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Please review the latest information published by Renesas Electronics Corp. through various means, including the Renesas Electronics Corp. website Rev.2.10 Apr 2006 Keep safety first in your circuit designs! * Renesas Technology Corporation puts the maximum effort into making semiconductor products better and more reliable, but there is always the possibility that trouble may occur with them. Trouble with semiconductors may lead to personal injury, fire or property damage. Remember to give due consideration to safety when making your circuit designs, with appropriate measures such as (i) placement of substitutive, auxiliary circuits, (ii) use of nonflammable material or (iii) prevention against any malfunction or mishap. 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General Precautions in the Handling of MPU/MCU Products The following usage notes are applicable to all MPU/MCU products from Renesas. For detailed usage notes on the products covered by this manual, refer to the relevant sections of the manual. If the descriptions under General Precautions in the Handling of MPU/MCU Products and in the body of the manual differ from each other, the description in the body of the manual takes precedence. 1. Handling of Unused Pins Handle unused pins in accord with the directions given under Handling of Unused Pins in the manual. The input pins of CMOS products are generally in the high-impedance state. In operation with an unused pin in the open-circuit state, extra electromagnetic noise is induced in the vicinity of LSI, an associated shoot-through current flows internally, and malfunctions occur due to the false recognition of the pin state as an input signal become possible. Unused pins should be handled as described under Handling of Unused Pins in the manual. 2. Processing at Power-on The state of the product is undefined at the moment when power is supplied. The states of internal circuits in the LSI are indeterminate and the states of register settings and pins are undefined at the moment when power is supplied. In a finished product where the reset signal is applied to the external reset pin, the states of pins are not guaranteed from the moment when power is supplied until the reset process is completed. In a similar way, the states of pins in a product that is reset by an on-chip power-on reset function are not guaranteed from the moment when power is supplied until the power reaches the level at which resetting has been specified. 3. Prohibition of Access to Reserved Addresses Access to reserved addresses is prohibited. The reserved addresses are provided for the possible future expansion of functions. Do not access these addresses; the correct operation of LSI is not guaranteed if they are accessed. 4. Clock Signals After applying a reset, only release the reset line after the operating clock signal has become stable. When switching the clock signal during program execution, wait until the target clock signal has stabilized. When the clock signal is generated with an external resonator (or from an external oscillator) during a reset, ensure that the reset line is only released after full stabilization of the clock signal. Moreover, when switching to a clock signal produced with an external resonator (or by an external oscillator) while program execution is in progress, wait until the target clock signal is stable. 5. Differences between Products Before changing from one product to another, i.e. to one with a different type number, confirm that the change will not lead to problems. The characteristics of MPU/MCU in the same group but having different type numbers may differ because of the differences in internal memory capacity and layout pattern. When changing to products of different type numbers, implement a system-evaluation test for each of the products. Blank page How to Use This Manual 1. Purpose and Target Readers This manual is designed to provide the user with an understanding of the hardware functions and electrical characteristics of the MCU. It is intended for users designing application systems incorporating the MCU. A basic knowledge of electric circuits, logical circuits, and MCUs is necessary in order to use this manual. The manual comprises an overview of the product; descriptions of the CPU, system control functions, peripheral functions, and electrical characteristics; and usage notes. Particular attention should be paid to the precautionary notes when using the manual. These notes occur within the body of the text, at the end of each section, and in the Usage Notes section. The revision history summarizes the locations of revisions and additions. It does not list all revisions. Refer to the text of the manual for details. The following documents apply to the M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM). Make sure to refer to the latest versions of these documents. The newest versions of the documents listed may be obtained from the Renesas Technology Web site. Document Type Datasheet Description Hardware overview and Document Title M16C/6N Group electrical characteristics (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Datasheet Hardware manual Hardware specifications (pin assignments, M16C/6N Group Document No. REJ03B0058 This hardware memory maps, peripheral function specifications, (M16C/6NK. M16C/6NM) manual electrical characteristics, timing charts) and Hardware Manual (REJ09B0124) operation description Note: Refer to the application notes for details Software manual on using peripheral functions. Description of CPU instruction set M16C/60, REJ09B0137 M16C/20, M16C/Tiny Series Software Manual Application note Information on using peripheral functions and Available from Renesas application examples Sample programs Information on writing programs in assembly Renesas language and C Product specifications, updates on documents, technical update etc. Technology web site 2. Notation of Numbers and Symbols The notation conventions for register names, bit names, numbers, and symbols used in this manual are described below. (1) Register Names, Bit Names, and Pin Names Registers, bits, and pins are referred to in the text by symbols. The symbol is accompanied by the word "register," "bit," or "pin" to distinguish the three categories. Examples the PM03 bit in the PM0 register P3_5 pin, VCC pin (2) Notation of Numbers The indication "b" is appended to numeric values given in binary format. However, nothing is appended to the values of single bits. The indication "h" is appended to numeric values given in hexadecimal format. Nothing is appended to numeric values given in decimal format. Examples Binary: 11b Hexadecimal: EFA0h Decimal: 1234 3. Register Notation The symbols and terms used in register diagrams are described below. XXX Register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 *1 b0 0 0 Symbol XXX Bit Symbol Address XXX After Reset 00h Bit Name Function RW b1 b0 XXX0 XXX bits XXX1 (b2) (b4-b3) 0 0: XXX 0 1: XXX 1 0: Do not set a value 1 1: XXX Reserved bits Set to 0 XXX bits Function varies depending on operating mode XXX6 *2 RW Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0, When read, the content is undefined. XXX5 XXX7 RW *3 WO *4 RW RW XXX bit 0: XXX 1: XXX RO *1 Blank: Set to 0 or 1 according to the application 0 : Set to 0 1 : Set to 1 X : Nothing is assigned *2 RW : Read and write RO : Read only WO : Write only - : Nothing is assigned *3 * Reserved bit Reserved bit. Set to specified value. *4 * Nothing is assigned Nothing is assigned to the bit. As the bit may be used for future functions, if necessary, set to 0. * Do not set a value Operation is not guaranteed when a value is set. * Function varies depending on operating mode The function of the bit varies with the peripheral function mode. Refer to the register diagram for information on the individual modes. 4. List of Abbreviations and Acronyms Abbreviation ACIA Full Form Asynchronous Communication Interface Adapter bps CRC bits per second Cyclic Redundancy Check DMA DMAC Direct Memory Access Direct Memory Access Controller GSM Hi-Z Global System for Mobile Communications High Impedance IEBus I/O Inter Equipment bus Input/Output IrDA LSB Infrared Data Association Least Significant Bit MSB NC Most Significant Bit Non-Connection PLL PWM Phase Locked Loop Pulse Width Modulation SFR SIM Special Function Registers Subscriber Identity Module UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter VCO Voltage Controlled Oscillator Table of Contents SFR Page Reference ............................................................................................................ B-1 1. Overview ............................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Applications .................................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Performance Overview ................................................................................................................................ 2 1.3 Block Diagram .............................................................................................................................................. 4 1.4 Product Information ...................................................................................................................................... 5 1.5 Pin Assignments .......................................................................................................................................... 6 1.6 Pin Functions ............................................................................................................................................. 13 2. Central Processing Unit (CPU) ........................................................................................... 16 2.1 Data Registers (R0, R1, R2, and R3) ........................................................................................................ 16 2.2 Address Registers (A0 and A1) .................................................................................................................. 16 2.3 Frame Base Register (FB) ......................................................................................................................... 17 2.4 Interrupt Table Register (INTB) .................................................................................................................. 17 2.5 Program Counter (PC) ............................................................................................................................... 17 2.6 User Stack Pointer (USP), Interrupt Stack Pointer (ISP) ........................................................................... 17 2.7 Static Base Register (SB) .......................................................................................................................... 17 2.8 Flag Register (FLG) ................................................................................................................................... 17 2.8.1 Carry Flag (C Flag) ............................................................................................................................ 17 2.8.2 Debug Flag (D Flag) .......................................................................................................................... 17 2.8.3 Zero Flag (Z Flag) .............................................................................................................................. 17 2.8.4 Sign Flag (S Flag) .............................................................................................................................. 17 2.8.5 Register Bank Select Flag (B Flag) .................................................................................................... 17 2.8.6 Overflow Flag (O Flag) ....................................................................................................................... 17 2.8.7 Interrupt Enable Flag (I Flag) ............................................................................................................. 17 2.8.8 Stack Pointer Select Flag (U Flag) ..................................................................................................... 17 2.8.9 Processor Interrupt Priority Level (IPL) .............................................................................................. 17 2.8.10 Reserved Area ................................................................................................................................. 17 3. Memory ............................................................................................................................... 18 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) ..................................................................................... 19 5. Resets ................................................................................................................................. 35 5.1 Hardware Reset ......................................................................................................................................... 35 5.1.1 Reset on a Stable Supply Voltage ..................................................................................................... 35 5.1.2 Power-on Reset ................................................................................................................................. 35 5.2 Software Reset .......................................................................................................................................... 37 5.3 Watchdog Timer Reset ............................................................................................................................... 37 5.4 Oscillation Stop Detection Reset ............................................................................................................... 37 5.5 Internal Space ............................................................................................................................................ 37 6. Processor Mode .................................................................................................................. 38 6.1 Types of Processor Mode .......................................................................................................................... 38 6.2 Setting Processor Modes ........................................................................................................................... 39 7. Bus ...................................................................................................................................... 45 7.1 Bus Mode ................................................................................................................................................... 45 7.1.1 Separate Bus ..................................................................................................................................... 45 7.1.2 Multiplexed Bus .................................................................................................................................. 45 A-1 7.2 Bus Control ................................................................................................................................................ 46 7.2.1 Address Bus ....................................................................................................................................... 46 7.2.2 Data Bus ............................................................................................................................................ 46 7.2.3 Chip Select Signal .............................................................................................................................. 46 7.2.4 Read and Write Signals ..................................................................................................................... 48 7.2.5 ________ ALE Signal ......................................................................................................................................... 48 7.2.6 __________ RDY Signal ........................................................................................................................................ 49 7.2.7 HOLD Signal ...................................................................................................................................... 50 7.2.8 BCLK Output ...................................................................................................................................... 50 7.2.9 External Bus Status when Internal Area Accessed ............................................................................ 52 7.2.10 Software Wait ................................................................................................................................... 52 8. Clock Generation Circuit ..................................................................................................... 56 8.1 Types of Clock Generation Circuit.............................................................................................................. 56 8.1.1 Main Clock ......................................................................................................................................... 64 8.1.2 Sub Clock ........................................................................................................................................... 65 8.1.3 On-chip Oscillator Clock .................................................................................................................... 66 8.1.4 PLL Clock ........................................................................................................................................... 66 8.2 CPU Clock and Peripheral Function Clock ................................................................................................ 68 8.2.1 CPU Clock and BCLK ........................................................................................................................ 68 8.2.2 Peripheral Function Clock .................................................................................................................. 68 8.3 Clock Output Function ............................................................................................................................... 68 8.4 Power Control ............................................................................................................................................ 69 8.4.1 Normal Operating Mode ..................................................................................................................... 69 8.4.2 Wait Mode .......................................................................................................................................... 71 8.4.3 Stop Mode .......................................................................................................................................... 73 8.5 Oscillation Stop and Re-oscillation Detection Function ............................................................................. 78 8.5.1 Operation when CM27 Bit = 0 (Oscillation Stop Detection Reset) ..................................................... 78 8.5.2 Operation when CM27 Bit = 1 (Oscillation Stop, Re-oscillation Detection Interrupt) ......................... 78 8.5.3 How to Use Oscillation Stop and Re-oscillation Detection Function .................................................. 79 9. Protection ............................................................................................................................ 80 10. Interrupts ........................................................................................................................... 81 10.1 Type of Interrupts ..................................................................................................................................... 81 10.2 Software Interrupts ................................................................................................................................... 82 10.2.1 Undefined Instruction Interrupt ......................................................................................................... 82 10.2.2 Overflow Interrupt ............................................................................................................................ 82 10.2.3 BRK Interrupt ................................................................................................................................... 82 10.2.4 INT Instruction Interrupt ................................................................................................................... 82 10.3 Hardware Interrupts ................................................................................................................................. 83 10.3.1 Special Interrupts ............................................................................................................................. 83 10.3.2 Peripheral Function Interrupts .......................................................................................................... 83 10.4 Interrupts and Interrupt Vector ................................................................................................................. 84 10.4.1 Fixed Vector Tables .......................................................................................................................... 84 10.4.2 Relocatable Vector Tables ............................................................................................................... 84 10.5 Interrupt Control ....................................................................................................................................... 86 10.5.1 I Flag ................................................................................................................................................ 88 10.5.2 IR Bit ................................................................................................................................................ 88 10.5.3 Bits ILVL2 to ILVL0 and IPL ............................................................................................................. 88 A-2 10.5.4 Interrupt Sequence .......................................................................................................................... 89 10.5.5 Interrupt Response Time .................................................................................................................. 90 10.5.6 Variation of IPL when Interrupt Request is Accepted ....................................................................... 90 10.5.7 Saving Registers .............................................................................................................................. 91 10.5.8 Returning from Interrupt Routine ..................................................................................................... 92 10.5.9 Interrupt Priority ............................................................................................................................... 92 10.5.10 Interrupt Priority Level Select Circuit .............................................................................................. 92 ______ 10.6 INT Interrupt ............................................................................................................................................. 94 ______ 10.7 NMI Interrupt ............................................................................................................................................ 98 10.8 Key Input Interrupt ................................................................................................................................... 98 10.9 CAN0/1 Wake-up Interrupt ....................................................................................................................... 98 10.10 Address Match Interrupt ......................................................................................................................... 99 11. Watchdog Timer .............................................................................................................. 101 11.1 Count Source Protective Mode .............................................................................................................. 102 12. DMAC .............................................................................................................................. 103 12.1 Transfer Cycle ........................................................................................................................................ 108 12.1.1 Effect of Source and Destination Addresses .................................................................................. 108 12.1.2 Effect of BYTE Pin Level ................................................................................................................ 108 12.1.3 Effect of ________ Software Wait ................................................................................................................... 108 12.1.4 Effect of RDY Signal ...................................................................................................................... 108 12.2 DMA Transfer Cycles ............................................................................................................................. 110 12.3 DMA Enable ........................................................................................................................................... 111 12.4 DMA Request ......................................................................................................................................... 111 12.5 Channel Priority and DMA Transfer Timing ............................................................................................ 112 13. Timers ............................................................................................................................. 113 13.1 Timer A ................................................................................................................................................... 115 13.1.1 Timer Mode .................................................................................................................................... 119 13.1.2 Event Counter Mode ...................................................................................................................... 120 13.1.3 One-shot Timer Mode .................................................................................................................... 125 13.1.4 Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Mode ........................................................................................... 127 13.2 Timer B ................................................................................................................................................... 130 13.2.1 Timer Mode .................................................................................................................................... 133 13.2.2 Event Counter Mode ...................................................................................................................... 134 13.2.3 Pulse Period and Pulse Width Measurement Mode ...................................................................... 135 14. Three-Phase Motor Control Timer Function .................................................................... 138 15. Serial Interface ................................................................................................................ 149 15.1 UARTi ..................................................................................................................................................... 149 15.1.1 Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Mode .............................................................................................. 159 15.1.2 Clock Asynchronous Serial I/O (UART) Mode ............................................................................... 167 15.1.3 Special Mode 1 (I2C Mode) ............................................................................................................ 175 15.1.4 Special Mode 2 .............................................................................................................................. 184 15.1.5 Special Mode 3 (IE Mode) ............................................................................................................. 189 15.1.6 Special Mode 4 (SIM Mode) (UART2) ........................................................................................... 191 15.2 SI/Oi ....................................................................................................................................................... 196 15.2.1 SI/Oi Operation Timing ................................................................................................................... 200 15.2.2 CLK Polarity Selection ................................................................................................................... 200 15.2.3 Functions for Setting an SOUTi Initial Value .................................................................................. 201 A-3 16. A/D Converter .................................................................................................................. 202 16.1 Mode Description ................................................................................................................................... 206 16.1.1 One-shot Mode .............................................................................................................................. 206 16.1.2 Repeat Mode ................................................................................................................................. 208 16.1.3 Single Sweep Mode ....................................................................................................................... 210 16.1.4 Repeat Sweep Mode 0 .................................................................................................................. 212 16.1.5 Repeat Sweep Mode 1 .................................................................................................................. 214 16.2 Function ................................................................................................................................................. 216 16.2.1 Resolution Select Function ............................................................................................................ 216 16.2.2 Sample and Hold ........................................................................................................................... 216 16.2.3 Extended Analog Input Pins ........................................................................................................... 216 16.2.4 External Operation Amplifier (Op-Amp) Connection Mode ............................................................ 216 16.2.5 Current Consumption Reducing Function ...................................................................................... 217 16.2.6 Output Impedance of Sensor under A/D Conversion ..................................................................... 217 17. D/A Converter .................................................................................................................. 219 18. CRC Calculation .............................................................................................................. 221 19. CAN Module .................................................................................................................... 223 19.1 CAN Module-Related Registers ............................................................................................................. 224 19.1.1 CANi Message Box ........................................................................................................................ 224 19.1.2 Acceptance Mask Registers........................................................................................................... 224 19.1.3 CAN SFR Registers ....................................................................................................................... 224 19.2 CANi Message Box ................................................................................................................................ 225 19.3 Acceptance Mask Registers ................................................................................................................... 227 19.4 CAN SFR Registers ............................................................................................................................... 228 19.5 Operational Modes ................................................................................................................................. 234 19.5.1 CAN Reset/Initialization Mode ....................................................................................................... 234 19.5.2 CAN Operation Mode ..................................................................................................................... 235 19.5.3 CAN Sleep Mode ........................................................................................................................... 235 19.5.4 CAN Interface Sleep Mode ............................................................................................................ 235 19.5.5 Bus Off State .................................................................................................................................. 236 19.6 CAN Module System Clock Configuration ............................................................................................. 237 19.7 Bit Timing Configuration ......................................................................................................................... 237 19.8 Bit-rate ................................................................................................................................................... 238 19.8.1 Calculation of Bit-rate ..................................................................................................................... 238 19.9 Acceptance Filtering Function and Masking Function ............................................................................ 239 19.10 Acceptance Filter Support Unit (ASU) .................................................................................................. 240 19.11 Basic CAN Mode .................................................................................................................................. 241 19.12 Return from Bus Off Function .............................................................................................................. 242 19.13 Time Stamp Counter and Time Stamp Function .................................................................................. 242 19.14 Listen-Only Mode ................................................................................................................................. 242 19.15 Reception and Transmission ................................................................................................................ 243 19.15.1 Reception ..................................................................................................................................... 244 19.15.2 Transmission ................................................................................................................................ 245 19.16 CAN Interrupt ....................................................................................................................................... 246 20. Programmable I/O Ports ................................................................................................. 247 20.1 PDi Register ........................................................................................................................................... 248 20.2 Pi Register, PC14 Register .................................................................................................................... 248 20.3 PURj Register ........................................................................................................................................ 248 20.4 PCR Register ......................................................................................................................................... 248 A-4 21. Flash Memory Version .................................................................................................... 260 21.1 Memory Map .......................................................................................................................................... 261 21.1.1 Boot Mode ...................................................................................................................................... 262 21.2 Functions to Prevent Flash Memory from Rewriting .............................................................................. 262 21.2.1 ROM Code Protect Function .......................................................................................................... 262 21.2.2 ID Code Check Function ................................................................................................................ 262 21.3 CPU Rewrite Mode ................................................................................................................................ 264 21.3.1 EW0 Mode ..................................................................................................................................... 265 21.3.2 EW1 Mode ..................................................................................................................................... 265 21.3.3 Registers FMR0 and FMR1 ........................................................................................................... 266 21.3.4 Notes on CPU Rewrite Mode ......................................................................................................... 271 21.3.5 Software Commands ..................................................................................................................... 273 21.3.6 Data Protect Function .................................................................................................................... 278 21.3.7 Status Register (SRD Register) ..................................................................................................... 278 21.3.8 Full Status Check ........................................................................................................................... 280 21.4 Standard Serial I/O Mode ...................................................................................................................... 282 21.4.1 ID Code Check Function ................................................................................................................ 282 21.4.2 Example of Circuit Application in Standard Serial I/O Mode .......................................................... 286 21.5 Parallel I/O Mode ................................................................................................................................... 287 21.5.1 User ROM and Boot ROM Areas ................................................................................................... 287 21.5.2 ROM Code Protect Function .......................................................................................................... 287 21.6 CAN I/O Mode ........................................................................................................................................ 288 21.6.1 ID Code Check Function ................................................................................................................ 288 21.6.2 Example of Circuit Application in CAN I/O Mode ........................................................................... 291 22. Electrical Characteristics ................................................................................................. 292 22.1 Electrical Characteristics (Normal-ver.) .................................................................................................. 292 22.2 Electrical Characteristics (T/V-ver.) ........................................................................................................ 328 23. Usage Notes ................................................................................................................... 338 23.1 SFRs ...................................................................................................................................................... 338 23.2 External Bus (Normal-ver. only) ............................................................................................................. 339 23.3 External Clock ........................................................................................................................................ 340 23.4 PLL Frequency Synthesizer ................................................................................................................... 341 23.5 Power Control ........................................................................................................................................ 342 23.6 Oscillation Stop, Re-oscillation Detection Function ............................................................................... 344 23.7 Protection ............................................................................................................................................... 345 23.8 Interrupts ................................................................................................................................................ 346 23.8.1 Reading Address 00000h ............................................................................................................... 346 23.8.2 _______ Setting SP ...................................................................................................................................... 346 23.8.3 NMI Interrupt .................................................................................................................................. 346 23.8.4 Changing Interrupt Source ............................................................................................................. 347 _____ 23.8.5 INT Interrupt ................................................................................................................................... 347 23.8.6 Rewrite Interrupt Control Register ................................................................................................. 348 23.8.7 Watchdog Timer Interrupt .............................................................................................................. 348 23.9 DMAC .................................................................................................................................................... 349 23.9.1 Write to DMAE Bit in DMiCON Register ........................................................................................ 349 23.10 Timers .................................................................................................................................................. 350 23.10.1 Timer A ......................................................................................................................................... 350 23.10.2 Timer B ......................................................................................................................................... 354 A-5 23.11 Thee-Phase Motor Control Timer Function .......................................................................................... 356 23.12 Serial Interface ..................................................................................................................................... 357 23.12.1 Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Mode ............................................................................................ 357 23.12.2 Special Modes ............................................................................................................................. 358 23.12.3 SI/Oi ............................................................................................................................................. 359 23.13 A/D Converter ...................................................................................................................................... 360 23.14 CAN Module ......................................................................................................................................... 362 23.14.1 Reading CiSTR Register .............................................................................................................. 362 23.14.2 Performing CAN Configuration .................................................................................................... 364 23.14.3 Suggestions to Reduce Power Consumption .............................................................................. 365 23.14.4 CAN Transceiver in Boot Mode .................................................................................................... 366 23.15 Programmable I/O Ports ...................................................................................................................... 367 23.16 Dedicated Input Pin .............................................................................................................................. 368 23.17 Electrical Characteristic Differences between Mask ROM and Flash Memory Version MCUs ............ 369 23.18 Mask ROM Version (Normal-ver. only) ............................................................................................... 370 23.19 Flash Memory Version ......................................................................................................................... 371 23.19.1 Functions to Prevent Flash Memory from Rewriting .................................................................... 371 23.19.2 Stop Mode .................................................................................................................................... 371 23.19.3 Wait Mode .................................................................................................................................... 371 23.19.4 Low Power Dissipation Mode and On-Chip Oscillator Low Power Dissipation Mode .................. 371 23.19.5 Writing Command and Data ......................................................................................................... 371 23.19.6 Program Command ...................................................................................................................... 371 23.19.7 Lock Bit Program Command ........................................................................................................ 371 23.19.8 Operating Speed .......................................................................................................................... 371 23.19.9 Prohibited Instructions ................................................................................................................. 372 23.19.10 Interrupts .................................................................................................................................... 372 23.19.11 How to Access ............................................................................................................................ 372 23.19.12 Rewriting in User ROM Area ...................................................................................................... 372 23.19.13 DMA Transfer ............................................................................................................................. 372 23.20 Flash Memory Programming Using Boot Program .............................................................................. 373 23.20.1 Programming Using Serial I/O Mode ........................................................................................... 373 23.20.2 Programming Using CAN I/O Mode ............................................................................................. 373 23.21 Noise .................................................................................................................................................... 374 Appendix 1. Package Dimensions ........................................................................................ 375 Register Index ....................................................................................................................... 377 Specifications written in this manual are believed to be accurate, but are not guaranteed to be entirely free of error. Specifications in this manual may be changed for functional or performance improvements. Please make sure your manual is the latest edition. A-6 SFR Page Reference Address 0000h 0001h 0002h 0003h 0004h 0005h 0006h 0007h 0008h 0009h 000Ah 000Bh 000Ch 000Dh 000Eh 000Fh 0010h 0011h 0012h 0013h 0014h 0015h 0016h 0017h 0018h 0019h 001Ah 001Bh 001Ch 001Dh 001Eh 001Fh 0020h 0021h 0022h 0023h 0024h 0025h 0026h 0027h 0028h 0029h 002Ah 002Bh 002Ch 002Dh 002Eh 002Fh 0030h 0031h 0032h 0033h 0034h 0035h 0036h 0037h 0038h 0039h 003Ah 003Bh 003Ch 003Dh 003Eh 003Fh Register Symbol Page Processor Mode Register 0 Processor Mode Register 1 System Clock Control Register 0 System Clock Control Register 1 Chip Select Control Register Address Match Interrupt Enable Register Protect Register PM0 PM1 CM0 CM1 CSR AIER PRCR 40 41 58 59 46 100 80 Oscillation Stop Detection Register CM2 60 Watchdog Timer Start Register Watchdog Timer Control Register WDTS WDC 102 102 Address Match Interrupt Register 0 RMAD0 100 Address 0040h 0041h 0042h 0043h 0044h 0045h 0046h 0047h 0048h 0049h 004Ah 004Bh 004Ch 004Dh 004Eh Address Match Interrupt Register 1 RMAD1 Chip Select Expansion Control Register CSE PLC0 PLL Control Register 0 Processor Mode Register 2 PM2 004Fh 0050h 0051h 0052h 0053h 0054h 0055h 0056h 100 52 63 0057h 0058h 62 0059h DMA0 Source Pointer SAR0 005Ah 107 005Bh DMA0 Destination Pointer DAR0 107 DMA0 Transfer Counter TCR0 107 DMA0 Control Register DM0CON 005Ch 005Dh 005Eh 005Fh 0060h 0061h 0062h 0063h 0064h 0065h 0066h 0067h 0068h 0069h 006Ah 006Bh 006Ch 006Dh 006Eh 006Fh 0070h 0071h 0072h 0073h 0074h 0075h 0076h 0077h 0078h 0079h 007Ah 007Bh 007Ch 007Dh 007Eh 007Fh 106 DMA1 Source Pointer SAR1 107 DMA1 Destination Pointer DAR1 107 DMA1 Transfer Counter TCR1 107 DMA1 Control Register DM1CON 106 Blank spaces are reserved. No access is allowed. B-1 Register Symbol Page CAN0/1 Wake-up Interrupt Control Register CAN0 Successful Reception Interrupt Control Register CAN0 Successful Transmission Interrupt Control Register INT3 Interrupt Control Register Timer B5 Interrupt Control Register SI/O5 Interrupt Control Register Timer B4 Interrupt Control Register UART1 Bus Collision Detection Interrupt Control Register Timer B3 Interrupt Control Register UART0 Bus Collision Detection Interrupt Control Register CAN1 Successful Reception Interrupt Control Register SI/O4 Interrupt Control Register INT5 Interrupt Control Register CAN1 Successful Transmission Interrupt Control Register SI/O3 Interrupt Control Register INT4 Interrupt Control Register UART2 Bus Collision Detection Interrupt Control Register DMA0 Interrupt Control Register DMA1 Interrupt Control Register CAN0/1 Error Interrupt Control Register A/D Conversion Interrupt Control Register Key Input Interrupt Control Register UART2 Transmit Interrupt Control Register UART2 Receive Interrupt Control Register UART0 Transmit Interrupt Control Register UART0 Receive Interrupt Control Register UART1 Transmit Interrupt Control Register UART1 Receive Interrupt Control Register Timer A0 Interrupt Control Register Timer A1 Interrupt Control Register Timer A2 Interrupt Control Register INT7 Interrupt Control Register Timer A3 Interrupt Control Register INT6 Interrupt Control Register Timer A4 Interrupt Control Register Timer B0 Interrupt Control Register SI/O6 Interrupt Control Register Timer B1 Interrupt Control Register INT8 Interrupt Control Register Timer B2 Interrupt Control Register INT0 Interrupt Control Register INT1 Interrupt Control Register INT2 Interrupt Control Register C01WKIC C0RECIC C0TRMIC INT3IC TB5IC S5IC TB4IC U1BCNIC TB3IC U0BCNIC C1RECIC S4IC INT5IC C1TRMIC S3IC INT4IC U2BCNIC DM0IC DM1IC C01ERRIC ADIC KUPIC S2TIC S2RIC S0TIC S0RIC S1TIC S1RIC TA0IC TA1IC TA2IC INT7IC TA3IC INT6IC TA4IC TB0IC S6IC TB1IC INT8IC TB2IC INT0IC INT1IC INT2IC 86 86 86 87 86 86 86 86 86 86 87 87 87 87 87 87 86 86 86 86 86 86 86 86 86 86 86 86 86 86 87 87 87 87 86 86 86 87 87 86 87 87 87 CAN0 Message Box 0: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 0: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 0: Time Stamp CAN0 Message Box 1: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 1: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 1: Time Stamp 225 226 Address 0080h 0081h 0082h 0083h 0084h 0085h 0086h 0087h 0088h 0089h 008Ah 008Bh 008Ch 008Dh 008Eh 008Fh 0090h 0091h 0092h 0093h 0094h 0095h 0096h 0097h 0098h 0099h 009Ah 009Bh 009Ch 009Dh 009Eh 009Fh 00A0h 00A1h 00A2h 00A3h 00A4h 00A5h 00A6h 00A7h 00A8h 00A9h 00AAh 00ABh 00ACh 00ADh 00AEh 00AFh 00B0h 00B1h 00B2h 00B3h 00B4h 00B5h 00B6h 00B7h 00B8h 00B9h 00BAh 00BBh 00BCh 00BDh 00BEh 00BFh Register Symbol Page Address 00C0h 00C1h 00C2h 00C3h 00C4h 00C5h 00C6h 00C7h 00C8h 00C9h 00CAh 00CBh 00CCh 00CDh 00CEh 00CFh 00D0h 00D1h 00D2h 00D3h 00D4h 00D5h 00D6h 00D7h 00D8h 00D9h 00DAh 00DBh 00DCh 00DDh 00DEh 00DFh 00E0h 00E1h 00E2h 00E3h 00E4h 00E5h 00E6h 00E7h 00E8h 00E9h 00EAh 00EBh 00ECh 00EDh 00EEh 00EFh 00F0h 00F1h 00F2h 00F3h 00F4h 00F5h 00F6h 00F7h 00F8h 00F9h 00FAh 00FBh 00FCh 00FDh 00FEh 00FFh CAN0 Message Box 2: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 2: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 2: Time Stamp CAN0 Message Box 3: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 3: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 3: Time Stamp 225 226 CAN0 Message Box 4: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 4: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 4: Time Stamp CAN0 Message Box 5: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 5: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 5: Time Stamp B-2 Register Symbol Page CAN0 Message Box 6: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 6: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 6: Time Stamp CAN0 Message Box 7: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 7: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 7: Time Stamp CAN0 Message Box 8: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 8: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 8: Time Stamp CAN0 Message Box 9: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 9: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 9: Time Stamp 225 226 Address 0100h 0101h 0102h 0103h 0104h 0105h 0106h 0107h 0108h 0109h 010Ah 010Bh 010Ch 010Dh 010Eh 010Fh 0110h 0111h 0112h 0113h 0114h 0115h 0116h 0117h 0118h 0119h 011Ah 011Bh 011Ch 011Dh 011Eh 011Fh 0120h 0121h 0122h 0123h 0124h 0125h 0126h 0127h 0128h 0129h 012Ah 012Bh 012Ch 012Dh 012Eh 012Fh 0130h 0131h 0132h 0133h 0134h 0135h 0136h 0137h 0138h 0139h 013Ah 013Bh 013Ch 013Dh 013Eh 013Fh Register Symbol Page Address 0140h 0141h 0142h 0143h 0144h 0145h 0146h 0147h 0148h 0149h 014Ah 014Bh 014Ch 014Dh 014Eh 014Fh 0150h 0151h 0152h 0153h 0154h 0155h 0156h 0157h 0158h 0159h 015Ah 015Bh 015Ch 015Dh 015Eh 015Fh 0160h 0161h 0162h 0163h 0164h 0165h 0166h 0167h 0168h 0169h 016Ah 016Bh 016Ch 016Dh 016Eh 016Fh 0170h 0171h 0172h 0173h 0174h 0175h 0176h 0177h 0178h 0179h 017Ah 017Bh 017Ch 017Dh 017Eh 017Fh CAN0 Message Box 10: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 10: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 10: Time Stamp CAN0 Message Box 11: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 11: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 11: Time Stamp 225 226 CAN0 Message Box 12: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 12: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 12: Time Stamp CAN0 Message Box 13: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 13: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 13: Time Stamp Blank spaces are reserved. No access is allowed. B-3 Register Symbol Page CAN0 Message Box 14: Identifier /DLC CAN0 Message Box 14: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 14: Time Stamp 225 226 CAN0 Message Box 15: Identifier /DLC CAN0 Message Box 15: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 15: Time Stamp CAN0 Global Mask Register C0GMR 227 CAN0 Local Mask A Register C0LMAR 227 CAN0 Local Mask B Register C0LMBR 227 Address 0180h 0181h 0182h 0183h 0184h 0185h 0186h 0187h 0188h 0189h 018Ah 018Bh 018Ch 018Dh 018Eh 018Fh 0190h 0191h 0192h 0193h 0194h 0195h 0196h 0197h 0198h 0199h 019Ah 019Bh 019Ch 019Dh 019Eh 019Fh 01A0h 01A1h 01A2h 01A3h 01A4h 01A5h 01A6h 01A7h 01A8h 01A9h 01AAh 01ABh 01ACh 01ADh 01AEh 01AFh 01B0h 01B1h 01B2h 01B3h 01B4h 01B5h 01B6h 01B7h 01B8h 01B9h 01BAh 01BBh 01BCh 01BDh 01BEh 01BFh Register Symbol Flash Memory Control Register 1 FMR1 266 Flash Memory Control Register 0 FMR0 266 Address Match Interrupt Register 2 RMAD2 100 Address Match Interrupt Enable Register 2 AIER2 Address Match Interrupt Register 3 RMAD3 Address 01C0h 01C1h 01C2h 01C3h 01C4h 01C5h 01C6h 01C7h 01C8h 01C9h 01CAh 01CBh 01CCh 01CDh 01CEh 01CFh 01D0h 01D1h 01D2h 01D3h 01D4h 01D5h 01D6h 01D7h 01D8h 01D9h 01DAh 01DBh 01DCh 01DDh 01DEh 01DFh 01E0h 01E1h 01E2h 01E3h 01E4h 01E5h 01E6h 01E7h 01E8h 01E9h 01EAh 01EBh 01ECh 01EDh 01EEh 01EFh 01F0h 01F1h 01F2h 01F3h 01F4h 01F5h 01F6h 01F7h 01F8h 01F9h 01FAh 01FBh 01FCh 01FDh 01FEh 01FFh Page 100 100 Blank spaces are reserved. No access is allowed. B-4 Register Timer B3, B4, B5 Count Start Flag Symbol TBSR Timer A1-1 Register TA11 143 Timer A2-1 Register TA21 143 Timer A4-1 Register TA41 143 Three-Phase PWM Control Register 0 Three-Phase PWM Control Register 1 Three-Phase Output Buffer Register 0 Three-Phase Output Buffer Register 1 Dead Time Timer Timer B2 Interrupt Generation Frequency Set Counter INVC0 INVC1 IDB0 IDB1 DTT ICTB2 140 141 142 142 142 144 Interrupt Source Select Register 2 IFSR2 97 Timer B3 Register TB3 131 Timer B4 Register TB4 131 Timer B5 Register TB5 131 SI/O6 Transmit/Receive Register S6TRR 197 SI/O6 Control Register SI/O6 Bit Rate Register SI/O3, 4, 5, 6 Transmit/Receive Register Timer B3 Mode Register Timer B4 Mode Register Timer B5 Mode Register Interrupt Source Select Register 0 Interrupt Source Select Register 1 SI/O3 Transmit/Receive Register S6C S6BRG S3456TRR TB3MR TB4MR TB5MR IFSR0 IFSR1 S3TRR 197 197 198 131 133 135 136 95 96 197 SI/O3 Control Register SI/O3 Bit Rate Register SI/O4 Transmit/Receive Register S3C S3BRG S4TRR 197 197 197 SI/O4 Control Register SI/O4 Bit Rate Register SI/O5 Transmit/Receive Register S4C S4BRG S5TRR 197 197 197 SI/O5 Control Register SI/O5 Bit Rate Register UART0 Special Mode Register 4 UART0 Special Mode Register 3 UART0 Special Mode Register 2 UART0 Special Mode Register UART1 Special Mode Register 4 UART1 Special Mode Register 3 UART1 Special Mode Register 2 UART1 Special Mode Register UART2 Special Mode Register 4 UART2 Special Mode Register 3 UART2 Special Mode Register 2 UART2 Special Mode Register UART2 Transmit/Receive Mode Register UART2 Bit Rate Register S5C S5BRG U0SMR4 U0SMR3 U0SMR2 U0SMR U1SMR4 U1SMR3 U1SMR2 U1SMR U2SMR4 U2SMR3 U2SMR2 U2SMR U2MR U2BRG 197 197 158 157 157 156 158 157 157 156 158 157 157 156 154 153 UART2 Transmit Buffer Register U2TB 153 UART2 Transmit/Receive Control Register 0 U2C0 UART2 Transmit/Receive Control Register 1 U2C1 154 155 UART2 Receive Buffer Register 153 U2RB Page 132 Address 0200h 0201h 0202h 0203h 0204h 0205h 0206h 0207h 0208h 0209h 020Ah 020Bh 020Ch 020Dh 020Eh 020Fh 0210h 0211h 0212h 0213h 0214h 0215h 0216h 0217h 0218h 0219h 021Ah 021Bh 021Ch 021Dh 021Eh 021Fh 0220h 0221h 0222h 0223h 0224h 0225h 0226h 0227h 0228h 0229h 022Ah 022Bh 022Ch 022Dh 022Eh 022Fh 0230h 0231h 0232h 0233h 0234h 0235h 0236h 0237h 0238h 0239h 023Ah 023Bh 023Ch 023Dh 023Eh 023Fh Register CAN0 Message Control Register 0 CAN0 Message Control Register 1 CAN0 Message Control Register 2 CAN0 Message Control Register 3 CAN0 Message Control Register 4 CAN0 Message Control Register 5 CAN0 Message Control Register 6 CAN0 Message Control Register 7 CAN0 Message Control Register 8 CAN0 Message Control Register 9 CAN0 Message Control Register 10 CAN0 Message Control Register 11 CAN0 Message Control Register 12 CAN0 Message Control Register 13 CAN0 Message Control Register 14 CAN0 Message Control Register 15 Symbol Page C0MCTL0 C0MCTL1 C0MCTL2 C0MCTL3 C0MCTL4 C0MCTL5 C0MCTL6 C0MCTL7 228 C0MCTL8 C0MCTL9 C0MCTL10 C0MCTL11 C0MCTL12 C0MCTL13 C0MCTL14 C0MCTL15 CAN0 Control Register C0CTLR 229 CAN0 Status Register C0STR 230 CAN0 Slot Status Register C0SSTR 231 CAN0 Interrupt Control Register C0ICR 231 CAN0 Extended ID Register C0IDR 231 CAN0 Configuration Register C0CONR 232 CAN0 Receive Error Count Register CAN0 Transmit Error Count Register C0RECR C0TECR 233 233 CAN0 Time Stamp Register C0TSR 233 CAN1 Message Control Register 0 CAN1 Message Control Register 1 CAN1 Message Control Register 2 CAN1 Message Control Register 3 CAN1 Message Control Register 4 CAN1 Message Control Register 5 CAN1 Message Control Register 6 CAN1 Message Control Register 7 CAN1 Message Control Register 8 CAN1 Message Control Register 9 CAN1 Message Control Register 10 CAN1 Message Control Register 11 CAN1 Message Control Register 12 CAN1 Message Control Register 13 CAN1 Message Control Register 14 CAN1 Message Control Register 15 C1MCTL0 C1MCTL1 C1MCTL2 C1MCTL3 C1MCTL4 C1MCTL5 C1MCTL6 C1MCTL7 228 C1MCTL8 C1MCTL9 C1MCTL10 C1MCTL11 C1MCTL12 C1MCTL13 C1MCTL14 C1MCTL15 CAN1 Control Register C1CTLR 229 CAN1 Status Register C1STR 230 CAN1 Slot Status Register C1SSTR 231 CAN1 Interrupt Control Register C1ICR 231 CAN1 Extended ID Register C1IDR 231 CAN1 Configuration Register C1CONR 232 CAN1 Receive Error Count Register CAN1 Transmit Error Count Register C1RECR C1TECR 233 233 CAN1 Time Stamp Register C1TSR 233 Address 0240h 0241h 0242h 0243h 0244h 0245h 0246h 0247h 0248h 0249h 024Ah 024Bh 024Ch 024Dh 024Eh 024Fh 0250h 0251h 0252h 0253h 0254h 0255h 0256h 0257h 0258h 0259h 025Ah 025Bh 025Ch 025Dh 025Eh 025Fh 0260h 0261h 0262h 0263h 0264h 0265h 0266h 0267h 0268h 0269h 026Ah 026Bh 026Ch 026Dh 026Eh 026Fh 0270h 0271h 0272h 0273h 0274h 0275h 0276h 0277h 0278h 0279h 027Ah 027Bh 027Ch 027Dh 027Eh 027Fh Blank spaces are reserved. No access is allowed. B-5 Register Symbol Page CAN0 Acceptance Filter Support Register C0AFS 233 CAN1 Acceptance Filter Support Register C1AFS 233 PCLKR CCLKR 61 62 Peripheral Clock Select Register CAN0/1 Clock Select Register CAN1 Message Box 0: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 0: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 0:Time Stamp CAN1 Message Box 1: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 1: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 1:Time Stamp 225 226 Address 0280h 0281h 0282h 0283h 0284h 0285h 0286h 0287h 0288h 0289h 028Ah 028Bh 028Ch 028Dh 028Eh 028Fh 0290h 0291h 0292h 0293h 0294h 0295h 0296h 0297h 0298h 0299h 029Ah 029Bh 029Ch 029Dh 029Eh 029Fh 02A0h 02A1h 02A2h 02A3h 02A4h 02A5h 02A6h 02A7h 02A8h 02A9h 02AAh 02ABh 02ACh 02ADh 02AEh 02AFh 02B0h 02B1h 02B2h 02B3h 02B4h 02B5h 02B6h 02B7h 02B8h 02B9h 02BAh 02BBh 02BCh 02BDh 02BEh 02BFh Register Symbol Page Address 02C0h 02C1h 02C2h 02C3h 02C4h 02C5h 02C6h 02C7h 02C8h 02C9h 02CAh 02CBh 02CCh 02CDh 02CEh 02CFh 02D0h 02D1h 02D2h 02D3h 02D4h 02D5h 02D6h 02D7h 02D8h 02D9h 02DAh 02DBh 02DCh 02DDh 02DEh 02DFh 02E0h 02E1h 02E2h 02E3h 02E4h 02E5h 02E6h 02E7h 02E8h 02E9h 02EAh 02EBh 02ECh 02EDh 02EEh 02EFh 02F0h 02F1h 02F2h 02F3h 02F4h 02F5h 02F6h 02F7h 02F8h 02F9h 02FAh 02FBh 02FCh 02FDh 02FEh 02FFh CAN1 Message Box 2: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 2: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 2: Time Stamp CAN1 Message Box 3: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 3: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 3: Time Stamp 225 226 CAN1 Message Box 4: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 4: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 4: Time Stamp CAN1 Message Box 5: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 5: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 5: Time Stamp B-6 Register Symbol Page CAN1 Message Box 6: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 6: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 6: Time Stamp CAN1 Message Box 7: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 7: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 7: Time Stamp CAN1 Message Box 8: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 8: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 8: Time Stamp CAN1 Message Box 9: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 9: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 9: Time Stamp 225 226 Address 0300h 0301h 0302h 0303h 0304h 0305h 0306h 0307h 0308h 0309h 030Ah 030Bh 030Ch 030Dh 030Eh 030Fh 0310h 0311h 0312h 0313h 0314h 0315h 0316h 0317h 0318h 0319h 031Ah 031Bh 031Ch 031Dh 031Eh 031Fh 0320h 0321h 0322h 0323h 0324h 0325h 0326h 0327h 0328h 0329h 032Ah 032Bh 032Ch 032Dh 032Eh 032Fh 0330h 0331h 0332h 0333h 0334h 0335h 0336h 0337h 0338h 0339h 033Ah 033Bh 033Ch 033Dh 033Eh 033Fh Register Symbol Page Address 0340h 0341h 0342h 0343h 0344h 0345h 0346h 0347h 0348h 0349h 034Ah 034Bh 034Ch 034Dh 034Eh 034Fh 0350h 0351h 0352h 0353h 0354h 0355h 0356h 0357h 0358h 0359h 035Ah 035Bh 035Ch 035Dh 035Eh 035Fh 0360h 0361h 0362h 0363h 0364h 0365h 0366h 0367h 0368h 0369h 036Ah 036Bh 036Ch 036Dh 036Eh 036Fh 0370h 0371h 0372h 0373h 0374h 0375h 0376h 0377h 0378h 0379h 037Ah 037Bh 037Ch 037Dh 037Eh 037Fh CAN1 Message Box 10: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 10: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 10: Time Stamp CAN1 Message Box 11: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 11: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 11: Time Stamp 225 226 CAN1 Message Box 12: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 12: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 12: Time Stamp CAN1 Message Box 13: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 13: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 13: Time Stamp Blank spaces are reserved. No access is allowed. B-7 Register Symbol Page CAN1 Message Box 14: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 14: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 14: Time Stamp 225 226 CAN1 Message Box 15: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 15: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 15: Time Stamp CAN1 Global Mask Register C1GMR 227 CAN1 Local Mask A Register C1LMAR 227 CAN1 Local Mask B Register C1LMBR 227 Address 0380h 0381h 0382h 0383h 0384h 0385h 0386h 0387h 0388h 0389h 038Ah 038Bh 038Ch 038Dh 038Eh 038Fh 0390h 0391h 0392h 0393h 0394h 0395h 0396h 0397h 0398h 0399h 039Ah 039Bh 039Ch 039Dh 039Eh 039Fh 03A0h 03A1h 03A2h 03A3h 03A4h 03A5h 03A6h 03A7h 03A8h 03A9h 03AAh 03ABh 03ACh 03ADh 03AEh 03AFh 03B0h 03B1h 03B2h 03B3h 03B4h 03B5h 03B6h 03B7h 03B8h 03B9h 03BAh 03BBh 03BCh 03BDh 03BEh 03BFh Register Count Start Flag Clock Prescaler Reset Flag One-Shot Start Flag Trigger Select Register Up/Down Flag Symbol TABSR CPSRF ONSF TRGSR UDF Page 117,132,145 118,132 118 118,145 117 Timer A0 Register TA0 Timer A1 Register TA1 Timer A2 Register TA2 Timer A3 Register TA3 116 Timer A4 Register TA4 116 143 Timer B0 Register TB0 131 Timer B1 Register TB1 131 Timer B2 Register TB2 131 143 Timer A0 Mode Register Timer A1 Mode Register Timer A2 Mode Register Timer A3 Mode Register Timer A4 Mode Register Timer B0 Mode Register Timer B1 Mode Register Timer B2 Mode Register Timer B2 Special Mode Register TA0MR TA1MR TA2MR TA3MR TA4MR TB0MR TB1MR TB2MR TB2SC Address 03C0h 03C1h 03C2h 03C3h 03C4h 03C5h 03C6h 03C7h 03C8h 03C9h 03CAh 03CBh 03CCh 03CDh 03CEh 03CFh 03D0h 03D1h 03D2h 03D3h 03D4h 03D5h 03D6h 03D7h 03D8h 03D9h 03DAh 03DBh 03DCh 03DDh 03DEh 03DFh 03E0h 03E1h 03E2h 03E3h 03E4h 03E5h 03E6h 03E7h 03E8h 03E9h 03EAh 03EBh 03ECh 03EDh 03EEh 03EFh 03F0h 03F1h 03F2h 03F3h 03F4h 03F5h 03F6h 03F7h 03F8h 03F9h 03FAh 03FBh 03FCh 03FDh 03FEh 03FFh 116 116 143 116 143 116 119 146 121 123,146 126 123 128 123,146 131,133 134,136 146 144 UART0 Transmit/Receive Mode Register U0MR UART0 Bit Rate Register U0BRG 154 153 UART0 Transmit Buffer Register U0TB 153 UART0 Transmit/Receive Control Register 0 U0C0 UART0 Transmit/Receive Control Register 1 U0C1 154 155 UART0 Receive Buffer Register U0RB 153 UART1 Transmit/Receive Mode Register U1MR UART1 Bit Rate Register U1BRG 154 153 UART1 Transmit Buffer Register U1TB 153 UART1 Transmit/Receive Control Register 0 U1C0 UART1 Transmit/Receive Control Register 1 U1C1 154 155 UART1 Receive Buffer Register U1RB 153 UART Transmit/Receive Control Register 2 UCON 156 DMA0 Request Source Select Register DM0SL 105 DMA1 Request Source Select Register DM1SL 106 CRC Data Register CRCD 221 CRC Input Register CRCIN 221 Blank spaces are reserved. No access is allowed. B-8 Register Symbol Page A/D Register 0 AD0 A/D Register 1 AD1 A/D Register 2 AD2 A/D Register 3 AD3 A/D Register 4 AD4 A/D Register 5 AD5 A/D Register 6 AD6 A/D Register 7 AD7 A/D Control Register 2 ADCON2 205 A/D Control Register 0 A/D Control Register 1 D/A Register 0 ADCON0 ADCON1 DA0 204,207,209 211,213,215 220 D/A Register 1 DA1 220 D/A Control Register DACON 220 Port P14 Control Register Pull-Up Control Register 3 Port P0 Register Port P1 Register Port P0 Direction Register Port P1 Direction Register Port P2 Register Port P3 Register Port P2 Direction Register Port P3 Direction Register Port P4 Register Port P5 Register Port P4 Direction Register Port P5 Direction Register Port P6 Register Port P7 Register Port P6 Direction Register Port P7 Direction Register Port P8 Register Port P9 Register Port P8 Direction Register Port P9 Direction Register Port P10 Register Port P11 Register Port P10 Direction Register Port P11 Direction Register Port P12 Register Port P13 Register Port P12 Direction Register Port P13 Direction Register Pull-up Control Register 0 Pull-up Control Register 1 Pull-up Control Register 2 Port Control Register PC14 PUR3 P0 P1 PD0 PD1 P2 P3 PD2 PD3 P4 P5 PD4 PD5 P6 P7 PD6 PD7 P8 P9 PD8 PD9 P10 P11 PD10 PD11 P12 P13 PD12 PD13 PUR0 PUR1 PUR2 PCR 255 257 255 255 254 254 255 255 254 254 255 255 254 254 255 255 254 254 255 255 254 254 255 255 254 254 255 255 254 254 256 256 256 257 205 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Renesas MCU 1. Overview The M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) of MCUs are built using the high-performance silicon gate CMOS process using the M16C/60 Series CPU core and are packaged in 100-pin and 128-pin plastic molded LQFP. These MCUs operate using sophisticated instructions featuring a high level of instruction efficiency. With 1 Mbyte of address space, they are capable of executing instructions at high speed. Being equipped with two CAN (Controller Area Network) modules in the M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM), the MCU is suited to drive automotive and industrial control systems. The CAN modules comply with the 2.0B specification. In addition, this MCU contains a multiplier and DMAC which combined with fast instruction processing capability, makes it suitable for control of various OA, communication equipment which requires high-speed arithmetic/logic operations. 1.1 Applications * Car audio and industrial control systems, other (Normal-ver. product) * Automotive, industrial control systems and other automobile, other (T/V-ver. product) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 1 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 1. Overview 1.2 Performance Overview Tables 1.1 and 1.2 list the Functions and Specifications for M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM). Table 1.1 Functions and Specifications for M16C/6N Group (100-pin Version: M16C/6NK) Specification Item Normal-ver. T/V-ver. CPU Number of fundamental 91 instructions instructions Minimum instruction 41.7 ns (f(BCLK) = 24 MHz, 50.0 ns (f(BCLK) = 20 MHz, execution time 1/1 prescaler, without software wait) 1/1 prescaler, without software wait) Operating mode Single-chip, memory expansion, Single-chip mode and microprocessor modes Address space 1 Mbyte Memory capacity Refer to Table 1.3 Product Information Peripheral Ports Input/Output: 87 pins, Input: 1 pin Function Multifunction timers Timer A: 16 bits 5 channels Timer B: 16 bits 6 channels Three-phase motor control circuit Serial interfaces 3 channels Clock synchronous, UART, I2C-bus (1), IEBus (2) 2 channels Clock synchronous A/D converter 10-bit A/D converter: 1 circuit, 26 channels D/A converter 8 bits 2 channels DMAC 2 channels CRC calculation circuit CRC-CCITT CAN module 2 channels with 2.0B specification Watchdog timer 15 bits 1 channel (with prescaler) Interrupts Internal: 32 sources, External: 9 sources Software: 4 sources, Priority levels: 7 levels Clock generation circuits 4 circuits * Main clock oscillation circuit (*) * Sub clock oscillation circuit (*) * On-chip oscillator * PLL frequency synthesizer (*) Equipped with on-chip feedback resistor Oscillation-stopped detector Main clock oscillation stop and re-oscillation detection function Electrical Supply voltage VCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V (f(BCLK) = 24 MHz, VCC = 4.2 to 5.5 V (f(BCLK) = 20 MHz, Characteristics 1/1 prescaler, without software wait) 1/1 prescaler, without software wait) Consumption Mask ROM 21 mA (f(BCLK) = 24 MHz, current PLL operation, no division) Flash memory 23 mA (f(BCLK) = 24 MHz, 21 mA (f(BCLK) = 20 MHz, PLL operation, no division) PLL operation, no division) Mask ROM 3 A (f(BCLK) = 32 kHz, Wait mode, Oscillation capacity Low) Flash memory 0.8 A (Stop mode, Topr = 25C) Flash Memory Programming and erasure voltage 3.0 0.3 V or 5.0 0.5 V 5.0 0.5 V Version Programming and erasure endurance 100 times I/O I/O withstand voltage 5.0 V Characteristics Output current 5 mA Operating Ambient Temperature -40 to 85C T version: -40 to 85C V version: -40 to 125C (option) Device Configuration CMOS high-performance silicon gate Package 100-pin molded-plastic LQFP NOTES: 1. I2C-bus is a trademark of Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. 2. IEBus is a trademark of NEC Electronics Corporation. option: All options are on request basis. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 2 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 1. Overview Table 1.2 Functions and Specifications for M16C/6N Group (128-pin Version: M16C/6NM) Item CPU Peripheral Function Number of fundamental instructions Minimum instruction execution time Operating mode Address space Memory capacity Ports Multifunction timers Serial interfaces A/D converter D/A converter DMAC CRC calculation circuit CAN module Watchdog timer Interrupts Clock generation circuits Oscillation-stopped detector Electrical Supply voltage Characteristics Consumption Mask ROM current Flash memory Mask ROM Flash memory Flash Memory Programming and erasure voltage Version Programming and erasure endurance I/O I/O withstand voltage Characteristics Output current Operating Ambient Temperature Specification Normal-ver. 91 instructions 41.7 ns (f(BCLK) = 24 MHz, 50.0 ns (f(BCLK) = 20 MHz, 1/1 prescaler, without software wait) 1/1 prescaler, without software wait) Single-chip, memory expansion, Single-chip mode and microprocessor modes 1 Mbyte Refer to Table 1.3 Product Information Input/Output: 113 pins, Input: 1 pin Timer A: 16 bits 5 channels Timer B: 16 bits 6 channels Three-phase motor control circuit 3 channels Clock synchronous, UART, I2C-bus (1), IEBus (2) 4 channels Clock synchronous 10-bit A/D converter: 1 circuit, 26 channels 8 bits 2 channels 2 channels CRC-CCITT 2 channels with 2.0B specification 15 bits 1 channel (with prescaler) Internal: 34 sources, External: 12 sources Software: 4 sources, Priority levels: 7 levels 4 circuits * Main clock oscillation circuit (*) * Sub clock oscillation circuit (*) * On-chip oscillator * PLL frequency synthesizer (*) Equipped with on-chip feedback resistor Main clock oscillation stop and re-oscillation detection function VCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V (f(BCLK) = 24 MHz, VCC = 4.2 to 5.5 V (f(BCLK) = 20 MHz, 1/1 prescaler, without software wait) 1/1 prescaler, without software wait) 21 mA (f(BCLK) = 24 MHz, PLL operation, no division) 23 mA (f(BCLK) = 24 MHz, 21 mA (f(BCLK) = 20 MHz, PLL operation, no division) PLL operation, no division) 3 A (f(BCLK) = 32 kHz, Wait mode, Oscillation capacity Low) 0.8 A (Stop mode, Topr = 25C) 3.0 0.3 V or 5.0 0.5 V 5.0 0.5 V 100 times 5.0 V 5 mA -40 to 85C T version: -40 to 85C V version: -40 to 125C (option) CMOS high-performance silicon gate 128-pin molded-plastic LQFP Device Configuration Package NOTES: 1. I2C-bus is a trademark of Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. 2. IEBus is a trademark of NEC Electronics Corporation. option: All options are on request basis. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 3 of 378 T/V-ver. M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 1. Overview 1.3 Block Diagram Figure 1.1 shows a Block Diagram. 8 Port P0 8 8 Port P1 Port P3 INTB PC Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 4 of 378 Port P13 (3) (3) 2 8 Port P12 (3) 8 Port P11 (3) 8 8 Figure 1.1 Block Diagram Multiplier FLG Port P14 NOTES: 1: ROM size depends on MCU type. 2: RAM size depends on MCU type. 3: Ports P11 to P14 are only in the 128-pin version. 4: 8 bits 2 channels in the 100-pin version. RAM (2) 8 A0 A1 FB ROM (1) ISP 7 R2 R3 SB USP Port P10 D/A converter (8 bits 2 channels) R0L R1L Memory Port P9 DMAC (2 channels) CAN module (2 channels) M16C/60 Series CPU core R0H R1H Port P8_5 Watchdog timer (15 bits) Port P6 8 CRC calculation circuit (CCITT) (Polynomial: X16+X12+X5+1) Clock synchronous serial I/O (8 bits 4 channels) (4) 8 Port P8 Three-phase motor control circuit Port P5 XIN-XOUT XCIN-XCOUT PLL frequency synthesizer On-chip oscillator Timer (16 bits) UART or Clock synchronous serial I/O (3 channels) Port P4 8 System clock generation circuit A/D converter (10 bits 8 channels Expandable up to 26 channels) Output (timer A): 5 Input (timer B): 6 8 Port P7 Internal peripheral functions Port P2 8 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 1. Overview 1.4 Product Information Table 1.3 lists the Product Information and Figure 1.2 shows the Type Number, Memory Size, and Packages. Table 1.3 Product Information Type No. M306NKFHGP M306NMFHGP M306NKFJGP M306NMFJGP M306NKFHTGP M306NMFHTGP M306NKFJTGP M306NMFJTGP M306NKFHVGP M306NMFHVGP M306NKFJVGP M306NMFJVGP M306NKME-XXXGP As of Apr. 2006 (2) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) ROM Capacity RAM Capacity Package Type PLQP0100KB-A 384 K + 4 Kbytes 31 Kbytes PLQP0128KB-A PLQP0100KB-A 512 K + 4 Kbytes 31 Kbytes PLQP0128KB-A PLQP0100KB-A 384 K + 4 Kbytes 31 Kbytes PLQP0128KB-A PLQP0100KB-A 512 K + 4 Kbytes 31 Kbytes PLQP0128KB-A PLQP0100KB-A 384 K + 4 Kbytes 31 Kbytes PLQP0128KB-A PLQP0100KB-A 512 K + 4 Kbytes 31 Kbytes PLQP0128KB-A 16 PLQP0100KB-A 192 Kbytes Kbytes Remarks Normal-ver. Flash memory version (1) Mask PLQP0128KB-A ROM PLQP0100KB-A version PLQP0128KB-A T-ver. V-ver. Normal-ver. M306NMME-XXXGP M306NKMG-XXXGP 20 Kbytes 256 Kbytes M306NMMG-XXXGP (D): Under development NOTES: 1. Data flash memory provides an additional 4 Kbytes of ROM capacity (block A). 2. The correspondence between new and old package types is as follows. PLQP0100KB-A: 100P6Q-A PLQP0128KB-A: 128P6Q-A Type No. M30 6N K M G T - XXX GP Package type: GP: Package PLQP0100KB-A (100P6Q-A) PLQP0128KB-A (128P6Q-A) ROM No. Omitted on flash memory version Characteristics (no) : Normal-ver. T : T-ver. (Automotive 85C version) V : V-ver. (Automotive 125C version) ROM capacity: E : 192 Kbytes G: 256 Kbytes H : 384 Kbytes J : 512 Kbytes Memory type: M : Mask ROM version F : Flash memory version Shows the number of CAN module, pin count, etc. 6N Group M16C Family Figure 1.2 Type Number, Memory Size, and Package Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 5 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 1. Overview 1.5 Pin Assignments 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 P1_3/D11 P1_4/D12 P1_5/D13/INT3 P1_6/D14/INT4 P1_7/D15/INT5 P2_0/AN2_0/A0(/D0/-) P2_1/AN2_1/A1(/D1/D0) P2_2/AN2_2/A2(/D2/D1) P2_3/AN2_3/A3(/D3/D2) P2_4/AN2_4/A4(/D4/D3) P2_5/AN2_5/A5(/D5/D4) P2_6/AN2_6/A6(/D6/D5) P2_7/AN2_7/A7(/D7/D6) VSS P3_0/A8(/-/D7) VCC2 P3_1/A9 P3_2/A10 P3_3/A11 P3_4/A12 P3_5/A13 P3_6/A14 P3_7/A15 P4_0/A16 P4_1/A17 Figures 1.3 and 1.4 show the Pin Assignment (Top View). Tables 1.4 and 1.5 list the List of Pin Names. 76 77 78 79 80 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK) 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 99 100 27 26 P4_2/A18 P4_3/A19 P4_4/CS0 P4_5/CS1 P4_6/CS2 P4_7/CS3 P5_0/WRL/WR P5_1/WRH/BHE P5_2/RD P5_3/BCLK P5_4/HLDA P5_5/HOLD P5_6/ALE P5_7/RDY/CLKOUT P6_0/CTS0/RTS0 P6_1/CLK0 P6_2/RXD0/SCL0 P6_3/TXD0/SDA0 P6_4/CTS1/RTS1/CTS0/CLKS1 P6_5/CLK1 P6_6/RXD1/SCL1 P6_7/TXD1/SDA1 P7_0/TXD2/SDA2/TA0OUT P7_1/RXD2/SCL2/TA0IN/TB5IN (1) P7_2/CLK2/TA1OUT/V P9_4/DA1/TB4IN P9_3/DA0/TB3IN P9_2/TB2IN/SOUT3 (1) P9_1/TB1IN/SIN3 P9_0/TB0IN/CLK3 BYTE CNVSS P8_7/XCIN P8_6/XCOUT RESET XOUT VSS XIN VCC1 P8_5/NMI P8_4/INT2/ZP P8_3/INT1 P8_2/INT0 P8_1/TA4IN/U P8_0/TA4OUT/U(SIN4) P7_7/TA3IN/CRX1 P7_6/TA3OUT/CTX1 P7_5/TA2IN/W(SOUT4) P7_4/TA2OUT/W(CLK4) P7_3/CTS2/RTS2/TA1IN/V 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 P1_2/D10 P1_1/D9 P1_0/D8 P0_7/AN0_7/D7 P0_6/AN0_6/D6 P0_5/AN0_5/D5 P0_4/AN0_4/D4 P0_3/AN0_3/D3 P0_2/AN0_2/D2 P0_1/AN0_1/D1 P0_0/AN0_0/D0 P10_7/AN7/KI3 P10_6/AN6/KI2 P10_5/AN5/KI1 P10_4/AN4/KI0 P10_3/AN3 P10_2/AN2 P10_1/AN1 AVSS P10_0/AN0 VREF AVCC P9_7/ADTRG/SIN4 P9_6/ANEX1/CTX0/SOUT4 P9_5/ANEX0/CRX0/CLK4 NOTES: Package: PLQP0100KB-A (100P6Q-A) 1. P7_1 and P9_1 are N channel open-drain pins. 2. Not available the bus control pins (except CLKOUT pin) in T/V-ver.. Figure 1.3 Pin Assignments (Top View) (1) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 6 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 1. Overview Table 1.4 List of Pin Names for 100-Pin Package (1) Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 Control Pin Port Interrupt Pin P9_4 P9_3 P9_2 P9_1 P9_0 BYTE CNVSS XCIN P8_7 XCOUT P8_6 _____________ RESET XOUT VSS XIN VCC1 P8_5 P8_4 P8_3 P8_2 P8_1 P8_0 P7_7 P7_6 P7_5 P7_4 P7_3 P7_2 P7_1 P7_0 P6_7 P6_6 P6_5 P6_4 P6_3 P6_2 P6_1 P6_0 P5_7 P5_6 P5_5 P5_4 P5_3 P5_2 P5_1 P5_0 P4_7 P4_6 P4_5 P4_4 P4_3 P4_2 Timer Pin TB4IN TB3IN TB2IN TB1IN TB0IN UART Pin Analog CAN Module Pin Pin DA1 DA0 SOUT3 SIN3 CLK3 ________ NMI _________ INT2 _________ INT1 _________ INT0 ZP ___ TA4IN/U TA4OUT/U TA3IN TA3OUT ____ TA2IN/W TA2OUT/W ___ TA1IN/V TA1OUT/V TA0IN/TB5IN TA0OUT (SIN4) CRX1 CTX1 (SOUT4) (CLK4) __________ __________ CTS2/RTS2 CLK2 RXD2/SCL2 TXD2/SDA2 TXD1/SDA1 RXD1/SCL1 CLK1 _________ _________ _________ CTS1/RTS1/CTS0/CLKS1 TXD0/SDA0 RXD0/SCL0 CLK0 __________ __________ CTS0/RTS0 NOTE: 1. Not available the bus control pins (except CLKOUT pin; Pin No.37) in T/V-ver.. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 Bus Control Pin (1) page 7 of 378 _________ RDY/CLKOUT ALE ___________ HOLD ___________ HLDA BCLK ______ RD __________________ WRH/BHE _________ ______ WRL/WR _______ CS3 _______ CS2 _______ CS1 _______ CS0 A19 A18 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 1. Overview Table 1.5 List of Pin Names for 100-Pin Package (2) Pin No. 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 Control Pin Port Interrupt Pin Timer Pin UART Pin Analog CAN Module Pin Pin Bus Control Pin (1) P4_1 P4_0 P3_7 P3_6 P3_5 P3_4 P3_3 P3_2 P3_1 A17 A16 A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 P3_0 A8(/-/D7) VCC2 VSS P2_7 P2_6 P2_5 P2_4 P2_3 P2_2 P2_1 P2_0 P1_7 P1_6 P1_5 P1_4 P1_3 P1_2 P1_1 P1_0 P0_7 P0_6 P0_5 P0_4 P0_3 P0_2 P0_1 P0_0 P10_7 P10_6 P10_5 P10_4 P10_3 P10_2 P10_1 AN2_7 AN2_6 AN2_5 AN2_4 AN2_3 AN2_2 AN2_1 AN2_0 _________ INT5 _________ INT4 _________ INT3 AN0_7 AN0_6 AN0_5 AN0_4 AN0_3 AN0_2 AN0_1 AN0_0 AN7 AN6 AN5 AN4 AN3 AN2 AN1 ______ KI3 ______ KI2 ______ KI1 ______ KI0 AVSS P10_0 AN0 VREF AVCC ______________ P9_7 P9_6 P9_5 SIN4 SOUT4 CLK4 NOTE: 1. Not available the bus control pins in T/V-ver.. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 8 of 378 ADTRG ANEX1 CTX0 ANEX0 CRX0 A7(/D7/D6) A6(/D6/D5) A5(/D5/D4) A4(/D4/D3) A3(/D3/D2) A2(/D2/D1) A1(/D1/D0) A0(/D0/-) D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 VREF AVCC P9_7/ADTRG/SIN4 P9_6/ANEX1/CTX0/SOUT4 P9_5/ANEX0/CRX0/CLK4 P9_4/DA1/TB4IN P9_3/DA0/TB3IN P9_2/TB2IN/SOUT3 (1) P9_1/TB1IN/SIN3 P9_0/TB0IN/CLK3 P14_1 P14_0 BYTE CNVSS P8_7/XCIN P8_6/XCOUT RESET XOUT VSS XIN VCC1 P8_5/NMI P8_4/INT2/ZP P8_3/INT1 P8_2/INT0 P8_1/TA4IN/U P8_0/TA4OUT/U(SIN4) P7_7/TA3IN/CRX1 P7_6/TA3OUT/CTX1 P7_5/TA2IN/W(SOUT4) P7_4/TA2OUT/W(CLK4) P7_3/CTS2/RTS2/TA1IN/V P7_2/CLK2/TA1OUT/V (1) P7_1/RXD2/SCL2/TA0IN/TB5IN P7_0/TXD2/SDA2/TA0OUT P6_7/TXD1/SDA1 VCC1 P6_6/RXD1/SCL1 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 9 of 378 Figure 1.4 Pin Assignments (Top View) (2) 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 114 115 116 117 118 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 P1_0/D8 P0_7/AN0_7/D7 P0_6/AN0_6/D6 P0_5/AN0_5/D5 P0_4/AN0_4/D4 P0_3/AN0_3/D3 P0_2/AN0_2/D2 P0_1/AN0_1/D1 P0_0/AN0_0/D0 P11_7/SIN6 P11_6/SOUT6 P11_5/CLK6 P11_4 P11_3 P11_2/SOUT5 P11_1/SIN5 P11_0/CLK5 P10_7/AN7/KI3 P10_6/AN6/KI2 P10_5/AN5/KI1 P10_4/AN4/KI0 P10_3/AN3 P10_2/AN2 P10_1/AN1 AVSS P10_0/AN0 2 1 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 P1_1/D9 P1_2/D10 P1_3/D11 P1_4/D12 P1_5/D13/INT3 P1_6/D14/INT4 P1_7/D15/INT5 P2_0/AN2_0/A0(/D0/-) P2_1/AN2_1/A1(/D1/D0) P2_2/AN2_2/A2(/D2/D1) P2_3/AN2_3/A3(/D3/D2) P2_4/AN2_4/A4(/D4/D3) P2_5/AN2_5/A5(/D5/D4) P2_6/AN2_6/A6(/D6/D5) P2_7/AN2_7/A7(/D7/D6) VSS P3_0/A8(/-/D7) VCC2 P12_0 P12_1 P12_2 P12_3 P12_4 P3_1/A9 P3_2/A10 P3_3/A11 P3_4/A12 P3_5/A13 P3_6/A14 P3_7/A15 P4_0/A16 P4_1/A17 P4_2/A18 P4_3/A19 P4_4/CS0 P4_5/CS1 P4_6/CS2 P4_7/CS3 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 1. Overview 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 64 63 62 61 60 59 110 111 112 113 58 57 56 55 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NM) 54 53 52 51 50 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 P12_5 P12_6 P12_7 P5_0/WRL/WR P5_1/WRH/BHE P5_2/RD P5_3/BCLK P13_0 P13_1 P13_2 P13_3 P5_4/HLDA P5_5/HOLD P5_6/ALE P5_7/RDY/CLKOUT P13_4 P13_5/INT6 P13_6/INT7 P13_7/INT8 P6_0/CTS0/RTS0 P6_1/CLK0 P6_2/RXD0/SCL0 P6_3/TXD0/SDA0 P6_4/CTS1/RTS1/CTS0/CLKS1 P6_5/CLK1 VSS NOTES: Package: PLQP0128KB-A (128P6Q-A) 1. P7_1 and P9_1 are N channel open-drain pins. 2. Not available the bus control pins (except CLKOUT pin) in T/V-ver.. M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 1. Overview Table 1.6 List of Pin Names for 128-Pin Package (1) Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 Control Pin Port Interrupt Pin Timer Pin UART Pin VREF AVCC Analog CAN Module Pin Pin Bus Control Pin (1) ______________ P9_7 P9_6 P9_5 P9_4 P9_3 P9_2 P9_1 P9_0 P14_1 P14_0 BYTE CNVSS XCIN P8_7 XCOUT P8_6 _____________ RESET XOUT VSS XIN VCC1 P8_5 P8_4 P8_3 P8_2 P8_1 P8_0 P7_7 P7_6 P7_5 P7_4 P7_3 P7_2 P7_1 P7_0 P6_7 VCC1 P6_6 VSS P6_5 P6_4 P6_3 P6_2 P6_1 P6_0 P13_7 P13_6 P13_5 P13_4 P5_7 SIN4 SOUT4 CLK4 TB4IN TB3IN TB2IN TB1IN TB0IN ADTRG ANEX1 CTX0 ANEX0 CRX0 DA1 DA0 SOUT3 SIN3 CLK3 ________ NMI _________ INT2 _________ INT1 _________ INT0 ZP ___ TA4IN/U TA4OUT/U TA3IN TA3OUT ____ TA2IN/W TA2OUT/W ___ TA1IN/V TA1OUT/V TA0IN/TB5IN TA0OUT (SIN4) CRX1 CTX1 (SOUT4) (CLK4) __________ __________ CTS2/RTS2 CLK2 RXD2/SCL2 TXD2/SDA2 TXD1/SDA1 RXD1/SCL1 _________ CLK1 _________ _________ _________ CTS1/RTS1/CTS0/CLKS1 TXD0/SDA0 RXD0/SCL0 CLK0 __________ __________ CTS0/RTS0 INT8 _________ INT7 _________ INT6 NOTE: 1. Not available the bus control pins (except CLKOUT pin; Pin No.50) in T/V-ver.. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 10 of 378 _________ RDY/CLKOUT M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 1. Overview Table 1.7 List of Pin Names for 128-Pin Package (2) Pin No. 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 Control Pin Port Interrupt Pin Timer Pin UART Pin Analog CAN Module Pin Pin Bus Control Pin (1) P5_6 P5_5 P5_4 P13_3 P13_2 P13_1 P13_0 P5_3 P5_2 P5_1 P5_0 P12_7 P12_6 P12_5 P4_7 P4_6 P4_5 P4_4 P4_3 P4_2 P4_1 P4_0 P3_7 P3_6 P3_5 P3_4 P3_3 P3_2 P3_1 P12_4 P12_3 P12_2 P12_1 P12_0 ALE ___________ HOLD ___________ HLDA P3_0 A8(/-/D7) BCLK ______ RD __________________ WRH/BHE _________ ______ WRL/WR _______ CS3 _______ CS2 _______ CS1 _______ CS0 A19 A18 A17 A16 A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 VCC2 VSS P2_7 P2_6 P2_5 P2_4 P2_3 P2_2 P2_1 P2_0 P1_7 P1_6 P1_5 P1_4 P1_3 _________ INT5 _________ INT4 _________ INT3 NOTE: 1. Not available the bus control pins in T/V-ver.. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 11 of 378 AN2_7 AN2_6 AN2_5 AN2_4 AN2_3 AN2_2 AN2_1 AN2_0 A7(/D7/D6) A6(/D6/D5) A5(/D5/D4) A4(/D4/D3) A3(/D3/D2) A2(/D2/D1) A1(/D1/D0) A0(/D0/-) D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 1. Overview Table 1.8 List of Pin Names for 128-Pin Package (3) Pin No. 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 Control Pin Port P1_2 P1_1 P1_0 P0_7 P0_6 P0_5 P0_4 P0_3 P0_2 P0_1 P0_0 P11_7 P11_6 P11_5 P11_4 P11_3 P11_2 P11_1 P11_0 P10_7 P10_6 P10_5 P10_4 P10_3 P10_2 P10_1 Interrupt Pin Timer Pin UART Pin Analog CAN Module Pin Pin AN0_7 AN0_6 AN0_5 AN0_4 AN0_3 AN0_2 AN0_1 AN0_0 SIN6 SOUT6 CLK6 ______ SOUT5 SIN5 CLK5 KI3 ______ KI2 ______ KI1 ______ KI0 AN7 AN6 AN5 AN4 AN3 AN2 AN1 AVSS P10_0 NOTE: 1. Not available the bus control pins in T/V-ver.. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 12 of 378 AN0 Bus Control Pin (1) D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 1. Overview 1.6 Pin Functions Tables 1.9 to 1.11 list the Pin Functions. Table 1.9 Pin Functions (100-pin and 128-pin Versions) (1) Signal Name Power supply input Analog power supply input Reset input CNVSS (2) Pin Name VCC1, VCC2, VSS AVCC, AVSS I/O Type Description I Apply 3.0 to 5.5 V to the VCC1 and VCC2 pins and 0 V to the VSS RESET CNVSS I I External data bus width select input (2) BYTE I Bus control pins (3) D0 to D7 I/O D8 to D15 I/O A0 to A19 A0/D0 to A7/D7 O I/O A1/D0 to A8/D7 I/O I _____________ _______ _______ O CS0 to CS3 _________ ______ WRL/WR _________ ________ WRH/BHE ______ RD O ALE __________ HOLD O I __________ O I HLDA ________ RDY I: Input O: Output pin. The VCC apply condition is that VCC2 = VCC1 (1). Applies the power supply for the A/D converter. Connect the AVCC pin to VCC1. Connect the AVSS pin to VSS. The MCU is in a reset state when applying "L" to the this pin. Switches processor mode. Connect this pin to VSS to when after a reset to start up in single-chip mode. Connect this pin to VCC1 to start up in microprocessor mode. Switches the data bus in external memory space. The data bus is 16-bit long when the this pin is held "L" and 8-bit long when the this pin is held "H". Set it to either one. Connect this pin to VSS when single-chip mode. Inputs and outputs data (D0 to D7) when these pins are set as the separate bus. Inputs and outputs data (D8 to D15) when external 16-bit data bus is set as the separate bus. Output address bits (A0 to A19). Input and output data (D0 to D7) and output address bits (A0 to A7) by time-sharing when external 8-bit data bus are set as the multiplexed bus. Input and output data (D0 to D7) and output address bits (A1 to A8) by time-sharing when external 16-bit data bus are set as the multiplexed bus. _______ _______ _______ _______ Output CS0 to CS3 signals. CS0 to CS3 are chip-select signals to specify an external______ space. ________ _________ ________ _____ ________ _________ Output WRL, WRH, (WR, BHE), RD signals. WRL and WRH or ________ ______ BHE, and WR can be switched by program. ________ _________ _____ * WRL, WRH, and RD are selected ________ The WRL signal becomes "L" by writing data to an even address in an external memory space. _________ The WRH signal becomes "L" by writing data to an odd address in an_____ external memory space. The RD pin signal becomes "L" by reading data in an external memory space._____ ______ ________ * WR, ______ BHE, and RD are selected The WR signal becomes "L" by writing data in an external memory space. _____ The RD signal becomes "L" by reading data in an external memory space. ________ The BHE signal becomes "L" by accessing an odd address. ______ ________ _____ Select WR, BHE, and RD for an external 8-bit data bus. ALE is a signal to latch the address. __________ While the HOLD pin is held "L", the MCU is placed in a hold state. __________ In a hold state, HLDA outputs a "L" signal. ________ While applying a "L" signal to the RDY pin, the MCU is placed in a wait state. I/O: Input/Output NOTES: 1. In this manual, hereafter, VCC refers to VCC1 unless otherwise noted. 2. Connect to VSS in T/V-ver.. 3. Not available the bus control pins in T/V-ver.. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 13 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 1. Overview Table 1.10 Pin Functions (100-pin and 128-pin Versions) (2) Signal Name Main clock input Main clock output Sub clock input Sub clock output BCLK output (3) Clock output INT interrupt input _______ NMI interrupt input Key input interrupt input Timer A XIN Pin Name I XOUT O XCIN I XCOUT O BCLK CLKOUT NT0 to INT8 (2) ________ NMI O O I I Description I/O pins for the main clock oscillation circuit. Connect a ceramic (1) resonator or crystal oscillator between XIN and XOUT . To use the external clock, input the clock from XIN and leave XOUT open. I/O pins for a sub clock oscillation circuit. Connect a crystal oscillator between XCIN and XCOUT (1). To use the external clock, input the clock from XCIN and leave XCOUT open. Outputs the BCLK signal. The clock of the same cycle as fC, f8, or f32 is output. ______ Input pins for the_______ INT interrupt. Input pin for the NMI interrupt. I Input pins for the key input interrupt. ______ I/O Type ______ KI0 to KI3 TA0OUT to TA4OUT TA0IN to TA4IN ZP Timer B TB0IN to___TB5IN ___ ____ Three-phase motor U, U, V, V, W, W control output __________ __________ Serial interface CTS0 to CTS2 __________ __________ RTS0 to RTS2 CLK0 to CLK6 (2) RXD0 to RXD2 SIN3 to SIN6 (2) TXD0 to TXD2 SOUT3 to SOUT6 (2) CLKS1 I/O I I I O These are timer A0 to timer A4 I/O pins. These are timer A0 to timer A4 input pins. Input pin for the Z-phase. These are timer B0 to timer B5 input pins. These are Three-phase motor control output pins. I O I/O I I O O O These are transmit control input pins. These are receive control output pins. These are transfer clock I/O pins. These are serial data input pins. These are serial data input pins. These are serial data output pins. These are serial data output pins. This is output pin for transfer clock output from multiple pins function. These are serial data I/O pins. These are transfer clock I/O pins. (however, SCL2 for the N-channel open drain output.) Applies the reference voltage for the A/D converter and D/A converter. Analog input pins for the A/D converter. I2C mode SDA0 to SDA2 SCL0 to SCL2 Reference voltage input A/D converter VREF I AN0 to AN7 AN0_0 to AN0_7 AN2_0 to AN2_7 _____________ ADTRG ANEX0 I I/O I/O This is an A/D trigger input pin. This is the extended analog input pin for the A/D converter, and is the output in external op-amp connection mode. This is the extended analog input pin for the A/D converter. I ANEX1 D/A converter These are the output pins for the D/A converter. DA0, DA1 O These are the input pins for the CAN module. CAN module I CRX0, CRX1 These are the output pins for the CAN module. CTX0, CTX1 O I: Input O: Output I/O: Input/Output I I/O NOTES: 1. ________ Ask the ________ oscillator maker the oscillation characteristic. 2. INT6 to INT8, CLK5, CLK6, SIN5, SIN6, SOUT5, SOUT6 are only in the 128-pin version. 3. Not available the bus control pins in T/V-ver.. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 14 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 1. Overview Table 1.11 Pin Functions (100-pin and 128-pin Versions) (3) Signal Name I/O port Pin Name P0_0 to P0_7 I/O Type Description 8-bit I/O ports in CMOS, having a direction register to select I/O P1_0 to P1_7 an input or output. P2_0 to P2_7 Each pin is set as an input port or output port. An input port P3_0 to P3_7 P4_0 to P4_7 can be set for a pull-up or for no pull-up in 4-bit unit by P5_0 to P5_7 (however P7_1 and P9_1 for the N-channel open drain P6_0 to P6_7 output.) program. P7_0 to P7_7 P8_0 to P8_4 P8_6, P8_7 P9_0 to P9_7 P10_0 to P10_7 P11_0 to P11_7 (1) P12_0 to P12_7 (1) P13_0 to P13_7 (1) P14_0, P14_1 Input port (1) P8_5 _______ I Input pin for the NMI interrupt. Pin states can be read by the P8_5 bit in the P8 register. I: Input O: Output I/O: Input/Output NOTE: 1. Ports P11 to P14 are only in the 128-pin version. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 15 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 2. Central Processing Unit (CPU) 2. Central Processing Unit (CPU) Figure 2.1 shows the CPU Registers. The CPU has 13 registers. Of these, R0, R1, R2, R3, A0, A1, and FB configure a register bank. There are two register banks. b31 b15 b8 b7 b0 R2 R0H (R0's high bits) R0L (R0's low bits) R3 R1H (R1's high bits) R1L (R1's low bits) Data Registers (1) R2 R3 A0 Address Registers (1) A1 FB b19 Frame Base Registers (1) b15 b0 INTBH Interrupt Table Register INTBL The upper 4 bits of INTB are INTBH and the lower 16 bits of INTB are INTBL. b19 b0 Program Counter PC b15 b0 USP User Stack Pointer ISP Interrupt Stack Pointer SB Static Base Register b15 b0 FLG b15 Flag Register b8 b7 IPL U b0 I O B S Z D C Carry Flag Debug Flag Zero Flag Sign Flag Register Bank Select Flag Overflow Flag Interrupt Enable Flag Stack Pointer Select Flag Reserved Area Processor Interrupt Priority Level Reserved Area NOTE: 1. These registers comprise a register bank. There are two register banks. Figure 2.1 CPU Registers 2.1 Data Registers (R0, R1, R2, and R3) The R0 register consists of 16 bits, and is used mainly for transfers and arithmetic/logic operations. R1 to R3 are the same as R0. The R0 register can be separated between high (R0H) and low (R0L) for use as two 8-bit data registers. R1H and R1L are the same as R0H and R0L. Conversely R2 and R0 can be combined for use as a 32-bit data register (R2R0). R3R1 is analogous to R2R0. 2.2 Address Registers (A0 and A1) The A0 register consists of 16 bits, and is used for address register indirect addressing and address register relative addressing. They also are used for transfers and arithmetic/logic operations. A1 is the same as A0. In some instructions, A1 and A0 can be combined for use as a 32-bit address register (A1A0). Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 16 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 2. Central Processing Unit (CPU) 2.3 Frame Base Register (FB) FB is configured with 16 bits, and is used for FB relative addressing. 2.4 Interrupt Table Register (INTB) INTB is configured with 20 bits, indicating the start address of an interrupt vector table. 2.5 Program Counter (PC) PC is configured with 20 bits, indicating the address of an instruction to be executed. 2.6 User Stack Pointer (USP), Interrupt Stack Pointer (ISP) Stack pointer (SP) comes in two types: USP and ISP, each configured with 16 bits. Your desired type of stack pointer (USP or ISP) can be selected by the U flag of FLG. 2.7 Static Base Register (SB) SB is configured with 16 bits, and is used for SB relative addressing. 2.8 Flag Register (FLG) FLG consists of 11 bits, indicating the CPU status. 2.8.1 Carry Flag (C Flag) This flag retains a carry, borrow, or shift-out bit that has occurred in the arithmetic/logic unit. 2.8.2 Debug Flag (D Flag) This flag is used exclusively for debugging purpose. During normal use, set to 0. 2.8.3 Zero Flag (Z Flag) This flag is set to 1 when an arithmetic operation resulted in 0; otherwise, it is 0. 2.8.4 Sign Flag (S Flag) This flag is set to 1 when an arithmetic operation resulted in a negative value; otherwise, it is 0. 2.8.5 Register Bank Select Flag (B Flag) Register bank 0 is selected when this flag is 0; register bank 1 is selected when this flag is 1. 2.8.6 Overflow Flag (O Flag) This flag is set to 1 when the operation resulted in an overflow; otherwise, it is 0. 2.8.7 Interrupt Enable Flag (I Flag) This flag enables a maskable interrupt. Maskable interrupts are disabled when the I flag is 0, and are enabled when the I flag is 1. The I flag is set to 0 when the interrupt request is accepted. 2.8.8 Stack Pointer Select Flag (U Flag) ISP is selected when the U flag is 0; USP is selected when the U flag is 1. The U flag is set to 0 when a hardware interrupt request is accepted or an INT instruction for software interrupt Nos. 0 to 31 is executed. 2.8.9 Processor Interrupt Priority Level (IPL) IPL is configured with three bits, for specification of up to eight processor interrupt priority levels from level 0 to level 7. If a requested interrupt has priority greater than IPL, the interrupt request is enabled. 2.8.10 Reserved Area When white to this bit, write 0. When read, its content is undefined. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 17 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 3. Memory 3. Memory Figure 3.1 shows a Memory Map. The address space extends the 1 Mbyte from address 00000h to FFFFFh. The internal ROM is allocated in a lower address direction beginning with address FFFFFh. For example, a 512-Kbyte internal ROM is allocated to the addresses from 80000h to FFFFFh. As for the flash memory version, 4-Kbyte space (block A) exists in 0F000h to 0FFFFh. 4-Kbyte space is mainly for storing data. In addition to storing data, 4-Kbyte space also can store programs. The fixed interrupt vector table is allocated to the addresses from FFFDCh to FFFFFh. Therefore, store the start address of each interrupt routine here. The internal RAM is allocated in an upper address direction beginning with address 00400h. For example, a 31-Kbyte internal RAM is allocated to the addresses from 00400h to 07FFFh. In addition to storing data, the internal RAM also stores the stack used when calling subroutines and when interrupts are generated. The Special Function Registers (SFRs) are allocated to the addresses from 00000h to 003FFh. Peripheral function control registers are located here. Of the SFR, any area which has no functions allocated is reserved for future use and cannot be accessed by user. The special page vector table is allocated to the addresses from FFE00h to FFFDBh. This vector is used by the JMPS or JSRS instruction. For details, refer to M16C/60, M16C/20, M16C/Tiny Series Software Manual. In memory expansion and microprocessor modes, some areas are reserved for future use and cannot be used by users. Use T/V-ver. in single-chip mode. The memory expansion and microprocessor modes cannot be used. 00000h SFR 00400h Internal RAM XXXXXh FFE00h Reserved area (1) 0F000h 0FFFFh 10000h Internal ROM (data flash) (3) Special page vector table External area 27000h Internal ROM (4) Internal RAM Reserved area FFFDCh BRK instruction Address match Single step External area Capacity Address XXXXXh Capacity Address YYYYYh 16 Kbytes 043FFh 192 Kbytes D0000h 80000h 20 Kbytes 053FFh 256 Kbytes C0000h YYYYYh 31 Kbytes 07FFFh 384 Kbytes A0000h 512 Kbytes 80000h Undefined instruction Overflow 28000h Reserved area (2) Oscillation stop and re-oscillation detection / watchdog timer Internal ROM (program area) (4) FFFFFh FFFFFh DBC NMI Reset NOTES: 1. During memory expansion mode or microprocessor mode, cannot be used. 2. In memory expansion mode, cannot be used. 3. As for the flash memory version, 4-Kbyte space (block A) exists. 4. When using the masked ROM version, write nothing to internal ROM area. 5. Shown here is a memory map for the case where the PM10 bit in the PM1 register is 1 (block A enabled, addresses 10000h to 26FFFh for CS2 area) and the PM13 bit in the PM1 register is 1 (internal RAM area is expanded over 192 Kbytes). * Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. And not available external area in T/V-ver.. Figure 3.1 Memory Map Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 18 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) An SFR (Special Function Register) is a control register for a peripheral function. Tables 4.1 to 4.16 list the SFR Information. Table 4.1 SFR Information (1) (5) Address 0000h 0001h 0002h 0003h Register Symbol After Reset 00000000b (CNVSS pin is "L") 00000011b (CNVSS pin is "H") (3) 00001000b 01001000b 00100000b 00000001b XXXXXX00b XX000000b 0004h Processor Mode Register 0 (1) PM0 0005h 0006h 0007h 0008h 0009h 000Ah 000Bh 000Ch 000Dh 000Eh 000Fh 0010h 0011h 0012h 0013h 0014h 0015h 0016h 0017h 0018h 0019h 001Ah 001Bh 001Ch 001Dh 001Eh 001Fh 0020h 0021h 0022h 0023h 0024h 0025h 0026h 0027h 0028h 0029h 002Ah 002Bh 002Ch 002Dh 002Eh 002Fh 0030h 0031h 0032h 0033h 0034h 0035h 0036h 0037h 0038h 0039h 003Ah 003Bh 003Ch 003Dh 003Eh 003Fh Processor Mode Register 1 System Clock Control Register 0 System Clock Control Register 1 Chip Select Control Register (4) Address Match Interrupt Enable Register Protect Register PM1 CM0 CM1 CSR AIER PRCR Oscillation Stop Detection Register (2) CM2 0X000000b Watchdog Timer Start Register Watchdog Timer Control Register WDTS WDC Address Match Interrupt Register 0 RMAD0 XXh 00XXXXXXb 00h 00h X0h Address Match Interrupt Register 1 RMAD1 Chip Select Expansion Control Register (4) PLL Control Register 0 CSE PLC0 00h 0001X010b Processor Mode Register 2 PM2 XXX00000b DMA0 Source Pointer SAR0 XXh XXh XXh DMA0 Destination Pointer DAR0 XXh XXh XXh DMA0 Transfer Counter TCR0 XXh XXh DMA0 Control Register DM0CON DMA1 Source Pointer SAR1 XXh XXh XXh DMA1 Destination Pointer DAR1 XXh XXh XXh DMA1 Transfer Counter TCR1 XXh XXh DMA1 Control Register DM1CON 00h 00h X0h 00000X00b 00000X00b X: Undefined NOTES: 1. Bits PM00 and PM01 in the PM0 register do not change at software reset, watchdog timer reset and oscillation stop detection reset. * Effective when memory expansion and microprocessor modes (= Normal-ver.). 2. Bits CM20, CM21, and CM27 in the CM2 register do not change at oscillation stop detection reset. 3. CNVSS pin = H is not available in T/V-ver.. Do not set a value. 4. These registers are not available in T/V-ver. 5. Blank spaces are reserved. No access is allowed. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 19 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) Table 4.2 SFR Information (2) (2) Address 0040h 0041h 0042h 0043h 0044h 0045h 0046h 0047h 0048h 0049h 004Ah 004Bh 004Ch 004Dh 004Eh 004Fh 0050h 0051h 0052h 0053h 0054h 0055h 0056h 0057h 0058h 0059h 005Ah 005Bh 005Ch 005Dh 005Eh 005Fh 0060h 0061h 0062h 0063h 0064h 0065h 0066h 0067h 0068h 0069h 006Ah 006Bh 006Ch 006Dh 006Eh 006Fh 0070h 0071h 0072h 0073h 0074h 0075h 0076h 0077h 0078h 0079h 007Ah 007Bh 007Ch 007Dh 007Eh 007Fh Register CAN0/1 Wake-up Interrupt Control Register CAN0 Successful Reception Interrupt Control Register CAN0 Successful Transmission Interrupt Control Register INT3 Interrupt Control Register Timer B5 Interrupt Control Register SI/O5 Interrupt Control Register (1) Timer B4 Interrupt Control Register UART1 Bus Collision Detection Interrupt Control Register Timer B3 Interrupt Control Register UART0 Bus Collision Detection Interrupt Control Register CAN1 Successful Reception Interrupt Control Register SI/O4 Interrupt Control Register INT5 Interrupt Control Register CAN1 Successful Transmission Interrupt Control Register SI/O3 Interrupt Control Register INT4 Interrupt Control Register UART2 Bus Collision Detection Interrupt Control Register DMA0 Interrupt Control Register DMA1 Interrupt Control Register CAN0/1 Error Interrupt Control Register A/D Conversion Interrupt Control Register Key Input Interrupt Control Register UART2 Transmit Interrupt Control Register UART2 Receive Interrupt Control Register UART0 Transmit Interrupt Control Register UART0 Receive Interrupt Control Register UART1 Transmit Interrupt Control Register UART1 Receive Interrupt Control Register Timer A0 Interrupt Control Register Timer A1 Interrupt Control Register Timer A2 Interrupt Control Register INT7 Interrupt Control Register (1) Timer A3 Interrupt Control Register INT6 Interrupt Control Register (1) Timer A4 Interrupt Control Register Timer B0 Interrupt Control Register SI/O6 Interrupt Control Register (1) Timer B1 Interrupt Control Register INT8 Interrupt Control Register (1) Timer B2 Interrupt Control Register INT0 Interrupt Control Register INT1 Interrupt Control Register INT2 Interrupt Control Register CAN0 Message Box 0: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 0: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 0: Time Stamp CAN0 Message Box 1: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 1: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 1: Time Stamp X: Undefined NOTES: 1. These registers exist only in the 128-pin version. 2. Blank spaces are reserved. No access is allowed. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 20 of 378 Symbol C01WKIC C0RECIC C0TRMIC INT3IC TB5IC S5IC TB4IC U1BCNIC TB3IC U0BCNIC C1RECIC S4IC INT5IC C1TRMIC S3IC INT4IC U2BCNIC DM0IC DM1IC C01ERRIC ADIC KUPIC S2TIC S2RIC S0TIC S0RIC S1TIC S1RIC TA0IC TA1IC TA2IC INT7IC TA3IC INT6IC TA4IC TB0IC S6IC TB1IC INT8IC TB2IC INT0IC INT1IC INT2IC After Reset XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XX00X000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XX00X000b XX00X000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XX00X000b XX00X000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XX00X000b XXXXX000b XX00X000b XX00X000b XX00X000b XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) Table 4.3 SFR Information (3) Address 0080h 0081h 0082h 0083h 0084h 0085h 0086h 0087h 0088h 0089h 008Ah 008Bh 008Ch 008Dh 008Eh 008Fh 0090h 0091h 0092h 0093h 0094h 0095h 0096h 0097h 0098h 0099h 009Ah 009Bh 009Ch 009Dh 009Eh 009Fh 00A0h 00A1h 00A2h 00A3h 00A4h 00A5h 00A6h 00A7h 00A8h 00A9h 00AAh 00ABh 00ACh 00ADh 00AEh 00AFh 00B0h 00B1h 00B2h 00B3h 00B4h 00B5h 00B6h 00B7h 00B8h 00B9h 00BAh 00BBh 00BCh 00BDh 00BEh 00BFh Register CAN0 Message Box 2: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 2: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 2: Time Stamp CAN0 Message Box 3: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 3: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 3: Time Stamp CAN0 Message Box 4: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 4: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 4: Time Stamp CAN0 Message Box 5: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 5: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 5: Time Stamp X: Undefined Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 21 of 378 Symbol After Reset XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) Table 4.4 SFR Information (4) Address 00C0h 00C1h 00C2h 00C3h 00C4h 00C5h 00C6h 00C7h 00C8h 00C9h 00CAh 00CBh 00CCh 00CDh 00CEh 00CFh 00D0h 00D1h 00D2h 00D3h 00D4h 00D5h 00D6h 00D7h 00D8h 00D9h 00DAh 00DBh 00DCh 00DDh 00DEh 00DFh 00E0h 00E1h 00E2h 00E3h 00E4h 00E5h 00E6h 00E7h 00E8h 00E9h 00EAh 00EBh 00ECh 00EDh 00EEh 00EFh 00F0h 00F1h 00F2h 00F3h 00F4h 00F5h 00F6h 00F7h 00F8h 00F9h 00FAh 00FBh 00FCh 00FDh 00FEh 00FFh Register CAN0 Message Box 6: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 6: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 6: Time Stamp CAN0 Message Box 7: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 7: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 7: Time Stamp CAN0 Message Box 8: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 8: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 8: Time Stamp CAN0 Message Box 9: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 9: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 9: Time Stamp X: Undefined Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 22 of 378 Symbol After Reset XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) Table 4.5 SFR Information (5) Address 0100h 0101h 0102h 0103h 0104h 0105h 0106h 0107h 0108h 0109h 010Ah 010Bh 010Ch 010Dh 010Eh 010Fh 0110h 0111h 0112h 0113h 0114h 0115h 0116h 0117h 0118h 0119h 011Ah 011Bh 011Ch 011Dh 011Eh 011Fh 0120h 0121h 0122h 0123h 0124h 0125h 0126h 0127h 0128h 0129h 012Ah 012Bh 012Ch 012Dh 012Eh 012Fh 0130h 0131h 0132h 0133h 0134h 0135h 0136h 0137h 0138h 0139h 013Ah 013Bh 013Ch 013Dh 013Eh 013Fh Register CAN0 Message Box 10: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 10: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 10: Time Stamp CAN0 Message Box 11: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 11: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 11: Time Stamp CAN0 Message Box 12: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 12: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 12: Time Stamp CAN0 Message Box 13: Identifier / DLC CAN0 Message Box 13: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 13: Time Stamp X: Undefined Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 23 of 378 Symbol After Reset XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) Table 4.6 SFR Information (6) (1) Address 0140h 0141h 0142h 0143h 0144h 0145h 0146h 0147h 0148h 0149h 014Ah 014Bh 014Ch 014Dh 014Eh 014Fh 0150h 0151h 0152h 0153h 0154h 0155h 0156h 0157h 0158h 0159h 015Ah 015Bh 015Ch 015Dh 015Eh 015Fh 0160h 0161h 0162h 0163h 0164h 0165h 0166h 0167h 0168h 0169h 016Ah 016Bh 016Ch 016Dh 016Eh 016Fh 0170h 0171h 0172h 0173h 0174h 0175h 0176h 0177h 0178h 0179h 017Ah 017Bh 017Ch 017Dh 017Eh 017Fh Register Symbol CAN0 Message Box 14: Identifier /DLC CAN0 Message Box 14: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 14: Time Stamp CAN0 Message Box 15: Identifier /DLC CAN0 Message Box 15: Data Field CAN0 Message Box 15: Time Stamp CAN0 Global Mask Register C0GMR CAN0 Local Mask A Register C0LMAR CAN0 Local Mask B Register C0LMBR X: Undefined NOTE: 1. Blank spaces are reserved. No access is allowed. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 24 of 378 After Reset XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) Table 4.7 SFR Information (7) (2) Address 0180h 0181h 0182h 0183h 0184h 0185h 0186h 0187h 0188h 0189h 018Ah 018Bh 018Ch 018Dh 018Eh 018Fh 0190h 0191h 0192h 0193h 0194h 0195h 0196h 0197h 0198h 0199h 019Ah 019Bh 019Ch 019Dh 019Eh 019Fh 01A0h 01A1h 01A2h 01A3h 01A4h 01A5h 01A6h 01A7h 01A8h 01A9h 01AAh 01ABh 01ACh 01ADh 01AEh 01AFh 01B0h 01B1h 01B2h 01B3h 01B4h 01B5h 01B6h 01B7h 01B8h 01B9h 01BAh 01BBh 01BCh 01BDh 01BEh 01BFh Register Symbol After Reset Flash Memory Control Register 1 (1) FMR1 0X00XX0Xb Flash Memory Control Register 0 (1) FMR0 Address Match Interrupt Register 2 RMAD2 Address Match Interrupt Enable Register 2 AIER2 Address Match Interrupt Register 3 RMAD3 00000001b 00h 00h X0h XXXXXX00b 00h 00h X0h X: Undefined NOTES: 1. These registers are included in the flash memory version. Cannot be accessed by users in the mask ROM version. 2. Blank spaces are reserved. No access is allowed. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 25 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) Table 4.8 SFR Information (8) (3) Address 01C0h 01C1h 01C2h 01C3h 01C4h 01C5h 01C6h 01C7h 01C8h 01C9h 01CAh 01CBh 01CCh 01CDh 01CEh 01CFh 01D0h 01D1h 01D2h 01D3h 01D4h 01D5h 01D6h 01D7h 01D8h 01D9h 01DAh 01DBh 01DCh 01DDh 01DEh 01DFh 01E0h 01E1h 01E2h 01E3h 01E4h 01E5h 01E6h 01E7h 01E8h 01E9h 01EAh 01EBh 01ECh 01EDh 01EEh 01EFh 01F0h 01F1h 01F2h 01F3h 01F4h 01F5h 01F6h 01F7h 01F8h 01F9h 01FAh 01FBh 01FCh 01FDh 01FEh 01FFh Timer B3, B4, B5 Count Start Flag Register Symbol TBSR Timer A1-1 Register TA11 Timer A2-1 Register TA21 Timer A4-1 Register TA41 Three-Phase PWM Control Register 0 Three-Phase PWM Control Register 1 Three-Phase Output Buffer Register 0 Three-Phase Output Buffer Register 1 Dead Time Timer Timer B2 Interrupt Generation Frequency Set Counter INVC0 INVC1 IDB0 IDB1 DTT ICTB2 Interrupt Source Select Register 2 IFSR2 Timer B3 Register TB3 Timer B4 Register TB4 After Reset 000XXXXXb XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh 00h 00h 00111111b 00111111b XXh XXh S6TRR X0000000b XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh SI/O6 Control Register (1) SI/O6 Bit Rate Register (1) SI/O3, 4, 5, 6 Transmit/Receive Register (2) Timer B3 Mode Register Timer B4 Mode Register Timer B5 Mode Register Interrupt Source Select Register 0 Interrupt Source Select Register 1 SI/O3 Transmit/Receive Register S6C S6BRG S3456TRR TB3MR TB4MR TB5MR IFSR0 IFSR1 S3TRR 01000000b XXh XXXX0000b 00XX0000b 00XX0000b 00XX0000b 00h 00h XXh SI/O3 Control Register SI/O3 Bit Rate Register SI/O4 Transmit/Receive Register S3C S3BRG S4TRR 01000000b XXh XXh SI/O4 Control Register SI/O4 Bit Rate Register SI/O5 Transmit/Receive Register (1) S4C S4BRG S5TRR 01000000b XXh XXh SI/O5 Control Register (1) SI/O5 Bit Rate Register (1) UART0 Special Mode Register 4 UART0 Special Mode Register 3 UART0 Special Mode Register 2 UART0 Special Mode Register UART1 Special Mode Register 4 UART1 Special Mode Register 3 UART1 Special Mode Register 2 UART1 Special Mode Register UART2 Special Mode Register 4 UART2 Special Mode Register 3 UART2 Special Mode Register 2 UART2 Special Mode Register UART2 Transmit/Receive Mode Register UART2 Bit Rate Register S5C S5BRG U0SMR4 U0SMR3 U0SMR2 U0SMR U1SMR4 U1SMR3 U1SMR2 U1SMR U2SMR4 U2SMR3 U2SMR2 U2SMR U2MR U2BRG UART2 Transmit Buffer Register U2TB UART2 Transmit/Receive Control Register 0 UART2 Transmit/Receive Control Register 1 U2C0 U2C1 UART2 Receive Buffer Register U2RB 01000000b XXh 00h 000X0X0Xb X0000000b X0000000b 00h 000X0X0Xb X0000000b X0000000b 00h 000X0X0Xb X0000000b X0000000b 00h XXh XXh XXh 00001000b 00000010b XXh XXh TB5 Timer B5 Register SI/O6 Transmit/Receive Register (1) X: Undefined NOTES: 1. These registers exist only in the 128-pin version. 2. Bits S5TRF and S6TRF in the S3456TRR register are used in the 128-pin version. 3. Blank spaces are reserved. No access is allowed. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 26 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) Table 4.9 SFR Information (9) Address 0200h 0201h 0202h 0203h 0204h 0205h 0206h 0207h 0208h 0209h 020Ah 020Bh 020Ch 020Dh 020Eh 020Fh 0210h 0211h 0212h 0213h 0214h 0215h 0216h 0217h 0218h 0219h 021Ah 021Bh 021Ch 021Dh 021Eh 021Fh 0220h 0221h 0222h 0223h 0224h 0225h 0226h 0227h 0228h 0229h 022Ah 022Bh 022Ch 022Dh 022Eh 022Fh 0230h 0231h 0232h 0233h 0234h 0235h 0236h 0237h 0238h 0239h 023Ah 023Bh 023Ch 023Dh 023Eh 023Fh CAN0 Message Control Register 0 CAN0 Message Control Register 1 CAN0 Message Control Register 2 CAN0 Message Control Register 3 CAN0 Message Control Register 4 CAN0 Message Control Register 5 CAN0 Message Control Register 6 CAN0 Message Control Register 7 CAN0 Message Control Register 8 CAN0 Message Control Register 9 CAN0 Message Control Register 10 CAN0 Message Control Register 11 CAN0 Message Control Register 12 CAN0 Message Control Register 13 CAN0 Message Control Register 14 CAN0 Message Control Register 15 Register Symbol C0MCTL0 C0MCTL1 C0MCTL2 C0MCTL3 C0MCTL4 C0MCTL5 C0MCTL6 C0MCTL7 C0MCTL8 C0MCTL9 C0MCTL10 C0MCTL11 C0MCTL12 C0MCTL13 C0MCTL14 C0MCTL15 CAN0 Control Register C0CTLR CAN0 Status Register C0STR CAN0 Slot Status Register C0SSTR CAN0 Interrupt Control Register C0ICR CAN0 Extended ID Register C0IDR CAN0 Configuration Register C0CONR CAN0 Receive Error Count Register CAN0 Transmit Error Count Register C0RECR C0TECR CAN0 Time Stamp Register C0TSR CAN1 Message Control Register 0 CAN1 Message Control Register 1 CAN1 Message Control Register 2 CAN1 Message Control Register 3 CAN1 Message Control Register 4 CAN1 Message Control Register 5 CAN1 Message Control Register 6 CAN1 Message Control Register 7 CAN1 Message Control Register 8 CAN1 Message Control Register 9 CAN1 Message Control Register 10 CAN1 Message Control Register 11 CAN1 Message Control Register 12 CAN1 Message Control Register 13 CAN1 Message Control Register 14 CAN1 Message Control Register 15 C1MCTL0 C1MCTL1 C1MCTL2 C1MCTL3 C1MCTL4 C1MCTL5 C1MCTL6 C1MCTL7 C1MCTL8 C1MCTL9 C1MCTL10 C1MCTL11 C1MCTL12 C1MCTL13 C1MCTL14 C1MCTL15 CAN1 Control Register C1CTLR CAN1 Status Register C1STR CAN1 Slot Status Register C1SSTR CAN1 Interrupt Control Register C1ICR CAN1 Extended ID Register C1IDR CAN1 Configuration Register C1CONR CAN1 Receive Error Count Register CAN1 Transmit Error Count Register C1RECR C1TECR CAN1 Time Stamp Register C1TSR X: Undefined Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 27 of 378 After Reset 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h X0000001b XX0X0000b 00h X0000001b 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h XXh XXh 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h X0000001b XX0X0000b 00h X0000001b 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h XXh XXh 00h 00h 00h 00h M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) Table 4.10 SFR Information (10) (1) Address 0240h 0241h 0242h 0243h 0244h 0245h 0246h 0247h 0248h 0249h 024Ah 024Bh 024Ch 024Dh 024Eh 024Fh 0250h 0251h 0252h 0253h 0254h 0255h 0256h 0257h 0258h 0259h 025Ah 025Bh 025Ch 025Dh 025Eh 025Fh 0260h 0261h 0262h 0263h 0264h 0265h 0266h 0267h 0268h 0269h 026Ah 026Bh 026Ch 026Dh 026Eh 026Fh 0270h 0271h 0272h 0273h 0274h 0275h 0276h 0277h 0278h 0279h 027Ah 027Bh 027Ch 027Dh 027Eh 027Fh Register Symbol CAN0 Acceptance Filter Support Register C0AFS CAN1 Acceptance Filter Support Register C1AFS Peripheral Clock Select Register CAN0/1 Clock Select Register PCLKR CCLKR CAN1 Message Box 0: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 0: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 0:Time Stamp CAN1 Message Box 1: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 1: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 1:Time Stamp X: Undefined NOTE: 1. Blank spaces are reserved. No access is allowed. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 28 of 378 After Reset XXh XXh XXh XXh 00h 00h XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) Table 4.11 SFR Information (11) Address 0280h 0281h 0282h 0283h 0284h 0285h 0286h 0287h 0288h 0289h 028Ah 028Bh 028Ch 028Dh 028Eh 028Fh 0290h 0291h 0292h 0293h 0294h 0295h 0296h 0297h 0298h 0299h 029Ah 029Bh 029Ch 029Dh 029Eh 029Fh 02A0h 02A1h 02A2h 02A3h 02A4h 02A5h 02A6h 02A7h 02A8h 02A9h 02AAh 02ABh 02ACh 02ADh 02AEh 02AFh 02B0h 02B1h 02B2h 02B3h 02B4h 02B5h 02B6h 02B7h 02B8h 02B9h 02BAh 02BBh 02BCh 02BDh 02BEh 02BFh Register CAN1 Message Box 2: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 2: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 2: Time Stamp CAN1 Message Box 3: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 3: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 3: Time Stamp CAN1 Message Box 4: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 4: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 4: Time Stamp CAN1 Message Box 5: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 5: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 5: Time Stamp X: Undefined Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 29 of 378 Symbol After Reset XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) Table 4.12 SFR Information (12) Address 02C0h 02C1h 02C2h 02C3h 02C4h 02C5h 02C6h 02C7h 02C8h 02C9h 02CAh 02CBh 02CCh 02CDh 02CEh 02CFh 02D0h 02D1h 02D2h 02D3h 02D4h 02D5h 02D6h 02D7h 02D8h 02D9h 02DAh 02DBh 02DCh 02DDh 02DEh 02DFh 02E0h 02E1h 02E2h 02E3h 02E4h 02E5h 02E6h 02E7h 02E8h 02E9h 02EAh 02EBh 02ECh 02EDh 02EEh 02EFh 02F0h 02F1h 02F2h 02F3h 02F4h 02F5h 02F6h 02F7h 02F8h 02F9h 02FAh 02FBh 02FCh 02FDh 02FEh 02FFh Register CAN1 Message Box 6: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 6: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 6: Time Stamp CAN1 Message Box 7: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 7: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 7: Time Stamp CAN1 Message Box 8: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 8: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 8: Time Stamp CAN1 Message Box 9: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 9: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 9: Time Stamp X: Undefined Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 30 of 378 Symbol After Reset XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) Table 4.13 SFR Information (13) Address 0300h 0301h 0302h 0303h 0304h 0305h 0306h 0307h 0308h 0309h 030Ah 030Bh 030Ch 030Dh 030Eh 030Fh 0310h 0311h 0312h 0313h 0314h 0315h 0316h 0317h 0318h 0319h 031Ah 031Bh 031Ch 031Dh 031Eh 031Fh 0320h 0321h 0322h 0323h 0324h 0325h 0326h 0327h 0328h 0329h 032Ah 032Bh 032Ch 032Dh 032Eh 032Fh 0330h 0331h 0332h 0333h 0334h 0335h 0336h 0337h 0338h 0339h 033Ah 033Bh 033Ch 033Dh 033Eh 033Fh Register CAN1 Message Box 10: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 10: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 10: Time Stamp CAN1 Message Box 11: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 11: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 11: Time Stamp CAN1 Message Box 12: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 12: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 12: Time Stamp CAN1 Message Box 13: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 13: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 13: Time Stamp X: Undefined Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 31 of 378 Symbol After Reset XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) Table 4.14 SFR Information (14) (1) Address 0340h 0341h 0342h 0343h 0344h 0345h 0346h 0347h 0348h 0349h 034Ah 034Bh 034Ch 034Dh 034Eh 034Fh 0350h 0351h 0352h 0353h 0354h 0355h 0356h 0357h 0358h 0359h 035Ah 035Bh 035Ch 035Dh 035Eh 035Fh 0360h 0361h 0362h 0363h 0364h 0365h 0366h 0367h 0368h 0369h 036Ah 036Bh 036Ch 036Dh 036Eh 036Fh 0370h 0371h 0372h 0373h 0374h 0375h 0376h 0377h 0378h 0379h 037Ah 037Bh 037Ch 037Dh 037Eh 037Fh Register Symbol CAN1 Message Box 14: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 14: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 14: Time Stamp CAN1 Message Box 15: Identifier / DLC CAN1 Message Box 15: Data Field CAN1 Message Box 15: Time Stamp CAN1 Global Mask Register C1GMR CAN1 Local Mask A Register C1LMAR CAN1 Local Mask B Register C1LMBR X: Undefined NOTE: 1. Blank spaces are reserved. No access is allowed. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 32 of 378 After Reset XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) Table 4.15 SFR Information (15) (2) Address 0380h 0381h 0382h 0383h 0384h 0385h 0386h 0387h 0388h 0389h 038Ah 038Bh 038Ch 038Dh 038Eh 038Fh 0390h 0391h 0392h 0393h 0394h 0395h 0396h 0397h 0398h 0399h 039Ah 039Bh 039Ch 039Dh 039Eh 039Fh 03A0h 03A1h 03A2h 03A3h 03A4h 03A5h 03A6h 03A7h 03A8h 03A9h 03AAh 03ABh 03ACh 03ADh 03AEh 03AFh 03B0h 03B1h 03B2h 03B3h 03B4h 03B5h 03B6h 03B7h 03B8h 03B9h 03BAh 03BBh 03BCh 03BDh 03BEh 03BFh Count Start Flag Clock Prescaler Reset Flag One-Shot Start Flag Trigger Select Register Up/Down Flag Register Symbol TABSR CPSRF ONSF TRGSR UDF After Reset 00h 0XXXXXXXb 00h 00h 00h (1) Timer A0 Register TA0 Timer A1 Register TA1 Timer A2 Register TA2 Timer A3 Register TA3 Timer A4 Register TA4 Timer B0 Register TB0 Timer B1 Register TB1 Timer B2 Register TB2 Timer A0 Mode Register Timer A1 Mode Register Timer A2 Mode Register Timer A3 Mode Register Timer A4 Mode Register Timer B0 Mode Register Timer B1 Mode Register Timer B2 Mode Register Timer B2 Special Mode Register TA0MR TA1MR TA2MR TA3MR TA4MR TB0MR TB1MR TB2MR TB2SC UART0 Transmit/Receive Mode Register UART0 Bit Rate Register U0MR U0BRG UART0 Transmit Buffer Register U0TB UART0 Transmit/Receive Control Register 0 UART0 Transmit/Receive Control Register 1 U0C0 U0C1 UART0 Receive Buffer Register U0RB UART1 Transmit/Receive Mode Register UART1 Bit Rate Register U1MR U1BRG UART1 Transmit Buffer Register U1TB UART1 Transmit/Receive Control Register 0 UART1 Transmit/Receive Control Register 1 U1C0 U1C1 UART1 Receive Buffer Register U1RB UART Transmit/Receive Control Register 2 UCON 00h XXh XXh XXh 00001000b 00XX0010b XXh XXh 00h XXh XXh XXh 00001000b 00XX0010b XXh XXh X0000000b DMA0 Request Source Select Register DM0SL 00h DMA1 Request Source Select Register DM1SL 00h CRC Data Register CRCD CRC Input Register CRCIN XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh 00h 00h 00h 00h 00h 00XX0000b 00XX0000b 00XX0000b XXXXXX00b XXh XXh XXh X: Undefined NOTES: 1. Bits TA2P to TA4P in the UDF register are set to 0 after reset. However, the contents in these bits are undefined when read. 2. Blank spaces are reserved. No access is allowed. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 33 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) Table 4.16 SFR Information (16) (3) Address 03C0h 03C1h 03C2h 03C3h 03C4h 03C5h 03C6h 03C7h 03C8h 03C9h 03CAh 03CBh 03CCh 03CDh 03CEh 03CFh 03D0h 03D1h 03D2h 03D3h 03D4h 03D5h 03D6h 03D7h 03D8h 03D9h 03DAh 03DBh 03DCh 03DDh 03DEh 03DFh 03E0h 03E1h 03E2h 03E3h 03E4h 03E5h 03E6h 03E7h 03E8h 03E9h 03EAh 03EBh 03ECh 03EDh 03EEh 03EFh 03F0h 03F1h 03F2h 03F3h 03F4h 03F5h 03F6h 03F7h 03F8h 03F9h 03FAh 03FBh 03FCh Register Symbol After Reset XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh XXh A/D Register 0 AD0 A/D Register 1 AD1 A/D Register 2 AD2 A/D Register 3 AD3 A/D Register 4 AD4 A/D Register 5 AD5 A/D Register 6 AD6 A/D Register 7 AD7 A/D Control Register 2 ADCON2 00h A/D Control Register 0 A/D Control Register 1 D/A Register 0 ADCON0 ADCON1 DA0 00000XXXb 00h 00h D/A Register 1 DA1 00h D/A Control Register DACON 00h Port P14 Control Register (2) Pull-Up Control Register 3 (2) Port P0 Register Port P1 Register Port P0 Direction Register Port P1 Direction Register Port P2 Register Port P3 Register Port P2 Direction Register Port P3 Direction Register Port P4 Register Port P5 Register Port P4 Direction Register Port P5 Direction Register Port P6 Register Port P7 Register Port P6 Direction Register Port P7 Direction Register Port P8 Register Port P9 Register Port P8 Direction Register Port P9 Direction Register Port P10 Register Port P11 Register (2) Port P10 Direction Register Port P11 Direction Register (2) Port P12 Register (2) Port P13 Register (2) Port P12 Direction Register (2) Port P13 Direction Register (2) Pull-up Control Register 0 PC14 PUR3 P0 P1 PD0 PD1 P2 P3 PD2 PD3 P4 P5 PD4 PD5 P6 P7 PD6 PD7 P8 P9 PD8 PD9 P10 P11 PD10 PD11 P12 P13 PD12 PD13 PUR0 03FDh Pull-up Control Register 1 PUR1 03FEh 03FFh Pull-up Control Register 2 Port Control Register PUR2 PCR XX00XXXXb 00h XXh XXh 00h 00h XXh XXh 00h 00h XXh XXh 00h 00h XXh XXh 00h 00h XXh XXh 00X00000b 00h XXh XXh 00h 00h XXh XXh 00h 00h 00h 00000000b (1) 00000010b 00h 00h X: Undefined NOTES: 1. At hardware reset, the register is as follows: 00000000b where "L" is input to the CNVSS pin 00000010b where "H" is input to the CNVSS pin (CNVSS pin = H is not available in T/V-ver..) At software reset, watchdog timer reset and oscillation stop detection reset, the register is as follows: 00000000b where the PM01 to PM00 bits in the PM0 register are 00b (single-chip mode) 00000010b where the PM01 to PM00 bits in the PM0 register are 01b (memory expansion mode) or 11b (microprocessor mode) * Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. 2. These registers exist only in the128-pin version. 3. Blank spaces are reserved. No access is allowed. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 34 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 5. Resets 5. Resets Hardware reset, software reset, watchdog timer reset, and oscillation stop detection reset are available to reset the MCU. 5.1 Hardware Reset ____________ The MCU resets pins, the CPU and SFR by setting the RESET pin. If the supply voltage ___________ meets the recommended operating conditions, the MCU resets all pins when an "L" signal is applied to the RESET pin ____________ (see Table 5.1 Pin Status When RESET Pin Level is "L"). The oscillation circuit is also reset and the main ____________ clock starts oscillation. The MCU resets the CPU and SFR when the signal applied to the RESET pin changes low ("L") to high ("H"). The MCU executes the program in an address indicated by the reset vector. ____________ The internal RAM is not reset. When an "L" signal is applied to the RESET pin while writing data to the internal RAM, the internal RAM is in an undefined state. Figure 5.1 shows an Example Reset Circuit. Figure 5.2 shows a Reset Sequence. Table 5.1 lists the Pin ____________ States when RESET Pin Level is "L". 5.1.1 Reset on a ____________ Stable Supply Voltage (1) Apply "L" to the RESET pin (2) Apply 20 or more____________ clock cycles to the XIN pin (3) Apply "H" to the RESET pin 5.1.2 Power-on Reset ____________ (1) Apply "L" to the RESET pin (2) Raise the supply voltage to the recommended operating level (3) Insert td(P-R) ms as wait time for the internal voltage to stabilize (4) Apply 20 or more____________ clock cycles to the XIN pin (5) Apply "H" to the RESET pin Recommended operation voltage VCC 0V RESET VCC RESET 0.2 VCC or below 0.2 VCC or below 0V Supply a clock with td(P-R) +20 or more cycles to the XIN pin NOTE 1. Use the shortest possible wiring to connect external circuit. Figure 5.1 Example Reset Circuit Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 35 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 5. Resets VCC XIN td(P-R) More than 20 cycles are needed RESET BCLK 28cycles BCLK Microprocessor mode BYTE = H (1) Content of reset vector FFFFCh Address FFFFDh FFFFEh RD WR CS0 Microprocessor mode BYTE = L (1) Content of reset vector FFFFCh Address FFFFEh RD WR CS0 Single-chip mode FFFFCh Content of reset vector FFFFEh Address NOTE: 1. Not available in T/V-ver. Figure 5.2 Reset Sequence ____________ Table 5.1 Pin Status when RESET Pin Level is "L" Status Pin Name CNVSS = VSS P0 P1 P2, P3, P4_0 to P4_3 P4_4 P4_5 to P4_7 P5_0 P5_1 P5_2 P5_3 P5_4 Input port Input port Input port Input port Input port Input port Input port Input port Input port Input port CNVSS = VCC (1) BYTE = VSS BYTE = VCC Data input Data input Data input Input port Address output (undefined) ______ Address output (undefined) ______ CS0 output ("H" is output) CS0 output ("H" is output) Input Input ______ port (Pulled high) ______ port (Pulled high) WR output ("H" is output) WR output ("H" is output) ________ ________ BHE output (undefined) BHE ______ ______ output (undefined) RD output ("H" is output) RD output ("H" is output) BCLK output BCLK ___________ ___________output HLDA output HLDA output (The output value__________ depends on (The output value __________ depends on the input to the HOLD pin) the input to the HOLD pin) __________ __________ HOLD input HOLD input ALE output ("L" is output) ALE ________ ________output ("L" is output) RDY input RDY input Input port Input port P5_5 Input port P5_6 Input port P5_7 Input port P6, P7, P8_0 to P8_4, Input port P8_6, P8_7, P9, P10 P11, P12, P13, Input port Input port Input port P14_0, P14_1 (2) NOTES: 1. Shown here is the valid pin state when the internal power supply voltage has stabilized after power-on. When CNVSS = VCC, the pin state is indeterminate until the internal power supply voltage stabilizes. * CNVSS = VCC is not available in T/V-ver.. 2. Pins P11, P12, P13, P14_0, and P14_1 are only in the 128-pin version. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 36 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 5. Resets 5.2 Software Reset The MCU resets pins, the CPU and SFR when the PM03 bit in the PM0 register is set to 1 (MCU reset). Then the MCU executes the program in an address determined by the reset vector. Set the PM03 bit to 1 while the main clock is selected as the CPU clock and the main clock oscillation is stable. In the software reset, the MCU does not reset a part of the SFR. Refer to 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) for details. Processor mode remains unchanged since bits PM01 to PM00 in the PM0 register are not reset. 5.3 Watchdog Timer Reset The MCU resets pins, the CPU and SFR when the PM12 bit in the PM1 register is set to 1 (reset when watchdog timer underflows) and the watchdog timer underflows. Then the MCU executes the program in an address determined by the reset vector. In the watchdog timer reset, the MCU does not reset a part of the SFR. Refer to 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) for details. Processor mode remains unchanged since bits PM01 to PM00 in the PM0 register are not reset. 5.4 Oscillation Stop Detection Reset The MCU resets and stops pins, the CPU and SFR when the CM27 bit in the CM2 register is 0 (reset at oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection), if it detects main clock oscillation circuit stop. Refer to 8.5 Oscillation Stop and Re-Oscillation Detection Function for details. In the oscillation stop detection reset, the MCU does not reset a part of the SFR. Refer to 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) for details. Processor mode remains unchanged since bits PM01 to PM00 in the PM0 register are not reset. 5.5 Internal Space Figure 5.3 shows CPU Register Status After Reset. Refer to 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs) for SFR states after reset. b15 b0 0000h Data Register (R0) 0000h Data Register (R1) 0000h Data Register (R2) 0000h Data Register (R3) 0000h Address Register (A0) 0000h Address Register (A1) 0000h Frame Base Register (FB) b19 b0 Interrupt Table Register (INTB) 00000h Content of addresses FFFFEh to FFFFCh b15 b0 0000h User Stack Pointer (USP) 0000h Interrupt Stack Pointer (ISP) 0000h Static Base Register (SB) b15 b0 0000h b15 U b0 I O B S Figure 5.3 CPU Register Status After Reset Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 Flag Register (FLG) b8 b7 IPL page 37 of 378 Program Counter (PC) Z D C M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 6. Processor Mode 6. Processor Mode Note 6. Processor Mode explains as an example of a Normal-ver.. T/V-ver. is available single-chip mode only. Not available memory expansion mode and microprocessor mode. 6.1 Types of Processor Mode Three processor modes are available to choose from: single-chip mode, memory expansion mode, and microprocessor mode. (Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver..) Table 6.1 shows the Features of Processor Modes. Table 6.1 Features of Processor Modes Processor Mode Single-chip mode Access Space SFR, internal RAM, internal ROM Memory expansion mode (2) SFR, internal RAM, internal ROM, external area (1) SFR, internal RAM, external area (1) Microprocessor mode (2) NOTES: 1. Refer to 7. Bus. 2. Not available in T/V-ver.. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 38 of 378 Pins Which are Assigned I/O Ports All pins are I/O ports or peripheral function I/O pins Some pins serve as bus control pins (1) Some pins serve as bus control pins (1) M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 6. Processor Mode 6.2 Setting Processor Modes Processor mode is set by using the CNVSS pin and bits PM01 to PM00 in the PM0 register. Table 6.2 shows the Processor Mode after Hardware Reset. Table 6.3 shows the PM01 to PM00 bits set values and processor modes. Table 6.2 Processor Mode after Hardware Reset CNVSS Pin Input Level VSS VCC (1) (2) (3) Processor Mode Single-chip mode Microprocessor mode NOTES: 1. If the microcomputer is reset in hardware by applying VCC to the CNVSS pin, the internal ROM cannot be accessed regardless of PM01 to PM00 bits._____ 2. The multiplexed bus cannot be assigned to the entire CS space. 3. Not available in T/V-ver.. Do not set a value. Table 6.3 PM01 to PM00 Bits Set Values and Processor Modes PM01 to PM 00 Bits 00b 01b 10b 11b (1) (1) Processor Mode Single-chip mode Memory expansion mode Do not set a value Microprocessor mode NOTE: 1. Not available in T/V-ver.. Do not set a value. Rewriting bits PM01 to PM00 places the MCU in the corresponding processor mode regardless of whether the input level on the CNVSS pin is "H" or "L". Note, however, that bits PM01 to PM00 cannot be rewritten (1) to 01b (memory expansion mode) or 11b (microprocessor mode) at the same time bits PM07 to PM02 are rewritten. Note also that these bits cannot be rewritten to enter microprocessor mode in the internal ROM, nor can they be rewritten to exit microprocessor mode in areas overlapping the internal ROM. NOTE: 1. Not available memory expansion and mocroprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. If the MCU is reset in hardware by applying VCC to the CNVSS pin (hardware reset), the internal ROM cannot be accessed regardless of bits PM01 to PM00. Figures 6.1 and 6.2 show the PM0 Register and PM1 Registger. Figure 6.3 shows the Memory Map in _____ Single-chip Mode. Figures 6.4 to 6.7 show the Memory Map and CS Area in Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (Normal-ver. only). Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 39 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 6. Processor Mode Processor Mode Register 0 (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol PM0 Bit Symbol After Reset (2) 00000000b (CNVSS pin = L) 00000011b (CNVSS pin = H) (5) Address 0004h Bit Name Function RW 0 0 : Single-chip mode 0 1 : Memory expansion mode (5) 1 0 : Do not set a value 1 1 : Microprocessor mode (5) RW b1 b0 PM00 Processor mode bit (2) PM01 RW PM02 R/W mode select bit (3) 0 : RD, BHE, WR 1 : RD, WRH, WRL RW PM03 Software reset bit Setting this bit to 1 resets the MCU. . read, the content is 0. When RW b5 b4 0 0 : Multiplexed bus is unused PM04 Multiplexed bus space select bit (3) PM05 PM06 PM07 RW (Separate bus in the entire CS space) 0 1 : Allocated to CS2 space 1 0 : Allocated to CS1 space RW 1 1 : Allocated to the entire CS space (4) 0 : Address output Port P4_0 to P4_3 function 1 : Port function select bit (3) (Address is not output) 0 : BCLK is output BCLK output disable 1 : BCLK is not output bit (3) (Pin is left high-impedance) RW RW NOTES: 1. Rewrite this register after setting the PRC1 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (write enabled). 2. Bits PM01 to PM00 do not change at software reset, watchdog timer reset and oscillation stop detection reset. * Effective in memory expansion and microprocessor modes (= Normal-ver.) 3. Effective when bits PM01 to PM00 are set to 01b (memory expansion mode) or 11b (microprocessor mode). * Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. These bits are reserved bit in T/V-ver., and set to 0. 4. To set bits PM01 to PM00 are 01b and bits PM05 to PM04 are 11b (multiplexed bus assigned to the entire CS space), apply an "H" signal to the BYTE pin (external data bus is 8-bit width). While the CNVSS pin is held "H" (VCC), do not rewrite the PM05 to PM04 bits to 11b after reset. If bits PM05 to PM04 are set to 11b during memory expansion mode, P3_1 to P3_7 and P4_0 to P4_3 become I/O ports, in which case the accessible area for each CS is 256 bytes. * Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. 5. Not available in T/V-ver.. Do not set a value. Figure 6.1 PM0 Register Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 40 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 6. Processor Mode Processor Mode Register 1 (1) b7 b6 b5 0 0 b4 b3 b2 b1 0 b0 Symbol PM1 Address 0005h After Reset 00001000b Bit Symbol Bit Name PM10 CS2 area switch bit (Data block enable bit) (2) PM11 Port P3_7 to P3_4 function 0 : Address output 1 : Port function select bit (3) PM12 Watchdog timer function select bit 0 : Watchdog timer interrupt 1 : Watchdog timer reset (4) RW PM13 Internal reserved area expansion bit (5) See NOTE 7 RW (b6-b4) Reserved bits Set to 0 RW PM17 Wait bit (6) 0 : No wait state 1 : With wait state (1 wait) RW - Function RW 0 : 08000h to 26FFFh (Block A disable) 1 : 10000h to 26FFFh (Block A enable) RW RW NOTES: 1. Rewrite this register after setting the PRC1 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (write enabled). 2. For the mask ROM version, this bit is set to 0. For the flash memory version, the PM10 bit controls whether block A is enabled or disabled. When the PM10 bit is set to 1, 0F000h to 0FFFFh (block A) can be used as internal ROM area. In addition, the PM10 bit is automatically set to 1 while the FMR01 bit in the FMR0 register is set to 1 (CPU rewrite mode). 3. Effective when bits PM01 to PM00 are set to 01b (memory expansion mode) or 11b (microprocessor mode). * Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. This bit is reserved bit in T/V-ver., and set to 0. 4. The PM12 bit is set to 1 by writing a 1 in a program. (writing a 0 has no effect.) 5. Be sure to set this bit to 0 except for products with internal ROM area over 192 Kbytes. The PM13 bit is automatically set to 1 while the FMR01 bit in the FMR0 register is set to 1 (CPU rewrite mode). 6. When the PM17 bit is set to 1 (with wait state), one wait state is inserted when accessing the internal RAM or internal ROM. When the PM17 bit is set to 1 and accesses an external area, set the CSiW bit (i = 0 to 3) in the CSR register to 0 (with wait state). 7. The access area is changed by the PM13 bit as listed in the table below. Access Area PM13 = 0 PM13 = 1 RAM Up to addresses 00400h to 03FFFh (15 Kbytes) The entire area is usable Internal ROM Up to addresses D0000h to FFFFFh (192 Kbytes) The entire area is usable External Addresses 04000h to 07FFFh are usable Addresses 80000h to CFFFFh are usable * External area is not available in T/V-ver.. Figure 6.2 PM1 Register Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 41 of 378 Addresses 04000h to 07FFFh are reserved Addresses 80000h to CFFFFh are reserved (Memory expansion mode) M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 6. Processor Mode Single-chip mode 00000h SFR (1) 00400h Internal RAM XXXXXh Can not use YYYYYh Internal ROM PM13 bit in PM1 register = 0 Internal RAM Internal ROM Capacity Address XXXXXh Capacity Address YYYYYh 16 Kbytes 03FFFh 192 Kbytes D0000h 20 Kbytes 03FFFh 256 Kbytes D0000h 31 Kbytes 03FFFh 384 Kbytes D0000h 512 Kbytes D0000h PM13 bit = 1 Internal RAM Capacity Address XXXXXh 043FFh 16 Kbytes 053FFh 20 Kbytes 07FFFh 31 Kbytes FFFFFh Internal ROM Capacity Address YYYYYh 192 Kbytes D0000h 256 Kbytes C0000h 384 Kbytes A0000h 512 Kbytes 80000h NOTES: 1. If the PM13 bit in the PM1 register is set to 0, 15 Kbytes of the internal RAM and 192 Kbytes of the internal ROM can be used. 2. For the mask ROM version, set the PM10 bit in the PM1 register to 0 (block A disabled, addresses 08000h to 26FFFh for CS2 area). Figure 6.3 Memory Map in Single-chip Mode Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 42 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 6. Processor Mode When PM13 = 0 and PM10 = 0 Memory expansion mode Microprocessor mode 00000h SFR SFR Internal RAM Internal RAM Reserved area Reserved area 00400h XXXXXh 04000h CS3 (16 Kbytes) 08000h 27000h CS2 (124 Kbytes) Reserved area Reserved area 28000h CS1 (32 Kbytes) 30000h External area External area CS0 80000h YYYYYh Memory expansion mode: 320 Kbytes Microprocessor mode: 832 Kbytes Reserved area Internal ROM FFFFFh Internal RAM Capacity Address XXXXXh (1) 16 Kbytes 20 Kbytes 31 Kbytes 03FFFh 03FFFh 03FFFh Internal ROM Capacity Address YYYYYh (1) 192 Kbytes 256 Kbytes 384 Kbytes 512 Kbytes D0000h D0000h D0000h D0000h NOTES: 1. If the PM13 bit in the PM1 register is set to 0, 15 Kbytes of the internal RAM and 192 Kbytes of the internal ROM can be used. 2. Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. _____ Figure 6.4 Memory Map and CS Area in Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (1) When PM13 = 1 and PM10 = 0 Memory expansion mode Microprocessor mode 00000h SFR SFR Internal RAM Internal RAM Reserved area Reserved area Reserved area Reserved area 00400h XXXXXh 08000h 27000h CS2 (124 Kbytes) 28000h CS1 (32 Kbytes) 30000h External area External area CS0 80000h YYYYYh Memory expansion mode: 320 Kbytes Microprocessor mode: 832 Kbytes Reserved area Internal ROM FFFFFh Internal RAM Capacity Address XXXXXh 16 Kbytes 20 Kbytes 31 Kbytes 043FFh 053FFh 07FFFh Internal ROM Capacity Address YYYYYh 192 Kbytes 256 Kbytes 384 Kbytes 512 Kbytes D0000h C0000h A0000h 80000h NOTE: 1. Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. _____ Figure 6.5 Memory Map and CS Area in Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (2) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 43 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 6. Processor Mode When PM13 = 0 and PM10 = 1 Memory expansion mode Microprocessor mode 00000h SFR SFR 00400h Internal RAM Internal RAM Reserved area Reserved area 08000h Reserved area (2) 10000h Reserved area (2) 27000h Reserved area 28000h Reserved area XXXXXh 04000h 30000h CS3 (16 Kbytes) CS2 (92 Kbytes) CS1 (32 Kbytes) External area External area 80000h YYYYYh CS0 Memory expansion mode: 320 Kbytes Microprocessor mode: 832 Kbytes Reserved area Internal ROM FFFFFh Internal RAM Capacity Address XXXXXh (1) 16 Kbytes 20 Kbytes 31 Kbytes 03FFFh 03FFFh 03FFFh Internal ROM Capacity Address YYYYYh (1) 192 Kbytes 256 Kbytes 384 Kbytes 512 Kbytes D0000h D0000h D0000h D0000h NOTES: 1. If the PM13 bit in the PM1 register is set to 0, 15 Kbytes of the internal RAM and 192 Kbytes of the internal ROM can be used. 2. For the flash memory version, when the PM10 bit is set to 1, 0F000h to 0FFFFh (block A) can be used as internal ROM area. 3. Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. _____ Figure 6.6 Memory Map and CS Area in Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (3) When PM13 = 1 and PM10 = 1 Memory expansion mode Microprocessor mode 00000h SFR SFR Internal RAM Internal RAM Reserved area (1) Reserved area (1) Reserved area Reserved area 00400h XXXXXh 10000h 27000h CS2 (92 Kbytes) 28000h CS1 (32 Kbytes) 30000h External area External area CS0 80000h YYYYYh Memory expansion mode: 320 Kbytes Microprocessor mode: 832 Kbytes Reserved area Internal ROM FFFFFh Internal RAM Capacity Address XXXXXh 16 Kbytes 20 Kbytes 31 Kbytes 043FFh 053FFh 07FFFh Internal ROM Capacity Address YYYYYh 192 Kbytes 256 Kbytes 384 Kbytes 512 Kbytes D0000h C0000h A0000h 80000h NOTES: 1. For the flash memory version, when the PM10 bit is set to 1, 0F000h to 0FFFFh (block A) can be used as internal ROM area. 2. Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. _____ Figure 6.7 Memory Map and CS Area in Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (4) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 44 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 7. Bus 7. Bus Note 7. Bus explains as an example of a Normal-ver.. Not available the bus control pins in T/V-ver.. During memory expansion or microprocessor mode, some pins serve as the bus control pins to perform data _______ _______ input/output to and from external devices. These bus control pins include A0 to A19, D0 to D15, CS0 to CS3, _____ ________ ______ ________ ________ ________ __________ _________ RD, WRL/WR, WRH/BHE, ALE, RDY, HOLD, HLDA, and BCLK. 7.1 Bus Mode The bus mode, either multiplexed or separate, can be selected using bits PM05 to PM04 in the PM0 register. 7.1.1 Separate Bus In this bus mode, data and address are separate. 7.1.2 Multiplexed Bus In this bus mode, data and address are multiplexed. 7.1.2.1 When the input level on BYTE pin is high (8-bit data bus) D0 to D7 and A0 to A7 are multiplexed. 7.1.2.2 When the input level on BYTE pin is low (16-bit data bus) D0 to D7 and A1 to A8 are multiplexed. D8 to D15 are not multiplexed. Do not use D8 to D15. External devices connecting to a multiplexed bus are allocated to only the even addresses of the microcomputer. Odd addresses cannot be accessed. Table 7.1 shows the Difference between Separate Bus and Multiplexed Bus. Table 7.1 Difference between Separate Bus and Multiplexed Bus Pin Name (1) Separate Bus Multiplexed Bus BYTE = H BYTE = L P0_0 to P0_7/D0 to D7 D0 to D7 (NOTE 2) (NOTE 2) P1_0 to P1_7/D8 to D15 D8 to D15 I/O Port P1_0 to P1_7 (NOTE 2) P2_0/A0(/D0/-) A0 P2_1 to P2_7/A1 to A7 (/D1 to D7/D0 to D6) P3_0/A8(/-/D7) A0 D0 A1 to A7 A1 to A7 D1 to D7 A8 A8 A0 A1 to A7 D0 to D6 A8 D7 NOTES : 1. See Table 7.6 Pin Functions for Each Processor Mode for bus control signals other than the above. 2. It changes with a setup of bits PM05 to PM04 in the PM0 register, and area to access. See Table 7.6 Pin Functions for Each Processor Mode for details. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 45 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 7. Bus 7.2 Bus Control The following describes the signals needed for accessing external devices and the functionality of software wait. Table 7.2 Bits PM06 and PM11 Set Value and Address Bus Width 7.2.1 Address Bus The address bus consists of 20 lines, A0 to A19. The address bus width can be chosen to be 12, 16 or 20 bits by using the PM06 bit in the PM0 register and the PM11 bit in the PM1 register. Table 7.2 shows Bits PM06 and PM11 Set Values and Address Bus Widths. When processor mode is changed from single-chip mode to memory expansion mode, the address bus is undefined until any external area is accessed. Set Value (1) Pin Function Address Bus Width PM11 = 1 PM06 = 1 P3_4 to P3_7 12 bits P4_0 to P4_3 PM11 = 0 PM06 = 1 A12 to A15 16 bits P4_0 to P4_3 PM11 = 0 A12 to A15 20 bits PM06 = 0 A16 to A19 NOTE: 1. No values other than those shown above can be set. 7.2.2 Data Bus When input on the BYTE pin is high (data bus is an 8-bit width), 8 lines D0 to D7 comprise the data bus; when input on the BYTE pin is low (data bus is a 16-bit width), 16 lines D0 to D15 comprise the data bus. Do not change the input level on the BYTE pin while in operation. 7.2.3 Chip Select Signal _____ ______ The chip select (hereafter referred to as the CS) signals are output from the CSi (i = 0 to 3) pins. These _____ pins can be chosen to function as I/O ports or as CS by using the CSi bit in the CSR register. Figure 7.1 shows the CSR Register. ______ During 1 ______ Mbyte mode, the external area can be separated into up to 4 by the CSi signal which is output from the CSi pin. ______ Figure 7.2 shows the Example of Address Bus and CSi Signal Output. Chip Select Control Register (4) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol CSR Bit Symbol Address 0008h Bit Name CS0 CS0 output enable bit CS1 CS1 output enable bit CS2 CS3 CS2 output enable bit CS3 output enable bit CS0W CS0 wait bit CS1W CS1 wait bit CS2 wait bit CS2W After Reset 00000001b Function 0 : Chip select output disabled (functions as I/O port) 1 : Chip select output enabled RW RW RW RW RW 0 : With wait state 1 : Without wait state (1) (2) (3) RW RW RW RW CS3W CS3 wait bit NOTES: 1. Where the RDY signal is used in the area indicated by CSi (i = 0 to 3) or the multiplexed bus is used, set the CSiW bit to 0 (wait state). 2. If the PM17 bit in the PM1 register is set to 1 (with wait state), set the CSiW bit to 0 (with wait state). 3. When the CSiW bit = 0 (with wait state), the number of wait states (in terms of clock cycles) can be selected using bits SEi1W to CSEi0W in the CSE register. 4. Not available this register in T/V-ver.. Figure 7.1 CSR Register Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 46 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 7. Bus Example 1 Example 2 To access the external area indicated by CSj in the next cycle after accessing the external area indicated by CSi. To access the internal ROM or internal RAM in the next cycle after accessing the external area indicated by CSi. The address bus and the chip select signal both change state between these two cycles. The chip s elect s ignal c hanges state but the address bus does not change state. Access to the external area indicated by CSi Access to the external area indicated by CSi Access to the external area indicated by CSj BCLK BCLK Read signal Read signal Data bus Address bus Data Data bus Data Address Address Address bus Access to the internal ROM or internal RAM Data Address CSi CSi CSj Example 3 Example 4 To a ccess the external area indicated by CSi in the next cycle after accessing the external area indicated by the same CSi. Not to access any area (nor instruction prefetch generated) in the next cycle after accessing the external area indicated by CSi. The address bus changes state but t he c hip select signal does not change state. Neither the address bus nor the chip select signal changes state between these two cycles. Access to the external area indicated by CSi Access to the external area indicated by CSi Access to the same external area BCLK BCLK Read signal Read signal Data bus Address bus Data Data bus Data Address Address Address bus CSi No access Data Address CSi NOTE: 1. These examples show the address bus and chip select signal when accessing areas in two successive cycles. The chip select bus cycle may be extended more than two cycles depending on a combination of these examples. Shown above is the case where separate bus is selected and the area is accessed for read without wait states. i = 0 to 3, j = 0 to 3 (not including i, however) ______ Figure 7.2 Example of Address Bus and CSi Signal Output Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 47 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 7. Bus 7.2.4 Read and Write Signals _____ When the________ data bus is 16-bit width, _____ the read and write signals can be chosen to be a combination of RD, ______ ________ ________ WR, and BHE or a combination of RD, WRL, and_____ WRH by using the PM02 bit in the PM0 register. When ______ ________ the data bus is 8-bit width, use a combination of RD, WR, and BHE. _____ ________ _________ _____ Table 7.3 shows the Operation of RD, WRL, and WRH Signals. Table 7.4 shows the Operation of RD, ______ ________ WR, and BHE Signals. _____ ________ _________ Table 7.3 Operation _____ of RD, WRL, ________ and WRH Signals _________ Data Bus Width RD WRL WRH 16 bits L H H (BYTE pin H L H input = L) H H L H L L _____ ______ Status of External Data Bus Read data Write 1 byte of data to an even address Write 1 byte of data to an odd address Write data to both even and odd addresses ________ Table 7.4 Operation of RD, WR, and BHE Signals _____ ______ ________ Data Bus Width RD WR BHE A0 H H L L 16 bits H L H L (BYTE pin L H L H input = L) L L H H L H L L L L H L 8 bits H to L H L Not used (BYTE pin input = H) L H Not used H to L Status of External Data Bus Write 1 byte of data to an odd address Read 1 byte of data from an odd address Write 1 byte of data to an even address Read 1 byte of data from an even address Write data to both even and odd addresses Read data from both even and odd addresses Write 1 byte of data Read 1 byte of data 7.2.5 ALE Signal The ALE signal latches the address when accessing the multiplexed bus space. Latch the address when the ALE signal falls. Figure 7.3 shows the ALE Signal, Address Bus and Data Bus. When BYTE pin input = H When BYTE pin input = L ALE A0/D0 to A7/D7 A8 to A19 ALE Address Address (1) Data Address A0 A1/D0 to A8/D7 Address A9 to A19 NOTE: 1. If the entire CS space is assigned a multiplexed bus, these pins function as I/O ports. Figure 7.3 ALE Signal, Address Bus, and Data Bus Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 48 of 378 Data Address M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 7. Bus ________ 7.2.6 RDY Signal This________ signal is provided for accessing external devices which need to be accessed at low speed. If input on the RDY pin is asserted low at the last falling edge of BCLK of the bus cycle, one wait state is inserted in ________ the bus cycle. While in a wait state, the following signals retain the state in which they were when the RDY signal was acknowledged. _______ _______ _____ ________ ________ ______ ________ __________ A0 to A19, D0 to D15, CS0 to CS3, RD, WRL, WRH, WR, BHE, ALE, HLDA ________ Then, when the input on the RDY pin is detected high at the falling edge of BCLK, the remaining bus cycle ________ is executed. Figure________ 7.4 shows an Example in which Wait State was Inserted into Read Cycle by RDY Signal. To use the RDY signal, set the corresponding________ bit (bits CS3W to CS0W) in the CSR register to 0 ________ (with wait state). When not using the RDY signal, the RDY pin must be pulled-up. In an instance of separate bus BCLK RD CSi (i=0 to 3) RDY tsu(RDY - BCLK) Accept timing of RDY signal In an instance of multiplexed bus BCLK RD CSi (i=0 to 3) RDY tsu(RDY - BCLK) : Wait using RDY signal Accept timing of RDY signal : Wait using software tsu(RDY-BCLK): RDY input setup time Shown above is the case where bits CSEi1W to CSEi0W (i = 0 to 3) in the CSE register are 00b (one wait state). ________ Figure 7.4 Example in which Wait State was Inserted into Read Cycle by RDY Signal Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 49 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 7. Bus __________ 7.2.7 HOLD Signal This signal is used to transfer control of the bus from the CPU or DMAC to an external circuit. When the __________ input on HOLD pin is pulled low, the MCU is placed__________ in a hold state after the bus access then in__________ process finishes. The MCU remains in a hold state while the HOLD pin is held low, during which time the HLDA pin outputs a low-level signal. Table 7.5 shows the MCU Status in Hold State. __________ Bus-using priorities are given to HOLD, DMAC, and CPU in order of decreasing precedence (see Figure 7.5 Bus-using Priorities). However, if the CPU is accessing an odd address in word units, the DMAC cannot gain control of the bus during two separate accesses. __________ HOLD > DMAC > CPU Figure 7.5 Bus-using Priorities Table 7.5 MCU Status in Hold State Item BCLK _______ _______ ______ _________ _________ A0 to A19, D0 to D15, CS0 to CS3, RD, WRL, WRH, ______ ________ WR, BHE I/O ports P0, P1, P3, P4 (1) P6 to P14 (3) __________ HLDA Internal peripheral circuits ALE signal Status Output High-impedance High-impedance Maintains status when hold signal is received Output "L" ON (but watchdog timer stops (2)) Undefined NOTES: 1. When I/O port function is selected. 2. The watchdog timer does not stop when the PM22 bit in the PM2 register is set to 1 (the count source for the watchdog timer is the on-chip oscillator clock). 3. Ports P11 to P14 are only in the 128-pin veresion. 7.2.8 BCLK Output If the PM07 bit in the PM0 register is set to 0 (output enable), a clock with the same frequency as that of the CPU clock is output as BCLK from the BCLK pin. Refer to 8.2 CPU Clock and Peripheral Function Clock. Table 7.6 shows the Pin Functions for Each Processor Mode. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 50 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 7. Bus Table 7.6 Pin Functions for Each Processor Mode Processor Mode Memory Expansion Mode or Microprocessor Mode Memory Expansion Mode _______ Bits PM05 to PM04 00b (separate bus) Data bus width 8 bits BYTE pin P0_0 to P0_7 P1_0 to P1_7 P2_0 P2_1 to P2_7 "H" D0 to D7 I/O ports A0 A1 to A7 01b (CS2 is for multiplexed bus and 11b others _______ are for separate bus) (multiplexed bus for 10b (CS1 is for multiplexed bus and the entire space) (1) others are for separate bus) 16 bits "L" D8 to D15 8 bits "H" D0 to D7 I/O ports A0/D0 (2) A1 to A7 /D1 to D7 P3_0 A8 P3_1 to P3_3 A9 to A11 P3_4 PM11 = 0 A12 to A15 to P3_7 P4_0 to P4_3 PM11 = 1 I/O ports PM06 = 0 A16 to A19 PM06 = 1 I/O ports P4_4 CS0 = 0 CS0 = 1 I/O ports _______ CS0 P4_5 P4_6 CS1 = 0 CS1 = 1 CS2 = 0 I/O ports _______ CS1 I/O ports _______ P4_7 CS2 = 1 CS3 = 0 CS2 I/O ports _______ P5_0 P5_1 P5_2 P5_3 P5_4 P5_5 P5_6 CS3 = 1 CS3 _______ PM02 = 0 WR (3) PM02 = 1 ________ PM02 = 0 BHE (3) PM02 = 1 _____ RD BCLK __________ HLDA __________ HOLD ALE ________ 16 bits 8 bits "L" "H" I/O ports I/O ports A0/D0 A1 to A7/D1 to D7 (4) (2) D8 to D15 A0 A1 to A7 (4) /D0 to D6 A8/D7 (2) (2) A8 I/O ports I/O ports I/O ports ________ WRL ________ - (3) - (3) _________ WRH WRL - (3) - (3) _________ WRH P5_7 RDY I/O ports: Function as I/O ports or peripheral function I/O pins. NOTES: 1. For setting bits PM01 to PM00 to 01b_____ (memory expansion mode) and bits PM05 to PM04 to 11b (multiplexed bus assigned to the entire CS space), apply "H" to the BYTE pin (external data bus is an 8-bit width). While the CNVSS pin is held "H" (VCC), do not rewrite bits PM05 to PM04 to 11b after reset. If bits PM05 to PM04 are set to 11b during memory expansion _____ mode, P3_1 to P3_7 and P4_0 to P4_3 become I/O ports, in which case the accessible area for each CS is 256 bytes. 2. In separate bus mode, these pins serve as the address bus. _____ ________ ______ 3. If the data bus is 8-bit width, make sure the PM02 bit is set to 0 (RD, BHE, WR). 4. When accessing the area that uses a multiplexed bus, these pins output an undefined value during a write. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 51 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 7. Bus 7.2.9 External Bus Status when Internal Area Accessed Table 7.7 shows the External Bus Status When Internal Area Accessed. Table 7.7 External Bus Status When Internal Area Accessed Item SFR Accessed Internal ROM, Internal RAM Accessed A0 to A19 D0 to D15 When read High-impedance Maintain status before accessed address of external area or SFR High-impedance When write Output data _____ ______ ________ _________ _____ ______ _________ __________ RD, WR, WRL, WRH RD, WR, WRL, WRH output ________ ________ BHE BHE output Undefined Output "H" Maintain status before accessed status of _______ Address output external area or SFR Output "H" Output "L" _______ CS0 to CS3 ALE Output "H" Output "L" 7.2.10 Software Wait Software wait states can be inserted by using the PM17 bit in the PM1 register, bits CS0W to CS3W in the CSR register, and the CSE register. The SFR area is unaffected by these control bits. This area is always accessed in 2 BCLK or 3 BCLK cycles as determined by the PM20 bit in the PM2 register. See Table 7.8 Bit and Bus Cycle Related to Software Wait for details. ________ To use the RDY signal, set the corresponding bit of bits CS3W to CS0W to 0 (with wait state). Figure 7.6 shows the CSE Register. Table 7.8 shows the Software Wait Related Bits and Bus Cycles. Figures 7.7 and 7.8 show the Typical Bus Timings Using Software Wait. Chip Select Expansion Control Register (2) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol CSE Bit Symbol Address 001Bh After Reset 00h Bit Name Function RW b1 b0 CSE00W CS0 wait expansion bit (1) CSE01W 0 0 : 1 wait 0 1 : 2 waits 1 0 : 3 waits 1 1 : Do not set a value RW RW b3 b2 CSE10W CS1 wait expansion bit (1) CSE11W 0 0 : 1 wait 0 1 : 2 waits 1 0 : 3 waits 1 1 : Do not set a value RW RW b5 b4 CS20WE CS2 wait expansion bit (1) CSE21W 0 0 : 1 wait 0 1 : 2 waits 1 0 : 3 waits 1 1 : Do not set a value RW RW b7 b6 CSE30W CS3 wait expansion bit (1) CSE31W 0 0 : 1 wait 0 1 : 2 waits 1 0 : 3 waits 1 1 : Do not set a value RW RW NOTES: 1. Set the CSiW bit (i = 0 to 3) in the CSR register to 0 (with wait state) before writing to bits CSEi1W to CSEi0W. If the CSiW bit needs to be set to 1 (without wait state), set bits CSEi1W to CSEi0W to 00b before setting it. 2. Not available this register in T/V-ver.. Figure 7.6 CSE Register Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 52 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 7. Bus Table 7.8 Software Wait Related Bits and Bus Cycles CSR Register CSE Register Area Bus Mode PM2 Register PM1 Register (5) PM20 Bit PM17 Bit CS3W CS2W CS1W CS0W Bit Bit Bit Bit (1) (1) (1) (1) Bits CS31W to CS30W Bits CS21W to CS20W Software Bits CS11W to CS10W Wait Bits CS01W to CS00W Bus Cycle SFR - 0 - - - 1 - - 0 - Internal - - - ROM, RAM - - 1 - 0 1 00b - - 0 00b 1 wait - 0 01b - - 0 10b 2 waits 3 BCLK cycles 3 waits 4 BCLK cycles - 1 2 BCLK cycles - 00b 00b 1 wait - 0 0 1 wait 3 BCLK cycles - 0 01b 2 waits 3 BCLK cycles - - 0 10b 3 waits 4 BCLK cycles - 1 0 00b 1 wait External Separate area bus Multiplexed bus (2) - 3 BCLK cycles (4) 2 BCLK cycles (4) No wait 1 BCLK cycle (3) 1 wait 2 BCLK cycles No wait 1 BCLK cycle (read) 2 BCLK cycles (write) 2 BCLK cycles (3) 3 BCLK cycles NOTES: ________ 1. To use the RDY signal, set this bit to 0. 2. To access in multiplexed bus mode, set the corresponding bit of bits CS0W to CS3W to 0 (with wait state). 3. After reset, the PM17 bit is set to 0 (without wait state), all of _______ bits CS0W to CS3W are set to 0 (with wait _______ state), and the CSE register is set to 00h (one wait state for CS0 to CS3). Therefore, the internal RAM and internal ROM are accessed with no wait state, and all external areas are accessed with one wait state. 4. When the selected CPU clock source is the PLL clock, the number of wait cycles can be altered by the PM20 bit in the PM2 register. When using PLL clock over 16 MHz, be sure to set the PM20 bit to 0 (2 wait cycles). 5. When the PM17 bit is set to 1 and access an external area, set the CSiW bits (i = 0 to 3) to 0 (with wait state). Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 53 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 7. Bus (1) Separate bus, No wait setting Bus cycle (1) Bus cycle (1) BCLK Write signal Read signal Data bus Address bus Output Address Input Address CS (2) Separate bus, 1-wait setting Bus cycle (1) Bus cycle (1) BCLK Write signal Read signal Data bus Address bus Output Input Address Address CS (3) Separate bus, 2-wait setting Bus cycle (1) Bus cycle (1) BCLK Write signal Read signal Data bus Address bus Output Address Input Address CS NOTE: 1. These example timing charts indicate bus cycle length. After this bus cycle sometimes come read and write cycles in succession. Figure 7.7 Typical Bus Timings Using Software Wait (1) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 54 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 7. Bus (1) Separate bus, 3-wait setting Bus cycle (1) Bus cycle (1) BCLK Write signal Read signal Data bus Input Output Address Address bus Address CS (2)Multiplexed bus, 1- or 2-wait setting Bus cycle (1) Bus cycle (1) BCLK Write signal Read signal ALE Address bus/ Data bus Address Address Address bus Address Data output Address Input CS (3)Multiplexed bus, 3-wait setting Bus cycle (1) Bus cycle (1) BCLK Write signal Read signal ALE Address bus Address bus/ Data bus Address Address Address Data output Address Input CS NOTE: 1. These example timing charts indicate bus cycle length. After this bus cycle sometimes come read and write cycles in succession. Figure 7.8 Typical Bus Timings Using Software Wait (2) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 55 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit 8. Clock Generation Circuit 8.1 Types of Clock Generation Circuit Four circuits are incorporated to generate the system clock signal: * Main clock oscillation circuit * Sub clock oscillation circuit * On-chip oscillator * PLL frequency synthesizer Table 8.1 lists the Clock Generation Circuit Specifications. Figure 8.1 shows the Clock Generation Circuit. Figures 8.2 to 8.8 show the clock-related registers. Table 8.1 Clock Generation Circuit Specifications Main Clock Oscillation Circuit * CPU clock source Sub Clock Oscillation Circuit * CPU clock source frequency * CPU clock source * Peripheral function * Peripheral function * Peripheral function * Clock source of timer clock source A, B clock source * CPU and peripheral clock source function clock sources when the main clock stops oscillating 32.768 kHz 16 MHz, 20 MHz, 0 to 16 MHz About 1 MHz 24 MHz (1) Usable *Ceramic oscillator *Crystal oscillator - - XCIN, XCOUT - - Oscillation stop Available and re-oscillation detection function Available Available Available Oscillation status Oscillating after reset Stopped Stopped Stopped - - Item Use of clock Clock oscillator *Crystal oscillator Pins to connect XIN, XOUT On-chip Oscillator PLL Frequency Synthesizer * CPU clock source oscillator Other Externally derived clock can be input NOTE: 1. 24 MHz is available Normal-ver. only. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 56 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit Sub clock oscillation circuit XCIN I/O ports XCOUT CM04 CM01-CM00=00b PM01-PM00=00b, CM01-CM00=01b PM01-PM00=00b, CM01-CM00=10b fC32 1/32 Sub clock CLKOUT PM01-PM00=00b, CM01-CM00=11b fC fCAN0 Divider By CCLK0,1 and 2 fCAN1 Divider By CCLK4,5 and 6 f1 PCLK0=1 f2 PCLK0=0 f8 f32 On-chip oscillator CM21 On-chip oscillator clock PCLK0=1 fAD PCLK0=0 f1SIO Oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection circuit CM10=1 (stop mode) f2SIO PCLK1=1 PCLK1=0 f8SIO f32SIO S Q XIN XOUT PLL frequency synthesizer R Main clock CM05 PLL clock b a CM21=1 c d CPU clock fC CM21=0 Main clock oscillation circuit CM07=0 e Divider 1 0 BCLK CM07=1 CM11 CM02 S Q WAIT instruction R c b 1/2 a RESET Software reset 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/4 d 1/2 1/8 1/2 NMI CM06=0 CM06=1 CM06=0 CM17-CM16=10b CM06=0 CM17-CM16=01b CM17-CM16=00b Interrupt request level judgment output PM00, PM01 CM00, CM01, CM02, CM04, CM05, CM06, CM07 CM10, CM11, CM16, CM17 PCLK0, PCLK1 CM21, CM27 CCLK0 to CCLK2, CCLK4 to CCLK6 : Bits in PM0 register : Bits in CM0 register : Bits in CM1 register : Bits in PCLKR register : Bits in CM2 register : Bits in CCLKR register 1/32 1/16 CM06=0 CM17-CM16=11b e Details of divider Oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection circuit Main clock Pulse generating circuit for clock edge detection and charge, discharge control Charge, discharge circuit CM27 = 0 Reset generating circuit Oscillation stop detection reset Oscillation stop, CM27 = 1 re-oscillation detection interrupt generating circuit Oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection interrupt signal CM21 switch signal PLL frequency synthesizer Programmable counter Main clock Phase comparator Charge pump Voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) Internal lowpass filter Figure 8.1 Clock Generation Circuit Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 57 of 378 1/2 PLL clock M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit System Clock Control Register 0 (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol Address After Reset CM0 0006h 01001000b Bit Symbol Bit Name Function RW b1 b0 Clock output function select bits (Valid only in single-chip mode) 0 0 : I/O port P5_7 0 1 : Output fC 1 0 : Output f8 1 1 : Output f32 CM02 WAIT mode peripheral function clock stop bit 0 : Peripheral function clock does not stop in wait mode 1 : Peripheral function clock stops in wait mode (2) RW CM03 XCIN-XCOUT drive capacity select bit (3) 0 : LOW 1 : HIGH RW CM04 Port XC select bit (3) 0 : I/O port P8_6, P8_7 1 : XCIN-XCOUT oscillation function (4) RW CM05 0 : On Main clock stop bit (5) (6) (7) 1 : Off (8) (9) RW CM06 Main clock division select bit 0 (7) (10) (12) 0 : Bits CM16 and CM17 enabled 1 : Divide-by-8 mode RW CM07 System clock select bit (6) (11) 0 : Main clock, PLL clock, or on-chip oscillator clock 1 : Sub clock RW CM00 CM01 RW RW NOTES: 1. Rewrite this register after setting the PRC0 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (write enabled). 2. The fC32 clock does not stop. In low-speed or low power dissipation mode, do not set this bit to 1 (peripheral clock stops in wait mode). 3. The CM03 bit is set to 1 (high) while the CM04 bit is set to 0 (I/O port) or when entering stop mode. 4. To use a sub clock, set this bit to 1. Also make sure ports P8_6 and P8_7 are directed for input, with no pull-ups. 5. This bit is provided to stop the main clock when the low power dissipation mode or on-chip oscillator low power dissipation mode is selected. This bit cannot be used for detection as to whether the main clock stops or not. To stop the main clock, set bits as follows: (a) Set the CM07 bit to 1 (sub clock selected) or the CM21 bit in the CM2 register to 1 (on-chip oscillator selected) with the sub clock stably oscillating. (b) Set the CM20 bit in the CM2 register to 0 (oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection function disabled). (c) Set the CM05 bit to 1 (stop). 6. To use the main clock as the clock source for the CPU clock, set bits as follows: (a) Set the CM05 bit to 0 (oscillate). (b) Wait until the main clock oscillation stabilizes. (c) Set bits CM11, CM21, and CM07 to 0. 7. When the CM21 bit = 0 (on-chip oscillator stops) and the CM05 bit = 1 (main clock stops), the CM06 bit is fixed to 1 (divide-by-8 mode) and the CM15 bit is fixed to 1 (drive capability high). 8. During external clock input, set the CM05 bit to 0 (oscillate). 9. When the CM05 bit is set to 1, the XOUT pin is held "H". Because the on-chip feedback resistor remains connected, the XIN pin is pulled "H" to the same level as XOUT via the feedback resistor. 10. When entering stop mode from high-speed or medium-speed mode, on-chip oscillator mode or on-chip oscillator low power dissipation mode, the CM06 bit is set to 1 (divide-by-8 mode). 11. After setting the CM04 bit to 1 (XCIN-XCOUT oscillator function), wait until the sub clock oscillates stably before switching the CM07 bit from 0 to 1 (sub clock). 12. To return from on-chip oscillator mode to high-speed or medium-speed mode, set bits CM06 and CM15 to 1. Figure 8.2 CM0 Register Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 58 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit System Clock Control Register 1 (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 0 0 0 Symbol Address After Reset CM1 0007h 00100000b Bit Symbol Bit Name Function RW CM10 All clock stop control bit (2) (3) 0 : Clock on 1 : All clocks off (stop mode) RW CM11 System clock select bit 1 (4) 0 : Main clock 1 : PLL clock (5) RW (b4-b2) Reserved bits Set to 0 RW CM15 XIN-XOUT drive capacity select bit (6) 0 : LOW 1 : HIGH RW - b7 b6 CM16 CM17 Main clock division select bits 1 (7) 0 0 : No division mode 0 1 : Divide-by-2 mode 1 0 : Divide-by-4 mode 1 1 : Divide-by-16 mode RW RW NOTES: 1. Rewrite this register after setting the PRC0 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (write enabled) 2. If the CM10 bit is 1 (stop mode), XOUT is held "H" and the on-chip feedback resistor is disconnected. Pins XCIN and XCOUT are in high-impedance state. When the CM11 bit is set to 1 (PLL clock), or the CM20 bit in the CM2 register is set to 1 (oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection function enabled), do not set the CM10 bit to 1. 3. When the PM22 bit in the PM2 register is set to 1 (on-chip oscillator clock is selected as watchdog timer count source), this bit remains unchanged even if writing to the CM10 bit. 4. This bit is valid when the CM07 bit is 0 and the CM21 bit is 0. 5. After setting the PLC07 bit in the PLC0 register to 1 (PLL operation), wait tsu(PLL) elapses before setting the CM11 bit to 1 (PLL clock). 6. When entering stop mode from high-speed or medium-speed mode, or when the CM05 bit is set to 1 (main clock stops) in low-speed mode, the CM15 bit is set to 1 (drive capability high). 7. This bit is valid when the CM06 bit is 0 (bits CM16 and CM17 enabled). Figure 8.3 CM1 Register Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 59 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit Oscillation Stop Detection Register (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 0 0 b0 Symbol Address After Reset CM2 000Ch 0X000000b (2) Bit Symbol Bit Name Function RW CM20 Oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection enable bit (2) (3) (4) 0 : Oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection function disabled 1 : Oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection function enabled RW CM21 System clock select bit 2 (2) (5) (6) (7) (8) (11) 0 : Main clock or PLL clock 1 : On-chip oscillator clock (On-chip oscillator oscillates) RW CM22 Oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection flag (9) CM23 XIN monitor flag (10) 0 : Main clock stop, re-oscillation not detected 1 : Main clock stop, re-oscillation detected 0 : Main clock oscillates 1 : Main clock stops Reserved bits Set to 0 - (b5-b4) (b6) CM27 Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. 0 : Oscillation stop detection reset Operation select bit 1 : Oscillation stop, re-oscillation (when an oscillation stop, detection interrupt re-oscillation is detected) (2) RW RO RW - RW NOTES: 1. Rewrite this register after setting the PRC0 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (write enabled). 2. Bits CM20, CM21, and CM27 remain unchanged at oscillation stop detection reset. 3. Set the CM20 bit to 0 (disabled) before entering stop mode. Exit stop mode before setting the CM20 bit back to 1 (enabled). 4. Set the CM20 bit to 0 (disabled) before setting the CM05 bit in the CM0 register to 1 (main clock stops). 5. When the CM20 bit is set to 1 (oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection function enabled), the CM27 bit is set to 1 (oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection interrupt), and the CPU clock source is the main clock, the CM21 bit is set to 1 (on-chip oscillator clock) if the main clock stop is detected. 6. If the CM20 bit is set to 1 and the CM23 bit is set to 1 (main clock stops), do not set the CM21 bit to 0. 7. This bit is valid when the CM07 bit in the CM0 register is set to 0. 8. Where the CM20 bit is set to 1 (oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection function enabled), the CM27 bit is set to 1 (oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection interrupt), and the CM11 bit is set to 1 (PLL clock is selected as the CPU clock source), the CM21 bit remains unchanged even if a main clock stop is detected. When the CM22 bit is set to 0 under these conditions, an oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection interrupt request is generated at main clock stop detection. Set the CM21 bit to 1 (on-chip oscillator clock) in the interrupt routine. 9. This bit is set to 1 when the main clock is detected and the main clock re-oscillation is detected. When this bit changes state from 0 to 1, an oscillation stop and re-oscillation detection interrupt request is generated. Use this bit in an interrupt routine to discriminate the interrupt sources between the oscillation stop and re-oscillation detection interrupt and the watchdog timer interrupt. This bit is set to 0 by writing 0 in a program. (This bit remains unchanged even if writing 1. Nor is it set to 0 when an oscillation stop and re-oscillation detection interrupt request is acknowledged.) If an oscillation stop or a re-oscillation is detected when the CM22 bit = 1, no oscillation stop and re-oscillation detection interrupt requests are generated. 10. Determine the main clock status by reading the CM23 bit several times in an oscillation stop or re-oscillation detection interrupt routine. 11. When the CM21 bit is set to 0 (on-chip oscillator stops) and the CM05 bit is set to 1 (main clock stops), the CM06 bit is fixed to 1 (divide-by-8 mode) and the CM15 bit is fixed to 1 (drive capability high). Figure 8.4 CM2 Register Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 60 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit Peripheral Clock Select Register (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 0 0 0 Symbol PCLKR Bit Symbol Address 025Eh After Reset 00h Bit Name Function RW PCLK0 Timers A, B, and A/D clock 0 : Divide-by-2 of fAD, f2 select bit 1 : fAD, f1 (Clock source for the timers A, B, the dead time timer and A/D) RW PCLK1 0 : f2SIO SI/O clock select bit (Clock source for UART0 to UART2, 1 : f1SIO SI/O3 to SI/O6) (5) RW (b4-b2) Reserved bits Set to 0 RW PCLK5 Pin function switch bit 0: Normal mode 1: Switching mode (4) RW PCLK6 Software interrupt number/SFR location switch bit 0: Normal mode 1: Switching mode (2) RW PCLK7 A/D clock direct input bit 0: Normal mode 1: Switching mode (3) RW NOTES: 1. Rewrite this register after setting the PRC0 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (write enabled) 2. If this bit is set to 1, the software interrupt number and SFR location can be changed as follows. (1) Software interrupt number of the key input interrupt in the vector table can be changed from 14 to 13. - No.13 is changed from the CAN0/1 error interrupt to the CAN0/1 error/key input interrupt. - No.14 is changed from the A/D/key input interrupt to the A/D interrupt. (2) Address of the KUPIC register in the SFR can be changed from 004Eh to 004Dh. - Address 004Dh is changed from the C01ERRIC register to the C01ERRIC/KUPIC register. - Address 004Eh is changed from the ADIC/KUPIC register to the ADIC register. 3. When this bit = 1, the A/D clock is set to divide-by-1 of fAD mode regardless of whether the PCLK0 bit is set. 4. When the PCLK5 bit and the SM43 bit in the S4C register = 1, the pin function of SI/O4 can be changed as follows. P8_0/TA4OUT/U/(SIN4) P7_5/TA2IN/W/(SOUT4) P7_4/TA2OUT/W/(CLK4) 5. SI/O5 and SI/O6 are only in the 128-pin version. Figure 8.5 PCLKR Register Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 61 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit CAN0/1 Clock Select Register (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol Address After Reset CCLKR 025Fh 00h Bit Symbol Bit Name Function RW b2 b1 b0 CCLK0 CCLK1 CAN0 clock select bits (2) CCLK2 CCLK3 0 0 0 No division 0 0 1 : Divide-by-2 0 1 0 : Divide-by-4 0 1 1 : Divide-by-8 1 0 0: Divide-by-16 101: 110: Do not set a value 111: CAN0 CPU interface sleep bit (3) 0: CAN0 CPU interface operating 1: CAN0 CPU interface in sleep CAN1 clock select bits (2) 0 0 0 No division 0 0 1 : Divide-by-2 0 1 0 : Divide-by-4 0 1 1 : Divide-by-8 1 0 0 : Divide-by-16 101: 110: Do not set a value 111: RW RW RW RW b6 b5 b4 CCLK4 CCLK5 CCLK6 CCLK7 CAN1 CPU interface sleep bit (3) 0: CAN1 CPU interface operating 1: CAN1 CPU interface in sleep RW RW RW RW NOTES: 1. Rewrite this register after setting the PRC0 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (write enabled). 2. Set only when the Reset bit in the CiCTLR register (i = 0, 1) = 1 (reset/Initialization mode). 3. Before setting this bit to 1, set the Sleep bit in the CiCTLR to 1 (sleep mode enabled). Figure 8.6 CCLKR Register Processor Mode Register 2 (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 0 0 b2 b1 Symbol PM2 b0 0 Bit Symbol PM20 (b1) PM22 (b4-b3) (b7-b5) Address 001Eh After Reset XXX00000b Bit Name Function RW Specifying wait when accessing SFR at PLL operation (2) 0 : 2 waits 1 : 1 wait RW Reserved bit Set to 0 RW WDT count source protective bit (3) (4) 0 : CPU clock is used for the watchdog timer count source 1 : On-chip oscillator clock is used for RW the watchdog timer count source Reserved bits Set to 0 Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. RW - NOTES: 1. Rewrite this register after setting the PRC1 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (write enable). 2. The PM20 bit become effective when the PLC07 bit in the PLC0 register is set to 1 (PLL on). Change the PM20 bit when the PLC07 bit is set to 0 (PLL off). Set the PM20 bit to 0 (2 waits) when PLL clock > 16MHz. 3. Once this bit is set to 1, it cannot be set to 0 in a program. 4. Setting the PM22 bit to 1 results in the following conditions: The on-chip oscillator starts oscillating, and the on-chip oscillator clock becomes the watchdog timer count source. The CM10 bit in the CM1 register is disabled against write. (Writing a 1 has no effect, nor is stop mode entered.) The watchdog timer does not stop when in wait mode or hold state. Figure 8.7 PM2 Register Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 62 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit PLL Control Register 0 (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol Address After Reset PLC0 001Ch 0001X010b Bit Symbol Bit Name 0 0 1 Function RW b2 b1 b0 PLC00 PLC01 PLL multiplying factor select bits (2) PLC02 (b3) - 0 0 0 : Do not set a value 0 0 1 : Multiply-by-2 0 1 0 : Multiply-by-4 0 1 1 : Multiply-by-6 (4) 100: 101: Do not set a value 110: 111: Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. RW RW RW - Reserved bit Set to 1 RW (b6-b5) Reserved bits Set to 0 RW PLC07 Operation enable bit (3) 0 : PLL Off 1 : PLL On RW (b4) - NOTES: 1. Rewrite this register after setting the PRC0 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (write enabled). 2. This bit can only be modified when the PLC07 bit = 0 (PLL turned off). The value once written to this bit cannot be modified. 3. Before setting this bit to 1, set the CM07 bit in the CM0 register to 0 (main clock), set bits CM17 to CM16 in the CM1 register to 00b (main clock undivided mode), and set the CM06 bit in the CM0 register to 0 (bits CM16 and CM17 enabled). 4. Multiply by 6 is available Normal-ver. only. Figure 8.8 PLC0 Register Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 63 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit The following describes the clocks generated by the clock generation circuit. 8.1.1 Main Clock The main clock is generated by the main clock oscillation circuit. This clock is used as the clock source for the CPU and peripheral function clocks. The main clock oscillation circuit is configured by connecting a resonator between pins XIN and XOUT. The main clock oscillation circuit has an on-chip feedback resistor, which is disconnected from the oscillation circuit during stop mode in order to reduce the amount of power consumed in the chip. The main clock oscillation circuit may also be configured by feeding an externally generated clock to the XIN pin. Figure 8.9 shows an Examples of Main Clock Connection Circuit. After reset, the main clock divided by 8 is selected for the CPU clock. The power consumption in the chip can be reduced by setting the CM05 bit in the CM0 register to 1 (main clock oscillation circuit turned off) after switching the clock source for the CPU clock to a sub clock or on-chip oscillator clock. In this case, XOUT goes "H". Furthermore, because an on-chip feedback resistor remains on, XIN is pulled "H" to XOUT via the feedback resistor. Note, that if an externally generated clock is fed into the XIN pin, the main clock cannot be turned off by setting the CM05 bit to 1, unless the sub clock is selected as a CPU clock. If necessary, use an external circuit to turn off the clock. During stop mode, all clocks including the main clock are turned off. Refer to 8.4 Power Control. MCU MCU (On-chip feedback resistor) (On-chip feedback resistor) CIN XIN External clock XIN Oscillator VCC VSS XOUT Rd (1) COUT VSS XOUT Open NOTE: 1.Place a damping resistor if required. The resistance will vary depending on the oscillator and the oscillation drive capacity setting. Use the value recommended by each oscillator the oscillator manufacturer. When the oscillation drive capacity is set to low, check that oscillation is stable. Also, place a feedback resistor between XIN and XOUT if the oscillator manufacturer recommends placing the resistor externally. Figure 8.9 Examples of Main Clock Connection Circuit Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 64 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit 8.1.2 Sub Clock The sub clock is generated by the sub clock oscillation circuit. This clock is used as the clock source for the CPU clock, as well as the timer A and timer B count sources. In addition, an fC clock with the same frequency as that of the sub clock can be output from the CLKOUT pin. The sub clock oscillation circuit is configured by connecting a crystal resonator between pins XCIN and XCOUT. The sub clock oscillation circuit has an on-chip feedback resistor, which is disconnected from the oscillation circuit during stop mode in order to reduce the amount of power consumed in the chip. The sub clock oscillation circuit may also be configured by feeding an externally generated clock to the XCIN pin. Figure 8.10 shows an Examples of Sub Clock Connection Circuit. After reset, the sub clock is turned off. At this time, the feedback resistor is disconnected from the oscillation circuit. To use the sub clock for the CPU clock, set the CM07 bit in the CM0 register to 1 (sub clock) after the sub clock becomes oscillating stably. During stop mode, all clocks including the sub clock are turned off. Refer to 8.4 Power Control. MCU MCU (On-chip feedback resistor) (On-chip feedback resistor) CCIN XCIN External clock XCIN Oscillator VCC VSS XCOUT RCd (1) CCOUT VSS XCOUT Open NOTE: 1.Place a damping resistor if required. The resistance will vary depending on the oscillator and the oscillation drive capacity setting. Use the value recommended by each oscillator the oscillator manufacturer. When the oscillation drive capacity is set to low, check that oscillation is stable. Also, place a feedback resistor between XCIN and XCOUT if the oscillator manufacturer recommends placing the resistor externally. Figure 8.10 Examples of Sub Clock Connection Circuit Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 65 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit 8.1.3 On-chip Oscillator Clock This clock, approximately 1 MHz, is supplied by a on-chip oscillator. This clock is used as the clock source for the CPU and peripheral function clocks. In addition, if the PM22 bit in the PM2 register is 1 (on-chip oscillator clock for the watchdog timer count source), this clock is used as the count source for the watchdog timer (refer to 11.1 Count Source Protective Mode). After reset, the on-chip oscillator is turned off. It is turned on by setting the CM21 bit in the CM2 register to 1 (on-chip oscillator clock), and is used as the clock source for the CPU and peripheral function clocks, in place of the main clock. If the main clock stops oscillating when the CM20 bit in the CM2 register is 1 (oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection function enabled) and the CM27 bit is 1 (oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection interrupt), the on-chip oscillator automatically starts operating, supplying the necessary clock for the MCU. 8.1.4 PLL Clock The PLL clock is generated PLL frequency synthesizer. This clock is used as the clock source for the CPU and peripheral function clocks. After reset, the PLL clock is turned off. The PLL frequency synthesizer is activated by setting the PLC07 bit to 1 (PLL operation). When the PLL clock is used as the clock source for the CPU clock, wait tsu(PLL) for the PLL clock to be stable, and then set the CM11 bit in the CM1 register to 1. Before entering wait mode or stop mode, be sure to set the CM11 bit to 0 (CPU clock source is the main clock). Furthermore, before entering stop mode, be sure to set the PLC07 bit in the PLC0 register to 0 (PLL stops). Figure 8.11 shows the Procedure to Use PLL Clock as CPU Clock Source. The PLL clock frequency is determined by the equation below. When the PLL clock frequency is 16 MHz or more, set the PM20 bit in the PM2 register to 0 (2 waits). PLL clock frequency = f(XIN) (multiplying factor set by bits PLC02 to PLC00 in the PLC0 register) (However, PLL clock frequency = 16 MHz, 20 MHz or 24 MHz (1) ) NOTE: 1. 24 MHz is available Normal-ver. only. Bits PLC02 to PLC00 can be set only once after reset. Table 8.2 shows an Example for Setting PLL Clock Frequencies. Table 8.2 Example for Setting PLL Clock Frequencies XIN Multiply PLL Clock PLC02 PLC01 PLC00 Factor (MHz) (MHz) (1) 8 0 0 1 2 16 4 0 1 0 4 10 0 0 1 2 20 5 0 1 0 4 12 0 0 1 2 24 (2) 6 0 1 0 4 (3) 4 0 1 1 6 NOTES: 1. PLL clock frequency = 16 MHz , 20 MHz or 24 MHz 2. 24 MHz is available Normal-ver. only. 3. Multiply by 6 is available Normal-ver. only. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 66 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit Using the PLL clock as the clock source for the CPU Set the CM07 bit to 0 (main clock), bits CM17 to CM16 to 00b (main clock undivided), and the CM06 bit to 0 (bits CM16 and CM17 enabled). (1) Set bits PLC02 to PLC00 (multiplying factor). (When PLL clock > 16 MHz) Set the PM20 bit to 0 (2-wait state). Set the PLC07 bit to 1 (PLL operation). Wait until the PLL clock becomes stable (tsu(PLL)). Set the CM11 bit to 1 (PLL clock for the CPU clock source). END NOTE: 1. PLL operating mode can be entered from high-speed mode. Figure 8.11 Procedure to Use PLL Clock as CPU Clock Source Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 67 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit 8.2 CPU Clock and Peripheral Function Clock Two type clocks: CPU clock to operate the CPU and peripheral function clocks to operate the peripheral functions. 8.2.1 CPU Clock and BCLK These are operating clocks for the CPU and watchdog timer. The clock source for the CPU clock can be chosen to be the main clock, sub clock, on-chip oscillator clock or the PLL clock. If the main clock or on-chip oscillator clock is selected as the clock source for the CPU clock, the selected clock source can be divided by 1 (undivided), 2, 4, 8, or 16 to produce the CPU clock. Use the CM06 bit in the CM0 register and bits CM17 to CM16 in the CM1 register to select the divide-by-n value. When the PLL clock is selected as the clock source for the CPU clock, the CM06 bit should be set to 0 and bits CM17 to CM16 to 00b (undivided). After reset, the main clock divided by 8 provides the CPU clock. During memory expansion or microprocessor mode (1), a BCLK signal with the same frequency as the CPU clock can be output from the BCLK pin by setting the PM07 bit of PM0 register to 0 (output enabled). Note that when entering stop mode from high-speed or medium-speed mode, on-chip oscillator mode or on-chip oscillator low power dissipation mode, or when the CM05 bit in the CM0 register is set to 1 (main clock turned off) in low-speed mode, the CM06 bit in the CM0 register is set to 1 (divide-by-8 mode). NOTE: 1. Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. 8.2.2 Peripheral Function Clock (f1, f2, f8, f32, f1SIO, f2SIO, f8SIO, f32SIO, fAD, fCAN0, fCAN1, fC32) These are operating clocks for the peripheral functions. Two of these, fi (i = 1, 2, 8, 32) and fiSIO are derived from the main clock, PLL clock or on-chip oscillator clock by dividing them by i. The clock fi is used for timers A and B, and fiSIO is used for serial interface. The f8 and f32 clocks can be output from the CLKOUT pin. The fAD clock is produced from the main clock, PLL clock or on-chip oscillator clock, and is used for the A/D converter. The fCANi (i =0, 1) clock is derived from the main clock, PLL clock or on-chip oscillator clock by dividing them by 1 (undivided), 2, 4, 8, or 16, and is used for the CAN module. When the WAIT instruction is executed after setting the CM02 bit in the CM0 register to 1 (peripheral function clock turned off during wait mode), or when the MCU is in low power dissipation mode, the fi, fiSIO, fAD, fCAN0, and fCAN1 clocks are turned off (1). The fC32 clock is produced from the sub clock, and is used for timers A and B. This clock can be used when the sub clock is on. NOTE: 1. fCAN0 and fCAN1 clocks stop at "H" in CAN0, 1 sleep mode. 8.3 Clock Output Function During single-chip mode, the f8, f32, or fC clock can be output from the CLKOUT pin. Use bits CM01 to CM00 in the CM0 register to select. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 68 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit 8.4 Power Control Normal operating mode, wait mode and stop mode are provided as the power consumption control. All mode states, except wait mode and stop mode, are called normal operating mode in this document. 8.4.1 Normal Operating Mode Normal operating mode is further classified into seven sub modes. In normal operating mode, because the CPU clock and the peripheral function clocks both are on, the CPU and the peripheral functions are operating. Power control is exercised by controlling the CPU clock frequency. The higher the CPU clock frequency, the greater the processing capability. The lower the CPU clock frequency, the smaller the power consumption in the chip. If the unnecessary oscillator circuits are turned off, the power consumption is further reduced. Before the clock sources for the CPU clock can be switched over, the new clock source to which switched must be oscillating stably. If the new clock source is the main clock, sub clock or PLL clock, allow a sufficient wait time in a program until it becomes oscillating stably. Note that operating modes cannot be changed directly from low speed or low power dissipation mode to on-chip oscillator or on-chip oscillator low power dissipation mode. Nor can operating modes be changed directly from on-chip oscillator or on-chip oscillator low power dissipation mode to low-speed or low power dissipation mode. Where the CPU clock source is changed from the on-chip oscillator to the main clock, change the operating mode to the medium-speed mode (divide-by-8 mode) after the clock was divided by 8 (the CM06 bit in the CM0 register was set to 1) in the on-chip oscillator mode. 8.4.1.1 High-Speed Mode The main clock divided by 1 provides the CPU clock. If the sub clock is on, fC32 can be used as the count source for timers A and B. 8.4.1.2 PLL Operating Mode The main clock multiplied by 2, 4, or 6 (1) provides the PLL clock, and this PLL clock serves as the CPU clock. If the sub clock is on, fC32 can be used as the count source for timers A and B. PLL operating mode can be entered from high speed mode. If PLL operating mode is to be changed to wait or stop mode, first go to high speed mode before changing. NOTE: 1. The main clock multiplied by 6 is available Normal-ver. only. 8.4.1.3 Medium-Speed Mode The main clock divided by 2, 4, 8, or 16 provides the CPU clock. If the sub clock is on, fC32 can be used as the count source for timers A and B. 8.4.1.4 Low-Speed Mode The sub clock provides the CPU clock. The main clock is used as the clock source for the peripheral function clock when the CM21 bit in the CM2 register is set to 0 (on-chip oscillator turned off), and the on-chip oscillator clock is used when the CM21 bit is set to 1 (on-chip oscillator oscillating). The fC32 clock can be used as the count source for timers A and B. 8.4.1.5 Low Power Dissipation Mode In this mode, the main clock is turned off after being placed in low speed mode. The sub clock provides the CPU clock. The fC32 clock can be used as the count source for timers A and B. Simultaneously when this mode is selected, the CM06 bit in the CM0 register becomes 1 (divide-by-8 mode). In the low power dissipation mode, do not change the CM06 bit. Consequently, the medium speed (divide-by-8) mode is to be selected when the main clock is operated next. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 69 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit 8.4.1.6 On-chip Oscillator Mode The on-chip oscillator clock divided by 1 (undivided), 2, 4, 8 or 16 provides the CPU clock. The on-chip oscillator clock is also the clock source for the peripheral function clocks. If the sub clock is on, fC32 can be used as the count source for timers A and B. When the operating mode is returned to the high-speed and medium-speed modes, set the CM06 bit in the CM0 register to 1 (divide-by-8 mode). 