LM193/LM293/LM393/LM2903 Low Power Low Offset Voltage Dual Comparators General Description The LM193 series consists of two independent precision voltage comparators with an offset voltage specification as low as 2.0 mV max for two comparators which were designed specifically to operate from a single power supply over a wide range of voltages. Operation from split power supplies is also possible and the low power supply current drain is independent of the magnitude of the power supply voltage. These comparators also have a unique characteristic in that the input common-mode voltage range includes ground, even though operated from a single power supply voltage. Application areas include limit comparators, simple analog to digital converters; pulse, squarewave and time delay generators; wide range VCO; MOS clock timers; multivibrators and high voltage digital logic gates. The LM193 series was designed to directly interface with TTL and CMOS. When operated from both plus and minus power supplies, the LM193 series will directly interface with MOS logic where their low power drain is a distinct advantage over standard comparators. Advantages Y Y Y Y Y Y Eliminates need for dual supplies Allows sensing near ground Compatible with all forms of logic Power drain suitable for battery operation Features Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Wide supply Voltage range 2.0V to 36V g 1.0V to g 18V single or dual supplies Very low supply current drain (0.4 mA) independent of supply voltage Low input biasing current 25 nA g 5 nA Low input offset current g 3 mV and maximum offset voltage Input common-mode voltage range includes ground Differential input voltage range equal to the power supply voltage Low output saturation voltage, 250 mV at 4 mA Output voltage compatible with TTL, DTL, ECL, MOS and CMOS logic systems High precision comparators Reduced VOS drift over temperature Schematic and Connection Diagrams Metal Can Package Dual-In-Line Package Order Number LM193H, LH193H/883*, LM193AH, LM193AH/883, LM293H, LM293AH, LM393H or LM393AH See NS Package Number H08C Order Number LM193J/883*, LM193AJ/883, LM393J, LM393AJ, LM393M, LM2903M, LM393N, LM2903J or LM2903N See NS Package Number J08A, M08A or N08E TL/H/5709 - 1 *Also available per JM38510/11202 C1995 National Semiconductor Corporation TL/H/5709 RRD-B30M115/Printed in U. S. A. LM193/LM293/LM393/LM2903 Low Power Low Offset Voltage Dual Comparators January 1995 2 36V 780 mW 660 mW 510 mW Continuous 50 mA b 0.3V to a 36V 0 VRL e 5V, RL e 5.1 kX (Note 7) VIN(b) e 1V, VIN( a ) e 0, VOs1.5V VIN(b) e 1V, VIN( a ) e 0, ISINKs4 mA Response Time Output Sink Current Saturation Voltage Output Leakage Current VIN(b) e 0, VIN( a ) e 1V, VO e 5V VIN e TTL Logic Swing, VREF e 1.4V VRL e 5V, RL e 5.1 kX Large Signal Response Time 6.0 0.1 250 16 1.3 300 200 1 50 0.4 V a e 5V V a e 36V RLt15 kX, V a e 15V VO e 1V to 11V RL e % V Voltage Gain Supply Current Input Common Mode Voltage Range 3.0 e 30V (Note 6) IIN( a )bIIN(b) VCM e 0V Input Offset Current a 25 IIN( a ) or IIN(b) with Output In Linear Range, VCM e 0V (Note 5) Input Bias Current 1.0 400 2.5 1 V a b1.5 25 100 2.0 Max LM193A Min Typ (Note 9) Conditions Input Offset Voltage Parameter 215 C 220 C 260 C a 260 C b 65 C to a 150 C 0 C to a 70 C b 25 C to a 85 C b 55 C to a 125 C b 40 C to a 85 C 6.0 50 0 0.1 250 16 1.3 300 200 1 0.4 5.0 25 1.0 400 2.5 1 V b1.5 a 50 250 2.0 Max LM293A, LM393A Min Typ 6.0 50 0 0.1 250 16 1.3 300 200 1 0.4 3.0 25 1.0 Min Typ 400 2.5 1 V b1.5 25 100 5.0 Max a LM193 6.0 50 0 0.1 250 16 1.3 300 200 1 0.4 5.0 25 1.0 Min Typ V 1 b 1.5 400 2.5 a 50 250 5.0 Max LM293, LM393 See AN-450 ``Surface Mounting Methods and Their Effect on Product Reliability'' for other methods of soldering surface mount devices. ESD rating (1.5 kX in series with 100 pF) 1300V Storage Temperature Range Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 seconds) Soldering Information Dual-In-Line Package Soldering (10 seconds) Small Outline Package Vapor Phase (60 seconds) Infrared (15 seconds) Operating Temperature Range LM393/LM393A LM293/LM293A LM193/LM193A LM2903 Electrical Characteristics (V a e 5V, TA e 25 C, unless otherwise stated) Differential Input Voltage (Note 8) Input Voltage Input Current (VINk b0.3V) (Note 3) Power Dissipation (Note 1) Molded DIP Metal Can Small Outline Package Output Short-Circuit to Ground (Note 2) If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/Distributors for availability and specifications. (Note 10) Supply Voltage, V a 36V Absolute Maximum Ratings 