Aluminum electrolytic capacitors For automotive applications, single-ended,125 C / 2000 ...5000 h Series/Type: Date: B41896 July 2005 (c) EPCOS AG 2005. Reproduction, publication and dissemination of this data sheet, enclosures hereto and the information contained therein without EPCOS' prior express consent is prohibited. Single-ended Aluminum electrolytic capacitors Introduction Aluminum electrolytic capacitors from EPCOS are constantly being enhanced to specifications meeting the typical requirements in the automotive industry. This section presents the latest innovations within the singleended product line. All existing series have been improved and new series introduced. In addition, special lead configurations have been added to provide a broad range of lead options. The Protection Against Polarity Reversal (PAPR) concept has been extended with J leads and bent 90 leads. Blister packaging is now introduced as standard for all PAPR Standard type J lead configurations. This results in better quality and convenience for the customer. The new B41853 series was developed to achieve excellent performance in airbag applications, covering a wide range of capacitance values up to 6800 F. The high-reliability series B41868 for high temperatures up to 150 C and the new B41896 series with long useful life for temperatures up to 125 C take full advantage of higher ripple current capability in compact can sizes, ensuring exceptional performance in powertrain applications and control units installed in the vicinity of the engine. Crimped lead The B41888 series has also been upgraded and provides very long useful life and high ripple current capability at 105 C. The B43866 series combines high temperature resistance up to 125 C, at high operating voltages up to 350 V, and is a potential solution for new applications such as piezo injector technology. EPCOS quality is certified by the international standards ISO 9001 and ISO/TS 16949. In addition, the introduction of new mechanical and technical features makes EPCOS single-ended aluminum electrolytic capacitors one of the best and most competitive products worldwide. Bent 90 lead Different lead configurations available. For more details see pages 63-66. EPCOS AG Please read the important notes, cautions and warnings. 07/05 1 Data sheet B41896 Specifications andand characteristics in briefin brief Specifications characteristics Rated voltage VR 10 ... 63 VDC Surge voltage Vsurge 1.15 * VR Rated capacitance CR 1 ... 4700 F Capacitance tolerance 20% ; M Product Useful life 125 C; VR; I~R 2 000 h for d = 8.0 mm 3 000 h for d = 10.0 mm 5 000 h for d 12.5 mm Requirements: C/C 35% of initial measured value tan 3 times initial specified value Ileak initial specified value Voltage endurance test 125 C; VR 2 000 h for d = 8.0 mm 3 000 h for d = 10.0 mm 5 000 h for d 12.5 mm Post test requirements: C/C 30% of initial measured value tan 2 times initial specified value Ileak initial specified value Vibration resistance To IEC 60068-2-6, test Fc: displacement amplitude 0.75 mm, frequency range 10 ... 