8.4.1.7 On-chip Oscillator Low Power Dissipation Mode The main clock is turned off after being placed in on-chip oscillator mode. The CPU clock can be selected as in on-chip oscillator mode. The on-chip oscillator clock is the clock source for the peripheral function clocks. If the sub clock is on, fC32 can be used as the count source for timers A and B. Table 8.3 lists the Setting Clock Related Bit and Modes. Table 8.3 Setting Clock Related Bit and Modes CM2 Register CM1 Register Modes CM21 CM11 CM17, CM16 PLL operating mode 0 1 00b High-speed mode 0 0 00b Medium- Divide-by-2 0 0 01b speed CM07 0 0 0 CM0 Register CM06 CM05 0 0 0 0 0 0 CM04 - Divide-by-4 0 0 10b 0 0 0 - mode Divide-by-8 Divide-by-16 Low-speed mode Low power dissipation mode 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11b - 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 (1) 0 0 0 1 (1) 1 1 On-chip No division 1 0 00b 0 0 0 - oscillator Divide-by-2 mode Divide-by-4 1 1 0 0 01b 10b 0 0 0 0 0 0 - Divide-by-8 1 0 - 0 1 0 - Divide-by-16 1 0 11b 0 0 0 On-chip oscillator 1 0 (NOTE 2) 0 (NOTE 2) 1 low power dissipation mode -: 0 or 1 NOTES: 1. When the CM05 bit is set to 1 (main clock turned off) in low-speed mode, the mode goes to low power dissipation mode and the CM06 bit is set to 1 (divide-by-8 mode) simultaneously. 2. The divide-by-n value can be selected the same way as in on-chip oscillator mode. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 70 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit 8.4.2 Wait Mode In wait mode, the CPU clock is turned off, so are the CPU (because operated by the CPU clock) and the watchdog timer. However, if the PM22 bit in the PM2 register is 1 (on-chip oscillator clock for the watchdog timer count source), the watchdog timer remains active. Because the main clock, sub clock and on-chip oscillator clock all are on, the peripheral functions using these clocks keep operating. 8.4.2.1 Peripheral Function Clock Stop Function If the CM02 bit in the CM0 register is 1 (peripheral function clocks turned off during wait mode), the f1, f2, f8, f32, f1SIO, f8SIO, f32SIO, fAD, fCAN0, and fCAN1 clocks are turned off when in wait mode, with the power consumption reduced that much. However, fC32 remains on. 8.4.2.2 Entering Wait Mode The MCU is placed into wait mode by executing the WAIT instruction. When the CM11 bit = 1 (CPU clock source is the PLL clock), be sure to set the CM11 bit in the CM1 register to 0 (CPU clock source is the main clock) before going to wait mode. The power consumption of the chip can be reduced by setting the PLC07 bit in the PLC0 register to 0 (PLL stops). 8.4.2.3 Pin Status During Wait Mode Table 8.4 lists the Pin Status During Wait Mode. Table 8.4 Pin Status During Wait Mode Pin A0 to A19, D0 to D15, _______ _______ ________ CS0 to CS3, BHE (2) ______ _______ _________ _________ RD, WR, WRL, WRH (2) ___________ HLDA, BCLK (2) ALE (2) I/O ports CLKOUT When fC selected Memory Expansion Mode Microprocessor Mode (1) Retains status before wait mode Does not become a bus control pin "H" "H" "L" Retains status before wait mode Does not become a CLKOUT pin Retains status before wait mode Does not stop Single-chip Mode *CM02 bit = 0: Does not stop When f8, f32 selected *CM02 bit = 1: Retains status before wait mode NOTES: 1. Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. 2. Not available the bus control pins in T/V-ver.. 8.4.2.4 Exiting Wait Mode ______ The MCU exits wait mode by a hardware reset, NMI______ interrupt or peripheral function interrupt. If the MCU exits wait mode by a hardware reset or NMI interrupt, set the peripheral function interrupt priority bits ILVL2 to ILVL0 to 000b (interrupt disabled) before executing the WAIT instruction. The peripheral function interrupts are affected by the CM02 bit. If the CM02 bit is 0 (peripheral function clocks not turned off during wait mode), peripheral function interrupts can be used to exit wait mode. If the CM02 bit is 1 (peripheral function clocks turned off during wait mode), the peripheral functions using the peripheral function clocks stop operating, so that only the peripheral functions clocked by external signals can be used to exit wait mode. Table 8.5 lists the Interrupts to Exit Wait Mode and Use Conditions. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 71 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Table 8.5 Interrupts to Exit Wait Mode and Use Conditions Interrupt CM02 Bit = 0 _______ NMI interrupt Can be used Serial interface interrupt Can be used when operating with internal or external clock Key input interrupt Can be used A/D conversion interrupt Can be used in one-shot mode or single sweep mode Timer A interrupt Can be used in all modes Timer B interrupt ______ INT interrupt Can be used CAN0/1 wake-up interrupt Can be used in CAN sleep mode 8. Clock Generation Circuit CM02 Bit = 1 Can be used Can be used when operating with external clock Can be used - (Do not use) Can be used in event counter mode or when the count source is fC32 Can be used Can be used in CAN sleep mode If the MCU exits wait mode by a peripheral function interrupt, set up the following before executing the WAIT instruction. (1) Set bits ILVL2 to ILVL0 in the interrupt control register, for peripheral function interrupts used to exit wait mode. Bits ILVL2 to ILVL0 in all other interrupt control registers, for peripheral function interrupts not used to exit wait mode, are set to 000b (interrupt disabled). (2) Set the I flag to 1. (3) Start operating the peripheral functions used to exit wait mode. When the peripheral function interrupt is used, an interrupt routine is performed as soon as an interrupt request is acknowledged and the CPU clock is supplied again. When the MCU exits wait mode by the peripheral function interrupt, the CPU clock is the same clock as the CPU clock executing the WAIT instruction. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 72 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit 8.4.3 Stop Mode In stop mode, all oscillator circuits are turned off, so are the CPU clock and the peripheral function clocks. Therefore, the CPU and the peripheral functions clocked by these clocks stop operating. The least amount of power is consumed in this mode. If the voltage applied to VCC pin is VRAM or more, the internal RAM is retained. However, the peripheral functions clocked by external signals keep operating. Table 8.6 lists the Interrupts to Stop Mode and Use Conditions. Table 8.6 Interrupts to Stop Mode and Use Conditions Interrupt Condition _______ NMI interrupt Can be used Key input interrupt Can be used ______ INT interrupt Can be used Timer A interrupt Can be used Timer B interrupt (when counting external pulses in event counter mode) Serial interface interrupt Can be used (when external clock is selected) CAN0/1 wake-up interrupt Can be used (when CAN sleep mode is selected) 8.4.3.1 Entering Stop Mode The MCU is placed into stop mode by setting the CM10 bit in the CM1 register to 1 (all clocks turned off). At the same time, the CM06 bit in the CM0 register is set to 1 (divide-by-8 mode) and the CM15 bit in the CM1 register is set to 1 (main clock oscillator circuit drive capability high). Before entering stop mode, set the CM20 bit in the CM2 register to 0 (oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection function disabled). Also, if the CM11 bit in the CM1 register is 1 (PLL clock for the CPU clock source), set the CM11 bit to 0 (main clock for the CPU clock source) and the PLC07 bit in the PLC0 register to 0 (PLL turned off) before entering stop mode. 8.4.3.2 Pin Status in Stop Mode Table 8.7 lists the Pin Status in Stop Mode. Table 8.7 Pin Status in Stop Mode Pin A0 to A19, D0 to D15, _______ _______ ________ CS0 to CS3, BHE (2) ______ _______ _________ _________ RD, WR, WRL, WRH (2) ___________ HLDA, BCLK (2) ALE (2) I/O ports Memory Expansion Mode Microprocessor Mode (1) Retains status before stop mode Does not become a bus control pin "H" "H" undefined Retains status before stop mode Retains status before stop mode CLKOUT When fC selected Does not become a CLKOUT pin When f8, f32 selected Single-chip Mode "H" Retains status before stop mode NOTES: 1. Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. 2. Not available the bus control pins in T/V-ver.. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 73 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit 8.4.3.3 Exiting Stop Mode _______ Stop mode is exited by a hardware reset, NMI interrupt or peripheral function interrupt. _______ When the hardware reset or NMI interrupt is used to exit stop mode, set all ILVL2 to ILVL0 bits in the interrupt control registers for the peripheral function interrupt to 000b (interrupt disabled) before setting the CM10 bit in the CM1 register to 1. When the peripheral function interrupt is used to exit stop mode, set the CM10 bit to 1 after the following settings are completed. (1) Set bits ILVL2 to ILVL0 in the interrupt control registers to decide the peripheral priority level of the peripheral function interrupt. Set the interrupt priority levels of the interrupts, not being used to exit stop mode, to 0 by setting the all ILVL2 to ILVL0 bits to 000b (interrupt disabled). (2) Set the I flag to 1. (3) Start operation of peripheral function being used to exit wait mode. When exiting stop mode by the peripheral function interrupt, the interrupt routine is performed when an interrupt request is generated and the CPU clock is supplied again. _______ When stop mode is exited by the peripheral function interrupt or NMI interrupt, the CPU clock source is as follows, in accordance with the CPU clock source setting before the MCU had entered stop mode. * When the sub clock is the CPU clock before entering stop mode: Sub clock * When the main clock is the CPU clock source before entering stop mode: Main clock divided by 8 * When the on-chip oscillator clock is the CPU clock source before entering stop mode: On-chip oscillator clock divided by 8 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 74 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit Figure 8.12 shows the State Transition to Stop Mode and Wait Mode. Figure 8.13 shows the State Transition in Normal Operating Mode. Table 8.8 shows a state transition matrix describing allowed transition and setting. The vertical line shows current state and horizontal line show state after transition. Reset All oscillators stopped WAIT instruction CM10 = 1 (5) Stop mode CM07 = 0 CM06 = 1 CM05 = 0 CM11 = 0 CM10 = 1 (3) Medium-speed mode (divided-by-8 mode) Interrupt Interrupt Interrupt Stop mode CM10 = 1 (5) When lowspeed mode CM10 = 1 (5) Wait mode Interrupt (NOTES 1, 2) PLL operating mode Low-speed mode, low power dissipation mode Interrupt Stop mode Wait mode WAIT instruction High-speed mode, Medium-Speed Mode CM10 = 1 (5) When low power dissipation mode Stop mode CPU operation stopped WAIT instruction Wait mode Interrupt On-chip oscillator mode, on-chip oscillator dissipation mode Interrupt (4) WAIT instruction Wait mode Interrupt Normal mode CM05, CM06, CM07: Bits in CM0 register CM10, CM11: Bits in CM1 register NOTES: 1. Do not go directly from PLL operating mode to wait or stop mode. 2.PLL operating mode can be entered from high-speed mode. Similarly, PLL operating mode can be changed back to high-speed mode. 3.Write to registers CM0 and CM1 per 16 bits with the CM21bit in the CM2 register = 0 (on-chip oscillator stops). Since the operation starts from the main clock after exiting stop mode, the time until the CPU operates can be reduced. 4.The on-chip oscillator clock divided by 8 provides the CPU clock. 5.Before entering stop mode, be sure to set the CM20 bit in the CM2 register to 0 (oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection function disabled). Figure 8.12 State Transition to Stop Mode and Wait Mode Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 75 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit Main clock oscillation On-chip oscillator clock oscillation PLL operating mode CPU clock : f(PLL) CM07 = 0 CM06 = 0 CM17 = 0 CM16 = 0 High-speed mode PLC07 = 1 CM11 = 1 (6) PLC07 = 0 CM11 = 0 CPU clock : f(XIN) CM07 = 0 CM06 = 0 CM17 = 0 CM16 = 0 On-chip oscillator mode Medium-speed mode Medium-speed mode Medium-speed mode Medium-speed mode (divide-by-2) (divide-by-4) (divide-by-8) (divide-by-16) CPU clock : f(XIN)/2 CM07 = 0 CM06 = 0 CM17 = 0 CM16 = 1 CM04 = 1 CM04 = 0 CPU clock : f(XIN)/4 CM07 = 0 CM06 = 0 CM17 = 1 CM16 = 0 CM04 = 1 CPU clock : f(XIN)/8 CM07 = 0 CM06 = 1 CPU clock : f(XIN)/16 CM07 = 0 CM06 = 0 CM17 = 1 CM16 = 1 On-chip oscillator low power dissipation mode CPU clock CM21 = 0 (7) CM21 = 1 f(Ring) f(Ring)/2 f(Ring)/4 f(Ring)/8 f(Ring)/16 CPU clock CM05 = 0 CM05 = 1 (1) CM04 = 1 CM04 = 0 CM04 = 1 CM04 = 0 High-speed mode CPU clock : f(PLL) CM07 = 0 CM06 = 0 CM17 = 0 CM16 = 0 PLC07 = 1 CM11 = 1 (6) PLC07 = 0 CM11 = 0 CPU clock : f(XIN) CM07 = 0 CM06 = 0 CM17 = 0 CM16 = 0 f(Ring) f(Ring)/2 f(Ring)/4 f(Ring)/8 f(Ring)/16 CM04 = 0 Medium-speed mode Medium-speed mode Medium-speed mode Medium-speed mode (divide-by-2) (divide-by-4) (divide-by-8) (divide-by-16) CPU clock : f(XIN)/2 CM07 = 0 CM06 = 0 CM17 = 0 CM16 = 1 CPU clock : f(XIN)/4 CM07 = 0 CM06 = 0 CM17 = 1 CM16 = 0 CPU clock : f(XIN)/8 CM07 = 0 CM06 = 1 CPU clock : f(XIN)/16 CM07 = 0 CM06 = 0 CM17 = 1 CM16 = 1 PLL operating mode CM07 =1 (3) Low-speed mode CM05 = 1 (1) (8) CM21 = 1 f(Ring) f(Ring)/2 f(Ring)/4 f(Ring)/8 f(Ring)/16 On-chip oscillator mode CM07 = 0 (2) (4) CM21 = 0 CPU clock: f(XCIN) CM07 = 0 CPU clock CM21 = 0 (7) CM21 = 1 CPU clock CM05 = 0 CM05 = 1 (1) f(Ring) f(Ring)/2 f(Ring)/4 f(Ring)/8 f(Ring)/16 On-chip oscillator low power dissipation mode Low-speed mode CPU clock: f(XCIN) CM07 = 0 CM05 = 0 Low power dissipation mode CPU clock: f(XCIN) CM07 = 0 CM06 = 1 CM15 = 1 Sub clock oscillation CM04, CM05, CM06, CM07: Bits in CM0 register CM11, CM15, CM16, CM17: Bits in CM1 register CM20, CM21 : Bits in CM2 register PLC07 : Bit in PLC0 register NOTES: 1. Avoid making a transition when the CM20 bit is set to 1 (oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection function enabled). Set the CM20 bit to 0 (oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection function disabled) before transiting. 2. Wait the main clock oscillation stabilizes. 3. Switch clock after oscillation of sub clock is sufficiently stable. 4. Change bits CM17 and CM16 before changing the CM06 bit. 5. Transit in accordance with arrow. 6. The PM20 bit in the PM2 register become effective when the PLC07 bit is set to 1 (PLL on). Change the PM20 bit when the PLC07 bit is set to 0 (PLL off). Set the PM20 bit to 0 (2 waits) when PLL clock > 16 MHz. 7. Set the CM06 bit to 1 (divide-by-8 mode) before changing back the operating mode from on-chip oscillator mode to high-speed or middle-speed mode. 8. When the CM21 bit = 0 (on-chip oscillator turned off) and the CM05 bit = 1 (main clock turned off), the CM06 bit is fixed to 1 (divide-by-8 mode) and the CM15 bit is fixed to 1 (drive capability High). Figure 8.13 State Transition in Normal Operating Mode Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 76 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit Table 8.8 Allowed Transition and Setting (9) State after Transition High-Speed Mode, Low-Speed Low Power PLL Operating On-chip Oscillator On-chip Oscillator Medium-Speed Low Power Mode (2) Dissipation Mode Mode (2) Mode Mode Dissipation Mode High-speed mode, medium-speed mode Low-speed (NOTE 8) Current State mode (2) On-chip oscillator mode On-chip oscillator low power dissipation mode Stop mode (7) (8) mode (2) Low power dissipation mode PLL operating (9) (11) - (1) (6) (10) - (16) (1) (17) - - - (16) (1) (17) - - - (16) (1) (17) - - - (12) (3) - - (14) (4) - - - (NOTE 8) (11) - - - (10) (NOTE 8) (18) (18) - (18) (18) (18) - (18) (5) (18) Wait mode (18) -: Cannot transit NOTES: 1. Avoid making a transition when the CM20 bit is set to 1 (oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection function enabled). Set the CM20 bit to 0 (oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection function disabled) before transiting. 2. On-chip oscillator clock oscillates and stops in low-speed mode. In this mode, the on-chip oscillator can be used as peripheral function clock. Sub clock oscillates and stops in PLL operating mode. In this mode, sub clock can be used as peripheral function clock. 3. PLL operating mode can only be entered from and changed to high-speed mode. 4. Set the CM06 bit to 1 (divide-by-8 mode) before transiting from on-chip oscillator mode to high-speed or medium-speed mode. 5. When exiting stop mode, the CM06 bit is set to 1 (divide-by-8 mode). 6. If the CM05 bit is set to 1 (main clock stop), then the CM06 bit is set to 1 (divide-by-8 mode). 7. A transition can be made only when sub clock is oscillating. 8. State transitions within the same mode (divide-by-n values changed or sub clock oscillation turned on or off) are shown in the table below. Sub Clock Oscillating Sub Clock Turned Off Sub Clock Oscillating No Divide- Divide- Divide- Divide- No Divide- Divide- Divide- DivideDivision by-2 by-4 by-8 by-16 Division by-2 by-4 by-8 by-16 (5) (5) (4) (7) (7) (6) (6) (1) - (1) - - - Divide-by-4 (3) Divide-by-8 (3) (4) (4) (7) (6) (6) - - (1) - (1) - (5) Divide-by-16 (3) No division (2) (4) - (5) - (7) - - (4) (5) (7) (1) (6) - Divide-by-2 Divide-by-4 - (2) - (2) - - (5) (7) (7) (6) (6) Divide-by-8 - - - (2) - (3) (4) (5) Divide-by-16 - - - - (2) (3) (4) (5) 9. ( ):setting method. See right table. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 77 of 378 (5) (18) (18) Setting (1) CM04=0 (2) CM04=1 (3) CM06=0 CM17=0 CM16=0 (4) CM06=0 CM17=0 CM16=1 (5) CM06=0 CM17=1 CM16=0 (6) CM06=0 CM17=1 CM16=1 (7) CM06=1 (8) CM07=0 Sub Clock Turned Off No division Divide-by-2 (3) (3) (3) (4) (6) (7) Wait Mode (15) (13) (3) Stop Mode (9) (10) (11) (12) CM07=1 CM05=0 CM05=1 PLC07=0 CM11=0 ( 13) PLC07=1 CM11=1 (14) CM21=0 ( 15) CM21=1 (1) - (16) (1) (17) (16) (1) (17) (5) - Operation Sub clock turned off Sub clock oscillating CPU clock no division mode CPU clock divide-by-2 mode CPU clock divide-by-4 mode CPU clock divide-by-16 mode CPU clock divide-by-8 mode Main clock, PLL clock or on-chip oscillator clock selected Sub clock selected Main clock oscillating Main clock turned off Main clock selected PLL clock selected Main clock or PLL clock selected On-chip oscillator clock selected Transition to stop mode Transition to wait mode (16) CM10=1 (17) WAIT instruction (18) Hardware Exit stop mode or wait interrupt mode CM04, CM05, CM06, CM07: Bits in CM0 register CM10, CM11, CM16, CM17: Bits in CM1 register CM20, CM21 : Bits in CM2 register PLC07 : Bit in PLC0 register M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit 8.5 Oscillation Stop and Re-oscillation Detection Function The oscillation stop and re-oscillation detection function is such that main clock oscillation circuit stop and re-oscillation are detected. At oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection, reset or oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection interrupt request are generated. Which is to be generated can be selected using the CM27 bit in the CM2 register. The oscillation stop and re-oscillation detection function can be enabled and disabled using the CM20 bit in the CM2 register. Table 8.9 lists a Specification Overview of Oscillation Stop and Re-oscillation Detection Function. Table 8.9 Specification Overview of Oscillation Stop and Re-oscillation Detection Function Item Specification Oscillation stop detectable clock and f(XIN) 2 MHz frequency bandwidth Enabling condition for oscillation stop Set CM20 bit to 1 (enabled) and re-oscillation detection function Operation at oscillation stop, *Reset occurs (when CM27 bit = 0) re-oscillation detection *Oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection interrupt is generated (when CM27 bit =1) 8.5.1 Operation when CM27 Bit = 0 (Oscillation Stop Detection Reset) Where main clock stop is detected when the CM20 bit is 1 (oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection function enabled), the MCU is initialized, coming to a halt (oscillation stop reset; refer to 4. Special Function Registers (SFRs), 5. Resets). This status is reset with hardware reset. Also, even when re-oscillation is detected, the MCU can be initialized and stopped; it is, however, necessary to avoid such usage (During main clock stop, do not set the CM20 bit to 1 and the CM27 bit to 0). 8.5.2 Operation when CM27 Bit = 1 (Oscillation Stop, Re-oscillation Detection Interrupt) Where the main clock corresponds to the CPU clock source and the CM20 bit is 1 (oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection function enabled), the system is placed in the following state if the main clock comes to a halt: * Oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection interrupt request is generated. * The on-chip oscillator starts oscillation, and the on-chip oscillator clock becomes the clock source for CPU clock and peripheral functions in place of the main clock. * CM21 bit = 1 (on-chip oscillator clock is the clock source for CPU clock) * CM22 bit = 1 (main clock stop detected) * CM23 bit = 1 (main clock stopped) Where the PLL clock corresponds to the CPU clock source and the CM20 bit is 1, the system is placed in the following state if the main clock comes to a halt: Since the CM21 bit remains unchanged, set it to 1 (on-chip oscillator clock) inside the interrupt routine. * Oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection interrupt request is generated. * CM22 bit = 1 (main clock stop detected) * CM23 bit = 1 (main clock stopped) * CM21 bit remains unchanged Where the CM20 bit is 1, the system is placed in the following state if the main clock re-oscillates from the stop condition: * Oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection interrupt request is generated. * CM22 bit = 1 (main clock re-oscillation detected) * CM23 bit = 0 (main clock oscillation) * CM21 bit remains unchanged Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 78 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 8. Clock Generation Circuit 8.5.3 How to Use Oscillation Stop and Re-oscillation Detection Function * The oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection interrupt shares the vector with the watchdog timer interrupt. If the oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection and watchdog timer interrupts both are used, read the CM22 bit in an interrupt routine to determine which interrupt source is requesting the interrupt. * Where the main clock re-oscillated after oscillation stop, the clock source for the CPU clock and peripheral function must be switched to the main clock in the program. Figure 8.14 shows the Procedure to Switch Clock Source from On-chip Oscillator to Main Clock. * Simultaneously with oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection interrupt request occurrence, the CM22 bit becomes 1. When the CM22 bit is set at 1, oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection interrupt are disabled. By setting the CM22 bit to 0 in the program, oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection interrupt are enabled. * If the main clock stops during low speed mode where the CM20 bit is 1, an oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection interrupt request is generated. At the same time, the on-chip oscillator starts oscillating. In this case, although the CPU clock is derived from the sub clock as it was before the interrupt occurred, the peripheral function clocks now are derived from the on-chip oscillator clock. * To enter wait mode while using the oscillation stop and re-oscillation detection function, set the CM02 bit to 0 (peripheral function clocks not turned off during wait mode). * Since the oscillation stop and re-oscillation detection function is provided in preparation for main clock stop due to external sources, set the CM20 bit to 0 (oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection function disabled) where the main clock is stopped or oscillated in the program, that is where the stop mode is selected or the CM05 bit is altered. * This function cannot be used if the main clock frequency is 2 MHz or less. In that case, set the CM20 bit to 0. Switch the main clock NO Determine several times whether the CM23 bit is set to 0 (main clock oscillates) YES Set the CM06 bit to 1 (divide-by-8) Set the CM22 bit to 0 (main clock stop, re-oscillation not detected) Set the CM21 bit to 0 (main clock or PLL clock as CPU clock source) (1) End CM06 bit : Bit in CM0 register Bits CM21, CM22, CM 23: Bits in CM2 register NOTE: 1. If the clock source for CPU clock is to be changed to PLL clock, set to PLL operating mode after set to high-speed mode. Figure 8.14 Procedure to Switch Clock Source from On-chip Oscillator to Main Clock Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 79 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 9. Protection 9. Protection In the event that a program runs out of control, this function protects the important registers so that they will not be rewritten easily. Figure 9.1 shows the PRCR Register. The registers protected by the PRCR register are listed below. * Registers protected by the PRC0 bit: Registers CM0, CM1, CM2, PLC0, PCLKR, and CCLKR * Registers protected by the PRC1 bit: Registers PM0, PM1, PM2, TB2SC, INVC0, and INVC1 * Registers protected by the PRC2 bit: Registers PD7, PD9, S3C, S4C, S5C, and S6C (1) NOTE: 1. Registers S5C and S6C are only in the 128-pin version. Set the PRC2 bit to 1 (write enabled) and then write to given address, and the PRC2 bit will be set to 0 (write protected). The registers protected by the PRC2 bit should be changed in the next instruction after setting the PRC2 bit to 1. Make sure no interrupts or DMA transfers will occur between the instruction in which the PRC2 bit is set to 1 and the next instruction. Bits PRC0 and PRC1 are not automatically set to 0 by writing to given address. They can only be set to 0 in a program. Protect Register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 0 0 0 Symbol Address After Reset PRCR 000Ah XX000000b Bit Symbol Bit Name RW Function Writing to registers CM0, CM1, CM2, PLC0, PCLKR, CCLKR is enabled RW 0 : Write protected 1 : Write enabled Writing to registers PM0, PM1, PM2, TB2SC, INVC0, INVC1 is enabled RW 0 : Write protected 1 : Write enabled Writing to registers PD7, PD9, S3C, S4C, S5C, S6C RW is enabled (2) 0 : Write protected 1 : Write enabled (1) PRC0 Protect bit 0 PRC1 Protect bit 1 PRC2 Protect bit 2 (b5-b3) Reserved bits (b7-b6) Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. Set to 0 RW - NOTES: 1. The PRC2 bit is set to 0 by writing to given address after setting it to 1. Other bits are not set to 0 by writing to given address, and must therefore be set in a program. 2. Registers S5C and S6C are only in the 128-pin veresion. Figure 9.1 PRCR Register Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 80 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 10. Interrupts 10. Interrupts 10.1 Type of Interrupts Figure 10.1 shows the Types of Interrupts. Hardware Special (Non-maskable interrupt) Interrupt Software (Non-maskable interrupt) Undefined instruction (UND instruction) Overflow (INTO instruction) BRK instruction INT instruction _______ NMI DBC (2) Oscillation stop and re-oscillation detection Watchdog timer Single step (2) Address match ________ Peripheral function (1) (Maskable interrupt) NOTES: 1. The peripheral functions in the MCU are used to generate the peripheral interrupt. 2. Do not normally use this interrupt because it is provided exclusively for use by development tools. Figure 10.1 Types of Interrupts * Maskable interrupt: An interrupt which can be enabled (disabled) by the interrupt enable flag (I flag) or whose interrupt priority can be changed by priority level. * Non-maskable interrupt: An interrupt which cannot be enabled (disabled) by the interrupt enable flag (I flag) or whose interrupt priority cannot be changed by priority level. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 81 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 10. Interrupts 10.2 Software Interrupts A software interrupt is generated when executing certain instructions. Software interrupts are nonmaskable interrupts. 10.2.1 Undefined Instruction Interrupt An undefined instruction interrupt is generated when executing the UND instruction. 10.2.2 Overflow Interrupt An overflow interrupt is generated when executing the INTO instruction with the O flag in the FLG register set to 1 (the operation resulted in an overflow). The following are instructions whose O flag changes by arithmetic: ABS, ADC, ADCF, ADD, CMP, DIV, DIVU, DIVX, NEG, RMPA, SBB, SHA, SUB 10.2.3 BRK Interrupt A BRK interrupt is generated when executing the BRK instruction. 10.2.4 INT Instruction Interrupt An INT instruction interrupt is generated when executing the INT instruction. Software interrupt Nos. 0 to 63 can be specified for the INT instruction. Because software interrupt Nos. 1 to 31 are assigned to peripheral function interrupts, the same interrupt routine as for peripheral function interrupts can be executed by executing the INT instruction. In software interrupt Nos. 0 to 31, the U flag is saved to the stack during instruction execution and is set to 0 (ISP selected) before executing an interrupt sequence. The U flag is restored from the stack when returning from the interrupt routine. In software interrupt Nos. 32 to 63, the U flag does not change state during instruction execution, and the SP then selected is used. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 82 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 10. Interrupts 10.3 Hardware Interrupts Hardware interrupts are classified into two types -- special interrupts and peripheral function interrupts. 10.3.1 Special Interrupts Special interrupts are non-maskable interrupts. _______ 10.3.1.1 NMI Interrupt _______ _______ An NMI interrupt is generated when input on the NMI pin changes state from high to low. For details, _______ refer to 10.7 NMI Interrupt. ________ 10.3.1.2 DBC Interrupt Do not normally use this interrupt because it is provided exclusively for use by development tools. 10.3.1.3 Watchdog Timer Interrupt Generated by the watchdog timer. Once a watchdog timer interrupt is generated, be sure to initialize the watchdog timer. For details about the watchdog timer, refer to 11. Watchdog Timer. 10.3.1.4 Oscillation Stop and Re-oscillation Detection Interrupt Generated by the oscillation stop and re-oscillation detection function. For details about the oscillation stop and re-oscillation detection function, refer to 8. Clock Generation Circuit. 10.3.1.5 Single-Step Interrupt Do not normally use this interrupt because it is provided exclusively for use by development tools. 10.3.1.6 Address Match Interrupt An address match interrupt is generated immediately before executing the instruction at the address indicated by registers RMAD0 to RMAD3 that corresponds to one of the AIER0 or AIER1 bit in the AIER register or the AIER20 or AIER21 bit in the AIER2 register which is 1 (address match interrupt enabled). For details, refer to 10.10 Address Match Interrupt. 10.3.2 Peripheral Function Interrupts The peripheral function interrupt is generated when a request from the peripheral functions in the MCU is acknowledged. The peripheral function interrupt is a maskable interrupt. See Table 10.2 Relocatable Vector Tables about how the peripheral function interrupt occurs. Refer to the descriptions of each function for details. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 83 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 10. Interrupts 10.4 Interrupts and Interrupt Vector One interrupt vector consists of 4 bytes. Set the start address of each interrupt routine in the respective interrupt vectors. When an interrupt request is accepted, the CPU branches to the address set in the corresponding interrupt vector. Figure 10.2 shows the Interrupt Vector. MSB Vector address (L) LSB Low-order address Middle-order address Vector address (H) 0000 High-order address 0000 0000 Figure 10.2 Interrupt Vector 10.4.1 Fixed Vector Tables The fixed vector tables are allocated to the addresses from FFFDCh to FFFFFh. Table 10.1 lists the Fixed Vector Tables. In the flash memory version of MCU, the vector addresses (H) of fixed vectors are used by the ID code check function. For details, refer to 21.2 Functions to Prevent Flash Memory from Rewriting. Table 10.1 Fixed Vector Tables Interrupt Source Vector table Addresses Address (L) to Address (H) FFFDFh FFFE3h FFFE7h FFFEBh FFFEFh FFFF3h Reference Undefined instruction (UND instruction) Overflow (INTO instruction) BRK instruction (2) Address match Single step (1) Oscillation stop and re-oscillation detection, FFFDCh to FFFE0h to FFFE4h to FFFE8h to FFFECh to FFFF0h to M16C/60, M16C/20, M16C/Tiny Series Software Manual Watchdog timer ________ (1) DBC _______ NMI Reset 11. Watchdog Timer FFFF4h to FFFF7h _______ FFFF8h to FFFFBh 10.7 NMI Interrupt FFFFCh to FFFFFh 5. Resets 10.10 Address Match Interrupt 8. Clock Generation Circuit NOTES: 1. Do not normally use this interrupt because it is provided exclusively for use by development tools. 2. If the contents of address FFFE7h is FFh, program execution starts from the address shown by the vector in the relocatable vector table. 10.4.2 Relocatable Vector Tables The 256 bytes beginning with the start address set in the INTB register comprise a relocatable vector table area. Table 10.2 lists the Relocatable Vector Tables. Setting an even address in the INTB register results in the interrupt sequence being executed faster than in the case of odd addresses. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 84 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 10. Interrupts Table 10.2 Relocatable Vector Tables Interrupt Source BRK instruction (2) CAN0/1 wake-up (10) CAN0 successful reception CAN0 successful transmission ________ INT3 Timer B5, SI/O5 (12) Timer B4, UART1 bus collision detection (3) (9) (4) (9) Timer B3, UART0 bus collision detection ________ (5) CAN1 successful reception, SI/O4, INT5 ________ CAN1 successful transmission, SI/O3, INT4 (6) UART2 bus collision detection (9) DMA0 DMA1 CAN0/1 error (11) (17) A/D, Key input (7) (17) UART2 transmission, NACK2 (8) UART2 reception, ACK2 (8) UART0 transmission, NACK0 (8) UART0 reception, ACK0 (8) UART1 transmission, NACK1 (8) UART1 reception, ACK1 (8) Timer A0 Timer A1 ________ Timer A2, ________ INT7 (13) Timer A3, INT6 (14) Timer A4 Timer B0, ________ SI/O6 (15) Timer B1, INT8 (16) Timer B2 ________ INT0 ________ INT1 ________ INT2 INT instruction interrupt (2) Vector Address (1) Address (L) to Address (H) Software Interrupt Number +0 to +3 (0000h to 0003h) 0 +4 to +7 (0004h to 0007h) +8 to +11 (0008h to 000Bh) +12 to +15 (000Ch to 000Fh) +16 to +19 (0010h to 0013h) +20 to +23 (0014h to 0017h) +24 to +27 (0018h to 001Bh) +28 to +31 (001Ch to 001Fh) +32 to +35 (0020h to 0023h) +36 to +39 (0024h to 0027h) +40 to +43 (0028h to 002Bh) +44 to +47 (002Ch to 002Fh) +48 to +51 (0030h to 0033h) +52 to +55 (0034h to 0037h) +56 to +59 (0038h to 003Bh) +60 to +63 (003Ch to 003Fh) +64 to +67 (0040h to 0043h) +68 to +71 (0044h to 0047h) +72 to +75 (0048h to 004Bh) +76 to +79 (004Ch to 004Fh) +80 to +83 (0050h to 0053h) +84 to +87 (0054h to 0057h) +88 to +91 (0058h to 005Bh) +92 to +95 (005Ch to 005Fh) +96 to +99 (0060h to 0063h) +100 to +103 (0064h to 0067h) +104 to +107 (0068h to 006Bh) +108 to +111 (006Ch to 006Fh) +112 to +115 (0070h to 0073h) +116 to +119 (0074h to 0077h) +120 to +123 (0078h to 007Bh) +124 to +127 (007Ch to 007Fh) +128 to +131 (0080h to 0083h) to +252 to + 255 (00FCh to 00FFh) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 to 63 Reference M16C/60, M16C/20, 16C/Tiny Series Software Manual 19. CAN Module ______ 10.6 INT Interrupt 13. Timers 15. Serial Interface 19. CAN Module, 15. Serial ______ Interface, 10.6 INT Interrupt 15. Serial Interface 12. DMAC 19. CAN Module 16. A/D Convertor, 10.8 Key Input Interrupt 15. Serial nterface 13. Timers 13. Timers ______ 10.6 INT Interrupt 13. Timers 13. Timers, 15. Serial Interface ______ 13. Timers, 10.6 INT Interrupt 13. Timers ______ 10.6 INT Interrupt M16C/60, M16C/20, 16C/Tiny Series Software Manual NOTES: 1. Address relative to address in INTB. 2. These interrupts cannot be disabled using the I flag. 3. Use the IFSR07 bit in the IFSR0 register to select. 4. Use the IFSR06 bit in the IFSR0 register to select. 5. Use the IFSR17 bit in the IFSR1 register to select. Furthermore, use the IFSR03 bit in the IFSR0 register to select, when selecting CAN1 successful reception or SI/O4. 6. Use the IFSR16 bit in the IFSR1 register to select. Furthermore, use the IFSR00 bit in the IFSR0 register to select, when selecting CAN1 successful transmission or SI/O3. 7. Use the IFSR01 bit in the IFSR0 register to select. 8. During I2C mode, NACK and ACK interrupts comprise the interrupt source. 9. Bus collision detection: During IE mode, this bus collision detection constitutes the interrupt source. 2 During I C mode, a start condition or a stop condition detection constitutes the interrupt source. 10. Use the IFSR02 bit in the IFSR0 register to select. When the IFSR02 bit = 0, CAN0/1 wake-up is selected. When the IFSR02 bit = 1, CAN0 wake-up/error is selected. 11. Use the IFSR02 bit in the IFSR0 register to select. When the IFSR02 bit = 0, CAN0/1 error is selected. When the IFSR02 bit = 1, CAN1 wake-up/error is selected. 12. Use the IFSR04 bit in the IFSR0 register to select. SI/O5 is only in the 128-pin version. In the 100-pin version, set the IFSR04 bit to 0 (Timer B5). 13. ________ Use the IFSR20 bit in the IFSR2 register to select. INT7 is only in the 128-pin version. In the 100-pin version, set the IFSR20 bit to 0 (Timer A2). 14. ________ Use the IFSR21 bit in the IFSR2 register to select. INT6 is only in the 128-pin version. In the 100-pin version, set the IFSR21 bit to 0 (Timer A3). 15. Use the IFSR05 bit in the IFSR0 register to select. SI/O6 is only in the 128-pin version. In the 100-pin version, set the IFSR05 bit to 0 (Timer B0). 16. ________ Use the IFSR22 bit in the IFSR2 register to select. INT8 is only in the 128-pin version. In the 100-pin version, set the IFSR22 bit to 0 (Timer B1). 17. If the PCLK6 bit in the PCLKR register is set to 1, software interrupt number 13 can be changed to CAN0/1 error or key input interrupt, and software interrupt number 14 can be changed to A/D interrupt. (The software interrupt number of key input is changed from 14 to 13) Use the IFSR26 bit in the IFSR2 register to select when selecting CAN0/1 error or key input. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 85 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 10. Interrupts 10.5 Interrupt Control The following describes how to enable/disable the maskable interrupts, and how to set the priority in which order they are accepted. What is explained here does not apply to non-maskable interrupts. Use the I flag in the FLG register, IPL, and bits ILVL2 to ILVL0 in the each interrupt control register to enable/disable the maskable interrupts. Whether an interrupt is requested is indicated by the IR bit in the each interrupt control register. Figures 10.3 and 10.4 show the Interrupt Control Registers. Interrupt Control Register (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol Address After Reset C01WKIC (8) C0RECIC C0TRMIC TB5IC/S5IC (5) TB4IC/U1BCNIC (2) TB3IC/U0BCNIC (3) U2BCNIC DM0IC, DM1IC C01ERRIC (6) (9) ADIC/KUPIC (6) S0TIC to S2TIC S0RIC to S2RIC TA0IC, TA1IC TA4IC TB0IC/S6IC (7) TB2IC 0041h 0042h 0043h 0045h 0046h 0047h 004Ah 004Bh, 004Ch 004Dh 004Eh 0051h, 0053h, 004Fh 0052h, 0054h, 0050h 0055h, 0056h 0059h 005Ah 005Ch XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b XXXXX000b Bit Symbol Bit Name Function RW b2 b1 b0 ILVL0 ILVL1 Interrupt priority level select bit ILVL2 000: 001: 010: 011: 100: 101: 110: 111: Level 0 (interrupt disabled) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5 Level 6 Level 7 0 : Interrupt not requested 1 : Interrupt requested IR Interrupt request bit - Noting is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. (b7-b4) RW RW RW RW (4) - NOTES: 1. To rewrite the interrupt control registers, do so at a point that does not generate the interrupt request for that register. For details, refer to 23.8 Interrupt. 2. Use the IFSR07 bit in the IFSR0 register to select. 3. Use the IFSR06 bit in the IFSR0 register to select. 4. This bit can only be reset by writing 0 (do not write 1). 5. Use the IFSR04 bit in the IFSR0 register to select. The S5IC register is only in the 128-pin version. In the 100-pin version, set the IFSR04 bit to 0 (timer B5). 6. If the PCLK6 bit in the PCLKR register is set to 1, C01ERRIC/KUPIC register can be assigned in an address 004Dh, and the ADIC register can be assigned in an address 004Eh. (SFR location of the KUPIC register is changed from address 004Eh to address 004Dh.) 7. Use the IFSR05 bit in the IFSR0 register to select. The S6IC register is only in the 128-pin version. In the 100-pin version, set the IFSR05 bit to 0 (timer B0). 8. When the IFSR02 bit in the IFSR0 register = 0 (CAN0/1 wake-up or error), CAN0/1 wake-up is selected. When the IFSR02 bit = 1 (CAN0 wake-up/error or CAN1 wake-up/error), CAN0 wake-up/error is selected. 9. When the IFSR02 bit = 0, CAN0/1 error is selected. When the IFSR02 bit = 1, CAN1 wake-up/error is selected. Figure 10.3 Interrupt Control Registers (1) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 86 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 10. Interrupts Interrupt Control Register (1) Symbol Address After Reset (2) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 INT3IC 0044h C1RECIC/S4IC/INT5IC (2) (7) 0048h C1TRMIC/S3IC/INT4IC (2) (8) 0049h 005Dh to 005Fh INT0IC to INT2IC 0057h TA2IC/INT7IC (9) 0058h TA3IC/INT6IC (10) 005Bh TB1IC/INT8IC (11) b0 0 Bit Symbol Bit Name XX00X000b XX00X000b XX00X000b XX00X000b XX00X000b XX00X000b XX00X000b Function RW b2 b1 b0 ILVL0 ILVL1 Interrupt priority level select bit ILVL2 IR POL (b5) (b7-b6) 000: 001: 010: 011: 100: 101: 110: 111: Level 0 (interrupt disabled) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5 Level 6 Level 7 RW RW RW Interrupt request bit 0 : Interrupt not requested 1 : Interrupt requested Polarity select bit 0 : Selects falling edge (4) (5) (6) 1 : Selects rising edge RW Reserved bit Set to 0 RW Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. RW (3) - NOTES: 1. To rewrite the interrupt control registers, do so at a point that does not generate the interrupt request for that register. For details, refer to 23.8 Interrupt. 2. When the BYTE pin is low and the processor mode is memory expansion or microprocessor mode, set the ILVL2 to ILVL0 bits in the INT5IC to INT3IC registers to 000b (interrupt disabled). * Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. 3. This bit can only be reset by writing 0 (do not write 1). 4. If bits IFSR10 to IFSR15 in the IFSR1 register and bits IFSR23 to IFSR25 in the IFSR2 register are 1 (both edges), set the POL bit in registers INT0IC to INT8IC to 0 (falling edge). Registers INT6IC to INT8IC are in the 128-pin version. 5. Set the POL bit in the S3IC register to 0 (falling edge) when the IFSR00 bit in the IFSR0 register = 1 and the IFSR16 bit in the IFSR1 register = 0 (SI/O3 selected). 6. Set the POL bit in the S4IC register to 0 (falling edge) when the IFSR03 bit in the IFSR0 register = 1 and the IFSR17 bit in the IFSR1 register = 0 (SI/O4 selected). 7. Use the IFSR03 bit in the IFSR0 register and the IFSR17 bit in the IFSR1 register to select. 8. Use the IFSR00 bit in the IFSR0 register and the IFSR16 bit in the IFSR1 register to select. 9. Use the IFSR20 bit in the IFSR2 register to select. The INT7IC register is only in the 128-pin version. In the 100-pin version, set the IFSR20 bit to 0 (timer A2). 10. Use the IFSR21 bit in the IFSR2 register to select. The INT6IC register is only in the 128-pin version. In the 100-pin version, set the IFSR21 bit to 0 (timer A3). 11. Use the IFSR22 bit in the IFSR2 register to select. The INT8IC register is only in the 128-pin version. In the 100-pin version, set the IFSR22 bit to 0 (timer B1). Figure 10.4 Interrupt Control Registers (2) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 87 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 10. Interrupts 10.5.1 I Flag The I flag enables or disables the maskable interrupt. Setting the I flag to 1 (enabled) enables the maskable interrupt. Setting the I flag to 0 (disabled) disables all maskable interrupts. 10.5.2 IR Bit The IR bit is set to 1 (interrupt requested) when an interrupt request is generated. Then, when the interrupt request is accepted and the CPU branches to the corresponding interrupt vector, the IR bit is set to 0 (interrupt not requested). The IR bit can be set to 0 in a program. Note that do not write 1 to this bit. 10.5.3 Bits ILVL2 to ILVL0 and IPL Interrupt priority levels can be set using bits ILVL2 to ILVL0. Table 10.3 shows the settings of interrupt priority levels and Table 10.4 shows the interrupt priority levels enabled by the IPL. The following are conditions under which an interrupt is accepted: * I flag = 1 * IR bit = 1 * interrupt priority level > IPL The I flag, IR bit, bits ILVL2 to ILVL0 and IPL are independent of each other. In no case do they affect one another. Table 10.3 Settings of Interrupt Priority Levels Bits ILVL2 to ILVL0 Interrupt Priority Level Priority Order 000b Level 0 (Interrupt disabled) 001b Level 1 Low 010b Level 2 011b Level 3 100b Level 4 101b Level 5 110b Level 6 111b Level 7 High Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 88 of 378 Table 10.4 Interrupt Priority Levels Enabled by IPL IPL Enabled Interrupt Priority Levels 000b Interrupt levels 1 and above are enabled 001b Interrupt levels 2 and above are enabled 010b Interrupt levels 3 and above are enabled 011b Interrupt levels 5 and above are enabled 100b Interrupt levels 5 and above are enabled 101b Interrupt levels 6 and above are enabled 110b Interrupt levels 7 and above are enabled 111b All maskable interrupts are disabled M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 10. Interrupts 10.5.4 Interrupt Sequence An interrupt sequence -- what are performed over a period from the instant an interrupt is accepted to the instant the interrupt routine is executed -- is described here. If an interrupt request is generated while an instruction is being executing, the CPU determines its priority when the execution of the instruction is completed, and transfers control to the interrupt sequence from the next cycle. However, for the SMOVB, SMOVF, SSTR or RMPA instruction, if an interrupt request is generated while the instruction is being executing, the MCU temporarily suspends the instruction being executed, and transfers control to the interrupt sequence. The CPU behavior during the interrupt sequence is described below. Figure 10.5 shows the Time Required for Executing Interrupt Sequence. (1) The CPU obtains interrupt information (interrupt number and interrupt request level) by reading address 000000h. Then, the IR bit applicable to the interrupt information is set to 0 (interrupt requested). (2) The FLG register, prior to an interrupt sequence, is saved to a temporary register (1) within the CPU. (3) Flags I, D, and U in the FLG register become as follows: * The I flag is set to 0 (interrupt disabled) * The D flag is set to 0 (single-step interrupt disabled) * The U flag is set to 0 (ISP selected) However, the U flag does not change state if an INT instruction for software interrupt Nos. 32 to 63 is executed. (4) The temporary register (1) within the CPU is saved to the stack. (5) The PC is saved to the stack. (6) The interrupt priority level of the acknowledged interrupt in IPL is set. (7) The start address of the relevant interrupt routine set in the interrupt vector is stored in the PC. After the interrupt sequence is completed, an instruction is executed from the starting address of the interrupt routine. NOTE: 1. This register cannot be accessed by user. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 CPU clock Address bus Data bus Address 0000h Interrupt information RD Undefined (1) Undefined (1) SP-2 SP-2 contents SP-4 SP-4 contents vec vec contents vec+2 vec+2 contents Undefined (1) WR (2) NOTES: 1. The undefined state depends on the instruction queue buffer. A read cycle occurs when the instruction queue buffer is ready to accept instructions. 2. The WR signal timing shown here is for the case where the stack is located in the internal RAM. Figure 10.5 Time Required for Executing Interrupt Sequence Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 89 of 378 PC 18 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 10. Interrupts 10.5.5 Interrupt Response Time Figure 10.6 shows the Interrupt Response Time. The interrupt response or interrupt acknowledge time denotes a time from when an interrupt request is generated till when the first instruction in the interrupt routine is executed. Specifically, it consists of a time from when an interrupt request is generated till when the instruction then executing is completed ((a) on Figure 10.6) and a time during which the interrupt sequence is executed ((b) on Figure 10.6). Interrupt request generated Interrupt request acknowledged Time Instruction Instruction in interrupt routine Interrupt sequence (a) (b) Interrupt response time (a) A time from when an interrupt request is generated till when the instruction then executing is completed. The length of this time varies with the instruction being executed. The DIVX instruction requires the longest time, which is equal to 30 cycles (without wait state, the divisor being a register). (b) A time during which the interrupt sequence is executed. For details, see the table below. Note, however, that the values in this table must be increased 2 cycles for the DBC interrupt and 1 cycle for the address match and single-step interrupts. Interrupt Vector Address SP Value 16-bit Bus, without Wait 8-bit Bus, without Wait Even Even 18 cycles 20 cycles Odd 19 cycles Even 19 cycles Odd 20 cycles Odd Figure 10.6 Interrupt Response Time 10.5.6 Variation of IPL when Interrupt Request is Accepted When a maskable interrupt request is accepted, the interrupt priority level of the accepted interrupt is set in the IPL. When a software interrupt or special interrupt request is accepted, one of the interrupt priority levels listed in Table 10.5 is set in the IPL. Table 10.5 shows the IPL Level that is Set to IPL when Software or Special Interrupts is Accepted. Table 10.5 IPL Level that is Set to IPL when Software or Special Interrupt is Accepted Interrupt Sources _______ Oscillation stop and re-oscillation detection, Watchdog timer, NMI Value that is Set to IPL 7 _________ Software, Address match, DBC, Single-step Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 90 of 378 Not changed M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 10. Interrupts 10.5.7 Saving Registers In the interrupt sequence, the FLG register and PC are saved to the stack. At this time, the 4 high-order bits of the PC and the 4 high-order (IPL) and 8 low-order bits in the FLG register, 16 bits in total, are saved to the stack first. Next, the 16 low-order bits of the PC are saved. Figure 10.7 shows the Stack Status Before and After Acceptance of Interrupt Request. The other necessary registers must be saved in a program at the beginning of the interrupt routine. Use the PUSHM instruction, and all registers except SP can be saved with a single instruction. Stack MSB Stack LSB MSB LSB Address Address m-4 m-4 m-3 m-3 PCM m-2 m-2 FLGL m-1 m-1 m Content of previous stack m+1 Content of previous stack [SP] SP value before interrupt request is accepted. Stack status before interrupt request is acknowledged [SP] New SP value PCL FLGH PCH m Content of previous stack m+1 Content of previous stack Stack status after interrupt request is acknowledged PCL : 8 low-order bits of PC PCM : 8 middle-order bits of PC PCH : 4 high-order bits of PC FLGL : 8 low-order bits of FLG FLGH: 4 high-order bits of FLG Figure 10.7 Stack Status Before and After Acceptance of Interrupt Request The register saving operation carried out in the interrupt sequence is dependent on whether the SP (1), at the time of acceptance of an interrupt request, is even or odd. If the SP (1) is even, the FLG register and the PC are saved, 16 bits at a time. If odd, they are saved in two steps, 8 bits at a time. Figure 10.8 shows the Register Saving Operation. NOTE: 1. When any INT instruction in software numbers 32 to 63 has been executed, this is the SP indicated by the U flag. Otherwise, it is the ISP. (1)SP contains even number Address (2)SP contains odd number Stack Sequence in which order registers are saved [SP] - 5 (Odd) PCL [SP] - 3 (Odd) PCM [SP] - 2 (Even) FLGL [SP] Stack Sequence in which order registers are saved [SP] - 5 (Even) [SP] - 4 (Even) [SP] - 1 (Odd) Address FLGH PCH (Even) PCL (3) [SP] - 3 (Even) PCM (4) [SP] - 2 (Odd) FLGL (1) (2) Saved simultaneously, all 16 bits [SP] - 4 (Odd) (1) Saved simultaneously, all 16 bits Finished saving registers in two operations. [SP] - 1 (Even) [SP] (Odd) FLGH PCH Saved,8 bits at a time (2) Finished saving registers in four operations. PCL : 8 low-order bits of PC PCM : 8 middle-order bits of PC PCH : 4 high-order bits of PC FLGL : 8 low-order bits of FLG FLGH: 4 high-order bits of FLG NOTE: 1. [SP] denotes the initial value of the SP when interrupt request is acknowledged. After registers are saved, the SP content is [SP] minus 4. Figure 10.8 Register Saving Operation Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 91 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 10. Interrupts 10.5.8 Returning from Interrupt Routine The FLG register and PC in the state in which they were immediately before entering the interrupt sequence are restored from the stack by executing the REIT instruction at the end of the interrupt routine. Thereafter the CPU returns to the program which was being executed before accepting the interrupt request. Return the other registers saved by a program within the interrupt routine using the POPM or similar instruction before executing the REIT instruction. Register bank is switched back to the bank used prior to the interrupt sequence by the REIT instruction. 10.5.9 Interrupt Priority If two or more interrupt requests are sampled at the same sampling points (a timing to detect whether an interrupt request is generated or not), the interrupt request with the highest priority is acknowledged. For maskable interrupts (peripheral functions interrupt), any desired priority level can be selected using bits ILVL2 to ILVL0. However, if two or more maskable interrupts have the same priority level, their interrupt priority is resolved by hardware, with the highest priority interrupt accepted. The watchdog timer and other special interrupts have their priority levels set in hardware. Figure 10.9 shows the Hardware Interrupts Priority. Software interrupts are not affected by the interrupt priority. If an instruction is executed, control branches invariably to the interrupt routine. Reset High NMI DBC Oscillation stop and re-oscillation detection Watchdog timer Peripheral function Single step Address match Low Figure 10.9 Hardware Interrupt Priority 10.5.10 Interrupt Priority Level Select Circuit The interrupt priority level select circuit selects the highest priority interrupt when two or more interrupt requests are sampled at the same sampling point. Figure 10.10 shows the Interrupts Priority Select Circuit. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 92 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Priority level of each interrupt Level 0 (initial value) 10. Interrupts Highest INT1 Timer B2 Timer B0, SI/O6 (2) Timer A3, INT6 (2) Timer A1 UART1 reception, ACK1 UART0 reception, ACK0 UART2 reception, ACK2 INT2 INT0 Timer B1, INT8 (2) Timer A4 Timer A2, INT7 (2) Timer A0 UART1 transmission, NACK1 UART0 transmission, NACK0 A/D conversion, Key input (1) DMA1 Priority of peripheral function interrupts (if priority levels are same) UART2 bus collision detection CAN1 successful reception, SI/O4, INT5 Timer B4, UART1 bus collision detection INT3 CAN0 successful reception UART2 transmission, NACK2 CAN0/1 error (, Key input) (1) DMA0 CAN1 successful transmission, SI/O3, INT4 Timer B3, UART0 bus collision detection Timer B5, SI/O5 (2) CAN0 successful transmission CAN0/1 wake-up Lowest IPL Interrupt request level resolution output to clock generation circuit (Figure 8.1 Clock Generation Circuit) I Flag Interrupt request accepted Address match Oscillation stop and re-oscillation detection Watchdog timer DBC NMI NOTES: 1. If the PCLK6 bit in the PCLKR register is set to 1, the priority level of key input interrupt can be changed. 2. SI/O5, SI/O6 and INT6 to INT8 are only in the 128-pin version. Figure 10.10 Interrupts Priority Select Circuit Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 93 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 10. Interrupts ______ 10.6 INT Interrupt _______ INTi interrupt (i = 0 to 8) (1) is triggered by the edges of external inputs. The edge polarity is selected using bits IFSR10 to IFSR15 in the IFSR1 register and bits IFSR23 to IFSR25 in the IFSR2 register. ________ INT4 share the interrupt vector and interrupt control register with CAN1 successful________ transmission and SI/O3, ________ ________ INT5 share with CAN1 successful reception and SI/O4, INT6 share with timer A3, INT7 share with timer A2, ________ ________ ________ INT8 share with timer B1. To use the INT4 to INT8 interrupts (1), set the each________ bits as follows. ________ * To use the ________ INT4 interrupt: Set the IFSR16 bit in the IFSR1 register to 1 (INT4). ________ * To use the ________ INT5 interrupt: Set the IFSR17 bit in the IFSR1 register to 1 (INT5). ________ (1) * To use the ________ INT6 interrupt: Set the IFSR21 bit in the IFSR2 register to 1 (INT6). ________ (1) * To use the ________ INT7 interrupt: Set the IFSR20 bit in the IFSR2 register to 1 (INT7). ________ * To use the INT8 interrupt: Set the IFSR22 bit in the IFSR2 register to 1 (INT8). (1) After modifying bits IFSR16, IFSR17, IFSR20, IFSR21, and IFSR22, set the corresponding IR bit to 0 (interrupt not requested) before enabling the interrupt. NOTE: ________ ________ 1. INT6 to INT8 interrupts are only in the 128-pin version. Figures 10.11 to 10.13 show Registers IFSR0, IFSR1, and IFSR2. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 94 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 10. Interrupts Interrupt Source Select Register 0 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol IFSR0 Address 01DEh Function RW IFSR00 Interrupt request source select bit (1) 0 : CAN1 successful transmission 1 : SI/O3 RW IFSR01 Interrupt request source select bit (2) 0 : A/D conversion 1 : Key input RW IFSR02 Interrupt request source select bit (3) 0 : CAN0/1 wake-up or error 1 : CAN0 wake-up/error or CAN1 wake-up/error RW IFSR03 Interrupt request source select bit (4) 0 : CAN1 successful reception 1 : SI/O4 RW IFSR04 Interrupt request source select bit (5) 0 : Timer B5 1 : SI/O5 RW IFSR05 Interrupt request source select bit (6) 0 : Timer B0 1 : SI/O6 RW IFSR06 Interrupt request source select bit (7) 0 : Timer B3 1 : UART0 bus collision detection RW IFSR07 Interrupt request source select bit (8) 0 : Timer B4 1 : UART1 bus collision detection RW Bit Symbol Bit Name After Reset 00h NOTES: 1.When the IFSR16 bit in the IFSR1 register = 0, CAN1 successful transmission and SI/O3 share the vector and interrupt control register. When using the CAN1 successful transmission interrupt, set the IFSR00 bit to 0 (CAN1 successful transmission). When using SI/O3 interrupt, set the IFSR00 bit to 1 (SI/O3). 2.When the PCLK6 bit in the PCLKR register = 0, A/D conversion and key input share the vector and interrupt control register. When using the A/D conversion interrupt, set the IFSR01 bit to 0 (A/D conversion). When using the key input interrupt, set the IFSR01 bit to 1 (key input). 3.If this bit is set to 0, the software interrupt number 1 is selected CAN0/1 wake-up and the interrupt number 13 is selected CAN0/1 error. If this bit is set to 1, the interrupt number 1 is selected CAN0 wake-up/error and the interrupt number 13 is selected CAN1 wake-up/error. 4.When the IFSR17 bit in the IFSR1 register = 0, CAN1 successful reception and SI/O4 share the vector and interrupt control register. When using the CAN1 successful reception interrupt, set the IFSR03 bit to 0 (CAN1 successful reception). When using SI/O4 interrupt, set the IFSR03 bit to 1 (SI/O4). 5.Timer B5 and SI/O5 share the vector and interrupt control register. When using the timer B5 interrupt, set the IFSR04 bit to 0 (timer B5). When using SI/O5 interrupt, set the IFSR04 bit to 1 (SI/O5). The SI/O5 interrupt is only in the 128-pin version. In the 100-pin version, set the IFSR04 bit to 0 (timer B5). 6.Timer B0 and SI/O6 share the vector and interrupt control register. When using the timer B0 interrupt, set the IFSR05 bit to 0 (timer B0). When using SI/O6 interrupt, set the IFSR05 bit to 1 (SI/O6). The SI/O6 interrupt is only in the 128-pin version. In the 100-pin version, set the IFSR05 bit to 0 (timer B0). 7.Timer B3 and UART0 bus collision detection share the vector and interrupt control register. When using the timer B3 interrupt, set the IFSR06 bit to 0 (timer B3). When using UART0 bus collision detection, set the IFSR06 bit to 1 (UART0 bus collision detection). 8.Timer B4 and UART1 bus collision detection share the vector and interrupt control register. When using the timer B4 interrupt, set the IFSR07 bit to 0 (timer B4). When using UART1 bus collision detection, set the IFSR07 bit to 1 (UART1 bus collision detection). Figure 10.11 IFSR0 Register Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 95 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 10. Interrupts Interrupt Source Select Register 1 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol IFSR1 Bit Symbol Address 01DFh Bit Name After Reset 00h Function RW IFSR10 INT0 interrupt polarity switching bit 0 : One edge 1 : Both edges (1) RW IFSR11 INT1 interrupt polarity switching bit 0 : One edge 1 : Both edges (1) RW IFSR12 INT2 interrupt polarity switching bit 0 : One edge 1 : Both edges (1) RW IFSR13 INT3 interrupt polarity switching bit 0 : One edge 1 : Both edges (1) RW IFSR14 INT4 interrupt polarity switching bit 0 : One edge 1 : Both edges (1) RW IFSR15 INT5 interrupt polarity switching bit 0 : One edge 1 : Both edges (1) RW IFSR16 Interrupt request source select bit (2) 0 : CAN1 successful transmission/SI/O3 (3) 1 : INT4 RW IFSR17 Interrupt request source select bit (4) 0 : CAN1 successful reception/SI/O4 (5) 1 : INT5 RW NOTES: 1.When setting this bit to 1 (both edges), make sure the POL bit in registers INT0IC to INT5IC is set to 0 (falling edge). 2.CAN1 successful transmission, SI/O3 and INT4 share the vector and interrupt control register. When using CAN1 successful transmission or SI/O3 interrupt, set the IFSR16 bit to 0 (CAN1 successful transmission, SI/O3). When using INT4 interrupt, set the IFSR16 bit to 1 (INT4). During memory expansion and microprocessor modes, when the data bus is 16-bit width (BYTE pin is "L"), set this bit to 0 (CAN1 successful transmission, SI/O3). * Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. 3.When setting this bit to 0 (CAN1 successful transmission, SI/O3), make sure the IFSR00 bit in the IFSR0 register is set to 0 (CAN1 successful transmission) or 1 (SI/O3). And, make sure the POL bit in the C1TRMIC and S3IC registers are set to 0 (falling edge). 4.CAN1 successful reception, SI/O4 and INT5 share the vector and interrupt control register. When using the CAN1 successful reception or SI/O4 interrupt, set the IFSR17 bit to 0 (CAN1 successful reception, SI/O4). When using INT5 interrupt, set the IFSR17 bit to 1 (INT5). During memory expansion and microprocessor modes, when the data bus is 16-bit width (BYTE pin is "L"), set this bit to 0 (CAN1 successful reception, SI/O4). * Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. 5.When setting this bit to 0 (CAN1 successful reception, SI/O4), make sure the IFSR03 bit in the IFSR0 register is set to 0 (CAN1 successful reception) or 1 (SI/O4). And, make sure the POL bit in registers C1TRMIC and S4IC are set to 0 (falling edge). Figure 10.12 IFSR1 Register Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 96 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 10. Interrupts Interrupt Source Select Register 2 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol IFSR2 Bit Symbol Address 01CFh After Reset X0000000b Bit Name Function RW IFSR20 Interrupt request source select bit (2) (6) 0 : Timer A2 1 : INT7 RW IFSR21 Interrupt request source select bit (3) (6) 0 : Timer A3 1 : INT6 RW IFSR22 Interrupt request source select bit (4) (6) 0 : Timer B1 1 : INT8 RW IFSR23 INT6 interrupt polarity switching bit (1) (6) 0 : One edge 1 : Both edges RW IFSR24 INT7 interrupt polarity switching bit (1) (6) 0 : One edge 1 : Both edges RW IFSR25 INT8 interrupt polarity switching bit (1) (6) 0 : One edge 1 : Both edges RW IFSR26 Interrupt request source select bit (5) 0 : CAN0/1 error 1 : key input RW (b7) Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. - NOTES: 1.When setting this bit to 1 (both edges), make sure the POL bit in registers INT6IC to INT8IC are set to 0 (falling edge). Registers INT6IC to INT8IC are only in the 128-pin version. In the 100-pin version, make sure bits IFSR23 to IFSR25 are set to 0 (one edge). 2.Timer A2 and INT7 share the vector and interrupt control register. When using the timer A2 interrupt, set the IFSR20 bit to 0 (timer A2). When using INT7 interrupt, set the IFSR20 bit to 1 (INT7). The INT7 interrupt is only in the 128-pin version. In the 100-pin version, set the IFSR20 bit to 0 (timer A2). 3.Timer A3 and INT6 share the vector and interrupt control register. When using the timer A3 interrupt, set the IFSR21 bit to 0 (timer A3). When using INT6 interrupt, set the IFSR21 bit to 1 (INT6). The INT6 interrupt is only in the 128-pin version. In the 100-pin version, set the IFSR21 bit to 0 (timer A3). 4.Timer B1 and INT8 share the vector and interrupt control register. When using the timer B1 interrupt, set the IFSR22 bit to 0 (timer B1). When using INT8 interrupt, set the IFSR22 bit to 1 (INT8). The INT8 interrupt is only in the 128-pin version. In the 100-pin version, set the IFSR22 bit to 0 (timer B1). 5.When the PCLK6 bit in the PCLKR register = 1, CAN0/1 error and key input share the vector and interrupt control register. When using the CAN0/1 error interrupt, set the IFSR26 bit to 0 (CAN0/1 error). When using the key input interrupt, set the IFSR26 bit to 1 (key input). 6.When using the INT6 to INT8 interrupts, set these bits after setting the PU37 bit in the PUR3 register to 1. Figure 10.13 IFSR2 Register Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 97 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 10. Interrupts ______ 10.7_______ NMI Interrupt _______ ______ An NMI interrupt request is generated when input on the NMI pin changes state from high to low. The NMI interrupt is a non-maskable interrupt. _______ The input level of this NMI interrupt input pin can be read by accessing the P8_5 bit in the P8 register. This pin cannot be used as an input port. 10.8 Key Input Interrupt Of P10_4 to P10_7, a key input interrupt request is generated when input on any of pins P10_4 to P10_7 which has had bits PD10_4 to PD10_7 in the PD10 register set to 0 (input) goes low. Key input interrupts can be used as a key-on wake up function, the function which gets the MCU out of wait or stop mode. However, if you intend to use the key input interrupt, do not use P10_4 to P10_7 as analog input ports. Figure 10.14 shows the Key Input Interrupt Block Diagram. Note, however, that while input on any pin which has had bits PD10_4 to PD10_7 set to 0 (input mode) is pulled low, inputs on all other pins of the port are not detected as interrupts. PU25 bit in PUR2 register Pull-up transistor KUPIC register PD10_7 bit in PD10 register PD10_7 bit in PD10 register KI3 PD10_6 bit in PD10 register Pull-up transistor Interrupt control circuit KI2 Pull-up transistor PD10_5 bit in PD10 register Pull-up transistor PD10_4 bit in PD10 register Key input interrupt request KI1 KI0 Figure 10.14 Key Input Interrupt Block Diagram 10.9 CAN0/1 Wake-up Interrupt CAN0/1 wake-up interrupt request is generated when a falling edge is input to CRX0 or CRX1. One interrupt is allocated to CAN0/1. The CAN0/1 wake-up interrupt is enabled only when the PortEn bit = 1 (CTX/CRX function) and Sleep bit = 1 (sleep mode enabled) in the CiCTLR register (i = 0, 1). Figure 10.15 shows the CAN0/1 Wake-up Interrupt Block Diagram. Please note that the wake-up message will be lost. Sleep bit in C0CTLR register PortEn bit in C0CTLR register C01WKIC register CRX0 Sleep bit in C1CTLR register PortEn bit in C1CTLR register CRX1 Figure 10.15 CAN0/1 Wake-up Interrupt Block Diagram Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 98 of 378 Interrupt control circuit CAN0/1 wake-up interrupt request M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 10. Interrupts 10.10 Address Match Interrupt An address match interrupt request is generated immediately before executing the instruction at the address indicated by the RMADi register (i = 0 to 3). Set the start address of any instruction in the RMADi register. Use bits AIER0 and AIER1 in the AIER register and bits AIER20 and AIER21 in the AIER2 register to enable or disable the interrupt. Note that the address match interrupt is unaffected by the I flag and IPL. For address match interrupts, the value of the PC that is saved to the stack area varies depending on the instruction being executed (refer to 10.5.7 Saving Registers). (The value of the PC that is saved to the stack area is not the correct return address.) Therefore, follow one of the methods described below to return from the address match interrupt. * Rewrite the content of the stack and then use the REIT instruction to return. * Restore the stack to its previous state before the interrupt request was accepted by using the POP or similar other instruction and then use a jump instruction to return. Table 10.6 shows the Value of PC that is Saved to Stack Area when Address Match Interrupt Request is Accepted. Table 10.7 shows the Relationship between Address Match Interrupt Sources and Associated Registers. Note that when using the external bus in 8-bit width, no address match interrupts can be used for external areas. (External bus is available Nomal-ver. only.) Figure 10.16 shows Registers AIER, AIER2, and RMAD0 to RMAD3. Table 10.6 Value of PC that is Saved to Stack Area when Address Match Interrupt Request is Accepted Instruction at Address Indicated by RMADi Register Value of PC that is Saved to Stack Area * 16-bit operation code instruction Address indicated by RMADi register + 2 * Instruction shown below among 8-bit operation code instructions ADD.B:S #IMM8,dest SUB.B:S #IMM8,dest AND.B:S #IMM8,dest STZ.B:S #IMM8,dest OR.B:S #IMM8,dest MOV.B:S #IMM8,dest STNZ.B:S #IMM8,dest STZX.B:S #IMM81,#IMM82,dest CMP.B:S #IMM8,dest PUSHM src JMPS #IMM8 JSRS #IMM8 MOV.B:S #IMM,dest (However, dest = A0 or A1) POPM dest Address indicated by RMADi register + 1 Value of PC that is saved to stack area: Refer to 10.5.7 Saving Registers. Instructions other than the above Table 10.7 Relationship between Address Match Interrupt Sources and Associated Registers Address Match Interrupt Sources Address match interrupt 0 Address match interrupt 1 Address match interrupt 2 Address match interrupt 3 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 Address Match Interrupt Enable Bit Address Match Interrupt Register AIER0 RMAD0 AIER1 RMAD1 AIER20 RMAD2 AIER21 RMAD3 page 99 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 10. Interrupts Address Match Interrupt Enable Register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol AIER Address 0009h After Reset XXXXXX00b Bit Symbol Bit Name AIER0 AIER1 - Function RW Address match interrupt 0 enable bit 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled RW Address match interrupt 1 enable bit 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled RW Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. (b7-b2) - Address Match Interrupt Enable Register 2 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol AIER2 Address 01BBh After Reset XXXXXX00b Bit Symbol Bit Name Function RW AIER20 Address match interrupt 2 enable bit 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled RW AIER21 Address match interrupt 3 enable bit 0 : Interrupt disabled 1 : Interrupt enabled RW - Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. (b7-b2) Address Match Interrupt Register i (i = 0 to 3) (b23) b7 (b19) b3 (b16)(b15) b0 b7 (b8) b0 b7 Bit Symbol (b19-b0) (b23-b20) b0 Symbol RMAD0 RMAD1 RMAD2 RMAD3 page 100 of 378 After Reset X00000h X00000h X00000h X00000h Setting Range 00000h to FFFFFh Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. Figure 10.16 Registers AIER, AIER2, and RMAD0 to RMAD3 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 Address 0012h to 0010h 0016h to 0014h 01BAh to 01B8h 01BEh to 01BCh Function Address setting register for address match interrupt - RW RW - M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 11. Watchdog Timer 11. Watchdog Timer The watchdog timer is the function of detecting when the program is out of control. Therefore, we recommend using the watchdog timer to improve reliability of a system. The watchdog timer contains a 15-bit counter which counts down the clock derived by dividing the CPU clock using the prescaler. Whether to generate a watchdog timer interrupt request or apply a watchdog timer reset as an operation to be performed when the watchdog timer underflows after reaching the terminal count can be selected using the PM12 bit in the PM1 register. The PM12 bit can only be set to 1 (watchdog timer reset). Once this bit is set to 1, it cannot be set to 0 (watchdog timer interrupt) in a program. Refer to 5.3 Watchdog Timer Reset for details about watchdog timer reset. When the main clock, on-chip oscillator clock or PLL clock is selected for CPU clock, the divide-by-n value for the prescaler can be selected to be 16 or 128. If a sub clock is selected for CPU clock, the divide-by-n value for the prescaler is always 2 no matter how the WDC7 bit is set. The period of watchdog timer can be calculated as given below. The period of watchdog timer is, however, subject to an error due to the prescaler. With main clock, on-chip oscillator clock or PLL clock selected for CPU clock Watchdog timer period = Prescaler dividing (16 or 128) Watchdog timer count (32768) CPU clock With sub clock selected for CPU clock Watchdog timer period = Prescaler dividing (2) Watchdog timer count (32768) CPU clock For example, when CPU clock = 16 MHz and the divide-by-n value for the prescaler = 16, the watchdog timer period is approx. 32.8 ms. The watchdog timer is initialized by writing to the WDTS register. The prescaler is initialized after reset. Note that the watchdog timer and the prescaler both are inactive after reset, so that the watchdog timer is activated to start counting by writing to the WDTS register. In stop mode, wait mode and hold state, the watchdog timer and prescaler are stopped. Counting is resumed from the held value when the modes or state are released. Figure 11.1 shows the Watchdog Timer Block Diagram. Figure 11.2 shows Registers WDC and WDTS. Prescaler 1/16 CPU clock HOLD 1/128 1/2 CM07 = 0 WDC7 = 0 CM07 = 0 WDC7 = 1 PM22 = 0 CM07 = 1 PM12 = 0 Watchdog timer Interrupt request Watchdog timer PM22 = 1 On-chip oscillator clock Write to WDTS register Internal RESET signal ("L" active) CM07 : Bit in CM0 register WDC7 : Bit in WDC register PM12 : Bit in PM1 register PM22 : Bit in PM2 register Figure 11.1 Watchdog Timer Block Diagram Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 101 of 378 Set to 7FFFh PM12 = 1 Watchdog timer Reset M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 11. Watchdog Timer Watchdog Timer Control Register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 0 0 Symbol WDC Address 000Fh Bit Symbol After Reset 00XXXXXXb Function Bit Name RW (b4-b0) High-order bits of watchdog timer RO (b6-b5) Reserved bits Set to 0 RW WDC7 Prescaler select bit 0 : Divide-by-16 1 : Divide-by-128 RW Watchdog Timer Start Register (1) b7 b0 Symbol WDTS Address 000Eh After Reset Undefined Function RW The watchdog timer is initialized and starts counting after a write instruction to this register. The watchdog timer value is always initialized to 7FFFh regardless WO of whatever value is written. NOTE 1. Write to the WDTS register after the watchdog timer interrupt request is generated. Figure 11.2 Registers WDC and WDTS 11.1 Count Source Protective Mode In this mode, a on-chip oscillator clock is used for the watchdog timer count source. The watchdog timer can be kept being clocked even when CPU clock stops as a result of runaway. Before this mode can be used, the following register settings are required: (1) Set the PRC1 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (write to registers PM1 and PM2 enabled). (2) Set the PM12 bit in the PM1 register to 1 (reset when the watchdog timer underflows). (3) Set the PM22 bit in the PM2 register to 1 (on-chip oscillator clock used for the watchdog timer count source). (4) Set the PRC1 bit in the PRCR register to 0 (write to registers PM1 and PM2 disabled). (5) Write to the WDTS register (watchdog timer starts counting). Setting the PM22 bit to 1 results in the following conditions: * The on-chip oscillator starts oscillating, and the on-chip oscillator clock becomes the watchdog timer count source. Watchdog timer count (32768) Watchdog timer period = On-chip oscillator clock * The CM10 bit in the CM1 register is disabled against write. (Writing a 1 has no effect, nor is stop mode entered.) * The watchdog timer does not stop when in wait mode or hold state. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 102 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 12. DMAC 12. DMAC The DMAC (Direct Memory Access Controller) allows data to be transferred without the CPU intervention. Two DMAC channels are included. Each time a DMA request occurs, the DMAC transfers one (8- or 16-bit) data from the source address to the destination address. The DMAC uses the same data bus as used by the CPU. Because the DMAC has higher priority of bus control than the CPU and because it makes use of a cycle steal method, it can transfer one word (16 bits) or one byte (8 bits) of data within a very short time after a DMA request is generated. Figure 12.1 shows the DMAC Block Diagram. Table 12.1 lists the DMAC Specifications. Figures 12.2 to 12.4 show the DMAC related-registers. Address bus DMA0 source pointer SAR0 DMA0 destination pointer DAR0 DMA0 forward address pointer (1) DMA0 transfer counter reload register TCR0 DMA1 source pointer SAR1 DMA0 transfer counter TCR0 DMA1 destination pointer DAR1 DMA1 transfer counter reload register TCR1 DMA1 forward address pointer (1) DMA1 transfer counter TCR1 DMA latch high-order bits DMA latch low-order bits Data bus low-order bits Data bus high-order bits NOTE: 1.Pointer is incremented by a DMA request. Figure 12.1 DMAC Block Diagram A DMA request is generated by a write to the DSR bit in the DMiSL register (i = 0, 1), as well as by an interrupt request which is generated by any function specified by bits DMS, and DSEL3 to DSEL0 in the DMiSL register. However, unlike in the case of interrupt requests, DMA requests are not affected by the I flag and the interrupt control register, so that even when interrupt requests are disabled and no interrupt request can be accepted, DMA requests are always accepted. Furthermore, because the DMAC does not affect interrupts, the IR bit in the interrupt control register does not change state due to a DMA transfer. A data transfer is initiated each time a DMA request is generated when the DMAE bit in the DMiCON register = 1 (DMA enabled). However, if the cycle in which a DMA request is generated is faster than the DMA transfer cycle, the number of transfer requests generated and the number of times data is transferred may not match. For details, refer to 12.4 DMA Request. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 103 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 12. DMAC Table 12.1 DMAC Specifications Item Specification No. of channels 2 (cycle steal method) Transfer memory space * From given address in the 1-Mbyte space to a fixed address * From a fixed address to given address in the 1-Mbyte space * From a fixed address to a fixed address Maximum no. of bytes transferred 128 Kbytes (with 16-bit transfer) or 64 Kbytes (with 8-bit transfer) ________ ________ (1) (2) DMA request sources Falling edge of INT0 or INT1 ________ ________ Both edge of INT0 or INT1 Timers A0 to A4 interrupt requests Timers B0 to B5 interrupt requests UART0 transmit, UART0 receive interrupt requests UART1 transmit, UART1 receive interrupt requests UART2 transmit, UART2 receive interrupt requests SI/O3, SI/O4 interrupt requests Channel priority Transfer unit Transfer address direction Transfer mode Single transfer A/D conversion interrupt requests Software triggers DMA0 > DMA1 (DMA0 takes precedence) 8 bits or 16 bits forward or fixed (The source and destination addresses cannot both be in the forward direction.) Transfer is completed when the DMAi transfer counter underflows after reaching the terminal count. Repeat transfer When the DMAi transfer counter underflows, it is reloaded with the value of the DMAi transfer counter reload register and a DMA transfer is continued with it. DMA interrupt request When the DMAi transfer counter underflowed generation timing DMA start up Data transfer is initiated each time a DMA request is generated when the The DMAE bit in the DMAiCON register = 1 (enabled). DMA shutdown Single transfer * When the DMAE bit is set to 0 (disabled) * After the DMAi transfer counter underflows Repeat transfer Reload timing for forward address pointer and transfer counter When the DMAE bit is set to 0 (disabled) When a data transfer is started after setting the DMAE bit to 1 (enabled), the forward address pointer is reloaded with the value of the SARi or the DARi pointer whichever is specified to be in the forward direction and the DMAi transfer counter is reloaded with the value of the DMAi transfer counter reload register. Minimum 3 cycles between SFR and internal RAM DMA transfer cycles i = 0, 1 NOTES: 1. DMA transfer is not effective to any interrupt. DMA transfer is affected neither by the I flag nor by the interrupt control register. 2. The selectable DMA request sources differ with each channel. 3. Make sure that no DMAC-related registers (addresses 0020h to 003Fh) are accessed by the DMAC. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 104 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 12. DMAC DMA0 Request Source Select Register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol DM0SL Address 03B8h Bit Symbol After Reset 00h Function Bit Name DSEL0 DSEL1 DSEL2 RW DMA request source select bits See NOTE 1 - DMS DSR RW RW RW DSEL3 (b5-b4) RW Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is 0. - DMA request source expansion select bit 0 : Basic request source 1 : Extended request source Software DMA request bit A DMA request is generated by setting this bit to 1 when the DMS bit is 0 (basic source) and bits DSEL3 to DSEL0 RW are 0001b (software trigger). When read, the content is 0. RW NOTE: 1. The DMA0 request sources can be selected by a combination of the DMS bit and bits DSEL3 to DSEL0 in the manner described below. Bits DSEL3 to DSEL0 0000b 0001b 0010b 0011b 0100b 0101b 0110b 0111b 1000b 1001b 1010b 1011b 1100b 1101b 1110b 1111b DMS = 0 (basic request source) Falling edge of INT0 pin Software trigger Timer A0 Timer A1 Timer A2 Timer A3 Timer A4 Timer B0 Timer B1 Timer B2 UART0 transmit UART0 receive UART2 transmit UART2 receive A/D conversion UART1 transmit Figure 12.2 DM0SL Register Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 105 of 378 DMS = 1 (extended request source) - - - - - - Two edges of INT0 pin Timer B3 Timer B4 Timer B5 - - - - - - M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 12. DMAC DMA1 Request Source Select Register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol DM1SL Address 03BAh Bit Symbol After Reset 00h Function Bit Name RW DSEL0 DSEL1 DSEL2 RW DMA request source select bits RW See NOTE 1 RW RW DSEL3 (b5-b4) Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is 0. - DMS DMA request source expansion select bit 0 : Basic request source 1 : Extended request source RW DSR Software DMA request bit A DMA request is generated by setting this bit to 1 when the DMS bit is 0 (basic source) and the DSEL3 to DSEL0 bits are 0001b (software trigger). When read, the content is 0. RW NOTE: 1. The DMA1 request sources can be selected by a combination of the DMS bit and bits DSEL3 to DSEL0 in the manner described below. Bits DSEL3 to DSEL0 0000b 0001b 0010b 0011b 0100b 0101b 0110b 0111b 1000b 1001b 1010b 1011b 1100b 1101b 1110b 1111b DMS = 0 (basic request source) Falling edge of INT1 pin Software trigger Timer A0 Timer A1 Timer A2 Timer A3 Timer A4 Timer B0 Timer B1 Timer B2 UART0 transmit UART0 receive/ACK0 UART2 transmit UART2 receive/ACK2 A/D conversion UART1 receive/ACK1 DMS = 1 (extended request source) - - - - - SI/O3 SI/O4 Two edges of INT1 pin - - - - - - - - DMAi Control Register (i = 0, 1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol DM0CON DM1CON Bit Symbol Address 002Ch 003Ch After Reset 00000X00b 00000X00b Function Bit Name RW DMBIT Transfer unit bit select bit 0 : 16 bits 1 : 8 bits RW DMASL Repeat transfer mode select bit 0 : Single transfer 1 : Repeat transfer RW DMAS DMA request bit 0 : DMA not requested 1 : DMA requested DMAE DMA enable bit 0 : Disabled 1 : Enabled RW DSD Source address direction select bit (2) 0 : Fixed 1 : Forward RW DAD Destination address direction select bit (2) 0 : Fixed 1 : Forward RW (b7-b6) RW (1) Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is 0. NOTES: 1. The DMAS bit can be set to 0 by writing 0 in a program. (This bit remains unchanged even if 1 is written.) 2. At least one of bits DAD and DSD is set to 0 (address direction fixed). Figure 12.3 Registers DM1SL, DM0CON, and DM1CON Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 106 of 378 - M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 12. DMAC DMAi Source Pointer (i = 0, 1) (1) (b23) b7 (b19) b3 (b16)(b15) b0 b7 (b8) b0 b7 b0 Symbol SAR0 SAR1 Address 0022h to 0020h 0032h to 0030h Function After Reset Undefined Undefined Setting Range Set the source address of transfer 00000h to FFFFFh Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is 0. RW RW - NOTE: 1. If the DSD bit in the DMiCON register is 0 (fixed), this register can only be written to when the DMAE bit in the DMiCON register is 0 (DMA disabled). If the DSD bit is 1 (forward direction), this register can be written to at any time. If the DSD bit is 1 and the DMAE bit is 1 (DMA enabled), the DMAi forward address pointer can be read from this register. Otherwise, the value written to it can be read. DMAi Destination Pointer (i = 0, 1) (1) (b23) b7 (b19) b3 (b16)(b15) b0 b7 (b8) b0 b7 b0 Symbol DAR0 DAR1 Address 0026h to 0024h 0036h to 0034h Function After Reset Undefined Undefined Setting Range 00000h to FFFFFh Set the destination address of transfer Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is 0. RW RW - NOTE: 1. If the DAD bit in the DMiCON register is 0 (fixed), this register can only be written to when the DMAE bit in the DMiCON register is 0 (DMA disabled). If the DAD bit is 1 (forward direction), this register can be written to at any time. If the DAD bit is 1 and the DMAE bit is 1 (DMA enabled), the DMAi forward address pointer can be read from this register. Otherwise, the value written to it can be read. DMAi Transfer Counter (i = 0, 1) (b15) b7 (b8) b0 b7 b0 Symbol TCR0 TCR1 Address 0029h, 0028h 0039h, 0038h Function Set the transfer count minus 1. The written value is stored in the DMAi transfer counter reload register, and when the DMAE bit in the DMiCON register is set to 1 (DMA enabled) or the DMAi transfer counter underflows when the DMASL bit in the DMiCON register is 1 (repeat transfer), the value of the DMAi transfer counter reload register is transferred to the DMAi transfer counter. When read, the DMAi transfer counter is read. Figure 12.4 Registers SAR0, SAR1, DAR0, DAR1, TCR0, and TCR1 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 107 of 378 After Reset Undefined Undefined Setting Range 0000h to FFFFh RW RW M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 12. DMAC 12.1 Transfer Cycle The transfer cycle consists of a memory or SFR read (source read) bus cycle and a write (destination write) bus cycle. The number of read and write bus cycles is affected by the source and destination addresses of transfer. During memory expansion and microprocessor modes, it is________ also affected by the BYTE pin level (1). Furthermore, the bus cycle itself is extended by a software wait or RDY signal (2). NOTES: 1. Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. 2. Not available the bus control pins in T/V-ver.. 12.1.1 Effect of Source and Destination Addresses If the transfer unit and data bus both are 16 bits and the source address of transfer begins with an odd address, the source read cycle consists of one more bus cycle than when the source address of transfer begins with an even address. Similarly, if the transfer unit and data bus both are 16 bits and the destination address of transfer begins with an odd address, the destination write cycle consists of one more bus cycle than when the destination address of transfer begins with an even address. 12.1.2 Effect of BYTE Pin Level (1) During memory expansion and microprocessor modes, if 16 bits of data are to be transferred on an 8-bit data bus (input on the BYTE pin = high), the operation is accomplished by transferring 8 bits of data twice. Therefore, this operation requires two bus cycles to read data and two bus cycles to write data. Furthermore, if the DMAC is to access the internal area (internal ROM, internal RAM, or SFR), unlike in the case of the CPU, the DMAC does it through the data bus width selected by the BYTE pin. NOTE: 1. Not available the bus control pins in T/V-ver.. 12.1.3 Effect of Software Wait For memory or SFR accesses in which one or more software wait states are inserted, the number of bus cycles required for that access increases by an amount equal to software wait states. ________ 12.1.4 Effect of RDY Signal (1) During memory________ expansion and microprocessor modes, DMA transfers to and from an external area are ________ affected by the RDY signal. Refer to 7.2.6 RDY Signal. NOTE: 1. Not available the bus control pins in T/V-ver.. Figure 12.5 shows the Transfer Cycles for Source Read. For convenience, the destination write cycle is shown as one cycle and the source read cycles for the different conditions are shown. In reality, the destination write cycle is subject to the same conditions as the source read cycle, with the transfer cycle changing accordingly. When calculating transfer cycles, take into consideration each condition for the source read and the destination write cycle, respectively. For example, when data is transferred in 16-bit unit using an 8-bit bus ((2) on Figure 12.5), two source read bus cycles and two destination write bus cycles are required. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 108 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 12. DMAC (1) When the transfer unit is 8 or 16 bits and the source of transfer is an even address BCLK Address bus CPU use Source Dummy cycle Destination CPU use RD signal WR signal Data bus CPU use Source Dummy cycle Destination CPU use (2) When the transfer unit is 16 bits and the source address of transfer is an odd address, or when the transfer unit is 16 bits and an 8-bit bus is used BCLK Address bus CPU use Source Source + 1 Destination Dummy cycle CPU use RD signal WR signal Data bus CPU use Source Source + 1 Destination Dummy cycle CPU use (3) When the source read cycle under condition (1) has one wait state inserted BCLK Address bus CPU use Source Destination Dummy cycle CPU use RD signal WR signal Data bus CPU use Source Destination Dummy cycle CPU use (4) When the source read cycle under condition (2) has one wait state inserted BCLK Address bus CPU use Source Source + 1 Destination Dummy cycle CPU use RD signal WR signal Data bus CPU use Source Source + 1 Destination Dummy cycle CPU use NOTE: 1. The same timing changes occur with the respective conditions at the destination as at the source. Figure 12.5 Transfer Cycles for Source Read Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 109 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 12. DMAC 12.2 DMA Transfer Cycles Any combination of even or odd transfer read and write addresses is possible. Table 12.2 lists the DMA Transfer Cycles. Table 12.3 lists the Coefficient j, k. The number of DMAC transfer cycles can be calculated as follows: No. of transfer cycles per transfer unit = No. of read cycles j + No. of write cycles k Table 12.2 DMA Transfer Cycles Single-chip Mode Transfer Unit Bus Width Access Address Memory Expansion Mode Microprocessor Mode (1) No. of Read No. of Write No. of Read No. of Write Cycles Cycles Cycles Cycles 8-bit transfer (DMBIT =1) 16-bit transfer 16 bits Even 1 1 1 1 (BYTE = L) 8 bits Odd Even 1 - 1 - 1 1 1 1 (BYTE= H) 16 bits Odd Even 1 1 1 1 1 1 (BYTE =L) Odd 2 2 2 2 8 bits Even - - 2 2 (BYTE = H) Odd - - 2 2 (DMBIT = 0) -: This condition does not exist. NOTE: 1. Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. Table 12.3 Coefficient j, k Internal Area Internal ROM, RAM External Area SFR (3) Separate Bus Multiplexed Bus (2) No Wait With Wait 1 Wait (1) 2 Waits (1) No Wait j 1 2 2 3 1 k 1 2 2 3 2 With Wait With Wait (2) 1 Wait 2 Waits 3 Waits 1 Wait 2 Waits 3 Waits 2 3 4 3 3 4 2 3 NOTES: 1. Depends on the set value of the PM20 bit in the PM2 register. 2. Depends on the set value of the CSE register. 3. Not available external area in T/V-ver.. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 110 of 378 4 3 3 4 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 12. DMAC 12.3 DMA Enable When a data transfer starts after setting the DMAE bit in the DMiCON register (i = 0, 1) to 1 (enabled), the DMAC operates as follows: (1) Reload the forward address pointer with the SARi register value when the DSD bit in the DMiCON register is 1 (forward) or the DARi register value when the DAD bit in the DMiCON register is 1 (forward). (2) Reload the DMAi transfer counter with the DMAi transfer counter reload register value. If the DMAE bit is set to 1 again while it remains set, the DMAC performs the above operation. However, if a DMA request may occur simultaneously when the DMAE bit is being written, follow the steps below. Step 1: Write 1 to the DMAE bit and DMAS bit in the DMiCON register simultaneously. Step 2: Make sure that the DMAi is in an initial state as described above (1) and (2) in a program. If the DMAi is not in an initial state, the above steps should be repeated. 12.4 DMA Request The DMAC can generate a DMA request as triggered by the request source that is selected with bits DMS, and DSEL3 to DSEL0 in the DMiSL register (i = 0, 1) on either channel. Table 12.4 lists the Timing at which DMAS Bit Changes State. Whenever a DMA request is generated, the DMAS bit is set to 1 (DMA requested) regardless of whether or not the DMAE bit is set. If the DMAE bit was set to 1 (enabled) when this occurred, the DMAS bit is set to 0 (DMA not requested) immediately before a data transfer starts. This bit cannot be set to 1 in a program (it can only be set to 0). The DMAS bit may be set to 1 when the DMS bit or bits DSEL3 to DSEL0 change state. Therefore, always be sure to set the DMAS bit to 0 after changing the DMS bit or bits DSEL3 to DSEL0. Because if the DMAE bit is 1, a data transfer starts immediately after a DMA request is generated, the DMAS bit in almost all cases is 0 when read in a program. Read the DMAE bit to determine whether the DMAC is enabled. Table 12.4 Timing at which DMAS Bit Changes State DMAS Bit in DMiCON Register DMA Source Timing at which the bit is set to 1 Timing at which the bit is set to 0 Software trigger Peripheral function When the DSR bit in the DMiSL register * Immediately before a data transfer starts is set to 1 * When set by writing 0 in a program When the interrupt control register for the peripheral function that is selected by bits DSEL3 to DSEL0, and DMS in the DMiSL register has its IR bit set to 1. i = 0, 1 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 111 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 12. DMAC 12.5 Channel Priority and DMA Transfer Timing If both DMA0 and DMA1 are enabled and DMA transfer request signals from DMA0 and DMA1 are detected active in the same sampling period (one period from a falling edge to the next falling edge of BCLK), the DMAS bit on each channel is set to 1 (DMA requested) at the same time. In this case, the DMA requests are arbitrated according to the channel priority, DMA0 > DMA1. The following describes DMAC operation when DMA0 and DMA1 requests are detected active in the same sampling period. Figure 12.6 shows an example of DMA Transfer by External Sources. In Figure 12.6, DMA0 request having priority is received first to start a transfer when a DMA0 request and DMA1 request are generated simultaneously. After one DMA0 transfer is completed, a bus arbitration is returned to the CPU. When the CPU has completed one bus access, a DMA1 transfer starts. After one DMA1 transfer is completed, the bus arbitration is again returned to the CPU. In addition, DMA requests cannot be counted up since each channel has one DMAS bit. Therefore, when DMA requests, as DMA1 in Figure 12.6, occurs more than one time, the DMAS bit is set to 0 as soon as getting the bus__________ arbitration. The bus arbitration is returned to the CPU when one transfer is completed. Refer to 7.2.7 HOLD Signal for details about bus arbitration between the CPU and DMA (Normal-ver. only). An example where DMA requests for external sources are detected active at the same time, a DMA transfer is executed in the shortest cycle. BCLK DMA0 DMA1 Bus arbitration CPU INT0 DMA0 request bit INT1 DMA1 request bit Figure 12.6 DMA Transfer by External Sources Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 112 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers 13. Timers Eleven 16-bit timers, each capable of operating independently of the others, can be classified by function as either timer A (five) and timer B (six). The count source for each timer acts as a clock, to control such timer operations as counting, reloading, etc. Figures 13.1 and 13.2 show the Timer A and Timer B Configurations. 