October 20, 2009 Single and Dual Precision, 17 MHz, Low Noise, CMOS Input Amplifiers General Description Features The LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q are single and dual low noise, low offset, CMOS input, rail-to-rail output precision amplifiers with high gain bandwidth products. The LMP7715/ LMP7716/LMP7716Q are part of the LMP(R) precision amplifier family and are ideal for a variety of instrumentation applications. Utilizing a CMOS input stage, the LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q achieve an input bias current of 100 fA, an input , and an input offset voltreferred voltage noise of 5.8 nV/ age of less than 150 V. These features make the LMP7715/ LMP7716/LMP7716Q superior choices for precision applications. Consuming only 1.15 mA of supply current, the LMP7715 offers a high gain bandwidth product of 17 MHz, enabling accurate amplification at high closed loop gains. The LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q have a supply voltage range of 1.8V to 5.5V, which makes these ideal choices for portable low power applications with low supply voltage requirements. The LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q are built with National's advanced VIP50 process technology. The LMP7715 is offered in a 5-pin SOT-23 package and the LMP7716/LMP7716Q is offered in an 8-pin MSOP. The LMP7716Q incorporates enhanced manufacturing and support processes for the automotive market, including defect detection methodologies. Reliability qualification is compliant with the requirements and temperature grades defined in the AEC-Q100 standard. Unless otherwise noted, typical values at VS = 5V. 150 V (max) Input offset voltage 100 fA Input bias current 5.8 nV/Hz Input voltage noise 17 MHz Gain bandwidth product 1.15 mA Supply current (LMP7715) 1.30 mA Supply current (LMP7716/LMP7716Q) 1.8V to 5.5V Supply voltage range 0.001% THD+N @ f = 1 kHz -40C to 125C Operating temperature range Rail-to-rail output swing Space saving SOT-23 package (LMP7715) 8-Pin MSOP package (LMP7716/LMP7716Q) LMP7716Q is AEC-Q100 grade 1 qualified and is manufactured on an automotive grade flow Applications Active filters and buffers Sensor interface applications Transimpedance amplifiers Automotive Typical Performance Offset Voltage Distribution Input Referred Voltage Noise 20183622 20183639 LMP(R) is a registered trademark of National Semiconductor Corporation. (c) 2009 National Semiconductor Corporation 201836 www.national.com LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q Precision, 17 MHz, Low Noise, CMOS Input Amplifiers LMP7715/LMP7716/ LMP7716Q LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q Soldering Information Infrared or Convection (20 sec) Wave Soldering Lead Temp. (10 sec) Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. ESD Tolerance (Note 2) Human Body Model Machine Model Charge-Device Model VIN Differential Supply Voltage (VS = V+ - V-) Voltage on Input/Output Pins Storage Temperature Range Junction Temperature (Note 3) Operating Ratings 235C 260C (Note 1) Temperature Range (Note 3) Supply Voltage (VS = V+ - V-) 2000V 200V 1000V 0.3V 6.0V V+ +0.3V, V- -0.3V -65C to 150C +150C -40C to 125C 0C TA 125C 1.8V to 5.5V -40C TA 125C 2.0V to 5.5V Package Thermal Resistance (JA(Note 3)) 5-Pin SOT-23 8-Pin MSOP 180C/W 236C/W 2.5V Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, all limits are guaranteed for TA = 25C, V+ = 2.5V, V- = 0V ,VO = VCM = V+/2. Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes. Symbol VOS TC VOS IB Parameter Input Offset Voltage Conditions Min (Note 5) Typ (Note 4) Max (Note 5) -20C TA 85C 20 180 330 -40C TA 125C 20 180 430 Input Offset Voltage Temperature Drift LMP7715 (Note 6, Note 8) LMP7716/LMP7716Q Input Bias Current VCM = 1.0V (Note 7, Note 8) -1 -1.75 -40C TA 85C 0.05 1 25 -40C TA 125C 0.05 1 100 0.006 0.5 50 IOS Input Offset Current VCM = 1V (Note 8) CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio 0V VCM 1.4V 83 80 100 PSRR Power Supply Rejection Ratio 2.0V V+ 5.5V V- = 0V, VCM = 0 85 80 100 1.8V V+ 5.5V V- = 0V, VCM = 0 85 98 CMVR Common Mode Voltage Range CMRR 80 dB -0.3 -0.3 CMRR 78 dB AVOL Open Loop Voltage Gain LMP7715, VO = 0.15 to 2.2V RL = 2 k to V+/2 LMP7716/LMP7716Q, VO = 0.15 to 2.2V RL = 2 k to V+/2 LMP7715, VO = 0.15 to 2.2V RL = 10 k to V+/2 LMP7716/ LMP7716Q, VO = 0.15 to 2.2V RL = 10 k to www.national.com V+/2 2 4 98 84 80 92 92 88 110 90 86 95 V V/C pA pA dB dB 1.5 1.5 88 82 Units V dB VOUT Parameter Output Voltage Swing High Output Voltage Swing Low IOUT IS Output Current Supply Current SR Slew Rate GBW Gain Bandwidth en Input Referred Voltage Noise Density in Input Referred Current Noise Density THD+N Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise Conditions Min (Note 5) Typ (Note 4) Max (Note 5) RL = 2 k to V+/2 25 70 77 RL = 10 k to V+/2 20 60 66 RL = 2 k to V+/2 30 70 73 RL = 10 k to V+/2 15 60 62 Sourcing to V- VIN = 200 mV (Note 9) 36 30 52 Sinking to V+ VIN = -200 mV (Note 9) 7.5 5.0 15 mV from either rail mA LMP7715 0.95 1.30 1.65 LMP7716/LMP7716Q (per channel) 1.10 1.50 1.85 AV = +1, Rising (10% to 90%) 8.3 AV = +1, Falling (90% to 10%) 10.3 f = 400 Hz 6.8 f = 1 kHz 5.8 0.01 f = 1 kHz, AV = 1, RL = 100 k VO = 0.9 VPP 0.003 f = 1 kHz, AV = 1, RL = 600 VO = 0.9 VPP 0.004 mA V/s 14 f = 1 kHz Units MHz nV/ pA/ % 5V Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, all limits are guaranteed for TA = 25C, V+ = 5V, V- = 0V, VCM = V+/2. Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes. Symbol VOS TC VOS IB Parameter Input Offset Voltage Conditions Min (Note 5) Typ (Note 4) Max (Note 5) -20C TA 85C 10 150 300 -40C TA 125C 10 150 400 Input Offset Voltage Temperature Drift LMP7715 (Note 6, Note 8) LMP7716/LMP7716Q Input Bias Current VCM = 2.0V (Note 7, Note 8) -1 -1.75 -40C TA 85C 0.1 1 25 -40C TA 125C 0.1 1 100 0.01 0.5 50 IOS Input Offset Current VCM = 2.0V (Note 8) CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio 0V VCM 3.7V 85 82 100 PSRR Power Supply Rejection Ratio 2.0V V+ 5.5V V- = 0V, VCM = 0 85 80 100 1.8V V+ 5.5V V- = 0V, VCM = 0 85 98 3 4 Units V V/C pA pA dB dB www.national.com LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q Symbol LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q Symbol CMVR Parameter Common Mode Voltage Range Conditions CMRR 80 dB Open Loop Voltage Gain LMP7715, VO = 0.3 to 4.7V RL = 2 k to V+/2 LMP7716/LMP7716Q, VO = 0.3 to 4.7V RL = 2 k to V+/2 LMP7715, VO = 0.3 to 4.7V RL = 10 k to V+/2 LMP7716/LMP7716Q, VO = 0.3 to 4.7V RL = 10 k to V+/2 VOUT Output Voltage Swing High Output Voltage Swing Low IOUT IS SR Output Current Supply Current Slew Rate GBW Gain Bandwidth en Input Referred Voltage Noise Density Typ (Note 4) -0.3 -0.3 CMRR 78 dB AVOL Min (Note 5) 4 4 88 82 107 84 80 90 92 88 110 90 86 95 32 70 77 RL = 10 k to V+/2 22 60 66 RL = 2 k to V+/2 (LMP7715) 42 70 73 RL = 2 k to V+/2 (LMP7716/LMP7716Q) 45 75 78 RL = 10 k to V+/2 20 60 62 Sourcing to V- VIN = 200 mV (Note 9) 46 38 66 Sinking to V+ VIN = -200 mV (Note 9) 10.5 6.5 23 1.15 1.40 1.75 LMP7716/LMP7716Q (per channel) 1.30 1.70 2.05 6.0 9.5 AV = +1, Falling (90% to 10%) 7.5 11.5 17 f = 400 Hz 7.0 f = 1 kHz 5.8 Input Referred Current Noise Density f = 1 kHz 0.01 THD+N Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise f = 1 kHz, AV = 1, RL = 100 k VO = 4 VPP 0.001 f = 1 kHz, AV = 1, RL = 600 VO = 4 VPP 0.004 4 V mV from either rail mA LMP7715 AV = +1, Rising (10% to 90%) Units dB RL = 2 k to V+/2 in www.national.com Max (Note 5) mA V/s MHz nV/ pA/ % Note 2: Human Body Model, applicable std. MIL-STD-883, Method 3015.7. Machine Model, applicable std. JESD22-A115-A (ESD MM std. of JEDEC) Field-Induced Charge-Device Model, applicable std. JESD22-C101-C (ESD FICDM std. of JEDEC). Note 3: The maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(MAX), JA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is PD = (TJ(MAX) - TA)/JA. All numbers apply for packages soldered directly onto a PC Board. Note 4: Typical values represent the most likely parametric norm as determined at the time of characterization. Actual typical values may vary over time and will also depend on the application and configuration. The typical values are not tested and are not guaranteed on shipped production material. Note 5: Limits are 100% production tested at 25C. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed through correlations using the Statistical Quality Control (SQC) method. Note 6: Offset voltage average drift is determined by dividing the change in VOS at the temperature extremes by the total temperature change. Note 7: Positive current corresponds to current flowing into the device. Note 8: This parameter is guaranteed by design and/or characterization and is not tested in production. Note 9: The short circuit test is a momentary open loop test. Connection Diagrams 5-Pin SOT23 8-Pin MSOP 20183601 20183602 Top View Top View Ordering Information Package Part Number Package Marking LMP7715MF 5-Pin SOT-23 LMP7715MFE AV3A LMP7715MFX 8-Pin MSOP 250 Units Tape and Reel MF05A 250 Units Tape and Reel LMP7716MMX 3.5k Units Tape and Reel 1k Units Tape and Reel LMP7716QMMX Features 1k Units Tape and Reel AX3A LMP7716QMM LMP7716QMME NSC Drawing 3k Units Tape and Reel LMP7716MM LMP7716MME Transport Media 1k Units Tape and Reel AR5A 250 Units Tape and Reel 3.5k Units Tape and Reel MUA08A AEC-Q100 Grade 1 qualified. Automotive Grade Production Flow* *Automotive Grade (Q) product incorporates enhanced manufacturing and support processes for the automotive market, including defect detection methodologies. Reliability qualification is compliant with the requirements and temperature grades defined in the AEC-Q100 standard. Automotive grade products are identified with the letter Q. For more information go to http://www.national.com/automotive. 