NOTICE: Specifications are subject to change without notice. Contact your nearest AVX Sales Office for the latest specifications.
All statements, information and data given herein are believed to be accurate and reliable, but are presented without guarantee,
warranty, or responsibility of any kind, expressed or implied. Statements or suggestions concerning possible use of our products
are made without representation or warranty that any such use is free of patent infringement and are not recommendations to infringe
any patent. The user should not assume that all safety measures are indicated or that other measures may not be required.
Specifications are typical and may not apply to all applications.
The Capacitor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Dielectrics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13
Radial Leads
SKYCAPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-19
CERALAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-23
PACKAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24-25
Two-Pin DIPs
DIPGUARD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26-27
Axial Leads
SPINGUARD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28-32
MINI-CERAMIC CAPACITOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
CERALAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34-37
PACKAGING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Military
MIL-C-39014
Radial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39-42
Axial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43-46
2-Pin DIPs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47-52
MIL-C-11015
Radial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53-54
Axial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55-56
MIL-C-20
Radial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57-58
Axial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59-62
MIL-C-123
Radial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63-64
Axial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65-66
2-Pin DIPs . . . . . . . . . .67
Marking . . . . . . . .68
Cross-Ref . . . .68
European CECC
Specifications . .69
Index
2
GENERAL INFORMATION
A capacitor is a component which is capable
of storing electrical energy. It consists of two conductive
plates (electrodes) separated by insulating material which is
called the dielectric. A typical formula for determining
capacitance is:
C = .224 KA
t
C= capacitance (picofarads)
K= dielectric constant (Vacuum = 1)
A = area in square inches
t= separation between the plates in inches
(thickness of dielectric)
.224 = conversion constant
(.0884 for metric system in cm)
Capacitance – The standard unit of capacitance
is the farad. A capacitor has a capacitance of 1 farad
when 1 coulomb charges it to 1 volt. One farad is a very
large unit and most capacitors have values in the micro
(10-6), nano (10-9) or pico (10-12) farad level.
Dielectric Constant – In the formula for capacitance
given above the dielectric constant of a vacuum is
arbitrarily chosen as the number 1. Dielectric constants
of other materials are then compared to the dielectric
constant of a vacuum.
Dielectric Thickness – Capacitance is indirectly propor-
tional to the separation between electrodes. Lower volt-
age requirements mean thinner dielectrics and greater
capacitance per volume.
Area – Capacitance is directly proportional to the area of
the electrodes. Since the other variables in the equation
are usually set by the performance desired, area is the
easiest parameter to modify to obtain a specific capaci-
tance within a material group.
Energy Stored – The energy which can be stored in a
capacitor is given by the formula:
E= 1⁄2CV2
E= energy in joules (watts-sec)
V= applied voltage
C= capacitance in farads
Potential Change – A capacitor is a reactive
component which reacts against a change in potential
across it. This is shown by the equation for the linear
charge of a capacitor:
Iideal = C dV
dt
where
I= Current
C= Capacitance
dV/dt = Slope of voltage transition across capacitor
Thus an infinite current would be required to instantly
change the potential across a capacitor. The amount of
current a capacitor can “sink” is determined by the
above equation.
Equivalent Circuit – A capacitor, as a practical device,
exhibits not only capacitance but also resistance and
inductance. A simplified schematic for the equivalent
circuit is:
C= Capacitance L= Inductance
Rs= Series Resistance Rp= Parallel Resistance
Reactance – Since the insulation resistance (Rp)
is normally very high, the total impedance of a capacitor
is:
Z = R2
S+ (XC- XL)2
where
Z = Total Impedance
Rs= Series Resistance
XC= Capacitive Reactance = 1
2 πfC
XL= Inductive Reactance = 2 πfL
The variation of a capacitor’s impedance with frequency
determines its effectiveness in many applications.
Phase Angle – Power Factor and Dissipation Factor are
often confused since they are both measures of the loss
in a capacitor under AC application and are often almost
identical in value. In a “perfect” capacitor the current in
the capacitor will lead the voltage by 90°.
The Capacitor
R
LR
C
P
S
冑
3
In practice the current leads the voltage by some other
phase angle due to the series resistance RS. The comple-
ment of this angle is called the loss angle and:
Power Factor (P.F.) = Cos for Sine ␦
Dissipation Factor (D.F.) = tan ␦
for small values of ␦the tan and sine are essentially equal
which has led to the common interchangeability of the two
terms in the industry.
Equivalent Series Resistance – The term E.S.R. or
Equivalent Series Resistance combines all losses both
series and parallel in a capacitor at a given frequency so
that the equivalent circuit is reduced to a simple R-C series
connection.
Dissipation Factor
The DF/PF of a capacitor tells what percent of the
apparent power input will turn to heat in the capacitor.
Dissipation Factor =E.S.R. = (2 πfC) (E.S.R.)
XC
The watts loss are:
Watts loss = (2 πfCV2) (D.F.)
Very low values of dissipation factor are expressed as their
reciprocal for convenience. These are called the “Q” or
Quality factor of capacitors.
Insulation Resistance – Insulation Resistance is the resis-
tance measured across the terminals of a capacitor and
consists principally of the parallel resistance RPshown in
the equivalent circuit. As capacitance values and hence the
area of dielectric increases, the I.R. decreases and hence
the product (C x IR or RC) is often specified in ohm farads
or more commonly megohm microfarads. Leakage current
is determined by dividing the rated voltage by IR (Ohm’s
Law).