1/2 Main clock f1 PLL clock On-chip oscillator clock f2 PCLK0 = 0 Clock prescaler f1 or f2 f8 1/8 1/4 1/32 XCIN PCLK0 = 1 f32 Set the CPSR bit in the CPSRF register to 1 (prescaler reset) fC32 Reset f1 or f2 f8 f32 fC32 00 01 10 11 10 Noise filter TA0IN 00 01 10 11 00 01 10 11 00 01 10 11 00 01 10 11 01: Event counter mode 11 TA0TGH to TA0TGL TMOD1 to TMOD0 00: Timer mode 10 : One-shot timer mode 11 : Pulse width modulation mode Timer A1 01 00 Timer A1 interrupt 01: Event counter mode 11 TA1TGH t0 TA1TGL 10 TMOD1 to TMOD0 00: Timer mode 10 : One-shot timer mode 11 : Pulse width modulation mode Timer A2 01 00 Timer A2 interrupt 01: Event counter mode 11 TA2TGH to TA2TGL TCK1 to TCK0 10 TMOD1 to TMOD0 00: Timer mode 10 : One-shot timer mode 11 : Pulse width modulation mode Timer A3 interrupt Timer A3 01 00 01: Event counter mode 11 TA3TGH to TA3TGL TCK1 to TCK0 10 Noise filter TMOD1 to TMOD0 00: Timer mode 10 : One-shot timer mode 11 : Pulse width modulation mode 01 00 01: Event counter mode 11 TA4TGH to TA4TGL Timer B2 overflow or underflow PCLK0: Bit in PCLKR register TCK1 to TCK0, TMOD1 to TMOD0: Bits in TAiMR register (i = 0 to 4) TAiTGH to TAiTGL: Bits in ONSF register or TRGSR register NOTE: 1. Be aware that TA0IN shares the pin with RXD2, SCL2, and TB5IN. Figure 13.1 Timer A Configuration Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 Timer A0 interrupt TCK1 to TCK0 Noise filter TA3IN Timer A0 01 00 10 Noise filter TA2IN TMOD1 to TMOD0 00: Timer mode 10 : One-shot timer mode 11 : Pulse width modulation mode TCK1 to TCK0 Noise filter TA1IN TA4IN TCK1 to TCK0 page 113 of 378 Timer A4 Timer A4 interrupt M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 1/2 Main clock f1 PLL clock On-chip oscillator clock 13. Timers PCLK0 = 0 f2 Clock prescaler f1 or f2 f8 1/8 1/4 f1 or f2 f8 f32 fC32 00 01 10 11 f32 Set the CPSR bit in the CPSRF register to 1 (prescaler reset) TMOD1 to TMOD0 00: Timer mode 10: Pulse width / period measuring mode 1 00 01 10 11 0 Timer B0 TCK1 TCK1 to TCK0 00 01 10 11 TMOD1 to TMOD0 00: Timer mode 10: Pulse width / period measuring mode Timer B1 interrupt 0 Timer B1 TCK1 TCK1 to TCK0 01: Event counter mode TMOD1 to TMOD0 00: Timer mode 10: Pulse width / period measuring mode Timer B2 interrupt 1 Noise filter TB2IN 00 01 10 11 0 Timer B2 TCK1 TCK1 to TCK0 01: Event counter mode TMOD1 to TMOD0 00: Timer mode 10: Pulse width / period measuring mode Timer B3 interrupt 1 Noise filter TB3IN 00 01 10 11 0 Timer B3 TCK1 TCK1 to TCK0 01: Event counter mode TMOD1 to TMOD0 00: Timer mode 10: Pulse width / period measuring mode Timer B4 interrupt 1 Noise filter TB4IN 00 01 10 11 0 Timer B4 TCK1 TCK1 to TCK0 01: Event counter mode TMOD1 to TMOD0 00: Timer mode 10: Pulse width / period measuring mode Timer B5 interrupt 1 TB5IN Noise filter 0 Timer B5 TCK1 01: Event counter mode PCLK0: Bit in PCLKR register TCK1 to TCK0, TMOD1 to TMOD0: Bits in TBiMR register (i = 0 to 5) NOTE: 1. Be aware that TB5IN shares the pin with RXD2, SCL2, and TA0IN. Figure 13.2 Timer B Configuration Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 114 of 378 Timer B0 interrupt 01: Event counter mode 1 Noise filter TB1IN fC32 Reset Timer B2 overflow or underflow (to a count source of the timer A) TCK1 to TCK0 Noise filter TB0IN 1/32 XCIN PCLK0 = 1 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers 13.1 Timer A Figure 13.3 shows the Timer A Block Diagram. Figures 13.4 to 13.6 show the timer A-related registers. The timer A supports the following four modes. Except in event counter mode, timers A0 to A4 all have the same function. Use bits TMOD1 to TMOD0 in the TAiMR register (i = 0 to 4) to select the desired mode. * Timer mode: The timer counts an internal count source. * Event counter mode: The timer counts pulses from an external device or overflows and underflows of other timers. * One-shot timer mode: The timer outputs a pulse only once before it reaches the minimum count 0000h. * Pulse width modulation mode: The timer outputs pulses in a given width successively. Select clock High-order bits of data bus Select clock source f1 or f2 f8 f32 fC32 TAiIN 00 01 10 11 TCK1 to TCK0 Timer : TMOD1 to TMOD0 = 00, MR2 = 0 TMOD1 to TMOD0, One shot : TMOD1 to TMOD0 = 10 MR2 Pulse width modulation : TMOD1 to TMOD0 = 11 Timer (gate function) : TMOD1 to TMOD0 = 00, MR2 = 1 Event counter : TMOD1 to TMOD0 = 01 Low-order bits of data bus Low-order 8 bits High-order 8 bits Reload register Polarity selector Counter TAiS 00 01 TB2 overflow (1) 10 TAj overflow (1) 11 TAk overflow (1) To external trigger circuit Decrement TAiTGH to TAiTGL Increment/Decrement Always counts down except in event counter mode 00 10 11 01 TAiUD TMOD1 to TMOD0 0 1 MR2 Pulse output Toggle Flip-Flop TAiOUT TCK1 to TCK0, TMOD1 to TMOD0, MR2 to MR1: Bits in TAiMR register TAiTGH to TAiTGL: Bits in ONSF register If i = 0, bits in TRGSR register if i = 1 to 4 TAiS: Bit in TABSR register TAiUD: Bit in UDF register i = 0 to 4 j = i - 1except j = 4 when i = 0 k = i + 1 except k = 0 when i = 4 NOTE: 1. Overflow or underflow Figure 13.3 Timer A Block Diagram Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 115 of 378 TAi Timer A0 Timer A1 Timer A2 Timer A3 Timer A4 Addresses 0387h - 0386h 0389h - 0388h 038Bh- 038Ah 038Dh- 038Ch 038Fh- 038Eh TAj Timer A4 Timer A0 Timer A1 Timer A2 Timer A3 TAk Timer A1 Timer A2 Timer A3 Timer A4 Timer A0 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers Timer Ai Mode Register (i = 0 to 4) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol TA0MR to TA4MR Bit Symbol Address 0396h to 039Ah After Reset 00h Bit Name Function RW b1 b0 TMOD0 0 0 : Timer mode RW 0 1 : Event counter mode Operating mode select bits 1 0 : One-shot timer mode 1 1 : Pulse width modulation mode RW TMOD1 MR0 RW MR1 MR2 Function varies depending on operating mode MR3 RW RW RW TCK0 Count source select bits TCK1 Function varies depending on operating mode RW RW Timer Ai Register (i = 0 to 4) (1) (b15) b7 (b8) b0 b7 b0 Mode Timer mode Event counter mode Symbol TA0 TA1 TA2 TA3 TA4 Address 0387h, 0386h 0389h, 0388h 038Bh, 038Ah 038Dh, 038Ch 038Fh, 038Eh Function After Reset Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Setting Range RW Divide the count source by n + 1 where n = 0000h to FFFFh set value RW Divide the count source by FFFFh - n + 1 where n = set value when counting up or by n + 1 when counting down (2) RW 0000h to FFFFh One-shot Divide the count source by n where n = set 0000h to FFFFh (3) (4) WO timer mode value and cause the timer to stop Pulse width Modify the pulse width as follows: modulation PWM period: (216 - 1) / fj High level PWM pulse width: n / fj mode (16-bit PWM ) where n = set value, fj = count source frequency 0000h to FFFEh (4) (5) WO Pulse width Modify the pulse width as follows: modulation PWM period: ( 28 - 1) (m + 1)/ fj mode High level PWM pulse width: (m + 1)n / fj (8-bit PWM ) where n = high-order address set value, m = low-order address set value, fj = count source frequency 00h to FEh (High-order address) WO 00h to FFh (4) (5) (Low-order address) NOTES: 1.The register must be accessed in 16-bit unit. 2.The timer counts pulses from an external device or overflows or underflows in other timers. 3.If the TAi register is set to 0000h, the counter does not work and timer Ai interrupt requests are not generated either. Furthermore, if "pulse output" is selected, no pulses are output from the TAiOUT pin. 4.Use the MOV instruction to write to the TAi register. 5.If the TAi register is set to 0000h, the pulse width modulator does not work, the output level on the TAiOUT pin remains low, and timer Ai interrupt requests are not generated either. The same applies when the 8 high-order bits in the TAi register are set to 00h while operating as an 8-bit pulse width modulator. Figure 13.4 Registers TA0MR to TA4MR, and TA0 to TA4 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 116 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers Count Start Flag b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol TABSR Address 0380h Bit Symbol After Reset 00h Bit Name Function RW TA0S Timer A0 count start flag TA1S Timer A1 count start flag TA2S Timer A2 count start flag RW TA3S Timer A3 count start flag RW TA4S Timer A4 count start flag RW TB0S Timer B0 count start flag RW TB1S Timer B1 count start flag RW TB2S Timer B2 count start flag RW 0 : Count stops 1 : Count starts RW RW Up/Down Flag (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol UDF Address 0384h Bit Symbol Bit Name TA0UD Timer A0 up/down flag TA1UD Timer A1 up/down flag TA2UD Timer A2 up/down flag TA3UD Timer A3 up/down flag TA4UD Timer A4 up/down flag TA2P Timer A2 two-phase pulse signal processing select bit TA3P Timer A3 two-phase pulse signal processing select bit TA4P Timer A4 two-phase pulse signal processing select bit After Reset 00h Function 0 : Down count 1 : Up count RW RW RW Enabled by setting the MR2 bit in RW the TAiMR register to 0 RW (= switching source in UDF register) during event counter mode. RW 0 : Two-phase pulse signal processing disabled 1 : Two-phase pulse signal processing enabled (2) (3) WO WO WO NOTES: 1.Use the MOV instruction to write to this register. 2.Make sure the port direction bits for pins TA2IN to TA4IN, and TA2OUT to TA4OUT are set to 0 (input mode). 3.When not using the two-phase pulse signal processing function, set the corresponding bit to timers A2 to A4 to 0. Figure 13.5 Registers TABSR and UDF Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 117 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers One-Shot Start Flag b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol ONSF Bit Symbol Address 0382h After Reset 00h TA0OS Timer A0 one-shot start flag TA1OS Timer A1 one-shot start flag TA2OS Timer A2 one-shot start flag TA3OS Timer A3 one-shot start flag TA4OS Timer A4 one-shot start flag TAZIE Function RW The timer starts counting by setting this bit to 1 while bits TMOD1 to TMOD0 in the TAiMR register (i = 0 to 4) = 10b (one-shot timer mode) and the MR2 bit in the TAiMR register = 0 (TAiOS bit enabled). When read, its content is 0. RW Bit Name Z-phase input enable bit 0 : Z-phase input disabled 1 : Z-phase input enabled RW RW RW RW RW b7 b6 TA0TGL TA0TGH Timer A0 event/trigger select bits 0 0 : Input on TA0IN is selected (1) 0 1 : TB2 is selected (2) 1 0 : TA4 is selected (2) 1 1 : TA1 is selected (2) RW RW NOTES: 1.Make sure the PD7_1 bit in the PD7 register is set to 0 (input mode). 2.Overflow or underflow. Trigger Select Register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol TRGSR Bit Symbol Address 0383h After Reset 00h Bit Name Function RW b1 b0 TA1TGL TA1TGH Timer A1 event/trigger select bits 0 0 : Input on TA1IN is selected (1) 0 1 : TB2 is selected (2) 1 0 : TA0 is selected (2) 1 1 : TA2 is selected (2) Timer A2 event/trigger select bits 0 0 : Input on TA2IN is selected (1) 0 1 : TB2 is selected (2) 1 0 : TA1 is selected (2) 1 1 : TA3 is selected (2) RW RW b3 b2 TA2TGL TA2TGH RW RW b5 b4 TA3TGL TA3TGH Timer A3 event/trigger select bits 0 0 : Input on TA3IN is selected (1) 0 1 : TB2 is selected (2) 1 0 : TA2 is selected (2) 1 1 : TA4 is selected (2) Timer A4 event/trigger select bits 0 0 : Input on TA4IN is selected (1) 0 1 : TB2 is selected (2) 1 0 : TA3 is selected (2) 1 1 : TA0 is selected (2) RW RW b7 b6 TA4TGL TA4TGH RW RW NOTES: 1.Make sure the port direction bits for pins TA1IN to TA4IN are set to 0 (input mode). 2.Overflow or underflow. Clock Prescaler Reset Flag b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol CPSRF Bit Symbol Address 0381h Bit Name Function (b6-b0) Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. CPSR Clock prescaler reset flag Figure 13.6 Registers ONSF, TRGSR, and CPSRF Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 After Reset 0XXXXXXXb page 118 of 378 Setting this bit to 1 initializes the prescaler for the timekeeping clock. (When read, the content is 0.) RW RW M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers 13.1.1 Timer Mode In timer mode, the timer counts a count source generated internally. Table 13.1 lists the Timer Mode Specifications. Figure 13.7 shows Registers TA0MR to TA4MR in Timer Mode. Table 13.1 Timer Mode Specifications Item Specification Count source f1, f2, f8, f32, fC32 Count operation * Down-count * When the timer underflows, it reloads the reload register contents and continues counting Divide ratio 1/(n+1) n: set value of the TAi register 0000h to FFFFh Count start condition Set the TAiS bit in the TABSR register to 1 (count starts) Count stop condition Set the TAiS bit to 0 (count stops) Interrupt request generation timing Timer underflow TAiIN pin function I/O port or gate input TAiOUT pin function I/O port or pulse output Read from timer Count value can be read by reading the TAi register Write to timer * When not counting and until the 1st count source is input after counting start Value written to the TAi register is written to both reload register and counter * When counting (after 1st count source input) Value written to the TAi register is written to only reload register (Transferred to counter when reloaded next) Select function * Gate function Counting can be started and stopped by an input signal to TAiIN pin * Pulse output function Whenever the timer underflows, the output polarity of TAiOUT pin is inverted. When TAiS bit is set to 0 (count stops), the pin outputs a low. i = 0 to 4 Timer Ai Mode Register (i = 0 to 4) b7 b6 b5 b4 0 b3 b2 b1 b0 0 0 Symbol TA0MR to TA4MR Bit Symbol TMOD0 TMOD1 MR0 Address 0396h to 039Ah After Reset 00h Bit Name Function b1 b0 Operating mode select bits 0 0 : Timer mode Pulse output function select bit 0 : Pulse is not output (TAiOUT pin is a normal port pin) 1 : Pulse is output (TAiOUT pin is a pulse output pin) RW RW RW RW b4 b3 MR1 Gate function select bits MR2 MR3 0 0 : } Gate function not available 01: (TAiIN pin functions as I/O port) RW 1 0 : Counts while input on the TAiIN pin is low (1) 1 1 : Counts while input on the TAiIN pin RW is high (1) Set to 0 in timer mode RW b7 b6 TCK0 Count source select bits TCK1 0 0 : f1 or f2 (2) 0 1 : f8 1 0 : f32 1 1 : fC32 NOTES: 1. The port direction bit for the TAiIN pin is set to 0 (input mode). 2. Selected by the PCLK0 bit in the PCLKR register. Figure 13.7 Registers TA0MR to TA4MR in Timer Mode Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 119 of 378 RW RW M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers 13.1.2 Event Counter Mode In event counter mode, the timer counts pulses from an external device or overflows and underflows of other timers. Timers A2, A3, and A4 can count two-phase external signals. Table 13.2 lists the Event Counter Mode Specifications (when not using two-phase pulse signal processing). Figure 13.8 shows TAiMR Register in Event Counter Mode (when not using two-phase pulse signal processing). Table 13.3 lists the Event Counter Mode Specifications (when using two-phase pulse signal processing with timers A2, A3, and A4). Figure 13.9 shows Registers TA2MR to TA4MR in Event Counter Mode (when using two-phase pulse signa processing with timers A2, A3, and A4). Table 13.2 Event Counter Mode Specifications (when not using two-phase pulse signal processing) Item Count source Specification * External signals input to TAiIN pin (effective edge can be selected in program) * Timer B2 overflows or underflows, Timer Aj overflows or underflows, Timer Ak overflows or underflows Count operation * Up-count or down-count can be selected by external signal or program * When the timer overflows or underflows, it reloads the reload register contents and continues counting. When operating in free-running mode, the timer continues counting without reloading. Divided ratio 1/ (FFFFh - n + 1) for up-count 1/ (n + 1) for down-count n : set value of the TAi register 0000h to FFFFh Count start condition Set the TAiS bit in the TABSR register to 1 (count starts) Count stop condition Set the TAiS bit to 0 (count stops) Interrupt request generation timing Timer overflow or underflow TAiIN pin function I/O port or count source input TAiOUT pin function I/O port, pulse output, or up/down-count select input Read from timer Count value can be read by reading the TAi register Write to timer * When not counting and until the 1st count source is input after counting start Value written to the TAi register is written to both reload register and counter * When counting (after 1st count source input) Value written to the TAi register is written to only reload register (Transferred to counter when reloaded next) * Free-run count function Select function Even when the timer overflows or underflows, the reload register content is not reloaded to it * Pulse output function Whenever the timer underflows or underflows, the output polarity of TAiOUT pin is inverted. When TAiS bit is set to 0 (count stops), the pin outputs a low. i = 0 to 4 j = i - 1, except j = 4 if i = 0 k = i + 1, except k = 0 if i = 4 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 120 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers Timer Ai Mode Register (i = 0 to 4) (When not using two-phase pulse signal processing) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 0 b2 b1 b0 Symbol TA0MR to TA4MR 0 1 Bit Symbol TMOD0 TMOD1 Address 0396h to 039Ah Bit Name After Reset 00h Function b1 b0 Operating mode select bits RW RW 0 1 : Event counter mode (1) RW 0 : Pulse is not output (TAiOUT pin functions as I/O port) RW 1 : Pulse is output (TAiOUT pin functions as pulse output pin) MR0 Pulse output function select bit MR1 Count polarity select bit (2) 0 : Counts falling edge of external signal RW 1 : Counts rising edge of external signal MR2 Up/down switching source select bit 0 : UDF register 1 : Input signal to TAiOUT pin (3) MR3 Set to 0 in event counter mode RW TCK0 Count operation type select bit RW TCK1 Can be 0 or 1 when not using two-phase pulse signal processing. 0 : Reload type 1 : Free-run type RW RW NOTES: 1.During event counter mode, the count source can be selected using registers ONSF and TRGSR. 2.Effective when bits TAiTGH and TAiTGL in the ONSF or TRGSR register are 00b (TAiIN pin input). 3.Count down when input on TAiOUT pin is low or count up when input on that pin is high. The port direction bit for TAiOUT pin is set to 0 (input mode). Figure 13.8 Registers TA0MR to TA4MR in Event Counter Mode (when not using two-phase pulse signal processing) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 121 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers Table 13.3 Event Counter Mode Specifications (when using two-phase pulse signal processing with timers A2, A3, and A4) Item Specification Count source * Two-phase pulse signals input to TAiIN or TAiOUT pins Count operation * Up-count or down-count can be selected by two-phase pulse signal * When the timer overflows or underflows, it reloads the reload register contents and continues counting. When operating in free-running mode, the timer continues counting without reloading. 1/ (FFFFh - n + 1) for up-count Divide ratio 1/ (n + 1) for down-count n : set value of the TAi register 0000h to FFFFh Count start condition Set the TAiS bit in the TABSR register to 1 (count starts) Count stop condition Set the TAiS bit to 0 (count stops) Interrupt request generation timing Timer overflow or underflow TAiIN pin function Two-phase pulse input TAiOUT pin function Two-phase pulse input Read from timer Count value can be read by reading the TAi register Write to timer * When not counting and until the 1st count source is input after counting start Value written to TAi register is written to both reload register and counter * When counting (after 1st count source input) Value written to TAi register is written to reload register (Transferred to counter when reloaded next) Select function (1) * Normal processing operation (timers A2 and A3) The timer counts up rising edges or counts down falling edges on TAjIN pin when input signals on TAjOUT pin is "H". TAjOUT TAjIN Upcount Upcount Upcount Downcount Downcount Downcount * Multiply-by-4 processing operation (timers A3 and A4) If the phase relationship is such that TAkIN pin goes "H" when the input signal on TAkOUT pin is "H", the timer counts up rising and falling edges on pins TAkOUT and TAkIN. If the phase relationship is such that TAkIN pin goes "L" when the input signal on TAkOUT pin is "H", the timer counts down rising and falling edges on pins TAkOUT and TAkIN. TAkOUT Count up all edges Count down all edges TAkIN Count up all edges Count down all edges * Counter initialization by Z-phase input (timer A3) The timer count value is initialized to 0 by Z-phase input. i = 2 to 4 j = 2, 3 k = 3, 4 NOTE: 1. Only timer A3 is selectable. Timer A2 is fixed to normal processing operation, and timer A4 is fixed to multiply-by-4 processing operation. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 122 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers Timer Ai Mode Register (i = 2 to 4) (When using two-phase pulse signal processing) b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 0 1 0 0 0 1 Symbol TA2MR to TA4MR Bit Symbol TMOD0 TMOD1 Address 0398h to 039Ah Bit Name After Reset 00h Function RW Operating mode select bits 0 1 : Event counter mode RW RW b1 b0 RW MR0 To use two-phase pulse signal processing, set this bit to 0. MR1 RW MR2 To use two-phase pulse signal processing, set this bit to 1. RW MR3 To use two-phase pulse signal processing, set this bit to 0. RW TCK0 Count operation type select bit 0 : Reload type 1 : Free-run type TCK1 Two-phase pulse signal processing operation select bit (1) (2) 0 : Normal processing operation 1 : Multiply-by-4 processing operation RW RW NOTES: 1. The TCK1 bit is valid for the TA3MR register. No matter how this bit is set, timers A2 and A4 always operate in normal processing mode and x4 processing mode, respectively. 2. If two-phase pulse signal processing is desired, following register settings are required: Set the TAiP bit in the UDF register to 1 (two-phase pulse signal processing function enabled). Set bits TAiTGH and TAiTGL in the TRGSR register to 00b (TAiIN pin input). Set the port direction bits for TAiIN and TAiOUT to 0 (input mode). Figure 13.9 Registers TA2MR to TA4MR in Event Counter Mode (when using two-phase pulse signal processing with timers A2, A3, and A4) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 123 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers 13.1.2.1 Counter Initialization by Two-Phase Pulse Signal Processing This function initializes the timer count value to 0 by Z-phase (counter initialization) input during twophase pulse signal processing. This function can only be used in timer A3 event counter mode during two-phase pulse signal processing, free-running type, x4 processing, with Z-phase entered from the ZP pin. Counter initialization by Z-phase input is enabled by writing 0000h to the TA3 register and setting the TAZIE bit in the ONSF register to 1 (Z-phase input enabled). Counter initialization is accomplished by detecting Z-phase input edge. The active edge can be selected to be the rising________ or falling edge by using the POL bit in the INT2IC register. The Z-phase pulse width applied to the INT2 pin must be equal to or greater than one clock cycle of the timer A3 count source. The counter is initialized at the next count timing after recognizing Z-phase input. Figure 13.10 shows the relationship between the two-phase pulse (A phase and B phase) and the Z-phase. If timer A3 overflow or underflow coincides with the counter initialization by Z-phase input, a timer A3 interrupt request is generated twice in succession. Do not use the timer A3 interrupt when using this function. T3OUT (A phase) TA3IN (B phase) Count source ZP (1) Input equal to or greater than one clock cycle of count source Timer A3 m m+1 1 2 3 4 5 NOTE: 1. This timing diagram is for the case where the POL bit in the INT2IC register = 1 (rising edge). Figure 13.10 Two-phase Pulse (A Phase and B Phase) and Z Phase Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 124 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers 13.1.3 One-shot Timer Mode In one-shot timer mode, the timer is activated only once by one trigger. When the trigger occurs, the timer starts up and continues operating for a given period. Table 13.4 lists the One-shot Timer Mode Specifications. Figure 13.11 shows Registers TA0MR to TA4MR in One-shot Timer Mode. Table 13.4 One-shot Timer Mode Specifications Item Count source f1, f2, f8, f32, fC32 Count operation * Down-count Specification * When the counter reaches 0000h, it stops counting after reloading a new value * If a trigger occurs when counting, the timer reloads a new count and restarts counting Divide ratio Count start condition 1/n n : set value of the TAi register 0000h to FFFFh However, the counter does not work if the divide-by-n value is set to 0000h. The TAiS bit in the TABSR register = 1 (count starts) and one of the following triggers occurs. * External trigger input from the TAiIN pin * Timer B2 overflow or underflow, Timer Aj overflow or underflow, Timer Ak overflow or underflow * The TAiOS bit in the ONSF register is set to 1 (timer starts) Count stop condition * When the counter is reloaded after reaching 0000h * TAiS bit is set to 0 (count stops) Interrupt request generation timing When the counter reaches 0000h TAiIN pin function I/O port or trigger input TAiOUT pin function I/O port or pulse output Read from timer An undefined value is read by reading the TAi register Write to timer * When not counting and until the 1st count source is input after counting start Value written to the TAi register is written to both reload register and counter * When counting (after 1st count source input) Value written to the TAi register is written to only reload register (Transferred to counter when reloaded next) Select function * Pulse output function The timer outputs a low when not counting and a high when counting. i = 0 to 4 j = i - 1, except j = 4 if i = 0 k = i + 1, except k = 0 if i = 4 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 125 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers Timer Ai Mode Register (i = 0 to 4) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 0 b2 b1 b0 1 0 Symbol TA0MR to TA4MR Bit Symbol TMOD0 TMOD1 Address 0396h to 039Ah After Reset 00h Bit Name Function b1 b0 Operating mode select bits 1 0 : One-shot timer mode RW RW RW MR0 Pulse output function select bit 0 : Pulse is not output (TAiOUT pin functions as I/O port) RW 1 : Pulse is output (TAiOUT pin functions as a pulse output pin) MR1 External trigger select bit (1) 0 : Falling edge of input signal to TAiIN pin (2) 1 : Rising edge of input signal to TAiIN pin (2) RW MR2 Trigger select bit 0 : TAiOS bit is enabled 1 : Selected by bits TAiTGH to TAiTGL MR3 Set to 0 in one-shot timer mode RW RW b7 b6 TCK0 Count source select bits TCK1 0 0 : f1 or f2 (3) 0 1 : f8 1 0 : f32 1 1 : fC32 NOTES: 1. Effective when bits TAiTGH and TAiTGL in the ONSF or TRGSR register are 00b (TAiIN pin input). 2. The port direction bit for the TAiIN pin is set to 0 (input mode). 3. Selected by the PCLK0 bit in the PCLKR register. Figure 13.11 Registers TA0MR to TA4MR in One-shot Timer Mode Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 126 of 378 RW RW M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers 13.1.4 Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Mode In Pulse Width Modulation mode, the timer outputs pulses of a given width in succession. The counter functions as either 16-bit pulse width modulator or 8-bit pulse width modulator. Table 13.5 lists the Pulse Width Modulation Mode Specifications. Figure 13.12 shows Registers TA0MR to TA4MR in Pulse Width Modulation Mode. Figures 13.13 and 13.14 show an Example of 16-bit Pulse Width Modulator Operation and 8-bit Pulse Width Modulator Operation. Table 13.5 Pulse Width Modulation Mode Specifications Item Specification Count source f1, f2, f8, f32, fC32 Count operation * Down-count (operating as an 8-bit or a 16-bit pulse width modulator) * The timer reloads a new value at a rising edge of PWM pulse and continues counting * The timer is not affected by a trigger that occurs during counting * High level width n / fj n : set value of the TAi register 16 * Cycle time (2 -1) / fj fixed fj : count source frequency (f1, f2, f8, f32, fC32) 16-bit PWM 8-bit PWM * High level width n (m+1) / fj n : set value of the TAi register high-order address * Cycle time (28-1) (m+1) / fj m : set value of the TAi register low-order address Count start condition * The TAiS bit in the TABSR register is set to 1 (count starts) * The TAiS bit = 1 and external trigger input from the TAiIN pin * The TAiS bit = 1 and one of the following external triggers occurs Timer B2 overflow or underflow, Timer Aj overflow or underflow, Timer Ak overflow or underflow Count stop condition The TAiS bit is set to 0 (count stops) Interrupt request generation timing On the falling edge of the PWM pulse TAiIN pin function I/O port or trigger input TAiOUT pin function Pulse output Read from timer An undefined value is read by reading the TAi register Write to timer * When not counting and until the 1st count source is input after counting start Value written to the TAi register is written to both reload register and counter * When counting (after 1st count source input) Value written to the TAi register is written to only reload register (Transferred to counter when reloaded next) i = 0 to 4 j = i - 1, except j = 4 if i = 0 k = i + 1, except k = 0 if i = 4 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 127 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers Timer Ai Mode Register (i = 0 to 4) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 1 1 Symbol TA0MR to TA4MR Bit Symbol TMOD0 TMOD1 Address 0396h to 039Ah After Reset 00h Bit Name Function b1 b0 RW RW Operating mode select bits 1 1 : Pulse width modulation mode MR0 Pulse output function select bit (3) 0 : Pulse is not output (TAiOUT pin is a normal port pin) 1 : Pulse is output (TAiOUT pin is a pulse output pin) MR1 External trigger select bit (1) 0 : Falling edge of input signal to TAiIN pin (2) 1 : Rising edge of input signal to TAiIN pin (2) RW MR2 Trigger select bit 0 : Write 1 to TAiS bit in the TABSR register RW 1 : Selected by bits TAiTGH to TAiTGL MR3 16/8-Bit PWM mode select bit 0 : Functions as a 16-bit pulse width modulator RW 1 : Functions as an 8-bit pulse width modulator Count source select bits 0 0 : f1 or f2 (4) 0 1 : f8 1 0 : f32 1 1 : fC32 RW RW b7 b6 TCK0 TCK1 NOTES: 1. Effective when bits TAiTGH and TAiTGL in the ONSF or TRGSR register are 00b (TAiIN pin input). 2. The port direction bit for the TAiIN pin is set to 0 (input mode). 3. Set to 1 (pulse is output), PWM pulse is output. 4. Selected by the PCLK0 bit in the PCLKR register. Figure 13.12 Registers TA0MR to TA4MR in Pulse Width Modulation Mode Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 128 of 378 RW RW M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers 16 1 / fi (2 - 1) Count source Input signal to TAiIN pin "H" PWM pulse output from TAiOUT pin "H" "L" Trigger is not generated by this signal 1 / fj n "L" IR bit in TAiIC register 1 0 Set to 0 upon accepting an interrupt request or by writing in program i = 0 to 4 fj: Frequency of count source (f1, f2, f8, f32, fC32) NOTES: 1. n = 0000h to FFFEh. 2. This timing diagram is the following case. TAi register = 0003h Bits TAiTGH and TAiTGL in the ONSF or TRGSR register = 00b (TAiIN pin input) The MR1 bit in the TAiMR register = 1 (rising edge) The MR2 bit in the TAiMR register = 1 (trigger selected by bits TAiTGH and TAiTGL) Figure 13.13 Example of 16-bit Pulse Width Modulator Operation 1 / fj (m + 1) (2 8 - 1) Count source (1) Input signal to TAiIN pin "H" Underflow signal of 8-bit prescaler (2) "H" "L" 1 / fj (m + 1) "L" 1 / fj (m + 1) n PWM pulse output from TAiOUT pin IR bit in TAiIC register "H" "L" 1 0 Set to 0 upon accepting an interrupt request or by writing in program i = 0 to 4 fj: Frequency of count source (f1, f2, f8, f32, fC32) NOTES: 1. The 8-bit prescaler counts the count source. 2. The 8-bit pulse width modulator counts the output from the 8-bit prescaler underflow signal. 3. m = 00h to FFh; n = 00h to FEh. 4. This timing diagram is the following case. TAi register = 0202h Bits TAiTGH and TAiTGL in the ONSF or TRGSR register = 00b (TAiIN pin input) The MR1 bit in the TAiMR register = 0 (falling edge) The MR2 bit in the TAiMR register = 1 (trigger selected by bits TAiTGH and TAiTGL) Figure 13.14 Example of 8-bit Pulse Width Modulator Operation Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 129 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers 13.2 Timer B Figure 13.15 shows a Timer B Block Diagram. Figures 13.16 and 13.17 show the timer B-related registers. Timer B supports the following three modes. Use bits TMOD1 and TMOD0 in the TBiMR register (i = 0 to 5) to select the desired mode. * Timer mode : The timer counts an internal count source. * Event counter mode : The timer counts pulses from an external device or over flows or underflows of other timers. * Pulse period/pulse width measuring mode : The timer measures pulse period or pulse width of an external signal. High-order bits of data bus Select clock source 00 f1 or f2 01 f8 10 f32 11 fC32 TCK1 to TCK0 TMOD1 to TMOD0 pulse width measurement 1 TBj overflow (1) TBiIN Low-order bits of data bus 00: Timer 10: Pulse period and Low-order 8 bits TCK1 Reload register 01: Event counter 0 Polarity Switching and Edge Pulse Counter TBiS Counter Reset Circuit TCK1 to TCK0, TMOD1 to TMOD0: Bits in TBiMR register TBiS: Bit in TABSR register or TBSR register i = 0 to 5 j = i - 1 except j = 2 when i = 0, j = 5 when i = 3 NOTE: 1. Overflow or underflow Figure 13.15 Timer B Block Diagram Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 130 of 378 TBi Timer B0 Timer B1 Timer B2 Timer B3 Timer B4 Timer B5 Addresses 0391h - 0390h 0393h - 0392h 0395h- 0394h 01D1h- 01D0h 01D3h- 01D2h 01D5h- 01D4h TBj Timer B2 Timer B0 Timer B1 Timer B5 Timer B3 Timer B4 High-order 8 bits M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers Timer Bi Mode Register (i = 0 to 5) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol TB0MR to TB2MR TB3MR to TB5MR Bit Symbol Address 039Bh to 039Dh 01DBh to 01DDh After Reset 00XX0000b 00XX0000b Function RW 0 0 : Timer mode 0 1 : Event counter mode 1 0 : Pulse period measurement mode, pulse width measurement mode 1 1 : Do not set a value RW Bit Name b1 b0 TMOD0 Operating mode select bits TMOD1 RW RW MR0 MR1 MR2 RW RW (1) Function varies depending on operating mode - (2) RO MR3 TCK0 TCK1 Count source select bits Function varies depending on operating mode RW RW NOTES: 1. Timers B0 and B3. 2. Timers B1, B2, B4, and B5. Timer Bi Register (i = 0 to 5) (1) (b15) b7 (b8) b0 b7 b0 Mode Symbol TB0 TB1 TB2 TB3 TB4 TB5 Address 0391h, 0390h 0393h, 0392h 0395h, 0394h 01D1h, 01D0h 01D3h, 01D2h 01D5h, 01D4h Function After Reset Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Setting Range RW Timer mode Divide the count source by n + 1 where n = set value 0000h to FFFFh RW Event counter mode Divide the count source by n + 1 where n = set value (2) 0000h to FFFFh RW Pulse period Measures a pulse period or width modulation mode, Pulse width modulation mode NOTES: 1.The register must be accessed in 16-bit unit. 2.The timer counts pulses from an external device or overflows or underflows of other timers. Figure 13.16 Registers TB0MR to TB5MR, and TB0 to TB5 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 131 of 378 RO M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers Count Start Flag b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol TABSR Address 0380h After Reset 00h Bit Name Bit Symbol Function RW TA0S Timer A0 count start flag TA1S Timer A1 count start flag TA2S Timer A2 count start flag RW TA3S Timer A3 count start flag RW TA4S Timer A4 count start flag RW TB0S Timer B0 count start flag RW TB1S Timer B1 count start flag RW TB2S Timer B2 count start flag RW 0 : Count stops 1 : Count starts RW RW Timer B3, B4, B5 Count Start Flag b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol TBSR Bit Symbol Address 01C0h After Reset 000XXXXXb Bit Name Function (b4-b0) Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. TB3S Timer B3 count start flag TB4S Timer B4 count start flag TB5S Timer B5 count start flag - 0 : Count stops 1 : Count starts RW RW RW RW Clock Prescaler Reset Flag b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol CPSRF Bit Symbol Address 0381h Bit Name Function (b6-b0) Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. CPSR Clock prescaler reset flag - Figure 13.17 Registers TABSR, TBSR, and CPSRF Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 After Reset 0XXXXXXXb page 132 of 378 RW - Setting this bit to 1 initializes the prescaler for the timekeeping clock. RW (When read, the content is 0.) M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers 13.2.1 Timer Mode In timer mode, the timer counts a count source generated internally. Table 13.6 lists the Timer Mode Specifications. Figure 13.18 shows Registers TB0MR to TB5MR in Timer Mode. Table 13.6 Timer Mode Specifications Item Count source f1, f2, f8, f32, fC32 Specification Count operation * Down-count * When the timer underflows, it reloads the reload register contents and continues counting Divide ratio 1/(n+1) n: set value of the TBi register 0000h to FFFFh (1) Count start condition Set the TBiS bit to 1 (count starts) Count stop condition Set the TBiS bit to 0 (count stops) Interrupt request generation timing Timer underflow TBiIN pin function I/O port Read from timer Count value can be read by reading the TBi register Write to timer * When not counting and until the 1st count source is input after counting start Value written to the TBi register is written to both reload register and counter * When counting (after 1st count source input) Value written to the TBi register is written to only reload register (Transferred to counter when reloaded next) i = 0 to 5 NOTE: 1. Bits TB0S to TB2S are assigned to bits 5 to 7 in the TABSR register, and bits TB3S to TB5S are assigned to bits 5 to 7 in the TBSR register. Timer Bi Mode Register (i = 0 to 5) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 0 0 Symbol TB0MR to TB2MR TB3MR to TB5MR Bit Symbol TMOD0 TMOD1 MR0 MR1 Address 039Bh to 039Dh 01DBh to 01DDh Bit Name After Reset 00XX0000b 00XX0000b Function b1 b0 Operating mode select bits 0 0 : Timer mode MR3 RW RW Has no effect in timer mode Can be set to 0 or 1 RW Registers TB0MR and TB3MR Set to 0 in timer mode MR2 RW RW Registers TB1MR, TB2MR, TB4MR, and TB5MR Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. If necessary, set to 0 in timer mode. When read in timer mode, the content is undefined. RW RO b7 b6 TCK0 Count source select bits TCK1 NOTE: 1. Selected by the PCLK0 bit in the PCLKR register. Figure 13.18 Registers TB0MR to TB5MR in Timer Mode Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 133 of 378 0 0 : f1 or f2 (1) 0 1 : f8 1 0 : f32 1 1 : fC32 RW RW M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers 13.2.2 Event Counter Mode In event counter mode, the timer counts pulses from an external device or overflows and underflows of other timers. Table 13.7 lists the Event Counter Mode Specifications. Figure 13.19 shows Registers TB0MR to TB5MR in Event Counter Mode. Table 13.7 Event Counter Mode Specifications Item Specification Count source * External signals input to TBiIN pin (effective edge can be selected in program) * Timer Bj overflow or underflow Count operation * Down-count * When the timer underflows, it reloads the reload register contents and continues counting Divide ratio 1/(n+1) n: set value of the TBi register 0000h to FFFFh (1) Count start condition Set TBiS bit to 1 (count starts) Count stop condition Set TBiS bit to 0 (count stops) Interrupt request generation timing Timer underflow TBiIN pin function Count source input Read from timer Count value can be read by reading the TBi register Write to timer * When not counting and until the 1st count source is input after counting start Value written to the TBi register is written to both reload register and counter * When counting (after 1st count source input) Value written to the TBi register is written to only reload register (Transferred to counter when reloaded next) i = 0 to 5 j = i - 1, except j = 2 if i = 0, j = 5 if i = 3 NOTE: 1. Bits TB0S to TB2S are assigned to bits 5 to 7 in the TABSR register, and bits TB3S to TB5S are assigned to bits 5 to 7 in the TBSR register. Timer Bi Mode Register (i= 0 to 5) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 0 1 Symbol TB0MR to TB2MR TB3MR to TB5MR Bit Symbol TMOD0 TMOD1 Address 039Bh to 039Dh 01DBh to 01DDh After Reset 00XX0000b 00XX0000b Bit Name Function b1 b0 Operating mode select bits 0 1 : Event counter mode RW RW RW b3 b2 MR0 MR1 0 0 : Counts falling edge of external signal 0 1 : Counts rising edge of external signal Count polarity select bits (1) 1 0 : Counts falling and rising edges of external signal 1 1 : Do not set a value Registers TB0MR and TB3MR Set to 0 in event counter mode MR2 Registers TB1MR, TB2MR, TB4MR, and TB5MR Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. RW RW RW - MR3 If necessary, set to 0 in event counter mode. When read in event counter mode, the content is undefined. RO TCK0 Has no effect in event counter mode. Can be set to 0 or 1. RW TCK1 Event clock select bit 0 : Input from TBiIN pin (2) 1 : TBj overflow or underflow (j = i - 1, except j = 2 if i = 0, j = 5 if i = 3) RW NOTES: 1. Effective when the TCK1 bit = 0 (input from TBiIN pin). If the TCK1 bit = 1 (TBj overflow or underflow), these bits can be set to 0 or 1. 2. The port direction bit for the TBiIN pin is set to 0 (input mode). Figure 13.19 Registers TB0MR to TB5MR in Event Counter Mode Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 134 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers 13.2.3 Pulse Period and Pulse Width Measurement Mode In pulse period and pulse width measurement mode, the timer measures pulse period or pulse width of an external signal. Table 13.8 lists the Pulse Period and Pulse Width Measurement Mode Specifications. Figure 13.20 shows Registers TB0MR to TB5MR in Pulse Period and Pulse Width Measurement mode. Figure 13.21 shows the Operation Timing when Measuring Pulse Period. Figure 13.22 shows the Operation Timing when Measuring Pulse Width. Table 13.8 Pulse Period and Pulse Width Measurement Mode Specifications Item Specification Count source f1, f2, f8, f32, fC32 Count operation * Up-count * Counter value is transferred to reload register at an effective edge of measurement pulse. The counter value is set to 0000h to continue counting. Count start condition Set the TBiS bit (1) to 1 (count starts) Count stop condition Set the TBiS bit to 0 (count stops) Interrupt request generation timing TBiIN pin function Read from timer Write to timer * When an effective edge of measurement pulse is input (2) * Timer overflow. If an overflow occurs, the MR3 bit in the TBiMR register is set to 1 (overflow) simultaneously. The MR3 bit is set to 0 (no overflow) by writing to the TBiMR register at the next count timing or later after the MR3 bit was set to 1. At this time, make sure the TBiS bit is set to 1 (count starts). Measurement pulse input Contents of the reload register (measurement result) can be read by reading TBi register (3) Value written to the TBi register is written to neither reload register nor counter i = 0 to 5 NOTES: 1.Bits TB0S to TB2S are assigned to bits 5 to 7 in the TABSR register, and bits TB3S to TB5S are assigned to bits 5 to 7 in the TBSR register. 2. Interrupt request is not generated when the first effective edge is input after the timer started counting. 3. Value read from the TBi register is undefined until the second valid edge is input after the timer starts counting. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 135 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers Timer Bi Mode Register (i = 0 to 5) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 1 0 Symbol TB0MR to TB2MR TB3MR to TB5MR Bit Symbol TMOD0 TMOD1 Address 039Bh to 039Dh 01DBh to 01DDh After Reset 00XX0000b 00XX0000b Bit Name Operating mode select bits Function b1 b0 1 0 : Pulse period / pulse width measurement mode RW RW RW b3 b2 MR0 Measurement mode select bits MR1 0 0 : Pulse period measurement (Measurement between a falling edge and the next falling edge of measured pulse) 0 1 : Pulse period measurement (Measurement between a rising edge and the next rising edge of measured pulse) 1 0 : Pulse width measurement (Measurement between a falling edge and the next rising edge of measured pulse and between a rising edge and the next falling edge) 1 1 : Do not set a value Registers TB0MR and TB3MR Set to 0 in pulse period and pulse width measurement mode MR2 MR3 Registers TB1MR, TB2MR, TB4MR, and TB5MR Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. Timer Bi overflow 0 : Timer did not overflow flag (1) 1 : Timer has overflowed RW RW RW RO b7 b6 TCK0 TCK1 Count source select bits 0 0 : f1 or f2 (2) 0 1 : f8 1 0 : f32 1 1 : fC32 RW RW NOTES: 1. This flag is undefined after reset. When the TBiS bit = 1 (count starts), the MR3 bit is set to 0 (no overflow) by writing to the TBiMR register at the next count timing or later after the MR3 bit was set to 1 (overflow). The MR3 bit cannot be set to 1 in a program. Bits TB0S to TB2S are assigned to bits 5 to 7 in the TABSR register, and bits TB3S to TB5S are assigned to bits 5 to 7 in the TBSR register. 2. Selected by the PCLK0 bit in the PCLKR register. Figure 13.20 Registers TB0MR to TB5MR in Pulse Period and Pulse Width Measurement Mode Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 136 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 13. Timers Count source "H" Measurement pulse Reload register transfer timing "L" Transfer (undefined value) Transfer (measured value) counter (NOTE 1) (NOTE 1) (NOTE 2) Timing at which counter reaches 0000h 1 TBiS bit 0 IR bit in TBiIC register 1 MR3 bit in TBiMR register 1 0 Set to 0 upon accepting an interrupt request or by writing in program 0 Bits TB0S to TB2S are assigned to bits 5 to 7 in the TABSR register, and bits TB3S to TB5S are assigned to bits 5 to 7 in the TBSR register. i = 0 to 5 NOTES: 1. Counter is initialized at completion of measurement. 2. Timer has overflowed. 3. This timing diagram is for the case where bits MR1 to MR0 in the TBiMR register are 00b (measure the interval from falling edge to falling edge of the measurement pulse). Figure 13.21 Operation Timing When Measuring Pulse Period Count source Measurement pulse Reload register transfer timing "H" "L" counter Transfer (undefined value) (NOTE 1) Transfer (measured value) (NOTE 1) Transfer (measured value) Transfer (measured value) (NOTE 1) (NOTE 1) (NOTE 2) Timing at which counter reaches 0000h 1 TBiS bit 0 IR bit in TBiIC register MR3 bit in TBiMR register 1 0 1 Set to 0 upon accepting an interrupt request or by writing in program 0 Bits TB0S to TB2S are assigned to bits 5 to 7 in the TABSR register, and bits TB3S to TB5S are assigned to bits 5 to 7 in the TBSR register. i = 0 to 5 NOTES: 1. Counter is initialized at completion of measurement. 2. Timer has overflowed. 3. This timing diagram is for the case where the MR1 to MR0 bits in the TBiMR register are 10b (measure the interval from a falling edge to the next rising edge and the interval from a rising edge to the next falling edge of the measurement pulse). Figure 13.22 Operation Timing When Measuring Pulse Width Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 137 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 14. Three-Phase Motor Control Timer Function 14. Three-Phase Motor Control Timer Function Timers A1, A2, A4, and B2 can be used to output three-phase motor drive waveforms. Table 14.1 lists the Three-phase Motor Control Timer Function Specifications. Figure 14.1 shows the Three-phase Motor Control Timer Function Block Diagram. Figures 14.2 to 14.8 shows the Three-phase Motor Control Timer Function related registers. Table 14.1 Three-Phase Motor Control Timer Function Specifications Item Specification ___ ___ ___ Three-Phase waveform output pin Six pins (U,_______ U, V, V, W, W) Forced cutoff input (1) Input "L" to NMI pin Used timers Timer A4, A1, A2 (used in the one-shot timer mode) ___ * Timer A4: U- and ___ U-phase waveform control * Timer A1: V- and V-phase waveform control ___ * Timer A2: W- and W-phase waveform control Timer B2 (used in the timer mode) * Carrier wave cycle control Dead time timer (3 eight-bit timer and shared reload register) * Dead time control Output waveform Triangular wave modulation, Sawtooth wave modification * Enable to output "H" or "L" for one cycle * Enable to set positive-phase level and negative-phase level respectively Carrier wave cycle Triangular wave modulation: count source (m+1) 2 Sawtooth wave modulation: count source (m+1) m: Setting value of the TB2 register, 0000h to FFFFh Count source: f1, f2, f8, f32, fC32 Three-Phase PWM output width Triangular wave modulation: count source n 2 Sawtooth wave modulation: count source n n: Setting value of registers TA4, TA1, and TA2 (of registers TA4, TA41, TA1, TA11, TA2, and TA21 when setting the INV11 bit to 1), 0001h to FFFFh Count source: f1, f2, f8, f32, fC32 Dead time Count source p, or no dead time p: Setting value of the DTT register, 01h to FFh Count source: f1, f2, f1 divided by 2, f2 divided by 2 Active level Enable to select "H" or "L" Positive and negative-phase concurrent Positive and negative-phases concurrent active disable function active disable function Positive and negative-phases concurrent active detect function Interrupt frequency For timer B2 interrupt, select a carrier wave cycle-to-cycle basis through 15 times carrier wave cycle-to-cycle basis NOTE: _______ 1. Forced cutoff with NMI input is effective when the IVPCR1 bit in the TB2SC register is set to 1 (three-phase _______ _______ output forcible cutoff by NMI input enabled). If an "L" signal is applied to the NMI pin when the IVPCR1 bit is 1, the related pins go to a high-impedance state regardless of which functions of those pins are being used. Related pins: * P7_2/CLK2/TA1OUT/V _________ _________ ___ * P7_3/CTS2/RTS2/TA1IN/V * P7_4/TA2OUT/W/(CLK4) ____ * P7_5/TA2IN/W/(SOUT4) * P8_0/TA4OUT/U(SIN4) ___ * P8_1/TA4IN/U Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 138 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 14. Three-Phase Motor Control Timer Function INV00 to INV07: Bits in INVC0 register INV10 to INV15: Bits in INVC1 register DUi, DUBi: Bits in IDBi register (i = 0, 1) TA1S to TA4S: Bits in TABSR register PWCON: Bits in TB2SC register INV03 INV13 1 0 ICTB2 counter n=1 to 15 PWCON Timer B2 underflow f1 or f2 1/2 Timer B2 (Timer mode) Dead time timer n = 1 to 255 Transfer trigger (1) Trigger TA41 register Reload Reload control signal for timer A4 Trigger DU1 bit DU0 bit TQ INV11 Timer A4 one-shot pulse When setting the TA4S bit to 0, signal is set to 0 TA1 register Reload control signal for timer A1 DQ T DQ T DUB1 bit DUB0 bit (One-shot timer mode) TQ INV11 DQ T DQ T U-Phase output signal Timer A1 one-shot pulse V-Phase output control circuit V-Phase output signal V-Phase output signal INV06 TA21 register Reload Reload control signal for timer A2 (One-shot timer mode) INV11 U Timer A2 one-shot pulse TQ When setting the TA2S bit to 0, signal is set to 0 DQ T Inverse control U DQ T Inverse control V DQ T Inverse control V Inverse control W Inverse control W Trigger Trigger Dead time timer n = 1 to 255 Trigger Timer A2 counter Inverse control Dead time timer n = 1 to 255 Trigger When setting the TA1S bit to 0, signal is set to 0 TA2 register DQ T Three-Phase output shift register (U Phase) Trigger Timer A1 counter INV14 Trigger INV06 TA11 register Reload INV02 U-Phase output signal Timer A4 counter (One-shot timer mode) R RESET Timer B2 NMI interrupt INV05 request bit U-phase output control circuit Start trigger signal for timers A1, A2, A4 TA4 register T Reload register n = 1 to 255 Trigger INV06 Write signal to Timer B2 INV10 DQ INV04 0 1 INV12 INV07 Value to be written to INV03 bit Write signal to INV03 bit Circuit to set interrupt generation frequency INV01 INV11 INV00 Reload control signal for timer A1 ICTB2 register n=1 to 15 W-Phase output control circuit W-Phase output signal W-Phase output signal DQ T DQ T Switching to P8_0, P8_1 and P7_2 to P7_5 is not shown in this diagram. NOTE: 1. Transfer trigger is generated only when registers IDB0 and IDB1 are set and the first timer B2 underflows, if the INV06 bit is set to 0 (triangular wave modulation mode). Figure 14.1 Three-Phase Motor Control Timer Function Block Diagram Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 139 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 14. Three-Phase Motor Control Timer Function Three-Phase PWM Control Register 0 (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol INVC0 Bit Symbol Address 01C8h After Reset 00h Function RW INV00 Interrupt enable output polarity select bit 0: The ICTB2 counter is incremented by one on the rising edge of the timer A1 reload control signal 1: The ICTB2 counter is incremented by one on the falling edge of the timer A1 reload control signal (2) RW Interrupt enable output specification bit (3) 0: ICTB2 counter is incremented by one when timer B2 underflows 1: Selected by the INV00 bit (2) RW INV02 Mode select bit (4) 0: No three-phase control timer functions 1: Three-phase control timer function (5) RW INV03 Output control bit 0: Three-phase control timer output disabled (5) 1: Three-phase control timer output enabled (6) RW INV01 Bit Name Positive and negative0: Concurrent active output enabled INV04 phases concurrent active 1: Concurrent active output disabled disable function enable bit RW Positive and negative0: Not detected INV05 phases concurrent active 1: Detected (7) output detect flag RW INV06 Modulation mode select bit (8) 0: Triangular wave modulation mode 1: Sawtooth wave modulation mode (9) RW INV07 Software trigger select bit Transfer trigger is generated when the INV07 bit is set to 1. Trigger to the dead time timer is also generated when setting the INV06 bit to 1. Its value is 0 when read. RW NOTES: 1. Set the INVC0 register after the PRC1 bit in the PRCR register is set to 1 (write enabled). Rewrite bits INV00 to INV02, and INV06 when the timers A1, A2, A4, and B2 stop. 2. Bits INV00 and INV01 are enabled only when the INV11 bit is set to 1 (three-phase mode 1). The ICTB2 counter is incremented by one every time the timer B2 underflows, regardless of INV00 and INV01 bit settings, when the INV11 bit is set to 0 (three-phase mode 0). When setting the INV01 bit to 1, set the timer A1 count start flag before the first timer B2 underflow. When the INV00 bit is set to 1, the first interrupt is generated when the timer B2 underflows n-1 times, if n is the value set in the ICTB2 counter. Subsequent interrupts are generated every n times the timer B2 underflows. 3. Set the INV01 bit to 1 after setting the ICTB2 register . 4. Set the INV02 bit to 1 to operate the dead time timer, U-, V-, and W-phase output control circuits and ICTB2 counter. 5. When the INV03 bit is set to 1, the pins applied to U/V/W output three-phase PWM. Pins U, U, V, V, W, and W, including pins shared with other output functions, are all placed in high-impedance states when the following conditions are all met. The INV02 bit is set to 1 (three-phase control timer function) The INV03 bit is set to 0 (three-phase control timer output disabled) Direction registers of each port are set to 0 (input mode) 6. The INV03 bit is set to 0 when the following conditions are all met. Reset A concurrent active state occurs while INV04 bit is set to 1 The INV03 bit is set to 0 by program A signal applied to the NMI pin changes "H" to "L" When both the INV04 and INV05 bits are set to 1, the INV03 bit is set to 0. 7. The INV05 bit cannot be set to 1 by program. Set the INV04 bit to 0, as well, when setting the INV05 bit to 0. 8. The following table describes how the INV06 bit works. INV06 = 1 Item INV06 = 0 Mode Sawtooth wave modulation mode Triangular wave modulation mode Timing to transfer from registers Transferred once by generating a IDB0 and IDB1 to three-phase transfer trigger after setting registers output shift register IDB0 and IDB1 Transferred every time a transfer trigger is generated Timing to trigger the dead time On the falling edge of a one-shot pulse By a transfer trigger, or the falling edge of timer when the INV16 bit=0 of timer A1, A2, or A4 a one-shot pulse of timer A1, A2, or A4 INV13 bit Enabled when the INV11 bit=1 and the Disabled INV06 bit=0 Transfer trigger : Timer B2 underflows and write to the INV07 bit, or write to the TB2 register when INV10 = 1 9. When the INV06 bit is set to 1, set the INV11 bit to 0 (three-phase mode 0) and the PWCON bit in the TB2SC register to 0 (reload timer B2 with timer B2 underflow). Figure 14.2 INVC0 Register Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 140 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 14. Three-Phase Motor Control Timer Function Three-Phase PWM Control Register 1(1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol INVC1 0 Bit Symbol Address 01C9h After Reset 00h Function Bit Name RW INV10 Timers A1, A2, and A4 start trigger select bit 0: Timer B2 underflow 1: Timer B2 underflow and write to timer B2 INV11 Timer A1-1, A2-1, A4-1 control bit (2) 0: Three-phase mode 0 1: Three-phase mode 1 INV12 Dead time timer count source select bit 0 : f1 or f2 (6) 1 : f1 divided-by-2 or f2 divided-by-2 RW INV13 Carrier wave detect flag (4) 0: Timer A1 reload control signal is 0 1: Timer A1 reload control signal is 1 RO INV14 Output polarity control bit 0 : Active "L" of an output waveform 1 : Active "H" of an output waveform RW INV15 Dead time disable bit 0: Dead time enabled 1: Dead time disabled RW INV16 Dead time timer trigger select bit 0: Falling edge of a one-shot pulse of timers A1, A2, and A4 (5) 1: Rising edge of the three-phase output RW shift register (U-, V-, W-phase) Reserved bit Set to 0 (b7) RW (3) RW RW NOTES: 1. Rewrite the INVC1 register after the PRC1 bit in the PRCR register is set to 1 (write enabled). Timers A1, A2, A4, and B2 must be stopped during rewrite. 2. The following table lists how the INV11 bit works. Item INV11 = 0 INV11 = 1 Mode Three-phase mode 0 Registers TA11, TA21, and TA41 Not used Three-phase mode 1 Used Bits INV00 and INV01 Disabled. The ICTB2 counter is incremented whenever the timer B2 underflows Enabled INV13 bit Disabled Enabled when INV11=1 and INV06=0 3. When the INV06 bit is set to 1 (sawtooth wave modulation mode), set the INV11 bit to 0 (three-phase mode 0). Also, when the INV11 bit is set to 0, set the PWCON bit in the TB2SC register to 0 (timer B2 is reloaded when the timer B2 underflows). 4. The INV13 bit is enabled only when the INV06 bit is set to 0 (Triangular wave modulation mode) and the INV11 bit to 1 (three-phase mode 1). 5. If the following conditions are all met, set the INV16 bit to 1 (rising edge of the three-phase output shift register). The INV15 bit is set to 0 (dead time timer enabled) The Dij bit (i=U, V or W, j=0, 1) and DiBj bit always have different values when the INV03 bit is set to 1. (The positive-phase and negative-phase always output opposite level signals.) If above conditions are not met, set the INV16 bit to 0 (falling edge of a one-shot pulse of timers A1, A2, and A4). 6. Selected by the PCLK0 bit in the PCLKR register. Figure 14.3 INVC1 Register Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 141 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 14. Three-Phase Motor Control Timer Function Three-Phase Output Buffer Register i (i = 0, 1) (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol IDB0, IDB1 0 0 Bit Symbol Address 01CAh, 01CBh Bit Name DUi U-phase output buffer i DUBi U-phase output buffer i DVi V-phase output buffer i DVBi V-phase output buffer i DWi W-phase output buffer i DWBi - W-phase output buffer i (b7-b6) Reserved bits After Reset 00111111b Function RW Write output level 0: Active level 1: Inactive level RW When read, the value of the threephase shift register is read. RW RW RW RW RW Set to 0 RO NOTE: 1. The values of registers IDB0 and IDB1 are transferred to the three-phase output shift register by a transfer trigger. After the transfer trigger occurs, the values written in the IDB0 register determine each phase output signal first. Then the value written in the IDB1 register on the falling edge of timers A1, A2, and A4 one-shot pulse determines each phase output signal. Dead Time Timer (1) (2) b7 b0 Symbol DTT Address 01CCh After Reset Undefined Function Setting Range RW If setting value is n, the timer stops when counting n times a count source selected by the INV12 bit in the INVC1 register after start trigger occurs. Positive or negative phase, which changes from inactive level to active level, shifts when the dead time timer stops. 1 to 255 WO NOTES: 1. Use the MOV instruction to set the DTT register. 2. The DTT register is enabled when the INV15 bit in the INVC1 register is set to 0 (dead time enabled). No dead time can be set when the INV15 bit is set to 1 (dead time disabled). The INV06 bit in the INVC0 register determines start trigger of the DTT register. Figure 14.4 Registers IDB0, IDB1, and DTT Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 142 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 14. Three-Phase Motor Control Timer Function Timer Ai, Ai-1 Register (i = 1, 2, 4) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) b15 b8 b7 b0 Symbol TA1, TA2, TA4 TA11, TA21, TA41 (7) Address 0389h - 0388h, 038Bh - 038Ah, 038Fh - 038Eh 01C3h - 01C2h, 01C5h - 01C4h, 01C7h - 01C6h Function If setting value is n, the timer stops when the nth count source is counted after a start trigger is generated. Positive phase changes to negative phase, and vice versa, when timers A1, A2, and A4 stop. After Reset Undefined Undefined Setting Range RW 0000h to FFFFh WO NOTES: 1. Use a 16-bit data for read and write. 2. If the TAi or TAi1 register is set to 0000h, no counters start and no timer Ai interrupt is generated. 3. Use the MOV instruction to set registers TAi and TAi1. 4. When the INV15 bit in the INVC1 register is set to 0 (dead timer enabled), phase switches from an inactive level to an active level when the dead time timer stops. 5. When the INV11 bit in the INVC1 register is set to 0 (three-phase mode 0), the value of the TAi register is transferred to the reload register by a timer Ai start trigger. When the INV11 bit is set to 1 (three-phase mode 1), the value of the TAi1 register is first transferred to the reload register by a timer Ai start trigger. Then, the value of the TAi register is transferred by the next trigger. The values of registers TAi1 and TAi are transferred alternately to the reload register with every timer Ai start trigger. 6. Do not write to these registers when the timer B2 underflows. 7. Follow the procedure below to set the TAi1 register. (a) Write value to the TAi1 register, (b) Wait one timer Ai count source cycle, and (c) Write the same value as (a) to the TAi1 register. Timer B2 Register (1) b15 b8 b7 b0 Symbol TB2 Address 0395h - 0394h Setting Range RW If setting value is n, count source is divided by n+1. 0000h to FFFFh Timers A1, A2, and A4 start every time an underflow occurs. RW Function NOTE: 1. Use a 16-bit data for read and write. Figure 14.5 Registers TA1, TA2, TA4, TA11, TA21, TA41, and TB2 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 After Reset Undefined page 143 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 14. Three-Phase Motor Control Timer Function Timer B2 Interrupt Generation Frequency Set Counter (1) (2) (3) b7 b0 Symbol ICTB2 Address 01CDh After Reset Undefined Function Setting Range RW When the INV01 bit in the INVC0 register is set to 0 (the ICTB2 counter increments whenever the timer B2 underflows) and the setting value is n, the timer B2 interrupt is generated every nth time timer B2 underflow occurs. When the INV01 bit is set to 1 (the INV00 bit selects count timing of the ICTB2 counter) and setting value is n, the timer B2 interrupt is generated every nth time timer B2 underflow meeting the condition selected in the INV00 bit occurs. 1 to 15 WO Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. NOTES: 1. Use the MOV instruction to set the ICTB2 register. 2. If the INV01 bit is set to 1, set the ICTB2 register when the TB2S bit is set to 0 (timer B2 count stops), If the INV01 bit is set to 0 and the TB2S bit to 1 (timer B2 count starts), do not set the ICTB2 register when the timer B2 underflows. 3. If the INV00 bit is set to 1, the first interrupt is generated when the timer B2 underflows n-1 times, n being the value set in the ICTB2 counter. Subsequent interrupts are generated every n times the timer B2 underflows. Timer B2 Special Mode Register (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol TB2SC Bit Symbol PWCON Address 039Eh Bit Name Timer B2 reload timing switching bit After Reset XXXXXX00b Function 0 : Timer B2 underflow 1 : Timer A output at odd-numbered occurrences (2) RW RW 0 : Three-phase output forcible cutoff by NMI input (high-impedance) disabled Three-phase output port IVPCR1 RW 1 : Three-phase output forcible cutoff NMI control bit 1 (3) by NMI input (high-impedance) enabled (b7-b2) Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is 0. - NOTES: 1. Write to this register after setting the PRC1 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (write enabled). 2. If the INV11 bit in the INVC1 register is 0 (three-phase mode 0) or the INV06 bit in the INVC0 register is 1 (sawtooth wave modulation mode), set this bit to 0 (timer B2 underflow). 3. Related pins are U(P8_0/TA4OUT/(SIN4)), U(P8_1/TA4IN), V(P7_2/CLK2/TA1OUT), V(P7_3/CTS2/RTS2/TA1IN), W(P7_4/TA2OUT/(CLK4)), W(P7_5/TA2IN/(SOUT4)). If a low-level signal is applied to the NMI pin when the IVPCR1 bit = 1, the target pins go to a high-impedance state regardless of which functions of those pins are being used. After forced interrupt (cutoff), input "H" to the NMI pin and set the IVPCR1 bit to 0: this forced cutoff will be reset. Figure 14.6 Registers ICTB2 and TB2SC Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 144 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 14. Three-Phase Motor Control Timer Function Trigger Select Register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol TRGSR Bit Symbol Address 0383h After Reset 00h Function Bit Name RW TA1TGL Timer A1 event/trigger TA1TGH select bits RW Set to 01b (TB2 underflow) before using a V-phase output control circuit RW TA2TGL Timer A2 event/trigger TA2TGH select bits RW Set to 01b (TB2 underflow) before using a W-phase output control circuit RW b5 b4 TA3TGL Timer A3 event/trigger select bits TA3TGH TA4TGL Timer A4 event/trigger TA4TGH select bits 0 0 1 1 0 : Input on TA3IN pin is selected (1) RW 1 : TB2 is selected (2) 0 : TA2 is selected (2) RW 1 : TA4 is selected (2) RW Set to 01b (TB2 underflow) before using a U-phase output control circuit RW NOTES: 1. Set the corresponding port direction bit to 0 (input mode). 2. Overflow or underflow. Count Start Flag b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol TABSR Bit Symbol TA0S Bit Name After Reset 00h Function RW RW TA1S Timer A0 count start flag 0 : Count stops 1 : Count starts Timer A1 count start flag TA2S Timer A2 count start flag RW TA3S Timer A3 count start flag RW TA4S Timer A4 count start flag RW TB0S Timer B0 count start flag RW TB1S Timer B1 count start flag RW TB2S Timer B2 count start flag RW Figure 14.7 Registers TRGSR and TRBSR Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 Address 0380h page 145 of 378 RW M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 14. Three-Phase Motor Control Timer Function Timer Ai Mode Register (i = 1, 2, 4) b7 b6 b5 b4 0 1 0 b3 b2 b1 b0 0 1 0 Symbol TA1MR, TA2MR, TA4MR Bit Symbol Address 0397h, 0398h, 039Ah Bit Name TMOD0 Operating mode TMOD1 select bits After Reset 00h Function Set to 10b (one-shot timer mode) when using the three-phase motor control timer function RW RW RW MR0 Pulse output function select bit Set to 0 when using the three-phase RW motor control timer function MR1 External trigger select bit Set to 0 when using the three-phase motor control timer function MR2 Trigger select bit Set to 1 (selected by the TRGSR register) when using the three-phase RW motor control timer function MR3 Set to 0 when using the three-phase motor control timer function RW RW b7 b6 TCK0 Count source select bits TCK1 0 0 1 1 0 : f1 or f2 (1) 1 : f8 0 : f32 1 : fC32 RW RW NOTE: 1. Selected by the PCLK0 bit in the PCLKR register. Timer B2 Mode Register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 0 b2 b1 b0 0 0 Symbol TB2MR Bit Symbol Address 039Dh After Reset 00XX0000b Bit Name Function RW MR1 Set to 00b (timer mode) when using the three-phase motor control timer function Disabled when using the three-phase motor control timer function. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. MR2 Set to 0 when using the three-phase motor control timer function RW MR3 If necessary, set to 0 when using the three-phase motor control timer function. When read when using the three-phase motor control timer function, the content is undefined. TMOD0 Operating mode TMOD1 select bits MR0 RW RW RW RW RO b7 b6 TCK0 Count source select bits TCK1 0 0 1 1 NOTE: 1. Selected by the PCLK0 bit in the PCLKR register. Figure 14.8 Registers TA1MR, TA2MR, TA4MR, and TB2MR Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 146 of 378 0 : f1 or f2 (1) 1 : f8 0 : f32 1 : fC32 RW RW M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 14. Three-Phase Motor Control Timer Function The three-phase motor control timer function is enabled by setting the INV02 bit in the INVC0 register to 1. When this function is selected, timer B2 is used to__control the carrier wave, and timers A4, A1, and A2 are ___ ___ used to control three-phase PWM outputs (U, U, V, V, W, and W). The dead time is controlled by a dedicated dead-time timer. Figure 14.9 shows an Example of Triangular Wave Modulation Opertation and Figure 14.10 shows an Example of Sawtooth Wave Modulation Operation. Triangular waveform as a carrier wave Triangular Wave Signal Wave TB2S bit in TABSR register Timer B2 Timer A1 reload control signal (1) Timer A4 (1) start trigger signal TA4 register (2) m n p q r TA4-1 register (2) m n p q r Reload register (2) m Timer A4 (1) one-shot pulse m m n m n n n p p p n q p q q Rewrite registers IDB0 and IDB1 U-phase output (1) signal Transfer a counter value to the three-phase shift register U-phase output signal(1) INV14 = 0 ("L" active) q U-phase U-phase Dead time INV14 = 1 ("H" active) U-phase Dead time U-phase INV00, INV01: Bits in the INVC0 register INV11, INV14: Bits in the INVC1 register NOTES: 1.Internal signals. See Figure 14.1 Three-Phase Motor Control Timer Functions Block Diagram. 2.Applies only when the INV11 bit is set to 1 (three-phase mode). The above applies to INVC0 = 00XX11XXb and INVC1 = 010XXXX0b (X varies depending on each system.) Examples of PWM output change are (b) When INV11=0 (three-phase mode 0) (a) When INV11=1 (three-phase mode 1) - INV01=0, ICTB2=1h (The timer B2 interrupt is generated - INV01=0 and ICTB2=2h (The timer B2 interrupt is whenever the timer B2 underflows) generated with every second timer B2 underflow) or - Default value of the timer: TA4=m INV01= 1, INV00=1 and ICTB2=1h (The timer B2 interrupt is The TA4 register is changed whenever the timer B2 generated on the falling edge of the timer A reload control interrupt is generated. signal) First time: TA4=m. Second time: TA4=n. - Default value of the timer: TA41=m, TA4=m Third time: TA4=n. Fourth time: TA=p. Registers TA4 and TA41 are changed whenever the Fifth time: TA4=p. timer B2 interrupt is generated. - Default value of registers IDB0 and IDB1: First time: TA41=n, TA4=n. DU0=1, DUB0=0, DU1=0, DUB1=1 Second time: TA41=p, TA4=p. They are changed to DU0=1, DUB0=0, DU1=1, DUB1=0 by - Default value of registers IDB0 and IDB1 the sixth timer B2 interrupt. DU0=1, DUB0=0, DU1=0, DUB1=1 They are changed to DU0=1, DUB0=0, DU1=1, DUB1=0 by the third timer B2 interrupt. Figure 14.9 Triangular Wave Modulation Operation Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 147 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 14. Three-Phase Motor Control Timer Function Sawtooth waveform as a carrier wave Sawtooth wave Signal wave Timer B2 Timer A4 start trigger signal(1) Timer A4 one-shot pulse(1) Rewrite registers IDB0 and IDB1 Transfer the counter to the three-phase shift register U-Phase output (1) signal U-Phase output signal(1) U-phase INV14 = 0 ("L" active) Dead time U-phase U-phase INV14 = 1 ("H" active) Dead time U-phase INV14: Bits in the INVC1 register NOTES: 1. Internal signals. See Figure 14.1 Three-Phase Motor Control Timer Functions Block Diagram. The above applies to INVC0 = 01XX110Xb and INVC1 = 010XXX00b (X varies depending on each system.) The examples of PWM output change are - Default value of registers IDB0 and IDB1: DU0=0, DUB0=1, DU1=1, DUB1=1 They are changed to DU0=1, DUB0=0, DU1=1, DUB1=1 by the timer B2 interrupt. Figure 14.10 Sawtooth Wave Modulation Operation Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 148 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface 15. Serial Interface Serial interface is configured with 7 channels: UART0 to UART2 and SI/O3 to SI/O6 (1). NOTE: 1. 100-pin version supports 5 channels; UART0 to UART2, SI/O3, SI/O4 128-pin version supports 7 channels; UART0 to UART2, SI/O3 to SI/O6 15.1 UARTi (i = 0 to 2) UARTi each have an exclusive timer to generate a transfer clock, so they operate independently of each other. Figures 15.1 to 15.3 show the UARTi Block Diagram. Figure 15.4 shows the UARTi Transmit/Receive Unit. UARTi has the following modes: * Clock synchronous serial I/O mode * Clock asynchronous serial I/O mode (UART mode). * Special mode 1 (I2C mode) * Special mode 2 * Special mode 3 (Bus collision detection function, IE mode) * Special mode 4 (SIM mode) : UART2 Figures 15.5 to 15.10 show the UARTi-related registers. Refer to tables listing each mode for register setting. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 149 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface 1/2 Main clock, PLL clock, or on-chip oscillator clock f2SIO 0 f1SIO 1 PCLK1 f1SIO or f2SIO f8SIO 1/8 1/4 (UART0) RXD polarity reversing circuit RXD0 1/16 Clock source selection CLK1 to CLK0 f1SIO or f2SIO 00h Reception control circuit Clock synchronous type 001 CKDIR Internal 01h f8SIO 10h f32SIO UART reception SMD2 to SMD0 010, 100, 101, 110 f32SIO Receive clock Transmit/ receive unit TXD polarity reversing circuit TXD0 U0BRG register 0 UART transmission 010, 100, 101, 110 Clock synchronous type 001 1 / (n0+1) 1/16 1 External 1/2 Transmission control circuit Transmit clock Clock synchronous type (when internal clock is selected) 0 1 Clock synchronous type (when internal clock is selected) CKPOL CLK0 CLK polarity reversing circuit Clock synchronous CKDIR type (when external clock is selected) CTS/RTS disabled CTS/RTS selected CTS0 / RTS0 RTS0 1 CRS 0 RCSP 0 CTS0 from UART1 CTS/RTS disabled 0 1 CTS0 1 CRD VSS n0: Values set to the U0BRG register PCLK1: Bit in PCLKR register SMD2 to SMD0, CKDIR: Bits in U0MR register CLK1 to CLK0, CKPOL, CRD, CRS: Bits in U0C0 register RCSP: Bit in UCON register Figure 15.1 UART0 Block Diagram 1/2 1/2 Main clock, PLL clock, or on-chip oscillator clock f2SIO 0 f1SIO 1 PCLK1 f1SIO or f2SIO f8SIO 1/8 f32SIO 1/4 (UART1) RXD polarity reversing circuit RXD1 1/16 Clock source selection f1SIO or f2SIO f8SIO f32SIO CLK1 to CLK0 00 01 UART reception SMD2 to SMD0 010, 100, 101, 110 CKDIR Internal U1BRG register 0 10 1 / (n1+1) 1/16 UART transmission 010, 100, 101, 110 External 1/2 Clock synchronous type (when internal clock is selected) 0 Clock synchronous type (when external clock is selected)) CKPOL CLK1 0 CLKMD0 Transmission control circuit Clock synchronous type 001 1 CLK polarity reversing circuit Reception control circuit Clock synchronous type 001 1 Clock synchronous type (when internal clock is selected) CKDIR 1 CTS1 / RTS1/ CTS0 / CLKS1 Clock output pin select 1 CTS/RTS selected CTS/RTS disabled CRS 1 RTS1 0 CLKMD1 0 0 CTS/RTS disabled 0 1 1 CRD n1: Values set to the U1BRG register VSS PCLK1: Bit in PCLKR register SMD2 to SMD0, CKDIR: Bits in U1MR register CLK1 to CLK0, CKPOL, CRD, CRS: Bits in U1C0 register CLKMD0, CLKMD1, RCSP: Bits in UCON register Figure 15.2 UART1 Block Diagram Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 150 of 378 RCSP CTS1 CTS0 from UART0 Receive clock Transmit clock Transmit/ receive unit TXD polarity reversing circuit TXD1 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface 1/2 Main clock, PLL clock, or on-chip oscillator clock f2SIO 0 f1SIO 1 PCLK1 f1SIO or f2SIO f8SIO 1/8 1/4 (UART2) RXD polarity reversing circuit RXD2 1/16 Clock source selection f1SIO or f2SIO f8SIO f32SIO CLK1 to CLK0 00 CKDIR Internal 01 0 10 UART reception SMD2 to SMD0 010, 100, 101, 110 Clock synchronous type 001 Reception control circuit UART transmission 1/16 010, 100, 101, 110 Clock synchronous type 001 Transmission control circuit 1 / (n2+1) External 1/2 Clock synchronous type (when internal clock is selected) 0 1 Clock synchronous type (when external clock is selected) CKDIR Clock synchronous type (when internal clock is selected) CLK2 CLK polarity reversing circuit CTS/RTS disabled CTS/RTS selected CTS2 / RTS2 RTS2 1 CTS/RTS disabled CRS 0 0 1 CRD n2: Values set to the U2BRG register VSS PCLK1: Bit in PCLKR register SMD2 to SMD0, CKDIR: Bits in U2MR register CLK1 to CLK0, CKPOL, CRD, CRS: Bits in U2C0 register Figure 15.3 UART2 Block Diagram Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 Receive clock U2BRG register 1 CKPOL f32SIO page 151 of 378 CTS2 Transmit clock Transmit/ receive unit TXD polarity reversing circuit TXD2 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface IOPOL No reverse RXDi 0 RXD data reverse circuit 1 Clock synchronous type Reverse PRYE STPS PAR disabled 1SP 0 0 SP SP UART(7 bits) 0 UARTi receive register 0 0 PAR 1 1 1 1 SMD2 to SMD0 UART (9 bits) PAR enabled 2SP 0 UART (7 bits) UART (8 bits) Clock synchronous type 0 0 UART 0 0 0 0 1 Clock synchronous type UART (8 bits) UART (9 bits) D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 UiRB register Logic reverse circuit + MSB/LSB conversion circuit Data bus high-order bits Data bus low-order bits Logic reverse circuit + MSB/LSB conversion circuit D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 UiTB register UART (8 bits) UART (9 bits) PRYE STPS PAR enabled 2SP 1 1 SP SP SMD2 to SMD0 UART UART PAR 0 1SP 1 (9 bits) Clock synchronous type 1 1 0 0 0 0 PAR disabled Clock synchronous type UART (7 bits) UART (8 bits) Clock synchronous type i = 0 to 2 UARTi transmit register UART(7 bits) Error signal output disable 0 UiERE 1 SP: Stop bit PAR: Parity bit SMD2 to SMD0, STPS, PRYE, IOPOL, CKDIR: Bits in UiMR register CLK1 to CLK0, CKPOL, CRD, CRS: Bits in UiC0 register UiERE: Bit in UiC1 register Figure 15.4 UARTi Transmit/Receive Unit Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 152 of 378 Error signal output circuit Error signal output enable IOPOL 0 1 No reverse TXD data reverse circuit Reverse TXDi M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface UARTi Transmit Buffer Register (i = 0 to 2) (1) (b15) b7 (b8) b0 b7 b0 Symbol Address U0TB U1TB U2TB 03A3h to 03A2h 03ABh to 03AAh 01FBh to 01FAh Bit Symbol (b8-b0) (b15-b9) After Reset Undefined Undefined Undefined RW Function Transmit data WO Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. - NOTE: 1. Use the MOV instruction to write to this register. UARTi Receive Buffer Register (i = 0 to 2) (b15) b7 (b8) b0 b7 b0 Bit Symbol (b7-b0) (b8) - Symbol Address U0RB U1RB U2RB 03A7h to 03A6h 03AFh to 03AEh 01FFh to 01FEh After Reset Undefined Undefined Undefined Function RW - Receive data (D7 to D0) RO - Receive data (D8) RO Bit Name Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. - (b10-b9) When read, the content is 0. ABT Arbitration lost detecting flag (1) OER Overrun error flag (2) FER Framing error flag (2) (3) PER Parity error flag (2) (3) SUM Error sum flag (2) (3) 0 : Not detected 1 : Detected 0 : No overrun error 1 : Overrun error found 0 : No framing error 1 : Framing error found 0 : No parity error 1 : Parity error found 0 : No error 1 : Error found RW RO RO RO RO NOTES: 1. The ABT bit is set to 0 by writing 0 in a program. (Writing 1 has no effect.) 2. When bits SMD2 to SMD0 in the UiMR register = 000b (serial interface disabled) or the RE bit in the UiC1 register = 0 (reception disabled), all of bits SUM, PER, FER, and OER are set to 0 (no error). The SUM bit is set to 0 (no error) when all of the PER, FER and OER bits are = 0 (no error). Also, the PER and FER bits are set to 0 by reading the lower byte of the UiRB register. 3. These error flags are disabled when bits SMD2 to SMD0 in the UiMR register are set to 001b (clock synchronous serial I/O mode) or to 010b (I2C mode). When read, the content is undefined. UARTi Bit Rate Register (i = 0 to 2) (1) (2) (3) b7 b0 Bit Symbol (b7-b0) Symbol Address U0BRG U1BRG U2BRG 03A1h 03A9h 01F9h Function Assuming that set value = n, UiBRG divides the count source by n + 1 After Reset Undefined Undefined Undefined Setting Range 00h to FFh NOTES: 1. Write to this register while serial interface is neither transmitting nor receiving. 2. Use the MOV instruction to write to this register. 3. Write to this register after setting bits CLK1 to CLK0 in the UiC0 register. Figure 15.5 Registers U0TB to U2TB, U0RB to U2RB, and U0BRG to U2BRG Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 153 of 378 RW WO M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface UARTi Transmit/Receive Mode Register (i = 0 to 2) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol U0MR to U2MR Bit Symbol Address 03A0h, 03A8h, 01F8h Bit Name After Reset 00h RW Function b2 b1 b0 : Serial interface disabled : Clock synchronous serial I/O mode : I2C mode (2) SMD1 : UART mode transfer data 7-bit long : UART mode transfer data 8-bit long : UART mode transfer data 9-bit long SMD2 Do not set a value except above Internal/external clock 0 : Internal clock CKDIR select bit 1 : External clock (3) 0 : 1 stop bit Stop bit length STPS select bit 1 : 2 stop bits Effective when the PRYE bit = 1 Odd/even parity 0 : Odd parity PRY select bit 1 : Even parity 0 : Parity disabled PRYE Parity enable bit 1 : Parity enabled TXD, RXD I/O polarity 0 : No reverse IOPOL reverse bit 1 : Reverse 000 001 010 100 101 110 SMD0 Serial I/O mode select bits (1) RW RW RW RW RW RW RW RW NOTES: 1. To receive data, set the corresponding port direction bit for each RXDi pin to 0 (input mode). 2. Set the corresponding port direction bit for pins SCL and SDA to 0 (input mode). 3. Set the corresponding port direction bit for each CLKi pin to 0 (input mode). UARTi Transmit/Receive Control Register 0 (i = 0 to 2) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol U0C0 to U2C0 Bit Symbol Address 03A4h, 03ACh, 01FCh Bit Name CLK1 CRS UiBRG count source select bits (5) CTS/RTS function select bit (1) Transmit register TXEPT empty flag CRD CTS/RTS disable bit NCH Data output select bit (3) CKPOL CLK polarity select bit UFORM Transfer format select bit (4) RW Function b1 b0 CLK0 After Reset 00001000b 0 0 : f1SIO or f2SIO is selected 0 1 : f8SIO is selected 1 0 : f32SIO is selected 1 1 : Do not set a value Effective when CRD = 0 0 : CTS function is selected (2) 1 : RTS function is selected (6) 0 : Data present in transmit register (during transmission) 1 : No data present in transmit register (transmission completed) RW RW RW RO 0 : CTS/RTS function enabled 1 : CTS/RTS function disabled RW (P6_0, P6_4, P7_3 can be used as I/O ports) 0 : Pins TXDi/SDAi and SCLi are CMOS output 1 : Pins TXDi/SDAi and SCLi are RW N channel open-drain output 0 : Transmit data is output at falling edge of transfer clock and receive data is input at rising edge 1 : Transmit data is output at rising edge RW of transfer clock and receive data is input at falling edge 0 : LSB first 1 : MSB first RW NOTES: 1. CTS1/RTS1 can be used when the CLKMD1 bit in the UCON register = 0 (only CLK1 output) and the RCSP bit in the UCON register = 0 (CTS0/RTS0 not separated). 2. Set the corresponding port direction bit for each CTSi pin to 0 (input mode). 3. SCL2/P7_1 is N channel open-drain output. The NCH bit in the U2C0 register is N channel open-drain output regardless of the NCH bit. 4. The UFORM bit is enabled when bits SMD2 to SMD0 in the UiMR register are set to 001b (clock synchronous serial I/O mode), or 101b (UART mode, 8-bit transfer data). Set this bit to 1 when bits SMD2 to SMD0 are set to 010b (I2C mode), and to 0 when bits SMD2 to SMD0 are set to 100b (UART mode, 7-bit transfer data) or 110b (UART mode, 9-bit transfer data). 5. When changing bits CLK1 to CLK0, set the UiBRG register. 6. Selected by the PCLK1 bit in the PCLKR register. Figure 15.6 Registers U0MR to U2MR and U0C0 to U2C0 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 154 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface UARTj Transmit/Receive Control Register 1 (j = 0, 1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol U0C1, U1C1 Bit Bit Name Symbol TE TI RE RI (b5-b4) UjLCH UjERE Address 03A5h, 03ADh After Reset 00XX0010b RW Function 0 : Transmission disabled 1 : Transmission enabled 0 : Data present in the UjTB register Transmit buffer 1 : No data present in the UjTB register empty flag 0 : Reception disabled Receive enable bit 1 : Reception enabled 0 : No data present in the UjRB register Receive complete 1 : Data present in the UjRB register flag Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. 0 : No reverse Data logic 1 : Reverse select bit (1) 0 : Output disabled Error signal output 1 : Output enabled enable bit Transmit enable bit RW RO RW RO RW RW NOTE: 1. The UjLCH bit is enabled when bits SMD2 to SMD0 in the UjMR register are set to 001b (clock synchronous serial I/O mode), 100b (UART mode, 7-bit transfer data) or 101b (UART mode, 8-bit transfer data). Set this bit to 0 when bits SMD2 to SMD0 are set to 010b (I2C mode) or 110b (UART mode, 9-bit transfer data). UART2 Transmit/Receive Control Register 1 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol U2C1 Bit Symbol Address 01FDh Bit Name TE Transmit enable bit TI Transmit buffer empty flag RE Receive enable bit RI Receive complete flag After Reset 00000010b Function 0 : Transmission disabled 1 : Transmission enabled 0 : Data present in U2TB register 1 : No data present in U2TB register 0 : Reception disabled 1 : Reception enabled 0 : No data present in U2RB register 1 : Data present in U2RB register RW RW RO RW RO UART2 transmit interrupt source select bit UART2 continuous U2RRM receive mode enable bit 0 : Transmit buffer empty (TI bit = 1) 1 : Transmission completed (TXEPT bit = 1) RW 0 : Continuous receive mode disabled RW 1 : Continuous receive mode enabled Data logic U2LCH select bit (1) Error signal output U2ERE enable bit 0 : No reverse 1 : Reverse RW 0 : Output disabled 1 : Output enabled RW U2IRS NOTE: 1. The U2LCH bit is enabled when bits SMD2 to SMD0 in the U2MR register are set to 001b (clock synchronous serial I/O mode), 100b (UART mode, 7-bit transfer data) or 101b (UART mode, 8-bit transfer data). Set this bit to 0 when bits SMD2 to SMD0 are set to 010b (I2C mode) or 110b (UART mode, 9-bit transfer data). Figure 15.7 Registers U0C1, U1C1, and U2C1 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 155 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface UART Transmit/Receive Control Register 2 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol UCON Bit Symbol Address 03B0h Bit Name After Reset X0000000b RW Function 0 : Transmit buffer empty (Tl bit = 1) 1 : Transmission completed (TXEPT bit = 1) 0 : Transmit buffer empty (Tl bit = 1) 1 : Transmission completed (TXEPT bit = 1) 0 : Continuous receive mode disabled 1 : Continuous receive mode enabled 0 : Continuous receive mode disabled 1 : Continuous receive mode enabled Effective when the CLKMD1 bit = 1 UART1 CLK/CLKS 0 : Clock output from CLK1 CLKMD0 select bit 0 1 : Clock output from CLKS1 0 : CLK output is only CLK1 UART1 CLK/CLKS 1 : Transfer clock output from multiple CLKMD1 select bit 1 (1) pins function selected 0 : CTS/RTS shared pin Separate UART0 1 : CTS/RTS separated RCSP CTS/RTS bit (CTS0 supplied from the P6_4 pin) Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. (b7) When read, the content is undefined. UART0 transmit interrupt source select bit UART1 transmit interrupt U1IRS source select bit UART0 continuous U0RRM receive mode enable bit UART1 continuous U1RRM receive mode enable bit U0IRS RW RW RW RW RW RW RW - NOTE: 1. When using multiple transfer clock output pins, make sure the following conditions are met: The CKDIR bit in the U1MR register = 0 (internal clock) UARTi Special Mode Register (i = 0 to 2) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 0 b2 b1 b0 Symbol U0SMR to U2SMR Bit Symbol IICM ABC BBS (b3) Address 01EFh, 01F3h, 01F7h Bit Name After Reset X0000000b Function I 2C 0 : Other than mode 1 : I2C mode Arbitration lost detecting 0 : Update per bit 1 : Update per byte flag control bit 0 : STOP condition detected Bus busy flag 1 : START condition detected (busy) I2C mode select bit Reserved bit Set to 0 Bus collision detect 0 : Rising edge of transfer clock ABSCS sampling clock select bit 1 : Underflow signal of timer Aj (2) 0 : No auto clear function Auto clear function ACSE select bit of transmit 1 : Auto clear at occurrence of bus collision enable bit Transmit start condition 0 : Not synchronized to RXDi SSS select bit 1 : Synchronized to RXDi (3) Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. (b7) When read, the content is undefined. RW RW RW RW (1) RW RW RW RW - NOTES: 1. The BBS bit is set to 0 by writing 0 in a program (writing 1 has no effect). 2. Underflow signal of timer A3 in UART0, underflow signal of timer A4 in UART1, underflow signal of timer A0 in UART2. 3. When a transfer begins, the SSS bit is set to 0 (not synchronized to RXDi). Figure 15.8 Registers UCON, and U0SMR to U2SMR Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 156 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface UARTi Special Mode Register 2 (i = 0 to 2) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol U0SMR2 to U2SMR2 Address 01EEh, 01F2h, 01F6h Symbol Bit Bit Name IICM2 I2C mode select bit 2 CSC Clock-synchronous bit SWC ALS STAC SWC2 SDHI (b7) After Reset X0000000b RW Function See Table 15.12 I2C Mode Functions RW 0 : Disabled 1 : Enabled 0 : Disabled SCL wait output bit 1 : Enabled 0 : Disabled SDA output stop bit 1 : Enabled UARTi initialization 0 : Disabled bit 1 : Enabled SCL wait output 0: Transfer clock bit 2 1: "L" output SDA output disable 0: Enabled bit 1: Disabled (high-impedance) Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. RW RW RW RW RW RW - UARTi Special Mode Register 3 (i = 0 to 2) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol U0SMR3 to U2SMR3 Bit Symbol (b0) CKPH (b2) NODC (b4) Address 01EDh, 01F1h, 01F5h Bit Name Function After Reset 000X0X0Xb RW Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. 0 : Without clock delay Clock phase set bit RW 1 : With clock delay Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. 0 : CLKi is CMOS output Clock output select RW 1 : CLKi is N channel open-drain output bit Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. b7 b6 b5 DL0 DL1 DL2 SDAi digital delay setup bits (1) (2) 0 0 0 : Without delay RW 0 0 1 : 1 to 2 cycle(s) of UiBRG count source 0 1 0 : 2 to 3 cycles of UiBRG count source 0 1 1 : 3 to 4 cycles of UiBRG count source RW 1 0 0 : 4 to 5 cycles of UiBRG count source 1 0 1 : 5 to 6 cycles of UiBRG count source 1 1 0 : 6 to 7 cycles of UiBRG count source RW 1 1 1 : 7 to 8 cycles of UiBRG count source NOTES: 1. Bits DL2 to DL0 are used to generate a delay in SDAi output by digital means during I2C mode. In other than I2C mode, set these bits to 000b (no delay). 2. The amount of delay varies with the load on pins SCLi and SDAi. Also, when using an external clock, the amount of delay increases by about 100 ns. Figure 15.9 Registers U0SMR2 to U2SMR2 and U0SMR3 to U2SMR3 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 157 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface UARTi Special Mode Register 4 (i = 0 to 2) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol U0SMR4 to U2SMR4 Bit Symbol Bit Name Start condition generate bit (1) Restart condition RSTAREQ generate bit (1) Stop condition STPREQ generate bit (1) SCL,SDA output STSPSEL select bit STAREQ ACKD ACKC SCLHI SWC9 ACK data bit ACK data output enable bit SCL output stop enable bit SCL wait bit 3 NOTE: 1. Set to 0 when each condition is generated. Figure 15.10 Registers U0SMR4 to U2SMR4 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 158 of 378 Address 01ECh, 01F0h, 01F4h After Reset 00h Function 0 : Clear 1 : Start 0 : Clear 1 : Start 0 : Clear 1 : Start 0 : Start and stop conditions not output 1 : Start and stop conditions output 0 : ACK 1 : NACK 0 : Serial interface data output 1 : ACK data output 0 : Disabled 1 : Enabled 0 : SCL "L" hold disabled 1 : SCL "L" hold enabled RW RW RW RW RW RW RW RW RW M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface 15.1.1 Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Mode The clock synchronous serial I/O mode uses a transfer clock to transmit and receive data. Table 15.1 lists the Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Mode Specifications. Table 15.2 lists the Registers to be Used in and Setting in Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Mode. Table 15.1 Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Mode Specifications Item Transfer data format Transfer clock Specification Transmit/receive control Transmit start condition Receive start condition Interrupt request generation timing Error detection Select function Transfer data length: 8 bits The CKDIR bit in the UiMR register = 0 (internal clock) : fj/(2(n+1)) * fj = f1SIO, f2SIO, f8SIO, f32SIO. n: Setting value of the UiBRG register 00h to FFh The CKDIR bit = 1 (external clock) : Input from CLKi pin _______ _______ _______ _______ Selectable from CTS function, RTS function or CTS/RTS function disabled Before transmission can start, meet the following requirements (1) * The TE bit in the UiC1 register = 1 (transmission enabled) * The TI bit in the UiC1 register = 0 (data present in the UiTB register) _______ _______ * If CTS function is selected, input on the CTSi pin = L Before reception can start, meet the following requirements (1) * The RE bit in the UiC1 register = 1 (reception enabled) * The TE bit in the UiC1 register = 1 (transmission enabled) * The TI bit in the UiC1 register = 0 (data present in the UiTB register) For transmission, one of the following conditions can be selected * The UiIRS bit (2) = 0 (transmit buffer empty): when transferring data from the UiTB register to the UARTi transmit register (at start of transmission) * The UiIRS bit =1 (transmission completed): when the serial interface finished transmitting data from the UARTi transmit register For reception * When transferring data from the UARTi receive register to the UiRB register (at completion of reception) Overrun error (3) This error occurs if the serial interface started receiving the next data before reading the UiRB register and received the 7th bit of the next data * CLK polarity selection Transfer data input/output can be selected to occur synchronously with the rising or the falling edge of the transfer clock * LSB first, MSB first selection Whether to start transmitting or receiving data begins with bit 0 or begins with bit 7 can be selected * Continuous receive mode selection Reception is enabled immediately by reading the UiRB register * Switching serial data logic This function reverses the logic value of the transmit/receive data * Transfer clock output from multiple pins selection (UART1) The output pin can be selected in a program from two UART1 transfer clock pins that have been set _______ _______ * Separate CTS/RTS pins (UART0) _________ _________ CTS0 and RTS0 are input/output from separate pins i = 0 to 2 NOTES: 1. When an external clock is selected, the conditions must be met while if the CKPOL bit in the UiC0 register = 0 (transmit data output at the falling edge and the receive data taken in at the rising edge of the transfer clock), the external clock is in the high state; if the CKPOL bit in the UiC0 register = 1 (transmit data output at the rising edge and the receive data taken in at the falling edge of the transfer clock), the external clock is in the low state. 2. Bits U0IRS and U1IRS are bits 0 and 1 in the UCON register; the U2IRS bit is bit 4 in the U2C1 register. 3. If an overrun error occurs, the receive data of UiRB register will be undefined. The IR bit in the SiRIC register remains unchanged. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 159 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface Table 15.2 Registers to be Used and Settings in Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Mode Register Bit Function UiTB (1) 0 to 7 UiRB (1) 0 to 7 Receive data can be read OER Overrun error flag Set transmit data UiBRG 0 to 7 Set a bit rate UiMR (1) SMD2 to SMD0 Set to 001b CKDIR Select the internal clock or external clock IOPOL Set to 0 UiC0 CLK1 to CLK0 Select the count source for the UiBRG register CRS Select CTS or RTS to use TXEPT Transmit register empty flag CRD Select CTS/RTS function enabled or disabled NCH Select TXDi pin output mode CKPOL Select the transfer clock polarity UFORM Select the LSB first or MSB first TE Set this bit to 1 to enable transmission _______ _______ _______ _______ UiC1 TI Transmit buffer empty flag RE Set this bit to 1 to enable reception RI Reception complete flag U2IRS (2) Select the UART2 transmit interrupt source U2RRM (2) Set this bit to 1 to use continuous receive mode UiLCH Set this bit to 1 to use inverted data logic UiERE Set to 0 UiSMR 0 to 7 Set to 0 UiSMR2 0 to 7 Set to 0 UiSMR3 0 to 2 Set to 0 NODC Select clock output mode 4 to 7 Set to 0 UiSMR4 0 to 7 Set to 0 UCON U0IRS, U1IRS Select the UART0/UART1 transmit interrupt source U0RRM, U1RRM Set this bit to 1 to use continuous receive mode CLKMD0 Select the transfer clock output pin when the CLKMD1 bit = 1 CLKMD1 Set this bit to 1 to output UART1 transfer clock from two pins RCSP Set this bit to 1 to accept as input the CTS0 signal of the UART0 from the P6_4 pin 7 Set to 0 _________ i = 0 to 2 NOTES: 1. Not all register bits are described above. Set those bits to 0 when writing to the registers in clock synchronous serial I/O mode. 2. Set bits 4 and 5 in registers U0C1 and U1C1 to 0. Bits U0IRS, U1IRS, U0RRM, and U1RRM are in the UCON register. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 160 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface Table 15.3 lists the I/O Pin Functions (when not select multiple transfer clock output pin select function) in clock synchronous serial I/O mode. Table 15.4 lists the P6_4 Pin Functions in clock synchronous serial I/O mode. Note that for a period from when the UARTi operating mode is selected to when transfer starts, the TXDi pin outputs an "H". Figure 15.11 shows the Transmit/Receive Operation during clock synchronous serial I/O mode. Table 15.3 I/O Pin Functions (when not select multiple transfer clock output pin select function) Pin Name TXDi Function Serial data output Method of Selection (Outputs dummy data when performing reception only) (P6_3, P6_7, P7_0) RXDi Serial data input (P6_2, P6_6, P7_1) Bits PD6_2 and PD6_6 in PD6 register = 0 PD7_1 bit in PD7 register = 0 (Can be used as an input port when performing transmission only) CLKi Transfer clock output (P6_1, P6_5, P7_2) Transfer clock input CKDIR bit in UiMR register = 0 CKDIR bit = 1 Bits PD6_1 and PD6_5 in PD6 register = 0 _________ ________ ________ CTSi/RTSi CTS input (P6_0, P6_4, P7_3) PD7_2 bit in PD7 register = 0 CRD bit in UiC0 register = 0 CRS bit in UiC0 register = 0 ________ RTS output Bits PD6_0 and PD6_4 in PD6 register = 0 PD7_3 bit in PD7 register = 0 CRD bit = 0 CRS bit = 1 I/O port CRD bit = 1 i = 0 to 2 Table 15.4 P6_4 Pin Functions Bit set Value Pin Function P6_4 _________ CTS1 _________ RTS1 _________ CTS0 (1) CLKS1 -: 0 or 1 NOTES: U1C0 Register CRD bit CRS bit 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 - RCSP 0 0 0 1 - UCON Register bit CLKMD1 bit CLKMD0 bit 0 0 0 0 (2) 1 1 PD6 Register PD6_4 bit Input: 0, Output: 1 0 0 - __________ __________ 1. In addition to this, set the__________ CRD bit in the U0C0 register to 0 (CTS0/RTS0 enabled) and the CRS bit in the U0C0 register to 1 (RTS0 selected). 