AP1501A 150KHz, 5A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER General Description Features * * * * * * * * * * * * * The AP1501A series are monolithic ICs that are designed for a step-down DC/DC converter, and possess the ability to drive a 5A load without additional transistor component. Due to reducing the number of external component, the board space can be saved easily. The external shutdown function can be controlled by logic level and then come into standby mode. The internal compensation makes feedback control have good line and load regulation without external design. Regarding protected function, thermal shutdown is to prevent over temperature operating from damage, and current limit is against over current operating of the output switch. The AP1501A series operates at a switching frequency of 150Khz thus allowing smaller sized filter components than what would be needed with lower frequency switching regulators. Other features include a guaranteed +4% tolerance on output voltage under specified input voltage and output load conditions, and +15% on the oscillator frequency. The output version includes fixed 3.3V, 5V, 12V, and an adjustable type. The packages are available in a standard 5-lead TO263 and TO220 packages. Output voltage: 3.3V, 5V, 12V and adjustable output version Adjustable version output voltage range, 1.23V to 37V+4% 150Khz +15% fixed switching frequency Voltage mode non-synchronous PWM control Thermal-shutdown and current-limit protection ON/OFF shutdown control input Operating voltage can be up to 40V Output load current: 5A Low power standby mode Built-in switching transistor on chip Lead Free packages: TO263-5L and TO220-5L(R) TO263-5L and TO220-5L(R): Available in "Green" Molding Compound (No Br, Sb) Lead Free Finish/ RoHS Compliant (Note 1) Applications * * * Simple High-efficiency step-down regulator On-card switching regulators Positive to negative converter Typical Application Circuit (1) Fixed Type Circuit FB 12V DC Input 4 Vin AP1501A 2 -33 1 5 Cin Capacitor AP1501A Rev. 10 DS31191 Output L1 18uH 3.3V/5A Output Load Inductor 3 SD Gnd 1 of 14 www.diodes.com D1 Schottky Diode Co Capacitor SEPTEMBER 2009 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A 150KHz, 5A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Typical Application Circuit (Continued) (2) Adjustable Type Circuit R1 R2 FB 12V DC Input L1 22uH 4 Vin 1 AP1501A 2 5 SD Cin Capacitor Output 5V/ 5A Output Load 3 Gnd Vout = VFB x (1 + R1 D1 Schottky Diode Co Capacitor ) R2 VFB = 1.23V R2 = 1K ~ 3K (3) Delay Start Circuit R2 R1 FB 12V DC Input 4 Vin Cin Capacitor AP1501A Rev. 10 DS31191 CDELAY 0.1uF 1 AP1501A 2 5 Output L1 22uH 5V/ 5A Output Load 3 SD RDELAY 10K Gnd 2 of 14 www.diodes.com D1 Schottky Diode Co Capacitor SEPTEMBER 2009 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A 150KHz, 5A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Ordering Information AP1501A - XX XXX X - X Lead-free Lead-free Lead-free Lead-free Output Version Package Lead Free Blank : Adjustable 33 : 3.3V 50 : 5.0V 12 : 12V K5 : TO263-5L T5 : TO220-5L T5R : TO220-5L(R) L : Lead Free G : Green Device Package Code Packaging (Note 2) Quantity AP1501A-XXK5L-U AP1501A-XXK5L-13 AP1501A-XXK5G-U AP1501A-XXK5G-13 AP1501A-XXT5L-U AP1501A-XXT5G-U AP1501A-XXT5RL-U AP1501A-XXT5RG-U K5 K5 K5 K5 T5 T5 T5R T5R TO263-5L TO263-5L TO263-5L TO263-5L TO220-5L TO220-5L TO220-5L(R) TO220-5L(R) 50 NA 50 NA 50 50 50 50 Notes: Tube Part Number Suffix -U NA -U NA -U -U -U -U Packing U : Tube 13 : Tape & Reel 13" Tape and Reel Quantity Part Number Suffix NA 800/Tape & Reel NA 800/Tape & Reel NA NA NA NA NA -13 NA -13 NA NA NA NA 1. EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS). All applicable RoHS exemptions applied. Please visit our website at http://www.diodes.com/products/lead_free.html 2. Pad layout as shown on Diodes Inc. suggested pad layout document AP02001, which can be found on our website at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02001.pdf. Pin Assignments ( Top View ) ( Top View ) 5 SD 4 FB 3 Gnd 2 Output 1 VIN Metal Tab GND 5 SD 4 FB 3 Gnd 2 Output 1 VIN TO220-5L/TO220-5L(R) TO263-5L AP1501A Rev. 10 DS31191 3 of 14 www.diodes.com SEPTEMBER 2009 