5 www.national.com LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is intended to be functional, but specific performance is not guaranteed. For guaranteed specifications and the test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics Tables. LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise noted: TA = 25C, VS = 5V, VCM = VS/2. Offset Voltage Distribution TCVOS Distribution (LMP7715) 20183603 20183681 Offset Voltage Distribution TCVOS Distribution (LMP7716/LMP7716Q) 20183622 20183680 Offset Voltage vs. VCM Offset Voltage vs. VCM 20183610 www.national.com 20183611 6 LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q Offset Voltage vs. VCM Offset Voltage vs. Supply Voltage 20183621 20183612 Offset Voltage vs. Temperature CMRR vs. Frequency 20183656 20183609 Input Bias Current vs. VCM Input Bias Current vs. VCM 20183623 20183624 7 www.national.com LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage (LMP7715) Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage (LMP7716/LMP7716Q) 20183605 20183677 Crosstalk Rejection Ratio (LMP7716/LMP7716Q) Sourcing Current vs. Supply Voltage 20183676 20183620 Sinking Current vs. Supply Voltage Sourcing Current vs. Output Voltage 20183650 20183619 www.national.com 8 Output Swing High vs. Supply Voltage 20183617 20183654 Output Swing Low vs. Supply Voltage Output Swing High vs. Supply Voltage 20183615 20183616 Output Swing Low vs. Supply Voltage Output Swing High vs. Supply Voltage 20183618 20183614 9 www.national.com LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q Sinking Current vs. Output Voltage LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q Output Swing Low vs. Supply Voltage Open Loop Frequency Response 20183613 20183641 Open Loop Frequency Response Phase Margin vs. Capacitive Load 20183645 20183673 Phase Margin vs. Capacitive Load Overshoot and Undershoot vs. Capacitive Load 20183630 20183646 www.national.com 10 LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q Slew Rate vs. Supply Voltage Small Signal Step Response 20183638 20183629 Large Signal Step Response Small Signal Step Response 20183637 20183633 Large Signal Step Response THD+N vs. Output Voltage 20183634 20183626 11 www.national.com LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q THD+N vs. Output Voltage THD+N vs. Frequency 20183657 20183604 THD+N vs. Frequency PSRR vs. Frequency 20183655 20183628 Input Referred Voltage Noise vs. Frequency Time Domain Voltage Noise 20183682 20183639 www.national.com 12 Closed Loop Output Impedance vs. Frequency 20183632 20183636 13 www.national.com LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q Closed Loop Frequency Response LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q INPUT CAPACITANCE CMOS input stages inherently have low input bias current and higher input referred voltage noise. The LMP7715/LMP7716/ LMP7716Q enhance this performance by having the low input bias current of only 50 fA, as well as, a very low input referred . In order to achieve this a larger voltage noise of 5.8 nV/ input stage has been used. This larger input stage increases the input capacitance of the LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q. Figure 2 shows typical input common mode capacitance of the LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q. Application Information LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q The LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q are single and dual, low noise, low offset, rail-to-rail output precision amplifiers with a wide gain bandwidth product of 17 MHz and low supply current. The wide bandwidth makes the LMP7715/LMP7716/ LMP7716Q ideal choices for wide-band amplification in portable applications. The LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q are superior for sensor applications. The very low input referred voltage noise of only at 1 kHz and very low input referred current noise 5.8 nV/ of only 10 fA/ mean more signal fidelity and higher signalto-noise ratio. The LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q have a supply voltage range of 1.8V to 5.5V over a wide temperature range of 0C to 125C. This is optimal for low voltage commercial applications. For applications where the ambient temperature might be less than 0C, the LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q are fully operational at supply voltages of 2.0V to 5.5V over the temperature range of -40C to 125C. The outputs of the LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q swing