6.0 25 0 0.1 250 16 1.5 300 100 1 0.4 5.0 25 2.0 400 2.5 1.0 V b1.5 a 50 250 7.0 Max LM2903 Min Typ nA mV mA ms ns V/mV mA mA V nA nA mV Units 3 IIN( a )bIIN(b), VCM e 0V IIN( a ) or IIN(b) with Output in Linear Range, VCM e 0V (Note 5) Input Bias Current VIN(b) e 0, VIN( a ) e 1V, VO e 30V Keep All VIN'st0V (or Vb, if Used), (Note 8) Output Leakage Current Differential Input Voltage 0 36 1.0 700 36 1.0 700 36 1.0 700 36 1.0 700 9 400 200 50 36 1.0 700 V a b2.0 500 200 15 Max LM2903 Min Typ V a b2.0 0 400 150 9 Max LM293, LM393 Min Typ V a b2.0 0 300 100 9 Max LM193 Min Typ V a b2.0 0 400 150 4.0 Max LM293A, LM393A Min Typ V a b2.0 0 300 100 4.0 Max LM193A Min Typ V mA mV V nA nA mV Units Note 10: Refer to RETS193AX for LM193AH military specifications and to RETS193X for LM193H military specifications. Note 8: Positive excursions of input voltage may exceed the power supply level. As long as the other voltage remains within the common-mode range, the comparator will provide a proper output state. The low input voltage state must not be less than b 0.3V (or 0.3V below the magnitude of the negative power supply, if used). Note 9: At output switch point, VO j 1.4V, RS e 0X with V a from 5V to 30V; and over the full input common-mode range (0V to V a b 1.5V), at 25 C. Note 7: The response time specified is for a 100 mV input step with 5 mV overdrive. For larger overdrive signals 300 ns can be obtained, see typical performance characteristics section. Note 6: The input common-mode voltage or either input signal voltage should not be allowed to go negative by more than 0.3V. The upper end of the common-mode voltage range is V a b 1.5V at 25 C, but either or both inputs can go to 36V without damage, independent of the magnitude of V a . Note 5: The direction of the input current is out of the IC due to the PNP input stage. This current is essentially constant, independent of the state of the output so no loading change exists on the reference or input lines. Note 4: These specifications are limited to b 55 C s TA s a 125 C, for the LM193/LM193A, With the LM293/LM293A all temperature specifications are limited to b 25 C s TA s a 85 C and the LM393/LM393A temperature specifications are limited to 0 C s TA s a 70 C. The LM2903 is limited to b 40 C s TA s a 85 C. Note 3: This input current will only exist when the voltage at any of the input leads is driven negative. It is due to the collector-base junction of the input PNP transistors becoming forward biased and thereby acting as input diode clamps. In addition to this diode action, there is also lateral NPN parasitic transistor action on the IC chip. This transistor action can cause the output voltages of the comparators to go to the V a voltage level (or to ground for a large overdrive) for the time duration that an input is driven negative. This is not destructive and normal output states will re-establish when the input voltage, which was negative, again returns to a value greater than b 0.3V. Note 2: Short circuits from the output to V a can cause excessive heating and eventual destruction. When considering short circuits to ground, the maximum output current is approximately 20 mA independent of the magnitude of V a . Note 1: For operating at high temperatures, the LM393/LM393A and LM2903 must be derated based on a 125 C maximum junction temperature and a thermal resistance of 170 C/W which applies for the device soldered in a printed circuit board, operating in a still air ambient. The LM193/LM193A/LM293/LM293A must be derated based on a 150 C maximum junction temperature. The low bias dissipation and the ``ON-OFF'' characteristic of the outputs keeps the chip dissipation very small (PD s 100 mW), provided the output transistors are allowed to saturate. VIN(b) e 1V, VIN( a ) e 0, ISINKs4 mA Saturation Voltage Input Common Mode Voltage Range V a e 30V (Note 6) (Note 9) Input Offset Current Conditions Input Offset Voltage Parameter Electrical Characteristics (V a e 5V) (Note 4) Typical Performance Characteristics LM193/LM293/LM393, LM193A/LM293A/LM393A Supply Current Input Current Output Saturation Voltage Response Time for Various Input OverdrivesPositive Transition Response Time for Various Input OverdrivesNegative Transition TL/H/5709 - 3 Typical Performance Characteristics LM2903 Supply Current Input Current Output Saturation Voltage Response Time for Various Input OverdrivesPositive Transition Response Time for Various Input OverdrivesNegative Transition TL/H/5709 - 4 4 Application Hints The differential input voltage may be larger than