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A 150KHz, 5A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Pin Descriptions Name VIN Output Gnd Description Operating voltage input Switching output Ground FB Output voltage feedback control SD ON/OFF shutdown Block Diagram SD VIN 200mV Current Source bias 1.235V Reference 2.5V Regulator 220mV Start up + Comp _ _ Comp + Freq. Compensation _ FB + Amp _ Comp + Pre-driver 5A Switch Output 150kHz OSC. AP1501A Rev. 10 DS31191 4 of 14 www.diodes.com Thermal Shutdown Gnd SEPTEMBER 2009 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A 150KHz, 5A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol ESD MM Parameter Machine Model ESD Protection Rating Unit 400 V VCC Supply Voltage +45 V VSD ON/OFF Pin input voltage -0.3 to +40 V VFB Feedback Pin voltage -0.3 to +40 V VOUT Output voltage to Ground -1 V PD Power dissipation TST Storage temperature TJ Internally limited Operating Junction Temperature W -65 to +150 o C -20 to +125 o C Recommended Operating Conditions Symbol VOP TA AP1501A Rev. 10 DS31191 Parameter Operating voltage Rating 4.5 to 40 Operating Ambient Temperature 5 of 14 www.diodes.com -20 to 85 Units V o C SEPTEMBER 2009 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A 150KHz, 5A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Electrical Characteristics ( All Output Voltage Versions ) Unless otherwise specified, VIN = 12V for 3.3V, 5V, adjustable version and VIN = 24V for the 12V version. ILOAD = 0.5A Specifications with boldface type are for full operating temperature range, the other type are for TJ = 25C. Symbol IFB Parameter Feedback Bias Current FOSC Oscillator Frequency VSAT Saturation Voltage DC Max. Duty Cycle(ON) Min. Duty Cycle(OFF) ICL Current Limit IQ ISTBY VIL ON/OFF Pin Logic Input Current ON/OFF Pin Input Current IH IL Thermal Resistance Junction-to-Ambient JA Thermal Resistance Junction-to-Case JC Min IOUT = 5A no outside circuit VFB = 0V force driver on VFB = 0V force driver on VFB = 12V force driver off peak current no outside circuit VFB = 0 force driver on no outside circuit VFB = 12 force driver off (Note 3) VIN = 40V VFB = 12 force driver off ON/OFF pin = 5V VIN = 40V Typ. 40 127 110 Low (regulator ON) ON/OFF Pin Logic Input Threshold Voltage High (regulator OFF) VIH Notes: Output Leakage Output = -1V Current Quiescent Current Standby Quiescent Current Output = 0V IL Conditions VFB = 1.3V (Adjustable version only) 150 1.5 Max 60 100 173 173 1.6 Unit nA Khz V 1.7 100 0 % 6.5 5.5 6.0 2 5 150 A 7.5 200 uA 60 10 250 300 mA mA uA 0.6 1.3 V 2.0 VLOGIC = 2.5V (OFF) 15 25 VLOGIC = 0.5V (ON) 0.02 5 TO263-5L (Note 4) 37 uA TO220-5L(R) (Note 4) 31 TO263-5L (Note 4) 6 TO220-5L(R) (Note 4) o C/W o C/W 5 3. Feedback pin removed from output and connected to 0V to force the output transistor switch ON. Feedback pin removed from output and connected to 12V for the 3.3V, 5V, and the ADJ. version, and 15V for the 12V version, to force the output transistor switch OFF. 4. Test condition: Device mounted with copper area of approximately 3in2, 1oz, no air flow. AP1501A Rev. 10 DS31191 6 of 14 www.diodes.com SEPTEMBER 2009 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A 150KHz, 5A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Electrical Characteristics ( Continued ) Specifications with boldface type are for full operating temperature range, the other type are for TJ = 25C. Symbol Parameter Conditions Typ. Limit Unit VFB Output Feedback 5V < VIN < 40V 0.2A < ILOAD < 5A VOUT programmed for 3V 1.23 1.193/1.18 1.267/1.28 V VMIN VMAX Efficiency VIN = 12V, ILOAD=5A 72 VOUT Output Voltage 5.5V < VIN < 40V 0.2A < ILOAD < 5A 3.3 Efficiency VIN = 12V, ILOAD=5A 71 VOUT Output Voltage 8V < VIN < 40V 0.2A < ILOAD < 5A 5 Efficiency VIN = 12V, ILOAD = 5A 78 VOUT Output Voltage 15V < VIN < 40V 0.2A < ILOAD < 5A 12 Efficiency VIN = 16V, ILOAD = 5A 88 AP1501A-ADJ AP1501A-3.3V AP1501A-5V AP1501A-12V AP1501A Rev. 10 DS31191 7 of 14 www.diodes.com % 3.168/3.135 3.432/3.465 V VMIN VMAX % 4.8/4.75 5.2/5.25 V VMIN VMAX % 11.52/11.4 12.48/12.6 V VMIN VMAX % SEPTEMBER 2009 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A 150KHz, 5A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Typical Performance