5 5µA

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LM2717

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min

(Note 4)

Typ

(Note 5)

Max

(Note 4) Units

IL1 Fixed Buck Switch Leakage

Current

VIN = 20V 0.01 5µA

IL2 Adjustable Buck Switch

Leakage Current

VIN = 20V 0.01 5µA

RDSON1 Fixed Buck Switch RDSON

(Note 9)

160 mΩ

RDSON2 Adjustable Buck Switch

RDSON (Note 9)

160 mΩ

ThSHDN1 Fixed Buck SHDN Threshold Output High 1.8 1.36 V

Output Low 1.33 0.7

ThSHDN2 Adjustable Buck SHDN

Threshold

Output High 1.8 1.36 V

Output Low 1.33 0.7

ISS1 Fixed Buck Soft Start Pin

Current

4915 µA

ISS2 Adjustable Buck Soft Start Pin

Current

4915 µA

UVP On Threshold 43.8 V

Off Threshold 3.6 3.3

θJA Thermal Resistance

(Note 10)

TSSOP, package only 115 °C/W

Note 1: Absolute maximum ratings are limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings are conditions for which the device is intended

to be functional, but device parameter specifications may not be guaranteed. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics.

Note 2: The maximum allowable power dissipation is a function of the maximum junction temperature, TJ(MAX), the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance,

θJA, and the ambient temperature, TA. See the Electrical Characteristics table for the thermal resistance. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient

temperature is calculated using: PD (MAX) = (TJ(MAX) − TA)/θJA. Exceeding the maximum allowable power dissipation will cause excessive die temperature, and

the regulator will go into thermal shutdown.

Note 3: The human body model is a 100 pF capacitor discharged through a 1.5kΩ resistor into each pin.

Note 4: All limits guaranteed at room temperature (standard typeface) and at temperature extremes (bold typeface). All room temperature limits are 100% tested

or guaranteed through statistical analysis. All limits at temperature extremes are guaranteed via correlation using standard Statistical Quality Control (SQC)

methods. All limits are used to calculate Average Outgoing Quality Level (AOQL).

Note 5: Typical numbers are at 25°C and represent the most likely norm.

Note 6: Duty cycle affects current limit due to ramp generator.

Note 7: Current limit at 0% duty cycle. See TYPICAL PERFORMANCE section for Switch Current Limit vs. VIN

Note 8: Bias current flows into FB pin.

Note 9: Includes the bond wires, RDSON from VIN pin(s) to SW pin.

Note 10: Refer to National's packaging website for more detailed thermal information and mounting techniques for the TSSOP package.

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LM2717

Typical Performance Characteristics

Shutdown IQ vs. Input Voltage

20078560

Switching IQ vs. Input Voltage

(FSW = 300kHz)

20078561

Switching Frequency vs. Input Voltage

(FSW = 300kHz)

20078562

Fixed Buck RDS(ON) vs. Input Voltage

20078563

Adjustable Buck RDS(ON) vs. Input Voltage

20078564

Fixed Buck Efficiency vs. Load Current

20078565

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LM2717

Adjustable Buck Efficiency vs. Load Current

(VOUT = 15V)

20078566

Adjustable Buck Efficiency vs. Load Current

(VOUT = 5V)

20078567

Fixed Buck Switch Current Limt vs. Input Voltage

20078568

Adjustable Buck Switch Current Limt vs. Input Voltage

(VOUT = 5V)

20078569

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LM2717

Buck Operation

PROTECTION (BOTH REGULATORS)

The LM2717 has dedicated protection circuitry running during

normal operation to protect the IC. The Thermal Shutdown

circuitry turns off the power devices when the die temperature

reaches excessive levels. The UVP comparator protects the

power devices during supply power startup and shutdown to

prevent operation at voltages less than the minimum input

voltage. The OVP comparator is used to prevent the output

voltage from rising at no loads allowing full PWM operation

over all load conditions. The LM2717 also features a shut-

down mode for each converter decreasing the supply current

to approximately 10µA (both in shutdown mode).

CONTINUOUS CONDUCTION MODE

The LM2717 contains current-mode, PWM buck regulators.

