ADP1740/ADP1741
Rev. B | Page 15 of 20
In this example, the worst-case temperature coefficient
(TEMPCO) over −40°C to +85°C is assumed to be 15% for an
X5R dielectric. The tolerance of the capacitor (TOL) is assumed
to be 10%, and COUT = 4.46 F at 1.8 V, as shown in Figure 35.
Substituting these values in Equation 3 yields
CEFF = 4.46 F × (1 − 0.15) × (1 − 0.1) = 3.41 F
Therefore, the capacitor chosen in this example meets the
minimum capacitance requirement of the LDO over temper-
ature and tolerance at the chosen output voltage.
To guarantee the performance of the ADP1740/ADP1741,
it is imperative that the effects of dc bias, temperature, and
tolerances on the behavior of the capacitors be evaluated for
each application.
UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT
The ADP1740/ADP1741 have an internal undervoltage lockout
circuit that disables all inputs and the output when the input
voltage is less than approximately 1.58 V. This ensures that the
ADP1740/ADP1741 inputs and the output behave in a predict-
able manner during power-up.
CURRENT-LIMIT AND THERMAL OVERLOAD
PROTECTION
The ADP1740/ADP1741 are protected against damage due to
excessive power dissipation by current-limit and thermal
overload protection circuits. The ADP1740/ADP1741 are
designed to reach current limit when the output load reaches
3 A (typical). When the output load exceeds 3 A, the output
voltage is reduced to maintain a constant current limit.
Thermal overload protection is included, which limits the
junction temperature to a maximum of 150°C (typical). Under
extreme conditions (that is, high ambient temperature and power
dissipation) when the junction temperature begins to rise above
150°C, the output is turned off, reducing the output current to
zero. When the junction temperature drops below 135°C
(typical), the output is turned on again and output current is
restored to its nominal value.
Consider the case where a hard short from VOUT to ground
occurs. At first, the ADP1740/ADP1741 reach current limit so
that only 3 A is conducted into the short. If self-heating of the
junction becomes great enough to cause its temperature to rise
above 150°C, thermal shutdown activates, turning off the output
and reducing the output current to zero. As the junction temper-
ature cools and drops below 135°C, the output turns on and
conducts 3 A into the short, again causing the junction temper-
ature to rise above 150°C. This thermal oscillation between
135°C and 150°C causes a current oscillation between 3 A and
0 A that continues as long as the short remains at the output.
Current-limit and thermal overload protections are intended to
protect the device against accidental overload conditions. For
reliable operation, device power dissipation should be externally
limited so that junction temperatures do not exceed 125°C.
THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS
To guarantee reliable operation, the junction temperature of the
ADP1740/ADP1741 must not exceed 125°C. To ensure that the
junction temperature stays below this maximum value, the user
needs to be aware of the parameters that contribute to junction
temperature changes. These parameters include ambient tem-
perature, power dissipation in the power device, and thermal
resistance between the junction and ambient air (θJA). The θJA
value is dependent on the package assembly compounds used
and the amount of copper to which the GND pin and the exposed
pad (EP) of the package are soldered on the PCB. Tabl e 6 shows
typical θJA values for the 16-lead LFCSP for various PCB copper
sizes. Table 7 shows typical ΨJB values for the 16-lead LFCSP.
Table 6. Typical θJA Values
Copper Size (mm2) θJA (°C/W), LFCSP
01 130
100 80
500 69
1000 54
6400 42
1 Device soldered to minimum size pin traces.
Table 7. Typical ΨJB Values
Copper Size (mm2) ΨJB (°C/W) @ 1 W
100 32.7
500 31.5
1000 25.5
The junction temperature of the ADP1740/ADP1741 can be
calculated from the following equation:
TJ = TA + (PD × θJA) (4)
where:
TA is the ambient temperature.
PD is the power dissipation in the die, given by
PD = [(VIN − VOUT) × ILOAD] + (VIN × IGND) (5)
where:
VIN and VOUT are the input and output voltages, respectively.
ILOAD is the load current.
IGND is the ground current.
Power dissipation due to ground current is quite small and can
be ignored. Therefore, the junction temperature equation can
be simplified as follows:
TJ = TA + {[(VIN − VOUT) × ILOAD] × θJA} (6)
As shown in Equation 6, for a given ambient temperature, input-
to-output voltage differential, and continuous load current, a
minimum copper size requirement exists for the PCB to ensure
that the junction temperature does not rise above 125°C. Figure 36
through Figure 41 show junction temperature calculations for
different ambient temperatures, load currents, VIN to VOUT
differentials, and areas of PCB copper.