Characteristics Typical Performance Characteristics Normalized Output Voltage Efficiency 100 VIN =20V, ILOAD=3A Normalized at TJ = 25C 5.05 95 EFFICIENCY (%) OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE 5.10 5.00 5A Load 90 85 5V 80 75 4.95 70 4.90 3.3V 65 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 8 10 15 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE(C) SWITCH CURRENT LIMIT (A) SATURATION VOLTAGE (V) 1.5 1.4 1 1.3 1.2 40 7.5 VIN =12V, VOUT =5V 7.0 6.5 6.0 2 3 5.5 2.0 4 3 5 -50 -25 25 50 75 100 125 Shutdown Quiescent Current Operating Quiescent Current 200.0 20.0 160.0 CURRENT (uA) 25.0 15.0 Switch ON 10.0 Switch OFF 5.0 0 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE(C) SWITCH CURRENT(A) SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 35 Switch Current Limit 1 : -40o C 2 : 25 o C 3 : 125o C 1.6 30 25 INPUT VOLTAGE Switch Saturation Voltage 1.7 20 120.0 80.0 1 2 V ON/OFF=5V 1 : -40 o C 2 : 25 o C 3 : 125 o C 3 40.0 0.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE(C) AP1501A Rev. 10 DS31191 8 of 14 www.diodes.com 0.0 10 20 30 40 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) SEPTEMBER 2009 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A 150KHz, 5A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) ON/OFF Threshold Voltage Minimum Operating Supply Voltage 5.0 THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (V) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 VOUT=1.23V ILOAD=120mA 1.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 -50 -25 75 100 125 0 25 50 75 100 125 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (oC) JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (oC) ON/OFF Pin Current (Sinking) Switch Frequency 200.0 150.0 FREQUENCY (kHz) VIN=40V -40oC TJ 125oC 120.0 CURRENT (uA) 4.0 90.0 60.0 150.0 100.0 50.0 30.0 0.0 0.0 1.4 5 10 15 20 22 23 24 25 ON/OFF PIN VOLTAGE (V) -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 o JUNCTION TEMPERATURE ( C) Feedback Pin Bias Current BIAS CURRENT (nA) 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 Adjustable Version Only 10.0 0.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 o JUNCTION TEMPERATURE( C) AP1501A Rev. 10 DS31191 9 of 14 www.diodes.com SEPTEMBER 2009 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A 150KHz, 5A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Functional Description Pin Functions +VIN This is the positive input supply for the IC switching regulator. A suitable input bypass capacitor must be present at this pin to minimize voltage transients and to supply the switching currents needed by the regulator. Ground Circuit ground. Output Internal switch. The voltage at this pin switches between (+VIN - VSAT) and approximately - 0.5V, with a duty cycle of approximately VOUT / VIN. To minimize coupling to sensitive circuitry, the PC board copper area connected to this pin should be kept a minimum. Feedback Senses the regulated output voltage to complete the feedback loop. ON/OFF Allows the switching regulator circuit to be shutdown using logic level signals thus dropping the total input supply current to approximately 150uA. Pulling this pin below a threshold voltage of approximately 1.3V turns the regulator on, and pulling this pin above 1.3V (up to a maximum of 40V) shuts the regulator down. If this shutdown feature is not needed, the ON/OFF pin can be wired to the ground pin or it can be left open, in either case the regulator will be in the ON condition. Thermal Considerations The AP1501A is available in two packages, a 5-pin surface mount TO-263 and TO-220. The TO-220 package needs a heat sink under most conditions. The size of the heat sink depends on the input voltage, the output voltage, the load current and the ambient temperature. The AP1501A junction temperature rises above ambient temperature for a 5A load and different input and output voltages. The data for these curves was taken with the AP1501A (TO-220 package) operating as a buck switching regulator in o an ambient temperature of 25 C (still air). These temperature rise numbers are all approximate and there are many factors that can affect these temperatures. Higher ambient temperatures require more heat