AP1501A 150kHz, 5A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Description Pin Assignments The AP1501A series are monolithic ICs that are designed for a stepdown DC/DC converter, and possess the ability to drive a 5A load without additional transistor component. Due to reducing the number of external component, the board space can be saved easily. The external shutdown function can be controlled by logic level and then come into standby mode. The internal compensation makes feedback control have good line and load regulation without external design. Regarding protected function, thermal shutdown is to prevent over temperature operating from damage, and current limit is against over current operating of the output switch. The AP1501A series operates at a switching frequency of 150kHz thus allowing smaller sized filter components than what would be needed with lower frequency switching regulators. Other features include a guaranteed 4% tolerance on output voltage under specified input voltage and output load conditions, and 15% on the oscillator frequency. The output version includes fixed 3.3V, 5V, 12V and an adjustable type. The packages are available in a standard 5-lead TO263-5, TO220-5 and TO220-5 (R) packages. (Top View) 5 SD 4 FB 3 Gnd 2 Output 1 VIN Metal Tab GND TO263-5 (Top View) 5 SD 4 FB 3 Gnd 2 Output 1 VIN Features TO220-5/TO220-5 (R) Output Voltage: 3.3V, 5V, 12V and Adjustable Output Version Adjustable Version Output Voltage Range, 1.23V to 37V4% 150kHz 15% Fixed Switching Frequency Voltage Mode Non-synchronous PWM Control Thermal-shutdown and Current-limit Protection ON/OFF Shutdown Control Input Operating voltage can be up to 40V Output Load Current: 5A Low power Standby Mode Built-in Switching Transistor On Chip Totally Lead-Free & Fully RoHS Compliant (Notes 1 & 2) Halogen and Antimony Free. `'Green'' Devices (Note 3) Notes: Applications Simple High-efficiency Step-down Regulator On-card Switching Regulators Positive to Negative Converter 1. No purposely added lead. Fully EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS) & 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) compliant. 2. See http://www.diodes.com/quality/lead_free.html for more information about Diodes Incorporated's definitions of Halogen- and Antimony-free,"Green" and Lead-free. 3. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green" products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total Br + Cl) and <1000ppm antimony compounds. AP1501A Document number: DS31191 Rev. 11 - 2 1 of 13 www.diodes.com December 2017 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A Typical Applications Circuit (1) Fixed Type Circuit FB 12V DC Input L1 18uH 4 Vin AP1501A 2 -33 1 5 3.3V/5A Output Load Inductor 3 SD Cin Capacitor Output Gnd D1 Schottky Diode Co Capacitor (2) Adjustable Type Circuit R1 R2 FB 12V DC Input L1 22uH 4 Vin 1 AP1501A 2 5 5V/ 5A Output Load 3 SD Cin Capacitor Output Gnd D1 Schottky Diode Co Capacitor VOUT = VFB (1 + R1 ) R2 VFB = 1.23V R2 = 1k to 3k (3) Delay Start Circuit R2 R1 FB 12V DC Input Vin Cin Capacitor AP1501A Document number: DS31191 Rev. 11 - 2 L1 22uH 4 CDELAY 0.1uF 1 AP1501A 2 5 Output 5V/ 5A Output Load 3 SD RDELAY 10K Gnd D1 Schottky Diode 2 of 13 www.diodes.com Co Capacitor December 2017 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A Pin Descriptions Pin Number Pin Name 1 VIN Description 2 Output 3 Gnd Ground 4 FB Output voltage feedback control 5 SD ON/OFF shutdown Operating voltage input Switching output Functional Block Diagram SD VIN 200mV Current Source bias 1.235V Reference 2.5V Regulator 220mV Start up + Comp _ _ Comp + Freq. Compensation _ + Amp _ FB Comp + 5A Switch Pre-driver Output 150kHz OSC. Thermal Shutdown Gnd Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol ESD MM