RT9293
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DS9293-01 April 2011 www.richtek.com
Ordering Information
Note :
Richtek products are :
` RoHS compliant and compatible with the current require-
ments of IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020.
` Suitable for use in SnPb or Pb-free soldering processes.
Pin Configurations
WDFN-8L 2x2
(TOP VIEW)
Marking Information
For marking information, conta ct our sales representative
directly or through a Richtek distributor located in your
area.
Applications
zCellular Phones
zDigital Ca meras
zPDAs a nd Smart Phones a nd MP3 and OLED.
zPortable Instruments
TSOT-23-6
GND
VIN LX
NC
FB
VOUT 7
6
5
1
2
3
4
8
EN GND
9
GND
Small Package, High Performance, Asynchronies Boost
for 10 WLED Driver
General Description
The RT9293 is a high frequency, asynchronous boost
converter. The internal MOSFET can support up to 10
White LEDs for ba cklighting and OLED power application,
a nd the intern al soft start function ca n reduce the inrush
current. The device operates with 1-MHz fixed switching
frequency to allow small external components and to
simplify possible EMI problems. For the protection, the
RT9293A provides 50V OVP a nd the RT9293B provides
50V/20V OVP to allow inexpensive and small-output
ca pa citors with lower voltage ratings. The LED current is
initially set with the external sense resistor RSET. The
RT9293 is availa ble in the tiny pa ckage type TSOT -23-6
a nd WDFN-8L 2x2 pa ck ages to provide the best solution
for PCB space saving and total BOM cost.
Features
zz
zz
zVIN Operating Range : 2.5V to 5.5V
zz
zz
zInternal Power N-MOSFET Switch
zz
zz
zWide Range for PWM Dimming (100Hz to200kHz)
zz
zz
zMinimize the External Component Counts
zz
zz
zInternal Soft Start
zz
zz
zInternal Compensation
zz
zz
zUnder Voltage Protection
zz
zz
zOver Voltage Protection
zz
zz
zOver Temperature Protection
zz
zz
zSmall TSOT-23-6 and 8-Lead WDFN Packages
zz
zz
zRoHS Compliant and Halogen Free
LX GND FB
VINVOUT EN
4
23
56
Package Type
J6 : TSOT-23-6
QW : WDFN-8L 2x2 (W-Type)
Lead Plating System
G : Green (Halogen Free and Pb Free)
Feedback Voltage Reference
A : 104mV
B : 300mV
RT9293
OVP Voltage
Default : 50V (RT9293A/B)
20 : 20V (RT9293B)
( )
-
RT9293
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Function Block Diagram
Functional Pin Description
Pin No.
RT9293□GJ6 RT9293□GQW Pin Name Pin Function
1 8 LX Switching Pin.
2 1, 5,
9 (Exposed pad) GND Ground Pin. The exposed pad must be soldered to a large
PCB and connected to GND for maximum power dissipation.
3 6 FB Feedback Pin, put a resistor to GND to setting the current.
4 4 E N Chip Enable (Active High).
5 3 V OUT Output Voltage Pin.
6 2 VIN Input Supply.
-- 7 NC No Internal Connection.