Dielectric Strength – Dielectric Strength is an expression
of the ability of a material to withstand an electrical stress.
Although dielectric strength is ordinarily expressed in volts,
it is actually dependent on the thickness of the dielectric
and thus is also more generically a function of volts/mil.
Dielectric Absorption – A capacitor does not discharge
instantaneously upon application of a short circuit, but
drains gradually after the capacitance proper has been dis-
charged. It is common practice to measure the dielectric
absorption by determining the “reappearing voltage” which
appears across a capacitor at some point in time after it
has been fully discharged under short circuit conditions.
Corona – Corona is the ionization of air or other vapors
which causes them to conduct current. It is especially
prevalent in high voltage units but can occur with low
voltages as well where high voltage gradients occur. The
energy discharged degrades the performance of the
capacitor and can in time cause catastrophic failures.
CERAMIC CAPACITORS
Multilayer ceramic capacitors are manufactured by mixing
the ceramic powder in an organic binder (slurry) and cast-
ing it by one technique or another into thin layers typically
ranging from about 3 mils in thickness down to 1 mil or
thinner.
Metal electrodes are deposited onto the green ceramic
layers which are then stacked to form a laminated
structure. The metal electrodes are arranged so that their
terminations alternate from one edge of the capacitor to
another. Upon sintering at high temperature the part
becomes a monolithic block which can provide extremely
high capacitance values in small mechanical volumes.
Figure 1 shows a pictorial view of a multilayer ceramic
capacitor.
Multilayer ceramic capacitors are available in a wide range of
characteristics, Electronic Industries Association (EIA) and
the military have established categories to help divide the
The Capacitor
E.S.R. C
␦
I (Ideal) I (Actual)
Phase
Angle
Loss
Angle
V
IRs
f
4
The Capacitor
CERAMIC
LAYER ELECTRODE
TERMINATE
EDGE
TERMINATE
EDGE
END
TERMINATIONS ELECTRODES
MARGIN
basic characteristics into more easily specified classes. The
basic industry specification for ceramic capacitors is EIA
specification RS-198 and as noted in the general section
it specifies temperature compensating capacitors as Class
1 capacitors. These are specified by the military under
specification MIL-C-20. General purpose capacitors with
non-linear temperature coefficients are called Class 2
capacitors by EIA and are specified by the military under
MIL-C-11015 and MIL-C-39014. The new high reliability
military specification, MIL-C-123 covers both Class 1 and
Class 2 dielectrics.
Class 1 – Class 1 capacitors or temperature compensating
capacitors are usually made from mixtures of titanates
where barium titanate is normally not a major part of the
mix. They have predictable temperature coefficients and
in general, do not have an aging characteristic. Thus they
are the most stable capacitor available. Normally the
T.C.s of Class 1 temperature compensating capacitors are
C0G (NP0) (negative-positive 0 ppm/°C). Class 1 extended
temperature compensating capacitors are also manufac-
tured in T.C.s from P100 through N2200.
Class 2 – General purpose ceramic capacitors are called
Class 2 capacitors and have become extremely popular
because of the high capacitance values available in very
small size. Class 2 capacitors are “ferro electric” and vary in
capacitance value under the influence of the environmental
and electrical operating conditions. Class 2 capacitors
are affected by temperature, voltage (both AC and DC),
frequency and time. Temperature effects for Class 2
ceramic capacitors are exhibited as non-linear capacitance
changes with temperature.
TC TOLERANCES (1)
Capacitance
in pF NP0 N030 N080 N150 N220 N330 N470 N750 N1500 N2200
-55°C to +25°C in PPM/°C
10 and Over +30 +30 +30 +30 +30 +60 +60 +120 +250 +500
-75 -80 -90 -105 -120 -180 -210 -340 -670 -1100
+25°C to +85°C in PPM/°C
10 and Over ±30 ±30 ±30 ±30 ±30 ±60 ±60 ±120 ±250 ±500
Closest
MIL-C-20D CG HG LG PG RG SH TH UJ NONE NONE
Equivalent
EIA Desig. C0G S1G U1G P2G R2G S2H T2H U2J P3K R3L
(1) Table 1 indicates the tolerance available on specific temperature characteristics. It may be noted that limits are established on the basis of measurements at
+25°C and +85°C and that T.C. becomes more negative at low temperature. Wider tolerances are required on low capacitance values because of the effects of
stray capacitance.
Table 1: EIA Temperature Compensating Ceramic Capacitor Codes
Figure 1
5
EIA CODE
Percent Capacity Change Over Temperature Range
RS198 Temperature Range
X7 -55°C to +125°C
X5 -55°C to +85°C
Y5 -30°C to +85°C
Z5 +10°C to +85°C
Code Percent Capacity Change
D ±3.3%
E ±4.7%
F ±7.5%
P ±10%
R ±15%
S ±22%
T +22%, -33%
U +22%, - 56%
V +22%, -82%
The Capacitor
MIL CODE
Symbol Temperature Range
A -55°C to +85°C
B -55°C to +125°C
C -55°C to +150°C
Symbol Cap. Change Cap. Change
Zero Volts Rated Volts
R +15%, -15% +15%, -40%
W +22%, -56% +22%, -66%
X +15%, -15% +15%, -25%
Y +30%, -70% +30%, -80%
Z +20%, -20% +20%, -30%
Table 2: MIL and EIA Temperature Stable and General Application Codes
50
40
30
20
10
0 12.5 25 37.5 50
Volts AC at 1.0 KHz
Capacitance Change Percent
Curve 3 - 25 VDC Rated Capacitor
Curve 2 - 50 VDC Rated Capacitor
Curve 1 - 100 VDC Rated Capacitor Curve 3
Curve 2
Curve 1
.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
AC Measurement Volts at 1.0 KHz
Dissipation Factor Percent
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0
Figure 2 Figure 3
Temperature characteristic is specified by combining range and change
symbols, for example BR or AW. Specification slash sheets indicate the
characteristic applicable to a given style of capacitor.
