19-1704; Rev 0; 4/00 Improved Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference Laser-trimmed resistors ensure precise initial accuracy. With a 100ppm/C temperature coefficient, the device is offered in four grades of initial accuracy ranging from 0.1% to 1%. The LM4041 has a 60A to 12mA shunt current capability with low dynamic impedance, ensuring stable reverse breakdown voltage accuracy over a wide range of operating temperatures and currents. Features Ultra-Small 3-Pin SC70 Package 0.1% max Initial Accuracy 100ppm/C max Temperature Coefficient Guaranteed over -40C to +85C Temperature Range Wide Operating Current Range: 60A to 12mA Low 20VRMS Output Noise (10Hz to 10kHz) 1.225V Fixed Reverse Breakdown Voltage No Output Capacitors Required Tolerates Capacitive Loads The LM4041 does not require an external stabilizing capacitor while ensuring stability with any capacitive load. Ordering Information PART* ________________________Applications Portable, Battery-Powered Equipment Notebook Computers Cell Phones Industrial Process Controls TEMP. RANGE PINPACKAGE TOP MARK LM4041AIX3-1.2 -40C to +85C 3 SC70-3 ABF LM4041AIM3-1.2 -40C to +85C 3 SOT23-3 FZEB LM4041BIX3-1.2 -40C to +85C 3 SC70-3 ABG LM4041BIM3-1.2 -40C to +85C 3 SOT23-3 FZEC LM4041CIX3-1.2 -40C to +85C 3 SC70-3 ABH LM4041CIM3-1.2 -40C to +85C 3 SOT23-3 FZED LM4041DIX3-1.2 -40C to +85C 3 SC70-3 ABI LM4041DIM3-1.2 -40C to +85C 3 SOT23-3 FZEE *See Selector Guide for a listing of LM4041 Output Voltage, Initial Accuracy, and Temperature Coefficient specifications. Selector Guide Pin Configuration TOP VIEW + 1 LM4041 3 N.C.* - 2 SC70-3/SOT23-3 *PIN 3 MUST BE LEFT FLOATING OR CONNECTED TO PIN 2. PART OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) INITIAL ACCURACY (%) TEMPCO (ppm/C) LM4041AIM3-1.2 1.225 0.1 100 LM4041AIX3-1.2 1.225 0.1 100 LM4041BIM3-1.2 1.225 0.2 100 LM4041BIX3-1.2 1.225 0.2 100 LM4041CIM3-1.2 1.225 0.5 100 LM4041CIX3-1.2 1.225 0.5 100 LM4041DIM3-1.2 1.225 1.0 150 LM4041DIX3-1.2 1.225 1.0 150 ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1 For free samples and the latest literature, visit www.maxim-ic.com or phone 1-800-998-8800. For small orders, phone 1-800-835-8769. LM4041 General Description The LM4041 is a precision two-terminal shunt mode, bandgap voltage reference with a fixed reverse breakdown voltage of 1.225V. Ideal for space-critical applications, the LM4041 is offered in the subminiature 3-pin SC70 surface-mount package (1.8mm 1.8mm), 50% smaller than comparable devices in SOT23 surfacemount packages (SOT23 versions are also available). LM4041 Improved Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Reverse Current (cathode to anode) ..................................20mA Forward Current (anode to cathode) ..................................10mA ESD per Method 3015.7 Human Body Model .......................................................2000V Machine Model.................................................................200V Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 3-Pin SC70 (derate 2.17mW/C above +70C) ............174mW 3-Pin SOT23 (derate 4.01mW/C above +70C)..........320mW Operating Temperature Range ..........................-40C to +85C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65C to +150C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) ................................+300 C Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (IR = 100A, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER Reverse Breakdown Voltage Reverse Breakdown Voltage Tolerance (Note 2) Minimum Operating Current SYMBOL VR CONDITIONS TA = +25C VR IRMIN VR/T IR = 1mA IRMIN IR 1mA VR/IR 1mA IR 12mA MAX UNITS V LM4041A (0.1%) 1.2 9.2 LM4041B (0.2%) 2.4 10.4 LM4041C (0.5%) 6.0 14 LM4041D (1.0%) 12 24 LM4041A/B/C 45 60 LM4041D 45 65 mV A 20 LM4041A/B/C 15 100 LM4041D 15 150 ppm/C 15 IR = 100A Reverse Breakdown Voltage Change with Operating Current Change TYP 1.225 IR = 10mA Average Reverse Voltage Temperature Coefficient (Note 2) MIN LM4041A/B/C 0.7 LM4041D 0.7 1.5 2.0 LM4041A/B/C 2.5 8.0 LM4041D 2.5 10.0 LM4041A/B/C 0.5 1.5 LM4041D 0.5 2.0 mV Reverse Dynamic Impedance (Note 3) ZR IR = 1mA, f = 120Hz, IAC = 0.1IR Wideband Noise eN IR = 100A, 10Hz f 10kHz 20 VRMS T = 1000h, IR = 100A 120 ppm Reverse Breakdown Voltage Long-Term Stability VR Note 1: All devices are 100% production tested at +25C and are guaranteed by design for TA = TMIN to TMAX, as specified. Note 2: The overtemperature limit for Reverse Breakdown Voltage Tolerance is defined as the room-temperature Reverse Breakdown Voltage Tolerance [(VR / T)(maxT)(VR)], where VR / T is the VR temperature coefficient, maxT is the maximum difference in temperature from the reference point of +25C to TMIN or TMAX, and VR is the reverse breakdown voltage. The total overtemperature tolerance for the different grades in the temperature range where maxT = +65C is shown below: A grade: 0.75% = 0.1% 100 ppm/C 65C B grade: 0.85% = 0.2% 100 ppm/C 65C C grade: 1.15% = 0.5% 100 ppm/C 65C D grade: 1.98% = 1.0% 150 ppm/C 65C Note 3: Guaranteed by design. 