Typical Application Circuit
VIN
EN FB
VOUT
GND
RT9293
CIN
2.2µF
RSET
Chip Enable
L
22µH to 47µH
10 WLEDs
LX
VIN COUT
1µF
VOUT
D
Logic Control,
Minimum On
Time Current-
Sense
OCP
Driver
-
+
+
Slope
Compensation
+
-
PWM
EA
GM
LPF 20ms
Shutdown
Enable
Logic
OVP
OTP
UVLO
VREF 1µA
LX
GND
FB
VOUT
VIN
EN
Internal
Compensation
Internal
Soft Start
PWM
Oscillator
Reference
Voltage
Bias
Current
RT9293
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DS9293-01 April 2011 www.richtek.com
Electrical Characteristics
Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit
Input Volt age VIN 2.5 -- 5.5 V
U nder Volt age Loc k Ou t V UVLO 2 2.2 2.45 V
U VLO Hyst er esi s - - 0. 1 -- V
Quiescent Current IQ FB = 1. 5V, No S wi tching -- 400 600 μA
Supply Current IIN FB = 0V, Sw itching - - 1 2 mA
S hutdow n Cur r ent I SHDN V
EN < 0.4V - - 1 4 μA
Li ne Regula ti on VIN = 3 to 4.3V -- 1 - - %
Load Regulation 1mA to 20m A - - 1 -- %
Operation Fr equency fOSC 0.75 1 1.25 MHz
M axi mu m Duty C ycle 90 92 -- %
C lock R at e 0. 1 - - 200 kHz
RT9293A 94 104 114
Feedback R ef erence
Voltage RT9293B VREF 285 300 315
mV
O n Resist ance R DS(ON) -- 0.7 1.2 Ω
To be continued
Recommended Operating Conditions (Note 3)
zJunction T emperature Range-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- −40°C to 125°C
zAmbient T emperature Range-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- −40°C to 85°C
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
zSupply Input Voltage, VIN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ −0.3V to 6V
zSwitching Pin, LX---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- −0.3V to 50V
zVOUT------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- −0.3V to 46V
zOther Pins------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- −0.3V to 6V
zPower Dissipation, PD @ TA = 25°C
TSOT-23-6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0.392W
WDFN−8L 2x2-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0.606W
zPa ckage Thermal Resista nce (Note 2)
TSOT -23-6, θJA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 255°C/W
WDFN−8L 2x2, θJA -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 165°C/W
WDFN−8L 2x2, θJC -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20°C/W
zLead T emperature (Soldering, 10 sec.)------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 260°C
zJunction T emperature----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 150°C
zStorage T emperature Range -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- −65°C to 150°C
(VIN = 3.7V, CIN = 2.2μF, COUT = 0.47μF, IOUT = 20mA, L = 22μH, TA = 25°C, unless otherwise specified)
RT9293
4DS9293-01 April 2011www.richtek.com
Note 1. Stresses listed as the above “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are for
stress ratings. Functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the
operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended
periods may remain possibility to affect device reliability.
Note 2. θJA is measured in the natural convection at TA = 25°C on a low effective single layer thermal conductivity test board of
JEDEC 51-3 thermal measurement standard. The case point of θJC is on the expose pad for the WDFN package.
Note 3. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating conditions.
Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit
Logic-High VIH 1.4 -- --
EN Threshold
Vo ltage Logic-Low VIL -- -- 0.5
V
EN Sink Cu rren t IIH -- 1 --
μA
E N Hys t er esi s - - 0.1 -- V
OVP = 50V 42 46 50
Over-V oltag e
Threshold RT9293B-20 VOVP 16 17.5 20 V
Over-Current Thr eshold IOCP 1 1.2 -- A
OTP TOTP -- 160 -- °C
OTP Hysteresis -- 30 -- °C
Shutdown Dela y TSHDN -- 20 -- ms
RT9293
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DS9293-01 April 2011 www.richtek.com
Typical Operating Characteristics
Frequency vs. Input Voltage
800
850
900
950
1000
1050
1100
2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5
In put Voltage (V)
Fr equency (kHz)
ILED = 20mA
Output Voltage vs. Output Current
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
5 1525354555657585
Ou tput Current (mA)
Output Voltage ( V)
