ON Semiconductor Three-Terminal Adjustable Output Positive Voltage Regulator The LM317L is an adjustable 3-terminal positive voltage regulator capable of supplying in excess of 100 mA over an output voltage range of 1.2 V to 37 V. This voltage regulator is exceptionally easy to use and requires only two external resistors to set the output voltage. Further, it employs internal current limiting, thermal shutdown and safe area compensation, making them essentially blow-out proof. The LM317L serves a wide variety of applications including local, on card regulation. This device can also be used to make a programmable output regulator, or by connecting a fixed resistor between the adjustment and output, the LM317L can be used as a precision current regulator. * Output Current in Excess of 100 mA * Output Adjustable Between 1.2 V and 37 V * Internal Thermal Overload Protection * Internal Short Circuit Current Limiting * Output Transistor Safe-Area Compensation * Floating Operation for High Voltage Applications * Standard 3-Lead Transistor Package * Eliminates Stocking Many Fixed Voltages LM317L LOW CURRENT THREE-TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATOR SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA Z SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 29 Pin 1. Adjust 2. Vout 3. Vin 1 D SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 751 (SOP-8*) Simplified Application 8 1 Vin Vout LM317L R1 240 IAdj Adjust Cin* 0.1F + C ** O 1.0F 2 3 Pin 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Vin Vout Vout Adjust N.C. Vout Vout N.C. *SOP-8 is an internally modified SO-8 package. Pins 2, 3, 6 and 7 are electrically common to the die attach flag. This internal lead frame modification decreases package thermal resistance and increases power dissipation capability when appropriately mounted on a printed circuit board. SOP-8 conforms to all external dimensions of the standard SO-8 package. R2 ORDERING INFORMATION * Cin is required if regulator is located an appreciable ** distance from power supply filter. ** CO is not needed for stability, however, ** it does improve transient response. Device LM317LD LM317LZ R Vout 1.25 V 1 2 IAdjR2 R1 LM317LBD LM317LBZ Operating Temperature Range TJ = 0 to +125C TJ = -40 to +125C Package SOP-8 Plastic SOP-8 Plastic Since IAdj is controlled to less than 100 A, the error associated with this term is negligible in most applications. Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2001 March, 2001 - Rev. 2 1 Publication Order Number: LM317L/D LM317L MAXIMUM RATINGS Rating Symbol Value Unit VI-VO 40 Vdc Power Dissipation PD Internally Limited W Operating Junction Temperature Range TJ -40 to +125 C Storage Temperature Range Tstg -65 to +150 C Input-Output Voltage Differential ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VI-VO = 5.0 V; IO = 40 mA; TJ = Tlow to Thigh [Note 1]; Imax and Pmax [Note 2]; unless otherwise noted.) LM317L, LB Characteristics Figure Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Line Regulation (Note 3) TA = 25C, 3.0 V VI - VO 40 V 1 Regline - 0.01 0.04 %/V Load Regulation (Note 3), TA = 25C 10 mA IO Imax - LM317L VO 5.0 V VO 5.0 V 2 Regload - - 5.0 0.1 25 0.5 mV % VO 3 IAdj - 50 100 A Adjustment Pin Current Change 2.5 V VI - VO 40 V, PD Pmax 10 mA IO Imax - LM317L 1, 2 IAdj - 0.2 5.0 A Reference Voltage 3.0 V VI - VO 40 V, PD Pmax 10 mA IO Imax - LM317L 3 Vref 1.20 1.25 1.30 V Line Regulation (Note 3) 3.0 V VI - VO 40 V 1 Regline - 0.02 0.07 %/V Load Regulation (Note 3) 10 mA IO Imax - LM317L VO 5.0 V VO 5.0 V 2 Regload - - 20 0.3 70 1.5 mV % VO Temperature Stability (Tlow TJ Thigh) 3 TS - 0.7 - % VO Minimum Load Current to Maintain Regulation (VI - VO = 40 V) 3 ILmin - 3.5 10 mA Maximum Output Current VI - VO 6.25 V, PD Pmax, Z Package VI - VO 40 V, PD Pmax, TA = 25C, Z Package 3 Imax 100 - 200 20 - - - 0.003 - 60 - 80 80 - - S - 0.3 1.0 %/1.0 k Hrs. Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Case Z Package RJC - 83 - C/W Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Air Z Package RJA - 160 - C/W Adjustment Pin Current RMS Noise, % of VO TA = 25C, 10 Hz f 10 kHz N Ripple Rejection (Note 4) VO = 1.2 V, f = 120 Hz CAdj = 10 F, VO = 10.0 V 4 Long Term Stability, TJ = Thigh (Note 5) TA = 25C for Endpoint Measurements 3 mA RR % VO dB NOTES: 1. Tlow to Thigh = 0 to +125C for LM317L -40 to +125C for LM317LB Pmax = 625 mW 2. Imax = 100 mA 3. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in V O due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used. 4. CAdj, when used, is connected between the adjustment pin and ground. 5. Since Long-Term Stability cannot be measured on each device before shipment, this specification is an engineering estimate of average stability from lot to lot. http://onsemi.com 2 LM317L Representative Schematic Diagram Vin 300 300 300 3.0k 30 0 70 6.8V 6.8V 350 18k 8.67k 130 500 40 0 5.1k 200 k 180 6.3V 180 2.0k 6.0k 60 10 pF 10 pF 2.5 Vout 2.4k 12.8k 5 0 Adjust Figure 1. Line Regulation and IAdj/Line Test Circuit VCC Line Regulation (%/V) = * VIH VIL Vin LM317L *Pulse Testing Required: 1% Duty Cycle is suggested. 0.1F R1 240 1% CO IAdj R2 1 % http://onsemi.com 3 x 100 VOH VOL Vout Adjust Cin VOH - VOL VOL + RL 1F LM317L Figure 2. Load Regulation and IAdj/Load Test Circuit Load Regulation (mV) = VO (min Load) -VO (max Load) Load Regulation (% VO) = Vin* Vin Vout LM317L Adjust Cin 0.1F VO (min Load) - VO (max Load) VO (min Load) X 100 VO (min Load) VO (max Load) IL R1 RL (max Load) 240 1% CO IAdj + RL (min Load) * 1.0F R2 1% *Pulse Testing Required: 1% Duty Cycle is suggested. Figure 3. Standard Test Circuit Vin Vout LM317L IL Adjust VI Cin 0.1F 240 1% R1 IAdj Vref RL + CO VO 1F ISET R2 1% To Calculate R2: Vout = ISET R2 + 1.250 V Assume ISET = 5.25 mA Pulse Testing Required: 1% Duty Cycle is suggested. Figure 4. Ripple Rejection Test Circuit 14.30V Vin 4.30V f = 120 Hz Vout LM317L Adjust Cin Vout = 1.25 V 240 1% R1 0.1F D1 * 1N4002 CO R2 1.65K 1% ** + + RL 1F VO 10F *D1 Discharges CAdj if Output is Shorted to Ground. **CAdj provides an AC ground to the adjust pin. http://onsemi.com 4 LM317L 0.4 Figure 6. Ripple Rejection Vin = 45 V Vout = 5.0 V IL = 5.0 mA to 40 mA 0.2 RR, RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) V out, OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (%) Figure 5. Load Regulation 0 -0.2 Vin = 10 V Vout = 5.0 V IL = 5.0 mA to 100 mA -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C) 80 70 IL = 40 mA f = 120 Hz Vout = 10 V Vin = 14 V to 24 V 60 50 150 -50 -25 Figure 7. Current Limit 2.5 V in -Vout , INPUT-OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (V) IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (A) TJ = 25C 0.40 0.30 0.20 TJ = 150C 0.10 0 10 20 30 40 Vin-Vout, INPUT-OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (V) 2.0 IL = 100 mA 1.5 IL = 5.0 mA 1.0 0.5 50 -50 Figure 9. Minimum Operating Current -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C) 150 Figure 10. Ripple Rejection versus Frequency 100 5.0 4.5 TJ = 55C TJ = 25C TJ = 150C 4.0 3.5 3.0 RR, RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) IB , QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) 150 Figure 8. Dropout Voltage 0.50 0 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C) 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 90 IL = 40 mA Vin = 5.0 V 1.0 VPP Vout = 1.25 V 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 10 10 20 30 40 Vin-Vout, INPUT-OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (V) http://onsemi.com 5 100 1.0 k 10 k 100 k 1.0 M f, FREQUENCY (Hz) LM317L Figure 11. Temperature Stability Figure 12. Adjustment Pin Current IAdj, ADJUSTMENT PIN CURRENT ( A) V ref , REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V) 1.260 1.250 1.240 Vin = 4.2 V Vout = Vref IL = 5.0 mA 1.230 1.220 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C) 80 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 150 Vin = 6.25 V Vout = Vref IL = 10 mA IL = 100 mA 70 -50 -25 0.