EXAMPLE – A capacitor is desired with the capacitance value at 25°C
to increase no more than 7.5% or decrease no more than 7.5% from
-30°C to +85°C. EIA Code will be Y5F.
In specifying capacitance change with temperature for
Class 2 materials, EIA expresses the capacitance change
over an operating temperature range by a 3 symbol code.
The first symbol represents the cold temperature end of the
temperature range, the second represents the upper limit
of the operating temperature range and the third symbol
represents the capacitance change allowed over the
operating temperature range. Table 2 provides a detailed
explanation of the EIA system.
Effects of Voltage – Variations in voltage affects only the
capacitance and dissipation factor. The application of DC
voltage reduces both the capacitance and dissipation
factor while the application of an AC voltage within a
reasonable range tends to increase both capacitance and
dissipation factor readings. If a high enough AC voltage is
applied, eventually it will reduce capacitance just as a DC
voltage will. Figure 2 shows the effects of AC voltage.
Capacitor specifications specify the AC voltage at which to
measure (normally 0.5 or 1 VAC) and application of the
wrong voltage can cause spurious readings. Figure 3 gives
the voltage coefficient of dissipation factor for various AC
voltages at 1 kilohertz. Applications of different frequencies
will affect the percentage changes versus voltages.
Cap. Change vs. A.C. Volts
AVX X7R T.C.
D.F. vs. A.C. Measurement Volts
AVX X7R T.C.
6
The effect of the application of DC voltage is shown in
Figure 4. The voltage coefficient is more pronounced for
higher K dielectrics. These figures are shown for room tem-
perature conditions. The combination characteristic known
as voltage temperature limits which shows the effects of
rated voltage over the operating temperature range is
shown in Figure 5 for the military BX characteristic.
Cap. Change vs. D.C. Volts
AVX X7R T.C.
Typical Cap. Change vs. Temperature
AVX X7R T.C.
Cap. Change vs. Frequency
“Q” vs. Frequency
Effects of Frequency – Frequency affects capacitance
and dissipation factor as shown in Figures 6 and 7.
Variation of impedance with frequency is an important con-
sideration for decoupling capacitor applications. Lead
length, lead configuration and body size all affect the
impedance level over more than ceramic formulation varia-
tions. (Figure 8)
Effects of Time – Class 2 ceramic capacitors change
capacitance and dissipation factor with time as well as
temperature, voltage and frequency. This change with time
is known as aging. Aging is caused by a gradual re-align-
ment of the crystalline structure of the ceramic and
produces an exponential loss in capacitance and decrease
in dissipation factor versus time. A typical curve of aging
rate for semistable ceramics is shown in Figure 9 and a
table is given showing the aging rates of various dielectrics.
If a ceramic capacitor that has been sitting on the shelf for
a period of time, is heated above its curie point, (125°C for
4 hours or 150°C for 1⁄2hour will suffice) the part will
de-age and return to its initial capacitance and dissipation
factor readings. Because the capacitance changes rapidly,
immediately after de-aging, the basic capacitance
measurements are normally referred to a time period some-
time after the de-aging process. Various manufacturers use
different time bases but the most popular one is one day or
twenty-four hours after “last heat.” Change in the aging
curve can be caused by the application of voltage and
other stresses. The possible changes in capacitance due to
de-aging by heating the unit explain why capacitance
changes are allowed after test, such as temperature
cycling, moisture resistance, etc., in MIL specs. The
application of high voltages such as dielectric withstanding
voltages also tends to de-age capacitors and is why
re-reading of capacitance after 12 or 24 hours is allowed in
military specifications after dielectric strength tests have
been performed.
The Capacitor
25% 50% 75% 100%
Percent Rated Volts
Capacitance Change Percent
2.5
0
-2.5
-5
-7.5
-10
0VDC
RVDC
-55 -35 -15 +5 +25 +45 +65 +85 +105 +125
Temperature Degrees Centigrade
Capacitance Change Percent
+20
+10
0
-10
-20
-30
AVX C0G (NP0) T.C.
AVX X7R T.C.
1 10 100 1 10 100 1
KHz KHz KHz MHz MHz MHz GHz
Frequency
Capacitance Change Percent
0
-10
-20
-30
AVX
C0G (NP0)
T.C.
AVX X7R T.C.