A buck regulator steps the input voltage down to a lower out-

put voltage. In continuous conduction mode (when the induc-

tor current never reaches zero at steady state), the buck

regulator operates in two cycles. The power switch is con-

nected between VIN and SW1 and SW2.

In the first cycle of operation the transistor is closed and the

diode is reverse biased. Energy is collected in the inductor

and the load current is supplied by COUT and the rising current

through the inductor.

During the second cycle the transistor is open and the diode

is forward biased due to the fact that the inductor current can-

not instantaneously change direction. The energy stored in

the inductor is transferred to the load and output capacitor.

The ratio of these two cycles determines the output voltage.

The output voltage is defined approximately as:

where D is the duty cycle of the switch, D and D′ will be re-

quired for design calculations.

DESIGN PROCEDURE

This section presents guidelines for selecting external com-

ponents.

SETTING THE OUTPUT VOLTAGE (ADJUSTABLE

REGULATOR)

The output voltage is set using the feedback pin and a resistor

divider connected to the output as shown in Figure 1. The

feedback pin voltage is 1.26V, so the ratio of the feedback

resistors sets the output voltage according to the following

equation:

INPUT CAPACITOR

A low ESR aluminum, tantalum, or ceramic capacitor is need-

ed betwen the input pin and power ground. This capacitor

prevents large voltage transients from appearing at the input.

The capacitor is selected based on the RMS current and volt-

age requirements. The RMS current is given by:

The RMS current reaches its maximum (IOUT/2) when

VIN equals 2VOUT. This value should be calculated for both

regulators and added to give a total RMS current rating. For

an aluminum or ceramic capacitor, the voltage rating should

be at least 25% higher than the maximum input voltage. If a

tantalum capacitor is used, the voltage rating required is

about twice the maximum input voltage. The tantalum capac-

itor should be surge current tested by the manufacturer to

prevent being shorted by the inrush current. The minimum

capacitor value should be 47µF for lower output load current

applications and less dynamic (quickly changing) load condi-

tions. For higher output current applications or dynamic load

conditions a 68µF to 100µF low ESR capacitor is recom-

mended. It is also recommended to put a small ceramic

capacitor (0.1µF to 4.7µF) between the input pins and ground

to reduce high frequency spikes.

INDUCTOR SELECTION

The most critical parameters for the inductor are the induc-

tance, peak current and the DC resistance. The inductance is

related to the peak-to-peak inductor ripple current, the input

and the output voltages (for 300kHz operation):

A higher value of ripple current reduces inductance, but in-

creases the conductance loss, core loss, and current stress

for the inductor and switch devices. It also requires a bigger

output capacitor for the same output voltage ripple require-

ment. A reasonable value is setting the ripple current to be

30% of the DC output current. Since the ripple current in-

creases with the input voltage, the maximum input voltage is

always used to determine the inductance. The DC resistance

of the inductor is a key parameter for the efficiency. Lower DC

resistance is available with a bigger winding area. A good

tradeoff between the efficiency and the core size is letting the

inductor copper loss equal 2% of the output power.

OUTPUT CAPACITOR

The selection of COUT is driven by the maximum allowable

output voltage ripple. The output ripple in the constant fre-

quency, PWM mode is approximated by:

The ESR term usually plays the dominant role in determining

the voltage ripple. Low ESR ceramic, aluminum electrolytic,

or tantalum capacitors (such as Taiyo Yuden MLCC, Nichicon

PL series, Sanyo OS-CON, Sprague 593D, 594D, AVX TPS,

and CDE polymer aluminum) is recommended. An electrolytic

capacitor is not recommended for temperatures below −25°C

since its ESR rises dramatically at cold temperature. Ceramic

or tantalum capacitors have much better ESR specifications

at cold temperature and is preferred for low temperature ap-

plications.

BOOTSTRAP CAPACITOR

A 4.7nF ceramic capacitor or larger is recommended for the

bootstrap capacitor. For applications where the input voltage

is less than twice the output voltage a larger capacitor is rec-

ommended, generally 0.1µF to 1µF to ensure plenty of gate

drive for the internal switches and a consistently low RDS

(ON).

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LM2717

SOFT-START CAPACITOR (BOTH REGULATORS)

The LM2717 does not contain internal soft-start which allows

for fast startup time but also causes high inrush current.