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 8.0 6.0 -0.8 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C) Figure 15. Line Transient Response 1.5 1.0 CL = 1 F 0.5 0 -0.5 -1.5 1.0 10 20 t, TIME (s) 30 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C) 150 0.3 0.2 CL = 1 F; CAdj = 10 F 0.1 Vin = 15 V Vout = 10 V INL = 50 mA TJ = 25C 0 CL = 0.3 F; CAdj = 10 F -0.3 CL = 0 Vin 0 -25 Figure 16. Load Transient Response -0.2 0.5 0 -50 -0.1 Vout = 1.25 V IL = 20 mA TJ = 25C -1.0 4.0 150 Vout , OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION (V) Vout , OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION (V) Bandwidth 100 Hz to 10 kHz 10 NOISE VOLTAGE ( V) 0 -1.0 Vin , INPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (V) Vin = 4.25 V to 41.25 V Vout = Vref IL = 5 mA 0.2 150 Figure 14. Output Noise 40 I L , LOAD CURRENT (mA) Vout , OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (%) Figure 13. Line Regulation 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C) 100 0 http://onsemi.com 6 IL 50 0 10 20 t, TIME (s) 30 40 LM317L APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Basic Circuit Operation External Capacitors The LM317L is a 3-terminal floating regulator. In operation, the LM317L develops and maintains a nominal 1.25 V reference (Vref) between its output and adjustment terminals. This reference voltage is converted to a programming current (IPROG) by R1 (see Figure 13), and this constant current flows through R2 to ground. The regulated output voltage is given by: A 0.1 F disc or 1.0 F tantalum input bypass capacitor (Cin) is recommended to reduce the sensitivity to input line impedance. The adjustment terminal may be bypassed to ground to improve ripple rejection. This capacitor (CAdj) prevents ripple from being amplified as the output voltage is increased. A 10 F capacitor should improve ripple rejection about 15 dB at 120 Hz in a 10 V application. Although the LM317L is stable with no output capacitance, like any feedback circuit, certain values of external capacitance can cause excessive ringing. An output capacitance (CO) in the form of a 1.0 F tantalum or 25 F aluminum electrolytic capacitor on the output swamps this effect and insures stability. Vout = Vref (1 + R2 ) + IAdj R2 R1 Since the current from the adjustment terminal (IAdj) represents an error term in the equation, the LM317L was designed to control IAdj to less than 100 A and keep it constant. To do this, all quiescent operating current is returned to the output terminal. This imposes the requirement for a minimum load current. If the load current is less than this minimum, the output voltage will rise. Since the LM317L is a floating regulator, it is only the voltage differential across the circuit which is important to performance, and operation at high voltages with respect to ground is possible. Protection Diodes When external capacitors are used with any IC regulator it is sometimes necessary to add protection diodes to prevent the capacitors from discharging through low current points into the regulator. Figure 14 shows the LM317L with the recommended protection diodes for output voltages in excess of 25 V or high capacitance values (CO > 10 F, CAdj > 5.0 F). Diode D1 prevents CO from discharging thru the IC during an input short circuit. Diode D2 protects against capacitor CAdj discharging through the IC during an output short circuit. The combination of diodes D1 and D2 prevents CAdj from discharging through the IC during an input short circuit. Figure 17. Basic Circuit Configuration Vin LM317L Vout + Vref Adjust R1 IPROG Vout IAdj Figure 18. Voltage Regulator with Protection Diodes R2 D1 Vref = 1.25 V Typical 1N4002 Vin Load Regulation The LM317L is capable of providing extremely good load regulation, but a few precautions are needed to obtain maximum performance. For best performance, the programming resistor (R1) should be connected as close to the regulator as possible to minimize line drops which effectively appear in series with the reference, thereby degrading regulation. The ground end of R2 can be returned near the load ground to provide remote ground sensing and improve load regulation. Vout LM317L Cin R1 + D2 Adjust 1N4002 R2 http://onsemi.com 7 CO CAdj LM317L Figure 19. Adjustable Current Limiter +25V Vin LM317L Vout Figure 20. 