1 10 100 1 10 100 1
KHz KHz KHz MHz MHz MHz GHz
Frequency
2000
1600
1200
800
400
0
"Q" Factor
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
7
Impedance vs. Frequency
Effect of Capacitance – AVX SpinGuards
Impedance vs. Frequency
Effect of Dielectric – AVX DIPGuards
Impedance vs. Frequency
Effect of Lead Length – Military CKR05 .01mF
Typical Curve of Aging Rate
X7R Dielectric
Effects of Mechanical Stress – High “K” dielectric ceramic
capacitors exhibit some low level piezoelectric reactions
under mechanical stress. As a general statement, the
piezoelectric output is higher, the higher the dielectric con-
stant of the ceramic. It is desirable to investigate this effect
before using high “K” dielectrics as coupling capacitors in
extremely low level applications.
Reliability – Historically ceramic capacitors have been one
of the most reliable types of capacitors in use today.
The approximate formula for the reliability of a ceramic
capacitor is:
Lo=VtXTtY
LtVoTo
where
Lo= operating life Tt= test temperature and
Lt= test life To= operating temperature in °C
Vt= test voltage
Vo= operating voltage X,Y = see text
Historically for ceramic capacitors exponent X has been
considered as 3. The exponent Y for temperature effects
typically tends to run about 8.
The Capacitor
.001mF
.01mF
.1mF
.33mF
1 10 100 1000
Log Frequency, MHz
Log Impedance, Ohms
10.00
1.00
0.10
0.01
1 10 100 200
Log Frequency, MHz
Log Impedance, Ohms
10.0
1.0
0.1
C0G (NP0)
.001 F
X7R .01 F
X7R .022 F
X7R .047 F
X7R 0.1 F
Z5U .22 F
1 10 100 1000
Log Frequency, MHz
Log Impedance, Ohms
10.0
1.0
0.1
100.0 .500"
.250"
.062"
0"
1 10 100 1000 10,000 100,000
Hours
Capacitance Change Percent
+1.5
0
-1.5
-3.0
-4.5
-6.0
-7.5
Characteristic Max. Aging Rate %/Decade
C0G (NP0)
X7R
Z5U
Y5V
None
2
3
5
Figure 9
共
共
共
共
Figure 8
8
The Capacitor
GENERAL ELECTRICAL AND
ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS
Many AVX ceramic capacitors are purchased in accordance
with Military Specifications, MIL-C-39014, MIL-C-11015,
MIL-C-20, MIL-C-55681, and MIL-C-123 or according to
individual customer specification. When ordered to these
specifications, the parts will meet the requirements set forth
in these documents. The General Electrical and
Environmental Specifications listed below detail test
conditions which are common to the foregoing and to most
ceramic capacitor specifications. If additional information is
needed, AVX Application Engineers are ready to assist you.
Capacitance – Capacitance shall be tested in accordance
with Method 305 of MIL-STD-202.
Class 1 dielectric to 1000 pF measured at 1 MHz, ± 100
KHz, > 1000 pF measured at 1 KHz ± 100 Hz both at 1.0
± 0.2 VAC.
Class 2 dielectrics (except High K) to 100 pF shall be mea-
sured at 1 MHz ± 100 KHz, > 100 pF measured at 1 KHz ±
100 Hz both at 1.0 ± 0.2 VAC.
High K dielectrics measured at 1 KHz ± 100 Hz with less
than 0.5 VAC or less applied.
Dissipation Factor – D.F. shall be measured at the same
frequency and voltage as specified for capacitance.
Dielectric Strength – The dielectric strength shall be mea-
sured in accordance with Method 301 of MIL-STD-202 with
a suitable resistor in series with the power supply to limit
the charging current to 50 ma. max.
Insulation Resistance – Insulation Resistance shall be
measured in accordance with Method 302 of MIL-STD-202
with rated voltage or 200 VDC whichever is less applied.
The current shall be limited to 50 ma. max. and the charg-
ing time shall be 2.0 minutes maximum.
Burn-In – (Where specified.) 100% of the parts shall be
subjected to 5 cycles of Thermal Shock per Method 107
Test Condition A of MIL-STD-202 followed by voltage con-
ditioning at twice rated voltage and maximum rated tem-
perature for 100 hours or as specified. After Burn-In, parts
shall meet all initial requirements.
Barometric Pressure – Capacitors shall be tested in
accordance with Method 105 of MIL-STD-202 Test
Condition D (100,000 ft.) with 100% rated voltage applied
for 5 seconds with current limited to 50 ma. No evidence of
flashover or damage is permitted.
Solderability – Capacitors shall be tested in accordance
with Method 208 of MIL-STD-202 with 95% coverage of
new solder.
Vibration – Capacitors shall be tested in accordance with
Method 208 Test Condition D of MIL-STD-202 with the
bodies rigidly clamped. The specimens shall be tested in 3
mutually perpendicular planes for a total of 8 hours with
125% rated DC voltage applied. No evidence of opens,
intermittents or shorts is permitted.
Shock – Capacitors shall be tested in accordance with
Method 213 Condition 1 (100 Gs) of MIL-STD-202 with the
bodies rigidly clamped. No evidence of opens, intermit-
tents or shorts is permitted.
Thermal Shock and Immersion – Capacitors shall be
tested in accordance with Method 107 Condition A of
MIL-STD-202 with high test temperature (maximum rated
operating temperature) followed by Method 104 of
MIL-STD-202 Test Condition B.
Moisture Resistance – Capacitors shall be tested in
accordance with Method 106 of MIL-STD-202 with rated
voltage or 100 VDC whichever is less applied for the first 10
cycles.