VIN = 3.7V, VOUT = 34V
Efficiency vs. Input Voltage
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2.533.544.555.5
In put Voltage (V)
Eff iciency (%)
VOUT = 34V
ILOAD = 10mA
ILOAD = 20mA
ILOAD = 30mA
Efficiency vs. Output Current
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3
Ou tput Curren t (A)
Efficiency (%)
VOUT = 10V
VIN = 4V
VIN = 4.5V
Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5
In put Volt age (V)
Quiescent C urrent (µA
)
VFB = 1.5V
Frequency vs. Te m pe rature
800
850
900
950
1000
1050
1100
-40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
Temperature (°C)
Fr equency (kHz
)
VIN = 3.7V, ILED = 20mA
RT9293
6DS9293-01 April 2011www.richtek.com
Enable Threshold vs. Input Voltage
0.80
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.88
0.90
0.92
0.94
0.96
0.98
1.00
2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5
In put Vo lt ag e (V)
Enabl e Voltage ( V )
Referenc e Voltage vs. Input Voltage
0.17
0.2
0.23
0.26
0.29
0.32
2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5
In put Voltage (V)
Refer ence V olt age (V)
VOUT = 34V, IOUT = No Load
10WLED, ILED = 20mA
Rising
Falling
Reference Voltage vs. Output Current
0.290
0.294
0.298
0.302
0.306
0.310
0.314
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Ou tput Current (mA)
Refer ence Volt age (V)
VOUT = 34V
VIN = 3V
VIN = 3.7V VIN = 4.2V
LE D Current vs. Du t y
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 102030405060708090100
Duty (%)
LED Current (mA)
f = 200Hz
f = 2kHz
f = 20kHz
f = 200kHz
6WLED, ILED = 20mA, V IN = 3.7V
Power On from EN
Time (1ms/Div)
VOUT
(10V/Div)
VEN
(2V/Div)
VIN = 3.7V, ILED = 20mA
Reference Voltage vs. Temperature
0.26
0.27
0.28
0.29
0.30
0.31
0.32
0.33
0.34
-40 -15 10 35 60 85
Temperature ( °C )
Refer ence V olt age (V)
ILED = 20mA
VIN = 3V
VIN = 3.7V
VIN = 4.2V
RT9293
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DS9293-01 April 2011 www.richtek.com
Ripple Voltage
VIN
(20mV/Div)
Time (500ns/Div)
VOUT
(20mV/Div)
VIN = 3.7V, ILED = 20mA
Power Off from EN
Time (1ms/Div)
VOUT
(10V/Div)
VEN
(2V/Div)
VIN = 3.7V, ILED = 20mA
PWM Dimming from EN
Time (10μs/Div)
ILED
(10mA/Div)
VEN
(4V/Div)
VIN = 3.7V, ILED = 20mA
f = 20kHz
PWM Dimming from EN
Time (1ms/Div)
ILED
(10mA/Div)
VEN
(4V/Div)
VIN = 3.7V, ILED = 20mA
f = 200Hz
RT9293
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Applications Information
LED Current Setting
The loop of Boost structure will keep the FB pin voltage
equal to the reference voltage VREF. Therefore, when RSET
connects FB pin and GND, the current flows from VOUT
through LED and RSET to GND will be decided by the current
on RSET, which is equal to following equation :
REF
LED
SET
V
I = R
b. Using a DC Voltage
Using a variable DC voltage to adjust the brightness is a
popular method in some applications. The dimming control
using a DC voltage circuit is shown in Figure 2. As the DC
voltage increases, the current flows through R3
increasingly and the voltage drop on R3 increase, i.e. the
LED current decreases. For example, if the VDC range is
from 0V to 2.8V and assume the RT9293 is selected which
VREF is equal to 0.3V, the selection of resistors in Figure
2 sets the LED current from 21mA to 0mA. The LED
current can be calculated by the following equation.
DCREF
REF
LED SET
R3(VV)
VR4
I = R
×−
−
Figure 2. Dimming Control Using a DC Voltage
Figure 1. Block Diagram of Programmable FB Voltage
Using PWM Signal
Dimming Control
a. Using a PWM Signal to EN Pin
For the brightness dimming control of the RT9293, the IC
provides typically 300mV feedback voltage when the EN
pin is pulled constantly high. However, EN pin allows a
PWM signal to reduce this regulation voltage by changing
the PWM duty cycle to achieve LED brightness dimming
control. The relationship between the duty cycle and FB
voltage can be calculated as following equation :
VFB = Duty x 300mV
Where
Duty = duty cycle of the PWM signal
300mV = internal reference voltage
As shown in Figure 1, the duty cycle of the PWM signal
is used to cut the internal 300mV reference voltage. An
internal low pass filter is used to filter the pulse signal.