within 25 mV of either rail providing maximum dynamic range in applications requiring low supply voltage. The input common mode range of the LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q extends to 300 mV below ground. This feature enables users to utilize this device in single supply applications. The use of a very innovative feedback topology has enhanced the current drive capability of the LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q, resulting in sourcing currents of as much as 47 mA with a supply voltage of only 1.8V. The LMP7715 is offered in the space saving SOT-23 package and the LMP7716/LMP7716Q is offered in an 8-pin MSOP. These small packages are ideal solutions for applications requiring minimum PC board footprint. 20183675 FIGURE 2. Input Common Mode Capacitance This input capacitance will interact with other impedances, such as gain and feedback resistors which are seen on the inputs of the amplifier, to form a pole. This pole will have little or no effect on the output of the amplifier at low frequencies and under DC conditions, but will play a bigger role as the frequency increases. At higher frequencies, the presence of this pole will decrease phase margin and also cause gain peaking. In order to compensate for the input capacitance, care must be taken in choosing feedback resistors. In addition to being selective in picking values for the feedback resistor, a capacitor can be added to the feedback path to increase stability. The DC gain of the circuit shown in Figure 3 is simply -R2/ R1. CAPACITIVE LOAD The unity gain follower is the most sensitive configuration to capacitive loading. The combination of a capacitive load placed directly on the output of an amplifier along with the output impedance of the amplifier creates a phase lag which in turn reduces the phase margin of the amplifier. If phase margin is significantly reduced, the response will be either underdamped or the amplifier will oscillate. The LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q can directly drive capacitive loads of up to 120 pF without oscillating. To drive heavier capacitive loads, an isolation resistor, RISO as shown in Figure 1, should be used. This resistor and CL form a pole and hence delay the phase lag or increase the phase margin of the overall system. The larger the value of RISO, the more stable the output voltage will be. However, larger values of RISO result in reduced output swing and reduced output current drive. 20183664 FIGURE 3. Compensating for Input Capacitance 20183661 FIGURE 1. Isolating Capacitive Load www.national.com 14 LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q For the time being, ignore CF. The AC gain of the circuit in Figure 3 can be calculated as follows: (1) This equation is rearranged to find the location of the two poles: (2) As shown in Equation 2, as the values of R1 and R2 are increased, the magnitude of the poles are reduced, which in turn decreases the bandwidth of the amplifier. Figure 4 shows the frequency response with different value resistors for R1 and R2. Whenever possible, it is best to chose smaller feedback resistors. 20183660 FIGURE 5. Closed Loop Frequency Response TRANSIMPEDANCE AMPLIFIER In many applications the signal of interest is a very small amount of current that needs to be detected. Current that is transmitted through a photodiode is a good example. Barcode scanners, light meters, fiber optic receivers, and industrial sensors are some typical applications utilizing photodiodes for current detection. This current needs to be amplified before it can be further processed. This amplification is performed using a current-to-voltage converter configuration or transimpedance amplifier. The signal of interest is fed to the inverting input of an op amp with a feedback resistor in the current path. The voltage at the output of this amplifier will be equal to the negative of the input current times the value of the feedback resistor. Figure 6 shows a transimpedance amplifier configuration. CD represents the photodiode parasitic capacitance and CCM denotes the common-mode capacitance of the amplifier. The presence of all of these capacitances at higher frequencies might lead to less stable topologies at higher frequencies. Care must be taken when designing a transimpedance amplifier to prevent the circuit from oscillating. With a wide gain bandwidth product, low input bias current and low input voltage and current noise, the LMP7715/ LMP7716/LMP7716Q are ideal for wideband transimpedance applications. 