2000 Hz, acceleration max. 20 g, duration 3 x 2 h (body clipping) IEC climatic category To IEC 60068-1: 55/125/56 (- 55 C/+125 C/56 days damp heat test) Sectional specification AEC-Q200, IEC 60384-4, DIN 45910 part 12 Features Wide temperature range up to 125 C Long useful life High ripple current capability Compact design Shelf life of the capacitor up to 15 years at storage temperatures up to 40 C. To ensure solderability, the capacitors should be built into the application within one year of delivery. After a total of two years' storage, the operating voltage must be applied for one hour to ensure the specified leakage current. Specifications characteristics in brief Dimensionaland drawing, standard type Dimensions Product and weights, standard type dxl (mm) d max. d a0.5 + - Minus pole marking 2 ob Stand-off rubber seal max. Safety vent 07/05 15 min. 5 min. KAL0811-E-E b (mm) dmax x lmax (mm) a (mm) 8 x 11.5 8.5 x 13 3.5 0.60 0.05 1.0 10 x 12.5 10.5 x 13.5 5.0 0.60 0.05 1.6 10 x 16 10.5 x 17 5.0 0.60 0.05 1.9 10 x 20 10.5 x 22 5.0 0.60 0.05 2.6 12.5 x 20 13.0 x 22 5.0 0.60 0.05 3.6 12.5 x 25 13.0 x 27 5.0 0.60 0.05 4.5 16 x 25 16.5 x 27 7.5 0.80 0.05 7.5 16 x 31.5 16.5 x 33.5 7.5 0.80 0.05 8.8 18 x 31.5 18.5 x 32.5 7.5 0.80 0.1 18 x 35 18.5 x 37 7.5 0.80 0.1 13 20 x 40 20.5 x 42 10.0 0.80 0.1 16.5 Please read the important notes, cautions and warnings. Approx. weight (g) 11 EPCOS AG Data sheet B41896 Case dimensions and ordering codes VR VDC 10 16 25 35 50 63 *** = CR 120 Hz 20 C F Case dimensions tan max dxl 120 Hz 20 C mm ESRmax 120 Hz 20 C I~R 100 kHz 125 C mA Ileak, max 5 min. 20 C A Ordering code 330 470 1000 2200 3300 4700 100 220 330 470 1000 2200 3300 4700 100 220 330 470 1000 2200 3300 4700 100 220 330 470 1000 2200 3300 1 2.2 3.3 4.7 10 22 33 47 100 220 330 470 1000 2200 22 33 47 100 220 330 470 680 1000 1500 8 x 11.5 10 x 12.5 10 x 20 12.5 x 25 16 x 25 16 x 31.5 8 x 11.5 8 x 11.5 10 x 12.5 10 x 16 12.5 x 20 16 x 25 16 x 31.5 18 x 31.5 8 x 11.5 10 x 12.5 10 x 16 10 x 20 12.5 x 25 16 x 31.5 18 x 31.5 20 x 40 10 x 12.5 10 x 16 10 x 20 12.5 x 20 16 x 25 18 x 35 20 x 40 8 x 11.5 8 x 11.5 8 x 11.5 8 x 11.5 8 x 11.5 8 x 11.5 8 x 11.5 8 x 11.5 10 x 12.5 10 x 20 12.5 x 20 12.5 x 25 16 x 31.5 20 x 40 8 x 11.5 8 x 11.5 10 x 12.5 10 x 16 12.5 x 20 12.5 x 25 16 x 25 16 x 31.5 18 x 31.5 20 x 40 0.80 0.56 0.26 0.13 0.09 0.07 2.25 1.02 0.68 0.48 0.22 0.12 0.08 0.06 2.25 1.02 0.68 0.48 0.22 0.12 0.08 0.06 1.59 0.72 0.48 0.34 0.16 0.08 0.06 132.0 60.0 40.0 28.0 13.0 6.0 4.0 2.8 1.3 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.07 6.0 4.0 2.8 1.3 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.08 500 680 1100 1750 2300 2710 340 500 680 965 1490 2300 2900 3400 500 680 945 1100 1875 2780 3500 4000 620 790 950 1330 2010 2790 4000 35 50 70 100 200 260 300 440 555 930 1330 1650 2430 2900 150 250 350 600 1050 1320 1600 1900 1850 2600 33 47 100 220 330 470 16 35 53 75 160 350 530 750 25 55 82 117 250 550 820 1170 35 77 115 165 350 770 1150 5 5 5 5 5 11 17 24 50 110 165 235 500 1100 14 20 24 63 140 200 240 425 630 945 B41896W3337M*** B41896W3477M*** B41896W3108M*** B41896W3228M*** B41896W3338M*** B41896W3478M*** B41896W4107M*** B41896W4227M*** B41896W4337M*** B41896W4477M*** B41896W4108M*** B41896W4228M*** B41896W4338M*** B41896W4478M*** B41896W5107M*** B41896W5227M*** B41896W5337M*** B41896W5477M*** B41896W5108M*** B41896W5228M*** B41896W5338M*** B41896W5478M*** B41896W7107M*** B41896W7227M*** B41896W7337M*** B41896W7477M*** B41896W7108M*** B41896W7228M*** B41896W7338M*** B41896W6105M*** B41896W6225M*** B41896W6335M*** B41896W6475M*** B41896W6106M*** B41896W6226M*** B41896W6336M*** B41896W6476M*** B41896W6107M*** B41896W6227M*** B41896W6337M*** B41896W6477M*** B41896W6108M*** B41896W6228M*** B41896W8226M*** B41896W8336M*** B41896W8476M*** B41896W8107M*** B41896W8227M*** B41896W8337M*** B41896W8477M*** B41896W8687M*** B41896W8108M*** B41896W8158M*** 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.22 