And then the reference voltage can be made by connecting
the output of the filter to the error amplifier for the FB pin
voltage regulation.
However, the internal low pass filter 3db frequency is
500Hz. When the dimming frequency is lower then 500Hz,
VA is also a PWM signal and the LED current is controlled
directly by this signal. When the frequency is higher than
500Hz, PWM is filtered by the internal low pass filter and
the VA approach a DC signal. And the LED current is a DC
current which elimate the audio noise. Two figures of PWM
Dimming from EN are shown in Typical Operating
Characteristics section and the PWM dimming frequency
is 200Hz and 20kHz respectively.
But there is an offset in error amplifier which will cause
the VA variation. In low PWM duty signal situation, the
filtered reference voltage is low and the offset can cause
bigger variation of the output current. So the RT9293A is
not recommend to be dimming by the EN pin. For the
RT9293B, the minimum duty vs frequency is listed in
following table.
Duty Minimum
Dimming frequency
< 500Hz
4%
Dimming frequency > 500Hz
10%
+
-EA
FB
To Controller
300mV
EN VA
LX
FB
VIN
EN
VOUT
RT9293
GND
CIN
2.2µF
L
COUT
VIN
10µH to 47µH
2.5V to 5.5V
1µF
VOUT
RSET
WLEDs
D
Chip Enable
R3
10k
R4
85k 16
VDC Dimming
0V to 2.8V
RT9293
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DS9293-01 April 2011 www.richtek.com
c. Using a Filtered PWM signal
Another common application is using a filtered PWM
signal as an adjustable DC voltage for LED dimming control.
A filtered PWM signal acts as the DC voltage to regulate
the output current. The recommended application circuit
is shown as Figure 3. In this circuit, the output ripple
depends on the frequency of PWM signal. For smaller
output voltage ripple (<100mV), the recommended
frequency of 2.8V PWM signal should be above 2kHz. To
fix the frequency of PWM signal and change the duty cycle
of PWM signal can get different output current. The LED
current can be calculated by the following equation :
PWMREF
REF DC
LED SET
R3(VDutyV)
VR4R
I = R
××−
−+
Figure 3. Dimming Control Using a Filtered PWM Signal
By the above equation and the application circuit shown
in Figure 3, and assume the RT9293 is selected which
VREF is equal to 0.3V. Figure 4 shows the relationship
between the LED current and PWM duty cycle. For
example, when the PWM duty is equal to 60%, the LED
current will be equal to 8.6mA. When the PWM duty is
equal to 40%, the LED current will be equal to 12.7mA.
Constant Output Voltage Control
The output voltage of the R9293 can be adjusted by the
divider circuit on the FB pin. Figure 5 shows the application
circuit for the constant output voltage. The output voltage
can be calculated by the following equations :
OUTREF R1R2
V = V ; R2 >10k
R2
+
×
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 20 40 60 80 100
PWM Duty (%)
LED Current (mA)
Figure 4. PWM Duty Cycle vs. LED Current
Figure 5. Constant Output Voltage Application
Figure 6. Application for Driving 3 X 13 WLEDs
LX
FB
VIN
EN
VOUT
RT9293
GND
CIN
2.2µF
L
COUT
VIN
10µH to 47µH
2.5V to 5.5V
1µF
VOUT
R1
D
Chip Enable
R2
LX
EN
VIN
FB
VOUT
RT9293
GND
L
22µHD
CIN
2.2µF
VIN
Chip Enable
COUT
1µF
VOUT
…
RSET
3 x 13 WLEDs
LX
FB
VIN
EN
VOUT
RT9293
GND
CIN
2.2µF
L
COUT
VIN
10µH to 47µH
2.5V to 5.5V
1µF
VOUT
RSET
WLEDs
D
Chip Enable
R3
10k
R4
3k
RDC
82k
16
CDC
1µF
PWM Signal
0V
2.8V
RT9293
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Power Sequence
In order to assure the normal soft start function for
suppressing the inrush current the input voltage should
be ready before EN pulls high.