Resistance to Solder Heat – Capacitors shall be tested in
accordance with Method 210 of MIL-STD-202 with immer-
sion to .050 of body. AVX Ceralam capacitors are manu-
factured with solder which melts at a temperature greater
than 450°F.
General Considerations – The application of voltage or
temperature usually causes temporary changes in the
capacitance of Class 2 ceramic capacitors. These changes
are normally in the positive direction and may cause out-of-
tolerance capacitance readings. If a capacitance reading is
made immediately after a dielectric strength or insulation
resistance test and parts are high capacitance, they should
be re-read after a minimum wait of 12 hours.
9
BASIC CAPACITOR FORMULAS
I. Capacitance (farads)
English: C = .224 K A
TD
Metric: C = .0884 K A
TD
II. Energy stored in capacitors (Joules, watt - sec)
E = 1⁄2 CV
2
III. Linear charge of a capacitor (Amperes)
I = C dV
dt
IV. Total Impedance of a capacitor (ohms)
Z = R
2
S + (XC- XL)
2
V. Capacitive Reactance (ohms)
xc=1
2 πfC
VI. Inductive Reactance (ohms)
xL= 2 πfL
VII. Phase Angles:
Ideal Capacitors: Current leads voltage 90°
Ideal Inductors: Current lags voltage 90°
Ideal Resistors: Current in phase with voltage
VIII. Dissipation Factor (%)
D.F.= tan ␦(loss angle) = E.S.R. = (2 πfC) (E.S.R.)
Xc
IX. Power Factor (%)
P.F. = Sine ␦(loss angle) = Cos f(phase angle)
P.F. = (when less than 10%) = DF
X. Quality Factor (dimensionless)
Q = Cotan ␦(loss angle) = 1
D.F.
XI. Equivalent Series Resistance (ohms)
E.S.R. = (D.F.) (Xc) = (D.F.) / (2 πfC)
XII. Power Loss (watts)
Power Loss = (2 πfCV
2
) (D.F.)
XIII. KVA (Kilowatts)
KVA = 2 πfCV
2
x 10 -3
XIV. Temperature Characteristic (ppm/°C)
T.C. = Ct – C
25
x 10
6
C
25
(Tt– 25)
XV. Cap Drift (%)
C.D. = C
1
– C
2
x 100
C
1
XVI. Reliability of Ceramic Capacitors
L
0
=VtXT
tY
Lt(V
o
)(
T
o
)
XVII. Capacitors in Series (current the same)
Any Number: 1 = 1 + 1 --- 1
CTC1C2CN
C1C2
Two: CT=C1+ C2
XVIII. Capacitors in Parallel (voltage the same)
CT= C1+ C2--- + CN
XIX. Aging Rate
A.R. = %DC/decade of time
XX. Decibels
db = 20 log V1
V2
The Capacitor
冑
Pico X 10-12
Nano X 10-9
Micro X 10-6
Milli X 10-3
Deci X 10-1
Deca X 10+1
Kilo X 10+3
Mega X 10+6
Giga X 10+9
Tera X 10+12
K = Dielectric Constant f = frequency Lt= Test life
A = Area L = Inductance Vt= Test voltage
TD= Dielectric thickness ␦= Loss angle Vo= Operating voltage
V = Voltage f= Phase angle Tt= Test temperature
t = time X & Y = exponent effect of voltage and temp. To= Operating temperature
Rs= Series Resistance Lo= Operating life
METRIC PREFIXES SYMBOLS
10
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Temperature Coefficient
C0G (NP0) Dielectric “A”
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
Capacitance Range
See Individual Parts Specifications
Capacitance Test at 25°C
Measured at 1 VRMS max. at 1 KHz (1 MHz for 1,000 pF or less)
Capacitance Tolerances
C = ±.25 pF, D = ±.50 pF, E = ±0.5%, F = ±1.0%, G = ±2%,
H = ±3%, J = ±5%, K = ±10%, M = ±20%
For values less than 10 pF tightest tolerance available is ±.25 pF
Operating Temperature Range
-55°C to +125°C
Temperature Characteristic
0 ± 30 ppm/°C
Voltage Ratings
200,100 & 50 Vdc
Dissipation Factor
.15% max. (+25°C and +125°C) for values greater than 30 pF
or Q = 20 x C + 400 for values of 30 pF and below.
1.0 VRMS, 1 MHz for values ⬉ 1,000 pF, and
1 KHz for values > 1,000 pF
Insulation Resistance 25°C (MIL-STD-202-Method 302)
100 K megohms or 1000 megohms - µF minimum,
whichever is less
Dielectric Strength
250% of rated Vdc
Life Test (1,000 hours)
200% rated voltage at +125°C
Moisture Resistance (MIL-STD-202-Method 106)
Thermal Shock (MIL-STD-202-Method 107, condition A,
at rated elevated temperature)
-55°C to +125°C
Immersion Cycling (MIL-STD-202-Method 104, condition B)
For current reliability information, consult factory.
Typical Capacitance Change
Envelope: 0±30 ppm/°C
+0.5
0
-0.5
% ⌬ Capacitance
-55 -35 -15 +5 +25 +45 +65 +85 +105 +125
Temperature °C
+0.1
+0.2
0
-0.1
-0.2
% ⌬ Capacitance
1 10 100 1,000 10,000
Hours
+0.1
+0.2
0
-0.1
-0.2
% ⌬ Capacitance
25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200
D. C. Volts Applied
Insulation Resistance (Ohm-Farads)
0
100
1,000
10,000
+25+20 +40 +60 +80 +100 +150
Temperature °C
Aging Rate
Voltage Coefficient
Insulation Resistance vs. Temp.