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Improved Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference REVERSE CHARACTERISTICS AND MINIMUM OPERATING CURRENT 40 20 0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 LM4041-03 REVERSE VOLTAGE CHANGE (mV) 60 4.5 LM4041-02 REFERENCE VOLTAGE CHANGE (mV) LM4041-01 0.2 80 REVERSE CURRENT (A) REVERSE VOLTAGE vs. CURRENT TEMPERATURE DRIFT 100 4.0 LM4041 Typical Operating Characteristics (IR = 100A, SC70-3 package, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) TA = +25C 3.5 3.0 TA = +85C 2.5 2.0 TA = -40C 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 -1.0 0 0.8 1.2 1.6 -50 2.0 0 50 LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE 2mV/div VGEN 2V/div VR (AC-COUPLED) VGEN 10 20 LM4041-06 2V/div 2mV/div ISHUNT = 1mA 250A, RL = 10k SEE FIGURE 1 2V/div 2mV/div ISHUNT = 10mA 2.5mA, RL = 1k SEE FIGURE 1 10s/div 10s/div 15 LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE LM4041-05 LM4041-04 VR (AC-COUPLED) 5 REVERSE CURRENT (mA) TEMPERATURE (C) REVERSE VOLTAGE (V) ISHUNT = 100A 25A, RL = 100k SEE FIGURE 1 0 100 VGEN 0.4 VR 0 10s/div ISHUNT VB 1k + - RL VR VGEN Figure 1. Load-Transient Test Circuit _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (IR = 100A, SC70-3 package, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) OUTPUT IMPEDANCE vs. FREQUENCY LM4041-08 RS = 30k SEE FIGURE 2 5V VIN O NOISE vs. FREQUENCY 1000 C1 = 0 10,000 IR = 200A LM4041-09 STARTUP CHARACTERISTICS LM4041-07 1.5V 1.0V VOUT O.5V 10 NOISE (nV / Hz) 100 IMPEDANCE () LM4041 Improved Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference IR = 150A 1 C1 = 1F 0 IR = 1mA 0.1 0 4 8 12 16 1000 100 1k RESPONSE TIME (s) 10k 100 100k 1M 10 100 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) FREQUENCY (Hz) RS 30k VIN 1Hz RATE VR Figure 2. Startup Characteristics Test Circuit Pin Description 4 PIN NAME FUNCTION 1 + Positive Terminal of the Shunt Reference 2 - Negative Terminal of the Shunt Reference 3 N.C. Leave this pin unconnected, or connect to pin 2. _______________________________________________________________________________________ Improved Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference LM4041 Detailed Description The LM4041 shunt references use the bandgap principle to produce a stable, accurate voltage. The device behaves similarly to an ideal zener diode; a fixed voltage of +1.225V is maintained across its output terminals when biased with 60A to 12mA of reverse current. The LM4041 behaves similarly to a silicon diode when biased with forward currents up 10mA. Figure 3 shows a typical operating circuit. The LM4041 is ideal for providing a stable reference from a highvoltage power supply. VS RS ISHUNT + ILOAD ILOAD VR ISHUNT Applications Information The LM4041's internal pass transistor is used to maintain a constant output voltage (VSHUNT) by sinking the necessary amount of current across a source resistor. The source resistance (RS) is determined from the load current (ILOAD) range, supply voltage (VS) variations, VSHUNT, and desired quiescent current. Choose the value of RS when VS is at a minimum and ILOAD is at a maximum. Maintain a minimum ISHUNT of 60A at all times. The RS value should be large enough to keep ISHUNT less than 12mA for proper regulation when VS is maximum and ILOAD is at a minimum. To prevent damage to the device, ISHUNT should never exceed 20mA. Therefore, the value of RS is bounded by the following equation: [VS(MIN) - VR ] / [60A + ILOAD(MAX)] > RS > [VS(MAX) - VR ] / [20mA + ILOAD(MIN)] Choosing a larger resistance minimizes the total power dissipation in the circuit by reducing the shunt current (PD(TOTAL) = VS ISHUNT). Provide a safety margin to incorporate the worst-case tolerance of the resistor used. Ensure that the resistor's power rating is adequate, using the following general power equation: PR = ISHUNT (VS(MAX) - VR) LM4041 Figure 3. Typical Operating Circuit Output Capacitance The LM4041 does not require an external capacitor for frequency stability and is stable for any output capacitance. Temperature Performance The LM4041 typically exhibits an output voltage temperature coefficient within 15ppm/C. The polarity of the temperature coefficient may be different from one device to another; some may have positive coefficients, and others may have negative coefficients. Chip Information TRANSISTOR COUNT: 60 PROCESS: BiCMOS _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 Improved Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference SOTPO3L.EPS LM4041 Package Information 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Improved Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference SC70, 3L.EPS _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 LM4041 Package Information (continued) LM4041 Improved Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference NOTES Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 8 _____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 (c) 2000 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.