Parameter Rating Unit Machine Model ESD Protection 400 V VCC Supply Voltage +45 V VSD SD Pin Input Voltage -0.3 to +40 V VFB FB Pin Voltage -0.3 to +40 V VOUT Output Voltage to Ground -1 V Internally Limited W PD Power Dissipation TST Storage Temperature -65 to +150 C TJ Operating Junction Temperature -20 to +125 C AP1501A Document number: DS31191 Rev. 11 - 2 3 of 13 www.diodes.com December 2017 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A Recommended Operating Conditions Symbol VOP Parameter Operating Voltage Operating Ambient Temperature TA Rating Unit 4.5 to 40 V -20 to +85 C Electrical Characteristics (All Output Voltage Versions) Unless otherwise specified, VIN = 12V for 3.3V, 5V, adjustable version and VIN = 24V for the 12V version. ILOAD = 0.5A. Specifications with boldface type are for full operating temperature range, the other type are for TJ = +25C. Symbol Parameter Conditions Feedback Bias Current VFB = 1.3V (Adjustable version only) fOSC Oscillator Frequency -- VSAT Saturation Voltage Max. Duty Cycle (ON) IFB DC ICL 150 173 110 -- 173 IOUT = 5A No outside circuit VFB = 0V force driver on -- 1.5 VFB = 0V force driver on kHz 1.6 1.7 V -- -- Current Limit 5.5 6.0 -- -- 200 A -- 2 60 mA -- 5 10 mA SD Pin Logic Input Current SD Pin Input Current VFB = 12V force driver off % 6.5 7.5 250 SD pin = 5V VIN = 40V -- Low (regulator ON) -- High (regulator OFF) 2.0 VLOGIC = 2.5V (OFF) -- 15 25 VLOGIC = 0.5V (ON) -- 0.02 5 150 300 A A 0.6 1.3 -- JA Thermal Resistance Junction-toAmbient TO263-5 (Note 5) -- 37 -- TO220-5(R) (Note 5) -- 31 -- JC Thermal Resistance Junction-to-Case TO263-5 (Note 5) -- 6 -- TO220-5(R) (Note 5) -- 5 -- Notes: nA 0 SD Pin Logic Input Threshold Voltage IL 127 100 100 VIL IH 40 Unit -- Standby Quiescent Current VIH 60 -- VFB = 12V force driver off Peak current No outside circuit VFB = 0 force driver on No outside circuit Output Leakage VFB = 12V force driver off (Note 4) Current VIN = 40V Quiescent Current ISTBY Max -- Output = -1V IQ Typ Min. Duty Cycle (OFF) Output = 0V IL Min V A C/W C/W 4. FB pin removed from output and connected to 0V to force the output transistor switch ON. FB pin removed from output and connected to 12V for the 3.3V, 5V, and the ADJ. version, and 15V for the 12V version, to force the output transistor switch OFF. 5. Test condition: Device mounted with copper area of approximately 3inch2, 1oz, no air flow. AP1501A Document number: DS31191 Rev. 11 - 2 4 of 13 www.diodes.com December 2017 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A Electrical Characteristics (Cont.) Specifications with boldface type are for full operating temperature range, the other type are for T J = +25C. Symbol AP1501A-ADJ VFB AP1501A-3.3V AP1501A-5V AP1501A-12V Parameter Efficiency VOUT Output Voltage Efficiency VOUT Output Voltage Efficiency VOUT Output Voltage Efficiency AP1501A Document number: DS31191 Rev. 11 - 2 Conditions 5V < VIN < 40V Output Feedback 0.2A < ILOAD < 5A VOUT programmed for 3V VIN = 12V, ILOAD=5A 5.5V < VIN < 40V 0.2A < ILOAD < 5A VIN = 12V, ILOAD = 5A 8V < VIN < 40V 0.2A < ILOAD < 5A VIN = 12V, ILOAD = 5A 15V < VIN < 40V 0.2A < ILOAD < 5A VIN = 16V, ILOAD = 5A 5 of 13 www.diodes.com Min Typ Max Unit 1.193/1.18 1.23 1.267/1.28 V -- 72 -- % 3.168/3.135 3.3 3.432/3.465 V -- 71 -- % 4.8/4.75 5 5.2/5.25 V -- 78 -- % 11.52/11.4 12 12.48/12.6 V -- 88 -- % December 2017 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A Typical Performance Characteristics Typical Performance Characteristics Normalized Output Voltage Efficiency 100 VIN =20V, ILOAD=3A Normalized at TJ = 25C 5.05 95 EFFICIENCY (%) OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE 5.10 5.00 5A Load 90 85 5V 80 75 4.95 70 4.90 3.3V 65 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 8 10 15 