11
X7R Dielectric “C”
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
Capacitance Range
See Individual Parts Specifications
Capacitance Test at 25°C
Measured at 1 VRMS max. at 1 KHz
Capacitance Tolerances
J = ±5%, K = ±10%, M = ±20%
Operating Temperature Range
-55°C to +125°C
Temperature Characteristic
± 15% (0 Vdc)
Voltage Ratings
200,100 & 50 Vdc
Dissipation Factor
2.5% max. at 1 KHz, 1 VRMS max.
Insulation Resistance 25°C (MIL-STD-202-Method 302)
100 K megohms or 1000 megohms - µF minimum,
whichever is less
Dielectric Strength
250% of rated Vdc
Life Test (1,000 hours)
200% rated voltage at +125°C
Moisture Resistance (MIL-STD-202-Method 106)
Thermal Shock (MIL-STD-202-Method 107, condition A,
at rated elevated temperature)
-55°C to +125°C
Immersion Cycling (MIL-STD-202-Method 104, condition B)
For current reliability information, consult factory.
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Temperature Coefficient
+6
% ⌬ Capacitance
-75 -50 -25 0 +25 +50 +75 +100 +125
Temperature °C
+12
0
-6
-12
-18
-24
+10
% ⌬ Capacitance
+20
0
-10
-20
1 kHz 10 kHz 100 kHz 1 MHz 10 MHz 100 MHz
Frequency
% ⌬ Capacitance
+10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
20 40 60 80 100
D.C. Volts Applied
100 Vdc Rated Parts
50/63 Rated Parts
Insulation Resistance (Ohm-Farads)
10
100
1,000
10,000
+25+20 +40 +60 +80 +100 +150
Temperature °C
∆Capacitance vs. Frequency
Voltage Coefficient
Insulation Resistance vs. Temp.
12
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Temperature Coefficient
Z5U Dielectric “E”
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
Capacitance Range
See Individual Parts Specifications
Capacitance Test at 25°C
Measured at 0.5 VRMS max. at 1 KHz
Capacitance Tolerances
M = ±20%, Z = +80%, -20%, P = GMV*
Operating Temperature Range
+10°C to +85°C
Temperature Characteristic
+22%, -56%
Voltage Ratings
100 & 50 Vdc
Dissipation Factor
4.0% max. at 1 KHz, .5 VRMS max.
Insulation Resistance 25°C (MIL-STD-202-Method 302)
10 K megohms or 100 megohms - µF minimum,
whichever is less
Dielectric Strength
200% of rated Vdc
Life Test (1,000 hours)
150% rated voltage at +85°C
Moisture Resistance (MIL-STD-202-Method 106)
Immersion Cycling (MIL-STD-202-Method 104, condition B)
For current reliability information, consult factory.
*Guaranteed Minimum Value
+20
% ⌬ Capacitance
-40 -60 -20 0+20 +40 +60 +80 +100 +120 +140
Temperature °C
+30
0
-20
-40
-60
0
% ⌬ Capacitance
-10
-20
-30
-40
1 kHz 10 kHz 100 kHz 1 MHz 10 MHz 100 MHz
Frequency
10k
Insulation Resistance (Ohm-Farads)
-40 -60 -20 0+20 +40 +60 +80 +100 +120 +140
Temperature °C
100k
1000
100
10
0
% ⌬ Capacitance
-20
-40
+20
-60
-80
025 50 75 100 125
Volts D.C. Applied
Voltage coefficient for
individual capacitors
within this envelope must
be calculated based
upon WVDC / MIL.
∆Capacitance vs. Frequency
Insulation Resistance vs. Temp.
Voltage Coefficient
13
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
Capacitance Range
Contact AVX
Capacitance Test at 25°C
Measured at 1.0 VRMS max. at 1 KHz
Capacitance Tolerances
+80%, -20%
Operating Temperature Range
-30°C to +85°C
Temperature Characteristic
+22%, -82%
Voltage Ratings
100 & 50 Vdc
Dissipation Factor
7% max. (<25 volts)
5% max. (≥25 volts)
at 1 KHz, 1.0 VRMS max.
Insulation Resistance 25°C (MIL-STD-202-Method 302)
10 K megohms or 100 megohms - µF minimum,
whichever is less
Dielectric Strength
200% of rated Vdc
Life Test (1,000 hours)
150% rated voltage at +85°C
Moisture Resistance (MIL-STD-202-Method 106)
Immersion Cycling (MIL-STD-202-Method 104, condition B)
-50 -30 0 +25 +60 +85
120
100
80
60
40
20
Percent of Capacitance
Temperature, C
o
Special Dielectrics
Y5V (Dielectric “G”)
Typical Temperature Characteristic
Y5V
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
14
Radial Leads/SkyCap®
See Note
See Note
Dimensions: Millimeters (Inches)
Note: Coating clean .784/.031 min.
above seating plane
Styles SR15, SR20,
SR30, SR40, SR50
Style SR21
Styles SR22, SR27
W
Max.
W
Max.
W
Max.
Max.
T
Max.
T
Max.
T
L.S.
±.762/.030
L.S.