5 V Electronic Shutdown Regulator D1 IO VO R1 1.25k Adjust Vin D1 1N914 R2 500 * To provide current limiting of IO to the system ground, the source of the current limiting diode must be tied to a negative voltage below - 7.25 V. Vout LM317L + 1.0F 120 D2 1N914 Adjust MPS2222 720 Vref IDSS R1 = Vref IOmax + IDSS Minimum Vout = 1.25 V VSS* D1 protects the device during an input short circuit. VO < POV + 1.25 V + VSS ILmin - IP < IO < 100 mA - IP As shown O < IO < 95 mA Figure 21. Slow Turn-On Regulator LM317L Figure 22. Current Regulator Vout Vin 240 1N4002 50k Adjust R2 TTL Control 1.0k 1N5314 R2 Vin 1N4002 MPS2907 R1 LM317L Vout IAdj Adjust + 10F Ioutmax = Vref R1 Ioutmax = Vref R1 + R2 + IAdj 8 1.25 V R1 + IAdj 5.0 mA < Iout < 100 mA http://onsemi.com Iout R2 1.25 V R1 + R2 LM317L PACKAGE DIMENSIONS Z SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 29-11 ISSUE AL A NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. 3. CONTOUR OF PACKAGE BEYOND DIMENSION R IS UNCONTROLLED. 4. LEAD DIMENSION IS UNCONTROLLED IN P AND BEYOND DIMENSION K MINIMUM. B R P L SEATING PLANE K DIM A B C D G H J K L N P R V D X X G J H V C SECTION X-X 1 N INCHES MIN MAX 0.175 0.205 0.170 0.210 0.125 0.165 0.016 0.021 0.045 0.055 0.095 0.105 0.015 0.020 0.500 --0.250 --0.080 0.105 --0.100 0.115 --0.135 --- MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 4.45 5.20 4.32 5.33 3.18 4.19 0.407 0.533 1.15 1.39 2.42 2.66 0.39 0.50 12.70 --6.35 --2.04 2.66 --2.54 2.93 --3.43 --- N D SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 751-07 (SOP-8) ISSUE W -X- NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER. 3. DIMENSION A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. 4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 (0.006) PER SIDE. 5. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.127 (0.005) TOTAL IN EXCESS OF THE D DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION. A 8 5 0.25 (0.010) S B 1 M Y M 4 K -Y- G C N X 45 SEATING PLANE -Z- 0.10 (0.004) H M D 0.25 (0.010) M Z Y S X S http://onsemi.com 9 J DIM A B C D G H J K M N S MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 4.80 5.00 3.80 4.00 1.35 1.75 0.33 0.51 1.27 BSC 0.10 0.25 0.19 0.25 0.40 1.27 0 8 0.25 0.50 5.80 6.20 INCHES MIN MAX 0.189 0.197 0.150 0.157 0.053 0.069 0.013 0.020 0.050 BSC 0.004 0.010 0.007 0.010 0.016 0.050 0 8 0.010 0.020 0.228 0.244 LM317L Notes http://onsemi.com 10 LM317L Notes http://onsemi.com 11 LM317L ON Semiconductor and are trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. "Typical" parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including "Typicals" must be validated for each customer application by customer's technical experts. SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. SCILLC products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLC and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that SCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. SCILLC is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. PUBLICATION ORDERING INFORMATION NORTH AMERICA Literature Fulfillment: Literature Distribution Center for ON Semiconductor P.O. Box 5163, Denver, Colorado 80217 USA Phone: 303-675-2175 or 800-344-3860 Toll Free USA/Canada Fax: 303-675-2176 or 800-344-3867 Toll Free USA/Canada Email: ONlit@hibbertco.com Fax Response Line: 303-675-2167 or 800-344-3810 Toll Free USA/Canada N. American Technical Support: 800-282-9855 Toll Free USA/Canada EUROPE: LDC for ON Semiconductor - European Support German Phone: (+1) 303-308-7140 (Mon-Fri 2:30pm to 7:00pm CET) Email: ONlit-german@hibbertco.com French Phone: (+1) 303-308-7141 (Mon-Fri 2:00pm to 7:00pm CET) Email: ONlit-french@hibbertco.com English Phone: (+1) 303-308-7142 (Mon-Fri 12:00pm to 5:00pm GMT) Email: ONlit@hibbertco.com CENTRAL/SOUTH AMERICA: Spanish Phone: 303-308-7143 (Mon-Fri 8:00am to 5:00pm MST) Email: ONlit-spanish@hibbertco.com Toll-Free from Mexico: Dial 01-800-288-2872 for Access - then Dial 866-297-9322 ASIA/PACIFIC: LDC for ON Semiconductor - Asia Support Phone: 1-303-675-2121 (Tue-Fri 9:00am to 1:00pm, Hong Kong Time) Toll Free from Hong Kong & Singapore: 001-800-4422-3781 Email: ONlit-asia@hibbertco.com JAPAN: ON Semiconductor, Japan Customer Focus Center 4-32-1 Nishi-Gotanda, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan 141-0031 Phone: 81-3-5740-2700 Email: r14525@onsemi.com ON Semiconductor Website: http://onsemi.com EUROPEAN TOLL-FREE ACCESS*: 00-800-4422-3781 *Available from Germany, France, Italy, UK, Ireland For additional information, please contact your local Sales Representative. http://onsemi.com 12 LM317L/D