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE(C) SWITCH CURRENT LIMIT (A) SATURATION VOLTAGE (V) 1.5 1.4 1 1.3 1.2 40 7.5 VIN =12V, VOUT =5V 7.0 6.5 6.0 2 3 5.5 2.0 4 3 5 -50 -25 25 50 75 100 125 Shutdown Quiescent Current Operating Quiescent Current 200.0 20.0 160.0 CURRENT (uA) 25.0 15.0 Switch ON 10.0 Switch OFF 5.0 0 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE(C) SWITCH CURRENT(A) SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 35 Switch Current Limit 1 : -40o C 2 : 25 o C 3 : 125o C 1.6 30 25 INPUT VOLTAGE Switch Saturation Voltage 1.7 20 120.0 80.0 1 2 V ON/OFF=5V 1 : -40 o C 2 : 25 o C 3 : 125 o C 3 40.0 0.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 0.0 AP1501A Document number: DS31191 Rev. 11 - 2 10 20 30 40 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) JUNCTION TEMPERATURE(C) 6 of 13 www.diodes.com December 2017 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A Typical Performance Characteristics (Cont.) ON/OFF Threshold Voltage Minimum Operating Supply Voltage 5.0 THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (V) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 VOUT=1.23V ILOAD=120mA 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 -50 -25 75 100 125 SD Pin Pin Current (Sinking) ON/OFF Current (Sinking) 50 75 100 125 Switch Frequency 200.0 150.0 VIN=40V -40oC TJ 125oC FREQUENCY (kHz) CURRENT (uA) 25 JUNCTION TEM PERATUREoC) ( JUNCTION TEM PERATUREoC) ( 120.0 0 90.0 60.0 150.0 100.0 50.0 30.0 0.0 0.0 1.4 5 10 15 20 22 23 24 SD PIN VOLTAGE ON/OFF PIN VOLTAGE(V) (V) 25 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 o JUNCTION TEM PERATURE C) ( Feedback Current FB Pin Pin BiasBias Current BIAS CURRENT (nA) 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 Adjustable Version Only 10.0 0.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 o JUNCTION TEM PERATURE(C) AP1501A Document number: DS31191 Rev. 11 - 2 7 of 13 www.diodes.com December 2017 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A Functional Description Pin Functions +VIN This is the positive input supply for the IC switching regulator. A suitable input bypass capacitor must be present at this pin to minimize voltage transients and to supply the switching currents needed by the regulator. Ground Circuit ground. Output Internal switch. The voltage at this pin switches between (+V IN - VSAT) and approximately -0.5V, with a duty cycle of approximately VOUT / VIN. To minimize coupling to sensitive circuitry, the PC board copper area connected to this pin should be kept a minimum. Feedback Senses the regulated output voltage to complete the feedback loop. ON/OFF Allows the switching regulator circuit to be shutdown using logic level signals thus dropping the total input supply current to approximately 150A. Pulling this pin below a threshold voltage of approximately 1.3V turns the regulator on, and pulling this pin above 1.3V (up to a maximum of 40V) shuts the regulator down. If this shutdown feature is not needed, the SD pin can be wired to the ground pin or it can be left open, in either case the regulator will be in the ON condition. Thermal Considerations The AP1501A is available in two packages, a 5-pin surface mount TO263-5, TO220-5 and TO220-5 (R). The TO220-5 and TO220-5 (R) packages need a heat sink under most conditions. The size of the heat sink depends on the input voltage, the output voltage, the load current and the ambient temperature. The AP1501A junction temperature rises above ambient temperature for a 5A load and different input and output voltages. The data for these curves was taken with the AP1501A (TO220-5 and TO220-5 (R) packages) operating as a buck switching regulator in an ambient temperature of +25C (still air). These temperature rise numbers are all approximate and there are many factors