±.762/.030
L.S.
±.762/.030
H Max.
H Max.
H Max.
1.0" Min.
1.0" Min.
1.0" Min.
LD
Nom.
LD
Nom.
LD
Nom.
1.52/.060
Max.
HOW TO ORDER
AVX Styles: SR15, SR20, SR21, SR22, SR27, SR30, SR40, SR50
Part Number Example
SR21 5 E 10 4 M A A
AVX Style
Voltage
Temperature Coefficient
Sig. Figures of Capacitance
Multiplier (Additional no. of zeros)
Capacitance Tolerance
Failure Rate Not Applicable
Leads
GENERAL INFORMATION
AVX SR Series
Conformally Coated Radial Leaded MLC
Temperature Coefficients: C0G (NP0), X7R, Z5U
200, 100, 50 Volts (300V, 400V & 500V also available)
Case Material: Epoxy
Lead Material: Solderable
Part Number Codes
Voltages: 50V = 5, 100V = 1, 200V = 2,
300V = 9, 400V = 8, 500V = 7
Temp. Coefficient: C0G (NP0) = A, X7R = C, Z5U = E
Sig. Figures of Capacitance and Multiplier:
First two digits are the significant figures of capacitance.
Third digit indicates the additional number of zeros. For
example, order 100,000 pF as 104. (For values below
10pF, use “R” in place of decimal point, e.g., 1R4 = 1.4 pF).
Capacitance Tolerances:
C0G (NP0): C = ±.25pF, D = ±.5pF, F = ±1.0% (>50 pF only)
G = ±2.0% (>25 pF only), J = ±5%, K = ±10%
X7R: J = ±5%, K = ±10%, M = ±20%
Z5U: M = ±20%, Z = +80%,-20%
Failure Rate: A = Not Applicable
Leads: T = Trimmed Leads, .230" ± .030"
A = Long Leads, 1.0" minimum
(Other lead lengths are available, contact AVX)
MARKING
PACKAGING REQUIREMENTS
XXX
X X X
FRONT
XXX
A XX
BACK
Capacitance Code
Tolerance Code
Voltage Code
Temp. Char. Code
3 Digit Date Code
Lot Code
AVX Logo
Quantity per Bag
SR15, 20, 21, 22, 27, 30 1000 Pieces
SR40, 50 500 Pieces
Note: SR15, SR20, SR21, SR30, and SR40 available on tape and reel per EIA
specifications RS-468. See Pages 24 and 25.
15
Radial Leads/SkyCap®
C0G (NP0) Dielectric
SIZE AND CAPACITANCE SPECIFICATIONS
EIA Characteristic Dimensions: Millimeters (Inches)
For other styles, voltages, tolerances and lead lengths see Part No. Codes or contact factory.
*Other capacitance values available upon special request.
NOTE: Capacitance Ranges available for SR12 same as SR15
SR62 same as SR21
SR64 same as SR30
SR89 same as SR21
= Industry preferred values
= SR20 only
200 100 50 200 100 50 200 100 50 200 100 50 100 50 100 50 100 50
AVX Style SR15 SR20 SR21 SR22 SR27 SR30 SR40 SR50
AVX “Insertable” SR07 SR29 SR59 N/A N/A SR65 SR75 N/A
Width 3.81 5.08 5.08 5.08 6.604 7.62 10.16 12.70
(W) (.150) (.200) (.200) (.200) (.260) (.300) (.400) (.500)
Height 3.81 5.08 5.08 5.08 6.35 7.62 10.16 12.70
(H) (.150) (.200) (.200) (.200) (.250) (.300) (.400) (.500)
Thickness 2.54 3.175 3.175 3.175 4.06 3.81 3.81 5.08
(T) (.100) (.125) (.125) (.125) (.160) (.150) (.150) (.200)
Lead Spacing 2.54 2.54 5.08 6.35 7.62 5.08 5.08 10.16
(L.S.) (.100) (.100) (.200) (.250) (.300) (.200) (.200) (.400)
Lead Diameter .508 .508 .508 .508 .508 .508 .508 .635
(L.D.) (.020) (.020) (.020) (.020) (.020) (.020) (.020) (.025)
Cap. in.* Industry Preferred WVDC WVDC WVDC WVDC WVDC WVDC WVDC WVDC
pF Values in Blue 200 100 50
1.0-9.9 SR151A1R0DAA
10 SR151A100KAA
15 SR-----A150KAA
22 SR-----A220KAA
33 SR-----A330KAA
39 SR-----A390KAA
47 SR-----A470KAA
68 SR-----A680KAA
100 SR151A101KAA
150 SR-----A151KAA
220 SR-----A221KAA
330 SR-----A331KAA
390 SR-----A391KAA
470 SR-----A471KAA
680 SR-----A681KAA
1000 SR211A102KAA
1500 SR-----A152KAA
2200 SR-----A222KAA
3900 SR-----A392KAA
4700 SR-----A472KAA
6800 SR-----A682KAA
8200 SR-----A822KAA
10,000 SR305A103KAA
15,000 SR-----A153KAA
22,000 SR-----A223KAA
33,000 SR-----A333KAA
39,000 SR-----A393KAA
47,000 SR-----A473KAA
68,000 SR-----A683KAA
100,000 SR-----A104KAA
16
Radial Leads/SkyCap®
X7R Dielectric
SIZE AND CAPACITANCE SPECIFICATIONS
EIA Characteristic Dimensions: Millimeters (Inches)
For other styles, voltages, tolerances and lead lengths see Part No. Codes or contact factory.