0.24 0.26 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.19 0.21 0.23 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.19 0.21 0.23 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.12 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 "000" for standard leads, bulk "004" "001" for kinked leads, bulk (for 10 mm) "002" for cut leads, bulk (for 10 mm) "008" "003" for crimped leads, blister (for 16 mm) For more details refer to page 63 "Overview of packing units". EPCOS AG for J leads, blister (from 10 x 12.5 mm to 18 x 35 mm) for taped leads, Ammo pack, LS F = 5.0 mm (from 6.3 x 11 mm to 12.5 x 25 mm) "009" for taped leads, Ammo pack, LS F = 7.5 mm (from 16 x 20 mm to 18 x 31.5 mm) "012" for bent 90 leads, blister ( 16 mm and 18 mm) Please read the important notes, cautions and warnings. 07/05 3 Data sheet B41896 Characteristics Useful life depending on ambient temperature TA under ripple current operating conditions Useful life depending on ambient temperature TA under ripple current operating conditions d = 8 mm d = 10 mm 0 40 50 60 70 80 90 110 0.5 0 40 120 C 130 TA Useful life depending on ambient temperature TA under ripple current operating conditions 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 3 000 h 10 000 h 100 2 000 h 1.0 5 000 h 1.0 25 000 h 1.5 50 000 h 1.5 100 000 h 2.0 7 000 h ~ ~R 2.5 2.0 0.5 B41896 20 000 h ~ ~R 2.5 KAL0949-3 3.0 50 000 h B41896 100 000 h 3.0 200 000 h KAL0948-U 120 C 130 TA Frequency factor of permissible ripple current I~ versus frequency f d 12.5 mm KAL0950-6 3.0 B41896 ~ ~R 2.5 2.0 1.5 0 40 4 50 07/05 60 70 80 90 100 110 5 000 h 10 000 h 20 000 h 50 000 h 0.5 100 000 h 250 000 h 1.0 120 C 130 TA KAL0951-E 1.20 ~f ~100 kHz B41896 1.00 0.95 0.90 0.85 0.80 0.75 0.70 0.65 0.60 0.55 0.50 0.45 0.40 1 10 Please read the important notes, cautions and warnings. 10 2 10 3 10 4 Hz 10 5 f EPCOS AG Single-ended Aluminum electrolytic capacitors Overview of packing units Case dimensions dxl Standard, bulk Taped, Ammo pack Kinked leads, Cut leads, bulk bulk (pcs.) PAPR Crimped leads, J leads, blister blister (pcs.) (pcs.) Bent 90 leads, blister (pcs.) (mm) (pcs.) (pcs.) (pcs.) 6.3 x 11 8 x 11.5 10 x 12.5 10 x 16 10 x 20 12.5 x 20 12.5 x 25 16 x 20 16 x 25 16 x 31.5 18 x 20 18 x 25 18 x 31.5 18 x 35 18 x 40 20 x 20 20 x 25 20 x 40 The last three digits of the complete ordering code state the lead configuration. 2500 1000 1000 1000 500 350 250 250 250 200 175 150 100 100 125 125 125 100 000 2000 1000 750 500 500 500 500 300 300 300 250 250 250 - - - - - 008 (F = 5.0 mm, 6.3 ... 12.5 mm) 009 (F = 7.5 mm, 16 ... 18 mm) - - - - 500 500 500 200 200 250 175 150 100 100 100 125 125 200 001 - - 1000 1000 500 500 500 200 200 250 175 150 100 100 100 125 125 200 002 - - - - - - - 200 200 150 200 200 150 150 120 200 200 120 003 - - - - - - - 120 120 120 120 120 120 72 72 - - - 012 - - 675 675 450 300 225 200 200 150 200 200 150 150 - - - - 004 Ordering code example: B41888W6227M003 = crimped leads, blister Lead configurations Standard leads Dimensions (mm) d max. d a0.5 + - Minus pole marking EPCOS AG ob Stand-off rubber seal max. Safety vent 15 min. 5 min. KAL0811-E-E a b dxl dmax x lmax 6.3 x 11 6.8 x 12 2.5 0.50 0.05 8 x 11.5 8.5 x 13 3.5 0.60 0.05 10 x 12.5 10.5 x 13.5 5.0 0.60 0.05 10 x 16 10.5 x 17 5.0 0.60 0.05 10 x 20 10.5 x 22 5.0 0.60 0.05 12.5 x 20 13.0 x 22 5.0 0.60 0.05 12.5 x 25 13.0 x 27 5.0 0.60 0.05 16 x 20 16.5 x 22 7.5 0.80 0.05 16 x 25 16.5 x 27 7.5 0.80 0.05 16 x 31.5 16.5 x 33.5 7.5 0.80 0.05 18 x 20 18.5 x 22 7.5 0.80 0.1 18 x 25 18.5 x 27 7.5 0.80 0.1 18 x 31.5 18.5 x 32.5 7.5 0.80 0.1 18 x 35 18.5 x 37 7.5 0.80 0.1 18 x 40 18.5 x 42 7.5 0.80 0.1 20 x 20 20.5 x 22 10.0 0.80 0.1 20 x 25 20.5 x 27 10.0 0.80 0.1 20 x 40 20.5 x 42 10.0 0.80 0.1 Please read the important notes, cautions and warnings. 