2. When the CLKMD1 bit = 1 and the CLKMD0 bit = 0, the following logic levels are output: * High if the CLKPOL bit in the U1C0 register = 0 * Low if the CLKPOL bit = 1 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 161 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface (1) Example of transmit timing (when internal clock is selected) TC Transfer clock 1 TE bit in UiC1 register 0 Data is set to the UiTB register 1 TI bit in UiC1 register 0 Data is transferred from the UiTB register to the UARTi transmit register "H" CTSi TCLK "L" Pulse stops because an "H" signal is applied to CTSi Pulse stops because the TE bit is set to 0 CLK i D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 TXDi TXEPT bit in UiC0 register 1 IR bit in SiTIC register 1 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 0 0 Set to 0 by an interrupt request acknowledgement or by program i = 0 to 2 The above timing diagram applies to the case where the register bits are set as follows: CKDIR bit in UiMR register = 0 (internal clock) CRD bit in UiC0 register = 0 (CTS/RTS enabled), CRS bit in UiC0 register = 0 (CTS selected) CKPOL bit in UiC0 register = 0 (transmit data output at the falling edge and receive data taken in at the rising edge of the transfer clock) UiIRS bit = 0 (an interrupt request occurs when the transmit buffer becomes empty): U0IRS bit is bit 0 in UCON register U1IRS bit is bit 1 in UCON register U2IRS bit is bit 4 in U2C1 register TC = TCLK = 2(n + 1) / fj fj: frequency of UiBRG count source (f1SIO, f2SIO, f8SIO, f32SIO) n: value set to the UiBRG register (2) Example of receive timing (when external clock is selected) RE bit in UiC1 register 1 TE bit in UiC1 register 1 TI bit in UiC1 register 1 0 0 Dummy data is set to the UiTB register 0 Data is transferred from the UiTB register to the UARTi transmit register "H" RTSi "L" 1 / fEXT An "L" signal is applied when the UiRB register is read CLKi Receive data is taken in D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 RXDi RI bit in UiC1 register 1 IR bit in SiRIC register 1 Data is transferred from UARTi receive register to the UiRB register D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 Read by the UiRB register 0 0 Set to 0 by an interrupt request acknowledgement or by program OER flag in UiRB 1 register 0 i = 0 to 2 The above timing diagram applies to the case where the register bits are set as follows: CKDIR bit in UiMR register = 1 (external clock) CRD bit in UiC0 register = 0 (CTS/RTS enabled), CRS bit in UiC0 register = 1 (RTS selected) CKPOL bit in UiC0 register = 0 (transmit data output at the falling edge and receive data taken in at the rising edge of the transfer clock) fEXT: frequency of external clock Figure 15.11 Transmit and Receive Operation Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 162 of 378 Make sure the following conditions are met when input to the CLKi pin before receiving data is high: TE bit in UiC1 register = 1 (transmission enabled) RE bit in UiC1 register = 1 (reception enabled) Write dummy data to the UiTB register M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface 15.1.1.1 Counter Measure for Communication Error Occurs If a communication error occurs while transmitting or receiving in clock synchronous serial I/O mode, follow the procedures below. * Resetting the UiRB register (i = 0 to 2) (1) Set the RE bit in the UiC1 register to 0 (reception disabled) (2) Set bits SMD2 to SMD0 in the UiMR register to 000b (serial interface disabled) (3) Set bits SMD2 to SMD0 in the UiMR register to 001b (clock synchronous serial I/O mode) (4) Set the RE bit in the UiC1 register to 1 (reception enabled) * Resetting the UiTB register (i = 0 to 2) (1) Set bits SMD2 to SMD0 in the UiMR register to 000b (serial interface disabled) (2) Set bits SMD2 to SMD0 in the UiMR register to 001b (clock synchronous serial I/O mode) (3) 1 (transmission enabled) is written to the TE bit in the UiC1 register, regardless of the TE bit 15.1.1.2 CLK Polarity Select Function Use the CKPOL bit in the UiC0 register (i = 0 to 2) to select the transfer clock polarity. Figure 15.12 shows the Transfer Clock Polarity. (1) When the CKPOL bit in the UiC0 register = 0 (transmit data output at the falling edge and the receive data taken in at the rising edge of the transfer clock) CLKi (NOTE 1) TXDi D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 RXDi D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 (2) When the CKPOL bit = 1 (transmit data output at the rising edge and the receive data taken in at the falling edge of the transfer clock) CLKi (NOTE 2) TXDi D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 RXDi D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 i = 0 to 2 * This applies to the case where the UFORM bit in the UiC0 register = 0 (LSB first) and the UiLCH bit in the UiC1 register = 0 (no reverse). NOTES: 1. When not transferring, the CLKi pin outputs a high signal. 2. When not transferring, the CLKi pin outputs a low signal. Figure 15.12 Transfer Clock Polarity Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 163 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface 15.1.1.3 LSB First/MSB First Select Function Use the UFORM bit in the UiC0 register (i = 0 to 2) to select the transfer format. Figure 15.13 shows the Transfer Format. (1) When the UFORM bit in the UiC0 register = 0 (LSB first) CLKi TXDi D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 RXDi D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 (2) When the UFORM bit = 1 (MSB first) CLKi TXDi D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 RXDi D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 i = 0 to 2 * This applies to the case where the CKPOL bit in the UiC0 register = 0 (transmit data output at the falling edge and the receive data taken in at the rising edge of the transfer clock) and the UiLCH bit in the UiC1 register = 0 (no reverse). Figure 15.13 Transfer Format 15.1.1.4 Continuous Receive Mode In continuous receive mode, receive operation becomes enable when the receive buffer register is read. It is not necessary to write dummy data into the transmit buffer register to enable receive operation in this mode. However, a dummy read of the receive buffer register is required when starting the operating mode. When the UiRRM bit (i = 0 to 2) = 1 (continuous receive mode), the TI bit in the UiC1 register is set to 0 (data present in UiTB register) by reading the UiRB register. In this case, i.e., UiRRM bit = 1, do not write dummy data to the UiTB register in a program. Bits U0RRM and U1RRM are bits 2 and 3 in the UCON register, respectively, and the U2RRM bit is the bit 5 in the U2C1 register. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 164 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface 15.1.1.5 Serial Data Logic Switching Function When the UiLCH bit in the UiC1 register (i = 0 to 2) = 1 (reverse), the data written to the UiTB register has its logic reversed before being transmitted. Similarly, the receive data has its logic reversed when read from the UiRB register. Figure 15.14 shows the Serial Data Logic Switching. (1) When the UiLCH bit in the UiC1 register = 0 (no reverse) Transfer clock "H" "L" TXDi "H" (no reverse) "L" D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 (2) When the UiLCH bit = 1 (reverse) Transfer clock "H" "L" TXDi "H" (reverse) "L" D0 D1 D2 i = 0 to 2 * This applies to the case where the CKPOL bit in the UiC0 register = 0 (transmit data output at the falling edge and the receive data taken in at the rising edge of the transfer clock) and the UFORM bit = 0 (LSB first). Figure 15.14 Serial Data Logic Switching 15.1.1.6 Transfer Clock Output From Multiple Pins (UART1) Use bits CLKMD1 to CLKMD0 in the UCON register to select one of the two transfer clock output pins. Figure 15.15 shows the Transfer Clock Output from Multiple Pins. This function can be used when the selected transfer clock for UART1 is an internal clock. MCU TXD1(P6_7) CLKS1(P6_4) CLK1(P6_5) IN IN CLK CLK Transfer enabled when the CLKMD0 bit in the UCON register = 0 Transfer enabled when the CLKMD0 bit = 1 * This applies to the case where the CKDIR bit in the U1MR register = 0 (internal clock) and the CLKMD1 bit in the UCON register = 1 (transfer clock output from multiple pins). Figure 15.15 Transfer Clock Output from Multiple Pins Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 165 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface _______ _______ 15.1.1.7 CTS/RTS Function _______ ________ ________ When the CTS function is used transmit and receive operation start when "L" is applied to the CTSi/RTSi ________ ________ (i = 0 to 2) pin. Transmit and receive operation begins when the CTSi/RTSi pin is held "L". If the "L" signal is switched_______ to "H" during a transmit or ________ receive operation, the operation stops before the next data. ________ When the RTS function is used, the CTSi/RTSi pin outputs on "L" signal when the MCU is ready to receive. The output level becomes "H" on the first falling edge of the CLKi pin. _______ _______ ________ ________ * CRD bit in UiC0 register = 1 (CTS/RTS function disabled) CTSi/RTSi pin is programmable I/O function _______ * CRD bit = 0, CRS bit in UiC0 register = 0 (CTS function is selected) ________ ________ _______ CTSi/RTSi pin is CTS function _______ ________ ________ _______ * CRD bit = 0, CRS bit = 1 (RTS function is selected) CTSi/RTSi pin is RTS function _______ _______ 15.1.1.8 CTS/RTS Separate Function (UART0) _______ _______ _______ _______ This function separates CTS0/RTS0, outputs RTS0 from the P6_0 pin, and accepts as input the CTS0 from the P6_4 pin. To use this function, set the register bits as shown below. _______ _______ * CRD bit in U0C0 register = 0 (CTS/RTS of UART0 enabled) _______ * CRS bit in U0C0 register = 1 (output RTS of UART0) _______ _______ * CRD bit in U1C0 register = 0 (CTS/RTS of UART1 enabled) _______ * CRS bit in U1C0 register = 0 (input CTS of UART1) _______ * RCSP bit in UCON register = 1 (input CTS0 from the P6_4 pin) * CLKMD1 bit in UCON register = 0 (CLKS1 not used)_______ _______ _______ _______ Note that when using the CTS/RTS separate function, CTS/RTS of UART1 separate function cannot be used. _______ _______ Figure 15.16 shows the CTS/RTS Separate Function. IC MCU TXD0(P6_3) RXD0(P6_2) IN OUT CLK0(P6_1) CLK RTS0(P6_0) CTS CTS0(P6_4) RTS _______ _______ Figure 15.16 CTS/RTS Separate Function Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 166 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface 15.1.2 Clock Asynchronous Serial I/O (UART) Mode The UART mode allows transmitting and receiving data after setting the desired bit rate and transfer data format. Table 15.5 lists the UART Mode Specifications. Table 15.6 lists the Registers to be Used and Setting in UART Mode. Table 15.5 UART Mode Specifications Item Specification Transfer data format * * * * * Transfer clock Transmit/receive control Transmit start condition Receive start condition Interrupt request generation timing Error detection Select function Character bit (transfer data): Selectable from 7, 8 or 9 bits Start bit: 1 bit Parity bit: Selectable from odd, even, or none Stop bit: Selectable from 1 or 2 bits CKDIR bit in UiMR register = 0 (internal clock) : fj/(16(n+1)) fj = f1SIO, f2SIO, f8SIO, f32SIO. n: Setting value of the UiBRG register 00h to FFh * The CKDIR bit = 1 (external clock) : fEXT/(16(n+1)) fEXT: Input from CLKi pin. n_______ :Setting value of the UiBRG register 00h to FFh _______ _______ _______ Selectable from CTS function, RTS function or CTS/RTS function disabled Before transmission can start, meet the following requirements * The TE bit in the UiC1 register = 1 (transmission enabled) * The TI bit in the UiC1 register = 0 (data present in UiTB register) _______ ________ * If CTS function is selected, input on the CTSi pin = L Before reception can start, meet the following requirements * The RE bit in the UiC1 register = 1 (reception enabled) * Start bit detection For transmission, one of the following conditions can be selected * The UiIRS bit (1) = 0 (transmit buffer empty): when transferring data from the UiTB register to the UARTi transmit register (at start of transmission) * The UiIRS bit =1 (transmission completed): when the serial interface finished transmitting data from the UARTi transmit register For reception * When transferring data from the UARTi receive register to the UiRB register (at completion of reception) (2) * Overrun error This error occurs if the serial interface started receiving the next data before reading the UiRB register and received the bit one before the last stop bit of the next data * Framing error (3) This error occurs when the number of stop bits set is not detected * Parity error (3) This error occurs when if parity is enabled, the number of 1's in parity and character bits does not match the number of 1's set * Error sum flag This flag is set to 1 when any of the overrun, framing, or parity errors occur * LSB first, MSB first selection Whether to start transmitting or receiving data begins with bit 0 or begins with bit 7 can be selected * Serial data logic switch This function reverses the logic of the transmit/receive data. The start and stop bits are not reversed. * TXD, RXD I/O polarity switch This function reverses the polarities of the TXD pin output and RXD pin input. The logic _______ levels_______ of all I/O data is reversed. CTS/RTS pins (UART0) * Separate _________ _________ CTS0 and RTS0 are input/output from separate pins i = 0 to 2 NOTES: 1. Bits U0IRS and U1IRS are bits 0 and 1 in the UCON register. The U2IRS bit is bit 4 in the U2C1 register. 2. If an overrun error occurs, the receive data of UiRB register will be undefined. The IR bit in the SiRIC register remains unchanged. 3. The timing at which the framing error flag and the parity error flag are set is detected when data is transferred from the UARTi receive register to the UiRB register. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 167 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface Table 15.6 Registers to Be Used and Settings in UART Mode Register Bit Function (1) UiTB 0 to 8 Set transmit data UiRB 0 to 8 Receive data can be read (1) OER,FER,PER,SUM Error flag UiBRG 0 to 7 Set a bit rate UiMR SMD2 to SMD0 Set these bits to 100b when transfer data is 7-bit long Set these bits to 101b when transfer data is 8-bit long Set these bits to 110b when transfer data is 9-bit long CKDIR UiC0 Select the internal clock or external clock STPS Select the stop bit PRY, PRYE Select whether parity is included and whether odd or even IOPOL Select the TXD/RXD input/output polarity CLK0 to CLK1 Select the count source for the UiBRG register CRS Select CTS or RTS to use TXEPT Transmit register empty flag CRD Select CTS/RTS function enabled or disabled NCH Select TXDi pin output mode _______ _______ _______ _______ CKPOL Set to 0 UFORM LSB first or MSB first can be selected when transfer data is 8-bit long. Set this bit to 0 when transfer data is 7- or 9-bit long. UiC1 TE Set this bit to 1 to enable transmission TI Transmit buffer empty flag RE Set this bit to 1 to enable reception RI U2IRS Reception complete flag (2) U2RRM Select the UART2 transmit interrupt source (2) UiLCH Set to 0 Set this bit to 1 to use inverted data logic UiERE Set to 0 UiSMR 0 to 7 Set to 0 UiSMR2 0 to 7 Set to 0 UiSMR3 0 to 7 Set to 0 UiSMR4 0 to 7 Set to 0 UCON U0IRS, U1IRS Select the UART0/UART1 transmit interrupt source U0RRM, U1RRM Set to 0 CLKMD0 Invalid because the CLKMD1 bit = 0 CLKMD1 Set to 0 RCSP Set this bit to 1 to accept as input the CTS0 of UART0 signal from the P6_4 pin 7 Set to 0 _________ i = 0 to 2 NOTES: 1. The bits used for transmit/receive data are as follows: * Bits 0 to 6 when transfer data is 7-bit long * Bits 0 to 7 when transfer data is 8-bit long * Bits 0 to 8 when transfer data is 9-bit long. 2. Set bits 4 to 5 in registers U0C1 and U1C1 to 0. Bits U0IRS, U1IRS, U0RRM, and U1RRM are included in the UCON register. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 168 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface Table 15.7 lists the I/O Pins Functions in UART mode. Table 15.8 lists the P6_4 Pin Functions in UART mode. Note that for a period from when the UARTi operating mode is selected to when transfer starts, the TXDi pin outputs an "H". Figure 15.17 shows the Transmit Operation in UART mode. Figure 15.18 shows the Receive Operation in UART mode. Table 15.7 I/O Pin Functions Pin Name Function TXDi Serial data output (P6_3, P6_7, P7_0) RXDi Serial data input (P6_2, P6_6, P7_1) CLKi I/O port (P6_1, P6_5, P7_2) Transfer clock input Method of Selection (Outputs "H" when performing reception only) Bits PD6_2 and PD6_6 in PD6 register = 0 PD7_1 bit in PD7 register = 0 (Can be used as an input port when performing transmission only) CKDIR bit in UiMR register = 0 CKDIR bit in UiMR register = 1 Bits PD6_1 and PD6_5 in PD6 register = 0 ________ ________ _______ CTSi/RTSi CTS input PD7_2 bit in PD7 register = 0 CRD bit in UiC0 register = 0 (P6_0, P6_4, P7_3) CRS bit in UiC0 register = 0 Bits PD6_0 and PD6_4 in PD6 register = 0 PD7_3 bit in PD7 register = 0 ________ CRD bit = 0 RTS output CRS bit = 1 CRD bit = 1 I/O port i = 0 to 2 Table 15.8 P6_4 Pin Functions Bit set Value Pin Function P6_4 _________ CTS1 _________ RTS1 _________ CTS0 (1) U1C0 Register CRD bit 1 0 0 0 CRS bit 0 1 0 UCON Register PD6 Register RCSP bit CLKMD1 bit 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 PD6_4 bit Input: 0, Output: 1 0 0 -: 0 or 1 NOTE: __________ _________ 1. In addition to this, set the CRD bit in the U0C0 register to 0 (CTS0/RTS0 enabled) and the CRS _________ bit in the U0C0 register to 1 (RTS0 selected). Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 169 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface (1) 8-bit data transmit timing (with a parity and 1 stop bit) The transfer clock stops momentarily, because an "H" signal is applied to the CTS pin, when the stop bit is verified. The transfer clock resumes running as soon as an "L" signal is applied to the CTS pin. TC Transfer Clock TE bit in UiC1 register 1 TI bit in UiC1 register 1 Data is set to the UiTB register 0 0 Data is transferred from the UiTB register to the UARTi transmit register "H" CTSi "L" TXDi ST TXEPT bit in UiC0 register 1 IR bit in SiTIC register 1 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 P Pulse stops because the TE bit is set to 0 Stop bit Parity bit Start bit SP ST D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 P SP ST D0 D1 0 0 Set to 0 by an interrupt request acknowledgement or by program i = 0 to 2 The above timing diagram applies to the case where the register bits are set as follows: PRYE bit in UiMR register = 1 (parity enabled) STPS bit in UiMR register = 0 (1 stop bit) CRD bit in UiC0 register = 0 (CTS/RTS enabled) and CRS bit in UiC0 register = 0 (CTS selected) UiIRS bit = 1 (an interrupt request is generated when transmission completed): U0IRS bit is bit 0 in UCON register U1IRS bit is bit 1 in UCON register U2IRS bit is bit 4 in U2C1 register TC = 16(n+1) / fj or 16(n+1) / fEXT fj: frequency of UiBRG count source (f1SIO, f2SIO, f8SIO, f32SIO) fEXT: frequency of UiBRG count source (external clock) n: value set to the UiBRG register (2) 9-bit data transmit timing (with no parity and 2 stop bits) TC Transfer Clock TE bit in UiC1 register TI bit in UiC1 register 1 Data is set to the UiTB register 0 1 0 Data is transferred from the UiTB register to the UARTi transmit register Stop bit Start bit TXDi ST TXEPT bit in UiC0 register 1 IR bit in SiTIC register 1 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 SP SP Stop bit ST D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 SP SP ST D0 D1 0 0 Set to 0 by an interrupt request acknowledgement or by program i = 0 to 2 TC = 16(n+1) / fj or 16(n+1) / fEXT The above timing diagram applies to the case where the register bits are set as follows: fj: frequency of UiBRG count source PRYE bit in UiMR register = 0 (parity disabled) (f1SIO, f2SIO, f8SIO, f32SIO) STPS bit in UiMR register = 1 (2 stop bits) fEXT: frequency of UiBRG count source (external clock) CRD bit in UiC0 register = 1 (CTS/RTS disabled) n: value set to the UiBRG register UiIRS bit = 0 (an interrupt request is generated when transmit buffer becomes empty): U0IRS bit is bit 0 in UCON register U1IRS bit is bit 1 in UCON register U2IRS bit is bit 4 in U2C1 register Figure 15.17 Transmit Operation Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 170 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface * Example of receive timing when transfer data is 8-bit long (parity disabled, one stop bit) UiBRG count source 1 0 RE bit in UiC1 register Stop bit Start bit RXDi D1 D0 D7 Sampled "L" Receive data taken in Transfer clock RI bit in UiC1 register RTSi 1 Reception triggered when transfer clock is generated by falling edge of start bit Transferred from UARTi receive register to UiRB register 0 "H" "L" 1 0 IR bit in SiRIC register i = 0 to 2 Set to 0 by an interrupt request acknowledgement or by program The above timing diagram applies to the case where the register bits are set as follows: PRYE bit in UiMR register = 0 (parity disabled) STPS bit in UiMR register = 0 (1 stop bit) CRD bit in UiC0 register = 0 (CTSi/RTSi enabled) and CRS bit = 1 (RTSi selected) Figure 15.18 Receive Operation 15.1.2.1 Bit Rates In UART mode, the frequency set by the UiBRG register (i = 0 to 2) divided by 16 become the bit rates. Table 15.9 lists an Example of Bit Rates and Settings. Table 15.9 Example of Bit Rates and Settings Bit Rate (bps) 1200 2400 4800 9600 14400 19200 28800 31250 38400 51200 Peripheral Function Clock: 16 MHz Peripheral Function Clock: 20 MHz Peripheral Function Clock: 24 MHz (1) Count Source Set Value of Bit Rate Set Value of Bit Rate Set Value of Bit Rate of UiBRG UiBRG: n (bps) UiBRG: n (bps) UiBRG: n (bps) f8 f8 f8 f1 f1 f1 f1 f1 f1 f1 103 (67h) 51 (33h) 25 (19h) 103 (67h) 68 (44h) 51 (33h) 34 (22h) 31 (1Fh) 25 (19h) 19 (13h) 1202 2404 4808 9615 14493 19231 28571 31250 38462 50000 i = 0 to 2 NOTE: 1. 24 MHz is available Normal-ver. only. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 171 of 378 129 (81h) 64 (40h) 32 (20h) 129 (81h) 86 (56h) 64 (40h) 42 (2Ah) 39 (27h) 32 (20h) 23 (17h) 1202 2404 4735 9615 14368 19231 29070 31250 37879 52083 155 (9Bh) 77 (4Dh) 38 (26h) 155 (9Bh) 103 (67h) 77 (4Dh) 51 (33h) 47 (2Fh) 38 (26h) 28 (1Ch) 1202 2404 4808 9615 14423 19231 28846 31250 38462 51724 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface 15.1.2.2 Counter Measure for Communication Error Occurs If a communication error occurs while transmitting or receiving in UART mode, follow the procedures below. * Resetting the UiRB register (i = 0 to 2) (1) Set the RE bit in the UiC1 register to 0 (reception disabled) (2) Set the RE bit in the UiC1 register to 1 (reception enabled) * Resetting the UiTB register (i = 0 to 2) (1) Set bits SMD2 to SMD0 in the UiMR register to 000b (serial interface disabled) (2) Set bits SMD2 to SMD0 in the UiMR register to 001b, 101b, 110b (3) 1 (transmission enabled) is written to the TE bit in the UiC1 register, regardless of the TE bit 15.1.2.3 LSB First/MSB First Select Function As shown in Figure 15.19, use the UFORM bit in the UiC0 register to select the transfer format. Figure 15.19 shows the Transfer Format. This function is valid when transfer data is 8-bit long. (1) When the UFORM bit in the UiC0 register = 0 (LSB first) CLKi TXDi ST D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 P SP RXDi ST D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 P SP (2) When the UFORM bit = 1 (MSB first) CLKi TXDi ST D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 P SP RXDi ST D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 P SP i = 0 to 2 ST: Start bit P: Parity bit SP: Stop bit NOTE: 1. This applies to the case where the register bits are set as follows: CKPOL bit in UiC0 register = 0 (transmit data output at the falling edge and the receive data taken in at the rising edge of the transfer clock) UiLCH bit in UiC1 register = 0 (no reverse) STPS bit in UiMR register = 0 (1 stop bit) PRYE bit in UiMR register = 1 (parity enabled) Figure 15.19 Transfer Format Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 172 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface 15.1.2.4 Serial Data Logic Switching Function The data written to the UiTB register has its logic reversed before being transmitted. Similarly, the received data has its logic reversed when read from the UiRB register. Figure 15.20 shows the Serial Data Logic Switching. (1) When the UiLCH bit in the UiC1 register = 0 (no reverse) Transfer clock "H" "L" TXDi "H" (no reverse) "L" ST D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 P SP D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 P SP (2) When the UiLCH bit = 1 (reverse) Transfer clock "H" "L" TXDi "H" (reverse) "L" ST D0 D1 i = 0 to 2 ST: Start bit P: Parity bit SP: Stop bit NOTE: 1. This applies to the case where the register bit are set as follows: CKPOL bit in UiC0 register = 0 (transmit data output at the falling edge of the transfer clock) UFORM bit in UiC0 register = 0 (LSB first) STPS bit in UiMR register = 0 (1 stop bit) PRYE bit in UiMR register = 1 (parity enabled) Figure 15.20 Serial Data Logic Switching 15.1.2.5 TXD and RXD I/O Polarity Inverse Function This function inverses the polarities of the TXDi pin output and RXDi pin input. The logic levels of all input/output data (including the start, stop and parity bits) are inversed. Figure 15.21 shows the TXD and RXD I/O Polarity Inverse. (1) When the IOPOL bit in the UiMR register = 0 (no reverse) Transfer clock "H" "L" TXDi "H" (no reverse) "L" RXDi "H" ST D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 P SP ST D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 P SP (no reverse) "L" (2) When the IOPOL bit = 1 (reverse) Transfer clock "H" "L" TXDi "H" (reverse) "L" RXDi (reverse) "H" "L" ST D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 P SP ST D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 P SP i = 0 to 2 ST: Start bit P: Parity bit SP: Stop bit NOTE: 1. This applies to the case where the register bits are set as follows: UFORM bit in UiC0 register = 0 (LSB first) STPS bit in UiMR register = 0 (1 stop bit) PRYE bit in UiMR register = 1 (parity enabled) Figure 15.21 TXD and RXD I/O Polarity Inverse Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 173 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface _______ _______ 15.1.2.6 CTS/RTS Function _______ ________ ________ When the CTS function is used transmit operation start when "L" is applied to the CTSi/RTSi (i = 0 to 2) ________ ________ pin. Transmit operation begins when the CTSi/RTSi pin is held "L". If the "L" signal is switched to "H" during a transmit operation, the operation stops before the next data. _______ ________ ________ When the RTS function is used, the CTSi/RTSi pin outputs on "L" signal when the MCU is ready to receive. The output level becomes "H" on the first falling edge of the CLKi pin. _______ _______ * CRD bit in UiC0 register = 1 (CTS/RTS function of UART0 disabled) ________ ________ CTSi/RTSi pin is programmable I/O function _______ * CRD bit = 0, CRS bit in UiC0 register= 0 (CTS function is selected) ________ ________ _______ CTSi/RTSi pin is CTS function _______ ________ ________ _______ * CRD bit = 0, CRS bit = 1 (RTS function is selected) CTSi/RTSi pin is RTS function _______ _______ 15.1.2.7 CTS/RTS Separate Function (UART0) _________ _________ ________ _________ This function separates CTS0/RTS0, outputs RTS0 from the P6_0 pin, and accepts as input the CTS0 from the P6_4 pin. To use this function, set the register bits as shown below. _______ _______ * CRD bit in U0C0 register = 0 (CTS/RTS of UART0 enabled) _______ * CRS bit in U0C0 register = 1 (output RTS of UART0) _______ _______ * CRD bit in U1C0 register = 0 (CTS/RTS of UART1 enabled) _______ * CRS bit in U1C0 register = 0 (input CTS of UART1) _______ * RCSP bit in UCON register = 1 (input CTS0 from the P6_4 pin) * CLKMD1 bit in UCON register = 0 (CLKS1 not used)_______ _______ _______ _______ Note that when using the CTS/RTS separate function, CTS/RTS of UART1 separate function cannot be used. _______ _______ Figure 15.22 shows CTS/RTS separate function usage. IC MCU RXD0(P6_2) IN OUT RTS0(P6_0) CTS CTS0(P6_4) RTS TXD0(P6_3) _______ _______ Figure 15.22 CTS/RTS Separate Function Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 174 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface 15.1.3 Special Mode 1 (I2C Mode) I2C mode is provided for use as a simplified I2C interface compatible mode. Table 15.10 lists the I2C Mode Specifications. Figure 15.23 shows the I2C Mode Block Diagram. Table 15.11 lists the Registers to be Used and Setting in I2C Mode. Table 15.12 lists the I2C Mode Functions. Figure 15.24 shows the Transfer to UiRB Register and Interrupt Timing. As shown in Table 15.12, the MCU is placed in I2C mode by setting bits SMD2 to SMD0 to 010b and the IICM bit to 1. Because SDAi transmit output has a delay circuit attached, SDAi output does not change state until SCLi goes low and remains stably low. Table 15.10 I2C Mode Specifications Item Specification Transfer data format Transfer clock Transfer data length: 8 bits * During master The CKDIR bit in the UiMR register = 0 (internal clock) : fj/(2(n+1)) fj = f1SIO, f2SIO, f8SIO, f32SIO. n: Setting value of the UiBRG register 00h to FFh * During slave The CKDIR bit = 1 (external clock) : Input from SCLi pin Transmit start condition Receive start condition Before transmission can start, meet the following requirements (1) * The TE bit in the UiC1 register = 1 (transmission enabled) * The TI bit in the UiC1 register = 0 (data present in the UiTB register) Before reception can start, meet the following requirements (1) * The RE bit in the UiC1 register = 1 (reception enabled) * The TE bit in the UiC1 register = 1 (transmission enabled) Interrupt request generation timing Error detection * The TI bit in the UiC1 register = 0 (data present in the UiTB register) When start or stop condition is detected, acknowledge undetected, and acknowledge detected Overrun error (2) This error occurs if the serial I/O started receiving the next data before reading the UiRB register and received the 8th bit of the next data Select function * Arbitration lost Timing at which the ABT bit in the UiRB register is updated can be selected * SDAi digital delay No digital delay or a delay of 2 to 8 UiBRG count source clock cycles selectable * Clock phase setting With or without clock delay selectable i = 0 to 2 NOTES: 1. When an external clock is selected, the conditions must be met while the external clock is in the high state. 2. If an overrun error occurs, the value of UiRB register will be undefined. The IR bit in the SiRIC register remains unchanged. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 175 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface Start and stop condition generation block SDAi STSPSEL=1 Delay circuit ACKC=1 SDA(STSP) SCL(STSP) STSPSEL=0 IICM2=1 Transmit register ACKC=0 IICM=1 and IICM2=0 UARTi SDHI ACKD bit D Q T Noise Filter DMA0 (UART0, UART2) Arbitration IICM2=1 IICM=1 and IICM2=0 Start condition detection S R Q NACK D Q T Falling edge detection IICM=0 R I/O port D Q T Port register (1) ACK 9th bit Q STSPSEL=0 IICM=1 UARTi UARTi receive, ACK interrupt request, DMA1 request Bus busy Stop condition detection Noise Filter UARTi transmit, NACK interrupt request ALS Receive register UARTi SCLi DMA0, DMA1 request (UART1: DMA0 only) Internal clock SWC2 STSPSEL=1 External clock Start/stop condition detection interrupt request CLK control UARTi R S 9th bit falling edge SWC This diagram applies to the case where bits SMD2 to SMD0 in the UiMR register = 010b and the IICM bit in the UiSMR register = 1. i = 0 to 2 IICM: Bit in UiSMR register IICM2, SWC, ALS, SWC2, SDHI: Bits in UiSMR2 register STSPSEL, ACKD, ACKC: Bits in UiSMR4 register NOTE: 1. If the IICM bit =1, the pins can be read even when the PD6_2, PD6_6 or PD7_1 bit = 1 (output mode). Figure 15.23 I2C Mode Block Diagram Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 176 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface Table 15.11 Registers to Be Used and Settings in I2C Mode Register UiTB (1) UiRB (1) UiBRG UiMR (1) UiC0 UiC1 UiSMR UiSMR2 0 to 7 0 to 7 8 ABT OER 0 to 7 SMD2 to SMD0 CKDIR IOPOL CLK1 to CLK0 CRS TXEPT CRD (3) NCH CKPOL UFORM TE TI RE RI U2IRS (2) U2RRM (2), UiLCH, UiERE IICM ABC BBS 3 to 7 IICM2 CSC SWC ALS STAC UiSMR3 UiSMR4 SWC2 SDHI 7 0, 2, 4, and NODC CKPH DL2 to DL0 STAREQ RSTAREQ STPREQ STSPSEL ACKD ACKC SCLHI SWC9 IFSR0 UCON Function Bit IFSR06, ISFR07 U0IRS, U1IRS 2 to 7 Master Set transmit data Receive data can be read ACK or NACK is set in this bit Arbitration lost detection flag Overrun error flag Set a bit rate Set to 010b Set to 0 Set to 0 Select the count source for the UiBRG register Invalid because the CRD bit = 1 Transmit register empty flag Set to 1 Set to 1 Set to 0 Set to 1 Set this bit to 1 to enable transmission Transmit buffer empty flag Set this bit to 1 to enable reception Reception complete flag Invalid Set to 0 Slave Invalid Invalid Set to 1 Invalid Set to 1 Select the timing at which arbitration-lost Invalid is detected Bus busy flag Set to 0 See Table 15.12 I2C Mode Functions Set this bit to 1 to enable clock synchronization Set to 0 Set this bit to 1 to have SCLi output fixed to "L" at the falling edge of the 9th bit of clock Set this bit to 1 to have SDAi output Set to 0 stopped when arbitration-lost is detected Set to 0 Set this bit to 1 to initialize UARTi at start condition detection Set this bit to 1 to have SCLi output forcibly pulled low Set this bit to 1 to disable SDAi output Set to 0 Set to 0 See Table 15.12 I2C Mode Functions Set the amount of SDAi digital delay Set this bit to 1 to generate start condition Set to 0 Set this bit to 1 to generate restart condition Set to 0 Set this bit to 1 to generate stop condition Set to 0 Set this bit to 1 to output each condition Set to 0 Select ACK or NACK Set this bit to 1 to output ACK data Set this bit to 1 to have SCLi output Set to 0 stopped when stop condition is detected Set to 0 Set this bit to 1 to set the SCLi to "L" hold at the falling edge of the 9th bit of clock Set to 1 Invalid Set to 0 i = 0 to 2 NOTES: 1. Not all register bits are described above. Set those bits to 0 when writing to the registers in I2C mode. 2. Set bits 4 and 5 in registers U0C1 and U1C1 to 0. Bits U0IRS, U1IRS, U0RRM, and U1RRM are in the UCON register. _______ ________ in I2C mode and enabling the CTS/RTS separate function of UART0, set the CRD bit in the U1C0 3. When using UART1 _______ ________ _______ register to 0 (CTS/RTS function enabled) and the CRS bit to 0 (CTS input). Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 177 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface Table 15.12 I2C Mode Functions Function Source of interrupt number 6, 7, and 10 (1) (5) (7) Source of interrupt number 15, 17, and 19 (1) (6) I2C Mode (SMD2 to SMD0 = 010b, IICM = 1) Clock IICM2 = 0 IICM2 = 1 Synchronous (UART transmit/receive interrupt) (NACK/ACK interrupt) Serial I/O Mode (SMD2 to SMD0 = CKPH = 1 CKPH = 0 CKPH = 0 CKPH = 1 001b, IICM = 0) (No clock delay) (Clock delay) (No clock delay) (Clock delay) Start condition detection or stop condition detection (See Table 15.13 STSPSEL Bit Functions) - UARTi transmission Transmission started or completed (selected by UiIRS) Source of interrupt UARTi reception number 16, 18, and When 8th bit received 20 (1) (6) CKPOL = 0 (rising edge) CKPOL = 1 (falling edge) Timing for transferring CKPOL = 0 (rising edge) data from UART CKPOL = 1 (falling edge) reception shift register to UiRB register UARTi transmission Not delayed output delay Functions of pins TXDi output P6_3, P6_7, and P7_0 Functions of pins RXDi input P6_2, P6_6, and P7_1 Functions of pins CLKi input or P6_1, P6_5, and P7_2 output selected Noise filter width 15 ns Read RXDi and Possible when the SCLi pins levels corresponding port direction bit = 0 Initial value of TXDi CKPOL = 0 (H) and SDAi outputs CKPOL = 1 (L) Initial and end value of SCLi DMA1 source (6) UARTi reception Store received data Read received data UARTi transmission Falling edge of SCLi next to the 9th bit No acknowledgment detection (NACK) Rising edge of SCLi 9th bit UARTi transmission Rising edge of SCLi 9th bit Acknowledgment detection (ACK) Rising edge of SCLi 9th bit UARTi reception Falling edge of SCLi 9th bit Rising edge of SCLi 9th bit Falling edge of SCLi 9th bit Falling and rising edges of SCLi 9th bit Delayed SDAi input/output SCLi input/output - (Cannot be used in I2C mode) 200 ns Always possible no matter how the corresponding port direction bit is set The value set in the port register before setting I2C mode H L Acknowledgment detection (ACK) H (2) L UARTi reception Falling edge of SCLi 9th bit 1st to 8th bits of the received data are stored into bits 1st to 7th bits of the received data are stored into bits 6 to 0 in the UiRB 1st to 8th bits are 7 to 0 in the UiRB register register, 8th bit is stored into stored into bit 7 to bit bit 8 in the UiRB register 0 in UiRB register (3) Bit 6 to bit 0 in the UiRB The UiRB register status is read register (4) are read as bit 7 to bit 1. Bit 8 in the UiRB register is read as bit 0. i = 0 to 2 NOTES: 1. If the interrupt source is changed, the IR bit in the interrupt control register for the changed interrupt may inadvertently be set to 1 (interrupt requested). (Refer to 23.8 Interrupts.) If one of the bits shown below is changed, the interrupt source, the interrupt timing, etc. change. Therefore, always be sure to set the IR bit to 0 (interrupt not requested) after changing those bits. * Bits SMD2 to SMD0 in UiMR register * IICM bit in UiSMR register * IICM2 bit in UiSMR2 register * CKPH bit in UiSMR3 register 2. Set the initial value of SDAi output while bits SMD2 to SMD0 in the UiMR register = 000b (serial interface disabled). 3. Second data transfer to the UiRB register (rising edge of SCLi 9th bit) 4. First data transfer to the UiRB register (falling edge of SCLi 9th bit) 5. See Figure 15.26 STSPSEL Bit Functions. 6. See Figure 15.24 Transfer to UiRB Register and Interrupt Timing. 7. When using UART0, be sure to set the IFSR06 bit in the IFSR0 register to 1 (interrupt source: UART0 bus collision detection). When using UART1, be sure to set the IFSR07 bit in the IFSR0 register to 1 (interrupt source: UART1 bus collision detection). Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 178 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface (1) IICM2 = 0 (ACK and NACK interrupts), CKPH = 0 (no clock delay) 1st bit 2nd bit 3rd bit 4th bit 5th bit 6th bit 7th bit 8th bit 9th bit SCLi SDAi D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 D8(ACK, NACK) ACK interrupt (DMA1 request), NACK interrupt Transfer to UiRB register b15 b9 b8 b7 D8 D7 b0 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 D1 D0 UiRB register (2) IICM2 = 0, CKPH = 1 (clock delay) 1st bit 2nd bit 3rd bit 4th bit 5th bit 6th bit 7th bit 8th bit 9th bit SCLi SDAi D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D8(ACK, NACK) D0 ACK interrupt (DMA1 request), NACK interrupt Transfer to UiRB register b15 b9 b8 b7 D8 D7 b0 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 UiRB register (3) IICM2 = 1 (UART transmit/receive interrupt), CKPH = 0 1st bit 2nd bit 3rd bit 4th bit 5th bit 6th bit 7th bit 8th bit 9th bit SCLi SDAi D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 D8(ACK, NACK) Receive interrupt (DMA1 request) Transmit interrupt Transfer to UiRB register b15 b9 b8 b7 b0 D0 (4) IICM2 = 1, CKPH = 1 1st bit 2nd bit D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 UiRB register 3rd bit 4th bit 5th bit 6th bit 7th bit 8th bit 9th bit SCLi SDAi D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 D8 (ACK, NACK) Receive interrupt (DMA1 request) Transfer to UiRB register b15 b9 b8 D0 b7 b0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 Transmit interrupt Transfer to UiRB register b15 b9 D1 UiRB register i = 0 to 2 This diagram applies to the case where the following condition is met. The CKDIR bit in the UiMR register = 0 (slave selected) Figure 15.24 Transfer to UiRB Register and Interrupt Timing Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 179 of 378 b8 b7 D8 D7 b0 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 UiRB register D1 D0 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface 15.1.3.1 Detection of Start and Stop Condition Whether a start or a stop condition has been detected is determined. A start condition-detected interrupt request is generated when the SDAi pin changes state from high to low while the SCLi pin is in the high state. A stop condition-detected interrupt request is generated when the SDAi pin changes state from low to high while the SCLi pin is in the high state. Figure 15.25 shows the Detection of Start and Stop Condition. Because the start and stop condition-detected interrupts share the interrupt control register and vector, check the BBS bit in the UiSMR register to determine which interrupt source is requesting the interrupt. 3 to 6 cycles < duration for setting-up (1) 3 to 6 cycles < duration for holding (1) Duration for setting-up Duration for holding SCLi SDAi (Start condition) SDA i (Stop condition) i = 0 to 2 NOTE: 1.When the PCLK1 bit in the PCLKR register = 1, this is the cycle number of f1SIO, and when the PCLK1 bit = 0, this is the cycle number of f2SIO. Figure 15.25 Detection of Start and Stop Condition 15.1.3.2 Output of Start and Stop Condition A start condition is generated by setting the STAREQ bit in the UiSMR4 register (i = 0 to 2) to 1 (start). A restart condition is generated by setting the RSTAREQ bit in the UiSMR4 register to 1 (start). A stop condition is generated by setting the STPREQ bit in the UiSMR4 register to 1 (start). The output procedure is described below. (1) Set the STAREQ bit, RSTAREQ bit or STPREQ bit to 1 (start). (2) Set the STSPSEL bit in the UiSMR4 register to 1 (output). Table 15.13 and Figure 15.26 show the STSPSEL Bit Functions. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 180 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface Table 15.13 STSPSEL Bit Functions STSPSEL Bit = 0 Output of transfer clock and data Output of start/stop condition is accomplished by a program using ports (not automatically generated in hardware) Start/stop condition detection Function Output of pins SCLi and SDAi Start/stop condition interrupt request generation timing STSPSEL Bit = 1 Output of a start/stop condition depending on bits STAREQ, RSTAREQ, and STPREQ Finish generating start/stop condition (1) When slave CKDIR bit = 1 (external clock) STSPSEL bit 0 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th bit SCLi SDAi Start condition detection interrupt Stop condition detection interrupt (2) When master CKDIR bit = 0 (internal clock), CKPH bit = 1 (clock delayed) STSPSEL bit Set to 1 in a program Set to 0 in a program 1st 2nd 3rd 4th SCLi Set to 1 in a program 5th 6th 7th 8th Set to 0 in a program 9th bit SDAi Set STAREQ bit = 1 (start) Start condition detection interrupt Set STPREQ bit Stop condition = 1 (start) detection interrupt Figure 15.26 STSPSEL Bit Functions 15.1.3.3 Arbitration Unmatching of the transmit data and SDAi pin input data is checked synchronously with the rising edge of SCLi. Use the ABC bit in the UiSMR register to select the timing at which the ABT bit in the UiRB register is updated. If the ABC bit = 0 (updated per bit), the ABT bit is set to 1 at the same time unmatching is detected during check, and is set to 0 when not detected. In cases when the ABC bit is set to 1, if unmatching is detected even once during check, the ABT bit is set to 1 (unmatching detected) at the falling edge of the clock pulse of 9th bit. If the ABT bit needs to be updated per byte, set the ABT bit to 0 (undetected) after detecting acknowledge in the first byte, before transferring the next byte. Setting the ALS bit in the UiSMR2 register to 1 (SDA output stop enabled) causes arbitration-lost to occur, in which case the SDAi pin is placed in the high-impedance state at the same time the ABT bit is set to 1 (unmatching detected). Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 181 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface 15.1.3.4 Transfer Clock Data is transmitted/received using a transfer clock like the one shown in Figure 15.24 Transfer to UiRB Register and Interrupt Timing. The CSC bit in the UiSMR2 register is used to synchronize the internally generated clock (internal SCLi) and an external clock supplied to the SCLi pin. In cases when the CSC bit is set to 1 (clock synchronization enabled), if a falling edge on the SCLi pin is detected while the internal SCLi is high, the internal SCLi goes low, at which time the value of the UiBRG register is reloaded with and starts counting in the low-level interval. If the internal SCLi changes state from low to high while the SCLi pin is low, counting stops, and when the SCLi pin goes high, counting restarts. In this way, the UARTi transfer clock is comprised of the logical product of the internal SCLi and SCLi pin signal. The transfer clock works from a half period before the falling edge of the internal SCLi 1st bit to the rising edge of the 9th bit. To use this function, select an internal clock for the transfer clock. The SWC bit in the UiSMR2 register allows to select whether the SCLi pin should be fixed to or freed from low-level output at the falling edge of the 9th clock pulse. If the SCLHI bit in the UiSMR4 register is set to 1 (enabled), SCLi output is turned off (placed in the highimpedance state) when a stop condition is detected. Setting the SWC2 bit in the UiSMR2 register = 1 (0 output) makes it possible to forcibly output a low-level signal from the SCLi pin even while sending or receiving data. Setting the SWC2 bit to 0 (transfer clock) allows the transfer clock to be output from or supplied to the SCLi pin, instead of outputting a low-level signal. If the SWC9 bit in the UiSMR4 register is set to 1 (SCL hold low enabled) when the CKPH bit in the UiSMR3 register = 1, the SCLi pin is fixed to low-level output at the falling edge of the clock pulse next to the 9th. Setting the SWC9 bit = 0 (SCL hold low disabled) frees the SCLi pin from low-level output. 15.1.3.5 SDA Output The data written to bits 7 to 0 (D7 to D0) in the UiTB register is sequentially output beginning with D7. The 9th bit (D8) is ACK or NACK. The initial value of SDAi transmit output can only be set when IICM = 1 (I2C mode) and bits SMD2 to SMD0 in the UiMR register = 000b (serial interface disabled). Bits DL2 to DL0 in the UiSMR3 register allow to add no delays or a delay of 2 to 8 UiBRG count source clock cycles to SDAi output. Setting the SDHI bit in the UiSMR2 register = 1 (SDA output disabled) forcibly places the SDAi pin in the high-impedance state. Do not write to the SDHI bit synchronously with the rising edge of the UARTi transfer clock. This is because the ABT bit may inadvertently be set to 1 (detected). 15.1.3.6 SDA Input When the IICM2 bit = 0, 1st to 8th bits (D7 to D0) of receive data are stored in bits 7 to 0 in the UiRB register. The 9th bit (D8) is ACK or NACK. When the IICM2 bit = 1, the 1st to 7th bits (D7 to D1) of receive data are stored in bits 6 to 0 in the UiRB register and the 8th bit (D0) is stored in the bit 8 in the UiRB register. Even when the IICM2 bit = 1, providing the CKPH bit = 1, the same data as when the IICM2 bit = 0 can be read out by reading the UiRB register after the rising edge of the corresponding clock pulse of 9th bit. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 182 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface 15.1.3.7 ACK and NACK If the STSPSEL bit in the UiSMR4 register is set to 0 (start and stop conditions not generated) and the ACKC bit in the UiSMR4 register is set to 1 (ACK data output), the value of the ACKD bit in the UiSMR4 register is output from the SDAi pin. If the IICM2 bit = 0, a NACK interrupt request is generated if the SDAi pin remains high at the rising edge of the 9th bit of transmit clock pulse. An ACK interrupt request is generated if the SDAi pin is low at the rising edge of the 9th bit of transmit clock pulse. If ACKi is selected for the DMA1 request source, a DMA transfer can be activated by detection of an acknowledge. 15.1.3.8 Initialization of Transmission/Reception If a start condition is detected while the STAC bit = 1 (UARTi initialization enabled), the serial interface operates as described below. * The transmit shift register is initialized, and the content of the UiTB register is transferred to the transmit shift register. In this way, the serial interface starts transmitting data synchronously with the next clock pulse applied. However, the UARTi output value does not change state and remains the same as when a start condition was detected until the first bit of data is output synchronously with the input clock. * The receive shift register is initialized, and the serial interface starts receiving data synchronously with the next clock pulse applied. * The SWC bit is set to 1 (SCL wait output enabled). Consequently, the SCLi pin is pulled low at the falling edge of the 9th clock pulse. Note that when UARTi transmission/reception is started using this function, the TI bit does not change state. Note also that when using this function, the selected transfer clock should be an external clock. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 183 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface 15.1.4 Special Mode 2 Multiple slaves can be serially communicated from one master. Transfer clock polarity and phase are selectable. Table 15.14 lists the Special Mode 2 Specifications. Figure 15.27 shows the Serial Bus Communication Control Example (UART2). Table 15.15 lists the Registers to be Used an Settings in Special Mode 2. Table 15.14 Special Mode 2 Specifications Item Specification Transfer data format Transfer clock Transfer data length: 8 bits * Master mode The CKDIR bit in the UiMR register = 0 (internal clock) : fj/(2(n+1)) fj = f1SIO, f2SIO, f8SIO, f32SIO. n: Setting value of the UiBRG register 00h to FFh * Slave mode The CKDIR bit = 1 (external clock selected) : Input from CLKi pin Transmit/receive control Transmit start condition Controlled by input/output ports Before transmission can start, meet the following requirements (1) * The TE bit in the UiC1 register = 1 (transmission enabled) * The TI bit in the UiC1 register = 0 (data present in the UiTB register) Receive start condition Before reception can start, meet the following requirements (1) * The RE bit in the UiC1 register = 1 (reception enabled) * The TE bit in the UiC1 register = 1 (transmission enabled) * The TI bit in the UiC1 register = 0 (data present in the UiTB register) Interrupt request For transmission, one of the following conditions can be selected generation timing * The UiIRS bit (2) = 0 (transmit buffer empty): when transferring data from the UiTB register to the UARTi transmit register (at start of transmission) * The UiIRS bit =1 (transmission completed): when the serial interface finished transmitting data from the UARTi transmit register For reception * When transferring data from the UARTi receive register to the UiRB register (at Error detection completion of reception) Overrun error (3) This error occurs if the serial interface started receiving the next data before reading the UiRB register and received the 7th bit of the next data Select function Clock phase setting Selectable from four combinations of transfer clock polarities and phases i = 0 to 2 NOTES: 1. When an external clock is selected, the conditions must be met while if the CKPOL bit in the UiC0 register = 0 (transmit data output at the falling edge and the receive data taken in at the rising edge of the transfer clock), the external clock is in the high state; if the CKPOL bit = 1 (transmit data output at the rising edge and the receive data taken in at the falling edge of the transfer clock), the external clock is in the low state. 2. Bits U0IRS and U1IRS are bits 0 and 1 in the UCON register ; the U2IRS bit is bit 4 in the U2C1 register. 3. If an overrun error occurs, the value of UiRB register will be undefined. The IR bit in SiRIC register remains unchanged. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 184 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface P1_3 P1_2 P7_2(CLK2) P7_1(RXD2) P7_0(TXD2) MCU (Master) P9_3 P7_2(CLK2) P7_1(RXD2) P7_0(TXD2) MCU (Slave) P9_3 P7_2(CLK2) P7_1(RXD2) P7_0(TXD2) MCU (Slave) Figure 15.27 Serial Bus Communication Control Example (UART2) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 185 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface Table 15.15 Registers to Be Used and Settings in Special Mode 2 Register (1) UiTB UiRB (1) 0 to 7 0 to 7 Set transmit data Receive data can be read UiBRG OER 0 to 7 Overrun error flag Set a bit rate SMD2 to SMD0 CKDIR Set to 001b Set this bit to 0 for master mode or 1 for slave mode IOPOL CLK1 to CLK0 Set to 0 Select the count source for the UiBRG register CRS TXEPT Invalid because the CRD bit = 1 Transmit register empty flag CRD NCH Set to 1 Select TXDi pin output format CKPOL UFORM Clock phases can be set in combination with the CKPH bit in the UiSMR3 register Set to 0 TE TI Set this bit to 1 to enable transmission Transmit buffer empty flag RE RI Set this bit to 1 to enable reception Reception complete flag UiMR (1) UiC0 UiC1 Bit (2) U2IRS U2RRM (2) , Function Select the UART2 transmit interrupt source Set to 0 UiSMR UiLCH, UiERE 0 to 7 Set to 0 UiSMR2 UiSMR3 0 to 7 CKPH Set to 0 Clock phases can be set in combination with the CKPOL bit in the UiC0 register NODC 0, 2, 4 to 7 Set to 0 Set to 0 0 to 7 U0IRS, U1IRS Set to 0 Select the UART0 and UART1 transmit interrupt source U0RRM, U1RRM CLKMD0 Set to 0 Invalid because the CLKMD1 bit = 0 UiSMR4 UCON CLKMD1, RCSP, 7 Set to 0 i = 0 to 2 NOTES: 1. Not all register bits are described above. Set those bits to 0 when writing to the registers in Special Mode 2. 2. Set bits 4 and 5 in registers U0C1 and U1C1 to 0. Bits U0IRS, U1IRS, U0RRM, and U1RRM are in the UCON register. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 186 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface 15.1.4.1 Clock Phase Setting Function One of four combinations of transfer clock phases and polarities can be selected using the CKPH bit in the UiSMR3 register and the CKPOL bit in the UiC0 register. Make sure the transfer clock polarity and phase are the same for the master and salves to be communicated. Figure 15.28 shows the Transmission and Reception Timing in Master Mode (internal clock). Figure 15.29 shows the Transmission and Reception Timing (CKPH = 0) in Slave Mode (external clock). Figure 15.30 shows the Transmission and Reception Timing (CKPH = 1) in Slave Mode (external clock). Clock output (CKPOL = 0, CKPH = 0) "H" Clock output (CKPOL = 1, CKPH = 0) "H" Clock output (CKPOL = 0, CKPH = 1) "L" "L" "H" "L" Clock output (CKPOL = 1, CKPH = 1) "H" Data output timing "H" "L" "L" D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 Data input timing Figure 15.28 Transmission and Reception Timing in Master Mode (Internal Clock) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 187 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface "H" Slave control input "L" Clock input "H" (CKPOL= 0, CKPH = 0) "L" Clock input "H" (CKPOL = 1, CKPH = 0) "L" Data output timing "H" D0 "L" Data input timing D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 Undefined Figure 15.29 Transmission and Reception Timing (CKPH = 0) in Slave Mode (External Clock) "H" Slave control input "L" Clock input "H" (CKPOL = 0, CKPH = 1) "L" Clock input "H" (CKPOL = 1, CKPH = 1) "L" Data output timing "H" "L" D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 Data input timing Figure 15.30 Transmission and Reception Timing (CKPH = 1) in Slave Mode (External Clock) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 188 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface 15.1.5 Special Mode 3 (IE Mode) In this mode, one bit of IEBus is approximated with one byte of UART mode waveform. Table 15.16 lists the Registers to be Used and Settings in IE mode. Figure 15.31 shows the Bus Collision Detect Function-Related Bits. If the TXDi pin (i = 0 to 2) output level and RXDi pin input level do not match, a UARTi bus collision detect interrupt request is generated. Use bits IFSR06 and IFSR07 in the IFSR0 register to enable the UART0/UART1 bus collision detect function. Table 15.16 Registers to Be Used and Settings in IE Mode Register UiTB UiRB (1) UiBRG UiMR UiC0 UiC1 Bit Function 0 to 8 0 to 8 Set transmit data Receive data can be read OER,FER,PER,SUM 0 to 7 Error flag Set a bit rate SMD2 to SMD0 CKDIR Set to 110b Select the internal clock or external clock STPS PRY Set to 0 Invalid because the PRYE bit = 0 PRYE IOPOL Set to 0 Select the TXD/RXD input/output polarity CLK1 to CLK0 CRS Select the count source for the UiBRG register Invalid because the CRD bit = 1 TXEPT CRD Transmit register empty flag Set to 1 NCH CKPOL Select TXDi pin output mode Set to 0 UFORM TE Set to 0 Set this bit to 1 to enable transmission TI RE Transmit buffer empty flag Set this bit to 1 to enable reception RI U2IRS Reception complete flag Select the UART2 transmit interrupt source (2) (2) U2RRM , UiLCH, UiERE Set to 0 0 to 3, 7 ABSCS Set to 0 Select the sampling timing at which to detect a bus collision ACSE SSS Set this bit to 1 to use the auto clear function of transmit enable bit Select the transmit start condition UiSMR2 UiSMR3 0 to 7 0 to 7 Set to 0 Set to 0 UiSMR4 IFSR0 0 to 7 IFSR06, IFSR07 Set to 0 Set to 1 UCON U0IRS, U1IRS U0RRM, U1RRM Select the UART0/UART1 transmit interrupt source Set to 0 CLKMD0 CLKMD1, RCSP, 7 Invalid because the CLKMD1 bit = 0 Set to 0 UiSMR i= 0 to 2 NOTES: 1. Not all register bits are described above. Set those bits to 0 when writing to the registers in IE mode. 2. Set bits 4 and 5 in registers U0C1 and U1C1 to 0. Bits U0IRS, U1IRS, U0RRM, and U1RRM are in the UCON register. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 189 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface (1) The ABSCS bit in UiSMR register (bus collision detect sampling clock select) If ABSCS bit = 0, bus collision is determined at the rising edge of the transfer clock Transfer clock ST D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 SP TXDi RXDi Trigger signal is applied to the TAjIN pin Timer Aj If ABSCS bit = 1, bus collision is determined when timer Aj (one-shot timer mode) underflows. timer Aj: timer A3 when UART0; timer A4 when UART1; timer A0 when UART2 (2) The ACSE bit in UiSMR register (auto clear of transmit enable bit) Transfer clock ST D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 SP TXDi RXDi IR bit in UiBCNIC register If the ACSE bit = 1 (automatically clear when bus collision occurs), the TE bit is set to 0 (transmission disabled) when the IR bit in the UiBCNIC register = 1 (unmatching detected). TE bit in UiC1 register (3) The SSS bit in UiSMR register (transmit start condition select) If SSS bit = 0, the serial interface starts transmitting data one transfer clock cycle after the transmission enable condition is. met Transfer clock ST D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 SP D6 D7 D8 SP TXDi Transmission enable condition is met If SSS bit = 1, the serial interface starts transmitting data at the rising edge (1) of RXDi CLKi ST TXDi D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 (NOTE 2) RXDi NOTES: 1.The falling edge of RXDi when IOPOL bit = 0; the rising edge of RXDi when IOPOL bit = 1. 2.The transmit condition must be met before the falling edge (1) of RXDi. i = 0 to 2 This diagram applies to the case where IOPOL bit =1 (reversed). Figure 15.31 Bus Collision Detect Function-Related Bits Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 190 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface 15.1.6 Special Mode 4 (SIM Mode) (UART2) Based on UART mode, this is an SIM interface compatible mode. Direct and inverse formats can be implemented, and this mode allows to output a low from the TXD2 pin when a parity error is detected. Table 15.17 lists the SIM Mode Specifications. Table 15.18 lists the Registers to be Used and Settings in SIM Mode. Figure 15.32 shows the Transmit and Receive Riming in SIM Mode. Table 15.17 SIM Mode Specifications Item Transfer data format Transfer clock Transmit start condition Receive start condition Interrupt request generation timing (2) Error detection Specification * Direct format * Inverse format * The CKDIR bit in the U2MR register = 0 (internal clock) : fi/(16(n+1)) fi = f1SIO, f2SIO, f8SIO, f32SIO. n: Setting value of the U2BRG register 00h to FFh * The CKDIR bit = 1 (external clock) : fEXT/(16(n+1)) fEXT: Input from CLK2 pin. n: Setting value of the U2BRG register 00h to FFh Before transmission can start, meet the following requirements * The TE bit in the U2C1 register = 1 (transmission enabled) * The TI bit in the U2C1 register = 0 (data present in the U2TB register) Before reception can start, meet the following requirements * The RE bit in the U2C1 register = 1 (reception enabled) * Start bit detection * For transmission When the serial interface finished sending data from the U2TB transfer register (U2IRS bit = 1) * For reception When transferring data from the UART2 receive register to the U2RB register (at completion of reception) * Overrun error (1) This error occurs if the serial interface started receiving the next data before reading the U2RB register and received the bit one before the last stop bit of the next data * Framing error (3) This error occurs when the number of stop bits set is not detected * Parity error (3) During reception, if a parity error is detected, parity error signal is output from the TXD2 pin. During transmission, a parity error is detected by the level of input to the RXD2 pin when a transmission interrupt occurs * Error sum flag This flag is set to 1 when any of the overrun, framing, and parity errors is encountered NOTES: 1. If an overrun error occurs, the value of the U2RB register will be undefined. The IR bit in the S2RIC register remains unchanged. 2. A transmit interrupt request is generated by setting the U2IRS bit in the U2C1 register to 1 (transmission completed) and U2ERE bit in the U2C1 register to 1 (error signal output) after reset. Therefore, when using SIM mode, set the IR bit to 0 (interrupt not requested) after setting these bits. 3. The timing at which the framing error flag and the parity error flag are set is detected when data is transferred from the UARTi receive register to the UiRB register. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 191 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface Table 15.18 Registers to Be Used and Settings in SIM Mode Register Bit Function (1) U2TB 0 to 7 Set transmit data (1) U2RB 0 to 7 Receive data can be read OER,FER,PER,SUM Error flag U2BRG 0 to 7 Set a bit rate U2MR SMD2 to SMD0 Set to 101b CKDIR Select the internal clock or external clock STPS Set to 0 PRY Set this bit to 1 for direct format or 0 for inverse format PRYE Set to 1 IOPOL Set to 0 U2C0 CLK1 to CLK0 Select the count source for the U2BRG register CRS Invalid because the CRD bit = 1 TXEPT Transmit register empty flag CRD Set to 1 NCH Set to 0 CKPOL Set to 0 UFORM Set this bit to 0 for direct format or 1 for inverse format U2C1 TE Set this bit to 1 to enable transmission TI Transmit buffer empty flag RE Set this bit to 1 to enable reception RI Reception complete flag U2IRS Set to 1 U2RRM Set to 0 U2LCH Set this bit to 0 for direct format or 1 for inverse format U2ERE Set to 1 (1) U2SMR 0 to 3 Set to 0 U2SMR2 0 to 7 Set to 0 U2SMR3 0 to 7 Set to 0 U2SMR4 0 to 7 Set to 0 NOTE: 1. Not all register bits are described above. Set those bits to 0 when writing to the registers in SIM mode. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 192 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) (1) Transmit timing 15. Serial Interface TC Transfer clock TE bit in U2C1 register 1 TI bit in U2C1 register 1 (NOTE 1) Data is written to the U2TB register 0 0 Parity bit Start bit TXD2 ST D0 Stop bit D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 P SP Data is transferred from the U2TB register to the UART2 transmit register ST Parity Error signal returned from Receiving end D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 P SP An "L" signal is applied from the SIM card due to a parity error RXD2 pin level (2) ST TXEPT bit in U2C0 register 1 IR bit in S2TIC register 1 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 P SP ST D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 P SP An interrupt routine detects "H" or "L" An interrupt routine detects "H" or "L" 0 0 Set to 0 by an interrupt request acknowledgement or by program The above timing diagram applies to the case where data is transmitted in the direct format. STPS bit in U2MR register = 0 (1 stop bit) PRY bit in U2MR register = 1 (even) UFORM bit in U2C0 register = 0 (LSB first) U2LCH bit in U2C1 register = 0 (no reverse) U2IRS bit in U2C1 register = 1 (transmission completed) (2) Receive timing TC = 16(n+1) / fi or 16(n+1) / fEXT fi: frequency of U2BRG count source (f1SIO, f2SIO, f8SIO, f32SIO) fEXT: frequency of U2BRG count source (external clock) n: value set to the U2BRG register TC Transfer clock RE bit in U2C1 register 1 0 Start bit Transmit waveform from the Transmitting end ST D0 Stop bit Parity bit D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 P SP ST D0 D1 TXD2 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 P SP TXD2 provides "L" output due to a parity error RXD2 pin level (3) ST RI bit in U2C0 register 1 IR bit in S2RIC register 1 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 P SP ST D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 P SP 0 Read the U2RB register 0 The above timing diagram applies to the case where data is received in the direct format. STPS bit in U2MR register = 0 (1 stop bit) PRY bit in U2MR register = 1 (even) UFORM bit in U2C0 register = 0 (LSB first) U2LCH bit In U2C1 register = 0 (no reverse) U2IRS bit in U2C1 register = 1 (transmission completed) Set to 0 by an interrupt request acknowledgement or by program TC = 16(n+1) / fi or 16(n+1) / fEXT fi: frequency of U2BRG count source (f1SIO, f2SIO, f8SIO, f32SIO) fEXT: frequency of U2BRG count source (external clock) n: value set to the U2BRG register NOTES: 1. Data transmission starts when BRG overflows after a value is set to the U2TB register on the rising edge of the TI bit. 2. Because the TXD2 and RXD2 pins are connected, a composite waveform, consisting of transmit waveform from the TXD2 pin and parity error signal from the receiving end, is generated. 3. Because the TXD2 and RxD2 pins are connected, a composite waveform, consisting of transmit waveform from the transmitting end and parity error signal from the TXD2 pin, is generated. Figure 15.32 Transmit and Receive Timing in SIM Mode Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 193 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface Figure 15.33 shows the SIM Interface Connection. Connect TXD2 and RXD2 and apply pull-up. MCU SIM card TXD2 RXD2 Figure 15.33 SIM Interface Connection 15.1.6.1 Parity Error Signal Output The parity error signal is enabled by setting the U2ERE bit in the U2C1 register to 1 (output enabled). The parity error signal is output when a parity error is detected while receiving data. This is achieved by pulling the TXD2 output low with the timing shown in Figure 15.32. If the U2RB register is read while outputting a parity error signal, the PER bit in the U2RB register is set to 0 (no parity error) and at the same time the TXD2 output is returned high. When transmitting, a transmission-finished interrupt request is generated at the falling edge of the transfer clock pulse that immediately follows the stop bit. Therefore, whether a parity signal has been returned can be determined by reading the port that shares the UXD2 pin in a transmission-finished interrupt routine. Figure 15.34 shows the output timing of the parity error signal Transfer clock "H" RXD2 "H" TXD2 "H" RI bit in U2C1 register "L" ST D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 P SP "L" "L" (NOTE 1) 1 0 This timing diagram applies to the case where the direct format is implemented. ST: Start bit P: Even Parity SP: Stop bit NOTE: 1: The output of MCU is in the high-impedance state (pulled up externally). Figure 15.34 Parity Error Signal Output Timing Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 194 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface 15.1.6.2 Format When direct format, set the PRYE bit in the U2MR register to 1, the PRY bit to 1, the UFORM bit in the U2C0 register to 0 and the U2LCH bit in the U2C1 register to 0. When data are transmitted, data set in the U2TB register are transmitted with the even-numbered parity, starting from D0. When data are received, received data are stored in the U2RB register, starting from D0. The even-numbered parity determines whether a parity error occurs. When inverse format, set the PRYE bit to 1, the PRY bit to 0, the UFORM bit to 1 and the U2LCH bit to 1. When data are transmitted, values set in the U2TB register are logically inversed and are transmitted with the odd-numbered parity, starting from D7. When data are received, received data are logically inversed to be stored in the U2RB register, starting from D7. The odd-numbered parity determines whether a parity error occurs. Figure 15.35 shows the SIM Interface Format. (1) Direct format Transfer clock "H" TXD2 "H" "L" "L" D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 P P : Even parity (2) Inverse format Transfer clock TXD2 "H" "L" "H" "L" D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 P P : Odd parity Figure 15.35 SIM Interface Format Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 195 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface 15.2 SI/Oi (i = 3 to 6) (1) SI/Oi is exclusive clock-synchronous serial I/Os. Figure 15.36 shows the SI/Oi Block Diagram, and Figures 15.37 and 15.38 show the SI/Oi-related registers. Table 15.19 lists the SI/Oi Specifications. NOTE: 1. 100-pin version supports SI/O3 and SI/O4. 128-pin version supports SI/O3, SI/O4, SI/O5 and SI/O6. Main clock, PLL clock, or on-chip oscillator clock 1/2 Clock source select SMi1 to SMi0 00b f2SIO PCLK1=0 f1SIO 1/8 PCLK1=1 1/4 f8SIO 01b f32SIO 10b Synchronous circuit SMi4 CLKi SMi3 SMi6 Data bus 1/(n+1) 1/2 SiBRG register SMi6 CLK polarity reversing circuit SI/O counter i SMi2 SMi3 SOUTi SMi5 LSB SINi MSB SiTRR register 8 i = 3 to 6 (5 and 6 are only in the 128-pin version.) n = A value set in the SiBRG register. Figure 15.36 SI/Oi Block Diagram Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 196 of 378 SI/Oi interrupt request M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface SI/Oi Control Register (i = 3 to 6) (1) Symbol S3C S4C S5C (6) S6C (6) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Bit Symbol SMi0 Address 01E2h 01E6h 01EAh 01D8h After Reset 01000000b 01000000b 01000000b 01000000b Description Bit Name b1 b0 RW RW Internal synchronous clock select bit (7) 0 0 : f1SIO or f2SIO is selected (8) 0 1 : f8SIO is selected 1 0 : f32SIO is selected 1 1 : Do not set a value SMi2 SOUTi output disable bit (4) 0 : SOUTi output 1 : SOUTi output disabled (high-impedance) RW SMi3 SI/Oi port select bit (5) 0 : Input/output port 1 : SOUTi output, CLKi function RW SMi4 CLK polarity select bit 0 : Transmit data is output at falling edge of transfer clock and receive data is input at rising edge 1 : Transmit data is output at rising edge of transfer clock and receive data is input at falling edge RW SMi5 Transfer direction select bit 0 : LSB first 1 : MSB first RW SMi6 Synchronous clock select bit 0 : External clock (2) 1 : Internal clock (3) RW SOUTi initial value set bit Effective when the SMi3 bit = 0 0 : "L" output 1 : "H" output RW SMi1 SMi7 RW NOTES: 1. Make sure this register is written to by the next instruction after setting the PRC2 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (write enabled). 2. Set the SMi3 bit to 1 (SOUTi output, CLKi function) and the corresponding port direction bit to 0 (input mode). 3. Set the SMi3 bit to 1 (SOUTi output, CLKi function) . 4. When the SM32, SM52 or SM62 bit = 1 (SOUT3, SOUT5, SOUT6 output disabled), the corresponding pin is placed in the high-impedance state regardless of which functions of those pins are being used. SI/O4 is effective only when the SM43 bit = 1 (SOUT4 output, CLK4 function). 5. When using SI/O4, set the SM43 bit to 1 (SOUT4 output, CLK4 function) and the corresponding port direction bit for SOUT4 pin to 0 (input mode). 6. Registers S5C and S6C are only in the 128-pin version. When using registers S5C and S6C, set these registers after setting the PU37 bit in the PUR3 register to 1 (Pins P11 to P14 are usable). 7. When changing bits SMi1 to SMi0, set the SiBRG register. 8. Selected by the PCLK1 bit in the PCLKR register. SI/Oi Bit Rate Register (i = 3 to 6) (1) (2) (4) b7 Symbol S3BRG S4BRG S5BRG (3) S6BRG (3) b0 Address 01E3h 01E7h 01EBh 01D9h After Reset Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Description Setting Range RW Assuming that set value = n, SiBRG divides the count source by n + 1 00h to FFh WO NOTES: 1. Write to this register while serial interface is neither transmitting nor receiving. 2. Use the MOV instruction to write to this register. 3. Registers S5BRG and S6BRG are only in the 128-pin version. 4. Write to this register after setting bits SMi1 to SMi0 in the SiC register. SI/Oi Transmit/Receive Register (i = 3 to 6) (1) (2) b7 Symbol S3TRR S4TRR S5TRR (3) S6TRR (3) b0 Address 01E0h 01E4h 01E8h 01D6h After Reset Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Description RW Transmission/reception starts by writing transmit data to this register. After transmission/reception finishes, reception data can be read by reading this register. RW NOTES: 1. Write to this register while serial I/O is neither transmitting nor receiving. 2. To receive data, set the corresponding port direction bit for SINi to 0 (input mode). 3. Registers S5TRR and S6TRR are only in the 128-pin version. Figure 15.37 Registers SiC, SiBRG, and SiTRR Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 197 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface SI/O3, 4, 5, 6 Transmit/Receive Register (1) (2) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol S3456TRR Address 01DAh After Reset XXXX0000b Function RW S3TRF SI/O3 transmit/receive complete flag 0 : During transmission/reception 1 : Transmission/reception completed RW S4TRF SI/O4 transmit/receive complete flag 0 : During transmission/reception 1 : Transmission/reception completed RW S5TRF SI/O5 transmit/receive complete flag 0 : During transmission/reception 1 : Transmission/reception completed RW S6TRF SI/O6 transmit/receive complete flag 0 : During transmission/reception 1 : Transmission/reception completed RW Bit Symbol (b7-b4) Bit Name Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. - NOTES: 1. Bits S3TRF to S6TRF can only be reset by writing to 0. (Bits S5TRF and S6TRF are only in the 128-pin version.) 2. When setting bits S3TRF to S6TRF to 0, use the MOV instruction to write to these bits after setting the bit that wants to set 0 to 0 and setting other bits to 1. Figure 15.38 S3456TRR Register Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 198 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface Table 15.19 SI/Oi Specifications Item Specification Transfer data format Transfer data length: 8 bits Transfer clock * SMi6 bit in SiC register = 1 (internal clock) : fj/(2(n+1)) Transmit/receive fj = f1SIO, f8SIO, f32SIO. n = Setting value of SiBRG register 00h to FFh (1) * SMi6 bit = 0 (external clock) : Input from CLKi pin Before transmission/reception can start, meet the following requirements start condition Interrupt request generation timing Write transmit data to the SiTRR register * When SMi4 bit in SiC register = 0 The rising edge of the last transfer clock pulse CLKi pin function SOUTi pin function SINi pin function * When SMi4 bit = 1 The falling edge of the last transfer clock pulse (4) I/O port, transfer clock input, transfer clock output I/O port, transmit data output, high-impedance I/O port, receive data input Select function (2) (3) (4) * LSB first or MSB first selection Whether to start transmitting or receiving data begins with bit 0 or begins with bit 7 can be selected * Function for setting an SOUTi initial value set function When the SMi6 bit in the SiC register = 0 (external clock), the SOUTi pin output level while not transmitting can be selected. * CLK polarity selection Whether transmit data is output/input timing at the rising edge or falling edge of transfer clock can be selected. i = 3 to 6 (5 and 6 are only in the 128-pin version.) NOTES: 1. To set the SMi6 bit in the SiC register to 0 (external clock), follow the procedure described below. * If the SMi4 bit in the SiC register = 0, write transmit data to the SiTRR register while input on the CLKi pin is high. The same applies when rewriting the SMi7 bit in the SiC register. * If the SMi4 bit = 1, write transmit data to the SiTRR register while input on the CLKi pin is low. The same applies when rewriting the SMi7 bit. * Because shift operation continues as long as the transfer clock is supplied to the SI/Oi circuit, stop the transfer clock after supplying eight pulses. If the SMi6 bit = 1 (internal clock), the transfer clock automatically stops. 2. Unlike UART0 to UART2, SI/Oi is not separated between the transfer register and buffer. Therefore, do not write the next transmit data to the SiTRR register during transmission. 3. When the SMi6 bit = 1 (internal clock), SOUTi retains the last data for a 1/2 transfer clock period after completion of transfer and, thereafter, goes to a high-impedance state. However, if transmit data is written to the SiTRR register during this period, SOUTi immediately goes to a high-impedance state, with the data hold time thereby reduced. 4. When the SMi6 bit = 1 (internal clock), the transfer clock stops in the high state if the SMi4 bit = 0, or stops in the low state if the SMi4 bit = 1. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 199 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface 15.2.1 SI/Oi Operation Timing Figure 15.39 shows the SI/Oi Operation Timing. 0.5 to 1.0 cycle (max.) SI/Oi internal clock "H" "L" CLKi output "H" "L" Signal written to the SiTRR register "H" "L" SOUTi output "H" "L" SINi input "H" "L" IR bit in SiIC register "1" "0" SiTRF bit in S3456TRR register "1" "0" (1) (NOTE 2) D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 i = 3 to 6 (5 and 6 are only in the 128-pin version.) * This diagram applies to the case where the bits in the SiC register are set as follows: SMi2 = 0 (SOUTi output) SMi3 = 1 (SOUTi output, CLKi function) SMi4 = 0 (transmit data output at the falling edge and receive data input at the rising edge of the transfer clock) SMi5 = 0 (LSB first) SMi6 = 1 (internal clock) NOTES: 1. If the SMi6 bit = 1 (internal clock), the serial interface starts transmitting or receiving data a maximum of 0.5 to 1.0 transfer clock cycles after writing to the SiTRR register. 2. When the SMi6 bit = 1 (internal clock), the SOUTi pin is placed in the high-impedance state after the transfer finishes. Figure 15.39 SI/Oi Operation Timing 15.2.2 CLK Polarity Selection The SMi4 bit in the SiC register allows selection of the polarity of the transfer clock. Figure 15.40 shows the Polarity of Transfer Clock. (1) When SMi4 bit in SiC register = 0 CLKi (NOTE 1) SOUTi D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 SINi D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 (2) When SMi4 bit = 1 (NOTE 2) CLKi SOUTi D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 SINi D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 i = 3 to 6 (5 and 6 are only in the 128-pin version.) *This diagram applies to the case where the bits in the SiC register are set as follows: SMi5 = 0 (LSB first) SMi6 = 1 (internal clock) NOTES: 1. When the SMi6 bit = 1 (internal clock), a high level is output from the CLKi pin if not transferring data. 2. When the SMi6 bit = 1 (internal clock), a low level is output from the CLKi pin if not transferring data. Figure 15.40 Polarity of Transfer Clock Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 200 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 15. Serial Interface 15.2.3 Functions for Setting SOUTi Initial Value If the SMi6 bit in the SiC register = 0 (external clock), the SOUTi pin output can be fixed high or low when not transferring (1). However, the last bit value of the former data is retained between data and data when transmitting the continuous data. Figure 15.41 shows the timing chart for setting an SOUTi initial value and how to set it. NOTE: 1. When CAN0 function is selected, P7_4, P7_5 and P8_0 can be used as input/output pins for SI/O4. When CAN0 function is not selected, P9_5, P9_6 and P9_7 can be used as input/output pis for SI/O4. (Example) When "H" selected for SOUTi initial value Setting of the initial value of SOUTi output and starting of transmission/reception Signal written to SiTRR register SMi7 bit Set the SMi3 bit to 0 (SOUTi pin functions as an I/O port) SMi3 bit D0 SOUTi (internal) SOUTi output D0 Port output Initial value = H (1) Setting the SOUTi Port selection switching initial value to "H" (2) (I/O port SOUTi) Set the SMi7 bit to 1 (SOUTi initial value = H) Set the SMi3 bit to 1 (SOUTi pin functions as SOUTi output) "H" level is output from the SOUTi pin Write to the SiTRR register i = 3 to 6 (5 and 6 are only in the 128-pin version.) * This diagram applies to the case where the bits in the SiC register are set as follows: SMi2 = 0 (SOUTi output) SMi5 = 0 (LSB first) SMi6 = 0 (external clock) NOTES: 1.If the SMi6 bit = 1 (internal clock) or if the SMi2 bit = 1 (SOUTi output disabled), this output goes to the high-impedance state. 2.SOUTi can only be initialized when input on the CLKi pin is in the high state if the SMi4 bit in the SiC register = 0 (transmit data output at the falling edge of the transfer clock) or in the low state if the SMi4 bit = 1 (transmit data output at the rising edge of the transfer clock). Figure 15.41 SOUTi's Initial Value Setting Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 201 of 378 Serial transmit/reception starts M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 16. A/D Converter 16. A/D Converter The MCU contains one A/D converter circuit based on 10-bit successive approximation method configured with a capacitive-coupling amplifier. The analog inputs share the pins with P10_0 to P10_7, P9_5, P9_6, _____________ P0_0 to P0_7, and P2_0 to P2_7. Similarly, ADTRG input shares the pin with P9_7. Therefore, when using these inputs, make sure the corresponding port direction bits are set to 0 (input mode). When not using the A/D converter, set the VCUT bit to 0 (VREF unconnected), so that no current will flow from the VREF pin into the resistor ladder, helping to reduce the power consumption of the chip. The A/D conversion result is stored in the bits in the ADi register for pins ANi, AN0_i, and AN2_i (i = 0 to 7). Table 16.1 shows the A/D Converter Performance. Figure 16.1 shows the A/D Converter Block Diagram, and Figures 16.2 and 16.3 show the A/D converter-related registers. Table 16.1 A/D Converter Performance Item Performance Method of A/D conversion Successive approximation (capacitive coupling amplifier) (1) Analog input voltage 0 V to AVCC (VCC) Operating clock AD (2) fAD, divide-by-2 of fAD, divide-by-3 of fAD, divide-by-4 of fAD, divide-by-6 of fAD, divide-by-12 of fAD Resolution 8 bits or 10 bits (selectable) Integral nonlinearity error When AVCC = VREF = 5 V * With 8-bit resolution: 2 LSB * With 10-bit resolution AN0 to AN7 input, AN0_0 to AN0_7 input and AN2_0 to AN2_7 input: 3 LSB ANEX0 and ANEX1 input (including mode in which external operation amp is selected): 7 LSB When AVCC = VREF = 3.3 V * With 8-bit resolution: 2 LSB * With 10-bit resolution Analog input pins AN0 to AN7 input, AN0_0 to AN0_7 input and AN2_0 to AN2_7 input: 5 LSB ANEX0 and ANEX1 input (including mode in which external operation amp is selected): 7 LSB One-shot mode, repeat mode, single sweep mode, repeat sweep mode 0, and repeat sweep mode 1 8 pins (AN0 to AN7) + 2 pins (ANEX0 and ANEX1) + 8 pins (AN0_0 to AN0_7) A/D conversion start condition + 8 pins (AN2_0 to AN2_7) * Software trigger The ADST bit in the ADCON0 register is set to 1 (A/D conversion starts) Operating modes * External trigger (retriggerable) _____________ Conversion speed per pin Input on the ADTRG pin changes state from high to low after the ADST bit is set to 1 (A/D conversion starts) * Without sample and hold 8-bit resolution: 49 AD cycles, 10-bit resolution: 59 AD cycles * With sample and hold 8-bit resolution: 28 AD cycles, 10-bit resolution: 33 AD cycles NOTES: 1. Does not depend on use of sample and hold. 2. AD frequency must be 10 MHz or less. When sample and hold is disabled, AD frequency must be 250 kHz or more. When sample and hold is enabled, AD frequency must be 1 MHz or more. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 202 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 16. A/D Converter A/D conversion rate selection 0 fAD 1/3 Software trigger ADTRG VREF AVSS 1 CKS2 1/2 1 0 1/2 1 0 CKS1 AD 0 CKS0 TRG A/D trigger 1 VCUT Resistor ladder 0 1 Successive conversion register ADCON1 register ADCON0 register AD0 register AD1 register AD2 register AD3 register AD4 register AD5 register AD6 register AD7 register Decoder for A/D register Data bus high-order ADCON2 register Data bus low-order (1) PM00 PM01 VREF Decoder for channel selection VIN Port P0 group CH2 to CH0 =000b =001b =010b =011b =100b =101b =110b =111b AN0_0 AN0_1 AN0_2 AN0_3 AN0_4 AN0_5 AN0_6 AN0_7 CH2 to CH0 =000b =001b =010b =011b =100b =101b =110b =111b Port P2 group AN2_0 AN2_1 AN2_2 AN2_3 AN2_4 AN2_5 AN2_6 AN2_7 Port P10 group AN0 AN0 AN0 AN0 AN0 AN0 AN0 AN0 ANEX1 ADGSEL1 to ADGSEL0=00b OPA1 to OPA0=00b PM01 to PM00=00b ADGSEL1 to ADGSEL0=10b OPA1 to OPA0=00b (1) PM01 to PM00=00b ADGSEL1 to ADGSEL0=11b OPA1 to OPA0=00b ADGSEL1 to ADGSEL0=00b OPA1 to OPA0=11b (1) PM01 to PM00=00b ADGSEL1 to ADGSEL0=10b OPA1 to OPA0=11b PM01 to PM00=00b ADGSEL1 to ADGSEL0=11b OPA1 to OPA0=11b ANEX0 CH2 to CH0 =000b =001b =010b =011b =100b =101b =110b =111b Comparator OPA0=1 OPA1 to OPA0 =01b OPA1=1 OPA1=1 NOTE: 1. Port P0 group (AN0_0 to AN0_7) can be used as analog input pins even when bits PM01 to PM00 are set to 01b (memory expansion mode) and bits PM05 to PM04 are set to 11b (multiplex bus allocated to the entire CS space). * Not available memory expansion mode in T/V-ver.. Figure 16.1 A/D Converter Block Diagram Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 203 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 16. A/D Converter A/D Control Register 0 (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol Address After Reset ADCON0 03D6h 00000XXXb Bit Symbol Bit Name Function CH0 CH1 RW RW Function varies depending on Analog input pin select bits operating mode RW RW CH2 b4 b3 MD0 A/D operating mode select bits 0 MD1 0 0 : One-shot mode 0 1 : Repeat mode 1 0 : Single sweep mode 1 1 : Repeat sweep mode 0 or Repeat sweep mode 1 RW RW TRG Trigger select bit 0 : Software trigger 1 : ADTRG trigger RW ADST A/D conversion start flag 0 : A/D conversion disabled 1 : A/D conversion started RW CKS0 Frequency select bit 0 Refer to NOTE 2 for ADCON2 Register RW NOTE: 1. If the ADCON0 register is rewritten during A/D conversion, the conversion result will be undefined. A/D Control Register 1 (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol Address After Reset ADCON1 03D7h 00h Bit symbol Bit name SCAN0 A/D sweep pin select bits SCAN1 Function Function varies depending on operating mode RW RW RW MD2 A/D operating mode select bit 1 0 : Any mode other than repeat sweep mode 1 1 : Repeat sweep mode 1 RW BITS 8/10-bit mode select bit 0 : 8-bit mode 1 : 10-bit mode RW CKS1 Frequency select bit 1 Refer to NOTE 2 for ADCON2 Register RW VCUT VREF connect bit (2) 0 : VREF not connected 1 : VREF connected RW OPA0 External op-amp connection mode bits Function varies depending on operating mode OPA1 RW RW NOTES: 1. If the ADCON1 register is rewritten during A/D conversion, the conversion result will be undefined. 2. If the VCUT bit is reset from 0 (VREF unconnected) to 1 (VREF connected), wait for 1 s or more before starting A/D conversion. Figure 16.2 Registers ADCON0 and ADCON1 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 204 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 16. A/D Converter A/D Control Register 2 (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 0 Symbol Address After Reset ADCON2 03D4h 00h Bit Symbol SMP Bit Name Function A/D conversion method select bit RW 0 : Without sample and hold 1 : With sample and hold RW b2 b1 ADGSEL0 ADGSEL1 (b3) CKS2 (b7-b5) 0 0 : Port P10 group is selected A/D input group select bits 0 1 : Do not set a value 1 0 : Port P0 group is selected 1 1 : Port P2 group is selected RW RW Reserved bit Set to 0 Frequency select bit 2 (2) 0 : Selects fAD, divide-by-2 of fAD, or divide-by-4 of fAD. RW 1 : Selects divide-by-3 of fAD, divide-by-6 of fAD, or divide-by-12 of fAD. RW Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is 0. - NOTES: 1. If the ADCON2 register is rewritten during A/D conversion, the conversion result will be undefined. 2. The AD frequency must be 10 MHz or less. The selected AD frequency is determined by a combination of the CKS0 bit in the ADCON0 register, the CKS1 bit in the ADCON1 register, and the CKS2 bit in the ADCON2 register. AD CKS2 CKS1 CKS0 0 0 0 Divide-by-4 of fAD 0 0 1 Divide-by-2 of fAD 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 Divide-by-12 of fAD 1 0 1 Divide-by-6 of fAD 1 1 0 1 1 1 fAD Divide-by-3 of fAD Symbol A/D Register i (i = 0 to 7) (b15) b7 (b8) b0 b7 b0 Address 03C1h 03C3h 03C5h 03C7h 03C9h 03CBh 03CDh 03CFh AD0 AD1 AD2 AD3 AD4 AD5 AD6 AD7 to to to to to to to to 03C0h 03C2h 03C4h 03C6h 03C8h 03CAh 03CCh 03CEh After Reset Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Function When BITS bit in ADCON1 register is 1 (10-bit mode) When BITS bit is 0 (8-bit mode) Low-order 8 bits of A/D conversion result A/D conversion result RO High-order 2 bits of A/D conversion result When read, the content is undefined. RO Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is 0. Figure 16.3 Registers ADCON2, and AD0 to AD7 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 205 of 378 RW - M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 16. A/D Converter 16.1 Mode Description 16.1.1 One-shot Mode In one-shot mode, analog voltage applied to a selected pin is converted to a digital code once. Table 16.2 lists the One-shot Mode Specifications. Figure 16.4 shows Registers ADCON0 and ADCON1 in One-shot Mode. Table 16.2 One-shot Mode Specifications Item Specification Function Bits CH2 to CH0 in the ADCON0 register, bits ADGSEL1 to ADGSEL0 in the ADCON2 register, and bits OPA1 to OPA0 in the ADCON1 register select a pin Analog voltage applied to the pin is converted to a digital code once. A/D conversion * When the TRG bit in the ADCON0 register is 0 (software trigger) start condition The ADST bit in the ADCON0 register is set to 1 (A/D conversion starts) _____________ * When the TRG bit is 1 (ADTRG trigger) _____________ Input on the ADTRG pin changes state from high to low after the ADST bit is set to 1 (A/D conversion starts) A/D conversion stop condition * Completion of A/D conversion (If a software trigger is selected, the ADST bit is set to 0 (A/D conversion halted).) * Set the ADST bit to 0 Completion of A/D conversion Interrupt request generation timing Analog input pin Select one pin from AN0 to AN7, AN0_0 to AN0_7, AN2_0 to AN2_7, ANEX0 to ANEX1 Reading of result of A/D converter Read one of registers AD0 to AD7 that corresponds to the selected pin Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 206 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 16. A/D Converter A/D Control Register 0 (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 0 0 Symbol Address After Reset ADCON0 03D6h 00000XXXb Bit Symbol Bit Name Function RW b2 b1 b0 0 0 0 : AN0 is selected 0 0 1 : AN1 is selected 0 1 0 : AN2 is selected Analog input pin select bits 0 1 1 : AN3 is selected 1 0 0 : AN4 is selected 1 0 1 : AN5 is selected 1 1 0 : AN6 is selected 1 1 1 : AN7 is selected (2) (3) RW A/D operating mode select bits 0 0 0 : One-shot mode (3) RW MD1 TRG Trigger select bit 0 : Software trigger 1 : ADTRG trigger RW ADST A/D conversion start flag 0 : A/D conversion disabled 1 : A/D conversion started RW CKS0 Frequency select bit 0 Refer to NOTE 2 for ADCON2 Register RW CH0 CH1 CH2 MD0 b4 b3 RW RW RW NOTES: 1. If the ADCON0 register is rewritten during A/D conversion, the conversion result will be undefined. 2. AN0_0 to AN0_7, and AN2_0 to AN2_7 can be used in same way as AN0 to AN7. Use bits ADGSEL1 to ADGSEL0 in the ADCON2 register to select the desired pin. 3. After rewriting bits MD1 to MD0, set bits CH2 to CH0 over again using another instruction. A/D Control Register 1 (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 1 b2 0 b1 b0 Symbol Address After Reset ADCON1 03D7h 00h Bit Symbol Bit Name Function RW RW SCAN0 A/D sweep pin select bits Invalid in one-shot mode SCAN1 RW MD2 A/D operating mode select bit 1 Set to 0 when one-shot mode is selected RW BITS 8/10-bit mode select bit 0 : 8-bit mode 1 : 10-bit mode RW CKS1 Frequency select bit 1 Refer to NOTE 2 for ADCON2 Register RW VCUT VREF connect bit (2) 1 : VREF connected RW External op-amp connection mode bits 0 0 : ANEX0 and ANEX1 are not used RW 0 1 : ANEX0 input is A/D converted 1 0 : ANEX1 input is A/D converted RW 1 1 : External op-amp connection mode b7 b6 OPA0 OPA1 NOTES: 1. If the ADCON1 register is rewritten during A/D conversion, the conversion result will be undefined. 2. If the VCUT bit is reset from 0 (VREF unconnected) to 1 (VREF connected), wait for 1 s or more before starting A/D conversion. Figure 16.4 Registers ADCON0 and ADCON1 in One-shot Mode Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 207 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 16. A/D Converter 16.1.2 Repeat Mode In repeat mode, analog voltage applied to a selected pin is repeatedly converted to a digital code. Table 16.3 lists the Repeat Mode Specifications. Figure 16.5 shows Registers ADCON0 and ADCON1 in Repeat Mode. Table 16.3 Repeat Mode Specifications Item Specification Function Bits CH2 to CH0 in the ADCON0 register, bits ADGSEL1 to ADGSEL0 in the ADCON2 register, and bits OPA1 to OPA0 in the ADCON1 register select a pin. Analog voltage applied to this pin is repeatedly converted to a digital code. A/D conversion * When the TRG bit in the ADCON0 register is 0 (software trigger) start condition The ADST bit in the ADCON0 register is set to 1 (A/D conversion starts) _____________ * When the TRG bit is 1 (ADTRG trigger) _____________ A/D conversion Input on the ADTRG pin changes state from high to low after the ADST bit is set to 1 (A/D conversion starts) Set the ADST bit to 0 (A/D conversion halted) stop condition Interrupt request None generated generation timing Analog input pin Select one pin from AN0 to AN7, AN0_0 to AN0_7, AN2_0 to AN2_7, ANEX0 to ANEX1 Reading of result of Read one of registers AD0 to AD7 that corresponds to the selected pin A/D converter Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 208 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 16. A/D Converter A/D Control Register 0 (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 0 1 Symbol Address After Reset ADCON0 03D6h 00000XXXb Bit Symbol Bit Name Function RW b2 b1 b0 0 0 0 : AN0 is selected 0 0 1 : AN1 is selected 0 1 0 : AN2 is selected Analog input pin select bits 0 1 1 : AN3 is selected 1 0 0 : AN4 is selected 1 0 1 : AN5 is selected 1 1 0 : AN6 is selected 1 1 1 : AN7 is selected (2) (3) RW A/D operating mode select bits 0 0 1 : Repeat mode (3) RW MD1 TRG Trigger select bit 0 : Software trigger 1 : ADTRG trigger RW ADST A/D conversion start flag 0 : A/D conversion disabled 1 : A/D conversion started RW CKS0 Frequency select bit 0 Refer to NOTE 2 for ADCON2 Register RW CH0 CH1 CH2 MD0 b4 b3 RW RW RW NOTES: 1. If the ADCON0 register is rewritten during A/D conversion, the conversion result will be undefined. 2. AN0_0 to AN0_7, and AN2_0 to AN2_7 can be used in same way as AN0 to AN7. Use bits ADGSEL1 to ADGSEL0 in the ADCON2 register to select the desired pin. 3. After rewriting bits MD1 to MD0, set bits CH2 to CH0 over again using another instruction. A/D Control Register 1 (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 1 b2 0 b1 b0 Symbol Address After Reset ADCON1 03D7h 00h Bit Symbol Bit Name Function RW RW SCAN0 A/D sweep pin select bits Invalid in repeat mode SCAN1 RW MD2 A/D operating mode select bit 1 Set to 0 when repeat mode is selected RW BITS 8/10-bit mode select bit 0 : 8-bit mode 1 : 10-bit mode RW CKS1 Frequency select bit 1 Refer to NOTE 2 for ADCON2 Register RW VCUT VREF connect bit (2) 1 : VREF connected RW External op-amp connection mode bits 0 0 : ANEX0 and ANEX1 are not used RW 0 1 : ANEX0 input is A/D converted 1 0 : ANEX1 input is A/D converted RW 1 1 : External op-amp connection mode b7 b6 OPA0 OPA1 NOTES: 1. If the ADCON1 register is rewritten during A/D conversion, the conversion result will be undefined. 2. If the VCUT bit is reset from 0 (VREF unconnected) to 1 (VREF connected), wait for 1 s or more before starting A/D conversion. Figure 16.5 Registers ADCON0 and ADCON1 in Repeat Mode Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 209 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 16. A/D Converter 16.1.3 Single Sweep Mode In single sweep mode, analog voltage that is applied to selected pins is converted one-by-one to a digital code. Table 16.4 lists the Single Sweep Mode Specifications. Figure 16.6 shows Registers ADCON0 and ADCON1 in Single Sweep Mode. Table 16.4 Single Sweep Mode Specifications Item Specification Function Bits SCAN1 to SCAN0 in the ADCON1 register and bits ADGSEL1 to ADGSEL0 in the ADCON2 register select pins. Analog voltage applied to this pins is converted one-by-one to a digital code. A/D conversion * When the TRG bit in the ADCON0 register is 0 (software trigger) start condition The ADST bit in the ADCON0 register is set to 1 (A/D conversion starts) _____________ * When the TRG bit is 1 (ADTRG trigger) _____________ Input on the ADTRG pin changes state from high to low after the ADST bit is set to 1 (A/D conversion starts) A/D conversion stop condition * Completion of A/D conversion (If a software trigger is selected, the ADST bit is set to 0 (A/D conversion halted).) * Set the ADST bit to 0 Interrupt request generation timing Analog input pin Completion of A/D conversion Reading of result of Select from AN0 to AN1 (2 pins), AN0 to AN3 (4 pins), AN0 to AN5 (6 pins), (1) AN0 to AN7 (8 pins) Read one of registers AD0 to AD7 that corresponds to the selected pin A/D converter NOTE: 1. AN0_0 to AN0_7, and AN2_0 to AN2_7 can be used in the same way as AN0 to AN7. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 210 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 16. A/D Converter A/D Control Register 0 (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 1 0 Symbol Address After Reset ADCON0 03D6h 00000XXXb Bit Symbol Bit Name Function RW RW CH0 CH1 Analog input pin select bits Invalid in single sweep mode RW CH2 MD0 RW RW MD1 A/D operating mode select bits 0 1 0 : Single sweep mode TRG Trigger select bit 0 : Software trigger 1 : ADTRG trigger RW ADST A/D conversion start flag 0 : A/D conversion disabled 1 : A/D conversion started RW CKS0 Frequency select bit 0 Refer to NOTE 2 for ADCON2 Register RW b4 b3 RW NOTE: 1. If the ADCON0 register is rewritten during A/D conversion, the conversion result will be undefined. A/D Control Register 1 (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 1 b2 0 b1 b0 Symbol Address After Reset ADCON1 03D7h 00h Bit Symbol Bit Name Function RW When single sweep mode is selected SCAN0 RW b1 b0 A/D sweep pin select bits SCAN1 0 0 : AN0, AN1 (2 pins) 0 1 : AN0 to AN3 (4 pins) 1 0 : AN0 to AN5 (6 pins) 1 1 : AN0 to AN7 (8 pins) (2) RW MD2 A/D operating mode select bit 1 Set to 0 when single sweep mode RW is selected BITS 8/10-bit mode select bit 0 : 8-bit mode 1 : 10-bit mode RW CKS1 Frequency select bit 1 Refer to NOTE 2 for ADCON2 Register RW VCUT VREF connect bit (3) 1 : VREF connected RW External op-amp connection mode bits 0 0 : ANEX0 and ANEX1 are not used RW 0 1 : Do not set a value 1 0 : Do not set a value RW 1 1 : External op-amp connection mode b7 b6 OPA0 OPA1 NOTES: 1. If the ADCON1 register is rewritten during A/D conversion, the conversion result will be undefined. 2. AN0_0 to AN0_7, and AN2_0 to AN2_7 can be used in same way as AN0 to AN7. Use bits ADGSEL1 to ADGSEL0 in the ADCON2 register to select the desired pin. 3. If the VCUT bit is reset from 0 (VREF unconnected) to 1 (VREF connected), wait for 1 s or more before starting A/D conversion. Figure 16.6 Registers ADCON0 and ADCON1 in Single Sweep Mode Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 211 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 16. A/D Converter 16.1.4 Repeat Sweep Mode 0 In repeat sweep mode 0, analog voltage applied to selected pins is repeatedly converted to a digital code. Table 16.5 lists the Repeat Sweep Mode 0 Specifications. Figure 16.7 shows Registers ADCON0 and ADCON1 in Repeat Sweep Mode 0. Table 16.5 Repeat Sweep Mode 0 Specifications Item Specification Function Bits SCAN1 to SCAN0 in the ADCON1 register and bits ADGSEL1 to ADGSEL0 in the ADCON2 register select pins. Analog voltage applied to the pins is repeatedly converted to a digital code. A/D conversion * When the TRG bit in the ADCON0 register is 0 (software trigger) start condition The ADST bit in the ADCON0 register is set to 1 (A/D conversion starts) _____________ * When the TRG bit is 1 (ADTRG trigger) _____________ Input on the ADTRG pin changes state from high to low after the ADST bit is set to 1 (A/D conversion starts) Set the ADST bit to 0 (A/D conversion halted) A/D conversion stop condition Interrupt request None generated generation timing Analog input pin Reading of result of Select from AN0 to AN1 (2 pins), AN0 to AN3 (4 pins), AN0 to AN5 (6 pins), (1) AN0 to AN7 (8 pins) Read one of registers AD0 to AD7 that corresponds to the selected pin A/D converter NOTE: 1. AN0_0 to AN0_7, and AN2_0 to AN2_7 can be used in the same way as AN0 to AN7. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 212 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 16. A/D Converter A/D Control Register 0 (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 1 1 Symbol Address After Reset ADCON0 03D6h 00000XXXb Bit Symbol Bit Name Function RW RW CH0 CH1 Analog input pin select bits Invalid in repeat sweep mode 0 RW CH2 MD0 RW b4 b3 RW MD1 A/D operating mode select bits 0 1 1 : Repeat sweep mode 0 or Repeat sweep mode 1 TRG Trigger select bit 0 : Software trigger 1 : ADTRG trigger RW ADST A/D conversion start flag 0 : A/D conversion disabled 1 : A/D conversion started RW CKS0 Frequency select bit 0 Refer to NOTE 2 for ADCON2 Register RW RW NOTE: 1. If the ADCON0 register is rewritten during A/D conversion, the conversion result will be undefined. A/D Control Register 1 (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 1 b2 0 b1 b0 Symbol Address After reset ADCON1 03D7h 00h Bit Symbol Bit Name Function RW When repeat sweep mode 0 is selected SCAN0 RW b1 b0 A/D sweep pin select bits SCAN1 0 0 : AN0, AN1 (2 pins) 0 1 : AN0 to AN3 (4 pins) 1 0 : AN0 to AN5 (6 pins) 1 1 : AN0 to AN7 (8 pins) (2) RW MD2 A/D operating mode select bit 1 Set to 0 when repeat sweep mode 0 is selected RW BITS 8/10-bit mode select bit 0 : 8-bit mode 1 : 10-bit mode RW CKS1 Frequency select bit 1 Refer to NOTE 2 for ADCON2 Register RW VCUT VREF connect bit (3) 1 : VREF connected RW External op-amp connection mode bits 0 0 : ANEX0 and ANEX1 are not used RW 0 1 : Do not set a value 1 0 : Do not set a value RW 1 1 : External op-amp connection mode b7 b6 OPA0 OPA1 NOTES: 1. If the ADCON1 register is rewritten during A/D conversion, the conversion result will be undefined. 2. AN0_0 to AN0_7, and AN2_0 to AN2_7 can be used in same way as AN0 to AN7. Use bits ADGSEL1 to ADGSEL0 in the ADCON2 register to select the desired pin. 3. If the VCUT bit is reset from 0 (VREF unconnected) to 1 (VREF connected), wait for 1 s or more before starting A/D conversion. Figure 16.7 Registers ADCON0 and ADCON1 in Repeat Sweep Mode 0 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 213 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 16. A/D Converter 16.1.5 Repeat Sweep Mode 1 In repeat sweep mode 1, analog voltage selectively applied to all pins is repeatedly converted to a digital code. Table 16.6 lists the Repeat Sweep Mode 1 Specifications. Figure 16.8 shows Registers ADCON0 and ADCON1 in Repeat Sweep Mode 1. Table 16.6 Repeat Sweep Mode 1 Specifications Item Function Specification The input voltages on all pins selected by bits ADGSEL1 to ADGSEL0 in the ADCON2 register are A/D converted repeatedly, with priority given to pins selected by bits SCAN1 to SCAN0 in the ADCON1 register and bits ADGSEL1 to ADGSEL0. Example : If AN0 selected, input voltages are A/D converted in order of AN0 AN1 AN0 AN2 AN0 AN3, and so on. A/D conversion start condition * When the TRG bit in the ADCON0 register is 0 (software trigger) The ADST bit in the ADCON0 register is set to 1 (A/D conversion starts) _____________ * When the TRG bit is 1 (ADTRG trigger) _____________ Input on the ADTRG pin changes state from high to low after the ADST A/D conversion stop condition Interrupt request generation timing bit is set to 1 (A/D conversion starts) Set the ADST bit to 0 (A/D conversion halted) None generated Analog input pins to be given Select from AN0 (1 pin), AN0 to AN1 (2 pins), AN0 to AN2 (3 pins), (1) priority when A/D converted AN0 to AN3 (4 pins) Reading of result of Read one of registers AD0 to AD7 that corresponds to the selected pin A/D converter NOTE: 1. AN0_0 to AN0_7, and AN2_0 to AN2_7 can be used in the same way as AN0 to AN7. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 214 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 16. A/D Converter A/D Control Register 0 (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 1 1 Symbol Address After Reset ADCON0 03D6h 00000XXXb Bit Symbol Bit Name Function RW CH0 CH1 Analog input pin select bits Invalid in repeat sweep mode 1 RW RW CH2 MD0 RW b4 b3 RW MD1 A/D operating mode select bits 0 1 1 : Repeat sweep mode 0 or Repeat sweep mode 1 TRG Trigger select bit 0 : Software trigger 1 : ADTRG trigger RW ADST A/D conversion start flag 0 : A/D conversion disabled 1 : A/D conversion started RW CKS0 Frequency select bit 0 Refer to NOTE 2 for ADCON2 Register RW RW NOTE: 1. If the ADCON0 register is rewritten during A/D conversion, the conversion result will be undefined. A/D Control Register 1 (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 1 b2 1 b1 b0 Symbol Address After Reset ADCON1 03D7h 00h Bit Symbol Bit Name Function RW When repeat sweep mode 1 is selected SCAN0 b1 b0 A/D sweep pin select bits SCAN1 0 0 : AN0 (1 pin) 0 1 : AN0, AN1 (2 pins) 1 0 : AN0 to AN2 (3 pins) 1 1 : AN0 to AN3 (4 pins) (2) RW RW MD2 A/D operating mode select bit 1 Set to 1 when repeat sweep mode 1 is selected RW BITS 8/10-bit mode select bit 0 : 8-bit mode 1 : 10-bit mode RW CKS1 Frequency select bit 1 Refer to NOTE 2 for ADCON2 Register RW VCUT VREF connect bit (3) 1 : VREF connected RW External op-amp connection mode bits 0 0 : ANEX0 and ANEX1 are not used RW 0 1 : Do not set a value 1 0 : Do not set a value RW 1 1 : External op-amp connection mode b7 b6 OPA0 OPA1 NOTES: 1. If the ADCON1 register is rewritten during A/D conversion, the conversion result will be undefined. 2. AN0_0 to AN0_7, and AN2_0 to AN2_7 can be used in same way as AN0 to AN7. Use bits ADGSEL1 to ADGSEL0 in the ADCON2 register to select the desired pin. 3. If the VCUT bit is reset from 0 (VREF unconnected) to 1 (VREF connected), wait for 1 s or more before starting A/D conversion. Figure 16.8 Registers ADCON0 and ADCON1 in Repeat Sweep Mode 1 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 215 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 16. A/D Converter 16.2 Function 16.2.1 Resolution Select Function The desired resolution can be selected using the BITS bit in the ADCON1 register. If the BITS bit is set to 1 (10-bit conversion accuracy), the A/D conversion result is stored in the bits 0 to 9 in the ADi register (i = 0 to 7). If the BITS bit is set to 0 (8-bit conversion accuracy), the A/D conversion result is stored in the bits 0 to 7 in the ADi register. 16.2.2 Sample and Hold If the SMP bit in the ADCON2 register is set to 1 (with sample and hold), the conversion speed per pin is increased to 28 AD cycles for 8-bit resolution or 33 AD cycles for 10-bit resolution. Sample and hold is effective in all operating modes. Select whether or not to use the sample and hold function before starting A/D conversion. 16.2.3 Extended Analog Input Pins In one-shot and repeat modes, pins ANEX0 and ANEX1 can be used as analog input pins. Use bits OPA1 to OPA0 in the ADCON1 register to select whether or not use ANEX0 and ANEX1. The A/D conversion results of ANEX0 and ANEX1 inputs are stored in registers AD0 and AD1, respectively. 16.2.4 External Operation Amplifier (Op-Amp) Connection Mode Multiple analog inputs can be amplified using a single external op-amp via pins ANEX0 and ANEX1. Set bits OPA1 to OPA0 in the ADCON1 register to 11b (external op-amp connection mode). The inputs from ANi (i = 0 to 7) (1) are output from the ANEX0 pin. Amplify this output with an external op-amp before sending it back to the ANEX1 pin. The A/D conversion result is stored in the corresponding ADi register. The A/D conversion speed depends on the response characteristics of the external op-amp. Figure 16.9 shows an External Op-Amp Connection. NOTE: 1. AN0_i and AN2_i can be used the same as ANi. MCU Bits ADGSEL1 to ADGSEL0 in ADCON2 register = 00b AN0 AN1 AN2 AN3 AN4 AN5 AN6 AN7 Resistor ladder Successive conversion register Bits ADGSEL1 to ADGSEL0 = 10b AN0_0 AN0_1 AN0_2 AN0_3 AN0_4 AN0_5 AN0_6 AN0_7 Bits ADGSEL1 to ADGSEL0 = 11b AN2_0 AN2_1 AN2_2 AN2_3 AN2_4 AN2_5 AN2_6 AN2_7 ANEX0 ANEX1 External op-amp Figure 16.9 External Op-Amp Connection Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 216 of 378 Comparator M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 16. A/D Converter 16.2.5 Current Consumption Reducing Function When not using the A/D converter, its resistor ladder and reference voltage input pin (VREF) can be separated using the VCUT bit in the ADCON1 register. When separated, no current will flow from the VREF pin into the resistor ladder, helping to reduce the power consumption of the chip. To use the A/D converter, set the VCUT bit to 1 (VREF connected) and then set the ADST bit in the ADCON0 register to 1 (A/D conversion start). The VCUT and ADST bits cannot be set to 1 at the same time. Nor can the VCUT bit be set to 0 (VREF unconnected) during A/D conversion. Note that this does not affect VREF for the D/A converter (irrelevant). 16.2.6 Output Impedance of Sensor under A/D Conversion To carry out A/D conversion properly, charging the internal capacitor C shown in Figure 16.10 has to be completed within a specified period of time. T (sampling time) as the specified time. Let output impedance of sensor equivalent circuit be R0, internal resistance of MCU be R, precision (error) of the A/D converter be X, and the resolution of A/D converter be Y (Y is 1024 in 10-bit mode, and 256 in 8-bit mode). VC is generally VC = VIN {1 - e And when t = T, e - Hence, R0 = - 1 t C (R0 + R) } X X VIN = VIN(1 - ) Y Y VC=VIN - - - 1 T C (R0 + R) = X Y 1 X T = ln C (R0 + R) Y T C * ln X Y -R Figure 16.10 shows the Analog Input Pin and External Sensor Equivalent Circuit. When the difference between VIN and VC becomes 0.1 LSB, we find impedance R0 when voltage between pins VC changes from 0 to VIN-(0.1/1024) VIN in time T. (0.1/1024) means that A/D precision drop due to insufficient capacitor charge is held to 0.1 LSB at time of A/D conversion in 10-bit mode. Actual error however is the value of absolute precision added to 0.1 LSB. When f(AD) = 10 MHz, T = 0.3 s in the A/D conversion mode with sample & hold. Output impedance R0 for sufficiently charging capacitor C within time T is determined as follows. T = 0.3 s, R = 7.8 k, C = 1.5 pF, X = 0.1, and Y = 1024. Hence, 0.3 10-6 R0 = - 1.5 10 -12 * ln 0.1 -7.8 103 = 13.9 103 1024 Thus, the allowable output impedance of the sensor equivalent circuit, making the precision (error) 0.1 LSB or less, is approximately 13.9 k. maximum. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 217 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 16. A/D Converter MCU Sensor equivalent circuit R0 VIN R (7.8 k) Sampling time C (1.5 pF) VC Sample and hold enabled: 3 AD Sample and hold disabled: 2 AD Figure 16.10 Analog Input Pin and External Sensor Equivalent Circuit Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 218 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 17. D/A Converter 17. D/A Converter This is an 8-bit, R-2R type D/A converter. These are two independent D/A converters. D/A conversion is performed by writing to the DAi register (i = 0, 1). To output the result of conversion, set the DAiE bit in the DACON register to 1 (output enabled). Before D/A conversion can be used, the corresponding port direction bit is set to 0 (input mode). Setting the DAiE bit to 1 removes a pull-up from the corresponding port. Output analog voltage (V) is determined by a set value (n : decimal) in the DAi register. V = VREF n/ 256 (n = 0 to 255) VREF : reference voltage Table 17.1 lists the D/A converter Performance. Figure 17.1 shows the D/A Converter Block Diagram. Figure 17.2 shows the D/A converter-related registers. Figure 17.3 shows the D/A Converter Equivalent Circuit. Table 17.1 D/A Converter Performance Item D/A conversion method R-2R method Resolution 8 bits Analog output pin 2 channels (DA0 and DA1) Performance Data bus low-order DA0 register 0 R-2R resistor ladder 1 DA0 DA0E bit DA1 register 0 R-2R resistor ladder 1 DA1E bit Figure 17.1 D/A Converter Block Diagram Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 219 of 378 DA1 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 17. D/A Converter D/A Control Register (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol Address After Reset DACON 03DCh 00h Bit Symbol Bit Name Function DA0E D/A0 output enable bit 0 : Output disabled 1 : Output enabled DA1E D/A1 output enable bit 0 : Output disabled 1 : Output enabled (b7-b2) RW Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is 0. RW RW - NOTE: 1. When not using the D/A converter, set the DAiE bit (i = 0, 1) to 0 (output disabled) to reduce the unnecessary current consumption in the chip and set the DAi register to 00h to prevent current from flowing into the R-2R resistor. D/A Register i (i = 0, 1) (1) b7 b0 Symbol Address After Reset DA0 DA1 03D8h 03DAh 00h 00h Function Setting Range Output value of D/A conversion RW RW 00h to FFh NOTE: 1. When not using the D/A converter, set the DAiE bit (i = 0, 1) to 0 (output disabled) to reduce the unnecessary current consumption in the chip and set the DAi register to 00h to prevent current from flowing into the R-2R resistor. Figure 17.2 Registers DACON, DA0, and DA1 DAiE bit 0 r R R R R R R R 2R DAi 1 2R 2R 2R 2R MSB 2R 2R 2R LSB DAi register 0 1 AVSS VREF (2) i = 0, 1 NOTES: 1. The above diagram shows an instance in which the DAi register is assigned 2Ah. 2. VREF is not related to VCUT bit setting in the ADCON1 register. Figure 17.3 D/A Converter Equivalent Circuit Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 2R page 220 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 18. CRC Calculation 18. CRC Calculation The Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) operation detects an error in data blocks. The MCU uses a generator polynomial of CRC-CCITT (X16 + X12 + X5 + 1) to generate CRC code. The CRC code consists of 16 bits which are generated for each data block in given length, separated in 8-bit unit. After the initial value is set in the CRCD register, the CRC code is set in that register each time one byte of data is written to the CRCIN register. CRC code generation for one-byte data is finished in two cycles. Figure 18.1 shows the CRC Circuit Block Diagram. Figure 18.2 shows the CRC-related registers. Figure 18.3 shows the calculation example using the CRC operation. Data bus high-order Data bus low-order Low-order 8 bits High-order 8 bits CRCD register CRC code generation circuit x16 +x12 +x5 +1 CRCIN register Figure 18.1 CRC Circuit Block Diagram CRC Data Register (b15) b7 (b8) b0 b7 b0 Symbol Address CRCD 03BDh to 03BCh Function After Reset Undefined Setting Range When data is written to the CRCIN register after setting the initial value in the CRCD register, the CRC code can be read out from the CRCD register. 0000h to FFFFh RW RW CRC Input Register b7 b0 Symbol Address CRCIN 03BEh Function Data input Figure 18.2 Registers CRCD and CRCIN Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 221 of 378 After Reset Undefined Setting Range 00h to FFh RW RW M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 18. CRC Calculation Setup procedure and CRC operation when generating CRC code "80C4h" CRC operation performed by the M16C CRC code: Remainder of a division in which the value written to the CRCIN register with its bit positions reversed is divided by the generator polynomial Generator polynomial: X6 +X12 +X5+1(1 0001 0000 0010 0001b) Setting procedure (1) Reverse the bit positions of the value "80C4h" by program in 1-byte unit. "80h" "01h", "C4h" "23h" b15 b0 (2) Write 0000h (initial value) CRCD register b7 b0 CRCIN register Two cycles later, the CRC code for "80h," i.e., 9188h, has its bit positions reversed to become "1189h" which is stored in the CRCD register. (3) Write 01h b0 b15 1189h b7 CRCD register b0 (4) Write 23h CRCIN register Two cycles later, the CRC code for "80C4h," i.e., 8250h, has its bit positions reversed to become "0A41h" which is stored in the CRCD register. b15 b0 0A41h CRCD register Details of CRC operation As shown in (3) above, bit position of "01h" (00000001b) written to the CRCIN register is inversed and becomes "10000000b". Add "1000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000b", as "10000000b" plus 16 digits, to "0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000b", as "0000 0000 0000 0000b" plus 8 digits as the default value of the CRCD register to perform the modulo-2 division. 1 0001 0000 0010 0001 1000 0000 0000 0000 1000 1000 0001 0000 Generator polynomial 1000 0001 0000 1000 1000 0001 1001 0001 CRC code 1000 1000 0000 0000 1 1000 0 0000 1 1000 1000 Data Modulo-2 operation is operation that complies with the law given below. 0+0=0 0+1=1 1+0=1 1+1=0 -1 = 1 "0001 0001 1000 1001b (1189h)", the remainder "1001 0001 1000 1000b (9188h)" with inversed bit position, can be read from the CRCD register. When going on to (4) above, "23h (00100011b)" written in the CRCIN register is inversed and becomes "11000100b". Add "1100 0100 0000 0000 0000 0000b", as "11000100b" plus 16 digits, to "1001 0001 1000 1000 0000 0000b", as "1001 0001 1000 1000b" plus 8 digits as a remainder of (3) left in the CRCD register to perform the modulo-2 division. "0000 1010 0100 0001b (0A41h)", the remainder with inversed bit position, can be read from CRCD register. Figure 18.3 CRC Calculation Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 222 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module 19. CAN Module The CAN (Controller Area Network) module for the M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) of MCUs is a communication controller implementing the CAN 2.0B protocol. The M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) contains two CAN modules which can transmit and receive messages in both standard (11-bit) ID and extended (29-bit) ID formats. Figure 19.1 shows the CAN Module Block Diagram. External CAN bus driver and receiver are required. Data bus CiCONR register CiCTLR register CiGMR register CiIDR register CiLMAR register CiMCTLj register CiLMBR register CTX Message box slots 0 to 15 Protocol controller Acceptance filter slots 0 to 15 16 bit timer CRX CiTSR register Message ID DLC Message data Time stamp Wake-up function Interrupt generation function CiRECR register CiTECR register CiSTR register CiSSTR register CiICR register CANi successful reception int CANi successful transmission int CAN0/1 error int Data bus CAN0/1 wake-up int i = 0, 1 j = 0 to 15 Figure 19.1 CAN Module Block Diagram CTX/CRX: Protocol controller: CAN I/O pins. This controller handles the bus arbitration and the CAN protocol services, i.e. bit timing, stuffing, error status etc. Message box: This memory block consists of 16 slots that can be configured either as transmitter or receiver. Each slot contains an individual ID, data length code, a data field (8 bytes), and a time stamp. Acceptance filter: This block performs filtering operation for received messages. For the filtering operation, the CiGMR register (i = 0, 1), the CiLMAR register, or the CiLMBR register is used. 16 bit timer: Used for the time stamp function. When the received message is stored in the message memory, the timer value is stored as a time stamp. Wake-up function: CAN0/1 wake-up interrupt request is generated by a message from the CAN bus. Interrupt generation function: The interrupt requests are generated by the CAN module. CANi successful reception interrupt, CANi successful transmission interrupt, CAN0/1 error interrupt, and CAN0/1 wake-up interrupt. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 223 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module 19.1 CAN Module-Related Registers The CANi (i = 0, 1) module has the following registers. 19.1.1 CANi Message Box (i = 0, 1) A CAN module is equipped with 16 slots (16 bytes or 8 words each). Slots 14 and 15 can be used as Basic CAN. * Priority of the slots: The smaller the number of the slot, the higher the priority, in both transmission and reception. * A program can define whether a slot is defined as transmitter or receiver. 19.1.2 Acceptance Mask Registers A CAN module is equipped with 3 masks for the acceptance filter. * CANi global mask register (i = 0, 1) (CiGMR register: 6 bytes) Configuration of the masking condition for acceptance filtering processing to slots 0 to 13 * CANi local mask A register (CiLMAR register: 6 bytes) Configuration of the masking condition for acceptance filtering processing to slot 14 * CANi local mask B register (CiLMBR register: 6 bytes) Configuration of the masking condition for acceptance filtering processing to slot 15 19.1.3 CAN SFR Registers * CANi message control register j (i = 0, 1, j = 0 to 15) (CiMCTLj register: 8 bits 16) Control of transmission and reception of a corresponding slot * CANi control register (CiCTLR register: 16 bits) Control of the CAN protocol * CANi status register (CiSTR register: 16 bits) Indication of the protocol status * CANi slot status register (CiSSTR register: 16 bits) Indication of the status of contents of each slot * CANi interrupt control register (CiICR register: 16 bits) Selection of "interrupt enabled or disabled" for each slot * CANi extended ID register (CiIDR register: 16 bits) Selection of ID format (standard or extended) for each slot * CANi configuration register (CiCONR register: 16 bits) Configuration of the bus timing * CANi receive error count register (CiRECR register: 8 bits) Indication of the error status of the CAN module in reception: the counter value is incremented or decremented according to the error occurrence. * CANi transmit error count register (CiTECR register: 8 bits) Indication of the error status of the CAN module in transmission: the counter value is incremented or decremented according to the error occurrence. * CANi time stamp register (CiTSR register: 16 bits) Indication of the value of the time stamp counter * CANi acceptance filter support register (CiAFS register: 16 bits) Decoding the received ID for use by the acceptance filter support unit Explanation of each register is given below. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 224 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module 19.2 CANi Message Box (i = 0, 1) Table 19.1 shows the CANi Message Box Memory Mapping. It is possible to access to the message box in byte or word. Mapping of the message contents differs from byte access to word access. Byte access or word access can be selected by the MsgOrder bit in the CiCTLR register. Table 19.1 CANi Message Box Memory Mapping Address CAN0 0060h + n 16 + 0 0060h + n 16 + 1 0060h + n 16 + 2 0060h + n 16 + 3 0060h + n 16 + 4 0060h + n 16 + 5 0060h + n 16 + 6 0060h + n 16 + 7 * * * 0060h + n 16 + 13 0060h + n 16 + 14 0060h + n 16 + 15 CAN1 0260h + n 16 + 0 0260h + n 16 + 1 0260h + n 16 + 2 0260h + n 16 + 3 0260h + n 16 + 4 0260h + n 16 + 5 0260h + n 16 + 6 0260h + n 16 + 7 * * * 0260h + n * 16 + 13 0260h + n 16 + 14 0260h + n 16 + 15 i = 0, 1 n = 0 to 15: the number of the slot Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 225 of 378 Message Content (Memory Mapping) Byte Access (8 bits) Word Access (16 bits) SID10 to SID6 SID5 to SID0 SID5 to SID0 SID10 to SID6 EID17 to EID14 EID13 to EID6 EID13 to EID6 EID17 to EID14 EID5 to EID0 Data length code (DLC) Data length code (DLC) EID5 to EID0 Data byte 0 Data byte 1 Data byte 1 Data byte 0 * * * * * * Data byte 7 Data byte 6 Time stamp high-order byte Time stamp low-order byte Time stamp low-order byte Time stamp high-order byte M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module Figures 19.2 and 19.3 show the Bit Mapping in Byte Access and Word Access. The content of each slot remains unchanged unless transmission or reception of a new message is performed. b7 b0 SID5 EID13 EID12 SID10 SID9 SID8 SID7 SID6 SID4 SID3 SID2 SID1 SID0 EID17 EID16 EID15 EID14 EID11 EID10 EID9 EID8 EID7 EID6 EID5 EID4 EID3 EID2 EID1 EID0 DLC3 DLC2 DLC1 DLC0 Data byte 0 Data byte 1 Data byte 7 Time stamp high-order byte Time stamp low-order byte CAN data frame: SID10 to 6 SID5 to 0 EID17 to 14 EID13 to 6 EID5 to 0 DLC3 to 0 Data byte 0 Data byte 1 Data byte 7 NOTE: 1. When is read, the value is the one written upon the transmission slot configuration. The value is 0 when read on the reception slot configuration. Figure 19.2 Bit Mapping in Byte Access b15 b8 b7 SID10 SID9 SID8 SID7 SID6 b0 SID5 SID4 SID3 SID2 SID1 SID0 EID17 EID16 EID15 EID14 EID13 EID12 EID11 EID10 EID9 EID8 EID7 EID6 EID5 EID4 EID3 EID2 EID1 EID0 DLC3 DLC2 DLC1 DLC0 Data byte 0 Data byte 1 Data byte 2 Data byte 3 Data byte 4 Data byte 5 Data byte 6 Data byte 7 Time stamp high-order byte Time stamp low-order byte CAN data frame: SID10 to 6 SID5 to 0 EID17 to 14 EID13 to 6 EID5 to 0 DLC3 to 0 Data byte 0 Data byte 1 NOTE: 1. When is read, the value is the one written upon the transmission slot configuration. The value is 0 when read on the reception slot configuration. Figure 19.3 Bit Mapping in Word Access Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 226 of 378 Data byte 7 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module 19.3 Acceptance Mask Registers Figures 19.4 and 19.5 show the Mask registers Bit Mapping (registers CiGMR (i = 0, 1), CiLMAR, and CiLMBR) in Byte Access and Word Access. Addresses b7 SID5 EID13 EID12 EID12 EID12 CAN1 SID10 SID9 SID8 SID7 SID6 0160h 0360h SID4 SID3 SID2 SID1 SID0 0161h 0361h EID17 EID16 EID15 EID14 0162h 0362h EID10 EID9 EID8 EID7 EID6 0163h 0363h EID5 EID4 EID3 EID2 EID1 EID0 0164h 0364h SID10 SID9 SID8 SID7 SID6 0166h 0366h SID4 SID3 SID2 SID1 SID0 0167h 0367h EID17 EID16 EID15 EID14 0168h 0368h CiGMR register CiLMAR register EID11 EID10 EID9 EID8 EID7 EID6 0169h 0369h EID5 EID4 EID3 EID2 EID1 EID0 016Ah 036Ah SID10 SID9 SID8 SID7 SID6 016Ch 036Ch SID4 SID3 SID2 SID1 SID0 016Dh 036Dh EID17 EID16 EID15 EID14 016Eh 036Eh SID5 EID13 CAN0 EID11 SID5 EID13 b0 EID11 EID10 EID9 EID8 EID7 EID6 016Fh 036Fh EID5 EID4 EID3 EID2 EID1 EID0 0170h 0370h CiLMBR register i = 0, 1 NOTES: 1. is undefined. 2. These registers can be written in CAN reset/initialization mode of the CAN module. Figure 19.4 Mask Registers Bit Mapping in Byte Access Addresses b15 b8 b7 b0 CAN0 CAN1 SID5 SID4 SID3 SID2 SID1 SID0 0160h 0360h EID17 EID16 EID15 EID14 EID13 EID12 EID11 EID10 EID9 EID8 EID7 EID6 0162h 0362h 0164h 0364h SID5 SID4 SID3 SID2 SID1 SID0 0166h 0366h EID17 EID16 EID15 EID14 EID13 EID12 EID11 EID10 EID9 EID8 EID7 EID6 0168h 0368h 016Ah 036Ah SID5 SID4 SID3 SID2 SID1 SID0 016Ch 036Ch EID17 EID16 EID15 EID14 EID13 EID12 EID11 EID10 EID9 EID8 EID7 EID6 016Eh 036Eh 0170h 0370h SID10 SID9 SID8 SID7 SID6 EID5 EID4 EID3 EID2 EID1 EID0 SID10 SID9 SID8 SID7 SID6 EID5 EID4 EID3 EID2 EID1 EID0 SID10 SID9 SID8 SID7 SID6 EID5 EID4 EID3 EID2 EID1 EID0 i = 0, 1 NOTES: 1. is undefined. 2. These registers can be written in CAN reset/initialization mode of the CAN module. Figure 19.5 Mask Registers Bit Mapping in Word Access Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 227 of 378 CiGMR register CiLMAR register CiLMBR register M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module 19.4 CAN SFR Registers Figures 19.6 to 19.11 show the CAN SFR registers. CANi Message Control Register j (i = 0, 1) ( j = 0 to 15) (4) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol C0MCTL0 to C0MCTL15 C1MCTL0 to C1MCTL15 Bit Symbol Address 0200h to 020Fh 0220h to 022Fh Bit Name After Reset 00h 00h Function RW RO (1) RO (1) NewData Successful reception flag When set to reception slot 0: The content of the slot is read or still under processing by the CPU. 1 The CAN module has stored new data in the slot. SentData Successful transmission flag When set to transmission slot 0: Transmission is not started or completed yet. 1: Transmission is successfully completed. InvalData "Under reception" flag When set to reception slot 0: The message is valid. 1: The message is invalid. (The message is being updated.) RO TrmActive "Under transmission" flag When set to transmission slot 0: Waiting for bus idle or completion of arbitration. 1: Transmitting RO MsgLost Overwrite flag When set to reception slot 0: No message has been overwritten in this slot. (1) 1: This slot already contained a message, but it has RO been overwritten by a new one. Remote frame transmission/ RemActive reception status flag (2) 0: Data frame transmission/reception status 1: Remote frame transmission/reception status When set to reception remote frame slot 0: After a remote frame is received, it will be answered automatically. 1: After a remote frame is received, no transmission will be started as long as this bit is set to 1. (Not responding) RW RspLock Auto response lock mode select bit Remote Remote frame corresponding slot select bit 0: Slot not corresponding to remote frame 1: Slot corresponding to remote frame RW RecReq Reception slot request bit (3) 0: Not reception slot 1: Reception slot RW TrmReq Transmission slot request bit (3) 0: Not transmission slot 1: Transmission slot RW RW NOTES: 1. As for write, only writing 0 is possible. The value of each bit is written when the CAN module enters the respective state. 2. In Basic CAN mode, slots 14 and 15 serve as data format identification flag. The RemActive bit is set to 0 if the data frame is received and it is set to 1 if the remote frame is received. 3. One slot cannot be defined as reception slot and transmission slot at the same time. 4. This register cannot be set in CAN reset/initialization mode of the CAN module. Figure 19.6 Registers C0MCTLj and C1MCTLj Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 228 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module CANi Control Register (i = 0, 1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol C0CTLR C1CTLR Address 0210h 0230h Function RW CAN module reset bit (1) 0: Operation mode 1: Reset/initialization mode RW Loop back mode 0: Loop back mode disabled 1: Loop back mode enabled RW 0: Word access 1: Byte access RW 0: Basic CAN mode disabled 1: Basic CAN mode enabled RW 0: Bus error interrupt disabled 1: Bus error interrupt enabled RW Bit Symbol Reset LoopBack MsgOrder BasicCAN BusErrEn After Reset X0000001b X0000001b Bit Name select bit (2) Message order select bit (2) Basic CAN mode select bit (2) Bus error interrupt enable bit (2) Sleep select bit (2) (3) 0: Sleep mode disabled 1: Sleep mode enabled; clock supply stopped RW PortEn CAN port enable bit (2) (3) 0: I/O port function 1: CTX/CRX function (4) RW (b7) Sleep mode Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. - NOTES: 1. When the Reset bit is set to 1 (CAN reset/initialization mode), check that the State_Reset bit in the CiSTR register is set to 1 (reset mode). 2. Change this bit only in CAN reset/initialization mode. 3. When using CAN0/1 wake-up interrupt, set these bits to 1. 4. When the PortEn bit is set to 1 (CTX/CRX function), set the corresponding port direction bit for the CRXi pin to 0 (input mode). (b15) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 (b8) b0 Symbol C0CTLR C1CTLR Address 0211h 0231h Bit Symbol After Reset XX0X0000b XX0X0000b Bit Name Function RW b1 b0 TSPreScale Time stamp prescaler (3) 0 0: Period of 1 bit time 0 1: Period of 1/2 bit time 1 0: Period of 1/4 bit time 1 1: Period of 1/8 bit time TSReset Time stamp counter reset bit (1) 0: Nothing is occurred. 1: Force reset of the time stamp counter RW RetBusOff Return from bus off command bit (2) 0: Nothing is occurred. 1: Force return from bus off RW (b4) RXOnly (b7-b6) Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. Listen-only mode select bit (3) 0: Listen-only mode disabled 1: Listen-only mode enabled (4) Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. NOTES: 1. When the TSReset bit = 1, the CiTSR register is set to 0000h. After this, the bit is automatically set to 0. 2. When the RetBusOff bit = 1, registers CiRECR and CiTECR are set to 00h. After this, this bit is automatically set to 0. 3. Change this bit only in CAN reset/initialization mode. 4. When Listen-only mode is selected, do not request the transmission. Figure 19.7 Registers C0CTLR and C1CTLR Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 229 of 378 RW RW - M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module CANi Status Register (i = 0, 1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol C0STR C1STR Address 0212h 0232h Bit Symbol Bit Name After Reset 00h 00h Function RW b3 b2 b1 b0 MBOX Active slot bits (1) 0 0 0 0 0 0. .. 1 1 1 1 0 0 : Slot 0 0 1 : Slot 1 1 0 : Slot 2 RO 1 0 : Slot 14 1 1 : Slot 15 TrmSucc Successful transmission flag (1) 0: No [successful] transmission 1: The CAN module has transmitted a message successfully. RO RecSucc Successful reception flag (1) 0: No [successful] reception 1: CAN module received a message successfully. RO TrmState Transmission flag (transmitter) 0: CAN module is idle or receiver. 1: CAN module is transmitter. RO RecState Reception flag (receiver) 0: CAN module is idle or transmitter. 1: CAN module is receiver. RO NOTE: 1. These bits can be changed only when a slot which an interrupt is enabled by the CiICR register is transmitted or received successfully. (b15) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 (b8) b0 Symbol C0STR C1STR Address 0213h 0233h Bit Symbol Bit Name State_Reset Reset state flag RW RO Loop back state flag 0: Not Loop back mode 1: Loop back mode RO State_ MsgOrder Message order state flag 0:Word access 1: Byte access RO State_ BasicCAN Basic CAN mode state flag 0: Not Basic CAN mode 1: Basic CAN mode RO State_ BusError Bus error state flag 0: No error has occurred. 1: A CAN bus error has occurred. RO State_ ErrPass Error passive state flag 0: CAN module is not in error passive state. 1: CAN module is in error passive state. RO State_ BusOff Error bus off state flag 0: CAN module is not in error bus off state. 1: CAN module is in error bus off state. RO - Figure 19.8 Registers C0STR and C1STR page 230 of 378 Function 0: Operation mode 1: Reset mode State_ LoopBack (b7) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 After Reset X0000001b X0000001b Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. - M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module CANi Slot Status Register (i = 0, 1) (b15) b7 (b8) b0 b7 b0 Symbol C0SSTR C1SSTR Address 0215h, 0214h 0235h, 0234h After Reset 0000h 0000h Setting Values RW 0: Reception slot The message has been read. Transmission slot Transmission is not completed. 1: Reception slot The message has not been read. Transmission slot Transmission is completed. RO Function Slot status bits Each bit corresponds to the slot with the same number. CANi Interrupt Control Register (i = 0, 1) (1) (b15) b7 (b8) b0 b7 b0 Symbol C0ICR C1ICR Address 0217h, 0216h 0237h, 0236h After Reset 0000h 0000h Setting Values Function 0: Interrupt disabled Interrupt enable bits: Each bit corresponds with a slot with the same 1: Interrupt enabled number. Enabled/disabled of successful transmission interrupt or successful reception interrupt can be selected. RW RW NOTE: 1. This register cannot be set in CAN reset/initialization mode of the CAN module. CANi Extended ID Register (i = 0, 1) (1) (b15) b7 (b8) b0 b7 b0 Symbol C0IDR C1IDR Address 0219h, 0218h 0239h, 0238h Function After Reset 0000h 0000h Setting Values 0: Standard ID Extended ID bits: Each bit corresponds with a slot with the same 1: Extended ID number. Selection of the ID format that each slot handles. NOTE: 1. This register cannot be set in CAN reset/initialization mode of the CAN module. Figure 19.9 Registers C0SSTR, C1SSTR, C0ICR, C1ICR, C0IDR, and C1IDR Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 231 of 378 RW RW M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module CANi Configuration Register (i = 0, 1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol C0CONR C1CONR Bit Symbol Address 021Ah 023Ah After Reset Undefined Undefined Bit Name Function RW b3 b2 b1 b0 0 0 0 0 : Divide-by-1 of fCAN 0 0 0 1 : Divide-by-2 of fCAN 0 0 1 0 : Divide-by-3 of fCAN ..... BRP Prescaler division ratio select bits RW 1 1 1 0 : Divide-by-15 of fCAN 1 1 1 1 : Divide-by-16 of fCAN (1) SAM Sampling control bit 0 : One time sampling 1 : Three times sampling RW b7 b6 b5 0 0 0 : 1Tq 0 0 1 : 2Tq 0 1 0 : 2Tq RW ..... PTS Propagation time segment control bits 1 1 0 : 7Tq 1 1 1 : 8Tq NOTE: 1. fCAN serves for the CAN clock. The period is decided by configuration of the CCLKi bit (i = 0 to 2, 4 to 6) in the CCLKR register. (b15) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 (b8) b0 Symbol C0CONR C1CONR Bit Symbol Address 021Bh 023Bh After Reset Undefined Undefined Bit Name Function RW b2 b1b0 0 0 0 : Do not set a value 0 0 1 : 2Tq 0 1 0 : 3Tq ..... PBS1 Phase buffer segment 1 control bits RW 1 1 0 : 7Tq 1 1 1 : 8Tq b5 b4 b3 0 0 0 : Do not set a value 0 0 1 : 2Tq 0 1 0 : 3Tq ..... PBS2 Phase buffer segment 2 control bits RW 1 1 0 : 7Tq 1 1 1 : 8Tq b7 b6 SJW Resynchronization jump width control bits Figure 19.10 Registers C0CONR and C1CONR Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 232 of 378 0 0 1 1 0 : 1Tq 1 : 2Tq 0 : 3Tq 1 : 4Tq RW M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module CANi Receive Error Count Register (i = 0, 1) b7 b0 Symbol C0RECR C1RECR Address 021Ch 023Ch After Reset 00h 00h Counter Value Function Reception error counting function The value is incremented or decremented according to the CAN module's error status. 00h to FFh (1) RW RO NOTE: 1. The value is undefined in bus off state. CANi Transmit Error Count Register (i = 0, 1) b7 b0 Symbol C0TECR C1TECR Address 021Dh 023Dh After Reset 00h 00h Counter Value Function Transmission error counting function The value is incremented or decremented according to the CAN module's error status. 00h to FFh (1) RW RO NOTE: 1. The value is undefined in bus off state. CANi Time Stamp Register (i = 0, 1) (1) (b15) b7 (b8) b0 b7 b0 Symbol C0TSR C1TSR Address 021Fh, 021Eh 023Fh, 023Eh After Reset 0000h 0000h Function Counter Value Time stamp function RW RO 0000h to FFFFh NOTE: 1. Use a 16-bit data for read. CANi Acceptance Filter Support Register (i = 0, 1) (b15) b7 (b8) b0 b7 b0 Symbol C0AFS C1AFS Address 0243h, 0242h 0245h, 0244h Function Write the content equivalent to the standard frame ID of the received message. The value is "converted standard frame ID" when read. After Reset Undefined Undefined Setting Values Standard frame ID RW RW Figure 19.11 Registers C0RECR, C1RECR, C0TECR, C1TECR, C0TSR, C1TSR, C0AFS, and C1AFS Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 233 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module 19.5 Operational Modes The CAN module has the following four operational modes. * CAN reset/Initialization mode * CAN operation mode * CAN sleep mode * CAN interface sleep mode Figure 19.12 shows the Transition between Operational Modes. MCU Reset Reset = 0 CAN reset/initialization mode State_Reset = 1 Sleep = 0 CAN operation mode State_Reset = 0 Reset = 1 Sleep = 1 TEC > 255 CCLK3 = 1 or CCLK7 = 1 CAN interface sleep mode CAN sleep mode Reset = 1 when 11 consecutive recessive bits are detected 128 times or RetBusOff = 1 Bus off state State_BusOff = 1 CCLK3 = 0 or CCLK7 = 0 CCLK3, CCLK7: Bits in CCLKR register Reset, Sleep, RetBusOff: Bits in CiCTLR register ( i = 0, 1) State_Reset, State_BusOff: Bits in CiSTR register Figure 19.12 Transition between Operational Modes 19.5.1 CAN Reset/Initialization Mode CAN reset/initialization mode is activated upon MCU reset or by setting the Reset bit in the CiCTLR register ( i = 0, 1) to 1. If the Reset bit is set to 1, check that the State_Reset bit in the CiSTR register is set to 1. Entering CAN reset/initialization mode initiates the following functions by the module: * CAN communication is impossible. * When CAN reset/initialization mode is activated during an ongoing transmission in operation mode, the module suspends the mode transition until completion of the transmission (successful, arbitration loss, or error detection). Then, the State_Reset bit is set to 1, and CAN reset/initialization mode is activated. * Registers CiMCTLj (j = 0 to 15), CiSTR, CiICR, CiIDR, CiRECR, CiTECR, and CiTSR are initialized. All these registers are locked to prevent CPU modification. * Registers CiCTLR, CiCONR, CiGMR, CiLMAR, and CiLMBR, and the CANi message box retain their contents and are available for CPU access. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 234 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module 19.5.2 CAN Operation Mode CAN operation mode is activated by setting the Reset bit in the CiCTLR register (i = 0, 1) to 0. If the Reset bit is set to 0, check that the State_Reset bit in the CiSTR register is set to 0. If 11 consecutive recessive bits are detected after entering CAN operation mode, the module initiates the following functions: * The module's communication functions are released and it becomes an active node on the network and may transmit and receive CAN messages. * Release the internal fault confinement logic including receive and transmit error counters. The module may leave CAN operation mode depending on the error counts. Within CAN operation mode, the module may be in three different sub modes, depending on which type of communication functions are performed: * Module idle : The modules receive and transmit sections are inactive. * Module receives : The module receives a CAN message sent by another node. * Module transmits : The module transmits a CAN message. The module may receive its own message simultaneously when the LoopBack bit in the CiCTLR register = 1 (Loop back mode enabled). Figure 19.13 shows the Sub Modes of CAN Operation Mode. Module idle TrmState = 0 RecState = 0 Start transmission Finish transmission Finish reception Detect an SOF Module transmits Module receives TrmState = 1 RecState = 0 TrmState = 0 RecState = 1 Lost in arbitration TrmState, RecState: Bits in CiSTR register (i = 0, 1) Figure 19.13 Sub Modes of CAN Operation Mode 19.5.3 CAN Sleep Mode CAN sleep mode is activated by setting the Sleep bit to 1 in the CiCTLR register. It should never be activated from CAN operation mode but only via CAN reset/initialization mode. Entering CAN sleep mode instantly stops the clock supply to the module and thereby reduces power dissipation. 19.5.4 CAN Interface Sleep Mode CAN interface sleep mode is activated by setting the CCLK3 or CCLK7 bit in the CCLKR register to 1. It should never be activated but only via CAN sleep mode. Entering CAN interface sleep mode instantly stops the clock supply to the CPU Interface in the module and thereby reduces power dissipation. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 235 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module 19.5.5 Bus Off State The bus off state is entered according to the fault confinement rules of the CAN specification. When returning to CAN operation mode from the bus off state, the module has the following two cases. In this time, the value of any CAN registers, except registers CiSTR, CiRECR, and CiTECR, does not change. (1) When 11 consecutive recessive bits are detected 128 times The module enters instantly into error active state and the CAN communication becomes possible immediately. (2) When the RetBusOff bit in the CiCTLR register = 1 (Force return from buss off) The module enters instantly into error active state, and the CAN communication becomes possible again after 11 consecutive recessive bits are detected. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 236 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module 19.6 CAN Module System Clock Configuration The M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) has a CAN module system clock select circuit. Configuration of the CAN module system clock can be done through manipulating the CCLKR register and the BRP bit in the CiCONR register (i = 0, 1). For the CCLKR register, refer to 8. Clock Generation Circuit. Figure 19.14 shows the CAN Module System Clock Generation Circuit Block Diagram. f1 Divide-by-1 (undivided) Divide-by-2 Divide-by-4 Divide-by-8 Value: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 Divide-by-16 CAN module system clock divider Prescaler fCAN 1/2 CCLKR register Baud rate prescaler division value :P+1 fCANCLK CAN module fCAN : CAN module system clock P : The value written in the BRP bit in the CiCONR register ( i = 0, 1). P = 0 to 15 fCANCLK : CAN communication clock fCANCLK = fCAN/2(P + 1) Figure 19.14 CAN Module System Clock Generation Circuit Block Diagram 19.7 Bit Timing Configuration The bit time consists of the following four segments: * Synchronization segment (SS) This serves for monitoring a falling edge for synchronization. * Propagation time segment (PTS) This segment absorbs physical delay on the CAN network which amounts to double the total sum of delay on the CAN bus, the input comparator delay, and the output driver delay. * Phase buffer segment 1 (PBS1) This serves for compensating the phase error. When the falling edge of the bit falls later than expected, the segment can become longer by the maximum of the value defined in SJW. * Phase buffer segment 2 (PBS2) This segment has the same function as the phase buffer segment 1. When the falling edge of the bit falls earlier than expected, the segment can become shorter by the maximum of the value defined in SJW. Figure 19.15 shows the Bit Timing. Bit time SS PTS PBS2 PBS1 SJW SJW Sampling point The range of each segment: Bit time = 8 to 25Tq SS = 1Tq PTS = 1Tq to 8Tq PBS1 = 2Tq to 8Tq PBS2 = 2Tq to 8Tq SJW = 1Tq to 4Tq Figure 19.15 Bit Timing Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 237 of 378 Configuration of PBS1 and PBS2: PBS1 PBS2 PBS1 SJW PBS2 2 when SJW = 1 PBS2 SJW when 2 SJW 4 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module 19.8 Bit-rate Bit-rate depends on f1, the division value of the CAN module system clock, the division value of the baud rate prescaler, and the number of Tq of one bit. Table 19.2 shows the Examples of Bit-rate. Table 19.2 Examples of Bit-rate Bit-rate 24 MHz (2) 1 Mbps 12 Tq (1) 500 kbps 8 Tq (3) 12 Tq (2) 24 Tq (1) 125 kbps 8 Tq (12) 12 Tq (8) 16 Tq (6) 24 Tq (4) 83.3 kbps 8 Tq (18) 12 Tq (12) 16 Tq (9) 24 Tq (6) 33.3 kbps 10 Tq (36) 12 Tq (30) 20 Tq (18) 24 Tq (15) 20 MHz 10 Tq (1) 10 Tq (2) 20 Tq (1) 8 Tq (10) 10 Tq (8) 16 Tq (5) 20 Tq (4) 8 Tq (15) 10 Tq (12) 20 Tq (6) 10 Tq (30) 20 Tq (15) - 16 MHz 8 Tq (1) 8 Tq (2) 16 Tq (1) 8 Tq (8) 16 Tq (4) 8 Tq (12) 16 Tq (6) 8 Tq (30) 10 Tq (24) 16 Tq (15) 20 Tq (12) 10 MHz 10 Tq (1) 8 Tq (5) 10 Tq (4) 20 Tq (2) 10 Tq (6) 20 Tq (3) 10 Tq (15) - 8 MHz 8 Tq (1) 8 Tq (4) 16 Tq (2) 8 Tq (6) 16 Tq (3) 8 Tq (15) 10 Tq (12) 20 Tq (6) - NOTES: 1. The number in ( ) indicates a value of "fCAN division value" multiplied by "baud rate prescaler division value". 2. 24 MHz is available Normal-ver. only. 19.8.1 Calculation of Bit-rate 2 "fCAN division value f1 " "baud rate prescaler division value (2)" "number of Tq of one bit" (1) NOTES: 1. fCAN division value = 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 fCAN division value: a value selected in the CCLKR register 2. Baud rate prescaler division value = P + 1 (P: 0 to 15) P: a value selected in the BRP bit in the CiCONR register (i = 0, 1) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 238 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module 19.9 Acceptance Filtering Function and Masking Function These functions serve the users to select and receive a facultative message. Registers CiGMR (i = 0, 1), CiLMAR, and CiLMBR can perform masking to the standard ID and the extended ID of 29 bits. The CiGMR register corresponds to slots 0 to 13, the CiLMAR register corresponds to slot 14, and the CiLMBR register corresponds to slot 15. The masking function becomes valid to 11 bits or 29 bits of a received ID according to the value in the corresponding slot of the CiIDR register upon acceptance filtering operation. When the masking function is employed, it is possible to receive a certain range of IDs. Figure 19.16 shows the Correspondence of Mask Registers to Slots, Figure 19.17 shows the Acceptance Function. CiGMR register Slot #0 Slot #1 Slot #2 Slot #3 Slot #4 Slot #5 Slot #6 Slot #7 Slot #8 Slot #9 Slot #10 Slot #11 Slot #12 Slot #13 CiLMAR register CiLMBR register Slot #14 Slot #15 i = 0, 1 Figure 19.16 Correspondence of Mask Registers to Slots ID stored in ID of the the slot received message The value of the mask register Mask Bit Values 0: ID (to which the received message corresponds) match is handled as "Don't care". 1: ID (to which the received message corresponds) match is checked. Acceptance Signal Acceptance judge signal 0: The CAN module ignores the current incoming message. (Not stored in any slot) 1: The CAN module stores the current incoming message in a slot of which ID matches. Figure 19.17 Acceptance Function When using the acceptance function, note the following points. (1) When one ID is defined in two slots, the one with a smaller number alone is valid. (2) When it is configured that slots 14 and 15 receive all IDs with Basic CAN mode, slots 14 and 15 receive all IDs which are not stored into slots 0 to 13. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 239 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module 19.10 Acceptance Filter Support Unit (ASU) The acceptance filter support unit has a function to judge valid/invalid of a received ID through table search. The IDs to receive are registered in the data table; a received ID is stored in the CiAFS register ( i = 0, 1), and table search is performed with a decoded received ID. The acceptance filter support unit can be used for the IDs of the standard frame only. The acceptance filter support unit is valid in the following cases. * When the ID to receive cannot be masked by the acceptance filter. (Example) IDs to receive: 078h, 087h, 111h * When there are too many IDs to receive; it would take too much time to filter them by software. Figure 19.18 shows the Write/Read of CiAFS Register in Word Access. Addresses CAN0 CAN1 b15 When write b8 SID10 SID9 SID8 SID7 SID6 b7 b0 SID5 SID4 SID3 SID2 SID1 SID0 242h 244h b7 b0 SID10 SID9 SID8 SID7 SID6 SID5 SID4 SID3 242h 244h 3/8 decoder b15 b8 When read Figure 19.18 Write/read of CiAFS Register in Word Access Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 240 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module 19.11 Basic CAN Mode When the BasicCAN bit in the CiCTLR register (i = 0, 1) is set to 1 (Basic CAN mode enabled), slots 14 and 15 correspond to Basic CAN mode. In normal operation mode, each slot can handle only one type message at a time, either a data frame or a remote frame by setting CiMCTLj regisrer (j = 0 to 15). However, in Basic CAN mode, slots 14 and 15 can receive both types of message at the same time. When slots 14 and 15 are defined as reception slots in Basic CAN mode, received messages are stored in slots 14 and 15 alternately. Which type of message has been received can be checked by the RemActive bit in the CiMCTLj register. Figure 19.19 shows the Slots 14 and 15 Operation in Basic CAN Mode. Slot 14 Slot 15 Empty Locked (empty) Msg n Msg n Locked (empty) Locked (Msg n) Msg n + 1 Msg n+1 Msg n+2 (Msg n lost) Locked (Msg n+1) Msg n+2 Figure 19.19 Slots 14 and 15 Operation in Basic CAN Mode When using Basic CAN mode, note the following points. (1) Setting of Basic CAN mode has to be done in CAN reset/initialization mode. (2) Select the same ID for slots 14 and 15. Also, setting of registers CiLMAR and CiLMBR has to be the same. (3) Define slots 14 and 15 as reception slot only. (4) There is no protection available against message overwrite. A message can be overwritten by a new message. (5) Slots 0 to 13 can be used in the same way as in normal CAN operation mode. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 241 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module 19.12 Return from Bus Off Function When the protocol controller enters bus off state, it is possible to make it forced return from bus off state by setting the RetBusOff bit in the CiCTLR register (i = 0, 1) to 1 (force return from bus off). At this time, the error state changes from bus off state to error active state. If the RetBusOff bit is set to 1, registers CiRECR and CiTECR are initialized and the State_BusOff bit in the CiSTR register is set to 0 (CAN module is not in error bus off state). However, registers of the CAN module such as CiCONR register and the content of each slot are not initialized. 19.13 Time Stamp Counter and Time Stamp Function When the CiTSR register ( i = 0, 1) is read, the value of the time stamp counter at the moment is read. The period of the time stamp counter reference clock is the same as that of 1 bit time that is configured by the CiCONR register. The time stamp counter functions as a free run counter. The 1 bit time period can be divided by 1 (undivided), 2, 4 or 8 to produce the time stamp counter reference clock. Use the TSPreScale bit in the CiCTLR register to select the divide-by-n value. The time stamp counter is equipped with a register that captures the counter value when the protocol controller regards it as a successful reception. The captured value is stored when a time stamp value is stored in a reception slot. 19.14 Listen-Only Mode When the RXOnly bit in the CiCTLR register ( i = 0, 1) is set to 1, the module enters Listen-only mode. In Listen-only mode, no transmission, such as data frames, error frames, and ACK response, is performed to bus. When Listen-only mode is selected, do not request the transmission. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 242 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module 19.15 Reception and Transmission Table 19.3 lists the CAN Reception and Transmission Mode Configuration. Table 19.3 CAN Reception and Transmission Mode Configuration TrmReq RecReq Remote RspLock Communication Mode of Slot 0 0 Communication environment configuration mode: configure the communication mode of the slot. 0 1 0 0 Configured as a reception slot for a data frame. 1 0 1 0 Configured as a transmission slot for a remote frame. (At this time the RemActive = 1.) 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1/0 After completion of transmission, this functions as a reception slot for a data frame. (At this time the RemActive = 0.) However, when an ID that matches on the CAN bus is detected before remote frame transmission, this immediately functions as a reception slot for a data frame. Configured as a transmission slot for a data frame. Configured as a reception slot for a remote frame. (At this time the RemActive = 1.) After completion of reception, this functions as a transmission slot for a data frame. (At this time the RemActive = 0.) However, transmission does not start as long as RspLock bit remains 1; thus no automatic response. Response (transmission) starts when the RspLock bit is set to 0. TrmReq, RecReq, Remote, RspLock, RemActive, RspLock: Bits in CiMCTLj register (i = 0, 1, j = 0 to 15) When configuring a slot as a reception slot, note the following points. (1) Before configuring a slot as a reception slot, be sure to set the CiMCTLj register to 00h. (2) A received message is stored in a slot that matches the condition first according to the result of reception mode configuration and acceptance filtering operation. Upon deciding in which slot to store, the smaller the number of the slot is, the higher priority it has. (3) In normal CAN operation mode, when a CAN module transmits a message of which ID matches, the CAN module never receives the transmitted data. In loop back mode, however, the CAN module receives back the transmitted data. In this case, the module does not return ACK. When configuring a slot as a transmission slot, note the following points. (1) Before configuring a slot as a transmission slot, be sure to set the CiMCTLj registers to 00h. (2) Set the TrmReq bit in the CiMCTLj register to 0 (not transmission slot) before rewriting a transmission slot. (3) A transmission slot should not be rewritten when the TrmActive bit in the CiMCTLj register is 1 (transmitting). If it is rewritten, an undefined data will be transmitted. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 243 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module 19.15.1 Reception Figure 19.20 shows the Timing of Receive Data Frame Sequence. Figure 19.20 shows the behavior of the module when receiving two consecutive CAN messages, that fit into the slot of the shown CiMCTLj register (i = 0, 1, j = 0 to 15) and leads to losing/overwriting of the first message. SOF ACK EOF IFS SOF ACK IFS EOF CAN bus InvalData bit (2) NewData bit (2) (5) (4) (5) MsgLost bit CANi successful reception interrupt (5) (3) (1) RecSucc bit MBOX bit Receive slot No. CiSTR register RecState bit CiMCTLj register RecReq bit i = 0, 1 j = 0 to 15 Figure 19.20 Timing of Receive Data Frame Sequence (1) On monitoring a SOF on the CAN bus the RecState bit in the CiSTR register becomes 1 (CAN module is receiver) immediately, given the module has no transmission pending. (2) After successful reception of the message, the NewData bit in the CiMCTLj register of the receiving slot becomes 1 (stored new data in slot). The InvalData bit in the CiMCTLj register becomes 1 (message is being updated) at the same time and the InvalData bit becomes 0 (message is valid) again after the complete message was transferred to the slot. (3) When the interrupt enable bit in the CiICR register of the receiving slot = 1 (interrupt enabled), the CANi successful reception interrupt request is generated and the MBOX bit in the CiSTR register is changed. It shows the slot number where the message was stored and the RecSucc bit in the CiSTR register is active. (4) Read the message out of the slot after setting the New Data bit to 0 (the content of the slot is read or still under processing by the CPU) by a program. (5) When next CAN message is received before the NewData bit is set to 0 by a program or a receive request to a slot is canceled, the MsgLost bit in the CiMCTLj register is set to 1 (message has been overwritten). The new received message is transferred to the slot. Generating of an interrupt request and change of the CiSTR register are same as in 3). Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 244 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module 19.15.2 Transmission Figure 19.21 shows the Timing of Transmit Sequence. SOF ACK EOF IFS SOF (1) (4) TrmActive bit (1) (2) (3) SentData bit (3) CANi successful transmission interrupt (3) TrmState bit (1) (2) TrmSucc bit MBOX bit Transmission slot No. CiSTR register TrmReq bit CiMCTLj register CTX i = 0, 1 j = 0 to 15 Figure 19.21 Timing of Transmit Sequence (1) If the TrmReq bit in the CiMCTLj register (i = 0, 1, j = 0 to 15) is set to 1 (transmission slot) in the bus idle state, the TrmActive bit in the CiMCTLj register and the TrmState bit in the CiSTR register are set to 1 (transmitting/transmitter), and CAN module starts the transmission. (2) If the arbitration is lost after the CAN module starts the transmission, bits TrmActive and TrmState are set to 0. (3) If the transmission has been successful without lost in arbitration, the SentData bit in the CiMCTLj register is set to 1 (transmission is successfully completed) and TrmActive bit is set to 0 (waiting for bus idle or completion of arbitration). And when the interrupt enable bits in the CiICR register = 1 (interrupt enabled), CANi successful transmission interrupt request is generated and the MBOX (the slot number which transmitted the message) and TrmSucc bit in the CiSTR register are changed. (4) When starting the next transmission, set bits SentData and TrmReq to 0. And set the TrmReq bit to 1 after checking that bits SentData and TrmReq are set to 0. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 245 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 19. CAN Module 19.16 CAN Interrupt The CAN module provides the following CAN interrupts. * CANi successful reception interrupt ( i = 0, 1) * CANi successful transmission interrupt * CAN0/1 error Interrupt: Error passive state Error bus off state Bus error (this feature can be disabled separately) * CAN0/1 wake-up interrupt When the CPU detects the CANi successful reception/transmission interrupt request, the MBOX bit in the CiSTR register must be read to determine which slot has generated the interrupt request. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 246 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 20. Programmable I/O Ports 20. Programmable I/O Ports The programmable input/output ports (hereafter referred to simply as I/O ports) consist of 87 lines P0 to P10 in the 100-pin version and consist of 113 lines P0 to P14 in the 128-pin version. Each port can be set for input or output every line by using a direction register, and can also be chosen to be or not be pulled high_______ every 4 lines. P8_5 is an input-only port and does not have a pull-up resistor. Port P8_5 shares the pin with NMI, so ______ that the NMI input level can be read from the P8_5 bit in the P8 register. Table 20.1 lists the I/O ports Pin Number of Each Package. Figures 20.1 to 20.5 show the I/O ports. Figure 20.6 shows the I/O pins. Each pin functions as an I/O port, a peripheral function input/output pin or a bus control pin (1). For details on how to set peripheral functions, refer to each functional description in this manual. If any pin is used as a peripheral function input, SI/O4 output or D/A converter output pin, set the direction bit for that pin to 0 (input mode). Any pin used as an output pin for peripheral functions other than the SI/O4 and D/A converter is directed for output no matter how the corresponding direction bit is set. When using any pin as a bus control pin (1), refer to 7.2 Bus Control. NOTE: 1. Not available the bus control pins in T/V-ver.. Table 20.1 I/O Ports Pin Number of Each Package 128-pin Version I/O ports 100-pin Version P0_0 to P0_7 P0_0 to P0_7 P1_0 to P1_7 P2_0 to P2_7 P1_0 to P1_7 P2_0 to P2_7 P3_0 to P3_7 P3_0 to P3_7 P4_0 to P4_7 P4_0 to P4_7 P5_0 to P5_7 P5_0 to P5_7 P6_0 to P6_7 P6_0 to P6_7 P7_0 to P7_7 P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7 P7_0 to P7_7 P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7 (P8_5 is an input port) (P8_5 is an input port) P9_0 to P9_7 P9_0 to P9_7 P10_0 to P10_7 P10_0 to P10_7 P11_0 to P11_7 P12_0 to P12_7 P13_0 to P13_7 Total Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 P14_0, P14_1 113 pins page 247 of 378 87 pins M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 20. Programmable I/O Ports 20.1 PDi Register (100-pin Version: i = 0 to 10, 128-pin Version: i = 0 to 13) Figure 20.7 shows the PDi Register. This register selects whether the I/O port is to be used for input or output. The bits in this register correspond one for one to each port. During memory expansion and microprocessor modes (1), the PDi registers for the________ pins __________ functioning as bus _______ _______ _____ ________ ______ _________ ________ __________ control pins (A0 to A19, D0 to D15, CS0 to CS3, RD, WRL/WR, WRH/BHE, ALE, RDY, HOLD, HLDA, and BCLK) cannot be modified. No direction register bit for P8_5 is available. NOTE: 1. Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. 20.2 Pi Register (100-pin Version: i = 0 to 10, 128-pin Version: i = 0 to 13), PC14 Register Figure 20.8 shows the Pi Register. Data input/output to and from external devices are accomplished by reading and writing to the Pi register. The Pi register consists of a port latch to hold the input/output data and a circuit to read the pin status. For ports set for input mode, the input level of the pin can be read by reading the corresponding Pi register, and data can be written to the port latch by writing to the Pi register. For ports set for output mode, the port latch can be read by reading the corresponding Pi register, and data can be written to the port latch by writing to the Pi register. The data written to the port latch is output from the pin. The bits in the Pi register correspond one for one to each port. During memory expansion and microprocessor modes (1), the Pi registers for the________ pins __________ functioning as bus _______ _______ _____ ________ ______ _________ ________ __________ control pins (A0 to A19, D0 to D15, CS0 to CS3, RD, WRL/WR, WRH/BHE, ALE, RDY, HOLD, HLDA, and BCLK) cannot be modified. About the port P14 (128-pin version), Figure 20.8 shows the PC14 Register. NOTE: 1. Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. 20.3 PURj Register (100-pin Version: j = 0 to 2, 128-pin Version: j = 0 to 3) Figures 20.9 and 20.10 show the PURj Register. The PURj register bits can be used to select whether or not to pull the corresponding port high in 4-bit unit. The port selected to be pulled high has a pull-up resistor connected to it when the direction bit is set for input mode. However, the pull-up control register has no effect on P0 to P3, P4_0 to P4_3, and P5 during memory expansion and microprocessor modes (1). Although the register contents can be modified, no pull-up resistors are connected. When using the ports P11 to P14, set the PUR37 bit in the PUR3 register to 1 (P11 to P14 are usable). NOTE: 1. Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. 20.4 PCR Register Figure 20.11 shows the PCR Register. When the P1 register is read after setting the PCR0 bit in the PCR register to 1, the corresponding port latch can be read no matter how the PD1 register is set. Table 20.2 lists the Unassigned Pin Handling in Single-chip Mode and Table 20.3 lists the Unassigned Pin Handling in Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (normal-ver. only). Figure 20.12 shows the Unassigned Pin Handling. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 248 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 20. Programmable I/O Ports Pull-up selection Direction register P0_0 to P0 _7 P2_0 to P2_7 (inside dotted-line included) P3_0 to P3_7 P4_0 to P4_7 P5_0 to P5_4, P5_6 P11_2 to P11_4, P11_6 (2) P12_0 to P12_7 (2) P13_0 to P13_4 (2) P14_0, P14_1 (2) Data bus Port latch (NOTE 1) (inside dotted-line not included) Analog input Pull-up selection Direction register P1_0 to P1 _4 Port P1 control register Data bus Port latch (NOTE 1) Pull-up selection Direction register P1_5 to P1 _7 Port P1 control register Data bus Port latch (NOTE 1) Input to individual peripheral function Pull-up selection Direction register P5_7 P6_0, P6_4, P7_3 to P7_6 P8_0, P8_1 P9_0, P9_2 1 Output Data bus Port latch (NOTE 1) Input to individual peripheral function NOTES: 1. Symbolizes a parasitic diode. Make sure the input voltage on each port will not exceed VCC. 2. P11 to P14 are only in the 128-pin version. Figure 20.1 I/O Ports (1) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 249 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 20. Programmable I/O Ports Pull-up selection Direction register P6_1, P6_5 P7_2 1 Output Data bus Port latch Switching between CMOS and Nch (NOTE 1) Input to individual peripheral function Pull-up selection Direction register P8_2 to P8_4 Data bus Port latch (NOTE 1) Input to individual peripheral function Pull-up selection P5_5 P7_7 P9_7 P11_0, P11_1, P11_5, P11_7 (2) Data bus P13_5 to P13_7 (2) Direction register Port latch (NOTE 1) Input to individual peripheral function NOTES: 1. Symbolizes a parasitic diode. Make sure the input voltage on each port will not exceed VCC. 2. P11 and P13 are only in the 128-pin version. Figure 20.2 I/O Ports (2) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 250 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 20. Programmable I/O Ports Pull-up selection Direction register P6_2, P6_6 Port latch Data bus (NOTE 1) Switching between CMOS and Nch Input to individual peripheral function Pull-up selection Direction register P6_3, P6_7 P7_0 1 Port latch Data bus Output (NOTE 1) Switching between CMOS and Nch P8_5 Data bus NMI interrupt input (NOTE 1) Direction register P7_1, P9_1 1 Output Data bus Port latch (NOTE 2) Input to individual peripheral function NOTES: 1. Symbolizes a parasitic diode. Make sure the input voltage on each port will not exceed VCC. 2. Symbolizes a parasitic diode. Figure 20.3 I/O Ports (3) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 251 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 20. Programmable I/O Ports Pull-up selection Direction register P10_0 to P10_3 (inside dotted-line not included) P10_4 to P10_7 (inside dotted-line Data bus included) Port latch (NOTE 1) Analog input Input to individual peripheral function Pull-up selection D/A output enabled Direction register P9_3, P9_4 Data bus Port latch (NOTE 1) Input to individual peripheral function Analog output D/A output enabled Pull-up selection Direction register P9_6 1 Data bus Port latch Output (NOTE 1) Analog input Pull-up selection Direction register P9_5 1 Data bus Output Port latch (NOTE 1) Input to individual peripheral function Analog input NOTE: 1. Symbolizes a parasitic diode. Make sure the input voltage on each port will not exceed VCC. Figure 20.4 I/O Ports (4) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 252 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 20. Programmable I/O Ports Pull-up selection Direction register P8_7 Data bus Port latch (NOTE 1) fC Rf Pull-up selection Rd Direction register P8_6 1 Data bus Port latch Output (NOTE 1) NOTE: 1. Symbolizes a parasitic diode. Make sure the input voltage on each port will not exceed VCC. Figure 20.5 I/O Ports (5) BYTE BYTE signal input (NOTE 1) CNVSS CNVSS signal input (NOTE 1) RESET RESET signal input (NOTE 1) NOTE: 1. Symbolizes a parasitic diode. Make sure the input voltage on each port will not exceed VCC. Figure 20.6 I/O Pins Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 253 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 20. Programmable I/O Ports Port Pi Direction Register (i = 0 to 7, 9 to 13) (1) (2) (3) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol PD0 to PD3 PD4 to PD7 PD9 to PD12 (4) PD13 (4) Bit Symbol Address 03E2h, 03E3h, 03E6h, 03E7h 03EAh, 03EBh, 03EEh, 03EFh 03F3h, 03F6h, 03F7h, 03FAh 03FBh Bit Name After Reset 00h 00h 00h 00h Function RW PDi_0 Port Pi_0 direction bit PDi_1 Port Pi_1 direction bit PDi_2 Port Pi_2 direction bit PDi_3 Port Pi_3 direction bit RW PDi_4 Port Pi_4 direction bit RW PDi_5 Port Pi_5 direction bit RW PDi_6 Port Pi_6 direction bit RW PDi_7 Port Pi_7 direction bit 0 : Input mode (Functions as an input port) 1 : Output mode (Functions as an output port) RW RW RW RW NOTES: 1. Make sure registers PD7 and PD9 are written to by the next instruction after setting the PRC2 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (write enabled). 2. During memory expansion and microprocessor modes, the PDi register for the pins functioning as bus control pins (A0 to A19, D0 to D15, CS0 to CS3, RD, WRL/WR, WRH/BHE, ALE, RDY, HOLD, HLDA, and BCLK) cannot be modified. * Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. 3. When using the ports P11 to P13, set the PU37 bit in the PUR3 register to 1 (usable). 4. Registers PD11 to PD13 are only in the 128-pin version. Port P8 Direction Register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol PD8 After Reset 00X00000b Bit Symbol Bit Name PD8_0 Port P8_0 direction bit PD8_1 Port P8_1 direction bit PD8_2 Port P8_2 direction bit PD8_3 Port P8_3 direction bit RW PD8_4 Port P8_4 direction bit RW (b5) Port P8_6 direction bit PD8_7 Port P8_7 direction bit page 254 of 378 Function 0 : Input mode (Functions as an input port) 1 : Output mode (Functions as an output port) Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. PD8_6 Figure 20.7 Registers PD0 to PD13 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 Address 03F2h 0 : Input mode (Functions as an input port) 1 : Output mode (Functions as an output port) RW RW RW RW RW RW M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 20. Programmable I/O Ports Port Pi Register (i = 0 to 7, 9 to 13) (1) (2) (3) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 Symbol P0 to P3 P4 to P7 P9 to P12 (4) P13 (4) b0 Bit Symbol Address 03E0h, 03E1h, 03E4h, 03E5h 03E8h, 03E9h, 03ECh, 03EDh 03F1h, 03F4h, 03F5h, 03F8h 03F9h Bit Name Pi_0 Port Pi_0 bit Pi_1 Port Pi_1 bit Pi_2 Port Pi_2 bit Pi_3 Port Pi_3 bit Pi_4 Port Pi_4 bit Pi_5 Port Pi_5 bit Pi_6 Port Pi_6 bit Pi_7 Port Pi_7 bit After Reset Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined Function RW The pin level on any I/O port which is set for input mode can be read by reading the corresponding bit in this register. The pin level on any I/O port which is set for output mode can be controlled by writing to the corresponding bit in this register. 0 : "L" level 1 : "H" level RW RW RW RW RW RW RW RW NOTES: 1. Since P7_1 and P9_1 are N channel open-drain ports, the data is high-impedance. 2. During memory expansion and microprocessor modes, the Pi register for the pins functioning as bus control pins (A0 to A19, D0 to D15, CS0 to CS3, RD, WRL/WR, WRH/BHE, ALE, RDY, HOLD, HLDA, and BCLK) cannot be modified. * Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. 3. When using the ports P11 to P13, set the PU37 bit in the PUR3 register to 1 (usable). If this bit is set to 0 (unusable), registers P11 to P13 are set to 00h. 4. Registers P11 to P13 are only in the 128-pin version. Port P8 Register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol P8 Bit symbol Address 03F0h After Reset Undefined Bit name P8_0 Port P8 _0 bit P8_1 Port P8 _1 bit Pi8_2 Port P8 _2 bit P8_3 Port P8 _3 bit P8_4 Port P8 _4 bit P8_5 Port P8 _5 bit P8_6 Port P8 _6 bit P8_7 Port P8 _7 bit Function RW The pin level on any I/O port which is set for input mode can be read by reading the corresponding bit in this register. The pin level on any I/O port which is set for output mode can be controlled by writing to the corresponding bit in this register. (except for P8_5.) 0 : "L" level 1 : "H" level RW RW RW RW RW RO RW RW Port P14 Control Register (128-pin version) (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol PC14 Bit Symbol Address 03DEh Bit Name P140 Port P14_0 bit P141 Port P14_1 bit (b3-b2) PD140 PD141 (b7-b6) After Reset XX00XXXXb Function Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. Port P14_0 direction 0 : Input mode bit (Functions as an input port) Port P14_1 direction 1 : Output mode (Functions as an output port) bit Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is undefined. NOTE: 1. When using the port P14, set the PU37 bit in the PUR3 register to 1 (usable). Figure 20.8 Registers P0 to P13, and PC14 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 255 of 378 RW The pin level on any I/O port which is set for input mode can be read by reading the RW corresponding bit in this register. The pin level on any I/O port which is set for output mode can be controlled by writing to the corresponding bit in this register. RW 0 : "L" level 1 : "H" level RW RW - M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 20. Programmable I/O Ports Pull-up Control Register 0 (1) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol PUR0 Bit Symbol Address 03FCh After Reset 00h Bit Name Function RW PU00 P0_0 to P0_3 pull-up PU01 P0_4 to P0_7 pull-up PU02 P1_0 to P1_3 pull-up RW PU03 P1_4 to P1_7 pull-up RW PU04 P2_0 to P2_3 pull-up RW PU05 P2_4 to P2_7 pull-up RW PU06 P3_0 to P3_3 pull-up RW PU07 P3_4 to P3_7 pull-up 0 : Not pulled high 1 : Pulled high (2) RW RW RW NOTES: 1. During memory expansion and microprocessor modes, the pins are not pulled high although their corresponding register contents can be modified. * Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. 2. The pin for which this bit is 1 (pulled high) and the direction bit is 0 (input mode) is pulled high. Pull-up Control Register 1 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol PUR1 Bit Symbol After Reset (1) 00000000b 00000010b Address 03FDh Bit Name Function RW PU10 P4_0 to P4_3 pull-up (2) PU11 P4_4 to P4_7 pull-up (3) PU12 P5_0 to P5_3 pull-up (2) RW PU13 P5_4 to P5_7 pull-up (2) RW PU14 P6_0 to P6_3 pull-up RW PU15 P6_4 to P6_7 pull-up RW PU16 P7_0, P7_2, and P7_3 pull-up (4) RW PU17 P7_4 to P7_7 pull-up 0 : Not pulled high 1 : Pulled high (5) RW RW RW NOTES: 1. The values after hardware reset is as follows: 00000000b when input on CNVSS pin is "L". 00000010b when input on CNVSS pin is "H". (CNVSS pin = H is not available in T/V-ver..) The values after software reset, watchdog timer reset and oscillation stop detection reset are as follows: 00000000b when bits PM 01 to PM00 in the PM0 register are 00b (single-chip mode). 00000010b when bits PM 01 to PM00 are 01b (memory expansion mode) or 11b (microprocessor mode). * Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. 2. During memory expansion and microprocessor modes, the pins are not pulled high although their corresponding register contents can be modified. * Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. 3. If bits PM01 to PM00 are set to 01b (memory expansion mode) or 11b (microprocessor mode) in a program during single-chip mode, the PU11 bit becomes 1. * Not available memory expansion and microprocessor modes in T/V-ver.. 4. The P7_1 pin does not have pull-up. 5. The pin for which this bit is 1 (pulled high) and the direction bit is 0 (input mode) is pulled high. Pull-up Control Register 2 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol PUR2 Bit Symbol Address 03FEh After Reset 00h Bit Name Function P8_0 to P8_3 pull-up PU21 P8_4, P8_6, and P8_7 pull-up (1) PU22 P9_0, P9_2, and P9_3 pull-up (2) RW PU23 P9_4 to P9_7 pull-up RW PU24 P10_0 to P10_3 pull-up RW PU25 - P10_4 to P10_7 pull-up RW (b7-b6) 0 : Not pulled high 1 : Pulled high (3) Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is 0. NOTES: 1. The P8_5 pin does not have pull-up. 2. The P9_1 pin does not have pull-up. 3. The pin for which this bit is 1 (pulled high) and the direction bit is 0 (input mode) is pulled high. Figure 20.9 Registers PUR0, PUR1, and PUR2 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 256 of 378 RW PU20 RW RW - M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 20. Programmable I/O Ports Pull-up Control Register 3 (128-pin version) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol PUR3 Address 03DFh Bit Symbol After Reset 00h Bit Name Function RW PU30 P11_0 to P11_3 pull-up PU31 P11_4 to P11_7 pull-up PU32 P12_0 to P12_3 pull-up RW PU33 P12_4 to P12_7 pull-up RW PU34 P13_0 to P13_3 pull-up RW PU35 P13_4 to P13_7 pull-up RW PU36 P14_0, P14_1 pull-up PU37 0 : Not pulled high 1 : Pulled high (1) RW RW RW 0 : Unusable (2) 1 : Usable P11 to P14 enabling bit RW NOTES: 1. The pin for which this bit is 1 (pulled high) and the direction bit is 0 (input mode) is pulled high. 2. If the PU37 bit is set to 0 (unusable), registers P11 to P14 are set to 00h. Figure 20.10 PUR3 Register Port Control Register b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol PCR Bit Symbol PCR0 (b7-b1) Figure 20.11 PCR Register Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 257 of 378 Address 03FFh Bit Name Port P1 control bit After Reset 00h Function RW Operation performed when the P1 register is read 0 : When the port is set for input, the input levels of P1_0 to P1_7 pins are read. When set for output, the RW port latch is read. 1 : The port latch is read regardless of whether the port is set for input or output. Nothing is assigned. If necessary, set to 0. When read, the content is 0. - M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 20. Programmable I/O Ports Table 20.2 Unassigned Pin Handling in Single-chip Mode Pin Name Ports P0 to P7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9 to P14 (5) (4) XOUT _______ NMI(P8_5) AVCC AVSS, VREF, BYTE Connection After setting for input mode, connect every pin to VSS via a resistor (pull-down); or after setting for output mode, leave these pins open. (1) (2) (3) Open Connect via resistor to VCC (pull-up) Connect to VCC Connect to VSS NOTES: 1. When setting the port for output mode and leave it open, be aware that the port remains in input mode until it is switched to output mode in a program after reset. For this reason, the voltage level on the pin becomes undefined, causing the power supply current to increase while the port remains in input mode. Furthermore, by considering a possibility that the contents of the direction registers may change due to noise or program runaway caused by noise, it is recommended that the contents of the direction registers be periodically reset in software, for the increased reliability of the program. 2. Make sure the unused pins are processed with the shortest possible wiring from the MCU pins (2 cm or less). 3. When the ports P7_1 and P9_1 are set for output mode, make sure a low-level signal is output from the pins. The ports P7_1 and P9_1 are N-channel open-drain outputs. 4. With external clock input to XIN pin. 5. The ports P11 to P14 are only in the 128-pin version. When not using all of pins P11 to P14 may be left open by setting the PU37 bit in the PUR3 register to 0 (P11 to P14 unusable), without causing any problem. Table 20.3 Unassigned Pin Handling in Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (Normal-ver. only) Pin Name Connection Ports P6, P7, P8_0 to P8_4, (7) P8_6, _______ P8_7, P9 to P14 _______ P4_5/CS1 to P4_7/CS3 ________ __________ BHE, ALE, HLDA, XOUT (6) BCLK ___________ ________ _______ HOLD, RDY, NMI(P8_5) AVCC AVSS, VREF NOTES: (5) , After setting for input mode, connect every pin to VSS via a resistor (pull-down); or after setting for output mode, leave these pins open. (1) (2) (3) (4) Connect to VCC via a resistor (pulled high) by setting the corresponding _____ direction bit in the PD4 register for CSi (i = 1 to 3) to 0 (input mode) and _____ the CSi bit in the CSR register to 0 (chip select disabled). Open Connect via resistor to VCC (pull-up) Connect to VCC Connect to VSS 1. When setting the port for output mode and leave it open, be aware that the port remains in input mode until it is switched to output mode in a program after reset. For this reason, the voltage level on the pin becomes indeterminate, causing the power supply current to increase while the port remains in input mode. Furthermore, by considering a possibility that the contents of the direction registers may change due to noise or program runaway caused by noise, it is recommended that the contents of the direction registers be periodically reset in software, for the increased reliability of the program. 2. Make sure the unused pins are processed with the shortest possible wiring from the MCU pins (2 cm or less). 3. If the CNVSS pin has the VSS level applied to it, these pins are set for input ports until the processor mode is switched over in a program after reset. For this reason, the voltage levels on these pins become indeterminate, causing the power supply current to increase while they remain set for input ports. 4. When the ports P7_1 and P9_1 are set for output mode, make sure a low-level signal is output from the pins. The ports P7_1 and P9_1 are N-channel open-drain outputs. 5. With external clock input to XIN pin. 6. If the PM07 bit in the PM0 register is set to 1 (BCLK not output), connect this pin to VCC via a resistor (pulled high). 7. The ports P11 to P14 are only in the 128-pin version. When not using all of pins P11 to P14 may be left open by setting the PU37 bit in the PUR3 register to 0 (P11 to P14 unusable), without causing any problem. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 258 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 20. Programmable I/O Ports MCU MCU Port P0 to P14 (Input mode) (except for P8_5) (2) Port P6 to P14 (Input mode) (except for P8_5) (2) (Input mode) (Output mode) (Input mode) Open VCC VCC Port P4_5/CS1 to P4_7/CS3 NMI XOUT (Output mode) Open NMI BHE HLDA ALE XOUT VCC VCC Open BCLK (1) Open VCC AVCC HOLD BYTE RDY AVSS AVCC VREF AVSS VREF VSS VSS In single-chip mode In memory expansion mode or in microprocessor mode (3) NOTES: 1.If the PM07 bit in the PM0 register is set to 1 (BCLK not output), connect this pin to VCC via a resistor (pulled high). 2.The ports P11 to P14 are only in the 128-pin version. When not using all of pins P11 to p14 may be left open by setting the PU37 bit in the PUR3 register to 0 (P11 to P14 unusable), without causing any problem. 3. Not available in T/V-ver.. Figure 20.12 Unassigned Pins Handling Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 259 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version 21. Flash Memory Version Aside from the on-chip flash memory, the flash memory version MCU has the same functions as the masked ROM version. In the flash memory version, the flash memory can perform in four rewrite mode: CPU rewrite mode, standard serial I/O mode, parallel I/O mode, and CAN I/O mode. Table 21.1 lists the Flash Memory Version Specifications. See Tables 1.1 and 1.2 Functions and Specifications, for the items not listed in Table 21.1. Table 21.2 shows the Flash Memory Rewrite Modes Overview. Table 21.1 Flash Memory Version Specifications Item Specifications Flash memory rewrite mode Erase block User ROM area Boot ROM area 4 modes (CPU rewrite, standard serial I/O, parallel I/O, CAN I/O) See Figure 21.1 Flash Memory Block Diagram (1) Program method 1 block (4 Kbytes) In units of word, in units of byte Erase method Program and erase control method Collective erase, block erase Program and erase controlled by software command Protect method Number of commands Lock bit protects each block 8 commands Programming and erasure endurance (3) ROM code protection (2) 100 times Parallel I/O, standard serial I/O, and CAN I/O modes are supported. NOTES: 1. The boot ROM area contains standard serial I/O mode and CAN I/O mode rewrite control program which is stored in it when shipped from the factory. This area can only be rewritten in parallel I/O mode. 2. Can be programmed in byte units in only parallel I/O mode. 3. Definition of programming and erasure endurance The programming and erasure endurance is defined to be per-block erasure endurance. For example, assume a case where a 4K-byte block A is programmed in 2,048 operations by writing one word at a time and erased thereafter. In this case, the block is reckoned as having been programmed and erased once. If a product is 100 times of programming and erasure endurance, each block in it can be erased up to 100 times. Table 21.2 Flash Memory Rewrite Modes Overview Flash Memory (1) Rewrite Mode CPU Rewrite Mode The user ROM area is Function rewritten when the CPU executes software commands. EW0 mode: Rewrite in areas other than flash memory (2) EW1 mode: Can be rewritten in the flash memory Areas which User ROM area can be rewritten Operating Single-chip mode mode Memory expansion mode (EW0 mode) (4) Boot mode (EW0 mode) ROM programmer None Standard Serial I/O Mode Parallel I/O Mode CAN I/O Mode The user ROM area is rewritten using a dedicated serial programmer. Standard serial I/O mode 1: Clock synchronous serial I/O Standard serial I/O mode 2: (3) UART The boot ROM and user The user ROM area is ROM areas are rewritten rewritten busing a dedicated using a dedicated parallel CAN programmer. programmer. User ROM area User ROM area Boot mode User ROM area Boot ROM area Parallel I/O mode Serial programmer Parallel programmer CAN programmer Boot mode NOTES: 1. The PM13 bit remains set to 1 while the FMR01 bit in the FMR0 register = 1 (CPU rewrite mode enabled). The PM13 bit is reverted to its original value by setting the FMR01 bit to 0 (CPU rewrite mode disabled). However, if the PM13 bit is changed during CPU rewrite mode, its changed value is not reflected until after the FMR01 bit is set to 0. 2. When in CPU rewrite mode, bits PM10 and PM13 in the PM1 register are set to 1. The rewrite control program can only be executed in the internal RAM or in an external area that is enabled for use when the PM13 bit = 1. 3. When using standard serial I/O mode 2, make sure a main clock input oscillation frequency is set to 5 MHz, 10 MHz, or 16 MHz. 4. Not available in T/V-ver.. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 260 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version 21.1 Memory Map The flash memory contains the user ROM area and the boot ROM area. The user ROM area has space to store the MCU operating program in single-chip mode or memory expansion mode and a separate 4-Kbyte space as the block A. (Not available memory expansion mode in T/V-ver..) Figure 21.1 shows the Flash Memory Block Diagram. The user ROM area is divided into several blocks, each of which can be protected (locked) against programming or erasure. The user ROM area can be rewritten in CPU rewrite, standard serial I/O mode, parallel I/O mode, and CAN I/O mode. Block A is enabled for use by setting the PM10 bit in the PM1 register _______ to 1 (block A enabled. CS2 area at addresses 10000h to 26FFFh). The boot ROM area is located at the same addresses as the user ROM area. It can only be rewritten in parallel I/O mode (refer to 21.1.1 Boot Mode). A program in the boot ROM area is executed after a hardware reset occurs while an "H " signal is applied to pins CNVSS and P5_0 and an "L" signal is applied to the P5_5 pin (refer to 21.1.1 Boot Mode). A program in the user ROM area is executed after a hardware reset occurs while an "L" signal is applied to the CNVSS pin. However, the boot ROM area cannot be read. 00F000h 00FFFFh Block A: 4 Kbytes (1) 080000h Block 12: 64 Kbytes 08FFFFh 090000h Block 11: 64 Kbytes 09FFFFh 0A0000h Block 10: 64 Kbytes 0AFFFFh 0B0000h Block 9: 64 Kbytes 0BFFFFh 0C0000h Block 8: 64 Kbytes 0CFFFFh 0D0000h 0F0000h Block 7: 64 Kbytes Block 5: 32 Kbytes 0F7FFFh 0F8000h 0DFFFFh 0E0000h Block 4: 8 Kbytes Block 6: 64 Kbytes 0F9FFFh 0FA000h 0FBFFFh 0FC000h 0EFFFFh 0F0000h Block 5 to 0 (32+8+8+8+4+4) Kbytes 0FFFFFh Block 3: 8 Kbytes Block 2: 8 Kbytes 0FDFFFh 0FE000h 0FEFFFh 0FF000h 0FFFFFh Block 1: 4 Kbytes Block 0: 4 Kbytes User ROM area 0FF000h 0FFFFFh 4 Kbytes Boot ROM area (2) * Shown here is a block diagram during single-chip mode. NOTES: 1. Block A can be made usable by setting the PM10 bit in the PM1 register to 1 (block A enabled, addresses 10000h to 26FFFh for CS2 area). Block A cannot be erased by the erase all unlocked block command. Use the block erase command to erase it. 2. The boot ROM area can only be rewritten in parallel I/O mode. 3. To specify a block, use an even address in that block. Figure 21.1 Flash Memory Block Diagram Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 261 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version 21.1.1 Boot Mode The MCU enters boot mode when a hardware reset occurs while an "H " signal is applied to pins CNVSS and P5_0 and an "L " signal is applied to the P5_5 pin. A program in the boot ROM area is executed. In boot mode, the FMR05 bit in the FMR0 register selects access to the boot ROM area or the user ROM area. The rewrite control program for standard serial I/O mode is stored in the boot ROM area before shipment. The boot ROM area can be rewritten in parallel I/O mode only. If given rewrite control program using erase-write mode (EW0 mode) is written in the boot ROM area, the flash memory can be rewritten according to the system implemented. 21.2 Functions to Prevent Flash Memory from Rewriting The flash memory has the ROM code protect function for parallel I/O mode and the ID code check function for standard serial I/O mode and CAN I/O mode to prevent the flash memory from reading or rewriting. 21.2.1 ROM Code Protect Function The ROM code protect function inhibits the flash memory from being read or rewritten during parallel I/O mode. Figure 21.2 shows the ROMCP Register. The ROMCP register is located in the user ROM area. The ROM code protect function is enabled when the ROMCR bits are set to other than 11b. In this case, set the bit 5 to bit 0 to 111111b. When exiting ROM code protect, erase the block including the ROMCP register by CPU rewrite mode, standard serial I/O mode, or CAN I/O mode. 21.2.2 ID Code Check Function Use the ID code check function in standard serial I/O mode and CAN I/O mode. The ID code sent from the serial programmer is compared with the ID code written in the flash memory for a match. If the ID codes do not match, commands sent from the serial programmer are not accepted. However, if the four bytes of the reset vector are FFFFFFFFh, ID codes are not compared, allowing all commands to be accepted. The ID codes are 7-byte data stored consecutively, starting with the first byte, into addresses 0FFFDFh, 0FFFE3h, 0FFFEBh, 0FFFEFh, 0FFFF3h, 0FFFF7h, and 0FFFFBh. The flash memory must have a program with the ID codes set in these addresses. Figure 21.3 shows the Addresses for ID Code Stored. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 262 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version ROM Code Protect Control Address (5) b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol ROMCP 1 1 1 1 1 1 Bit Symbol (b5-b0) Address 0FFFFFh Value when Shipped FFh (1) Bit Name Reserved bits Function Set to 1 RW RW b7 b6 ROMCP1 ROM code protect level 1 set bit (1) (2) (3) (4) 00: RW ROM code protection 01: active 10: 1 1 : ROM code protection inactive RW NOTES: 1. The ROMCP address is set to FFh when a block, including the ROMCP address, is erased. 2. When the ROM code protection is active by the ROMCP1 bit setting, the flash memory is protected against reading or rewriting in parallel I/O mode. 3. Set bits 5 to 0 to 111111b when the ROMCP1 bit is set to a value other than 11b. If bits 5 to 0 are set to values other than 111111b, the ROM code protection may not become active by setting the ROMCP1 bit to a value other than 11b. 4. To make the ROM code protection inactive, erase a block including the ROMCP address in CPU rewrite mode, standard serial I/O mode, or CAN I/O mode. 5. When a value of the ROMCP address is 00h or FFh, the ROM code protect function is disabled. Figure 21.2 ROMCP Register Address 0FFFDFh to 0FFFDCh ID1 Undefined instruction vector 0FFFE3h to 0FFFE0h ID2 Overflow vector BRK instruction vector 0FFFE7h to 0FFFE4h 0FFFEBh to 0FFFE8h ID3 Address match vector 0FFFEFh to 0FFFECh ID4 Single step vector 0FFFF3h to 0FFFF0h ID5 Oscillation stop and re-oscillation detection/Watchdog timer vector 0FFFF7h to 0FFFF4h ID6 DBC vector 0FFFFBh to 0FFFF8h ID7 NMI vector 0FFFFFh to 0FFFFCh ROMCP Reset vector 4 bytes Figure 21.3 Address for ID Code Stored Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 263 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version 21.3 CPU Rewrite Mode In CPU rewrite mode, the user ROM area can be rewritten when the CPU executes software commands. The user ROM area can be rewritten with the MCU is mounted on a board without using a parallel, serial or CAN programmer. In CPU rewrite mode, only the user ROM area shown in Figure 21.1 can be rewritten. The boot ROM area cannot be rewritten. Program and the block erase command are executed only in the user ROM area. Erase-write 0 (EW0) mode and erase-write 1 (EW1) mode are provided as CPU rewrite mode. Table 21.3 lists the differences between EW0 and EW1 Modes. Table 21.3 EW0 Mode and EW1 Mode Item EW0 Mode Operating mode * Single-chip mode * Memory expansion mode (3) * Boot mode Space where rewrite * User ROM area control program can be * Boot ROM area placed Space where rewrite The rewrite control program must be control program can be transferred to any space other than the executed flash memory (e.g., RAM) before being executed (2) Space which can be User ROM area rewritten Software command restriction None Modes after program or erasing CPU status during auto-programming and auto-erasure Flash memory status detection Read status register mode EW1 Mode Single-chip mode User ROM area The rewrite control program can be executed in the user ROM area User ROM area However, this excludes blocks with the rewrite control program * Program and block erase commands cannot be executed in a block having the rewrite control program. * Erase all unlocked block command cannot be executed when the lock bit in a block having the rewrite control program is set to 1 (unlocked) or when the FMR02 bit in the FMR0 register is set to 1 (lock bit disabled). * Read status register command cannot be used. Read array mode Operating Maintains hold state (I/O ports maintains the state before the command was executed) (1) *Read bits FMR00, FMR06, and FMR07 Read bits FMR00, FMR06, and FMR07 in the FMR0 register by program in the FMR0 register by program *Execute the read status register command to read bits SR7, SR5, and SR4 in the status register NOTES: _______ 1. Do not generate an interrupts (except NMI interrupt) and DMA transfer. 2. When in CPU rewrite mode, bits PM10 and PM13 in the PM1 register are set to 1. The rewrite control program can only be executed in the internal RAM or in an external area that is enabled for use when the PM13 bit = 1. 3. Not available in T/V-ver.. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 264 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version 21.3.1 EW0 Mode The MCU enters CPU rewrite mode by setting the FMR01 bit in the FMR0 register to 1 (CPU rewrite mode enabled) and is ready to accept commands. EW0 mode is selected by setting the FMR11 bit in the FMR1 register to 0. To set the FMR01 bit to 1, set to 1 after first writing 0. The software commands control programming and erasing. The FMR0 register or the status register indicates whether a program or erase operation is completed as expected or not. 21.3.2 EW1 Mode EW1 mode is selected by setting FMR11 bit to 1 (by writing 0 and then 1 in succession) after setting the FMR01 bit to 1 (by writing 0 and then 1 in succession). (Both bits must be set to 0 first before setting to 1.) The FMR0 register indicates whether or not a program or erase operation has been completed as expected. The status register cannot be read in EW1 mode. When an erase/program operation is initiated the CPU halts all program execution until the operation is completed or erase-suspend is requested. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 265 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version 21.3.3 Registers FMR0 and FMR1 Figure 21.4 shows Registers FMR0 and FMR1. Flash Memory Control Register 0 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 0 Symbol Address After Reset FMR0 01B7h 00000001b Bit Symbol Bit Name Function RW FMR00 RY/BY status flag 0 : Busy (being written or erased) (1) 1 : Ready RO FMR01 CPU rewrite mode select bit (2) 0 : CPU rewrite mode disabled 1 : CPU rewrite mode enabled RW FMR02 Lock bit disable select bit (3) 0: Lock bit enabled 1: Lock bit disabled RW FMSTP Flash memory stop bit (4) (5) 0 Flash memory operation enabled 1: Flash memory operation stops (placed in low power dissipation mode, flash memory initialized) RW Reserved bit Set to 0 RW - (b4) FMR05 User ROM area select 0 : Boot ROM area is accessed bit (4) 1 : User ROM area is accessed (Effective in only boot mode) FMR06 Program status flag (6) 0 : Terminated normally 1 : Terminated in error RO FMR07 Erase status flag (6) 0 : Terminated normally 1 : Terminated in error RO RW NOTES: 1.This status includes writing or reading with the lock bit program or read lock bit status command. 2. To set this bit to 1, write 0 and then 1 in succession. Make sure no interrupts or no DMA transfers will occur before writing 1 after writing 0. Write to this bit when the NMI pin is in the high state. Also, while in EW0 mode, write to this bit from a program in other than the flash memory. Enter read array mode and set this bit to 0. 3. To set this bit to 1, write 0 and then 1 in succession when the FMR01 bit = 1. Make sure no interrupts or no DMA transfers will occur before writing 1 after writing 0. 4. Write to this bit from a program in other than the flash memory. 5. Effective when the FMR01 bit = 1 (CPU rewrite mode). If the FMR01 bit = 0, although the FMSTP bit can be set to 1 by writing 1 in a program, the flash memory is neither placed in low power dissipation state nor initialized. 6. This bit is set to 0 by executing the clear status command. Flash Memory Control Register 1 b7 0 b6 b5 b4 0 0 b3 b2 b1 b0 Symbol Address After Reset FMR1 01B5h 0X00XX0Xb Bit Name Bit Symbol - (b0) FMR11 - (b3-b2) - (b5-b4) FMR16 - (b7) Function RW Reserved bit When read, the content is undefined. RO EW1 mode select bit (1) 0 : EW0 mode 1 : EW1 mode RW Reserved bits When read, the content is undefined. RO Reserved bits Set to 0 RW Lock bit status flag 0 : Lock 1 : Unlock RO Reserved bit Set to 0 RW NOTE: 1. To set this bit to 1, write 0 and then 1 in succession when the FMR01 bit in the FMR0 register = 1. Make sure no interrupts or no DMA transfers will occur before writing 1 after writing 0. Write to this bit when the NMI pin is in the high state. Both the FMR01 and FMR11 bits are set to 0 by setting the FMR01 bit to 0. Figure 21.4 Registers FMR0 and FMR1 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 266 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version 21.3.3.1 FMR00 Bit This bit indicates the operating status of the flash memory. It is set to 0 while the program, block erase, erase all unlocked block, lock bit program, or read lock bit status command is being executed; otherwise, it is set to 1. 21.3.3.2 FMR01 Bit The MCU can accept commands when the FMR01 bit is set to 1 (CPU rewrite mode). Set the FMR05 bit to 1 (user ROM area access) as well if in boot mode. 21.3.3.3 FMR02 Bit The lock bit is disabled by setting the FMR02 bit to 1 (lock bit disabled). (Refer to 21.3.6 Data Protect Function.) The lock bit is enabled by setting the FMR02 bit to 0 (lock bit enabled). The FMR02 bit does not change the lock bit status but disables the lock bit function. If the block erase or erase all unlocked block command is executed when the FMR02 bit is set to 1, the lock bit status changes 0 (locked) to 1 (unlocked) after command execution is completed. 