*Other capacitance values available upon special request.
NOTE: Capacitance Ranges available for SR12 same as SR15
SR62 same as SR21
SR64 same as SR30
SR89 same as SR21
AVX Style SR15 SR20 SR21 SR22 SR27 SR30 SR40 SR50
AVX “Insertable” SR07 SR29 SR59 N/A N/A SR65 SR75 N/A
Width 3.81 5.08 5.08 5.08 6.604 7.62 10.16 12.70
(W) (.150) (.200) (.200) (.200) (.260) (.300) (.400) (.500)
Height 3.81 5.08 5.08 5.08 6.35 7.62 10.16 12.70
(H) (.150) (.200) (.200) (.200) (.250) (.300) (.400) (.500)
Thickness 2.54 3.175 3.175 3.175 4.06 3.81 3.81 5.08
(T) (.100) (.125) (.125) (.125) (.160) (.150) (.150) (.200)
Lead Spacing 2.54 2.54 5.08 6.35 7.62 5.08 5.08 10.16
(L.S.) (.100) (.100) (.200) (.250) (.300) (.200) (.200) (.400)
Lead Diameter .508 .508 .508 .508 .508 .508 .508 .635
(L.D.) (.020) (.020) (.020) (.020) (.020) (.020) (.020) (.025)
Cap. in.* Industry Preferred WVDC WVDC WVDC WVDC WVDC WVDC WVDC WVDC
pF Values in Blue 200 100 50 200 100 50 100 50 100 50 100 50 200 100 50 200 100 50 200 100 50
470 SR-----C471KAA
1000 SR155C102KAA
1500 SR-----C152KAA
2200 SR-----C222KAA
3300 SR-----C332KAA
4700 SR-----C472KAA
6800 SR-----C682KAA
10,000 SR215C103KAA
15,000 SR-----C153KAA
22,000 SR-----C223KAA
33,000 SR-----C333KAA
47,000 SR-----C473KAA
68,000 SR-----C683KAA
100,000 SR215C104KAA
150,000 SR-----C154KAA
220,000 SR215C224KAA
330,000 SR-----C334KAA
390,000 SR-----C394KAA
470,000 SR305C474KAA
1.0 µF SR305C105KAA
2.2 µF SR405C225KAA
2.7 µF SR505C275KAA
4.7 µF SR505C475KAA
= Industry preferred values
= SR20 only
17
Radial Leads/SkyCap®
Z5U Dielectric
SIZE AND CAPACITANCE SPECIFICATIONS
EIA Characteristic Dimensions: Millimeters (Inches)
For other styles, voltages, tolerances and lead lengths see Part No. Codes or contact factory.
*Other capacitance values available upon special request.
MAXIMUM CAPACITANCE VALUE
STYLE* C0G (NP0) X7R
SR29 900 pF .015 µF
SR20 1800 pF .033 µF
SR28
SR59 900 pF .015 µF
SR13
SR21 1800 pF .033 µF
SR30
SR61 7200 pF .12 µF
SR65
SR40
SR75 .015 µF .27 µF
SR22 1800 pF .033 µF
SR27 1800 pF .033 µF
SR76 .015 µF .27 µF
SR50 .036 µF .59 µF
AVX 500 VOLT SKYCAPS**
*Consult pages 18 and 19 for style sizes.
**Voltage rating based on DWV of 150% of rated voltage.
AVX Style SR15 SR20 SR21 SR22 SR27 SR30 SR40 SR50
AVX “Insertable” SR07 SR29 SR59 N/A N/A SR65 SR75 N/A
Width 3.81 5.08 5.08 5.08 6.604 7.62 10.16 12.70
(W) (.150) (.200) (.200) (.200) (.260) (.300) (.400) (.500)
Height 3.81 5.08 5.08 5.08 6.35 7.62 10.16 12.70
(H) (.150) (.200) (.200) (.200) (.250) (.300) (.400) (.500)
Thickness 2.54 3.175 3.175 3.175 4.06 3.81 3.81 5.08
(T) (.100) (.125) (.125) (.125) (.160) (.150) (.150) (.200)
Lead Spacing 2.54 2.54 5.08 6.35 7.62 5.08 5.08 10.16
(L.S.) (.100) (.100) (.200) (.250) (.300) (.200) (.200) (.400)
Lead Diameter .508 .508 .508 .508 .508 .508 .508 .635
(L.D.) (.020) (.020) (.020) (.020) (.020) (.020) (.020) (.025)
Cap. in.* Industry Preferred WVDC WVDC WVDC WVDC WVDC WVDC WVDC WVDC
pF Values in Blue 100 50 100 50 100 50 100 50 100 50 100 50 100 50 100 50
10,000 SR155E103ZAA
47,000 SR-----E473ZAA
100,000 SR215E104ZAA
150,000 SR-----E154ZAA
220,000 SR215E224ZAA
330,000 SR215E334ZAA
470,000 SR215E474ZAA
680,000 SR-----E684ZAA
1.0 µF SR-----105ZAA
1.5 µF SR30E155ZAA
2.2 µF SR30E225ZAA
3.3 µF SR30E335ZAA
4.7 µF SR30E475ZAA
= Industry preferred values
= SR20 only