07/05 5 Lead configurations Taped in Ammo pack, lead spacing F = 5.0 mm d = 6.3 ... 8 mm d = 10 ... 12.5 mm od od h P h P P0 P0 W2 1 max. View B t t W W0 W1 H View B W W1 W0 H H0 W2 1 max. P1 B Base tape Adhesive tape KAL0709-W-E D0 F P1 1 D0 F 1 Base tape Adhesive tape B KAL0710-Z-E Dimensions (mm) d F H H0 W 6.3 5.0 18.5 16.0 18.0 W0 W1 W2 P P0 P1 l1 t h D0 5.5 9.0 1.5 12.7 12.7 3.85 1.0 0.7 0 4.0 8 5.0 20.0 16.0 18.0 12.5 9.0 1.5 12.7 12.7 3.85 1.0 0.7 0 4.0 10 5.0 19.0 - 18.0 12.5 9.0 1.5 12.7 12.7 3.85 1.0 0.7 0 4.0 12.5 5.0 19.0 - 18.0 12.5 9.0 1.5 15.0 15.0 5.0 1.0 0.7 0 4.0 Tolerance +0.8 / -0.2 0.75 0.5 0.5 min. 0.5 max. 1.0 0.2 0.5 max. 0.2 1.0 0.2 Taped in Ammo pack, lead spacing F = 7.5 mm d = 16 ... 18 mm P P 0.1 h od t W1 View B W W0 H W2 1 max. P0 F D0 P1 1 Base tape Adhesive tape B KAL0712-G-E Dimensions (mm) d F H W W0 W1 W2 P P0 P1 l1 t P h D0 16 7.5 18.5 18.0 12.5 9.0 1.5 30.0 15.0 3.75 1.0 0.7 0 0 4.0 18 * 7.5 18.5 18.0 12.5 9.0 1.5 30.0 15.0 3.75 1.0 0.7 0 0 4.0 Tolerance 0.8 -0.5/+0.75 0.5 min. 0.5 max. 1.0 0.2 0.5 max. 0.2 1.0 1.0 0.2 ) ) * Available only for case dimensions 18 x 20, 18 x 25 and 18 x 31.5 mm 6 07/05 Please read the important notes, cautions and warnings. EPCOS AG Lead configurations Specifications Ammo packand characteristics in brief DimensionsProduct (mm) dxl 6.3 x 11 B C 8 x 11.5 A KAL0713-P Specifications Kinked leadsand characteristics in brief 1.0 max. 1.0 F0.5 od B0.5 KAL0714-X Cut leads 345 55 290 345 55 240 345 55 280 10 x 16 345 60 200 10 x 20 345 60 200 12.5 x 20 345 65 280 12.5 x 25 345 65 280 16 x 20 315 65 275 16 x 25 315 65 275 16 x 31.5 315 65 275 18 x 20 315 65 275 18 x 25 315 65 275 18 x 31.5 315 65 275 F B 10 x 20 5.0 4.5 12.5 x 20 5.0 4.5 12.5 x 25 5.0 4.5 16 x 20 7.5 4.5 16 x 25 7.5 4.5 16 x 31.5 7.5 4.5 18 x 20 7.5 4.5 18 x 25 7.5 4.5 18 x 31.5 7.5 4.5 18 x 35 7.5 4.5 18 x 40 7.5 4.5 20 x 20 10.0 4.5 20 x 25 10.0 4.5 20 x 40 10.0 4.5 Dimensions (mm) od F0.5 dxl B0.5 KAL0715-6 EPCOS AG Cmax DimensionsProduct (mm) od 1.5 max. Bmax 10 x 12.5 dxl _ 0.8 2.8 +1.0 Amax F B 10 x 12.5 5.0 4.5 10 x 16 5.0 4.5 10 x 20 5.0 4.5 12.5 x 20 5.0 4.5 12.5 x 25 5.0 4.5 16 x 20 7.5 4.5 16 x 25 7.5 4.5 16 x 31.5 7.5 4.5 18 x 20 7.5 4.5 18 x 25 7.5 4.5 18 x 31.5 7.5 4.5 18 x 35 7.5 4.5 18 x 40 7.5 4.5 20 x 20 10.0 4.5 20 x 25 10.0 4.5 20 x 40 10.0 4.5 Please read the important notes, cautions and warnings. 07/05 7 Lead configurations PAPR leads ( Protection Against Polarity Reversal ) These lead configurations ensure correct placement of the capacitors on the PCB with regard to polarity. PAPR leads are available for diameters from 10 mm up to 20 mm. There are three configurations available: Crimped leads J leads Bent 90 leads Specifications and characteristics in brief Crimped leads DimensionsProduct (mm) dxl B C D E d max. 16 x 20 1.5 3.0 1.3 0.3 d 16 x 25 1.5 3.0 1.3 0.3 7.5 0.8 0.05 16 x 31.5 1.5 3.0 1.3 0.3 7.5 0.8 0.05 18 x 20 1.5 3.0 1.3 0.3 7.5 0.8 0.1 18 x 25 1.5 3.0 1.3 0.3 7.5 0.8 0.1 18 x 31.5 1.5 3.0 1.3 0.3 7.5 0.8 0.1 18 x 35 1.5 3.0 1.3 0.3 7.5 0.8 0.1 18 x 40 1.5 3.0 1.3 0.3 7.5 0.8 0.1 20 x 20 1.5 3.0 1.3 0.3 10.0 0.8 0.1 20 x 25 1.5 3.0 1.3 0.3 10.0 0.8 0.1 20 x 40 1.5 3.0 1.3 0.3 10.0 0.8 0.1 A max. D0.1 B0.2 a0.5 + C0.2 Safety