21.3.3.4 FMSTP Bit The FMSTP bit resets the flash memory control circuits and minimizes power consumption in the flash memory. Access to the flash memory is disabled when the FMSTP bit is set to 1 (flash memory operation stops). Set the FMSTP bit by program in a space other than the flash memory. Set the FMSTP bit to 1 if one of the followings occurs: * A flash memory access error occurs while erasing or programming in EW0 mode (FMR00 bit does not switch back to 1 (ready)) * Low power dissipation mode or on-chip oscillator low power dissipation mode is entered Use the following the procedure to change the FMSTP bit setting. (1) Set the FMSTP bit to 1 (2) Set tps (the wait time to stabilize flash memory circuit) (3) Set the FMSTP bit to 0 (4) Set tps (the wait time to stabilize flash memory circuit) Figure 21.7 shows the Processing Before and After Low Power Dissipation Mode or On-chip Oscillator Low Power Dissipation Mode. Follow the procedure on this flow chart. When entering stop or wait mode, the flash memory is automatically turned off. When exiting stop or wait mode, the flash memory is turned back on. The FMR0 register does not need to be set. 21.3.3.5 FMR05 Bit This bit selects the boot ROM or user ROM area in boot mode. Set to 0 to access (read) the boot ROM area or to 1 (user ROM access) to access (read, write or erase) the user ROM area. 21.3.3.6 FMR06 Bit This is a read-only bit indicating the status of an auto-program operation. The FMR06 bit is set to 1 when a program error occurs; otherwise, it is set to 0. Refer to 21.3.8 Full Status Check. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 267 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version 21.3.3.7 FMR07 Bit This is a read-only bit indicating the status of an auto-erase operation. The FMR07 bit is set to 1 when an erase error occurs; otherwise, it is set to 0. For details, refer to 21.3.8 Full Status Check. 21.3.3.8 FMR11 Bit EW0 mode is entered by setting the FMR11 bit to 0 (EW0 mode). EW1 mode is entered by setting the FMR11 bit to 1 (EW1 mode). 21.3.3.9 FMR16 Bit This is a read-only bit indicating the execution result of the read lock bit status command. When the block, where the read lock bit status command is executed, is locked, the FMR16 bit is set to 0. When the block, where the read lock bit status command is executed, is unlocked, the FMR16 bit is set to 1. Figure 21.5 shows the Setting and Resetting of EW0 Mode. Figure 21.6 show the Setting and Resetting of EW1 Mode. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 268 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version Procedure to enter EW0 mode Rewrite control program Single-chip mode, memory expansion mode (6) or boot mode In boot mode only set the FMR05 bit to 1 (user ROM area access) Transfer the rewrite control program in CPU rewrite mode to a space other than the flash memory (5) Set the FMR01 bit to 1 (CPU rewrite mode enabled) after writing 0 (2) Set registers CM0, CM1, and PM1 (1) Execute the software commands Jump to the rewrite control program transferred to a space other than the flash memory. (In the following steps, use the rewrite control program in a space other than the flash memory.) Execute the read array command (3) Set the FMR01 bit to 0 (CPU rewrite mode disabled) In boot mode only Set the FMR05 bit to 0 (Boot ROM area accessed) (4) Jump to a given address in the flash memory NOTES: 1.In CPU rewrite mode, set the CM06 bit in the CM0 register and bits CM17 to CM16 in the CM1 register to CPU clock frequency of 10 MHz or less. Set the PM17 bit in the PM1 register to 1 (with wait state). 2.Set the FMR01 bit to 1 immediately after setting it to 0. Do not generate an interrupts or DMA transfer between setting the bit to 0 and setting it to 1. Set the bit to 0 if setting to 0. Set this bit in a space other than the flash memory while the NMI pin is held "H". 3.Exit CPU rewrite mode after executing the read array command. 4.When CPU rewrite mode is exited while the FMR05 bit is set to 1, the user ROM area can be accessed. 5.When in CPU rewrite mode, bits PM10 and PM13 in the PM1 register are set to 1. The rewrite control program can only be executed in the internal RAM or in an external area that is enabled for use when the PM13 bit = 1. 6.Not available the memory expansion mode in T/V-ver.. Figure 21.5 Setting and Resetting of EW0 Mode Procedure to enter EW1 mode Program in the ROM Single-chip mode (1) Set registers CM0, CM1, and PM1 (2) Set the FMR01 bit to 1 (CPU rewrite mode enabled) after writing 0 Set the FMR11 bit to 1 (EW1 mode) after writing 0 (EW1 mode) (3) Execute the software commands Set the FMR01 bit to 0 (CPU rewrite mode disabled) NOTES: 1.In EW1 mode, do not enter the memory expansion mode or boot mode. * Not availabie memory expansion mode in T/V-ver.. 2.In CPU rewrite mode, set the CM06 bit in the CM0 register and bits CM17 to CM16 in the CM1 register to CPU clock frequency of 10 MHz or less. Set the PM17 bit in the PM1 register to 1 (with wait state). 3.Set the FMR01 bit to 1 immediately after setting it to 0. Do not generate an interrupt or a DMA transfer between setting the bit to 0 and setting it to 1. Set the FMR11 bit to 1 immediately after setting it to 0 while the FMR01 bit is set to 1. Do not generate an interrupt or a DMA transfer between setting the FMR11 bit to 0 and setting it to 1. Set bits FMR01 and FMR11 while "H" is applied to the NMI pin. Figure 21.6 Setting and Resetting of EW1 Mode Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 269 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version Low power dissipation mode or on-chip oscillator low power dissipation mode program Transfer a low power dissipation mode or on-chip oscillator low power dissipation mode program to a space other the flash memory Jump to the low power dissipation mode or on-chip oscillator low power dissipation mode program transferred to a space other than the flash memory (In the following steps, use the low power dissipation mode in a space other than the flash memory.) Set the FMR01 bit to 1 after setting it to 0 (CPU rewrite mode enabled) Set the FMSTP bit to 1 (the flash memory stops operating. It is in a low power dissipation state) (1) Switch the clock source of the CPU clock. The main clock stops. (2) Process in low power dissipation mode or on-chip oscillator low power dissipation mode (4) Start Wait Switch main clock > until oscillation > clock source of oscillation stabilizes the CPU clock (2) Set the FMSTP bit to 0 (flash memory operation) Set the FMR01 bit to 0 (CPU rewrite mode disabled) Wait until the flash memory circuit stabilizes (tps s) (3) Jump to a given address in the flash memory NOTES: 1.Set the FMSTP bit in the FMR0 register to 1 after setting the FMR01 bit in the FMR0 register to 1 (CPU rewrite mode enabled). 2.Wait until clock stabilizes to switch clock source of the CPU clock to the main clock or sub clock. 3.Add tps s wait time by program. Do not access the flash memory during this wait time. 4.Before entering wait mode or stop mode, be sure to set the FMR01 bit to 0 (CPU rewrite mode disabled). Figure 21.7 Processing Before and After Low Power Dissipation Mode or On-chip Oscillator Low Power Dissipation Mode Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 270 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version 21.3.4 Notes on CPU Rewrite Mode 21.3.4.1 Operating Speed Before entering CPU rewrite mode (EW0 or EW1 mode), set the CM11 bit in the CM1 register to 0 (main clock), select 10 MHz or less for CPU clock using the CM06 bit in the CM0 register and bits CM17 to CM16 in the CM1 register. Also, set the PM17 bit in the PM1 register to 1 (with wait state). 21.3.4.2 Prohibited Instructions The following instructions cannot be used in EW0 mode because the CPU tries to read data in flash memory: the UND instruction, INTO instruction, JMPS instruction, JSRS instruction, and BRK instruction 21.3.4.3 Interrupts (EW0 Mode) * To use interrupts having vectors in a relocatable vector table, the vectors must be relocated to the RAM area. _______ * The NMI and watchdog timer interrupts are available since registers FMR0 and FMR1 are forcibly reset when either interrupt request is generated. Allocate the jump addresses for each interrupt service _______ routines to the fixed vector table. Flash memory rewrite operation is suspended when the NMI or watchdog timer interrupt request is generated. Execute the rewrite program again after exiting the interrupt routine. * The address match interrupt is not available since the CPU tries to read data in the flash memory. 21.3.4.4 Interrupts (EW1 Mode) * Do not acknowledge any interrupts with vectors in the relocatable vector table or address match interrupt during auto-programming or auto-erasure. * Do not use the watchdog timer interrupt. _______ * The NMI interrupt is available since registers FMR0 and FMR1 are forcibly reset when the interrupt request is generated. Allocate the jump address for the interrupt service routine to the fixed vector table. _______ Flash memory rewrite operation is suspended when the NMI interrupt request is generated. Execute the rewrite program again after exiting the interrupt service routine. 21.3.4.5 How to Access To set the FMR01, FMR02 or FMR11 bit to 1, write 1 after first setting the bit to 0. Do not generate an interrupt or a DMA transfer between the instruction to set the bit to 0 and the instruction to set the bit to _______ 1. Set the bit while an "H" signal is applied to the NMI pin. 21.3.4.6 Rewriting in User ROM Area (EW0 Mode) If the supply voltage drops while rewriting the block where the rewrite control program is stored, the flash memory cannot be rewritten because the rewrite control program is not correctly rewritten. If this error occurs, rewrite the user ROM area while in standard serial I/O mode, parallel I/O mode, or CAN I/O mode. 21.3.4.7 Rewriting in User ROM Area (EW1 Mode) Avoid rewriting any block in which the rewrite control program is stored. 21.3.4.8 DMA Transfer In EW1 mode, do not perform a DMA transfer while the FMR00 bit in the FMR0 register is set to 0 (autoprogramming or auto-erasure). Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 271 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version 21.3.4.9 Writing Command and Data Write commands and data to even addresses in the user ROM area. 21.3.4.10 Wait Mode When entering wait mode, set the FMR01 bit in the FMR0 register to 0 (CPU rewrite mode disabled) before executing the WAIT instruction. 21.3.4.11 Stop Mode When entering stop mode, execute the instruction which sets the CM10 bit to 1 (stop mode) after setting the FMR01 bit to 0 (CPU rewrite mode disabled) and disabling the DMA transfer. 21.3.4.12 Low Power Dissipation Mode and On-chip Oscillator Low Power Dissipation Mode If the CM05 bit is set to 1 (main clock stopped), do not execute the following commands: * Program * Block erase * Erase all unlocked blocks * Lock bit program * Read lock bit status Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 272 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version 21.3.5 Software Commands Software commands are described below. The command code and data must be read and written in 16-bit unit, to and from even addresses in the user ROM area. When writing command code, the high-order 8 bits (D15 to D8) are ignored. Table 21.4 lists the Software Commands. Table 21.4 Software Commands First Bus Cycle Software Command Read array Mode Data Address (D15 to D0) xxFFh xx70h xx50h xx40h WA xx20h xxA7h xx77h BA xx71h Second Bus Cycle Data Mode Address (D15 to D0) Write Read SRD Read status register Write Clear status register Write Write WD Write Program WA Write xxD0h Write Block erase BA (1) Write xxD0h Write Erase all unlocked block Write xxD0h Write Lock bit program BA Write xxD0h Write Read lock bit status BA SRD:data in the SRD register (D7 to D0) WA: Address to be written (The address specified in the first bus cycle is the same even address as the address specified in the second bus cycle.) WD: 16-bit write data BA: Highest-order block address (must be an even address) : Given even address in the user ROM area xx: High-order 8 bits of command code (ignored) NOTE: 1. Blocks 0 to 12 can be erased by the erase all unlocked block command. Block A cannot be erased. The block erase command must be used to erase the block A. 21.3.5.1 Read Array Command (FFh) The read array command reads the flash memory. By writing command code xxFFh in the first bus cycle, read array mode is entered. Content of a specified address can be read in 16-bit unit after the next bus cycle. The MCU remains in read array mode until another command is written. Therefore, contents from multiple addresses can be read consecutively. 21.3.5.2 Read Status Register Command (70h) The read status register command reads the status register (refer to 21.3.7 Status Register (SRD Register) for detail). By writing command code xx70h in the first bus cycle, the status register can be read in the second bus cycle. Read an even address in the user ROM area. Do not execute this command in EW1 mode. 21.3.5.3 Clear Status Register Command (50h) The clear status register command clears the status register. By writing xx50h in the first bus cycle, bits FMR07 to FMR06 in the FMR0 register are set to 00b and bits SR5 to SR4 in the status register are set to 00b. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 273 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version 21.3.5.4 Program Command (40h) The program command writes 2-byte data to the flash memory. By writing xx40h in the first bus cycle and data to the write address in the second bus cycle, an auto-program operation (data program and verify) will start. The address value specified in the first bus cycle must be the same even address as the write address specified in the second bus cycle. The FMR00 bit in the FMR0 register indicates whether an auto-program operation has been completed. The FMR00 bit is set to 0 (busy) during auto-programming and to 1 (ready) when an auto-program operation is completed. After the completion of an auto-program operation, the FMR06 bit in the FMR0 register indicates whether or not the auto-program operation has been completed as expected. (Refer to 21.3.8 Full Status Check.) An address that is already written cannot be altered or rewritten. Figure 21.8 shows a flow chart of the Program Command. The lock bit protects each block from being programmed inadvertently. (Refer to 21.3.6 Data Protect Function.) In EW1 mode, do not execute this command on the block where the rewrite control program is allocated. In EW0 mode, the MCU enters read status register mode as soon as an auto-program operation starts. The status register can be read. The SR7 bit in the status register is set to 0 at the same time an auto-program operation starts. It is set to 1 when auto-program operation is completed. The MCU remains in read status register mode until the read array command is written. After completion of an auto-program operation, the status register indicates whether or not the auto-program operation has been completed as expected. Start Write the command code xx40h to an address to be the written Write data to an address to be written FMR00=1? NO YES Full status check Program operation is completed NOTE: 1.Write the command code and data to even addresses. Figure 21.8 Program Command Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 274 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version 21.3.5.5 Block Erase Command The block erase command erases each block. By writing xx20h in the first bus cycle and xxD0h to the highest-order even address of a block in the second bus cycle, an auto-erase operation (erase and verify) will start in the specified block. The FMR00 bit in the FMR0 register indicates whether an auto-erase operation has been completed. The FMR00 bit is set to 0 (busy) during auto-erasure and to 1 (ready) when the auto-erase operation is completed. After the completion of an auto-erase operation, the FMR07 bit in the FMR0 register indicates whether or not the auto-erase operation has been completed as expected. (Refer to 21.3.8 Full Status Check.) Figure 21.9 shows a flow chart of the Block Erase Command. The lock bit protects each block from being programmed inadvertently. (Refer to 21.3.6 Data Protect Function.) In EW1 mode, do not execute this command on the block where the rewrite control program is allocated. In EW0 mode, the MCU enters read status register mode as soon as an auto-erase operation starts. The status register can be read. The SR7 bit in the status register is set to 0 at the same time an auto-erase operation starts. It is set to 1 when an auto-erase operation is completed. The MCU remains in read status register mode until the read array command or read lock bit status command is written. Also execute the clear status register command and block erase command at least 3 times until an erase error is not generated when an erase error is generated. Start Write the command code xx20h Write xxD0h to the highest-order block address FMR00=1? NO YES Full status check (2) (3) Block erase operation is completed NOTES: 1.Write the command code and data to even addresses. 2.Refer to Figure 21.12 Full Status Check and Handling Procedure for Each Error. 3.Execute the clear status register command and block erase command at least 3 times until an erase error is not generated when an erase error is generated. Figure 21.9 Block Erase Command Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 275 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version 21.3.5.6 Erase All Unlocked Block The erase all unlocked block command erases all blocks except the block A. By writing xxA7h in the first bus cycle and xxD0h in the second bus cycle, an auto-erase (erase and verify) operation will run continuously in all blocks except the block A. The FMR00 bit in the FMR0 register indicates whether an auto-erase operation has been completed. After the completion of an auto-erase operation, the FMR07 bit in the FMR0 register indicates whether or not the auto-erase operation has been completed as expected. The lock bit can protect each block from being programmed inadvertently. (Refer to 21.3.6 Data Protect Function.) In EW1 mode, do not execute this command when the lock bit for any block storing the rewrite control program is set to 1 (unlocked) or when the FMR02 bit in the FMR0 register is set to 1 (lock bit disabled). In EW0 mode, the MCU enters read status register mode as soon as an auto-erase operation starts. The status register can be read. The SR7 bit in the status register is set to 0 (busy) at the same time an auto-erase operation starts. It is set to 1 (ready) when an auto-erase operation is completed. The MCU remains in read status register mode until the read array command or read lock bit status command is written. Only blocks 0 to 12 can be erased by the erase all unlocked block command. The block A cannot be erased. Use the block erase command to erase the block A. 21.3.5.7 Lock Bit Program Command The lock bit program command sets the lock bit for a specified block to 0 (locked). By writing xx77h in the first bus cycle and xxD0h to the highest-order even address of a block in the second bus cycle, the lock bit for the specified block is set to 0. The address value specified in the first bus cycle must be the same highest-order even address of a block specified in the second bus cycle. Figure 21.10 shows a flow chart of the Lock Bit Program Command. Execute read lock bit status command to read lock bit state (lock bit data). The FMR00 bit in the FMR0 register indicates whether a lock bit program operation is completed. Refer to 21.3.6 Data Protect Function for details on lock bit functions and how to set it to 1 (unlocked). Start Write command code xx77h to the highest-order block address Write xxD0h to the highest-order block address FMR00=1? NO YES Full status check Lock bit program operation is completed NOTE: 1.Write the command code and data to even addresses. Figure 21.10 Lock Bit Program Command Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 276 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version 21.3.5.8 Read Lock Bit Status Command (71h) The read lock bit status command reads the lock bit state of a specified block. By writing xx71h in the first bus cycle and xxD0h to the highest-order even address of a block in the second bus cycle, the FMR16 bit in the FMR1 register stores information on whether or not the lock bit of a specified block is locked. Read the FMR16 bit after the FMR00 bit in the FMR0 register is set to 1 (ready). Figure 21.11 shows a flow chart of the Read Lock Bit Status Command. Start Write the command code xx71h Write xxD0h to the highest-order block address FMR00=1? NO YES FMR16=0? NO YES Block is locked Block is not locked NOTE: 1.Write the command code and data to even addresses. Figure 21.11 Read Lock Bit Status Command Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 277 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version 21.3.6 Data Protect Function Each block in the flash memory has a nonvolatile lock bit. The lock bit is enabled by setting the FMR02 bit in the FMR0 register to 0 (lock bit enabled). The lock bit allows each block to be individually protected (locked) against program and erase. This helps prevent data from being inadvertently written to or erased from the flash memory. * When the lock bit status is set to 0, the block is locked (block is protected against program and erase). * When the lock bit status is set to 1, the block is not locked (block can be programmed or erased). The lock bit status is set to 0 (locked) by executing the lock bit program command and to 1 (unlocked) by erasing the block. The lock bit status cannot be set to 1 by any commands. The lock bit status can be read by the read lock bit status command. The lock bit function is disabled by setting the FMR02 bit to 1 (lock bit disabled). All blocks are unlocked. However, individual lock bit status remains unchanged. The lock bit function is enabled by setting the FMR02 bit to 0. Lock bit status is retained. If the block erase or erase all unlocked block command is executed while the FMR02 bit is set to 1, the target block or all blocks are erased regardless of lock bit status. The lock bit status of each block are set to 1 after an erase operation is completed. Refer to 21.3.5 Software Commands for details on each command. 21.3.7 Status Register (SRD Register) The status register indicates the operating status of the flash memory and whether or not an erase or program operation is completed as expected. Bits FMR00, FMR06, and FMR07 in the FMR0 register indicate status register states. Table 21.5 shows the Status Register. In EW0 mode, the status register can be read when the followings occur. * Given even address in the user ROM area is read after writing the read status register command. * Given even address in the user ROM area is read from when the program, block erase, erase all unlocked block, or lock bit program command is executed until when the read array command is executed. 21.3.7.1 Sequencer Status (Bits SR7 and FMR00) The sequencer status indicates the operating status of the flash memory. It is set to 0 while the program, block erase, erase all unlocked block, lock bit program, or read lock bit status command is being executed; otherwise, it is set to 1. 21.3.7.2 Erase Status (Bits SR5 and FMR07) Refer to 21.3.8 Full Status Check. 21.3.7.3 Program Status (Bits SR4 and FMR06) Refer to 21.3.8 Full Status Check. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 278 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version Table 21.5 Status Register Bits in Status Bits in FMR0 Register Register Status Name SR0 (D0) - Reserved SR1 (D1) - Reserved SR2 (D2) - SR3 (D3) - Reserved Reserved SR4 (D4) SR5 (D5) FMR06 FMR07 Program status SR6 (D6) - Reserved Erase status Contents Value after Reset 0 1 Terminated normally Terminated in error 0 Terminated normally Terminated in error 0 Busy Ready 1 SR7 (D7) FMR00 Sequencer status D0 to D7: These data bus are read when the read status register command is executed. NOTE: 1. Bits FMR06 (SR4) and FMR07 (SR5) are set to 0 by executing the clear status register command. When the FMR06 bit (SR4) or FMR07 bit (SR5) is set to 1, the program, block erase, erase all unlocked block and lock bit program commands are not accepted. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 279 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version 21.3.8 Full Status Check If an error occurs when a program or erase operation is completed, the FMR06, FMR07 bits in the FMR0 register are set to 1, indicating a specific error. Therefore, execution results can be confirmed by checking these bits (full status check). Table 21.6 lists the Errors and FMR0 Register Status. Figure 21.12 shows a flow chart of the Full Status Check and Handling Procedure for Each Error. Table 21.6 Errors and FMR0 Register Status FRM00 Register (Status Register) Status Error FMR07 Bit FMR06 Bit (SR5) (SR4) 1 1 Command Sequence error 1 0 Error Occurrence Conditions * Command is written incorrectly * A value other than xxD0h or xxFFh is written in the second bus cycle of the lock bit program, block erase or erase all unlocked (1) block command (2) * The block erase command is executed on a locked block 0 Erase error 1 * The block erase or erase all unlocked block command is executed on an unlock block and auto-erase operation is not completed as expected (2) Program error * The program command is executed on locked blocks * The program command is executed on unlocked blocks and auto-program operation is not completed as expected * The lock bit program command is executed but program operation is not completed as expected NOTES: 1. The flash memory enters read array mode by writing command code xxFFh in the second bus cycle of these commands. The command code written in the first bus cycle becomes invalid. 2. When the FMR02 bit in the FMR0 register is set to 1 (lock bit disabled), no error occurs even under the conditions above. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 280 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version Full status check FMR06 =1 and FMR07=1? YES Command sequence error (1) Execute the clear status register command and set bits SR4 and SR5 to 0 (completed as expected). (2) Rewrite command and execute again. Erase error (1) Execute the clear status register command and set the SR5 bit to 0. (2) Execute the lock bit read status command. Set the FMR02 bit in the FMR0 register to 1 (lock bit disabled) if the lock bit in the block where the error occurred is set to 0 (locked). (3) Execute the block erase or erase all unlocked block command again. (4) Execute (1), (2), and (3) at least 3 times until an erase error is not generated. NO FMR07=0? NO YES NOTE: If similar error occurs, that block cannot be used. If the lock bit is set to 1 (unlocked) in (2) above, that block cannot be used. NO FMR06=0? Program error YES [When a program operation is executed] (1) Execute the clear status register command and set the SR4 bit to 0 (completed as expected). (2) Execute the read lock bit status command and set the FMR02 bit to 1 if the lock bit in the block where the error occurred is set to 0. (3) Execute the program command again. NOTE: When a similar error occurs, that block cannot be used. If the lock bit is set to 1 in (2) above, that block cannot be used. [When a lock bit program operation is executed] (1) Execute the clear status register command and set the SR4 bit to 0. (2) Set the FMR02 bit to 1. (3) Execute the block erase command to erase the block where the error occurred. (4) Execute the lock bit program command again. NOTE: If similar error occurs, that block cannot be used. Full status check completed FMR06, FMR07: Bits in FMR0 register NOTE: 1. When either FMR06 or FMR07 bit is set to 1 (terminated by error), the program, block erase, erase all unlocked block, lock bit program and read lock bit status commands cannot be accepted. Execute the clear status register command before each command. Figure 21.12 Full Status Check and Handling Procedure for Each Error Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 281 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version 21.4 Standard Serial I/O Mode In standard serial I/O mode, the serial programmer supporting the M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) can be used to rewrite the flash memory user ROM area in the MCU mounted on a board. For more information about the serial programmer, contact your serial programmer manufacturer. Refer to the user's manual included with your serial programmer for instructions. Table 21.7 lists the Pin Functions in Standard Serial I/O Mode. Figures 21.13 and 21.14 show the Pin Connections in Standard Serial I/O Mode. 21.4.1 ID Code Check Function The ID code check function determines whether the ID codes sent from the serial programmer matches those written in the flash memory. (Refer to 21.2 Functions to Prevent Flash Memory from Rewriting.) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 282 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version Table 21.7 Pin Functions in Standard Serial I/O Mode Pin Name VCC1, VCC2, VSS Description I/O Apply the Flash Program, Erase Voltage to VCC1 pin and VCC2 to VCC2 pin. The VCC apply condition is that VCC2 = VCC1. Power supply input Apply 0 V to VSS pin. CNVSS I Connect to VCC1 pin. RESET Reset input I Reset input pin. While RESET pin is "L" level, input 20 cycles or XIN Clock input I Connect a ceramic resonator or crystal oscillator between XIN and XOUT Clock output O XOUT pins. To input an externally generated clock, input it to XIN pin and open XOUT pin. BYTE BYTE I Connect this pin to VCC1 or VSS. AVCC, AVSS Analog power CNVSS ____________ _____________ longer clock to XIN pin. Connect AVCC to VCC1 and AVSS to VSS, respectively. supply input Reference VREF I Enter the reference voltage for A/D and D/A converters from this pin. voltage input P0_0 to P0_7 Input port P0 I Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. P1_0 to P1_7 Input port P1 I Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. P2_0 to P2_7 Input port P2 I Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. P3_0 to P3_7 Input port P3 I Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. P4_0 to P4_7 Input port P4 I Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. P5_0 CE input I Input "H" level signal. P5_1 to P5_4, Input port P5 I Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. I Input "L" level signal. Input port P6 I Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. BUSY output O Standard serial I/O mode 1: BUSY signal output pin _____ P5_6, P5_7 ________ EPM input P5_5 P6_0 to P6_3 _________ P6_4/RTS1 Standard serial I/O mode 2: Monitors the boot program operation check signal output pin. Standard serial I/O mode 1: Serial clock input pin. P6_5/CLK1 SCLK input I P6_6/RXD1 RXD input I Serial data input pin P6_7/TXD1 TXD output O Serial data output pin P7_0 to P7_7 Input port P7 I Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. P8_0 to P8_3, Input port P8 I Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. P8_4 input I Input "L" level signal. I Connect this pin to VCC1. I Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. I Input "H" or "L" level signal or connect to a CAN transceiver. Standard serial I/O mode 2: Input "L". (1) P8_6, P8_7 P8_4 (2) ________ _______ NMI input P8_5/NMI P9_0 to P9_4, P9_7 Input port P9 CRX input P9_5/CRX0 P9_6/CTX0 CTX output O Input "H" level signal, open or connect to a CAN transceiver. P10_0 to P10_7 Input port P10 I Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. P11_0 to P11_7 (3) Input port P11 I Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. P12_0 to P12_7 (3) Input port P12 I Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. P13_0 to P13_7 (3) Input port P13 I Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. Input port P14 I Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. P14_0, P14_1 (3) NOTES: ____________ 1. When using standard serial I/O mode, It is necessary to input "H" to the TXD1(P6_7) pin while the RESET pin is ____________ "L". Therefore, the internal pull-up is enabled for the TXD1(P6_7) pin while the RESET pin is "L". 2. When using standard serial I/O mode, pins P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7 may become undefined while the P8_4 ____________ pin is "H" and the RESET pin is "L". If this causes a problem, apply "L" to the P8_4 pin. 3. The pins P11 to P14 are only in the 128-pin version. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 283 of 378 21. Flash Memory Version 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 VCC2 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK) (Flash memory version) 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 CE EPM BUSY SCLK RXD TXD 28 27 26 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 VSS VCC1 CNVSS RESET Connect oscillation circuit Mode setup method Signal Value CNVSS VCC1 EPM VSS RESET VSS to VCC1 CE VCC2 Package: PLQP0100KB-A (100P6Q-A) Figure 21.13 Pin Connections in Standard Serial I/O Mode (1) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 284 of 378 21. Flash Memory Version 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 VCC2 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 103 64 104 63 62 105 61 60 59 58 57 106 107 108 109 110 56 55 54 53 111 112 113 114 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NM) (Flash memory version) 115 116 117 CE 52 51 EPM 50 118 49 119 48 47 46 120 121 45 44 43 42 122 123 124 125 41 40 39 126 127 SCLK 38 37 BUSY RXD 36 35 TXD 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 12 8 VSS VCC1 VCC1 CNVSS RESET Connect oscillation circuit Mode setup method Signal Value CNVSS VCC1 EPM VSS RESET VSS to VCC1 CE VCC2 Package: PLQP0128KB-A (128P6Q-A) Figure 21.14 Pin Connections in Standard Serial I/O Mode (2) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 285 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version 21.4.2 Example of Circuit Application in Standard Serial I/O Mode Figures 21.15 and 21.16 show the Circuit Application in Standard Serial I/O Mode 1 and Mode 2. Refer to the user's manual of your serial programmer to handle pins controlled by a serial programmer. Note that when using standard serial I/O mode 2, make sure a main clock input oscillation frequency is set to 5 MHz, 10 MHz, or 16 MHz. VCC1 VCC2 MCU SCLK input P6_6/CLK1 VCC1 P5_0(CE) TXD output P6_7/TXD1 BUSY output P6_4/RTS1 P5_5(EPM) VCC1 RXD input CNVSS P6_6/RXD1 VCC1 VCC1 Reset input RESET P8_5/NMI User reset signal NOTES: 1.Control pins and external circuitry will vary according to programmer. For more information, refer to the programmer manual. 2.In this example, modes are switched between single-chip mode and standard serial I/O mode by controlling the CNVSS input with a switch. 3.If in standard standard serial I/O mode 1 there is a possibility that the user reset signal will go low during standard serial I/O mode, break the connection between the user reset signal and RESET pin by using, for example, a jumper switch. Figure 21.15 Circuit Application in Standard Serial I/O Mode 1 VCC2 MCU P6_5/CLK1 P5_0(CE) TXD output P6_7/TXD1 P5_5(EPM) Monitor output P6_4/RTS1 VCC1 RXD input P6_6/RXD1 VCC1 CNVSS VCC1 Reset input RESET User reset signal P8_5/NMI NOTE: 1.In this example, modes are switched between single-chip mode and standard serial I/O mode by controlling the CNVSS input with a switch. Figure 21.16 Circuit Application in Standard Serial I/O Mode 2 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 286 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version 21.5 Parallel I/O Mode In parallel I/O mode, the user ROM area and the boot ROM area can be rewritten by a parallel programmer supporting the M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM). Contact your parallel programmer manufacturer for more information on the parallel programmer. Refer to the user's manual included with your parallel programmer for instructions. 21.5.1 User ROM and Boot ROM Areas An erase block operation in the boot ROM area is applied to only one 4-Kbyte block. The rewrite control program in standard serial I/O and CAN I/O modes are written in the boot ROM area before shipment. Do not rewrite the boot ROM area if using the serial programmer. In parallel I/O mode, the boot ROM area is located in addresses 0FF000h to 0FFFFFh. Rewrite this address range only if rewriting the boot ROM area. (Do not access addresses other than addresses 0FF000h to 0FFFFFh.) 21.5.2 ROM Code Protect Function The ROM code protect function prevents the flash memory from being read and rewritten in parallel I/O mode. (Refer to 21.2 Functions to Prevent Flash Memory from Rewriting.) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 287 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version 21.6 CAN I/O Mode In CAN I/O mode, the CAN programmer supporting the M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) can be used to rewrite the flash memory user ROM area in the MCU mounted on a board. For more information about the CAN programmer, contact your CAN programmer manufacturer. Refer to the user's manual included with your CAN programmer for instructions. Table 21.8 lists pin functions for CAN I/O mode. Figures 21.17 and 21.18 show pin connections in CAN I/O mode. 21.6.1 ID Code Check Function The ID code check function determines whether the ID codes sent from the CAN programmer matches those written in the flash memory. (Refer to 21.2 Functions to Prevent Flash Memory from Rewriting.) Table 21.8 Pin Functions for CAN I/O Mode Pin VCC1, VCC2, VSS Name Power supply input _____________ CNVSS RESET CNVSS Reset input I I XIN XOUT Clock input Clock output I O BYTE AVCC, AVSS BYTE Analog power supply input Reference voltage input Input port P0 Input port P1 Input port P2 Input port P3 Input port P4 _____ CE input Input port P5 I VREF I/O I Description Apply the Flash Program, Erase Voltage to VCC1 pin and VCC2 to VCC2 pin. The VCC apply condition is that VCC2 = VCC1. Apply 0 V to VSS pin. Connect to VCC1 pin. ____________ Reset input pin. While RESET pin is "L" level, input 20 cycles or longer clock to XIN pin. Connect a ceramic resonator or crystal oscillator between XIN and XOUT pins. To input an externally generated clock, input it to XIN pin and open XOUT pin. Connect this pin to VCC1 or VSS. Connect AVCC to VCC1 and AVSS to VSS, respectively. Enter the reference voltage for A/D and D/A converters from this pin. Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. Input "H" level signal. Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. P0_0 to P0_7 I P1_0 to P1_7 I P2_0 to P2_7 I P3_0 to P3_7 I P4_0 to P4_7 I P5_0 I P5_1 to P5_4, I P5_6, P5_7 ________ Input "L" level signal. EPM input P5_5 I Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. P6_0 to P6_4, P6_6 Input port P6 I Input "L" level signal. SCLK input P6_5/CLK1 I TXD output P6_7/TXD1 O Input "H" level signal. Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. Input port P7 P7_0 to P7_7 I Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. Input port P8 P8_0 to P8_3, I P8_6, P8_7 Input "L" level signal. (1) P8_4 Input P8_4 _______ I ________ Connect this pin to VCC1. NMI input P8_5/NMI I Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. P9_0 to P9_4, P9_7 Input port P9 I Connect to a CAN transceiver. P9_5/CRX0 CRX input I Connect to a CAN transceiver. CTX output P9_6/CTX0 O Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. Input port P10 P10_0 to P10_7 I Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. Input port P11 P11_0 to P11_7 (2) I Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. Input port P12 P12_0 to P12_7 (2) I Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. Input port P13 P13_0 to P13_7 (2) I Input "H" or "L" level signal or open. P14_0, P14_1 (2) Input port P14 I NOTES: 1. When using CAN I/O mode, pins P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7 may become undefined while the P8_4 pin is "H" ____________ and the RESET pin is "L". If this causes a problem, apply "L" to the P8_4 pin. 2. The pins P11 to P14 are only in the 128-pin version. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 288 of 378 21. Flash Memory Version 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 VCC2 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) CTX 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK) (Flash memory version) CE 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 EPM SCLK TXD 28 27 26 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 CRX 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 VSS VCC1 CNVSS RESET Connect oscillation circuit Mode setup method Signal Value CNVSS VCC1 EPM VSS RESET VSS to VCC1 CE VCC2 SCLK VSS TXD VCC1 Package: PLQP0100KB-A (100P6Q-A) Figure 21.17 Pin Connections in CAN I/O Mode (1) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 289 of 378 21. Flash Memory Version 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 VCC2 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 64 63 62 61 60 59 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NM) (Flash memory version) 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 EPM SCLK 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 43 42 41 40 39 CE VSS VCC1 TXD VCC1 CNVSS CTX CRX RESET Connect oscillation circuit Mode setup method Signal Value CNVSS VCC1 EPM VSS RESET VSS to VCC1 CE VCC2 SCLK VSS TXD VCC1 Package: PLQP0128KB-A (128P6Q-A) Figure 21.18 Pin Connections in CAN I/O Mode (2) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 290 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 21. Flash Memory Version 21.6.2 Example of Circuit Application in CAN I/O Mode Figure 21.19 shows the Circuit Application in CAN I/O Mode. Refer to the user's manual of your CAN programmer to handle pins controlled by a CAN programmer. VCC1 VCC2 MCU P6_7/TXD1 P5_0(CE) P6_5/CLK1 P5_5(EPM) VCC1 CAN transceiver CAN_H CAN_L CAN_H P9_5/CRX0 CAN_L CNVSS P9_6/CTX0 VCC1 VCC1 RESET P8_5/NMI NOTES: 1.Control pins and external circuitry will vary according to programmer. For more information, refer to the programmer manual. 2.In this example, modes are switched between single-chip mode and CAN I/O mode by controlling the CNVSS input with a switch. Figure 21.19 Circuit Application in CAN I/O Mode Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 291 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) 22. Electrical Characteristics 22.1 Electrical Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Table 22.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol Parameter Condition Rated Value Unit VCC Supply voltage (VCC1 = VCC2) VCC = AVCC -0.3 to 6.5 V AVCC Analog supply voltage VCC = AVCC -0.3 to 6.5 V -0.3 to VCC+0.3 V _____________ VI Input RESET, CNVSS, BYTE, voltage P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0, P7_2 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_7, P9_0, P9_2 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1, VREF, XIN P7_1, P9_1 VO Output P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, voltage P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0, P7_2 to P7_7, -0.3 to 6.5 V -0.3 to VCC+0.3 V -0.3 to 6.5 V 700 mW -40 to 85 C P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0, P9_2 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1, XOUT P7_1, P9_1 Pd Power dissipation Topr Operating ambient During MCU operation temperature Topr = 25C During flash memory program and 0 to 60 erase operation Tstg Storage temperature NOTE: 1. Ports P11 to P14 are only in the 128-pin version. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 292 of 378 -65 to 150 C M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Table 22.2 Recommended Operating Conditions (1) Symbol VCC AVCC VSS AVSS VIH VIL Parameter 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) (1) Min. 3.0 Supply voltage (VCC1 = VCC2) Analog supply voltage Supply voltage Analog supply voltage HIGH input P3_1 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, 0.8 VCC voltage P7_0, P7_2 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_7, P9_0, P9_2 to P9_7, LOW input voltage IOH(peak) HIGH peak output current IOH(avg) HIGH average output current IOL(peak) LOW peak output current IOL(avg) LOW average output current P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1, _____________ XIN, RESET, CNVSS, BYTE 0.8 VCC P7_1, P9_1 0.8 VCC P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, P3_0 (During single-chip mode) P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, P3_0 0.5 VCC (Data input during memory expansion and microprocessor modes) 0 P3_1 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_7, P9_0 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, _____________ P14_0, P14_1, XIN, RESET, CNVSS, BYTE P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, P3_0 0 (During single-chip mode) P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, P3_0 0 (Data input during memory expansion and microprocessor modes) P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0, P7_2 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0, P9_2 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1 P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0, P7_2 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0, P9_2 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1 P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1 P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1 Standard Max. Typ. 5.0 5.5 VCC 0 0 VCC Unit 6.5 VCC page 293 of 378 V V VCC 0.2 VCC V V 0.2 VCC V 0.16 VCC V -10.0 mA -5.0 mA 10.0 mA 5.0 mA NOTES: 1. Referenced to VCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V at Topr = -40 to 85C unless otherwise specified. 2. Average output current values during 100 ms period. 3. The total IOL(peak) for ports P0, P1, P2, P8_6, P8_7, P9, P10, P11, P14_0, and P14_1 must be 80 mA max. The total IOL(peak) for ports P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8_0 to P8_4, P12, and P13 must be 80 mA max. The total IOH(peak) for ports P0, P1, and P2 must be -40 mA max. The total IOH(peak) for ports P3, P4, P5, P12, and P13 must be -40 mA max. The total IOH(peak) for ports P6, P7, and P8_0 to P8_4 must be -40 mA max. The total IOH(peak) for ports P8_6, P8_7, P9, P10, P11, P14_0, and P14_1 must be -40 mA max. 4. P11 to P14 are only in the 128-pin version. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 V V V V V M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Table 22.3 Recommended Operating Conditions (2) Symbol f(XIN) (1) Parameter Min. Main clock input oscillation No wait Mask ROM version VCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V frequency (2) (3) (4) Standard Max. Typ. 0 Unit 16 MHz 50 kHz Flash memory version f(XCIN) Sub clock oscillation frequency f(Ring) On-chip oscillation frequency f(PLL) PLL clock oscillation frequency f(BCLK) CPU operation clock tsu(PLL) PLL frequency synthesizer stabilization wait time 20 ms f(ripple) Power supply ripple allowable frequency (VCC) 10 kHz VP-P(ripple) Power supply ripple allowable amplitude voltage 0.5 0.3 V 0.3 0.3 V/ms 32.768 1 VCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V MHz 16 24 MHz 0 24 MHz VCC = 5 V VCC = 3 V VCC(|V/T|) Power supply ripple rising/falling gradient VCC = 5 V VCC = 3 V 1. Referenced to VCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V at Topr = -40 to 85C unless otherwise specified. 2. Relationship between main clock oscillation frequency and supply voltage is shown right. 3. Execute program/erase of flash memory by VCC = 3.3 0.3 V or VCC = 5.0 0.5 V. 4. When using 16 MHz and over, use PLL clock. PLL clock oscillation frequency which can be used is 16 MHz, 20 MHz or 24 MHz. f(ripple) Power supply ripple allowable frequency (VCC) VP-P(ripple) Power supply ripple allowable amplitude voltage Figure 22.1 Voltage Fluctuation Timing Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 294 of 378 f(XIN) operating maximum frequency [MHz] NOTES: Main clock input oscillation frequency (Mask ROM version / Flash memory version: no wait) 16.0 0.0 3.0 5.5 VCC [V] (main clock: no division) f(ripple) VCC VP-P(ripple) M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Table 22.4 Electrical Characteristics (1) Symbol VOH HIGH output voltage 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) (1) P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0, P7_2 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0, P9_2 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1 P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, VOH HIGH output voltage P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0, P7_2 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0, P9_2 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1 VOH XOUT HIGHPOWER HIGH output voltage LOWPOWER XCOUT HIGHPOWER HIGH output voltage LOWPOWER VOL P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, LOW output voltage P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1 P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, VOL LOW output voltage P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1 XOUT HIGHPOWER VOL LOW output voltage LOWPOWER XCOUT HIGHPOWER LOW output voltage LOWPOWER __________ ________ VT+-V T- Hysteresis HOLD, RDY, TA0IN to TA4IN, TB0IN to TB5IN, _________ _________ ________ ______________ __________ __________ INT0 to INT8, NMI, ADTRG, CTS0 to CTS2, SCL0 to SCL2, SDA0 to SDA2, CLK0 to CLK6, ______ ______ TA0OUT to TA4OUT, KI0 to KI3, RXD0 to RXD2, SIN3 to SIN6 _____________ VT+-V T- Hysteresis RESET IIH P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, HIGH input P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, current P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_7, P9_0 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0____________ to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1, XIN, RESET, CNVSS, BYTE P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, IIL LOW input P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, current P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_7, P9_0 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0____________ to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1, XIN, RESET, CNVSS, BYTE P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, RPULLUP Pull-up P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, resistance P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0, P7_2 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0, P9_2 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1 RfXIN XIN Feedback resistance RfXCIN XCIN Feedback resistance VRAM VCC = 5V Standard Parameter Measuring Condition Min. Typ. Max. VCC P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, I OH = -5 mA VCC-2.0 RAM retention voltage IOH = -200 A IOH = -1 mA IOH = -0.5 mA With no load applied With no load applied IOL = 5 mA Unit V VCC-0.3 VCC V 3.0 3.0 VCC VCC V V 2.5 1.6 2.0 V IOL = 200 A 0.45 V IOL = 1 mA IOL = 0.5 mA With no load applied With no load applied 2.0 2.0 V 0 0 V 0.2 1.0 V 0.2 VI = 5 V 2.5 5.0 V A VI = 0 V -5.0 A 170 k VI = 0 V 30 50 1.5 15 At stop mode 2.0 M M V NOTES: 1. Referenced to VCC =________ 4.2 to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V at Topr = -40 to 85C, f(BCLK) = 24 MHz unless otherwise specified. ________ 2. P11 to P14, INT6 to INT8, CLK5, CLK6, SIN5, and SIN6 are only in the 128-pin version. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 295 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Table 22.5 Electrical Characteristics (2) Symbol ICC 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) (1) Parameter Power supply Measuring Condition In single-chip mode, Mask ROM current Min. f(BCLK) = 24 MHz, Standard Typ. Max. 21 37 Unit mA PLL operation, the output pins are (VCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V) open and other pins No division On-chip oscillation, No division 1 Flash memory f(BCLK) = 24 MHz, 23 are VSS. mA 39 mA PLL operation, No division On-chip oscillation, No division 1.8 mA Flash memory f(BCLK) = 10 MHz, 15 mA 25 mA 25 A 25 A 420 A 50 A 8.5 A 3.0 A program VCC = 5 V Flash memory f(BCLK) = 10 MHz, erase Mask ROM VCC = 5 V f(BCLK) = 32 kHz, Low power dissipation mode, ROM (2) Flash memory f(BCLK) = 32 kHz, Low power dissipation mode, RAM (2) f(BCLK) = 32 kHz, Low power dissipation mode, Flash memory (2) Mask ROM On-chip oscillation, Flash memory Wait mode f(BCLK) = 32 kHz, Wait mode (3) , Oscillation capacity High f(BCLK) = 32 kHz, Wait mode (3) , Oscillation capacity Low Stop mode, 0.8 3.0 A Topr = 25C NOTES: 1. Referenced to VCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V at Topr = -40 to 85C, f(BCLK) = 24 MHz unless otherwise specified. 2. This indicates the memory in which the program to be executed exists. 3. With one timer operated using fC32. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 296 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Table 22.6 A/D Conversion Characteristics Symbol (1) Parameter - Resolution INL Integral 10 bits error 8 bits Absolute Measuring Condition Min. VREF = VCC VREF ANEX0, ANEX1 input, AN0 to AN7 input, Standard Typ. Max. 10 = VCC AN0_0 to AN0_7 input, AN2_0 to AN2_7 input = 5 V External operation amp connection mode nonlinearity - 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) 10 bits 8 bits Bit 3 LSB 7 LSB VREF ANEX0, ANEX1 input, AN0 to AN7 input, = VCC AN0_0 to AN0_7 input, AN2_0 to AN2_7 input 5 LSB = 3.3 V External operation amp connection mode 7 LSB VREF = AVCC = VCC = 3.3 V VREF ANEX0, ANEX1 input, AN0 to AN7 input, 2 LSB 3 LSB = VCC AN0_0 to AN0_7 input, AN2_0 to AN2_7 input = 5 V External operation amp connection mode accuracy Unit 7 LSB VREF ANEX0, ANEX1 input, AN0 to AN7 input, = VCC AN0_0 to AN0_7 input, AN2_0 to AN2_7 input 5 LSB = 3.3 V External operation amp connection mode 7 LSB VREF = AVCC = VCC = 3.3 V 2 LSB DNL Differential nonlinearity error 1 LSB - Offset error 3 LSB - Gain error 3 LSB RLADDER Resistor ladder VREF = VCC 10 40 k tCONV 10-bit conversion time, VREF = VCC = 5 V, AD = 10 MHz 3.3 s VREF = VCC = 5 V, AD = 10 MHz 2.8 s sample & hold available 8-bit conversion time, sample & hold available tSAMP Sampling time VREF Reference voltage VIA Analog input voltage s 0.3 2.0 VCC V 0 V REF V NOTES: 1. Referenced to VCC = AVCC = VREF = 3.3 to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0 V, -40 to 85C unless otherwise specified. 2. AD frequency must be 10 MHz or less. 3. When sample & hold is disabled, AD frequency must be 250 kHz or more in addition to a limit of NOTE 2. When sample & hold is enabled, AD frequency must be 1 MHz or more in addition to a limit of NOTE 2. Table 22.7 D/A conversion Characteristics Symbol Parameter - Resolution - Absolute accuracy tsu RO Setup time IVREF Reference power supply input current (1) Measuring Condition Min. 4 Output resistance (NOTE 2) Standard Typ. Max. 8 10 Unit Bits 1.0 % 3 s 20 k 1.5 mA NOTES: 1. Referenced to VCC = AVCC = VREF = 3.3 to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0 V, -40 to 85C unless otherwise specified. 2. This applies when using one D/A converter, with the DAi register (i = 0, 1) for the unused D/A converter set to 00h. The resistor ladder of the A/D converter is not included. Also, the IVREF will flow even if VREF is disconnected by the ADCON1 register. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 297 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Table 22.8 Flash Memory Version Electrical Characteristics Parameter Symbol (1) Min. (2) Standard Typ. Max. 25 200 s Unit - Programming and erasure endurance - Word program time (VCC = 5.0 V) - Lock bit program time 25 200 s - Block erase time 4-Kbyte block 0.3 4 s (VCC = 5.0 V) 8-Kbyte block 0.3 4 s 32-Kbyte block 0.5 4 s 64-Kbyte block 0.8 4 100 cycle s 4n - Erase all unlocked blocks time tps Flash memory circuit stabilization wait time (3) s s 15 NOTES: 1. Referenced to VCC = 4.5 to 5.5 V, 3.0 to 3.6 V, Topr = 0 to 60C unless otherwise specified. 2. Programming and erasure endurance refers to the number of times a block erase can be performed. If the programming and erasure endurance is n (n = 100), each block can be erased n times. For example, if a 4-Kbyte block A is erased after writing 1 word data 2,048 times, each to a different address, this counts as one programming and erasure endurance. Data cannot be written to the same address more than once without erasing the block (rewrite prohibited). 3. n denotes the number of blocks to erase. Table 22.9 Flash Memory Version Program/Erase Voltage and Read Operation Voltage Characteristics (at Topr = 0 to 60C) Flash Program, Erase Voltage VCC = 3.3 0.3 V or 5.0 0.5 V Flash Read Operation Voltage VCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V Table 22.10 Power Supply Circuit Timing Characteristics Symbol Measuring Condition Parameter Min. Standard Typ. Max. 2 Unit td(P-R) Time for internal power supply stabilization during powering-on VCC = 3.0 to 5.5 V td(R-S) STOP release time 150 s td(W-S) Low power dissipation mode wait mode release time 150 s td(P-R) Time for internal power supply VCC stabilization during powering-on td(P-R) CPU clock td(R-S) STOP release time Interrupt for (a) Stop mode release or (b) Wait mode release td(W-S) Low power dissipation mode CPU clock wait mode release time (a) (b) Figure 22.2 Power Supply Circuit Timing Diagram Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 298 of 378 td(R-S) td(W-S) ms M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Timing Requirements VCC (Referenced to VCC = 5 V, VSS = 0 V, at Topr = -40 to 85C unless otherwise specified) =5V Table 22.11 External Clock Input (XIN Input) Symbol Parameter tC External clock input cycle time tw(H) External clock input HIGH pulse width tw(L) External clock input LOW pulse width tr External clock rise time tf External clock fall time Standard Min. Max. 62.5 25 25 15 15 Unit ns ns ns ns ns Table 22.12 Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode Symbol Parameter tac1(RD-DB) Data input access time (for setting with no wait) tac2(RD-DB) tac3(RD-DB) Data input access time (for setting with wait) tsu(DB-RD) tsu(RDY-BCLK) Data input setup time Standard Unit Min. Max. (NOTE 1) ns (NOTE 2) ns (NOTE 3) Data input access time (when accessing multiplexed bus area) 40 30 ________ RDY input setup time __________ tsu(HOLD-BCLK) HOLD input setup time th(RD-DB) Data input hold time ________ th(BCLK-RDY) RDY input hold time __________ th(BCLK-HOLD) HOLD input hold time 40 0 0 0 ns ns ns ns ns ns ns NOTES: 1. Calculated according to the BCLK frequency as follows: 0.5 10 - 45 [ns] f(BCLK) 9 2. Calculated according to the BCLK frequency as follows: (n -0.5) 10 f(BCLK) 9 - 45 [ns] n is "2" for 1-wait setting, "3" for 2-wait setting and "4" for 3-wait setting. 3. Calculated according to the BCLK frequency as follows: (n -0.5) 109 - 45 [ns] f(BCLK) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 299 of 378 n is "2" for 2-wait setting, "3" for 3-wait setting. M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Timing Requirements VCC (Referenced to VCC = 5 V, VSS = 0 V, at Topr = -40 to 85C unless otherwise specified) =5V Table 22.13 Timer A Input (Counter Input in Event Counter Mode) Parameter Symbol tc(TA) TAiIN input cycle time tw(TAH) TAiIN input HIGH pulse width tw(TAL) TAiIN input LOW pulse width Standard Min. Max. 100 40 40 Unit ns ns ns Table 22.14 Timer A Input (Gating Input in Timer Mode) Parameter Symbol tc(TA) TAiIN input cycle time tw(TAH) TAiIN input HIGH pulse width tw(TAL) TAiIN input LOW pulse width Standard Min. Max. 400 200 200 Unit ns ns ns Table 22.15 Timer A Input (External Trigger Input in One-shot Timer Mode) Symbol Parameter tc(TA) TAiIN input cycle time tw(TAH) TAiIN input HIGH pulse width tw(TAL) TAiIN input LOW pulse width Standard Min. Max. 200 100 100 Unit ns ns ns Table 22.16 Timer A Input (External Trigger Input in Pulse Width Modulation Mode) tw(TAH) TAiIN input HIGH pulse width Standard Min. Max. 100 tw(TAL) TAiIN input LOW pulse width 100 Symbol Parameter Unit ns ns Table 22.17 Timer A Input (Counter Increment/decrement Input in Event Counter Mode) Symbol Parameter Standard Min. Max. 2000 1000 tc(UP) TAiOUT input cycle time tw(UPH) TAiOUT input HIGH pulse width tw(UPL) TAiOUT input LOW pulse width tsu(UP-TIN) TAiOUT input setup time 1000 400 th(TIN-UP) TAiOUT input hold time 400 Unit ns ns ns ns ns Table 22.18 Timer A Input (Two-phase Pulse Input in Event Counter Mode) Symbol Parameter tc(TA) TAiIN input cycle time tsu(TAIN-TAOUT) TAiOUT input setup time tsu(TAOUT-TAIN) TAiIN input setup time Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 300 of 378 Standard Max. Min. 800 200 200 Unit ns ns ns M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Timing Requirements VCC (Referenced to VCC = 5 V, VSS = 0 V, at Topr = -40 to 85C unless otherwise specified) =5V Table 22.19 Timer B Input (Counter Input in Event Counter Mode) Symbol tc(TB) tw(TBH) tw(TBL) tc(TB) tw(TBH) tw(TBL) Parameter TBiIN input cycle time (counted on one edge) TBiIN input HIGH pulse width (counted on one edge) TBiIN input LOW pulse width (counted on one edge) Standard Min. Max. 100 40 40 TBiIN input HIGH pulse width (counted on both edges) 200 80 TBiIN input LOW pulse width (counted on both edges) 80 TBiIN input cycle time (counted on both edges) Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns Table 22.20 Timer B Input (Pulse Period Measurement Mode) TBiIN input HIGH pulse width Standard Min. Max. 400 200 TBiIN input LOW pulse width 200 Symbol tc(TB) tw(TBH) tw(TBL) Parameter TBiIN input cycle time Unit ns ns ns Table 22.21 Timer B Input (Pulse Width Measurement Mode) Symbol tc(TB) tw(TBH) tw(TBL) Parameter TBiIN input cycle time TBiIN input HIGH pulse width Standard Min. Max. 400 200 200 TBiIN input LOW pulse width Unit ns ns ns Table 22.22 A/D Trigger Input Symbol tC(AD) tw(ADL) Parameter _____________ ADTRG input cycle time (trigger able minimum) Standard Min. Max. 1000 _____________ ADTRG input LOW pulse width 125 Unit ns ns Table 22.23 Serial Interface CLKi input HIGH pulse width Standard Min. Max. 200 100 CLKi input LOW pulse width 100 Symbol tc(CK) tw(CKH) tw(CKL) td(C-Q) th(C-Q) tsu(D-C) th(C-D) Parameter CLKi input cycle time 80 TXDi output delay time RXDi input setup time 0 70 RXDi input hold time 90 TXDi hold time Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns ns _______ Table 22.24 External Interrupt INTi Input Symbol tw(INH) tw(INL) Parameter _______ INTi input HIGH pulse width _______ INTi input LOW pulse width Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 301 of 378 Standard Min. Max. 250 250 Unit ns ns M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Switching Characteristics VCC (Referenced to VCC = 5 V, VSS = 0 V, at Topr = -40 to 85 C unless otherwise specified) =5V Table 22.25 Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (for setting with no wait) Symbol Measuring Condition Parameter td(BCLK-AD) th(BCLK-AD) th(RD-AD) th(WR-AD) td(BCLK-CS) th(BCLK-CS) td(BCLK-ALE) th(BCLK-ALE) td(BCLK-RD) th(BCLK-RD) td(BCLK-WR) th(BCLK-WR) td(BCLK-DB) th(BCLK-DB) td(DB-WR) th(WR-DB) Address output delay time Figure 22.3 Address output hold time (in relation to BCLK) Standard Min. Max. 25 Address output hold time (in relation to RD) 0 Address output hold time (in relation to WR) (NOTE 1) Chip select output delay time ALE signal output delay time 15 ns ns 25 ns ns -4 RD signal output delay time RD signal output hold time ns 0 WR signal output delay time 25 WR signal output hold time Data output hold time (in relation to BCLK) 40 (3) Data output delay time (in relation to WR) (3) ns ns 0 Data output delay time (in relation to BCLK) Data output hold time (rin relation to WR) 25 ns ns 4 ALE signal output hold time ns ns ns 4 Chip select output hold time (rin relation to BCLK) Unit ns 4 ns (NOTE 2) ns (NOTE 1) ns __________ td(BCLK-HLDA) HLDA output delay time 40 ns NOTES: 1. Calculated according to the BCLK frequency as follows: 0.5 10 - 10 [ns] f(BCLK) 9 2. Calculated according to the BCLK frequency as follows: 0.5 10 - 40 [ns] f(BCLK) 9 f(BCLK) is 12.5 MHz or less. 3. This standard value shows the timing when the output is off, and does not show hold time of data bus. Hold time of data bus varies with capacitor volume and pull-up (pull-down) resistance value. Hold time of data bus is expressed in t = - CR ln (1 - VOL / VCC) by a circuit of the right figure. For example, when VOL = 0.2 VCC, C = 30 pF, R =1 k, hold time of output "L" level is t = - 30 pF 1 k ln (1 - 0.2 VCC / VCC) = 6.7 ns. R DBi C P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 P10 P11 P12 P13 P14 30 pF NOTE: 1. P11 to P14 are only in the 128-pin version. Figure 22.3 Port P0 to P14 Measurement Circuit Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 302 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Switching Characteristics VCC (Referenced to VCC = 5 V, VSS = 0 V, at Topr = -40 to 85 C unless otherwise specified) =5V Table 22.26 Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (for 1- to 3-wait setting and external area access) Symbol Measuring Condition Parameter td(BCLK-AD) th(BCLK-AD) th(RD-AD) th(WR-AD) td(BCLK-CS) th(BCLK-CS) td(BCLK-ALE) th(BCLK-ALE) td(BCLK-RD) th(BCLK-RD) td(BCLK-WR) th(BCLK-WR) td(BCLK-DB) th(BCLK-DB) td(DB-WR) th(WR-DB) Address output delay time Figure 22.3 Address output hold time (in relation to BCLK) Standard Min. Max. 25 Address output hold time (in relation to RD) 0 Address output hold time (in relation to WR) (NOTE 1) Chip select output delay time 25 ns ns 15 ns ns 25 ns ns 25 ns ns 40 ns ns 4 ALE signal output delay time ALE signal output hold time -4 RD signal output delay time RD signal output hold time 0 WR signal output delay time WR signal output hold time 0 Data output delay time (in relation to BCLK) Data output hold time (rin relation to BCLK) (3) Data output hold time (in relation to WR) ns ns 4 Data output delay time (in relation to WR) (NOTE 2) (3) ns ns ns 4 Chip select output hold time (in relation to BCLK) Unit ns (NOTE 1) __________ td(BCLK-HLDA) HLDA output delay time 40 ns NOTES: 1. Calculated according to the BCLK frequency as follows: 0.5 10 - 10 [ns] f(BCLK) 9 2. Calculated according to the BCLK frequency as follows: (n - 0.5) 10 - 40 [ns] f(BCLK) 9 n is "1" for 1-wait setting, "2" for 2-wait setting and "3" for 3-wait setting. When n = 1, f(BCLK) is 12.5 MHz or less. 3. This standard value shows the timing when the output is off, and does not show hold time of data bus. Hold time of data bus varies with capacitor volume and pull-up (pull-down) resistance value. Hold time of data bus is expressed in t = - CR ln (1 - VOL / VCC) by a circuit of the right figure. For example, when VOL = 0.2 VCC, C = 30 pF, R =1 k, hold time of output "L" level is t = - 30 pF 1 k ln (1 - 0.2 VCC / VCC) = 6.7 ns. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 303 of 378 R DBi C M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Switching Characteristics VCC (Referenced to VCC = 5 V, VSS = 0 V, at Topr = -40 to 85 C unless otherwise specified) =5V Table 22.27 Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (for 2- to 3-wait setting, external area access and multiplexed bus selection) Symbol Parameter td(BCLK-AD) th(BCLK-AD) th(RD-AD) th(WR-AD) td(BCLK-CS) th(BCLK-CS) th(RD-CS) th(WR-CS) td(BCLK-RD) th(BCLK-RD) td(BCLK-WR) th(BCLK-WR) td(BCLK-DB) th(BCLK-DB) td(DB-WR) th(WR-DB) Address output delay time Measuring Condition Figure 22.3 Standard Min. Max. 25 Address output hold time (in relation to BCLK) (NOTE 1) Address output hold time (in relation to WR) (NOTE 1) Chip select output delay time 25 Chip select output hold time (in relation to BCLK) (NOTE 1) Chip select output hold time (in relation to WR) (NOTE 1) RD signal output delay time ns 25 RD signal output hold time 25 WR signal output hold time ns ns 0 Data output delay time (in relation to BCLK) ns ns 0 WR signal output delay time ns ns ns ns 4 Chip select output hold time (in relation to RD) ns ns ns 4 Address output hold time (in relation to RD) Unit 40 ns Data output hold time (in relation to BCLK) 4 ns Data output delay time (in relation to WR) (NOTE 2) ns Data output hold time (in relation to WR) (NOTE 1) ns __________ td(BCLK-HLDA) HLDA output delay time td(BCLK-ALE) th(BCLK-ALE) td(AD-ALE) th(ALE-AD) td(AD-RD) td(AD-WR) tdZ(RD-AD) ALE signal output delay time (in relation to BCLK) 40 ns 15 ns -4 ns ALE signal output delay time (in relation to Address) (NOTE 3) ns ALE signal output hold time (in relation to Address) (NOTE 4) ns RD signal output delay from the end of Address 0 ns WR signal output delay from the end of Address 0 ALE signal output hold time (in relation to BCLK) Address output floating start time NOTES: 1. Calculated according to the BCLK frequency as follows: 0.5 109 - 10 [ns] f(BCLK) 2. Calculated according to the BCLK frequency as follows: (n -0.5) 10 f(BCLK) 9 - 40 [ns] n is "2" for 2-wait setting, "3" for 3-wait setting. 3. Calculated according to the BCLK frequency as follows: 0.5 10 - 25 [ns] f(BCLK) 9 4. Calculated according to the BCLK frequency as follows: 0.5 109 - 15 [ns] f(BCLK) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 304 of 378 ns 8 ns M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) VCC = 5 V XIN input tr tr tw(H) tw(L) tc tc(TA) tw(TAH) TAiIN input tw(TAL) tc(UP) tw(UPH) TAiOUT input tw(UPL) TAiOUT input (Up/down input) During event counter mode TAiIN input (When count on falling edge is selected) th(TIN--UP) tsu(UP--TIN) TAiIN input (When count on rising edge is selected) Two-phase pulse input in event counter mode tC(TA) TAiIN input tsu(TAIN--TAOUT) tsu(TAIN--TAOUT) tsu(TAOUT--TAIN) TAiOUT input tsu(TAOUT--TAIN) tc(TB) tw(TBH) TBiIN input tw(TBL) tc(AD) tw(ADL) ADTRG input tc(CK) tw(CKH) CLKi tw(CKL) th(C--Q) TXDi td(C--Q) tsu(D--C) RXDi tw(INL) INTi input tw(INH) Figure 22.4 Timing Diagram (1) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 305 of 378 th(C--D) M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) VCC = 5 V Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (Effective for setting with wait) BCLK RD (Separate bus) WR, WRL, WRH (Separate bus) RD (Multiplexed bus) WR, WRL, WRH (Multiplexed bus) RDY input tsu(RDY-BCLK) th(BCLK-RDY) (Common to setting with wait and setting without wait) BCLK tsu(HOLD-BCLK) th(BCLK-HOLD) HOLD input HLDA output td(BCLK-HLDA) P0, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5_0 to P5_2 (1) td(BCLK-HLDA) Hi-Z NOTE: 1. The above pins are set to high-impedance regardless of the input level of the BYTE pin, the PM06 bit in the PM0 register, and the PM11 bit in the PM1 register. Measuring conditions : VCC = 5 V Input timing voltage : Determined with VIL = 1.0 V, VIH = 4.0 V Output timing voltage: Determined with VOL = 2.5 V, VOH = 2.5 V Figure 22.5 Timing Diagram (2) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 306 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (For setting with no wait) Read timing BCLK td(BCLK-CS) th(BCLK-CS) 25ns.max 4ns.min CSi tcyc td(BCLK-AD) th(BCLK-AD) 25ns.max 4ns.min ADi BHE td(BCLK-ALE) th(BCLK-ALE) -4ns.min 25ns.max th(RD-AD) 0ns.min ALE td(BCLK-RD) 25ns.max th(BCLK-RD) 0ns.min RD tac1(RD-DB) (0.5 tcyc-45)ns.max Hi-Z DBi tSU(DB-RD) 40ns.min th(RD-DB) 0ns.min Write timing BCLK td(BCLK-CS) th(BCLK-CS) 25ns.max 4ns.min CSi tcyc td(BCLK-AD) th(BCLK-AD) 25ns.max 4ns.min ADi BHE td(BCLK-ALE) th(BCLK-ALE) 25ns.max th(WR-AD) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min -4ns.min ALE td(BCLK-WR) 25ns.max th(BCLK-WR) 0ns.min WR,WRL, WRH td(BCLK-DB) th(BCLK-DB) 4ns.min 40ns.max Hi-Z DBi td(DB-WR) Measuring conditions : VCC = 5 V Input timing voltage : VIL = 0.8 V, VIH = 2.0 V Output timing voltage : VOL = 0.4 V, VOH = 2.4 V Figure 22.6 Timing Diagram (3) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 th(WR-DB) (0.5 tcyc-40)ns.min (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min 1 tcyc = f(BCLK) page 307 of 378 VCC = 5 V M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (For 1-wait setting and external area access) Read timing BCLK td(BCLK-CS) th(BCLK-CS) 25ns.max 4ns.min CSi tcyc td(BCLK-AD) th(BCLK-AD) 25ns.max 4ns.min ADi BHE td(BCLK-ALE) th(RD-AD) th(BCLK-ALE) 0ns.min -4ns.min 25ns.max ALE td(BCLK-RD) th(BCLK-RD) 0ns.min 25ns.max RD tac2(RD-DB) (1.5 tcyc-45)ns.max DBi Hi-Z th(RD-DB) tSU(DB-RD) 0ns.min 40ns.min Write timing BCLK td(BCLK-CS) th(BCLK-CS) 25ns.max 4ns.min CSi tcyc td(BCLK-AD) th(BCLK-AD) 25ns.max 4ns.min ADi BHE td(BCLK-ALE) th(BCLK-ALE) th(WR-AD) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min -4ns.min 25ns.max ALE td(BCLK-WR) 25ns.max th(BCLK-WR) 0ns.min WR,WRL, WRH td(BCLK-DB) th(BCLK-DB) 4ns.min 40ns.max Hi-Z DBi td(DB-WR) (0.5 tcyc-40)ns.min 1 tcyc = f(BCLK) Measuring conditions : VCC = 5 V Input timing voltage : VIL = 0.8 V, VIH = 2.0 V Output timing voltage : VOL = 0.4 V, VOH = 2.4 V Figure 22.7 Timing Diagram (4) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 308 of 378 th(WR-DB) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min VCC = 5 V M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (For 2-wait setting and external area access) Read timing tcyc BCLK th(BCLK-CS) 4ns.min td(BCLK-CS) 25ns.max CSi th(BCLK-AD) 4ns.min td(BCLK-AD) 25ns.max ADi BHE td(BCLK-ALE) 25ns.max th(RD-AD) 0ns.min th(BCLK-ALE) -4ns.min ALE th(BCLK-RD) 0ns.min td(BCLK-RD) 25ns.max RD tac2(RD-DB) (2.5 tcyc-45)ns.max DBi Hi-Z tSU(DB-RD) 40ns.min th(RD-DB) 0ns.min Write timing tcyc BCLK td(BCLK-CS) 25ns.max th(BCLK-CS) 4ns.min td(BCLK-AD) 25ns.max th(BCLK-AD) 4ns.min CSi ADi BHE td(BCLK-ALE) 25ns.max th(WR-AD) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min th(BCLK-ALE) -4ns.min ALE td(BCLK-WR) 25ns.max th(BCLK-WR) 0ns.min WR, WRL WRH td(BCLK-DB) 40ns.max DBi Hi-Z td(DB-WR) (1.5 tcyc-40)ns.min tcyc = th(BCLK-DB) 4ns.min 1 f(BCLK) Measuring conditions : VCC = 5 V Input timing voltage : VIL = 0.8 V, VIH = 2.0 V Output timing voltage : VOL = 0.4 V, VOH = 2.4 V Figure 22.8 Timing Diagram (5) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 309 of 378 th(WR-DB) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min VCC = 5 V M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) VCC = 5 V Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (For 3-wait setting and external area access) Read timing tcyc BCLK th(BCLK-CS) 4ns.min td(BCLK-CS) 25ns.max CSi th(BCLK-AD) 4ns.min td(BCLK-AD) 25ns.max ADi BHE td(BCLK-ALE) 25ns.max th(RD-AD) 0ns.min th(BCLK-ALE) -4ns.min ALE th(BCLK-RD) 0ns.min td(BCLK-RD) 25ns.max RD tac2(RD-DB) (3.5 tcyc-45)ns.max DBi Hi-Z tSU(DB-RD) th(RD-DB) 0ns.min 40ns.min Write timing tcyc BCLK td(BCLK-CS) 25ns.max th(BCLK-CS) 4ns.min td(BCLK-AD) 25ns.max th(BCLK-AD) 4ns.min CSi ADi BHE td(BCLK-ALE) 25ns.max th(WR-AD) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min th(BCLK-ALE) -4ns.min ALE td(BCLK-WR) 25ns.max th(BCLK-WR) 0ns.min WR, WRL WRH td(BCLK-DB) 40ns.max DBi Hi-Z td(DB-WR) (2.5 tcyc-40)ns.min 1 tcyc = f(BCLK) Measuring conditions : VCC = 5 V Input timing voltage : VIL = 0.8 V, VIH = 2.0 V Output timing voltage : VOL = 0.4 V, VOH = 2.4 V Figure 22.9 Timing Diagram (6) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 th(BCLK-DB) 4ns.min page 310 of 378 th(WR-DB) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) VCC = 5 V Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (For 1- or 2-wait setting, external area access and multiplexed bus selection) Read timing BCLK td(BCLK-CS) th(RD-CS) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min tcyc 25ns.max th(BCLK-CS) 4ns.min CSi td(AD-ALE) (0.5 tcyc-25)ns.min ADi /DBi th(ALE-AD) (0.5 tcyc-15)ns.min Address 8ns.max Address Data input tdZ(RD-AD) tac3(RD-DB) (1.5 tcyc-45)ns.max tSU(DB-RD) th(RD-DB) 0ns.min 40ns.min td(AD-RD) 0ns.min td(BCLK-AD) th(BCLK-AD) 4ns.min 25ns.max ADi BHE td(BCLK-ALE) th(BCLK-ALE) 25ns.max th(RD-AD) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min -4ns.min ALE td(BCLK-RD) th(BCLK-RD) 0ns.min 25ns.max RD Write timing BCLK td(BCLK-CS) th(BCLK-CS) th(WR-CS) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min tcyc 25ns.max 4ns.min CSi th(BCLK-DB) td(BCLK-DB) 4ns.min 40ns.max ADi /DBi Address Data output td(DB-WR) td(AD-ALE) (1.5 tcyc-40)ns.min (0.5 tcyc-25)ns.min Address th(WR-DB) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min td(BCLK-AD) th(BCLK-AD) 25ns.max 4ns.min ADi BHE td(BCLK-ALE) th(BCLK-ALE) td(AD-WR) -4ns.min 0ns.min 25ns.max th(WR-AD) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min ALE td(BCLK-WR) 25ns.max WR,WRL, WRH tcyc = 1 f(BCLK) Measuring conditions : VCC = 5 V Input timing voltage : VIL = 0.8 V, VIH = 2.0 V Output timing voltage : VOL = 0.4 V, VOH = 2.4 V Figure 22.10 Timing Diagram (7) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 311 of 378 th(BCLK-WR) 0ns.min M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) VCC = 5 V Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (For 3-wait setting, external area access and multiplexed bus selection) Read timing tcyc BCLK th(RD-CS) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min td(BCLK-CS) th(BCLK-CS) 4ns.min 25ns.max CSi td(AD-ALE) (0.5 tcyc-25)ns.min ADi /DBi th(ALE-AD) (0.5 tcyc-15)ns.min Address td(BCLK-AD) td(AD-RD) 25ns.max ADi BHE Data input tdZ(RD-AD) 8ns.max tac3(RD-DB) (2.5 tcyc-45)ns.max 0ns.min tSU(DB-RD) th(RD-DB) 0ns.min th(BCLK-AD) 4ns.min 40ns.min (no multiplex) td(BCLK-ALE) 25ns.max th(RD-AD) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min th(BCLK-ALE) -4ns.min ALE th(BCLK-RD) 0ns.min td(BCLK-RD) 25ns.max RD Write timing tcyc BCLK th(WR-CS) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min td(BCLK-CS) 25ns.max th(BCLK-CS) 4ns.min CSi th(BCLK-DB) 4ns.min td(BCLK-DB) 40ns.max ADi /DBi Address Data output td(AD-ALE) td(DB-WR) (0.5 tcyc-25)ns.min (2.5 tcyc-40)ns.min th(WR-DB) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min td(BCLK-AD) 25ns.max th(BCLK-AD) 4ns.min ADi BHE (no multiplex) td(BCLK-ALE) 25ns.max th(BCLK-ALE) th(WR-AD) -4ns.min td(AD-WR) ALE td(BCLK-WR) 25ns.max WR, WRL WRH tcyc = (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min 0ns.min 1 f(BCLK) Measuring conditions : VCC = 5 V Input timing voltage : VIL = 0.8 V, VIH = 2.0 V Output timing voltage : VOL = 0.4 V, VOH = 2.4 V Figure 22.11 Timing Diagram (8) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 312 of 378 th(BCLK-WR) 0ns.min M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Table 22.28 Electrical Characteristics 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) (1) VCC = 3.3 V Standard Parameter Measuring Condition Unit Symbol Min. Typ. Max. VCC P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, IOH = -1 mA V VOH HIGH output VCC-0.5 voltage P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0, P7_2 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0, P9_2 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7,P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1 XOUT HIGHPOWER VCC-0.5 VOH IOH = -0.1 mA HIGH output VCC V voltage VCC-0.5 LOWPOWER IOH = -50 A VCC XCOUT HIGHPOWER With no load applied HIGH output 2.5 V voltage LOWPOWER With no load applied 1.6 P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, IOL = 1 mA 0.5 VOL LOW output V voltage P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7,P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1 XOUT HIGHPOWER 0.5 VOL IOL = 0.1 mA LOW output V voltage LOWPOWER 0.5 IOL = 50 A XCOUT HIGHPOWER 0 V With no load applied LOW output voltage LOWPOWER With no load applied 0 _________ _______ 0.8 HOLD, RDY, TA0IN to TA4IN, TB0IN to TB5IN, 0.2 V VT+-V T- Hysteresis ________ ________ _______ _____________ _________ _________ INT0 to INT8, NMI, ADTRG, CTS0 to CTS2, SCL0 to SCL2, SDA0 to SDA2, CLK0 to CLK6, _____ _____ TA0OUT to TA4OUT, KI0 to KI3, RXD0 to RXD2, SIN3 to SIN6 _____________ RESET VT+-V T- Hysteresis V 0.2 1.8 P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, VI = 3.3 V IIH A HIGH input 4.0 P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, current P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_7, P9_0 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1, ____________ XIN, RESET, CNVSS, BYTE IIL P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, VI = 0 V LOW input -4.0 A P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, current P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_7, P9_0 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1, ____________ XIN, RESET, CNVSS, BYTE RPULLUP Pull-up P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, VI = 0 V 50 k 100 500 resistance P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0, P7_2 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0, P9_2 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1 RfXIN Feedback resistance XIN M 3.0 RfXCIN Feedback resistance XCIN M 25 VRAM RAM retention voltage V 2.0 At stop mode NOTES: 1. Referenced to VCC = 3.0 to 3.6 V, VSS = 0 V at Topr = -40 to 85C, f(BCLK) = 24 MHz unless otherwise specified. ________ ________ 2. P11 to P14, INT6 to INT8, CLK5, CLK6, SIN5, and SIN6 are only in the 128-pin version. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 313 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Timing Requirements VCC (Referenced to VCC = 3.3 V, VSS = 0 V, at Topr = -40 to 85C unless otherwise specified) = 3.3 V Table 22.29 External Clock Input (XIN Input) Symbol Parameter tC External clock input cycle time tw(H) External clock input HIGH pulse width tw(L) External clock input LOW pulse width tr External clock rise time tf External clock fall time Standard Min. Max. 62.5 25 25 15 15 Unit ns ns ns ns ns Table 22.30 Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode Symbol Parameter tac1(RD-DB) Data input access time (for setting with no wait) tac2(RD-DB) tac3(RD-DB) Data input access time (for setting with wait) tsu(DB-RD) tsu(RDY-BCLK) Data input setup time Standard Unit Min. Max. (NOTE 1) ns (NOTE 2) ns (NOTE 3) Data input access time (when accessing multiplexed bus area) 50 40 ________ RDY input setup time __________ tsu(HOLD-BCLK) HOLD input setup time th(RD-DB) Data input hold time ________ th(BCLK-RDY) RDY input hold time __________ th(BCLK-HOLD) HOLD input hold time 50 0 0 0 ns ns ns ns ns ns ns NOTES: 1. Calculated according to the BCLK frequency as follows: 0.5 10 - 60 [ns] f(BCLK) 9 2. Calculated according to the BCLK frequency as follows: (n -0.5) 10 f(BCLK) 9 - 60 [ns] n is "2" for 1-wait setting, "3" for 2-wait setting and "4" for 3-wait setting. 3. Calculated according to the BCLK frequency as follows: (n -0.5) 109 - 60 [ns] f(BCLK) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 314 of 378 n is "2" for 2-wait setting, "3" for 3-wait setting. M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Timing Requirements VCC (Referenced to VCC = 3.3 V, VSS = 0 V, at Topr = -40 to 85C unless otherwise specified) = 3.3 V Table 22.31 Timer A Input (Counter Input in Event Counter Mode) Parameter Symbol tc(TA) TAiIN input cycle time tw(TAH) TAiIN input HIGH pulse width tw(TAL) TAiIN input LOW pulse width Standard Min. Max. 150 60 60 Unit ns ns ns Table 22.32 Timer A Input (Gating Input in Timer Mode) Parameter Symbol tc(TA) TAiIN input cycle time tw(TAH) TAiIN input HIGH pulse width tw(TAL) TAiIN input LOW pulse width Standard Min. Max. 600 300 300 Unit ns ns ns Table 22.33 Timer A Input (External Trigger Input in One-shot Timer Mode) Symbol Parameter tc(TA) TAiIN input cycle time tw(TAH) TAiIN input HIGH pulse width tw(TAL) TAiIN input LOW pulse width Standard Min. Max. 300 150 150 Unit ns ns ns Table 22.34 Timer A Input (External Trigger Input in Pulse Width Modulation Mode) tw(TAH) TAiIN input HIGH pulse width Standard Min. Max. 150 tw(TAL) TAiIN input LOW pulse width 150 Symbol Parameter Unit ns ns Table 22.35 Timer A Input (Counter Increment/decrement Input in Event Counter Mode) Symbol Parameter Standard Min. Max. 3000 1500 tc(UP) TAiOUT input cycle time tw(UPH) TAiOUT input HIGH pulse width tw(UPL) TAiOUT input LOW pulse width tsu(UP-TIN) TAiOUT input setup time 1500 600 th(TIN-UP) TAiOUT input hold time 600 Unit ns ns ns ns ns Table 22.36 Timer A Input (Two-phase Pulse Input in Event Counter Mode) Symbol Parameter tc(TA) TAiIN input cycle time tsu(TAIN-TAOUT) TAiOUT input setup time tsu(TAOUT-TAIN) TAiIN input setup time Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 315 of 378 Standard Max. Min. 2 500 500 Unit s ns ns M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Timing Requirements VCC (Referenced to VCC = 3.3 V, VSS = 0 V, at Topr = -40 to 85C unless otherwise specified) = 3.3 V Table 22.37 Timer B Input (Counter Input in Event Counter Mode) Symbol tc(TB) tw(TBH) tw(TBL) tc(TB) tw(TBH) tw(TBL) Parameter TBiIN input cycle time (counted on one edge) TBiIN input HIGH pulse width (counted on one edge) TBiIN input LOW pulse width (counted on one edge) Standard Min. Max. 150 60 60 TBiIN input HIGH pulse width (counted on both edges) 300 120 TBiIN input LOW pulse width (counted on both edges) 120 TBiIN input cycle time (counted on both edges) Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns Table 22.38 Timer B Input (Pulse Period Measurement Mode) TBiIN input HIGH pulse width Standard Min. Max. 600 300 TBiIN input LOW pulse width 300 Symbol tc(TB) tw(TBH) tw(TBL) Parameter TBiIN input cycle time Unit ns ns ns Table 22.39 Timer B Input (Pulse Width Measurement Mode) Symbol tc(TB) tw(TBH) tw(TBL) Parameter TBiIN input cycle time TBiIN input HIGH pulse width Standard Min. Max. 600 300 300 TBiIN input LOW pulse width Unit ns ns ns Table 22.40 A/D Trigger Input Symbol tC(AD) tw(ADL) Parameter _____________ ADTRG input cycle time (trigger able minimum) Standard Min. Max. 1500 _____________ ADTRG input LOW pulse width 200 Unit ns ns Table 22.41 Serial Interface CLKi input HIGH pulse width Standard Min. Max. 300 150 CLKi input LOW pulse width 150 Symbol tc(CK) tw(CKH) tw(CKL) td(C-Q) th(C-Q) tsu(D-C) th(C-D) Parameter CLKi input cycle time 160 TXDi output delay time RXDi input setup time 0 100 RXDi input hold time 90 TXDi hold time Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns ns _______ Table 22.42 External Interrupt INTi Input Symbol tw(INH) tw(INL) Parameter _______ INTi input HIGH pulse width _______ INTi input LOW pulse width Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 316 of 378 Standard Min. Max. 380 380 Unit ns ns M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Switching Characteristics VCC (Referenced to VCC = 3.3 V, VSS = 0 V, at Topr = -40 to 85 C unless otherwise specified) = 3.3 V Table 22.43 Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (for setting with no wait) Symbol Measuring Condition Parameter td(BCLK-AD) th(BCLK-AD) th(RD-AD) th(WR-AD) td(BCLK-CS) th(BCLK-CS) td(BCLK-ALE) th(BCLK-ALE) td(BCLK-RD) th(BCLK-RD) td(BCLK-WR) th(BCLK-WR) td(BCLK-DB) th(BCLK-DB) td(DB-WR) th(WR-DB) Address output delay time Figure 22.12 Address output hold time (in relation to BCLK) Standard Min. Max. 30 Address output hold time (in relation to RD) 0 Address output hold time (in relation to WR) (NOTE 1) Chip select output delay time ALE signal output delay time 25 ns ns 30 ns ns -4 RD signal output delay time RD signal output hold time ns 0 WR signal output delay time 30 WR signal output hold time Data output hold time (in relation to BCLK) 40 (3) Data output delay time (in relation to WR) (3) ns 4 ns (NOTE 2) ns (NOTE 1) __________ td(BCLK-HLDA) ns ns 0 Data output delay time (in relation to BCLK) Data output hold time (in relation to WR) 30 ns ns 4 ALE signal output hold time ns ns ns 4 Chip select output hold time (in relation to BCLK) Unit HLDA output delay time 40 ns ns NOTES: 1. Calculated according to the BCLK frequency as follows: 0.5 10 - 10 [ns] f(BCLK) 9 2. Calculated according to the BCLK frequency as follows: 0.5 10 - 40 [ns] f(BCLK) 9 f(BCLK) is 12.5 MHz or less. 3. This standard value shows the timing when the output is off, and does not show hold time of data bus. Hold time of data bus varies with capacitor volume and pull-up (pull-down) resistance value. Hold time of data bus is expressed in t = - CR ln (1 - VOL / VCC) by a circuit of the right figure. For example, when VOL = 0.2 VCC, C = 30 pF, R =1 k, hold time of output "L" level is t = - 30 pF 1 k ln (1 - 0.2 VCC / VCC) = 6.7 ns. R DBi C P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 P10 P11 P12 P13 P14 30 pF NOTE: 1. P11 to P14 are only in the 128-pin version. Figure 22.12 Port P0 to P14 Measurement Circuit Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 317 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Switching Characteristics VCC (Referenced to VCC = 3.3 V, VSS = 0 V, at Topr = -40 to 85 C unless otherwise specified) = 3.3 V Table 22.44 Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (for 1- to 3-wait setting and external area access) Symbol Measuring Condition Parameter td(BCLK-AD) th(BCLK-AD) th(RD-AD) th(WR-AD) td(BCLK-CS) th(BCLK-CS) td(BCLK-ALE) th(BCLK-ALE) td(BCLK-RD) th(BCLK-RD) td(BCLK-WR) th(BCLK-WR) td(BCLK-DB) th(BCLK-DB) td(DB-WR) th(WR-DB) Address output delay time Figure 22.12 Address output hold time (in relation to BCLK) Standard Min. Max. 30 Address output hold time (in relation to RD) 0 Address output hold time (in relation to WR) (NOTE 1) Chip select output delay time 30 ns ns 25 ns ns 30 ns ns 30 ns ns 40 ns ns 4 ALE signal output delay time ALE signal output hold time -4 RD signal output delay time RD signal output hold time 0 WR signal output delay time WR signal output hold time 0 Data output delay time (in relation to BCLK) Data output hold time (in relation to BCLK) (3) Data output hold time (in relation to WR) ns ns 4 Data output delay time (in relation to WR) (NOTE 2) (3) ns ns ns 4 Chip select output hold time (in relation to BCLK) Unit ns (NOTE 1) __________ td(BCLK-HLDA) HLDA output delay time 40 ns NOTES: 1. Calculated according to the BCLK frequency as follows: 0.5 10 - 10 [ns] f(BCLK) 9 2. Calculated according to the BCLK frequency as follows: (n - 0.5) 10 - 40 [ns] f(BCLK) 9 n is "1" for 1-wait setting, "2" for 2-wait setting and "3" for 3-wait setting. When n = 1, f(BCLK) is 12.5 MHz or less. 3. This standard value shows the timing when the output is off, and does not show hold time of data bus. Hold time of data bus varies with capacitor volume and pull-up (pull-down) resistance value. Hold time of data bus is expressed in t = - CR ln (1 - VOL / VCC) by a circuit of the right figure. For example, when VOL = 0.2 VCC, C = 30 pF, R =1 k, hold time of output "L" level is t = - 30 pF 1 k ln (1 - 0.2 VCC / VCC) = 6.7 ns. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 318 of 378 R DBi C M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Switching Characteristics VCC (Referenced to VCC = 3.3 V, VSS = 0 V, at Topr = -40 to 85 C unless otherwise specified) = 3.3 V Table 22.45 Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (for 2- to 3-wait setting, external area access and multiplexed bus selection) Symbol Parameter td(BCLK-AD) th(BCLK-AD) th(RD-AD) th(WR-AD) td(BCLK-CS) th(BCLK-CS) th(RD-CS) th(WR-CS) td(BCLK-RD) th(BCLK-RD) td(BCLK-WR) th(BCLK-WR) td(BCLK-DB) th(BCLK-DB) td(DB-WR) th(WR-DB) Address output delay time Measuring Condition Figure 22.12 Standard Min. Max. 50 Address output hold time (in relation to BCLK) (NOTE 1) Address output hold time (in relation to WR) (NOTE 1) Chip select output delay time 50 Chip select output hold time (in relation to BCLK) (NOTE 1) Chip select output hold time (in relation to WR) (NOTE 1) RD signal output delay time ns 40 RD signal output hold time 40 WR signal output hold time ns ns 0 Data output delay time (in relation to BCLK) ns ns 0 WR signal output delay time ns ns ns ns 4 Chip select output hold time (in relation to RD) ns ns ns 4 Address output hold time (in relation to RD) Unit 50 ns Data output hold time (in relation to BCLK) 4 ns Data output delay time (in relation to WR) (NOTE 2) ns Data output hold time (in relation to WR) (NOTE 1) ns __________ td(BCLK-HLDA) HLDA output delay time td(BCLK-ALE) th(BCLK-ALE) td(AD-ALE) th(ALE-AD) td(AD-RD) td(AD-WR) tdZ(RD-AD) ALE signal output delay time (in relation to BCLK) 40 ns 25 ns -4 ns ALE signal output delay time (in relation to Address) (NOTE 3) ns ALE signal output hold time (rin relation to Address) (NOTE 4) ns RD signal output delay from the end of Address 0 ns WR signal output delay from the end of Address 0 ALE signal output hold time (in relation to BCLK) Address output floating start time NOTES: 1. Calculated according to the BCLK frequency as follows: 0.5 109 - 10 [ns] f(BCLK) 2. Calculated according to the BCLK frequency as follows: (n -0.5) 10 f(BCLK) 9 - 50 [ns] n is "2" for 2-wait setting, "3" for 3-wait setting. 3. Calculated according to the BCLK frequency as follows: 0.5 10 - 40 [ns] f(BCLK) 9 4. Calculated according to the BCLK frequency as follows: 0.5 109 - 15 [ns] f(BCLK) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 319 of 378 ns 8 ns M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) VCC = 3.3 V XIN input tr tr tw(H) tw(L) tc tc(TA) tw(TAH) TAiIN input tw(TAL) tc(UP) tw(UPH) TAiOUT input tw(UPL) TAiOUT input (Up/down input) During event counter mode TAiIN input (When count on falling edge is selected) th(TIN--UP) tsu(UP--TIN) TAiIN input (When count on rising edge is selected) Two-phase pulse input in event counter mode tC(TA) TAiIN input tsu(TAIN--TAOUT) tsu(TAIN--TAOUT) tsu(TAOUT--TAIN) TAiOUT input tsu(TAOUT--TAIN) tc(TB) tw(TBH) TBiIN input tw(TBL) tc(AD) tw(ADL) ADTRG input tc(CK) tw(CKH) CLKi tw(CKL) th(C--Q) TXDi td(C--Q) tsu(D--C) RXDi tw(INL) INTi input tw(INH) Figure 22.13 Timing Diagram (1) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 320 of 378 th(C--D) M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode VCC = 3.3 V (Effective for setting with wait) BCLK RD (Separate bus) WR, WRL, WRH (Separate bus) RD (Multiplexed bus) WR, WRL, WRH (Multiplexed bus) RDY input tsu(RDY-BCLK) th(BCLK-RDY) (Common to setting with wait and setting without wait) BCLK tsu(HOLD-BCLK) th(BCLK-HOLD) HOLD input HLDA output td(BCLK-HLDA) P0, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5_0 to P5_2 (1) td(BCLK-HLDA) Hi-Z NOTE: 1. The above pins are set to high-impedance regardless of the input level of the BYTE pin, the PM06 bit in the PM0 register, and the PM11 bit in the PM1 register. Measuring conditions : VCC = 3.3 V Input timing voltage : Determined with VIL = 0.6 V, VIH = 2.7 V Output timing voltage: Determined with VOL = 1.65 V, VOH = 1.65 V Figure 22.14 Timing Diagram (2) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 321 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (For setting with no wait) Read timing BCLK td(BCLK-CS) th(BCLK-CS) 30ns.max 4ns.min CSi tcyc td(BCLK-AD) th(BCLK-AD) 30ns.max 4ns.min ADi BHE td(BCLK-ALE) th(BCLK-ALE) -4ns.min 30ns.max th(RD-AD) 0ns.min ALE td(BCLK-RD) 30ns.max th(BCLK-RD) 0ns.min RD tac1(RD-DB) (0.5 tcyc-60)ns.max Hi-Z DBi tSU(DB-RD) 50ns.min th(RD-DB) 0ns.min Write timing BCLK td(BCLK-CS) th(BCLK-CS) 30ns.max 4ns.min CSi tcyc td(BCLK-AD) th(BCLK-AD) 30ns.max 4ns.min ADi BHE td(BCLK-ALE) th(BCLK-ALE) 30ns.max th(WR-AD) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min -4ns.min ALE td(BCLK-WR) 30ns.max th(BCLK-WR) 0ns.min WR,WRL, WRH td(BCLK-DB) th(BCLK-DB) 4ns.min 40ns.max Hi-Z DBi td(DB-WR) Measuring conditions : VCC = 3.3 V Input timing voltage : VIL = 0.6 V, VIH = 2.7 V Output timing voltage : VOL = 1.65 V, VOH = 1.65 V Figure 22.15 Timing Diagram (3) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 th(WR-DB) (0.5 tcyc-40)ns.min (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min 1 tcyc = f(BCLK) page 322 of 378 VCC = 3.3 V M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (For 1-wait setting and external area access) Read timing BCLK td(BCLK-CS) th(BCLK-CS) 30ns.max 4ns.min CSi tcyc td(BCLK-AD) th(BCLK-AD) 30ns.max 4ns.min ADi BHE td(BCLK-ALE) th(RD-AD) th(BCLK-ALE) 0ns.min -4ns.min 30ns.max ALE td(BCLK-RD) th(BCLK-RD) 0ns.min 30ns.max RD tac2(RD-DB) (1.5 tcyc-60)ns.max DBi Hi-Z th(RD-DB) tSU(DB-RD) 0ns.min 50ns.min Write timing BCLK td(BCLK-CS) th(BCLK-CS) 30ns.max 4ns.min CSi tcyc td(BCLK-AD) th(BCLK-AD) 30ns.max 4ns.min ADi BHE td(BCLK-ALE) th(BCLK-ALE) th(WR-AD) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min -4ns.min 30ns.max ALE td(BCLK-WR) 30ns.max th(BCLK-WR) 0ns.min WR,WRL, WRH td(BCLK-DB) th(BCLK-DB) 4ns.min 40ns.max Hi-Z DBi td(DB-WR) tcyc = (0.5 tcyc-40)ns.min 1 f(BCLK) Measuring conditions : VCC = 3.3 V Input timing voltage : VIL = 0.6 V, VIH = 2.7 V Output timing voltage : VOL = 1.65 V, VOH = 1.65 V Figure 22.16 Timing Diagram (4) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 323 of 378 th(WR-DB) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min VCC = 3.3 V M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (For 2-wait setting and external area access) Read timing tcyc BCLK th(BCLK-CS) 4ns.min td(BCLK-CS) 30ns.max CSi th(BCLK-AD) 4ns.min td(BCLK-AD) 30ns.max ADi BHE td(BCLK-ALE) 30ns.max th(RD-AD) 0ns.min th(BCLK-ALE) -4ns.min ALE th(BCLK-RD) 0ns.min td(BCLK-RD) 30ns.max RD tac2(RD-DB) (2.5 tcyc-60)ns.max DBi Hi-Z tSU(DB-RD) 50ns.min th(RD-DB) 0ns.min Write timing tcyc BCLK td(BCLK-CS) 30ns.max th(BCLK-CS) 4ns.min td(BCLK-AD) 30ns.max th(BCLK-AD) 4ns.min CSi ADi BHE td(BCLK-ALE) 30ns.max th(WR-AD) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min th(BCLK-ALE) -4ns.min ALE td(BCLK-WR) 30ns.max th(BCLK-WR) 0ns.min WR, WRL WRH td(BCLK-DB) 40ns.max DBi Hi-Z td(DB-WR) (1.5 tcyc-40)ns.min tcyc = th(BCLK-DB) 4ns.min 1 f(BCLK) Measuring conditions : VCC = 3.3 V Input timing voltage : VIL = 0.6 V, VIH = 2.7 V Output timing voltage : VOL = 1.65 V, VOH = 1.65 V Figure 22.17 Timing Diagram (5) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 324 of 378 th(WR-DB) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min VCC = 3.3 V M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) VCC = 3.3 V Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (For 3-wait setting and external area access) Read timing tcyc BCLK th(BCLK-CS) 4ns.min td(BCLK-CS) 30ns.max CSi th(BCLK-AD) 4ns.min td(BCLK-AD) 30ns.max ADi BHE td(BCLK-ALE) 30ns.max th(RD-AD) 0ns.min th(BCLK-ALE) -4ns.min ALE th(BCLK-RD) 0ns.min td(BCLK-RD) 30ns.max RD tac2(RD-DB) (3.5 tcyc-60)ns.max DBi Hi-Z tSU(DB-RD) th(RD-DB) 0ns.min 50ns.min Write timing tcyc BCLK td(BCLK-CS) 30ns.max th(BCLK-CS) 4ns.min td(BCLK-AD) 30ns.max th(BCLK-AD) 4ns.min CSi ADi BHE td(BCLK-ALE) 30ns.max th(WR-AD) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min th(BCLK-ALE) -4ns.min ALE td(BCLK-WR) 30ns.max th(BCLK-WR) 0ns.min WR, WRL WRH td(BCLK-DB) 40ns.max DBi Hi-Z td(DB-WR) (2.5 tcyc-40)ns.min 1 tcyc = f(BCLK) Measuring conditions : VCC = 3.3 V Input timing voltage : VIL = 0.6 V, VIH = 2.7 V Output timing voltage : VOL = 1.65 V, VOH = 1.65 V Figure 22.18 Timing Diagram (6) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 th(BCLK-DB) 4ns.min page 325 of 378 th(WR-DB) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) VCC = 3.3 V Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (For 2-wait setting, external area access and multiplexed bus selection) Read timing BCLK td(BCLK-CS) th(RD-CS) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min tcyc 40ns.max th(BCLK-CS) 4ns.min CSi td(AD-ALE) (0.5 tcyc-40)ns.min ADi /DBi Address th(ALE-AD) (0.5 tcyc-15)ns.min 8ns.max Address Data input tdZ(RD-AD) tac3(RD-DB) (1.5 tcyc-60)ns.max tSU(DB-RD) th(RD-DB) 0ns.min 50ns.min td(AD-RD) 0ns.min td(BCLK-AD) th(BCLK-AD) 4ns.min 40ns.max ADi BHE td(BCLK-ALE) th(BCLK-ALE) 40ns.max th(RD-AD) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min -4ns.min ALE td(BCLK-RD) th(BCLK-RD) 0ns.min 40ns.max RD Write timing BCLK td(BCLK-CS) th(BCLK-CS) th(WR-CS) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min tcyc 40ns.max 4ns.min CSi th(BCLK-DB) td(BCLK-DB) 4ns.min 50ns.max ADi /DBi Address Data output td(DB-WR) td(AD-ALE) (1.5 tcyc-50)ns.min (0.5 tcyc-40)ns.min Address th(WR-DB) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min td(BCLK-AD) th(BCLK-AD) 40ns.max 4ns.min ADi BHE td(BCLK-ALE) th(BCLK-ALE) td(AD-WR) -4ns.min 0ns.min 40ns.max th(WR-AD) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min ALE td(BCLK-WR) 40ns.max WR,WRL, WRH tcyc = 1 f(BCLK) Measuring conditions : VCC = 3.3 V Input timing voltage : VIL = 0.6 V, VIH = 2.7 V Output timing voltage : VOL = 1.65 V, VOH = 1.65 V Figure 22.19 Timing Diagram (7) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 326 of 378 th(BCLK-WR) 0ns.min M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (Normal-ver.) Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode VCC = 3.3 V (For 3-wait setting, external area access and multiplexed bus selection) Read timing tcyc BCLK th(RD-CS) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min td(BCLK-CS) th(BCLK-CS) 6ns.min 40ns.max CSi td(AD-ALE) (0.5 tcyc-40)ns.min ADi /DBi th(ALE-AD) (0.5 tcyc-15)ns.min Address td(BCLK-AD) td(AD-RD) 40ns.max ADi BHE Data input tdZ(RD-AD) 8ns.max tac3(RD-DB) (2.5 tcyc-60)ns.max 0ns.min tSU(DB-RD) th(RD-DB) 0ns.min th(BCLK-AD) 4ns.min 50ns.min (no multiplex) td(BCLK-ALE) 40ns.max th(RD-AD) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min th(BCLK-ALE) -4ns.min ALE th(BCLK-RD) 0ns.min td(BCLK-RD) 40ns.max RD Write timing tcyc BCLK th(WR-CS) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min td(BCLK-CS) 40ns.max th(BCLK-CS) 4ns.min CSi th(BCLK-DB) 4ns.min td(BCLK-DB) 50ns.max ADi /DBi Address Data output td(AD-ALE) td(DB-WR) (0.5 tcyc-40)ns.min (2.5 tcyc-50)ns.min th(WR-DB) (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min td(BCLK-AD) 40ns.max th(BCLK-AD) 4ns.min ADi BHE (no multiplex) td(BCLK-ALE) 40ns.max th(BCLK-ALE) th(WR-AD) -4ns.min td(AD-WR) ALE td(BCLK-WR) 40ns.max WR, WRL WRH tcyc = (0.5 tcyc-10)ns.min 0ns.min 1 f(BCLK) Measuring conditions : VCC = 3.3 V Input timing voltage : VIL = 0.6 V, VIH = 2.7 V Output timing voltage : VOL = 1.65 V, VOH = 1.65 V Figure 22.20 Timing Diagram (8) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 327 of 378 th(BCLK-WR) 0ns.min M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (T/V-ver.) 22.2 Electrical Characteristics (T/V-ver.) Table 22.46 Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol Parameter Condition Rated Value Unit VCC Supply voltage (VCC1 = VCC2) VCC = AVCC -0.3 to 6.5 V AVCC Analog supply voltage VCC = AVCC -0.3 to 6.5 V -0.3 to VCC+0.3 V -0.3 to 6.5 V -0.3 to VCC+0.3 V -0.3 to 6.5 V 700 mW _____________ VI Input RESET, CNVSS, BYTE, voltage P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0, P7_2 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_7, P9_0, P9_2 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1, VREF, XIN P7_1, P9_1 VO Output P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, voltage P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0, P7_2 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0, P9_2 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1, XOUT P7_1, P9_1 Pd Power dissipation Topr Operating ambient During MCU operation T version: -40 to 85 temperature V version: -40 to 125 (option) Topr = 25C During flash memory program and erase operation Storage temperature Tstg option: All options are on request basis. NOTE: 1. Ports P11 to P14 are only in the 128-pin version. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 328 of 378 C 0 to 60 -65 to 150 C M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (T/V-ver.) Table 22.47 Recommended Operating Conditions (1) Symbol (1) Parameter VCC Supply voltage (VCC1 = VCC2) AVCC Analog supply voltage VSS Supply voltage AVSS Analog supply voltage VIH HIGH input voltage Min. 4.2 Standard Max. Typ. 5.0 VCC Unit 5.5 0 0 P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, P3_0 to P3_7, 0.8 VCC P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0, P7_2 to P7_7, V V V V VCC V 6.5 0.2 VCC V -10.0 mA -5.0 mA 10.0 mA 5.0 mA P8_0 to P8_7, P9_0, P9_2 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, _____________ P14_0, P14_1, XIN, RESET, CNVSS, BYTE P7_1, P9_1 VIL LOW input voltage P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0 to P7_7, 0.8 VCC 0 V P8_0 to P8_7, P9_0 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, _____________ P14_0, P14_1, XIN, RESET, CNVSS, BYTE IOH(peak) HIGH peak P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, P3_0 to P3_7, output current P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0, P7_2 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0, P9_2 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1 IOH(avg) HIGH average P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, P3_0 to P3_7, output current P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0, P7_2 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0, P9_2 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1 IOL(peak) LOW peak P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, P3_0 to P3_7, output current P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1 IOL(avg) LOW average P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, P3_0 to P3_7, output current P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1 NOTES: 1. Referenced to VCC = 4.2 to 5.5 V at Topr = -40 to 85C unless otherwise specified. 2. Average output current values during 100 ms period. 3. The total IOL(peak) for ports P0, P1, P2, P8_6, P8_7, P9, P10, P11, P14_0, and P14_1 must be 80 mA max. The total IOL(peak) for ports P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8_0 to P8_4, P12, and P13 must be 80 mA max. The total IOH(peak) for ports P0, P1, and P2 must be -40 mA max. The total IOH(peak) for ports P3, P4, P5, P12, and P13 must be -40 mA max. The total IOH(peak) for ports P6, P7, and P8_0 to P8_4 must be -40 mA max. The total IOH(peak) for ports P8_6, P8_7, P9, P10, P11, P14_0, and P14_1 must be -40 mA max. 4. P11 to P14 are only in the 128-pin version. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 329 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (T/V-ver.) Table 22.48 Recommended Operating Conditions (2) Symbol f(XIN) (1) Parameter Main clock input oscillation No wait Flash memory frequency (2) (3) (4) Min. VCC = 4.2 to 5.5 V Standard Max. Typ. 0 Unit 16 MHz 50 kHz version f(XCIN) Sub clock oscillation frequency f(Ring) On-chip oscillation frequency f(PLL) PLL clock oscillation frequency f(BCLK) CPU operation clock tsu(PLL) PLL frequency synthesizer stabilization wait time 20 ms f(ripple) Power supply ripple allowable frequency (VCC) 10 kHz VP-P(ripple) Power supply ripple allowable amplitude voltage VCC = 5 V VCC(|V/T|) Power supply ripple rising/falling gradient VCC = 5 V 0.5 0.3 V/ms 32.768 1 NOTES: 1. Referenced to VCC = 4.2 to 5.5 V at Topr = -40 to 85C unless otherwise specified. 2. Relationship between main clock oscillation frequency and supply voltage is shown right. 3. Execute program/erase of flash memory by VCC = 5.0 0.5 V. 4. When using over 16 MHz, use PLL clock. PLL clock oscillation frequency which can be used is 16 MHz or 20 MHz. f(ripple) Power supply ripple allowable frequency (VCC) VP-P(ripple) Power supply ripple allowable amplitude voltage page 330 of 378 20 MHz 0 20 MHz V Main clock input oscillation frequency (Flash memory version: no wait) 16.0 0.0 4.2 5.5 VCC [V] (main clock: no division) f(ripple) VCC Figure 22.21 Voltage Fluctuation Timing Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 f(XIN) operating maximum frequency [MHz] VCC = 4.2 to 5.5 V MHz 16 VP-P(ripple) M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Table 22.49 Electrical Characteristics (1) (1) Parameter Symbol VOH 22. Electric Characteristics (T/V-ver.) HIGH output voltage P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0, P7_2 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0, P9_2 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1 P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, VOH HIGH output voltage P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0, P7_2 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0, P9_2 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1 XOUT HIGHPOWER VOH HIGH output voltage LOWPOWER XCOUT HIGHPOWER HIGH output voltage LOWPOWER P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, VOL LOW output voltage P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1 P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, VOL LOW output voltage P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1 XOUT HIGHPOWER VOL LOW output voltage LOWPOWER XCOUT HIGHPOWER LOW output voltage LOWPOWER _________ _________ TA0IN to TA4IN, TB0IN to TB5IN, INT0 to INT8, VT+-V T- Hysteresis ________ ______________ __________ __________ NMI, ADTRG, CTS0 to CTS2, SCL0 to SCL2, SDA0 to______ SDA2, CLK0 to CLK6, TA0OUT to TA4OUT, ______ KI0 to KI3, RXD0 to RXD2, SIN3 to SIN6 _____________ VT+-V T- Hysteresis RESET P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, IIH HIGH input P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, current P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_7, P9_0 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0____________ to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1, XIN, RESET, CNVSS, BYTE P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, IIL LOW input P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, current P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_7, P9_0 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0____________ to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1, XIN, RESET, CNVSS, BYTE RPULLUP Pull-up P0_0 to P0_7, P1_0 to P1_7, P2_0 to P2_7, P3_0 to P3_7, P4_0 to P4_7, P5_0 to P5_7, resistance P6_0 to P6_7, P7_0, P7_2 to P7_7, P8_0 to P8_4, P8_6, P8_7, P9_0, P9_2 to P9_7, P10_0 to P10_7, P11_0 to P11_7, P12_0 to P12_7, P13_0 to P13_7, P14_0, P14_1 RfXIN Feedback resistance XIN RfXCIN Feedback resistance XCIN VRAM RAM retention voltage IOH = -5 mA Standard Min. Typ. Max. VCC VCC-2.0 IOH = -200 A VCC-0.3 VCC V 3.0 3.0 VCC VCC V Measuring Condition IOH = -1 mA IOH = -0.5 mA With no load applied With no load applied IOL = 5 mA 2.5 1.6 Unit V V 2.0 V IOL = 200 A 0.45 V IOL = 1 mA IOL = 0.5 mA With no load applied With no load applied 2.0 2.0 V 0 0 V 0.2 1.0 V 0.2 VI = 5 V 2.5 5.0 V A VI = 0 V -5.0 A 170 k VI = 0 V 30 50 1.5 15 At stop mode 2.0 M M V NOTES: 1. Referenced to VCC =________ 4.2 to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V at Topr = -40 to 85C, f(BCLK) = 20 MHz unless otherwise specified. ________ 2. P11 to P14, INT6 to INT8, CLK5, CLK6, SIN5, and SIN6 are only in the 128-pin version. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 331 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Table 22.50 Electrical Characteristics (2) Symbol ICC 22. Electric Characteristics (T/V-ver.) (1) Parameter Power supply current Measuring Condition Min. Output pins are open Flash memory f(BCLK) = 20 MHz, PLL operation, and other pins are VSS. (VCC = 4.2 to 5.5 V) Standard Typ. Max. 36 21 Unit mA No division On-chip oscillation, No division 1.8 mA Flash memory f(BCLK) = 10 MHz, 15 mA 25 mA 25 A 420 A 50 A 8.5 A 3.0 A Program VCC = 5 V Flash memory f(BCLK) = 10 MHz, Erase VCC = 5 V Flash memory f(BCLK) = 32 kHz, Low power dissipation mode, RAM (2) f(BCLK) = 32 kHz, Low power dissipation mode, Flash memory (2) Flash memory On-chip oscillation, Wait mode f(BCLK) = 32 kHz, Wait mode (3) , Oscillation capacity High f(BCLK) = 32 kHz, Wait mode (3) , Oscillation capacity Low Stop mode, 0.8 3.0 A Topr = 25C NOTES: 1. Referenced to VCC = 4.2 to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V at Topr = -40 to 85C, f(BCLK) = 20 MHz unless otherwise specified. 2. This indicates the memory in which the program to be executed exists. 3. With one timer operated using fC32. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 332 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Table 22.51 A/D Conversion Characteristics Symbol Parameter - Resolution INL integral 10 bits erro 8 bits Absolute (1) Measuring Condition Min. VREF = VCC VREF ANEX0, ANEX1 input, AN0 to AN7 input, Standard Typ. Max. 10 = VCC AN0_0 to AN0_7 input, AN2_0 to AN2_7 input = 5 V External operation amp connection mode nonlinearity - 22. Electric Characteristics (T/V-ver.) 10 bits accuracy VREF = AVCC = VCC = 5 V VREF ANEX0, ANEX1 input, AN0 to AN7 input, Unit Bit 3 LSB 7 LSB 2 LSB 3 LSB = VCC AN0_0 to AN0_7 input, AN2_0 to AN2_7 input = 5 V External operation amp connection mode 7 LSB VREF = AVCC = VCC = 5 V 2 LSB DNL Differential nonlinearity error 1 LSB - Offset error 3 LSB - Gain error 3 LSB RLADDER Resistor ladder VREF = VCC 10 40 k tCONV 10-bit conversion time, VREF = VCC = 5 V, AD = 10 MHz 3.3 s VREF = VCC = 5 V, AD = 10 MHz 2.8 s s 8 bits sample & hold available 8-bit conversion time, sample & hold available tSAMP Sampling time 0.3 VREF Reference voltage 2.0 VCC V VIA Analog input voltage 0 VREF V NOTES: 1. Referenced to VCC = AVCC = VREF = 4.2 to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0 V, -40 to 85C unless otherwise specified. 2. AD frequency must be 10 MHz or less. 3. When sample & hold is disabled, AD frequency must be 250 kHz or more in addition to a limit of NOTE 2. When sample & hold is enabled, AD frequency must be 1 MHz or more in addition to a limit of NOTE 2. Table 22.52 D/A conversion Characteristics Symbol Parameter - Resolution - Absolute accuracy tsu Setup time RO Output tesistance IVREF Reference power supply input current (1) Measuring Condition Min. Standard Typ. Max. 8 1.0 4 (NOTE 2) 10 Unit Bits % 3 s 20 k 1.5 mA NOTES: 1. Referenced to VCC = AVCC = VREF = 4.2 to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0 V, -40 to 85C unless otherwise specified. 2. This applies when using one D/A converter, with the DAi register (i = 0, 1) for the unused D/A converter set to 00h. The resistor ladder of the A/D converter is not included. Also, the IVREF will flow even if VREF is disconnected by the ADCON1 register. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 333 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (T/V-ver.) Table 22.53 Flash Memory Version Electrical Characteristics Parameter Symbol (1) Min. (2) Standard Typ. Max. 25 200 s Unit - Programming and erasure endurance - Word program time (VCC = 5.0 V) - Lock bit program time 25 200 s - Block erase time 4-Kbyte block 0.3 4 s (VCC = 5.0 V) 8-Kbyte block 0.3 4 s 32-Kbyte block 0.5 4 s 64-Kbyte block 0.8 4 100 cycle s 4n - Erase all unlocked blocks time tps Flash memory circuit stabilization wait time (3) s s 15 NOTES: 1. Referenced to VCC = 4.5 to 5.5 V, Topr = 0 to 60C unless otherwise specified. 2. Programming and erasure endurance refers to the number of times a block erase can be performed. If the programming and erasure endurance is n (n = 100), each block can be erased n times. For example, if a 4-Kbyte block A is erased after writing 1 word data 2,048 times, each to a different address, this counts as one programming and erasure endurance. Data cannot be written to the same address more than once without erasing the block (rewrite prohibited). 3. n denotes the number of blocks to erase. Table 22.54 Flash Memory Version Program/Erase Voltage and Read Operation Voltage Characteristics (at Topr = 0 to 60C) Flash Program, Erase Voltage VCC = 5.0 0.5 V Flash Read Operation Voltage VCC = 4.2 to 5.5 V Table 22.55 Power Supply Circuit Timing Characteristics Symbol Measuring Condition Parameter Min. Standard Typ. Max. 2 Unit td(P-R) Time for internal power supply stabilization during powering-on VCC = 4.2 to 5.5 V td(R-S) STOP release time 150 s td(W-S) Low power dissipation mode wait mode release time 150 s td(P-R) Time for internal power supply stabilization during powering-on VCC td(P-R) CPU clock td(R-S) STOP release time Interrupt for (a) Stop mode release or (b) Wait mode release td(W-S) Low power dissipation mode CPU clock wait mode release time (a) (b) Figure 22.22 Power Supply Circuit Timing Diagram Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 334 of 378 td(R-S) td(W-S) ms M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (T/V-ver.) Timing Requirements VCC (Referenced to VCC = 5 V, VSS = 0 V, at Topr = -40 to 85C unless otherwise specified) =5V Table 22.56 External Clock Input (XIN Input) Symbol Parameter Standard Min. Max. 62.5 tC External clock input cycle time tw(H) External clock input HIGH pulse width tw(L) External clock input LOW pulse width tr External clock rise time 15 tf External clock fall time 15 Unit ns ns ns 25 25 ns ns Table 22.57 Timer A Input (Counter Input in Event Counter Mode) Parameter Symbol tc(TA) TAiIN input cycle time tw(TAH) TAiIN input HIGH pulse width tw(TAL) TAiIN input LOW pulse width Standard Min. Max. 100 40 40 Unit ns ns ns Table 22.58 Timer A Input (Gating Input in Timer Mode) Parameter Symbol tc(TA) TAiIN input cycle time tw(TAH) TAiIN input HIGH pulse width tw(TAL) TAiIN input LOW pulse width Standard Min. Max. 400 200 200 Unit ns ns ns Table 22.59 Timer A Input (External Trigger Input in One-shot Timer Mode) tc(TA) TAiIN input cycle time tw(TAH) TAiIN input HIGH pulse width Standard Min. Max. 200 100 tw(TAL) TAiIN input LOW pulse width 100 Symbol Parameter Unit ns ns ns Table 22.60 Timer A Input (External Trigger Input in Pulse Width Modulation Mode) tw(TAH) TAiIN input HIGH pulse width Standard Min. Max. 100 tw(TAL) TAiIN input LOW pulse width 100 Symbol Parameter Unit ns ns Table 22.61 Timer A Input (Counter Increment/decrement Input in Event Counter Mode) Symbol Parameter Standard Min. Max. 2000 1000 tc(UP) TAiOUT input cycle time tw(UPH) TAiOUT input HIGH pulse width tw(UPL) TAiOUT input LOW pulse width tsu(UP-TIN) TAiOUT input setup time 1000 400 TAiOUT input hold time 400 th(TIN-UP) Unit ns ns ns ns ns Table 22.62 Timer A Input (Two-phase Pulse Input in Event Counter Mode) Symbol tc(TA) Parameter TAiIN input cycle time tsu(TAIN-TAOUT) TAiOUT input setup time tsu(TAOUT-TAIN) TAiIN input setup time Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 335 of 378 Standard Max. Min. 800 200 200 Unit ns ns ns M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (T/V-ver.) Timing Requirements VCC (Referenced to VCC = 5 V, VSS = 0 V, at Topr = -40 to 85C unless otherwise specified) =5V Table 22.63 Timer B Input (Counter Input in Event Counter Mode) Symbol tc(TB) tw(TBH) tw(TBL) tc(TB) tw(TBH) tw(TBL) Parameter TBiIN input cycle time (counted on one edge) TBiIN input HIGH pulse width (counted on one edge) TBiIN input LOW pulse width (counted on one edge) Standard Min. Max. 100 40 40 TBiIN input HIGH pulse width (counted on both edges) 200 80 TBiIN input LOW pulse width (counted on both edges) 80 TBiIN input cycle time (counted on both edges) Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns Table 22.64 Timer B Input (Pulse Period Measurement Mode) TBiIN input HIGH pulse width Standard Min. Max. 400 200 TBiIN input LOW pulse width 200 Symbol tc(TB) tw(TBH) tw(TBL) Parameter TBiIN input cycle time Unit ns ns ns Table 22.65 Timer B Input (Pulse Width Measurement Mode) Symbol tc(TB) tw(TBH) tw(TBL) Parameter TBiIN input cycle time TBiIN input HIGH pulse width Standard Min. Max. 400 200 200 TBiIN input LOW pulse width Unit ns ns ns Table 22.66 A/D Trigger Input Symbol tC(AD) tw(ADL) Parameter _____________ ADTRG input cycle time (trigger able minimum) Standard Min. Max. 1000 _____________ ADTRG input LOW pulse width 125 Unit ns ns Table 22.67 Serial Interface CLKi Input HIGH pulse width Standard Min. Max. 200 100 CLKi Input LOW pulse width 100 Symbol tc(CK) tw(CKH) tw(CKL) td(C-Q) th(C-Q) tsu(D-C) th(C-D) Parameter CLKi Input cycle time 80 TXDi output delay time RXDi input setup time 0 70 RXDi input hold time 90 TXDi hold time Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns ns _______ Table 22.68 External Interrupt INTi Input Symbol tw(INH) tw(INL) Parameter _______ INTi input HIGH pulse width _______ INTi input LOW pulse width Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 336 of 378 Standard Min. Max. 250 250 Unit ns ns M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 22. Electric Characteristics (T/V-ver.) VCC = 5 V XIN input tr tr tw(H) tw(L) tc tc(TA) tw(TAH) TAiIN input tw(TAL) tc(UP) tw(UPH) TAiOUT input tw(UPL) TAiOUT input (Up/down input) During event counter mode TAiIN input (When count on falling edge is selected) th(TIN--UP) tsu(UP--TIN) TAiIN input (When count on rising edge is selected) Two-phase pulse input in event counter mode tC(TA) TAiIN input tsu(TAIN--TAOUT) tsu(TAIN--TAOUT) tsu(TAOUT--TAIN) TAiOUT input tsu(TAOUT--TAIN) tc(TB) tw(TBH) TBiIN input tw(TBL) tc(AD) tw(ADL) ADTRG input tc(CK) tw(CKH) CLKi tw(CKL) th(C--Q) TXDi td(C--Q) tsu(D--C) RXDi tw(INL) INTi input tw(INH) Figure 22.23 Timing Diagram Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 337 of 378 th(C--D) M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23. Usage Notes 23.1 SFRs There are the SFRs with write-only bits which can only be written to. Set these registers with undefined values. When establishing the next value by altering the present value, write the present value to the RAM as well as to the register. Transfer the next value to the register after making changes in the RAM. Table 23.1 lists Registers with Write-only Bits. Table 23.1 Registers with Write-only Bits Register Name Watchdog Timer Start Register Timer A1-1 Register Timer A2-1 Register Timer A4-1 Register Dead Time Timer Timer B2 Interrupt Generation Frequency Set Counter (1) SI/O6 Bit Rate Register SI/O3 Bit Rate Register SI/O4 Bit Rate Register (1) SI/O5 Bit Rate Register UART2 Bit Rate Register UART2 Transmit Buffer Register Up-Down Flag Timer A0 Register Timer A1 Register Timer A2 Register Timer A3 Register Timer A4 Register UART0 Bit Rate Register UART0 Transmit Buffer Register UART1 Bit Rate Register UART1 Transmit Buffer Register Symbol WDTS TA11 TA21 TA41 DTT ICTB2 S6BRG S3BRG S4BRG S5BRG U2BRG U2TB UDF TA0 TA1 TA2 TA3 TA4 U0BRG U0TB U1BRG U1TB NOTE: 1. These registers are only in the 128-pin version. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 338 of 378 Address 000Eh 01C3h, 01C2h 01C5h, 01C4h 01C7h, 01C6h 01CCh 01CDh 01D9h 01E3h 01E7h 01EBh 01F9h 01FBh, 01FAh 0384h 0387h, 0386h 0389h, 0388h 038Bh, 038Ah 038Dh, 038Ch 038Fh, 038Eh 03A1h 03A3h, 03A2h 03A9h 03ABh, 03AAh M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23.2 External Bus (Normal-ver. only) When resetting CNVSS pin with "H" input, contents of internal ROM cannot be read out. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 339 of 378 23. Usage Notes M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.3 External Clock Do not stop the external clock when it is connected to the XIN pin and the main clock is selected as the CPU clock. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 340 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.4 PLL Frequency Synthesizer Stabilize supply voltage so that the standard of the power supply ripple is met. (Refer to 22. Electrical characteristics.) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 341 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.5 Power Control ____________ * When exiting stop mode by hardware reset, set RESET pin to "L" until a main clock oscillation is stabilized. * Set the MR0 bit in the TAiMR register (i = 0 to 4) to 0 (pulse is not output) to use the timer A to exit stop mode. * In the main clock oscillation or low power dissipation mode, set the CM02 bit in the CM0 register to 0 (do not stop peripheral function clock in wait mode) before shifting to stop mode. * When entering wait mode, insert a JMP.B instruction before a WAIT instruction. Do not execute any instructions which can generate a write to RAM between the JMP.B and WAIT instructions. Disable the DMA transfers, if a DMA transfer may occur between the JMP.B and WAIT instructions. After the WAIT instruction, insert at least 4 NOP instructions. When entering wait mode, the instruction queue roadstead the instructions following WAIT, and depending on timing, some of these may execute before the microcomputer enters wait mode. Program example when entering wait mode Program Example: JMP.B L1 ; Insert JMP.B instruction before WAIT instruction FSET WAIT NOP NOP NOP NOP I ; ; Enter wait mode ; More than 4 NOP instructions L1: * When entering stop mode, describe as follows. (1) To use the BSET instruction for entering stop mode: Write the BSET instruction (BSET bit, base:16) as described below. When entering stop mode, DMA transfer must be disabled. BSET JMP.B 0,CM1 L1 ; Stop mode setting [bit, base:16] ; L1: NOP NOP NOP NOP ; Countermeasure to avoid the program from ; stopping by reading instruction ahead ; (insert 4 or more NOPs) ; (2) To use the MOV instruction for entering stop mode: Write the MOV instruction (MOV.B #IMM8, abs16) as described below. When entering stop mode, DMA transfer must be disabled. Change the src value (marked as "#21"), depending on your usage condition. MOV.B JMP.B #21H,CM1 ; Stop mode setting [#IMM8, abs16] L1 ; L1: NOP NOP NOP NOP Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 342 of 378 ; Countermeasure to avoid the program from ; stopping by reading instruction ahead ; (insert 4 or more NOPs) ; M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes * When entering medium-speed mode after transferring to stop mode from low-speed mode and low power dissipation mode, write the MOV instruction (MOV.W #IMM16, abs16) as described below. When entering stop mode and exiting from stop mode, DMA transfer must be disabled. Change the src value (marked as "#2118") depending on your usage condition. MOV.W #2118H,CM0 JMP.S L1 ; Stop mode setting [#IMM16, abs16] ; NOP NOP NOP NOP ; Countermeasure to avoid the program from ; stopping by reading instruction ahead ; (insert 4 or more NOPs) ; L1: * Wait until the main clock oscillation stabilizes, before switching the clock source for CPU clock to the main clock. Similarly, wait until the sub clock oscillation stabilizes, before switching the clock source for CPU clock to the sub clock. * Suggestions to reduce power consumption. Ports The processor retains the state of each I/O port even when it goes to wait mode or to stop mode. A current flows in active I/O ports. A pass current flows in input ports that high-impedance state. When entering wait mode or stop mode, set non-used ports to input and stabilize the potential. A/D converter When A/D conversion is not performed, set the VCUT bit in the ADCON1 register to 0 (VREF not connection). When A/D conversion is performed, start the A/D conversion at least 1 s or longer after setting the VCUT bit to 1 (VREF connection). D/A converter When not performing D/A conversion, set the DAiE bit (i = 0, 1) in the DACON register to 0 (input disabled) and DAi register to 00h. Switching the oscillation-driving capacity Set the driving capacity to "LOW" when oscillation is stable. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 343 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.6 Oscillation Stop, Re-oscillation Detection Function If the following conditions are all met, the following restriction occur in operation of oscillation stop, re-oscillation stop detection interrupt. Conditions * CM20 bit in CM2 register =1 (oscillation stop, re-oscillation stop detection function enabled) * CM27 bit in CM2 register =1 (oscillation stop, re-oscillation stop detection interrupt) * CM02 bit in CM0 register =0 (do not stop peripheral function clock in wait mode) * Enter wait mode from high-speed or middle-speed mode Restriction If the oscillation of XIN stops during wait mode, the oscillation stop, re-oscillation stop detection interrupt request is generated after the MCU is exits wait mode, without starting immediately. Figures 23.1 and 23.2 show the Oscillation Stop, Re-oscillation Stop Detection Operation Timing. XIN fRING (1) INT0 input CPU operation Oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection interrupt request Wait mode INT0 interrupt request XIN stops Wait mode is released NOTE: 1. This clock is generated by the on-chip oscillator. It is not supplies after reset. The operating clock can changes from on-chip oscillator clock (on-chip oscillation oscillating) to BCLK by using oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection function or setting the CM21 bit in the CM2 register. Figure 23.1 Oscillation Stop, Re-oscillation Stop Detection ________ Operation Timing at Wait Mode (when moving out of wait mode by using INT0 interrupt) XIN fRING (1) CPU operation Normal processing Oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection interrupt request Normal processing XIN stops NOTE: 1. This clock is generated by the on-chip oscillator. It is not supplies after reset. The operating clock can changes from on-chip oscillator clock (on-chip oscillation oscillating) to BCLK by using oscillation stop, re-oscillation detection function or setting the CM21 bit in the CM2 register. Figure 23.2 Oscillation Stop, Re-oscillation Stop Detection Operation Timing at Normal Processing Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 344 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.7 Protection Set the PRC2 bit in the PRCR register to 1 (write enabled) and then write to given address, and the PRC2 bit will be set to 0 (write protected). The registers protected by the PRC2 bit should be changed in the next instruction after setting the PRC2 bit to 1. Make sure no interrupts or no DMA transfers will occur between the instruction in which the PRC2 bit is set to 1 and the next instruction. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 345 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.8 Interrupts 23.8.1 Reading Address 00000h Do not read the address 00000h in a program. When a maskable interrupt request is accepted, the CPU reads interrupt information (interrupt number and interrupt request priority level) from the address 00000h during the interrupt sequence. At this time, the IR bit for the accepted interrupt is set to 0. If the address 00000h is read in a program, the IR bit for the interrupt which has the highest priority among the enabled interrupts is set to 0. This causes a problem that the interrupt is canceled, or an unexpected interrupt request is generated. 23.8.2 Setting SP Set any value in the SP (USP, ISP) before accepting an interrupt. The SP (USP, ISP) is set to 0000h after reset. Therefore, if an interrupt is accepted before setting any value in the SP (USP, ISP), the program may go out of control. _______ Especially when using NMI interrupt, set a value in the ISP at the beginning of the program. For the first _______ and only the first instruction after reset, all interrupts including NMI interrupt are disabled. _______ 23.8.3 _______ NMI Interrupt _______ * The NMI interrupt cannot be disabled. If this interrupt is unused, connect the NMI pin to VCC via a resistor (pull-up). _______ * The input level of the NMI pin can be read by accessing the_______ P8_5 bit in the P8 register. Note that the P8_5 bit can only be read when determining the pin level in NMI interrupt routine. _______ * _______ Stop mode cannot be entered into while input on the NMI pin is low. This is because while input on the NMI pin is low the CM10 bit in the CM1 register is fixed to 0. _______ _______ * Do not go to wait mode while input on the NMI pin is low. This is because when input on the NMI pin goes low, the CPU stops but CPU clock remains active; therefore, the current consumption in the chip does not drop. In this case, normal condition is restored by_______ an interrupt generated thereafter. * The low and high level durations of the input signal to the NMI pin must each be 2 CPU clock cycles + 300 ns or more. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 346 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.8.4 Changing Interrupt Source If the interrupt source is changed, the IR bit in the interrupt control register for the changed interrupt may inadvertently be set to 1 (interrupt requested). If you changed the interrupt source for an interrupt that needs to be used, be sure to set the IR bit for that interrupt to 0 (interrupt not requested). Changing the interrupt source referred to here means any act of changing the source, polarity or timing of the interrupt assigned to each software interrupt number. Therefore, if a mode change of any peripheral function involves changing the source, polarity or timing of an interrupt, be sure to set the IR bit for that interrupt to 0 (interrupt not requested) after making such changes. Refer to the description of each peripheral function for details about the interrupts from peripheral functions. Figure 23.3 shows the Procedure for Changing Interrupt Source. Changing the interrupt source Disable interrupt (2) (3) Change the interrupt source (including a mode change of peripheral function) Use the MOV instruction to set the IR bit to 0 (interrupt not requested) (3) Enable interrupt (2) (3) End of change IR bit: A bit in the interrupt control register for the interrupt whose interrupt source is to be changed NOTES: 1.The above settings must be executed individually. Do not execute two or more settings simultaneously (using one instruction). 2.Use the I flag for the INTi interrupt (i = 0 to 8; 6 to 8 are only in the 128-pin version). For the interrupts from peripheral functions other than the INTi interrupt, turn off the peripheral function that is the interrupt source in order not to generate an interrupt request before changing the interrupt source. In this case, if the maskable interrupts can all be disabled without causing a problem, use the I flag. Otherwise, if it is not possible to disable all maskable interrupts, use bits ILVL2 to ILVL0 of the interrupt whose source is changed. 3.Refer to 23.8.6 Rewrite Interrupt Control Register for details about the instructions to use and the notes to be taken for instruction execution. Figure 23.3 Procedure for Changing Interrupt Generate Factor _____ 23.8.5 INT Interrupt * Either an "L" ________ level of at least tW(INH) or an "H" level of at least tW(INL) width is necessary for the signal ________ input to pins INT0 to INT8 (1) regardless of the CPU operation clock. * If the POL bit in registers INT0IC to INT8IC (2), bits IFSR10 to IFSR15 in the IFSR1 register or bits IFSR23 to IFSR25 (3) in the IFSR2 register are changed, the IR bit may inadvertently set to 1 (interrupt requested). Be sure to set the IR bit to 0 (interrupt not requested) after changing any of those register bits. NOTES: ________ ________ 1. The pins INT6 to INT8 are only in the 128-pin version. 2. Registers INT6IC to INT8IC are only in the 128-pin version. 3. Bits IFSR23 to IFSR25 are effective only in the 128-pin version. In the 100-pin version, these bits are set to 0 (one edge). Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 347 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.8.6 Rewrite Interrupt Control Register (a) The interrupt control register for any interrupt should be modified in places where no requests for that interrupt may be generated. Otherwise, disable the interrupt before rewriting the interrupt control register. (b) To rewrite the interrupt control register for any interrupt after disabling that interrupt, care must be taken when selecting the instructions. Changing any bit other than IR bit If while executing an instruction, an interrupt request controlled by the register being modified is generated, the IR bit of the register may not be set to 1 (interrupt requested), with the result that the interrupt request is ignored. If such a situation presents a problem, use the instructions shown below to modify the register. Usable instructions: AND, OR, BCLR, BSET Changing IR bit Depending on the instruction used, the IR bit may not always be set to 0 (interrupt not requested). Therefore, be sure to use the MOV instruction to set the IR bit to 0. (c) When using the I flag to disable an interrupt, refer to the sample program fragments shown below as you set the I flag. (Refer to (b) for details about rewrite the interrupt control registers in the sample program fragments.) Examples 1 through 3 show how to prevent the I flag from being set to 1 (interrupt enabled) before the interrupt control register is rewritten, owing to the effects of the internal bus and the instruction queue buffer. Example 1: Using the NOP instruction to keep the program waiting until the interrupt control register is modified INT_SWITCH1: FCLR I ; Disable interrupts. AND.B #00h, 0055h ; Set the TA0IC register to 00h. NOP ; NOP FSET I ; Enable interrupts. The number of the NOP instruction is as follows. * The PM20 bit in the PM2 register = 1 (1 wait) : 2 * The PM20 bit = 0 (2 waits) : 3 * When using HOLD function : 4 Example 2: Using the dummy read to the FSET instruction delay INT_SWITCH2: FCLR I ; Disable interrupts. AND.B #00h, 0055h ; Set the TA0IC register to 00h. MOV.W MEM, R0 ; Dummy read. FSET I ; Enable interrupts. Example 3: Using the POPC instruction to changing the I flag INT_SWITCH3: PUSHC FLG FCLR I ; Disable interrupts. AND.B #00h, 0055h ; Set the TA0IC register to 00h. POPC FLG ; Enable interrupts. 23.8.7 Watchdog Timer Interrupt Initialize the watchdog timer after the watchdog timer interrupt request is generated. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 348 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.9 DMAC 23.9.1 Write to DMAE Bit in DMiCON Register (i = 0, 1) When both of the conditions below are met, follow the steps below. Conditions * The DMAE bit is set to 1 again while it remains set (DMAi is in an active state). * A DMA request may occur simultaneously when the DMAE bit is being written. Step 1: Write 1 to the DMAE bit and DMAS bit in the DMiCON register simultaneously (1). Step 2: Make sure that the DMAi is in an initial state (2) in a program. If the DMAi is not in an initial state, the above steps should be repeated. NOTES: 1. The DMAS bit remains unchanged even if 1 is written. However, if 0 is written to this bit, it is set to 0 (DMA not requested). In order to prevent the DMAS bit from being modified to 0, 1 should be written to the DMAS bit when 1 is written to the DMAE bit. In this way the state of the DMAS bit immediately before being written can be maintained. Similarly, when writing to the DMAE bit with a read-modify-write instruction, 1 should be written to the DMAS bit in order to maintain a DMA request which is generated while the instruction is being executing. 2. Read the TCRi register to verify whether the DMAi is in an initial state. If the read value is equal to a value which was written to the TCRi register before DMA transfer start, the DMAi is in an initial state. (If a DMA request occurs after writing to the DMAE bit, the value written to the TCRi register is 1.) If the read value is a value in the middle of transfer, the DMAi is not in an initial state. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 349 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.10 Timers 23.10.1 Timer A 23.10.1.1 Timer A (Timer Mode) The timer remains idle after reset. Set the mode, count source, counter value, etc. using the TAiMR (i = 0 to 4) register and the TAi register before setting the TAiS bit in the TABSR register to 1 (count starts). Always make sure the TAiMR register is modified while the TAiS bit remains 0 (count stops) regardless whether after reset or not. While counting is in progress, the counter value can be read out at any time by reading the TAi register. However, if the counter is read at the same time it is reloaded, the value FFFFh is read. Also, if the counter is read before it starts counting after a value is set in the TAi register while not counting, the set value is read. ______ If a low-level signal is applied to the ______ NMI pin when the IVPCR1 bit in the TB2SC register = 1 (three-phase output forcible cutoff by input on NMI pin enabled), pins TA1OUT, TA2OUT, and TA4OUT go to a high-impedance state. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 350 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.10.1.2 Timer A (Event Counter Mode) The timer remains idle after reset. Set the mode, count source, counter value, etc. using the TAiMR (i = 0 to 4) register, the TAi register, the UDF register, bits TAZIE, TA0TGL, and TA0TGH in the ONSF register, and the TRGSR register before setting the TAiS bit in the TABSR register to 1 (count starts). Always make sure the TAiMR register, the UDF register, bits TAZIE, TA0TGL, and TA0TGH, and the TRGSR register are modified while the TAiS bit remains 0 (count stops) regardless whether after reset or not. While counting is in progress, the counter value can be read out at any time by reading the TAi register. However, FFFFh can be read in underflow, while reloading, and 0000h in overflow. When setting the TAi register to a value during a counter stop, the setting value can be read before a counter starts counting. Also, if the counter is read before it starts counting after a value is set in the TAi register while not counting, the set value is read. ______ If a low-level signal is applied to the ______ NMI pin when the IVPCR1 bit in the TB2SC register = 1 (three-phase output forcible cutoff by input on NMI pin enabled), pins TA1OUT, TA2OUT, and TA4OUT go to a high-impedance state. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 351 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.10.1.3 Timer A (One-shot Timer Mode) The timer remains idle after reset. Set the mode, count source, counter value, etc. using the TAiMR (i = 0 to 4) register, the TAi register, bits TA0TGL and TA0TGH in the ONSF register, and the TRGSR register before setting the TAiS bit in the TABSR register to 1 (count starts). Always make sure the TAiMR register, bits TA0TGL and TA0TGH, and the TRGSR register are modified while the TAiS bit remains 0 (count stops) regardless whether after reset or not. When setting the TAiS bit to 0 (count stops), the followings occur: * A counter stops counting and a content of reload register is reloaded. * TAiOUT pin outputs "L". * After one cycle of the CPU clock, the IR bit in the TAiIC register is set to 1 (interrupt request). Output in one-shot timer mode synchronizes with a count source internally generated. When an external trigger has been selected, one-cycle delay of a count source as maximum occurs between a trigger input to TAiIN pin and output in one-shot timer mode. The IR bit is set to 1 when timer operating mode is set with any of the following procedures: * Select one-shot timer mode after reset. * Change an operating mode from timer mode to one-shot timer mode. * Change an operating mode from event counter mode to one-shot timer mode. To use the timer Ai interrupt (the IR bit), set the IR bit to 0 after the changes listed above have been made. When a trigger occurs, while counting, a counter reloads the reload register to continue counting after generating a re-trigger and counting down once. To generate a trigger while counting, generate a second trigger between occurring the previous trigger and operating longer than one cycle of a timer count source. When the external trigger is selected as count start condition, do not input again the external trigger between 300 ns before the counter reaches 0000h. ______ If a low-level signal is applied to the ______ NMI pin when the IVPCR1 bit in the TB2SC register = 1 (three-phase output forcible cutoff by input on NMI pin enabled), pins TA1OUT, TA2OUT, and TA4OUT go to a high-impedance state. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 352 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.10.1.4 Timer A (Pulse Width Modulation Mode) The timer remains idle after reset. Set the mode, count source, counter value, etc. using the TAiMR (i = 0 to 4) register, the TAi register, bits TA0TGL and TA0TGH in the ONSF register, and the TRGSR register before setting the TAiS bit in the TABSR register to 1 (count starts). Always make sure the TAiMR register, bits TA0TGL and TA0TGH, and the TRGSR register are modified while the TAiS bit remains 0 (count stops) regardless whether after reset or not. The IR bit is set to 1 when setting a timer operating mode with any of the following procedures: * Select pulse width modulation mode after reset. * Change an operating mode from timer mode to pulse width modulation mode. * Change an operating mode from event counter mode to pulse width modulation mode. To use the timer Ai interrupt (the IR bit), set the IR bit to 0 by program after the above listed changes have been made. When setting TAiS bit to 0 (count stops) during PWM pulse output, the following action occurs: * Stop counting. * When TAiOUT pin is output "H", output level is set to "L" and the IR bit is set to 1. * When TAiOUT pin is output "L", both output level and the IR bit remain unchanged. ______ If a low-level signal is applied to the ______ NMI pin when the IVPCR1 bit in the TB2SC register = 1 (three-phase output forcible cutoff by input on NMI pin enabled), pins TA1OUT, TA2OUT, and TA4OUT go to a high-impedance state. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 353 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.10.2 Timer B 23.10.2.1 Timer B (Timer Mode) The timer remains idle after reset. Set the mode, count source, counter value, etc. using the TBiMR (i = 0 to 5) register and TBi register before setting the TBiS bit (1) in the TABSR or the TBSR register to 1 (count starts). Always make sure the TBiMR register is modified while the TBiS bit remains 0 (count stops) regardless whether after reset or not. NOTE: 1. Bits TB0S to TB2S are the bits 5 to 7 in the TABSR register, bits TB3S to TB5S are the bits 5 to 7 in the TBSR register. A value of a counter, while counting, can be read in the TBi register at any time. FFFFh is read while reloading. Setting value is read between setting values in the TBi register at count stop and starting a counter. 23.10.2.2 Timer B (Event Counter Mode) The timer remains idle after reset. Set the mode, count source, counter value, etc. using the TBiMR (i = 0 to 5) register and TBi register before setting the TBiS bit in the TABSR or the TBSR register to 1 (count starts). Always make sure the TBiMR register is modified while the TBiS bit remains 0 (count stops) regardless whether after reset or not. The counter value can be read out on-the-fly at any time by reading the TBi register. However, if this register is read at the same time the counter is reloaded, the read value is always FFFFh. If the TBi register is read after setting a value in it while not counting but before the counter starts counting, the read value is the one that has been set in the register. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 354 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.10.2.3 Timer B (Pulse Period/pulse Width Measurement Mode) The timer remains idle after reset. Set the mode, count source, etc. using the TBiMR (i = 0 to 5) register before setting the TBiS bit in the TABSR or TBSR register to 1 (count starts). Always make sure the TBiMR register is modified while the TBiS bit remains 0 (count stops) regardless whether after reset or not. To set the MR3 bit to 0 by writing to the TBiMR register while the TBiS bit = 1 (count starts), be sure to write the same value as previously written to bits TM0D0, TM0D1, MR0, MR1, TCK0, and TCK1 and, a 0 to the MR2 bit. The IR bit in the TBiIC register goes to 1 (interrupt request), when an effective edge of a measurement pulse is input or timer Bi is overflowed. The interrupt source can be determined by use of the MR3 bit in the TBiMR register within the interrupt routine. If the interrupt source cannot be identified by the MR3 bit such as when the measurement pulse input and a timer overflow occur at the same time, use another timer to count the number of times timer B has overflowed. To set the MR3 bit to 0 (no overflow), set the TBiMR register with setting the TBiS bit to 1 and counting the next count source after setting the MR3 bit to 1 (overflow). Use the IR bit in the TBiIC register to detect only overflows. Use the MR3 bit only to determine the interrupt source. When a count is started and the first effective edge is input, an undefined value is transferred to the reload register. At this time, timer Bi interrupt request is not generated. A value of the counter is undefined at the beginning of a count. The MR3 bit may be set to 1 and timer Bi interrupt request may be generated between a count start and an effective edge input. For pulse width measurement, pulse widths are successively measured. Use program to check whether the measurement result is an "H" level width or an "L" level width. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 355 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.11 Thee-Phase Motor Control Timer Function If there is a possibility that you may write data to TAi-1 register (i = 1, 2, 4) near Timer B2 overflow, read the value of TB2 register, verify that there is sufficient time until Timer B2 overflows, before doing an immediate write to TAi-1 register. In order to shorten the period from reading TB2 register to writing data to TAi-1 register, ensure that no interrupt will be processed during this period. If there is not enough time till Timer B2 overflows, only write to TAi-1 register after Timer B2 overflowed. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 356 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.12 Serial Interface 23.12.1 Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Mode 23.12.1.1 Transmission/reception _______ ________ With an external clock selected, and choosing the RTS function, the output level of the RTSi pin goes to "L" when the data-receivable status becomes ready, which informs the transmission side that the reception ________ ________ has become ready. The output level of the RTSi pin goes to "H" when reception starts. So if the RTSi pin ________ is connected to the CTSi pin on the transmission side, the circuit can transmission and reception data _______ with consistent timing. With the internal clock, the RTS function has no effect. _______ If a low-level signal is applied to the NMI pin when the IVPCR1 bit in the TB2SC register = 1 (three-phase _______ _________ output forcible cutoff by input on NMI pin enabled), pins RTS2 and CLK2 go to a high-impedance state. 23.12.1.2 Transmission When an external clock is selected, the conditions must be met while if the CKPOL bit in the UiC0 register = 0 (transmit data output at the falling edge and the receive data taken in at the rising edge of the transfer clock), the external clock is in the high state; if the CKPOL bit = 1 (transmit data output at the rising edge and the receive data taken in at the falling edge of the transfer clock), the external clock is in the low state. * The TE bit in the UiC1 register = 1 (transmission enabled) * The TI bit in the UiC1 register = 0 (data ________ present in UiTB register) _______ * If CTS function is selected, input on the CTSi pin = L 23.12.1.3 Reception In operating the clock synchronous serial I/O, operating a transmitter generates a shift clock. Fix settings for transmission even when using the device only for reception. Dummy data is output to the outside from the TXDi (i = 0 to 2) pin when receiving data. When an internal clock is selected, set the TE bit in the UiC1 register (i = 0 to 2) to 1 (transmission enabled) and write dummy data to the UiTB register, and the shift clock will thereby be generated. When an external clock is selected, set the TE bit to 1 and write dummy data to the UiTB register, and the shift clock will be generated when the external clock is fed to the CLKi input pin. When successively receiving data, if all bits of the next receive data are prepared in the UARTi receive register while the RI bit in the UiC1 register = 1 (data present in the UiRB register), an overrun error occurs and the OER bit in the UiRB register is set to 1 (overrun error occurred). In this case, because the content of the UiRB register is undefined, a corrective measure must be taken by programs on the transmit and receive sides so that the valid data before the overrun error occurred will be retransmitted. Note that when an overrun error occurred, the IR bit in the SiRIC register does not change state. To receive data in succession, set dummy data in the lower-order byte of the UiTB register every time reception is made. When an external clock is selected, the conditions must be met while if the CKPOL bit = 0, the external clock is in the high state; if the CKPOL bit = 1, the external clock is in the low state. * The RE bit in the UiC1 register = 1 (reception enabled) * The TE bit in the UiC1 register = 1 (transmission enabled) * The TI bit in the UiC1 register = 0 (data present in the UiTB register) Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 357 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.12.2 Special Modes 23.12.2.1 Special Mode 1 (I2C Mode) When generating start, stop and restart conditions, set the STSPSEL bit in the UiSMR4 register to 0 (start and stop conditions not output) and wait for more than half cycle of the transfer clock before setting each condition generate bit (bits STAREQ, RSTAREQ, and STPREQ) from 0 (clear) to 1 (start). 23.12.2.2 Special Mode 2 _______ If a low-level signal is applied to the NMI pin when the IVPCR1 bit in the TB2SC register = 1 (three-phase _______ _________ output forcible cutoff by input on NMI pin enabled), pins RTS2 and CLK2 go to a high-impedance state. 23.12.2.3 Special Mode 4 (SIM Mode) A transmit interrupt request is generated by setting the U2IRS bit in the U2C1 register to 1 (transmission completed) and U2ERE bit in the U2C1 register to 1 (error signal output) after reset. Therefore, when using SIM mode, be sure to set the IR bit to 0 (no interrupt request) after setting these bits. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 358 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.12.3 SI/Oi (i = 3 to 6) (1) The SOUTi default value which is set to the SOUTi pin by the SMi7 in the SiC register bit approximately 10 ns may be output when changing the SMi3 bit in the SiC register from 0 (I/O port) to 1 (SOUTi output and CLKi function) while the SMi2 bit in the SiC register to 0 (SOUTi output) and the SMi6 bit is set to 1 (internal clock). And then the SOUTi pin is held high-impedance. If the level which is output from the SOUTi pin is a problem when changing the SMi3 bit from 0 to 1, set the default value of the SOUTi pin by the SMi7 bit. NOTE: 1. SI/O5 and SI/O6 are only in the 128-pin version. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 359 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.13 A/D Converter Set the ADCON0 (except bit 6), registers ADCON1 and ADCON2 when A/D conversion is stopped (before a trigger occurs). After stopping A/D conversion, the VCUT bit in the ADCON1 register is changed from 1 (VREF connected) to 0 (VREF not connected), When the VCUT bit is changed from 0 to 1, start A/D conversion after passing 1 s or longer. To prevent noise-induced device malfunction or latch-up, as well as to reduce conversion errors, insert capacitors between the AVCC, VREF, and analog input pins (ANi (i = 0 to 7), AN0_i, and AN2_i) each and the AVSS pin. Similarly, insert a capacitor between the VCC pin and the VSS pin. Figure 23.4 shows the Use of Capacitors to Reduce Noise. Make sure the port direction bits for those pins that are used as analog inputs are set to 0 (input mode). Also, if the TGR bit in the ADCON0 register = 1 (external trigger), make sure the port direction bit for the __________ ADTRG pin is set to 0 (input mode). When using key input interrupt, do not use any of four pins AN4 to AN7 as analog inputs. (A key input interrupt request is generated when the A/D input voltage goes low.) The AD frequency must be 10 MHz or less. Without sample and hold, limit the AD frequency to 250 kHz or more. With the sample and hold, limit the AD frequency to 1 MHz or more. When changing an A/D operating mode, select analog input pin again in bits CH2 to CH0 in the ADCON0 register and bits SCAN1 to SCAN0 in the ADCON1 register. MCU VCC C4 AVCC VREF C1 VSS C2 AVSS C3 ANi ANi: ANi, AN0_i, and AN2_i (i =0 to 7) NOTES: 1. C1 0.47 F, C2 0.47 F, C3 100 pF, C4 0.1 F (reference). 2. Use thick and shortest possible wiring to connect capacitors. Figure 23.4 Use of Capacitors to Reduce Noise Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 360 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes If the CPU reads the ADi register (i = 0, 1) at the same time the conversion result is stored in the ADi register after completion of A/D conversion, an incorrect value may be stored in the ADi register. This problem occurs when a divide-by-n clock derived from the main clock or a sub clock is selected for CPU clock. * When operating in one-shot or single-sweep mode Check to see that A/D conversion is completed before reading the target ADi register. (Check the IR bit in the ADIC register to see if A/D conversion is completed.) * When operating in repeat mode or repeat sweep mode 0 or 1 Use the main clock for CPU clock directly without dividing it. If A/D conversion is forcibly terminated while in progress by setting the ADST bit in the ADCON0 register to 0 (A/D conversion halted), the conversion result of the A/D converter is undefined. The contents of ADi register irrelevant to A/D conversion may also become undefined. If while A/D conversion is underway the ADST bit is set to 0 in a program, ignore the values of all ADi registers. When setting the ADST bit to 0 in single sweep mode during A/D conversion and A/D conversion is aborted, disable the interrupt before setting the ADST bit to 0. The applied intermediate potential may cause more increase in power consumption than other analog______ input pins (AN0 to AN3, AN0_0 to AN0_7, and AN2_0 to AN2_7), since the AN4 to AN7 are used with the KI0 to ______ KI3. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 361 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.14 CAN Module 23.14.1 Reading CiSTR Register (i = 0, 1) The CAN module on the M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) updates the status of the CiSTR register in a certain period. When the CPU and the CAN module access to the CiSTR register at the same time, the CPU has the access priority; the access from the CAN module is disabled. Consequently, when the updating period of the CAN module matches the access period from the CPU, the status of the CAN module cannot be updated. (See Figure 23.5 When Updating Period of CAN Module Matches Access Period from CPU.) Accordingly, be careful about the following points so that the access period from the CPU should not match the updating period of the CAN module: (a) There should be a wait time of 3fCAN or longer (see Table 23.2 CAN Module Status Updating Period) before the CPU reads the CiSTR register. (See Figure 23.6 With a Wait Time of 3 fCAN Before CPU Read.) (b) When the CPU polls the CiSTR register, the polling period must be 3 fCAN or longer. (See Figure 23.7 When Polling Period of CPU is 3 fCAN or Longer.) Table 23.2 CAN Module Status Updating Period 3fCAN Period = 3 XIN (Original Oscillation Period) (Example 1) Condition XIN 16 MHz CCLK: Divide-by-1 (Example 2) Condition XIN 16 MHz CCLK: Divide-by-2 (Example 3) Condition XIN 16 MHz CCLK: Divide-by-4 (Example 4) Condition XIN 16 MHz CCLK: Divide-by-8 (Example 5) Condition XIN 16 MHz CCLK: Divide-by-16 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 362 of 378 Division Value of CAN Clock (CCLK) 3 fCAN period = 3 62.5 ns 1 = 187.5 ns 3 fCAN period = 3 62.5 ns 2 = 375 ns 3 fCAN period = 3 62.5 ns 4 = 750 ns 3 fCAN period = 3 62.5 ns 8 = 1.5 s 3 fCAN period = 3 62.5 ns 16 = 3 s M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes fCAN CPU read signal Updating period of CAN module CPU reset signal CiSTR register b8: State_Reset bit 0: CAN operation mode 1: CAN reset/initialization mode : When the CAN module's State_Reset bit updating period matches the CPU's read period, it does not enter reset mode, for the CPU read has the higher priority. i = 0, 1 Figure 23.5 When Updating Period of CAN Module Matches Access Period from CPU Wait time CPU read signal Updating period of the CAN module CPU reset signal CiSTR register b8: Reset state flag 0: CAN operation mode 1: CAN reset/initialization mode : Updated without fail in period of 3 fCAN i = 0, 1 Figure 23.6 With Wait Time of 3 fCAN Before CPU Read CPU read signal 4 fCAN Updating period of the CAN module CPU reset signal CiSTR register b8: State_Reset bit 0: CAN operation mode 1: CAN reset/initialization mode : When the CAN module's State_Reset bit updating period matches the CPU's read period, it does not enter reset mode, for the CPU read has the higher priority. : Updated without fail in period of 4 fCAN i = 0, 1 Figure 23.7 When Polling Period of CPU is 3 fCAN or Longer Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 363 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.14.2 Performing CAN Configuration If the Reset bit in the CiCTLR register (i = 0, 1) is changed from 0 (operation mode) to 1 (reset/initialization mode) in order to place the CAN module from CAN operation mode into CAN reset/initialization mode, always be sure to check that the State_Reset bit in the CiSTR register is set to 1 (reset mode). Similarly, if the Reset bit is changed from 1 to 0 in order to place the CAN module from CAN reset/ initialization mode into CAN operation mode, always be sure to check that the State_Reset bit is set to 0 (operation mode). The procedure is described below. To Place CAN Module from CAN Operation Mode into CAN Reset/Initialization Mode * Change the Reset bit from 0 to 1 * Check that the State_Reset bit is set to 1 To Place CAN Module from CAN Reset/Initialization Mode into CAN Operation Mode * Change the Reset bit from 1 to 0 * Check that the State_Reset bit is set to 0 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 364 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.14.3 Suggestions to Reduce Power Consumption When not performing CAN communication, the operation mode of CAN transceiver should be set to "standby mode" or "sleep mode". When performing CAN communication, the power consumption in CAN transceiver in not performing CAN communication can be substantially reduced by controlling the operation mode pins of CAN transceiver. Tables 23.3 and 23.4 show the Recommended Pin Connections. Table 23.3 Recommended Pin Connections (In case of PCA82C250: Philips product) Standby Mode High-speed Mode (1) Rs pin "H" "L" Power consumption in less than 170 A less than 70 mA (2) CAN transceiver CAN communication impossible possible Connection M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM PCA82C250 PCA82C250 CTXi TXD CANH CTXi TXD CANH CRXi RXD CANL CRXi RXD CANL Port (3) Rs Rs Port (3) "H" output "L" output i = 0, 1 NOTES: 1. The pin which controls the operation mode of CAN transceiver. 2. In case of Ta = 25 C 3. Connect to enabled port to control CAN transceiver. Table 23.4 Recommended Pin Connections (In case of PCA82C252: Philips product) Sleep Mode Normal Operation Mode _______ (1) STB pin "L" "H" (1) EN pin "L" "H" Power consumption in less than 50 A less than 35 mA CAN transceiver (2) CAN communication impossible possible Connection M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM PCA82C252 CTXi TXD CANH CTXi TXD CANH CRXi RXD CANL CRXi RXD CANL Port (3) STB Port (3) STB Port (3) EN Port (3) EN "L" output i = 0, 1 NOTES: 1. The pin which controls the operation mode of CAN transceiver. 2. Ta = 25 C 3. Connect to enabled port to control CAN transceiver. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 PCA82C252 page 365 of 378 "H" output M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.14.4 CAN Transceiver in Boot Mode When programming the flash memory in boot mode via CAN bus, the operation mode of CAN transceiver should be set to "high-speed mode" or "normal operation mode". If the operation mode is controlled by the microcomputer, CAN transceiver must be set the operation mode to "high-speed mode" or "normal operation mode" before programming the flash memory by changing the switch etc. Tables 23.5 and 23.6 show the Pin Connections of CAN Transceiver. Table 23.5 Pin Connections of CAN Transceiver (In case of PCA82C250: Philips product) Standby Mode High-speed Mode (1) Rs pin "H" "L" CAN communication impossible possible Connection M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM PCA82C250 PCA82C250 CTXi TXD CANH CTXi TXD CANH CRXi RXD CANL CRXi RXD CANL Port (2) Rs Rs Port (2) Switch OFF Switch ON i = 0, 1 NOTES: 1. The pin which controls the operation mode of CAN transceiver. 2. Connect to enabled port to control CAN transceiver. Table 23.6 Pin Connections of CAN Transceiver (In case of PCA82C252: Philips product) Sleep Mode Normal Operation Mode _______ (1) STB pin "L" "H" (1) EN pin "L" "H" CAN communication impossible possible Connection M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM PCA82C252 M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM CTXi TXD CANH CTXi TXD CANH CRXi RXD CANL CRXi RXD CANL Port (2) STB Port (2) STB Port (2) EN Port (2) EN Switch OFF i = 0, 1 NOTES: 1. The pin which controls the operation mode of CAN transceiver. 2. Connect to enabled port to control CAN transceiver. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 PCA82C252 page 366 of 378 Switch ON M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.15 Programmable I/O Ports_______ If a low-level signal is applied to the NMI pin when the IVPCR1 bit in the TB2SC register = 1 (three-phase _______ output forcible cutoff by input on NMI pin enabled), pins P7_2 to P7_5, P8_0 and P8_1 go to a high-impedance state. Setting the SM32 bit in the S3C register to 1 causes the P9_2 pin to go to a high-impedance state. Setting the SM42 bit in the S4C register to 1 causes the P9_6 pin to go to a high-impedance state (1). Setting the SM52 bit in the S5C register to 1 causes the P11_2 pin to go to a high-impedance state (2). Setting the SM62 bit in the S6C register to 1 causes the P11_6 pin to go to a high-impedance state (2). NOTES: 1. When using SI/O4, set the SM43 bit in the S4C register to 1 (SOUT4 output, CLK4 function) and the port direction bit corresponding for SOUT4 pin to 0 (input mode). 2. The S5C and S6C registers are only in the 128-pin version. When using these registers, set these registers after setting the PU37 bit in the PUR3 register to 1 (Pins P11 to P14 are usable). The input threshold voltage of pins differs between programmable I/O ports and peripheral functions. Therefore, if any pin is shared by a programmable I/O port and a peripheral function and the input level at this pin is outside the range of recommended operating conditions VIH and VIL (neither "high" nor "low"), the input level may be determined differently depending on which side--the programmable I/O port or the peripheral function--is currently selected. When changing the PD14_i bit (i = 0, 1) in the PC14 register from 0 (input port) to 1 (output port), follow the procedures below (128-pin version only). Setting Procedure (1) Set P14_i bit :MOV.B #00000001b, PC14 ; P14_i bit setting (2) Change PD14_i bit to 1 by MOV instruction :MOV.B #00110001b, PC14 ; Change to output port Undefined values are read from bits P3_7 to P3_4, PD3_7 to PD3_4 by reading registers P3 and PD3 when bits PM01 to PM00 in the PM0 register are set to 01b (memory expansion mode) or 11b (microprocessor mode) and setting the PM11 bit to 1. Use the MOV instruction when rewriting registers P3 and PD3 (including the case that the size specifier is ".W" and registers P2 and PD2 are rewritten) (Normal-ver. only). When bits PM01 to PM00 are rewritten, "L" is output from pins P3_7 to P3_4 during 0.5 cycles of the BCLK by setting bits PM01 to PM00 in the PM0 register to 01b (memory expansion mode) or 11b (microprocessor mode) from 00b (single-chip mode) after setting the PM11 bit to 1 (Normal-ver. only). Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 367 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.16 Dedicated Input Pin When dedicated input pin voltage is larger than VCC pin voltage, latch up occurs. When different power supplied to the system, and input voltage of unused dedicated input pin is larger than voltage of VCC pin, connect dedicated input pin to VCC via resistor (approximately 1 k). Figure 23.8 shows the Circuit Connection. This note is also applicable when VINPUT exceeds VCC during power-up. The resistor is not necessary when VCC pin voltage is same or larger than dedicated input pin voltage. Different power supply VCC Dedicated input pin (e.g. NMI) M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM Figure 23.8 Circuit Connection Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 368 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.17 Electrical Characteristic Differences between Mask ROM and Flash Memory Version MCUs Flash memory version and mask ROM version may have different characteristics, operating margin, noise tolerated dose, noise width dose in electrical characteristics due to internal ROM, different layout pattern, etc. When switching to the mask ROM version, conduct equivalent tests as system evaluation tests conducted in the flash memory version. * Mask ROM version is only in Normal-ver.. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 369 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23.18 Mask ROM Version (Normal-ver. only) When using the masked ROM version, write nothing to internal ROM area. Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 370 of 378 23. Usage Notes M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.19 Flash Memory Version 23.19.1 Functions to Prevent Flash Memory from Rewriting ID codes are stored in addresses 0FFFDFh, 0FFFE3h, 0FFFEBh, 0FFFEFh, 0FFFF3h, 0FFFF7h, and 0FFFFBh. If wrong data are written to theses addresses, the flash memory cannot be read or written in standard serial I/O mode and CAN I/O mode. The ROMCP register is mapped in address 0FFFFFh. If wrong data is written to this address, the flash memory cannot be read or written in parallel I/O mode. In the flash memory version of MCU, these addresses are allocated to the vector addresses (H) of fixed vectors. 23.19.2 Stop Mode When entering stop mode, execute the instruction which sets the CM10 bit to 1 (stop mode) after setting the FMR01 bit to 0 (CPU rewrite mode disabled) and disabling the DMA transfer. 23.19.3 Wait Mode When entering wait mode, set the FMR01 bit in the FMR0 register to 0 (CPU rewrite mode disabled) before executing the WAIT instruction. 23.19.4 Low Power Dissipation Mode and On-Chip Oscillator Low Power Dissipation Mode If the CM05 bit is set to 1 (main clock stopped), do not execute the following commands: * Program * Block erase * Erase all unlocked blocks * Lock bit program * Read lock bit status 23.19.5 Writing Command and Data Write commands and data to even addresses in the user ROM area. 23.19.6 Program Command By writing xx40h in the first bus cycle and data to the write address in the second bus cycle, an auto-program operation (data program and verify) will start. The address value specified in the first bus cycle must be the same even address as the write address specified in the second bus cycle. 23.19.7 Lock Bit Program Command By writing xx77h in the first bus cycle and xxD0h to the highest-order even address of a block in the second bus cycle, the lock bit for the specified block is set to 0. The address value specified in the first bus cycle must be the same highest-order even address of a block specified in the second bus cycle. 23.19.8 Operating Speed Before entering CPU rewrite mode (EW0 or EW1 mode), set the CM11 bit in the CM1 register to 0 (main clock), select 10 MHz or less for CPU clock using the CM06 bit in the CM0 register and bits CM17 to CM16 in the CM1 register. Also, set the PM17 bit in the PM1 register to 1 (with wait state). Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 371 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.19.9 Prohibited Instructions The following instructions cannot be used in EW0 mode because the CPU tries to read data in flash memory: the UND instruction, INTO instruction, JMPS instruction, JSRS instruction, and BRK instruction 23.19.10 Interrupts EW0 Mode To use interrupts having vectors in a relocatable vector table, the vectors must be relocated to the RAM area._______ * The NMI and watchdog timer interrupts are available since registers FMR0 and FMR1 are forcibly reset when either interrupt request is generated. Allocate the jump addresses for each interrupt ser_______ vice routines to the fixed vector table. Flash memory rewrite operation is suspended when the NMI or watchdog timer interrupt request is generated. Execute the rewrite program again after exiting the interrupt routine. * The address match interrupt is not available since the CPU tries to read data in the flash memory. EW1 Mode * Do not acknowledge any interrupts with vectors in the relocatable vector table or address match interrupt during auto-programming or auto-erasure. * Do not use the watchdog timer interrupt. _______ * The NMI interrupt is available since registers FMR0 and FMR1 are forcibly reset when the interrupt request is generated. Allocate the jump address for the interrupt service routine to the fixed vector table. _______ Flash memory rewrite operation is suspended when the NMI interrupt request is generated. Execute the rewrite program again after exiting the interrupt service routine. 23.19.11 How to Access To set the FMR01, FMR02, or FMR11 bit to 1, write 1 after first setting the bit to 0. Do not generate an interrupt or a DMA transfer between the instruction to set the bit to 0 and the instruction to set the bit to 1. _______ Set the bit while an "H" signal is applied to the NMI pin. 23.19.12 Rewriting in User ROM Area EW0 Mode If the supply voltage drops while rewriting the block where the rewrite control program is stored, the flash memory cannot be rewritten because the rewrite control program is not correctly rewritten. If this error occurs, rewrite the user ROM area while in standard serial I/O mode, parallel I/O mode, or CAN I/ O mode. EW1 Mode Avoid rewriting any block in which the rewrite control program is stored. 23.19.13 DMA Transfer In EW1 mode, do not perform a DMA transfer while the FMR00 bit in the FMR0 register is set to 0 (autoprogramming or auto-erasure). Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 372 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.20 Flash Memory Programming Using Boot Program When programming the internal flash memory using boot program, be careful about the pins state and connection as follows. 23.20.1 Programming Using Serial I/O Mode CTX0 pin : This pin automatically outputs "H" level. CRX0 pin : Connect to CAN transceiver or connect via resister to VCC (pull-up) Figure 23.9 shows the Pin Connection for Programming Using Serial I/O Mode. 10-pin connector 1 M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM VCC monitor input 3 Power supply GND CLK1(P6_5) 4 RXD1(P6_6) 10 NMI(P8_5) TXD1(P6_7) 2 PC card-type flash programmer VCC RTS1(P6_4) 6 EPM(P5_5) 5 CRX0(P9_5) CE(P5_0) 9 CNVSS CTX0(P9_6) 8 RESET 7 user reset signal Figure 23.9 Pin Connection for Programming Using Serial I/O Mode 23.20.2 Programming Using CAN I/O Mode _________ RTS1 pin : This pin automatically outputs "H" and "L" level. Figure 23.10 shows the Pin Connection for Programming Using CAN I/O Mode. 10-pin connector 1 10 4 M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM VCC monitor input CAN_H PCA CAN_L 82C250 6 CRX0(P9_5) CE(P5_0) NMI(P8_5) PC card-type CAN programmer 9 CNVSS RTS1(P6_4) 8 RESET 3 7 user reset signal Figure 23.10 Pin Connection for Programming Using CAN I/O Mode Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 373 of 378 Power supply GND CTX0(P9_6) EPM(P5_5) 5 VCC M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) 23. Usage Notes 23.21 Noise Connect a bypass capacitor (approximately 0.1 F) across pins VCC1 and VSS, and pins VCC2 and VSS using the shortest and thicker possible wiring. Figure 23.11 shows the Bypass Capacitor Connection. Bypass capacitor Connecting pattern VSS Connecting pattern VCC2 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) VSS Connecting pattern VCC1 Connecting pattern Bypass capacitor Figure 23.11 Bypass Capacitor Connection Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 374 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Appendix 1. Package Dimensions Appendix 1. Package Dimensions JEITA Package Code P-LQFP100-14x14-0.50 RENESAS Code PLQP0100KB-A Previous Code 100P6Q-A / FP-100U / FP-100UV MASS[Typ.] 0.6g HD *1 D 51 75 NOTE) 1. DIMENSIONS "*1" AND "*2" DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. 2. DIMENSION "*3" DOES NOT INCLUDE TRIM OFFSET. 50 76 bp c1 Reference Symbol c E *2 HE b1 D E A2 HD HE A A1 bp b1 c c1 100 26 1 ZE Terminal cross section 25 Index mark ZD y *3 e A1 c A A2 F bp e x y ZD ZE L L1 L x L1 Detail F JEITA Package Code P-LQFP128-14x20-0.50 RENESAS Code PLQP0128KB-A Previous Code 128P6Q-A Dimension in Millimeters Min Nom Max 13.9 14.0 14.1 13.9 14.0 14.1 1.4 15.8 16.0 16.2 15.8 16.0 16.2 1.7 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.18 0.09 0.145 0.20 0.125 0 8 0.5 0.08 0.08 1.0 1.0 0.35 0.5 0.65 1.0 MASS[Typ.] 0.9g HD *1 D 102 65 103 64 NOTE) 1. DIMENSIONS "*1" AND "*2" DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. 2. DIMENSION "*3" DOES NOT INCLUDE TRIM OFFSET. bp E c *2 HE c1 b1 Reference Symbol ZE Terminal cross section 128 39 38 A Index mark c ZD A2 1 A1 F L e Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 y page 375 of 378 *3 bp D E A2 HD HE A A1 bp b1 c c1 L1 x DetailF e x y ZD ZE L L1 Dimension in Millimeters Min Nom Max 19.9 20.0 20.1 13.9 14.0 14.1 1.4 21.8 22.0 22.2 15.8 16.0 16.2 1.7 0.05 0.125 0.2 0.17 0.22 0.27 0.20 0.09 0.145 0.20 0.125 0 8 0.5 0.10 0.10 0.75 0.75 0.35 0.5 0.65 1.0 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Memo Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 376 of 378 Appendix 1. Package Dimensions M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Register Index Register Index A DM0CON, DM1CON ..................... 106 S3IC, S4IC ...................................... 87 AD0 to AD7 ................................... 205 DM0IC, DM1IC ................................ 86 DM0SL .......................................... 105 S3TRR to S6TRR .......................... 137 S5IC, S6IC ...................................... 86 DM1SL .......................................... 106 DTT ............................................... 142 SAR0, SAR1 ................................. 107 ADCON0 ..... 204,207,209,211,213,215 ADCON1 ..... 204,207,209,211,213,215 ADCON2 ....................................... 205 ADIC ................................................ 86 AIER .............................................. 100 AIER2 ............................................ 100 TA0 ................................................. 116 FMR0 ............................................ 266 FMR1 ............................................ 266 TA0IC .............................................. 86 TA0MR ............... 116,119,121,126,128 I TA1 .......................................... 116,143 TA11 .............................................. 143 C C01ERRIC ...................................... 86 C01WKIC ........................................ 86 C0AFS, C1AFS ............................. 233 C0CONR, C1CONR ...................... 232 C0CTLR, C1CTLR ........................ 229 C0GMR, C1GMR .......................... 227 C0ICR, C1ICR ............................... 231 C0IDR, C1IDR ............................... 231 C0LMAR, C1LMAR ....................... 227 C0LMBR, C1LMBR ....................... 227 T F ICTB2 ............................................ 144 IDB0, IDB1 .................................... 142 IFSR0 .............................................. 95 IFSR1 .............................................. 96 IFSR2 .............................................. 97 INT0IC to INT8IC ............................ 87 INVC0 ............................................ 140 INVC1 ............................................ 141 TA1IC .............................................. 86 TA1MR ........ 116,119,121,126,128,146 TA2 .......................................... 116,143 TA21 .............................................. 143 TA2IC .............................................. 87 TA2MR .. 116,119,121,123,126,128,146 TA3 ................................................. 116 TA3IC .............................................. 87 K C0MCTL0 to C0MCTL15 .............. 228 C0RECIC ........................................ 86 TA3MR ........ 116,119,121,123,126,128 TA4 .......................................... 116,143 KUPIC ............................................. 86 C0RECR, C1RECR ....................... 233 C0SSTR, C1SSTR ........................ 231 O TA41 .............................................. 143 TA4IC .............................................. 86 ONSF ............................................. 118 C0STR, C1STR ............................. 230 C0TECR, C1TECR ....................... 233 P C0TRMIC ........................................ 86 C0TSR, C1TSR ............................. 233 P0 to P13 ...................................... 255 PC14 ............................................. 255 C1MCTL0 to C1MCTL15 .............. 228 C1RECIC ........................................ 87 PCLKR ............................................ 61 PCR ............................................... 257 C1TRMIC ........................................ 87 CAN0/1 Slot 0 to 15 PD0 to PD13 ................................. 254 PLC0 ............................................... 63 : Time Stamp ....................... 225,226 : Data Field .......................... 225,226 PM0 ................................................. 40 PM1 ................................................. 41 : Message Box .................... 225,226 CCLKR ............................................ 62 PM2 ................................................. 62 PRCR .............................................. 80 CM0 ................................................. 58 CM1 ................................................. 59 PUR0 to PUR2 .............................. 256 PUR3 ............................................. 257 CM2 ................................................. 60 CPSRF .................................... 118,132 R TA4MR .... 116,119,121,123,126,128,146 TABSR ............................. 117,132,145 TB0................................................ 131 TB0IC .............................................. 86 TB0MR ..................... 131,133,134,136 TB1................................................ 131 TB1IC .............................................. 87 TB1MR ..................... 131,133,134,136 TB2......................................... 131,143 TB2IC .............................................. 86 TB2MR .............. 131,133,134,136,146 TB2SC ........................................... 144 TB3................................................ 131 TB3IC .............................................. 86 TB3MR ..................... 131,133,134,136 TB4................................................ 131 TB4IC .............................................. 86 TB4MR ..................... 131,133,134,136 CRCD ............................................ 221 CRCIN ........................................... 221 RMAD0 to RMAD3 ........................ 100 ROMCP ......................................... 263 CSE ................................................. 52 CSR ................................................. 46 TB5................................................ 131 TB5IC .............................................. 86 S S0RIC to S2RIC .............................. 86 TB5MR ..................... 131,133,134,136 TBSR ............................................. 132 S0TIC to S2TIC ............................... 86 S3456TRR .................................... 198 TCR0, TCR1 ................................. 107 TRGSR.................................... 118,145 D DA0, DA1 ...................................... 220 DACON ......................................... 220 DAR0, DAR1 ................................. 107 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 S3BRG to S6BRG ......................... 197 S3C to S6C ................................... 197 page 377 of 378 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) U U0BCNIC to U2BCNIC ..................... 86 U0BRG to U2BRG ........................ 153 U0C0 to U2C0 ............................... 154 U0C1 to U2C1 ............................... 155 U0MR to U2MR ............................. 154 U0RB to U2RB .............................. 153 U0SMR to U2SMR ........................ 156 U0SMR2 to U2SMR2 .................... 157 U0SMR3 to U2SMR3 .................... 157 U0SMR4 to U2SMR4 .................... 158 U0TB to U2TB ............................... 153 UCON ............................................ 156 UDF ................................................ 117 W WDC .............................................. 102 WDTS ............................................ 102 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 REJ09B0124-0210 page 378 of 378 Register Index REVISION HISTORY Rev. Date 1.00 Sep. 30, 2004 1.01 Nov. 01, 2004 Description Page Summary - - First edition issued Revised edition issued * Revised parts and revised contents are as follows (except for expressional change). Table 1.2 Performance Outline of M16C/6N Group (128-pin Version: M16C/6NM) * Interrupt: Internal interrupt source is revised from "32 sources" to "34 sources". Table 21.2 Recommended Operating Conditions (1) * IOH(peak): Unit is revised from "V" to "mA". Table 21.3 Recommended Operating Conditions (2) * NOTE 3: "VCC = 3.0 0.3 V" is revised to "VCC = 3.3 0.3 V". 22.9.1.2 Timer A (Event Counter Mode) is revised. Revised edition issued * The contents of product are revised. (T/V-ver. is added.) * Revised parts and revised contents are as follows (except for expressional change). Table 1.1 Performance outline of M16C/6N Group (100-pin Version: M16C/6NM) * Performance outline of T/V-ver. is added. Table 1.2 Performance outline of M16C/6N Group (128-pin Version: M16C/6NN) * Performance outline of T/V-ver. is added. Table 1.3 Product List is revised. (T/V-ver. is added.) Figure 1.2 Type No., Memory Size, and Package: "Characteristics" is added. FIgure 4.1 SFR Information (1): The value of After Reset in CM2 Register is revised. Figure 4.7 SFR Information (7): NOTE 1 is revised. Figure 7.4 CM2 Register: The value of After Reset is revised. Figure 7.13 State Transition in Normal Operation Mode: NOTE 7 is revised. 9.10 Address Match Interrupt: After of 13th line * "Note that when using the external bus in 8-bit width, no address match interrupts can be used for external areas." is deleted. Figure 14.37 (upper) SiC Register: NOTE 4 is revised. Figure 18.6 C0MCTLj and C1MCTLj Registers * RemActive bit: Function is revised. * RspLock bit: Bit Name is revised. * NOTE 2 is revised. Figure 18.7 C0CTLR and C1CTLR Registers (upper) * LoopBack bit: The expression of Function is revised. * BasicCAN bit: The expression of Function is revised. Figure 18.7 C0CTLR and C1CTLR Registers (lower) * TSPreScale bit: Bit Symbol is revised. ("Bit1, Bit0" is deleted.) * TSReset bit: The expression of Function is revised. * RetBusOff bit: The expression of Function is revised. * RXOnly bit: The expression of Function is revised. Figure 18.8 C0STR and C1STR Registers (upper): NOTE 1 is deleted. Figure 18.8 C0STR and C1STR Registers (lower) * State_LoopBack bit: The expression of Function is revised. * State_BasicCAN bit: The expression of Function is revised. 3 270 271 1.10 Jul. 01, 2005 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Hardware Manual 291 - 2 3 5 13 19 39 55 78 176 207 208 209 C-1 REVISION HISTORY Rev. Date 1.10 Jul. 01, 2005 Description Page Summary 212 Figure 18.11 C0RECR, C1RECR Registers, C0TECR, C1TECR Registers, C0TSR, C1TSR Registers, and C0AFS, C1AFS Registers * C0RECR, C1RECR Registers: NOTE 2 is deleted. * C0TECR, C1TECR Registers: NOTE 1 is deleted. * C0TSR, C1TSR Registers: NOTE 1 is deleted. 18.15.1 Reception (1): "(refer to 18.15.2 Transmission)" is deleted. Figure 19.1 I/O Ports (1): "P7_0" in 4th figure is deleted. Figure 19.3 I/O Ports (3): "P7_0" is added to middle figure. Figure 19.6 I/O Pins: NOTE 1 is deleted. Table 21.4 Electrical Characteristics (1) * Measuring Condition of VOL is revised from "LOL = -200A" to "LOL = 200A". Table 21.5 Electrical Characteristics (2): Mask ROM (5th item) * "f(XCIN)" is changed to "(f(BCLK)). Table 21.6 A/D Conversion Characteristics: "Tolerance Level Impedance" is deleted. 22.14 Programmable I/O Ports: last 1 to 2 lines * (1) Setting Procedure is revised from "#00010000b" to "#00000001b". * (2) Setting Procedure is revised from "#00010011b" to "#00110001b". Revised edition issued * Memory expansion and microprocessor modes are added to Normal-ver.. * Electric Characteristics of T/V-ver. is added. * Revised parts and revised contents are as follows (except for expressional change). 1.1 Applications: Comment of T/V-ver. is added. Table 1.1 Performance Outline (100-pin version): Operation Mode of Normal-ver. is revised. Table 1.2 Performance Outline (128-pin version): Operation Mode of Normal-ver. is revised. Table 1.3 Product List: NOTE 1 is added. Figure 1.3 Pin Configuration (1): Bus control pins are added and NOTE 2 is added. Tables 1.4 and 1.5 Pin Characteristics in 100-pin version (1)(2) are added. Figure 1.4 Pin Configuration (2): Bus control pins are added and NOTE 2 is added. Tables 1.6 to 1.8 Pin Characteristics in 128-pin version (1)(2)(3) are added. Tables 1.8 to 1.10 Pin Description (1)(2)(3) are revised. 3. Memory: Last 2 sentences (In memory expansion ... / Use T-V-ver.) are added. Figure 3.1 Memory Map: NOTES 1 and 2 are added. Table 4.1 SFR Information (1) * Value of After Reset in PM0 is revised. * CSR Register is added to 0008h. * CSE Register is added to 001Bh. * NOTES 1, 3 and 4 are added. Table 4.16 SFR Information (16) * Value of After Reset in PUR1 is revised. * NOTE 1 is added. 5. Reset: Layout is changed. Figure 5.2 Reset Sequence is revised. 223 228 230 232 272 273 274 307 2.00 Nov. 28, 2005 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Hardware Manual - 1 2 3 5 6 7, 8 9 10 to 12 13 to 15 18 19 34 35 to 37 36 36 Table 5.1 Pin Status When RESET Pin Level is "L" is revised. C-2 REVISION HISTORY Rev. Date 2.00 Nov. 28, 2005 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Hardware Manual Description Page Summary 37 5.2 Software Reset, 5.3 Watchdog Timer Reset, 5.4 Oscillation Stop Detection Reset: Last sentence (Processor mode remains ...) is added to each section. 5.5 Internal Space is added. 6.1 Types Processor Mode is added. Table 6.1 Features of Processor Modes is added. 6.2 Setting Processor Modes is added. Table 6.2 Processor Mode After Hardware Reset and Table 6.3 PM01 to PM00 Bits Set Values and Processor Modes are added. Figure 6.1 PM0 Register is revised. Figure 6.2 PM1 Register is revised._____ Figures 6.4 to 6.7 Memory Map and CS Area in Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (1) to (4) are added. 7. Bus is added. Table 8.1 Clock Generating Circuit Specifications: NOTE 1 is added. Figure 8.8 PLC0 Register: NOTE 4 is added. Figure 8.9 Examples of Main Clock Connection Circuit is revised. Figure 8.10 Examples of Sub Clock Connection Circuit is revised. 8.1.4 PLL Clock * 9th line: The sentence (When the PLL ... to) is added. * NOTE 1 is added. Table 8.2 Example for Setting PLL Clock Frequencies: NOTES 2 and 3 are added. 8.2.1 CPU Clock and BCLK * 10th line: The sentence (During memory expansion ...) is added. 8.4.1.2 PLL Operation Mode: NOTE 1 is added. 8.4.1.6 On-chip Oscillator Mode: Last sentence (When the operation mode is ...) is added. 8.1.1.7 On-chip Oscillator Low Power Dissipation Mode: Last sentence (When the operation mode is ...) is deleted. Table 8.4 Pin Status During Wait Mode is revised. Table 8.6 Interrupts to Stop Mode and Use Conditions is added. Table 8.7 Pin Status in Stop Mode is revised. Figure 8.13 State Transition in Normal Operation Mode: NOTE 7 is deleted. Figure 10.4 Interrupt Control Registers (2): NOTE 2 is added. 10.5.8 Returning from an Interrupt Routine: Last sentence (Register bank ...) is added. 10.5.9 Interrupt Priority: First sentence (If two or more...) is revised. 10.5.10 Interrupt Priority Resolution Circuit: First sentence (The interrupt priority level ...) is revised. Figure 10.12 IFSR1 Register: NOTES 2 and 4 are revised. 10.10 Address Match Interrupt * Second line from the bottom: The sentence (Note that when ...) is added. Table 12.1 DMAC Specifications: DMA transfer Cycles is added. 12.1 Transfer Cycle: 3rd and 4th sentences (During ... / Furthermore ...) are revised and NOTES 1 and 2 are added. 12.1.2 Effect of BYTE Pin Level is added. 38 39 40 41 43, 44 45 to 55 56 63 64 65 66 68 69 70 71 73 76 87 92 96 99 104 108 C-3 REVISION HISTORY Rev. Date 2.00 Nov. 28, 2005 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Hardware Manual Description Page Summary 108 12.1.3 Effect of Software Wait: 3rd to 9th lines is moved from next section of 12.1.2. ________ 12.1.4 Effect of RDY Signal is added. Table 12.2 DMA Transfer Cycles is revised. Table 12.3 Coefficient j, k is revised. 12.5 Channel Priority and DMA Transfer Timing: Last sentence (Refer to ...) is added. Figure 13.12 TA0MR to TA4MR Registers in PWM Mode: b2 is revised from "1" to "(blank)". Figure 14.1 Three-Phase Motor Control Timer Function Block Diagram is revised. Figure 14.2 INVC0 Register: NOTES 5 and 6 are revised. Figure 15.5 U0BRG to U2BRG Registers (lower): NOTE 3 is added. Figure 15.6 U0C0 to U2C0 Registers (lower): NOTE 5 is added. Table 15.9 Example of Bit Rates and Settings: 20 MHz and NOTE 1 are added. Figure 15.37 SiC Register (upper): NOTE 7 is added. Figure 15.37 SiBRG Register (middle): NOTE 4 is added. Figure 16.1 A/D Converter Block Diagram * ADGSEL1 to ADGSEL0 (right/lower) is revised from "10b" to "11b". * NOTE 1 is added. 16.2.6 Output Impedance of Sensor under A/D Conversion * 10th line: f(XIN) is revised to f(AD). Figure 16.10 Analog Input Pin and External Sensor Equivalent Circuit * fAD is revised to AD. Figure 17.1 D/A Converter Block Diagram is revised. Figure 17.2 DA0 and DA1 Registers: Setting Range is added. Figure 17.3 D/A Converter Equivalent Circuit: NOTE 2 is added. Figure 18.3 CRC Calculation is partly revised. Figure 19.11 C0TECR, C1TECR Registers (2nd register): NOTE 1 is added. Table 19.2 Examples of Bit-rate: NOTE 2 is added. 19.15.1 Reception: (5) is partly revised. 20. Programmable I/O Ports * 8th line (Each pin functions ...) is partly revised. * Last sentence (When using ...) is added. * NOTE 1 is added. 20.1 PDi Register * 4th line: The sentence (During memory expansion ...) is added. * NOTE 1 is added. 20.2 Pi Register * 9th line: The sentence (During memory expansion ...) is added. * NOTE 1 is added. 20.3 PURj Register * 5th line: The sentence (However, the pull-up ...) is added. * NOTE 1 is added. Figure20.7 PDi Registers (upper): NOTE 2 is added. Figure20.8 Pi Registers (upper): NOTE 2 is added. Figure20.9 PUR0 Register (upper): NOTE 1 is added. Figure20.9 PUR1 Register (middle): NOTES 1, 2 and 3 are added. 110 112 128 139 140 153 154 171 197 203 217 218 219 220 222 233 238 244 247 248 254 255 256 C-4 REVISION HISTORY Rev. Date 2.00 Nov. 28, 2005 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Hardware Manual Description Page Summary 258 Table 20.3 Unassigned Pin Handling in Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode (Normal-ver. only) is added. Figure 20.12 Unassigned Pins Handling * Figure of memory expansion mode or microprocessor mode is added. * NOTES 1 and 3 are added. Table 21.2 Flash Memory Rewrite Modes Overview * Operation Mode of CPU Rewrite Mode is revised. * NOTE 2 is revised. * NOTE 4 is added. 21.1 Memory Map: 2nd sentence (The user ROM ...) is revised. Figure 21.2 ROMCP Register is revised. Table 21.3 EW0 Mode and EW1 Mode * Flash Memory Status Detection of EW0 Mode is revised. * NOTES 1 and 2 are revised. * NOTE 3 is added. 21.3.2 EW1 Mode: Last sentence (When an erase/program ...) is added. 21.3.3.4 FMSTP Bit * 8th line: Procedure to change the FMSTP bit setting (1) to (4) are added. Figure 21.5 Setting and Resetting of EW0 Mode * First frame: "memory expansion mode" is added. * NOTE 5 is revised and NOTE 6 is added. Figure 21.6 Setting and Resetting of EW1 Mode: NOTE 1 is revised. Figure 21.7 Processing Before and After Low Power Dissipation Mode or On-chip Oscillator Low Power Dissipation Mode * Title, First and second frames (left) and top of right: "on-chip oscillator low power dissipation mode" is added. 21.3.4.11 Stop Mode is revised. 21.3.4.12 Low Power Dissipation Mode and On-chip Oscillator Low Power Dissipation Mode is partly revised. 21.3.5.5 Block Erase Command: Last sentence (Also execute ...) is added. Figure 21.9 Block Erase Command: NOTES 2 and 3 are added. Figure 21.12 Full Status Check and Handling Procedure for Each Error * Erase error: (4) is added. Table 21.7 Pin Functions for Standard Serial I/O Mode * Description of VCC1, VCC2, VSS is revised. * Description of P8_4 is revised. * NOTE 1 is revised. * NOTE 2 is added. Figures 21.15 and 21.16 Circuit Application in Serial I/O Mode 1/2 * "VCC1" and "VCC2" are added. Table 21.8 Pin Functions for CAN I/O Mode * Description of VCC1, VCC2, VSS is revised. * Description of P8_4 is revised. * NOTE 1 is added. 259 260 261 263 264 265 267 269 270 272 275 281 283 286 288 C-5 REVISION HISTORY Rev. Date 2.00 Nov. 28, 2005 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Hardware Manual Description Page Summary 291 Figure 21.19 Circuit Application in CAN I/O Mode: "VCC1" and "VCC2" are added. 293 Table 22.2 Recommended Operating Conditions (1) ________ is partly revised. __________ 297 Table 22.4 Electrical Characteristics (1): HOLD and RDY are added to VT+ - VT-. 299 Table 22.12 Memory Expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode is added. 302 to 304 Switching Characteristics are added. 306 to 312 Figures 22.5 to 22.11 Timing Diagram (2) to (8) are added. 313 to 327 Characteristics of 3.3 V in Normal-ver. are added. 328 to 337 22.2 Electrical Characteristics (T/V-ver.) is added. 339 23.2 External Bus (Normal-ver. only) is added. 342 23.5 Power Control: 4th and 5th items (When entering wait mode ... / When entering stop mode ...) are revised. 360 Figure 23.4 Use of Capacitors to Reduce Noise is partly revised. 361 23.13 A/D Converter: Last item (The applied intermediate ...) is added. 367 23.15 Programmable I/O Ports: 5th and 6th items (Indeterminate values ... / When the 371 23.19.2 Stop Mode is revised. PM01 ...) are added. 23.19.4 Low Power Dissipation Mode and On-Chip Oscillator Low Power Dissipation Mode is partly revised. 23.19.8 Operation Speed is revised. 2.10 Apr.14, 2006 - Revised edition issued * Revised parts and revised contents are as follows (except for expressional change). 5 Table 1.3 Product Information: NOTE 2 is added. 26 Table 4.8 SFR Information (8) * The value of After Reset in IDB0 register is revised. * The value of After Reset in IDB1 register is revised. 50 Table 7.5 MCU Status in Hold State * Item: "P10" is revised to "P14 (3) ". * NOTE 3 is added. 75 Figure 8.12 State Transition to Stop Mode and Wait Mode is revised. 108 12.1.3 Effect of Software Wait: 3rd to 9th lines (Figure 12.5 shows ... required.) is moved 119 Figure 13.7 Registers TA0MR to TA4MR in Timer Mode: NOTE 2 is added. 126 Figure 13.11 Registers TA0MR to TA4MR in One-shot Timer Mode: NOTE 3 is added. 128 Figure 13.12 Registers TA0MR to TA4MR in Pulse Width Modulation Mode: to next section of 12.1.4. NOTE 4 is added. 133 Figure 13.18 Registers TB0MR to TB5MR in Timer Mode: NOTE 1 is added. 136 Figure 13.20 Registers TA0MR to TA4MR in Pulse Period and Pulse Width Measurement 141 Figure 14.3 INVC1 Register: NOTE 6 is added. 142 Figure 14.4 Registers IDB0 and IDB1 (upper): The value of After Reset is revised. 146 Figure 14.8 Registers TA1MR, TA2MR, TA4MR (upper): NOTE 1 is added. Mode: NOTE 2 is added. Figure 14.8 TB2MR Register (lower): NOTE 1 is added. C-6 REVISION HISTORY Rev. Date M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Hardware Manual Description Page Summary 2.10 Apr.14, 2006 150, 151 Figures 15.1 to 15.3 are revised. 153 154 159 162 167 170 171 175 177 184 191 193 195 197 199 200 201 220 229 233 234 235 238 258 295 313 331 342 343 Figure 15.5 Registers U0RB to U2RB (middle): NOTE 3 is added. Figure 15.6 Registers U0C0 to U2C0 (lower): NOTE 6 is added. Table 15.1 Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Mode Specifications * Transfer clock: "fj/2(n+1)" is revised to "fj/(2(n+1))". * Note 3 is revised. Figure 15.11 Transmit and Receive Operation is revised. Table 15.5 UART Mode Specifications: NOTE 2 is revised. * Transfer clock: "fj/16(n+1)" is revised to "fj/(16(n+1))" and "fEXT/16(n+1)" is revised to "fEXT/(16(n+1))" . * Note 2 is revised. Figure 15.17 Transmit Operation is revised. Table 15.9 Example of Bit Rates and Settings: "Actual Time" is revised to "Bit Rate". Table 15.10 I2C Mode Specifications * Transfer clock: "fj/2(n+1)" is revised to "fj/(2(n+1))". 2 Table 15.11 Registers to Be Used and Settings in I C Mode: NOTE 3 is added. Table 15.14 Special Mode 2 Specifications * Transfer clock: "fj/2(n+1)" is revised to "fj/(2(n+1))". Table 15.17 SIM Mode Specifications * Transfer clock: "fj/16(n+1)" is revised to "fj/(16(n+1))" and "fEXT/16(n+1)" is revised to "fEXT/(16(n+1))". Figure 15.32 Transmit and Receive Timing in SIM Mode is revised. 15.1.6.2 Format is revised. Figure 15.37 SiC Register (upper): NOTE 8 is added. Table 15.19 SI/Oi Specifications * Transfer clock: "fj/2(n+1)" is revised to "fj/(2(n+1))". Figure 15.39 SI/Oi Operation Timing: Cycle and Note 1 is revised. (1.5 -> 0.5 to 1.0) 15.2.3 Functions for Setting SOUTi Initial Value: 2nd item (However...) is added. Figure 17.3 D/A Converter Equivalent Circuit is revised. Figure 19.7 Registers C0CTLR and C1CTLR (upper): NOTE 4 is added. Figure 19.11 Registers C0TSR and C1TSR (3rd register): NOTE 1 is added. Figure 19.12 Transition between Operational Modes is revised. 19.5.3 CAN Sleep Mode * 1st item: "and Reset bit to 0" is deleted. Table 19.2 Examples of Bit-rate is revised. Table 20.3 Unassigned Pin Handling in Memory expansion Mode and Microprocessor Mode * Pin Name: "P0 to P7" is revised to "P6, P7". Table 22.4 Electrical Characteristics (1): Hysteresis XIN is deleted. Table 22.28 Electrical Characteristics: Hysteresis XIN is deleted. Table 22.49 Electrical Characteristics (1): Hysteresis XIN is deleted. 23.5 Power Control * 5th item: Notes when entering stop mode is revised. * 6th item: Notes is added. C-7 REVISION HISTORY Rev. Date 2.10 Apr.14, 2006 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Hardware Manual Description Page 360 Summary 23.13 A/D Converter * 1st item: "After stopping ..." is added. C-8 M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Hardware Manual Publication Data : Rev.1.00 Sep 30, 2004 Rev.2.10 Apr 14, 2006 Published by : Sales Strategic Planning Div. Renesas Technology Corp. (c) 2006. Renesas Technology Corp., All rights reserved. Printed in Japan. M16C/6N Group (M16C/6NK, M16C/6NM) Hardware Manual REJ09B0124-0210