V a without damaging the device (see Note 8). Protection should be provided to prevent the input voltages from going negative more than b0.3 VDC (at 25 C). An input clamp diode can be used as shown in the applications section. The output of the LM193 series is the uncommitted collector of a grounded-emitter NPN output transistor. Many collectors can be tied together to provide an output OR'ing function. An output pull-up resistor can be connected to any available power supply voltage within the permitted supply voltage range and there is no restriction on this voltage due to the magnitude of the voltage which is applied to the V a terminal of the LM193 package. The output can also be used as a simple SPST switch to ground (when a pull-up resistor is not used). The amount of current which the output device can sink is limited by the drive available (which is independent of V a ) and the b of this device. When the maximum current limit is reached (approximately 16 mA), the output transistor will come out of saturation and the output voltage will rise very rapidly. The output saturation voltage is limited by the approximately 60X rSAT of the output transistor. The low offset voltage of the output transistor (1.0 mV) allows the output to clamp essentially to ground level for small load currents. The LM193 series are high gain, wide bandwidth devices which, like most comparators, can easily oscillate if the output lead is inadvertently allowed to capacitively couple to the inputs via stray capacitance. This shows up only during the output voltage transition intervals as the comparator change states. Power supply bypassing is not required to solve this problem. Standard PC board layout is helpful as it reduces stray input-output coupling. Reducing the input resistors to k 10 kX reduces the feedback signal levels and finally, adding even a small amount (1.0 to 10 mV) of positive feedback (hysteresis) causes such a rapid transition that oscillations due to stray feedback are not possible. Simply socketing the IC and attaching resistors to the pins will cause input-output oscillations during the small transition intervals unless hysteresis is used. If the input signal is a pulse waveform, with relatively fast rise and fall times, hysteresis is not required. All pins of any unused comparators should be grounded. The bias network of the LM193 series establishes a drain current which is independent of the magnitude of the power supply voltage over the range of from 2.0 VDC to 30 VDC. It is usually unnecessary to use a bypass capacitor across the power supply line. Typical Applications (V a e 5.0 VDC) Basic Comparator Driving CMOS Driving TTL TL/H/5709 - 2 5 Typical Applications (Continued) Squarewave Oscillator Pulse Generator Crystal Controlled Oscillator *For large ratios of R1/R2, D1 can be omitted. Two-Decade High-Frequency VCO V* e a 30 VDC a 250 mVDC s VC s a 50 VDC 700 Hz s fo s 100 kHz TL/H/5709 - 5 Basic Comparator Non-Inverting Comparator with Hysteresis TL/H/5709-6 TL/H/5709 - 9 Inverting Comparator with Hysteresis TL/H/5709 - 10 6 Typical Applications (Continued) Output Strobing Large Fan-in AND Gate TL/H/5709 - 11 AND Gate TL/H/5709 - 14 Limit Comparator TL/H/5709 - 12 OR Gate TL/H/5709 - 15 Comparing Input Voltages of Opposite Polarity TL/H/5709 - 13 TL/H/5709 - 16 7 Typical Applications (Continued) ORing the Outputs Zero Crossing Detector (Single Power Supply) TL/H/5709-17 TL/H/5709 - 21 One-Shot Multivibrator Bi-Stable Multivibrator TL/H/5709 - 24 TL/H/5709 - 22 One-Shot Multivibrator with Input Lock Out TL/H/5709 - 23 8 Typical Applications (Continued) (V a e VDC) Time Delay Generator TL/H/5709 - 7 Split-Supply Applications (V a e a 15 VDC and Vb eb15 VDC) Zero Crossing Detector MOS Clock Driver Comparator With a Negative Reference TL/H/5709 - 8 9 Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) Metal Can Package (H) Order Number LM193H, LM193H/883, LM193AH, LM193AH/883, LM293H, LM293AH, LM393H or LM393AH NS Package Number H08C Order Number LM193J/883, LM193AJ/883 or LM2903J NS Package Number J08A 10 Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) (Continued) Order Number LM393M or LM2903M NS Package Number M08A 11 LM193/LM293/LM393/LM2903 Low Power Low Offset Voltage Dual Comparators Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) (Continued) Molded Dual-In-Line Package (N) Order Numbers LM393N or LM2903N NS Package N08E LIFE SUPPORT POLICY NATIONAL'S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. 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