sinking. The AP1501A (TO-263 package) junction temperature rise above ambient temperature with a 2A load for various input and output voltages. This data was taken with the circuit operating as a buck switching regulator with all components mounted on a PC board to simulate the junction temperature under actual operating conditions. This curve can be used for a quick check for the approximate junction temperature for various conditions, but be aware that there are many factors that can affect the junction temperature. When load currents higher than 3A are used, double sided or multilayer PC boards with large copper areas and/or airflow might be needed, especially for high ambient temperatures and high output voltages. For the best thermal performance, wide copper traces and generous amounts of printed circuit board copper should be used in the board layout. (Once exception to this is the output (switch) pin, which should not have large areas of copper.) Large areas of copper provide the best transfer of heat (lower thermal resistance) to the surrounding air, and moving air lowers the thermal resistance even further. Package thermal resistance and junction temperature rise numbers are all approximate, and there are many factors that will affect these numbers. Some of these factors include board size, shape, thickness, position, location, and even board temperature. Other factors are, trace width, total printed circuit copper area, copper thickness, single or double-sided, multilayer board and the amount of solder on the board. The effectiveness of the PC board to dissipate heat also depends on the size, quantity and spacing of other components on the board, as well as whether the surrounding air is still or moving. Furthermore, some of these components such as the catch diode will add heat to the PC board and the heat can vary as the input voltage changes. For the inductor, depending on the physical size, type of core material and the DC resistance, it could either act as a heat sink taking heat away from the board, or it could add heat to the board. The TO-263 surface mount package tab is designed to be soldered to the copper on a printed circuit board. The copper and the board are the heat sink for this package and the other heat producing components, such as the catch diode and inductor. The PC board copper area that 2 the package is soldered to should be at least 0.8 in , and ideally should have 2 or more square inches of 2 oz. Additional copper area improves the thermal characteristics, but with copper areas greater than 2 approximately 6 in , only small improvements in heat dissipation are realized. If further thermal improvements are needed, double sided, multilayer PC boards with large copper areas and/or airflow are recommended. AP1501A Rev. 10 DS31191 10 of 14 www.diodes.com SEPTEMBER 2009 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A 150KHz, 5A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Marking Information (1) TO263-5L ( Top View ) Logo Output Type : 1501A : ADJ 1501A33 : 3.3V 1501A50 : 5.0V 1501A12 : 12V 1501A XX YY WW X X L : Lead Free G : Green ID code Xth week : 01~52 Year : "08" = 2008 "09" = 2009 ~ (2) TO220-5L(R) ( Top View ) Logo Output Type : 1501A : ADJ 1501A33 : 3.3V 1501A50 : 5.0V 1501A12 : 12V 1501AXX YY WW X X L : Lead Free G : Green ID code Xth week: 01~52 Year: "08" = 2008 "09" = 2009 ~ AP1501A Rev. 10 DS31191 11 of 14 www.diodes.com SEPTEMBER 2009 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A 150KHz, 5A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Package Information (All Dimensions in mm) (1) Package Type: TO263-5L (2) Package Type: TO220-5L AP1501A Rev. 10 DS31191 12 of 14 www.diodes.com SEPTEMBER 2009 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A 150KHz, 5A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Package Information (Continued) (3) Package Type: TO220-5L(R) Mechanical drawing AP1501A Rev. 10 DS31191 13 of 14 www.diodes.com SEPTEMBER 2009 (c) Diodes Incorporated AP1501A 150KHz, 5A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER IMPORTANT NOTICE DIODES INCORPORATED MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION). 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