Therefore for applications that need reduced inrush current

the LM2717 has circuitry that is used to limit the inrush current

on start-up of the DC/DC switching regulators. This inrush

current limiting circuitry serves as a soft-start. The external

SS pins are used to tailor the soft-start for a specific applica-

tion. A current (ISS) charges the external soft-start capacitor,

CSS. The soft-start time can be estimated as:

TSS = CSS*0.6V/ISS

When programming the softstart time simply use the equation

given in the Soft-Start Capacitor section above.

SHUTDOWN OPERATION (BOTH REGULATORS)

The shutdown pins of the LM2717 are designed so that they

may be controlled using 1.8V or higher logic signals. If the

shutdown function is not to be used the pin may be left open.

The maximum voltage to the shutdown pin should not exceed

7.5V. If the use of a higher voltage is desired due to system

or other constraints it may be used, however a 100k or larger

resistor is recommended between the applied voltage and the

shutdown pin to protect the device.

SCHOTTKY DIODE

The breakdown voltage rating of D1 and D2 is preferred to be

25% higher than the maximum input voltage. The current rat-

ing for the diode should be equal to the maximum output

current for best reliability in most applications. In cases where

the input voltage is much greater than the output voltage the

average diode current is lower. In this case it is possible to

use a diode with a lower average current rating, approximate-

ly (1-D)*IOUT however the peak current rating should be higher

than the maximum load current.

LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS

The LM2717 uses two separate ground connections, PGND

for the drivers and boost NMOS power device and AGND for

the sensitive analog control circuitry. The AGND and PGND

pins should be tied directly together at the package. The feed-

back and compensation networks should be connected di-

rectly to a dedicated analog ground plane and this ground

plane must connect to the AGND pin. If no analog ground

plane is available then the ground connections of the feed-

back and compensation networks must tie directly to the

AGND pin. Connecting these networks to the PGND can in-

ject noise into the system and effect performance.

The input bypass capacitor CIN, as shown in Figure 1, must

be placed close to the IC. This will reduce copper trace re-

sistance which effects input voltage ripple of the IC. For

additional input voltage filtering, a 0.1µF to 4.7µF bypass ca-

pacitors can be placed in parallel with CIN, close to the VIN

pins to shunt any high frequency noise to ground. The output

capacitors, COUT1 and COUT2, should also be placed close to

the IC. Any copper trace connections for the COUTX capacitors

can increase the series resistance, which directly effects out-

put voltage ripple. The feedback network, resistors RFB1 and

RFB2, should be kept close to the FB pin, and away from the

inductor to minimize copper trace connections that can inject

noise into the system. Trace connections made to the induc-

tors and schottky diodes should be minimized to reduce pow-

er dissipation and increase overall efficiency. For more detail

on switching power supply layout considerations see Appli-

cation Note AN-1149: Layout Guidelines for Switching Power

Supplies.

Application Information

Some Recommended Inductors (Others May Be Used)

Manufacturer Inductor Contact Information

Coilcraft DO3316 and DO5022 series www.coilcraft.com

Coiltronics DRQ73 and CD1 series www.cooperet.com

Pulse P0751 and P0762 series www.pulseeng.com

Sumida CDRH8D28 and CDRH8D43 series www.sumida.com

Some Recommended Input And Output Capacitors (Others May Be Used)

Manufacturer Capacitor Contact Information

Vishay Sprague 293D, 592D, and 595D series tantalum www.vishay.com

Taiyo Yuden High capacitance MLCC ceramic www.t-yuden.com

Cornell Dubilier ESRD seriec Polymer Aluminum Electrolytic

SPV and AFK series V-chip series www.cde.com

Panasonic High capacitance MLCC ceramic

EEJ-L series tantalum www.panasonic.com

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LM2717

20078558

FIGURE 1. 15V, 3.3V Output Application

20078559

FIGURE 2. 5V, 3.3V Output Application

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LM2717

Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted

TSSOP-24 Pin Package (MTC)

For Ordering, Refer to Ordering Information Table

NS Package Number MTC24

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LM2717

Notes

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LM2717

Notes

LM2717 Dual Step-Down DC/DC Converter

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