that can affect these temperatures. Higher ambient temperatures require more heat sinking. The TO263-5 surface mount package tab is designed to be soldered to the copper on a printed circuit board. The copper and the board are the heat sink for this package and the other heat producing components, such as the catch diode and inductor. The PC board copper area that the package is soldered to should be at least 0.8 inch2, and ideally should have 2 or more square inches of 2 oz. Additional copper area improves the thermal characteristics, but with copper areas greater than approximately 6 inch2, only small improvements in heat dissipation are realized. If further thermal improvements are needed, double sided, multilayer PC boards with large copper areas and/or airflow are recommended. The AP1501A (TO263-5 package) junction temperature rise above ambient temperature with a 2A load for various input and output voltages. This data was taken with the circuit operating as a buck switching regulator with all components mounted on a PC board to simulate the junction temperature under actual operating conditions. This curve can be used for a quick check for the approximate junction temperature for various conditions, but be aware that there are many factors that can affect the junction temperature. When load currents higher than 3A are used, double sided or multilayer PC boards with large copper areas and/or airflow might be needed, especially for high ambient temperatures and high output voltages. For the best thermal performance, wide copper traces and generous amounts of printed circuit board copper should be used in the board layout. (Once exception to this is the Output pin, which should not have large areas of copper.) Large areas of copper provide the best transfer of heat (lower thermal resistance) to the surrounding air, and moving air lowers the thermal resistance even further. Package thermal resistance and junction temperature rise numbers are all approximate, and there are many factors that will affect these numbers. Some of these factors include board size, shape, thickness, position, location, and even board temperature. Other factors are, trace width, total printed circuit copper area, copper thickness, single or double-sided, multilayer board and the amount of solder on the board. The effectiveness of the PC board to dissipate heat also depends on the size, quantity and spacing of other components on the board, as well as whether the surrounding air is still or moving. Furthermore, some of these components such as the catch diode will add heat to the PC board and the heat can vary as the input voltage changes. For the inductor, depending on the physical size, type of core material and the DC resistance, it could either act as a heat sink taking heat away from the board, or it could add heat to the board. AP1501A Document number: DS31191 Rev. 11 - 2 8 of 13 www.diodes.com December 2017 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A Ordering Information AP1501A XX XXX X - X Output Version Package Green Packing Blank : Adjustable 33 : 3.3V 50 : 5.0V 12 : 12V K5 : TO263-5 T5 : TO220-5 T5R : TO220-5 (R) L : Lead Free G : Green U : Tube 13 : Tape & Reel Device (Note 6) Voltage Package code Package (Note 7) Lead Free/ Green Quantity Part Number Suffix Tube 13''Tape and reel Status (Note 6) Alternative AP1501A-12K5G-13 12 K5 TO263-5 Green 800 NA -13 In production -- AP1501A-33K5G-13 33 K5 TO263-5 Green 800 NA -13 In production -- -- AP1501A-50K5G-13 50 K5 TO263-5 Green 800 NA -13 In production ADJ K5 TO263-5 Green 800 NA -13 In production -- AP1501A-12T5RG-U 12 T5R TO220-5 (R) Green 50 -U NA End of Life None AP1501A-33T5RG-U 33 T5R TO220-5 (R) Green 50 -U NA End of Life None AP1501A-50T5RG-U 50 T5R TO220-5 (R) Green 50 -U NA End of