Soft-Start
The function of soft-start is made for suppressing the inrush
current to an acceptable value at the beginning of power-
on. The RT9293 provides a built-in soft-start function by
clamping the output voltage of error amplifier so that the
duty cycle of the PWM will be increased gradually in the
soft-start period.
Current Limiting
The current flow through inductor as charging period is
detected by a current sensing circuit. As the value comes
across the current limiting threshold, the N-MOSFET will
be turned off so that the inductor will be forced to leave
charging stage and enter discharging stage. Therefore,
the inductor current will not increase over the current
limiting threshold.
OVP/UVLO/OTP
The Over Voltage Protection is detected by a junction
breakdown detecting circuit. Once VOUT goes over the
detecting voltage, LX pin stops switching and the power
N-MOSFET will be turned off. Then, the VOUT will be
clamped to be near VOVP. As the output voltage is higher
than a specified value or input voltage is lower than a
specified value, the chip will enter protection mode to
prevent abnormal function. As the die temperature is higher
then 160°C, the chip also will enter protection mode. The
power MOSFET will be turned off during protection mode
to prevent abnormal operation.
Application for Driving 3 x 13 WLEDs
The RT9293 can drive different WLEDs topology. For
example, the Figure 6 shows the 3x13 WLEDs and total
current is equal to 260mA. The total WLEDs current can
be set by the RSET which is equal to following equation.
REF
Total
SET
V
I = R
Inductor Selection
The recommended value of inductor for 10 WLEDs
applications is from 10µH to 47µH. Small size and better
efficiency are the major concerns for portable devices,
such as the RT9293 used for mobile phone. The inductor
should have low core loss at 1MHz and low DCR for better
efficiency. The inductor saturation current rating should
be considered to cover the inductor peak current.
Capacitor Selection
Input ceramic capacitor of 2.2µF and output ceramic
capacitor of 1µF are recommended for the RT9293
applications for driving 10 series WLEDs. For better
voltage filtering, ceramic capacitors with low ESR are
recommended. X5R and X7R types are suitable because
of their wider voltage and temperature ranges.
Thermal Considerations
For continuous operation, do not exceed absolute
maximum operation junction temperature. The maximum
power dissipation depends on the thermal resistance of
IC package, PCB layout, the rate of surroundings airflow
and temperature difference between junction to ambient.
The maximum power dissipation can be calculated by
following formula :
PD(MAX) = ( TJ(MAX) − TA ) / θJA
Where TJ(MAX) is the maximum operation junction
temperature, TA is the ambient temperature and the θJA is
the junction to ambient thermal resistance.
For the recommended operating conditions specification
of RT9293, the maximum junction temperature of the die
is 125°C. The junction to ambient thermal resistance θJA
is layout dependent. The junction to ambient thermal
resistance for TSOT-23-6 package is 255°C/W and for
WDFN-8L 2x2 package is 165°C/W on the standard
JEDEC 51-3 single layer thermal test board. The maximum
power dissipation at TA = 25°C can be calculated by
following formula :
PD(MAX) = (125°C − 25°C) / (165°C/W) = 0.606W for
WDFN-8L 2x2 packages
PD(MAX) = (125°C − 25°C) / (255°C/W) = 0.392W for
TSOT-23-6 packages
RT9293
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The maximum power dissipation depends on operating
ambient temperature for fixed TJ(MAX) and thermal
resistance θJA. For RT9293 packages, the Figure 7 of
derating curves allows the designer to see the effect of
rising ambient temperature on the maximum power
allowed.