vent Minus pole marking b KAL0809-3-E Suggestion for PCB hole diameter, wire o0.8 mm E 0.1 View A o1.0 a b 7.5 0.8 0.05 o1.5 KAL0810-6-E Specifications and characteristics in brief J leads DimensionsProduct (mm) B E J a b 10 x 12.5 3.2 0.7 1.2 5.0 0.6 0.05 10 x 16 3.2 0.7 1.2 5.0 0.6 0.05 dxl B0.5 a0.5 J0.2 - Minus pole marking ob max. + E0.5 Safety vent d d max. KAL0979-P-E Specifications and for characteristics brief Bent 90 leads horizontalinmounting C0.3 max. pinning F0.5 E0.5 a0.5 07/05 1.2 5.0 0.6 0.05 0.7 1.2 5.0 0.6 0.05 12.5 x 25 3.2 0.7 1.2 5.0 0.6 0.05 16 x 20 3.5 0.7 1.6 7.5 0.8 0.05 16 x 25 3.5 0.7 1.6 7.5 0.8 0.05 16 x 31.5 3.5 0.7 1.6 7.5 0.8 0.05 18 x 20 3.5 0.7 1.6 7.5 0.8 0.1 18 x 25 3.5 0.7 1.6 7.5 0.8 0.1 18 x 31.5 3.5 0.7 1.6 7.5 0.8 0.1 18 x 35 3.5 0.7 1.6 7.5 0.8 0.1 DimensionsProduct (mm) E F a b 16 x 20 4.0 4.0 12.0 7.5 0.8 0.05 16 x 25 4.0 4.0 12.0 7.5 0.8 0.05 16 x 31.5 4.0 4.0 12.0 7.5 0.8 0.05 18 x 20 4.0 3.0 13.0 7.5 0.8 0.1 18 x 25 4.0 3.0 13.0 7.5 0.8 0.1 ob 18 x 31.5 4.0 3.0 13.0 7.5 0.8 0.1 - 18 x 35 4.0 3.0 13.0 7.5 0.8 0.1 18 x 40 4.0 3.0 13.0 7.5 0.8 0.1 KAL0981-P-E 8 0.7 3.2 C Minus pole marking + 3.2 dxl d max. d Safety vent 10 x 20 12.5 x 20 Please read the important notes, cautions and warnings. EPCOS AG Mounting considerations The internal structure of single-ended capacitors might be damaged if excessive force is applied to the lead wires. Stresses like push, pull, bend, etc. might cause increased leakage current, intermittent capacitance, electrolyte leakage or open/short circuit, due to rupture of terminals or internal elements. The following actions should be avoided: Moving the capacitor after soldering to the PC board. Picking up the PC board by holding the soldered capacitor. Inserting the capacitor on the PC board with a hole space different to the specified lead space. Specifications Example and characteristics in brief Correct mounting Incorrect mounting Product Incorrect mounting Incorrect mounting KAL0708-N-E EPCOS AG Please read the important notes, cautions and warnings. 07/05 9 Important notes The following applies to all products named in this publication: 1. Some parts of this publication contain statements about the suitability of our products for certain areas of application. These statements are based on our knowledge of typical requirements that are often placed on our products in the areas of application concerned. We nevertheless expressly point out that such statements cannot be regarded as binding statements about the suitability of our products for a particular customer application. As a rule, EPCOS is either unfamiliar with individual customer applications or less familiar with them than the customers themselves. For these reasons, it is always ultimately incumbent on the customer to check and decide whether an EPCOS product with the properties described in the product specification is suitable for use in a particular customer application. 2. We also point out that in individual cases, a malfunction of passive electronic components or failure before the end of their usual service life cannot be completely ruled out in the current state of the art, even if they are operated as specified. In customer applica- 10 tions requiring a very high level of operational safety and especially in customer applications in which the malfunction or failure of a passive electronic component could endanger human life or health (e.g. in accident prevention or lifesaving systems), it must therefore be ensured by means of suitable design of the customer application or other action taken by the customer (e.g. installation of protective circuitry or redundancy) that no injury or damage is sustained by third parties in the event of malfunction or failure of a passive electronic component. 