Life None AP1501A-T5RG-U ADJ T5R TO220-5 (R) Green 50 -U NA NRND None AP1501A-12T5G-U 12 T5 TO220-5 Green 50 -U NA NRND None AP1501A-33T5G-U 33 T5 TO220-5 Green 50 -U NA NRND None None AP1501A-K5G-13 AP1501A-50T5G-U 50 T5 TO220-5 Green 50 -U NA NRND ADJ T5 TO220-5 Green 50 -U NA NRND None AP1501A-12K5G-U 12 K5 TO263-5 Green 50 -U NA End of Life AP1501A-12K5G-13 AP1501A-33K5G-U 33 K5 TO263-5 Green 50 -U NA NRND AP1501A-33K5G-13 AP1501A-50K5G-U 50 K5 TO263-5 Green 50 -U NA NRND AP1501A-50K5G-13 ADJ K5 TO263-5 Green 50 -U NA End of Life AP1501A-K5G-13 AP1501A-T5G-U AP1501A-K5G-U Notes: 6. All AP1501A-XXK5Lvariants are End of Life and the closest alternative is the AP1501A-XXK5G-13. All AP1501A-XXT5RL and AP1501A-XXT5L variants are End of Life without any alternative. All AP1501A-XXT5G-U (TO220-5) variants are Not Recommended for New Design (NRND) without any alternative. 7. For packaging details, go to our website at: https://www.diodes.com/design/support/packaging/diodes-packaging/diodes-package-outlines-and-pad-layouts/. AP1501A Document number: DS31191 Rev. 11 - 2 9 of 13 www.diodes.com December 2017 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A Marking Information (Note 6) (1) TO263-5 (Top View) Logo Output Type : 1501A : ADJ 1501A33 : 3.3V 1501A50 : 5.0V 1501A12 : 12V 1501A XX YY WW X X L : Lead Free G : Green ID code Xth week : 01~52 Year : "08" = 2008 "09" = 2009 ~ (2) TO220-5/TO220-5 (R) (Top View) Logo Output Type : 1501A : ADJ 1501A33 : 3.3V 1501A50 : 5.0V 1501A12 : 12V 1501AXX YY WW X X L : Lead Free G : Green ID code Xth week: 01~52 Year: "08" = 2008 "09" = 2009 ~ AP1501A Document number: DS31191 Rev. 11 - 2 10 of 13 www.diodes.com December 2017 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A Package Outline Dimensions Please see http://www.diodes.com/package-outlines.html for the latest version. (1) Package Type: TO263-5 A E D TO263-5 Dim Min Max A 4.07 4.85 A1 1.14 1.40 b 0.66 1.02 c 0.36 0.64 D 8.65 9.65 E 9.78 10.54 e 1.57 1.85 L 14.61 15.88 L1 2.29 2.79 L2 2.92 All Dimensions in mm A1 L2 L L1 e (2) b c Package Type: TO220-5 TO220-5 Dim Min Max A 3.55 4.85 b 0.51 1.14 b1 1.14 1.78 C 0.31 1.14 D 14.20 16.50 D1 5.84 6.86 E 9.78 10.54 e 1.6 1.8 e1 6.6 7.0 F 0.51 1.40 J1 2.03 2.92 L 12.72 14.72 L1 3.66 6.35 P 3.53 4.09 Q 2.54 3.43 All Dimensions in mm AP1501A Document number: DS31191 Rev. 11 - 2 11 of 13 www.diodes.com December 2017 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A Package Outline Dimensions (Cont.) Please see http://www.diodes.com/package-outlines.html for the latest version. (3) Package Type: TO220-5 (R) TO220-5(R) Dim Min Typ Max A 4.37 4.57 4.77 A1 1.12 1.27 1.40 A2 2.45 2.65 2.85 A3 4.10 4.40 4.70 A4 7.95 8.25 8.55 b 0.64 0.79 0.94 c 0.35 0.38 0.55 D 14.80 15.00 15.20 D1 8.50 8.70 8.90 e 1.70 E 9.96 10.16 10.36 H1 6.10 6.30 6.50 H2 21.32 22.12 22.92 H3 24.15 24.95 25.75 L 6.30 L1 13.10 13.50 13.90 P 3.64 3.84 4.04 Q 2.55 2.75 2.95 All Dimensions in mm Suggested Pad Layout Please see http://www.diodes.com/package-outlines.html for the latest version. (1) Package Type: TO263-5 X Dimensions X X1 Y Y1 Y2 C Y1 Y Value (in mm) 10.9 1.05 15.7 9.1 2.5 1.7 Y2 X1 C AP1501A Document number: DS31191 Rev. 11 - 2 12 of 13 www.diodes.com December 2017 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A IMPORTANT NOTICE DIODES INCORPORATED MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION). 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Copyright (c) 2017, Diodes Incorporated www.diodes.com AP1501A Document number: DS31191 Rev. 11 - 2 13 of 13 www.diodes.com December 2017 (c) Diodes Incorporated Mouser Electronics Authorized Distributor Click to View Pricing, Inventory, Delivery & Lifecycle Information: Diodes Incorporated: AP1501A-12K5G-13 AP1501A-33K5G-13 AP1501A-50K5G-13 AP1501A-K5G-13