20183659 FIGURE 4. Closed Loop Frequency Response As mentioned before, adding a capacitor to the feedback path will decrease the peaking. This is because CF will form yet another pole in the system and will prevent pairs of poles, or complex conjugates from forming. It is the presence of pairs of poles that cause the peaking of gain. Figure 5 shows the frequency response of the schematic presented in Figure 3 with different values of CF. As can be seen, using a small value capacitor significantly reduces or eliminates the peaking. 20183669 FIGURE 6. Transimpedance Amplifier 15 www.national.com LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q A feedback capacitance CF is usually added in parallel with RF to maintain circuit stability and to control the frequency response. To achieve a maximally flat, 2nd order response, RF and CF should be chosen by using Equation 3 PRECISION RECTIFIER Rectifiers are electrical circuits used for converting AC signals to DC signals. Figure 9 shows a full-wave precision rectifier. Each operational amplifier used in this circuit has a diode on its output. This means for the diodes to conduct, the output of the amplifier needs to be positive with respect to ground. If VIN is in its positive half cycle then only the output of the bottom amplifier will be positive. As a result, the diode on the output of the bottom amplifier will conduct and the signal will show at the output of the circuit. If VIN is in its negative half cycle then the output of the top amplifier will be positive, resulting in the diode on the output of the top amplifier conducting and delivering the signal from the amplifier's output to the circuit's output. For R2/ R1 2, the resistor values can be found by using the equation shown in Figure 9. If R2/ R1 = 1, then R3 should be left open, no resistor needed, and R4 should simply be shorted. (3) Calculating CF from Equation 3 can sometimes result in capacitor values which are less than 2 pF. This is especially the case for high speed applications. In these instances, it is often more practical to use the circuit shown in Figure 7 in order to allow more sensible choices for CF. The new feedback capacitor, CF, is (1+ RB/RA) CF. This relationship holds as long as RA << RF. 20183631 FIGURE 7. Modified Transimpedance Amplifier SENSOR INTERFACE The LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q have low input bias current and low input referred noise, which make them ideal choices for sensor interfaces such as thermopiles, Infra Red (IR) thermometry, thermocouple amplifiers, and pH electrode buffers. Thermopiles generate voltage in response to receiving radiation. These voltages are often only a few microvolts. As a result, the operational amplifier used for this application needs to have low offset voltage, low input voltage noise, and low input bias current. Figure 8 shows a thermopile application where the sensor detects radiation from a distance and generates a voltage that is proportional to the intensity of the radiation. The two resistors, RA and RB, are selected to provide high gain to amplify this signal, while CF removes the high frequency noise. 20183674 FIGURE 9. Precision Rectifier 20183627 FIGURE 8. Thermopile Sensor Interface www.national.com 16 LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted 5-Pin SOT-23 NS Package Number MF05A 8-Pin MSOP NS Package Number MUA08A 17 www.national.com LMP7715/LMP7716/LMP7716Q Precision, 17 MHz, Low Noise, CMOS Input Amplifiers Notes For more National Semiconductor product information and proven design tools, visit the following Web sites at: Products Design Support Amplifiers www.national.com/amplifiers WEBENCH(R) Tools www.national.com/webench Audio www.national.com/audio App Notes www.national.com/appnotes Clock and Timing www.national.com/timing Reference Designs www.national.com/refdesigns Data Converters www.national.com/adc Samples www.national.com/samples Interface www.national.com/interface Eval Boards www.national.com/evalboards LVDS www.national.com/lvds Packaging www.national.com/packaging Power Management www.national.com/power Green Compliance www.national.com/quality/green Switching Regulators www.national.com/switchers Distributors www.national.com/contacts LDOs www.national.com/ldo Quality and Reliability www.national.com/quality LED Lighting www.national.com/led Feedback/Support www.national.com/feedback Voltage Reference www.national.com/vref Design Made Easy www.national.com/easy www.national.com/powerwise Solutions www.national.com/solutions Mil/Aero www.national.com/milaero PowerWise(R) Solutions Serial Digital Interface (SDI) www.national.com/sdi Temperature Sensors www.national.com/tempsensors SolarMagicTM www.national.com/solarmagic Wireless (PLL/VCO) www.national.com/wireless www.national.com/training PowerWise(R) Design University THE CONTENTS OF THIS DOCUMENT ARE PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION ("NATIONAL") PRODUCTS. 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