RT8292A
11
DS8292A-04 October 2016 www.richtek.com
©
Copyright 2016 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. is a registered trademark of Richtek Technology Corporation.
OUT L OUT
1
VIESR
8fC
The output ripple will be highest at the maximum input
voltage since ΔIL increases with input voltage. Multiple
capa citors pla ced in parallel may be needed to meet the
ESR and RMS current handling requirement. Dry tantalum,
special polymer, aluminum electrolytic and ceramic
capacitors are all available in surface mount
pa ckages.Special polymer ca pa citors offer very low ESR
value. However, it provides lower ca pacitance density than
other types. Although T antalum capacitors have the highest
ca p a cita nce density, it is importa nt to only use types that
pass the surge test for use in switching power supplies.
Aluminum electrolytic ca pacitors have significantly higher
ESR. However, it can be used in cost-sensitive a pplications
for ripple current rating and long term reliability
considerations. Ceramic capacitors have excellent low
ESR characteristics but can have a high voltage coefficient
and audible piezoelectric effe cts. The high Q of ceramic
ca pacitors with trace inductance can also lead to significant
ringing.
Higher values, lower cost ceramic capacitors are now
becoming available in smaller ca se sizes. Their high ripple
current, high voltage rating and low ESR make them ideal
for switching regulator applications. However, care must
be taken when these capacitors are used at input and
output. When a ceramic capacitor is used at the input
a nd the power is supplied by a wall ada pter through long
wires, a load ste p at the output ca n induce ringing at the
input, VIN. At best, this ringing can couple to the output
response as described in a later section.
The output ripple, ΔVOUT , is determined by :
and be mistaken as loop instability. At worst, a sudden
inrush of current through the long wires can potentially
cause a voltage spike at VIN large enough to da mage the
part.
Checking Tran sient Re spon se
The regulator loop response can be checked by looking
at the load tra nsient response. Switching regulators ta ke
several cycles to respond to a step in load current. When
a load step occurs, VOUT immediately shifts by a n amount
equal to ΔILOAD (ESR) and COUT also begins to be charged
or discharged COUT to generate a feedba ck error signal
for the regulator to return VOUT to its steady-state value.
During this recovery time, VOUT can be monitored for
overshoot or ringing that would indicate a stability problem.
EMI Consideration
Since para sitic inductance a nd capacitance effects in PCB
circuitry would cause a spike voltage on SW pin when
high side MOSFET is turned-on/off, this spike voltage on
SW may impact on EMI performance in the system. In
order to enhance EMI performance, there are two methods
to suppress the spike voltage. One way is by pla cing an
R-C snubber between SW a nd GND and locking them a s
close as possible to the SW pin (see Figure 5). Another
method is by adding a resistor in series with the bootstrap
ca pacitor , CBOOT, but this method will decrea se the driving
capability to the high side MOSFET. It is strongly
recommended to reserve the R-C snubber during PCB
layout for EMI improvement. Moreover , reducing the SW
trace area and keeping the main power in a small loop will
be helpful on EMI perf orma nce. For detailed PCB layout
guide, plea se refer to the section Layout Considerations.
Figure 5. Reference Circuit with Snubber and Enable Timing Control
VIN
EN
GND
BOOT
FB
SW
7
5
2
3
1
L
10µH
100nF
22µFx2
R1
75k
R2
24k
VOUT
3.3V/2A
10µF
Chip Enable
VIN
4.5V to 23V RT8292A
SS
8
CSS
0.1µF COMP
CC
3.3nF RC
13k
CP
NC
6
4,
9 (Exposed Pad)
CBOOT
COUT
CIN
RBOOT*
RS*
CS*
REN*
CEN*
* : Optional