3. The warnings, cautions and product-specific notes must be observed. 4. In order to satisfy certain technical requirements, some of the products described in this publication may contain substances subject to restrictions in certain jurisdictions (e.g. because they are classed as "hazardous"). Useful information on this will be found in our Material Data Sheets on the Internet (www.epcos.com/material). Should you have any more detailed questions, please contact our sales offices. 5. We constantly strive to improve our products. Consequently, the products described in this publication may change from time to time. The same is true of the corresponding product specifications. Please check therefore to what extent product descriptions and specifications contained in this publication are still applicable before or when you place an order. We also reserve the right to discontinue production and delivery of products. Consequently, we cannot guarantee that all products named in this publication will always be available. 6. Unless otherwise agreed in individual contracts, all orders are subject to the current version of the "General Terms of Delivery for Products and Services in the Electrical Industry" published by the German Electrical and Electronics Industry Association (ZVEI). 7. The trade names EPCOS, CeraDiode, CSSP, SIMID, PhaseCap, PhaseMod, SIFI, SIKOREL, SilverCap, SIOV, SIP5D, SIP5K, TOPcap, UltraCap, WindCap are trademarks registered or pending in Europe and in other countries. Further information will be found on the Internet at www.epcos.com/trademarks. 07/05 EPCOS AG Cautions and warnings Personal safety The electrolytes used by EPCOS have not only been optimized with a view to the intended application, but also with regard to health and environmental compatibility. They do not contain any solvents that are detrimental to health, e.g. dimethyl formamide (DMF) or dimethyl acetamide (DMAC). Furthermore, part of the high-voltage electrolytes used by EPCOS are self-extinguishing. They contain flameretarding substances which will quickly extinguish any flame that may have been ignited. As far as possible, EPCOS does not use any dangerous chemicals or compounds to produce operating electrolytes. However, in exceptional cases, such materials must be used in order to achieve specific physical and electrical properties because no safe substitute materials are currently known. However, the amount of dangerous materials used in our products has been limited to an absolute minimum. Nevertheless, the following rules should be observed when handling Al electrolytic capacitors: Any escaping electrolyte should not come into contact with eyes or skin. If electrolyte does come into contact with the skin, wash the affected parts immediately with running water. If the eyes are affected, rinse them for 10 minutes with plenty of water. If symptoms persist, seek medical treatment. Avoid breathing in electrolyte vapor or mists. Workplaces and other affected areas should be well ventilated. Clothing that has been contaminated by electrolyte must be changed and rinsed in water. Product safety Make sure that polar capacitors are connected with the right polarity. Voltages polarity clashes should be prevented by connecting