Figure 7. Derating Curves for RT9293 Packages
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
025 50 75 100 125
Ambient Temperature (°C)
Maximum Power Dissipation (W)
WDFN-8L 2x2
(°C)
TSOT-23-6
Single Layer PCB
Layout Consideration
For best performance of the RT9293, the following
guidelines must be strictly followed.
}Input and Output capacitors should be placed close to
the IC and connected to ground plane to reduce noise
coupling.
}The GND and Exposed Pad should be connected to a
strong ground plane for heat sinking and noise protection.
}Keep the main current traces as possible as short and
wide.
}LX node of DC-DC converter is with high frequency
voltage swing. It should be kept at a small area.
}Place the feedback components as close as possible
to the IC and keep away from the noisy devices.
RSET
VIN
GND
WLEDs
The inductor should be placed as close as
possible to the switch pin to minimize the
noise coupling into other circuits.
LX node copper area should be minimized
for reducing EMI.
FB node copper area should be
minimized and keep far away
from noise sources (LX pin) and
RS should be as close as
possible to FB pin.
CIN should be placed
as closed as possible
to VIN pin for good
filtering.
The COUT should be connected
directly from the output schottky
diode to ground rather than
across the WLEDs
4
2
3
5
61 VIN
VOUT
EN
LX
GND
FB
LD
CIN
COUT
Figure 8. The Layout Consideration of the RT9293
Reference
Qty
Part Number Description Manufacture
D 1 SR26 Schottky Diode PANJIT
CIN 1 EMK107BJ225MA-T
Capacitor, Ceramic, 2.2µF/16V X5R
Taiyo Yuden
COUT 1 GMK107BJ105KA Capacitor, Ceramic, 1µF/50V X5R Taiyo Yuden
RSET 1 RC0603FR Resistor 15Ω, 1% YAGEO
L 1 NR4018T220M Inductor, 22µH Taiyo Yuden
Table 1. Recommended Components for Typical Application Circuit
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Outline Dimension
TSOT-23-6 Surface Mount Package
Dimensions In Millimeters
Dimensions In Inches
Symbol Min Max Min Max
A 0.700 1.000 0.028 0.039
A1 0.000 0.100 0.000 0.004
B 1.397 1.803 0.055 0.071
b 0.300 0.559 0.012 0.022
C 2.591 3.000 0.102 0.118
D 2.692 3.099 0.106 0.122
e 0.838 1.041 0.033 0.041
H 0.080 0.254 0.003 0.010
L 0.300 0.610 0.012 0.024
AA1
e
b
B
D
C
H
L
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Information that is provided by Richtek Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. Richtek reserves the right to make any change in circuit
design, specification or other related things if necessary without notice at any time. No third party intellectual property infringement of the applications should be
guaranteed by users when integrating Richtek products into any application. No legal responsibility for any said applications is assumed by Richtek.
Richtek Technology Corporation
Headquarter
5F, No. 20, Taiyuen Street, Chupei City
Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Tel: (8863)5526789 Fax: (8863)5526611
Richtek Technology Corporation
Taipei Office (Marketing)
5F, No. 95, Minchiuan Road, Hsintien City
Taipei County, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Tel: (8862)86672399 Fax: (8862)86672377
Email: marketing@richtek.com
W-Type 8L DFN 2x2 Package
Dimensions In Millimeters
Dimensions In Inches
Symbol Min Max Min Max
A 0.700 0.800 0.028 0.031
A1 0.000 0.050 0.000 0.002
A3 0.175 0.250 0.007 0.010
b 0.200 0.300 0.008 0.012
D 1.950 2.050 0.077 0.081
D2 1.000 1.250 0.039 0.049
E 1.950 2.050 0.077 0.081
E2 0.400 0.650 0.016 0.026
e 0.500 0.020
L 0.300 0.400 0.012 0.016
1 1
2
2
Note : The configuration of the Pin #1 identifier is optional,
but must be located within the zone indicated.
DETAIL A
Pin #1 ID and Tie Bar Mark Options
D
1
E
A3
A
A1
D2
E2
L
b
e
SEE DETAIL A