a diode. Do not damage the insulating sleeve, especially when ring clips are used for mounting. Do not exceed the upper category temperature (UCT). Make periodic inspections of the capacitors. Before the inspection, make sure that the power supply is turned off and carefully discharge the electricity of the capacitors. Do not apply any mechanical stress to the capacitor terminals. The internal structure of single-ended capacitors may be damaged if excessive force is applied to the lead wires. Avoid any compressive, tensile or flexural stress. Do not move the capacitor after soldering to the PC board. Do not pick up the PC board by the soldered capacitor. Do not insert the capacitor on the PC board with a hole space different to the lead space specified. Do not exceed the specified time or temperature limits during soldering. Capacitors should be dipped in solder for less than 10 seconds. Do not allow halogenated hydrocarbons to come into contact with aluminum electrolytic capacitors. Avoid external energy, such as fire or electricity. Avoid overload of the capacitors. Failure to follow cautions and warnings may result in the worst case in premature failure, bursting and fire. EPCOS AG 07/05 11 Product safety Polarity Make sure that polar capacitors are connected with the right polarity. If the opposite polarity were to be applied, this would cause an electrolytic process resulting in the formation of a dielectric layer on the cathode foil. In this case strong internal heat generation and gas emission may occur and destroy the capacitor. Polar capacitors do not tolerate a voltage reversal. Incorrect polarities of up to 1.5 V are, however, permissible for short periods of time as the formation of a damaging oxide layer on the cathode only starts at voltages of this magnitude. Reverse voltage Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polar capacitors. Where necessary, voltages of opposite polarity should be prevented by connecting a diode. The diode's conducting-state voltage of approximately 0.8 V is permissible. Reverse voltages 1.5 V are tolerable for a duration of less than 1 second, but not in continuous or repetitive operation. Breakdown strength of insulating sleeves The minimum breakdown strength of the insulating sleeve is 2500 VAC or 3500 VDC. A test method for verifying the breakdown strength of the sleeves is described in IEC 60384-4. In order to ensure full breakdown strength, care must be taken not to damage the insulating sleeve, especially when ring clips are used for mounting. The insulation can be improved by using an insulating strip. In such cases, attention must be paid to any relevant regulations (e.g. VDE, BSA or UL regulations). Upper category temperature (UCT) The upper category temperature is the maximum permissible ambient temperature at which a capacitor may be continuously operated. If this limit is exceeded, the capacitor may fail prematurely. For some type series, however, operation at temperatures above the UCT is permissible for short periods of time. The maximum permissible operating temperatures are specified in the data sheets for the individual type series under "Specifications 12 and characteristics in brief", section "Useful life". Maintenance Make periodic inspections for the capacitors that have been used in the devices for industrial applications. Before the inspection, make that the power supply is turned off and carefully discharge the electricity of the capacitors. To check the capacitors, make sure of the polarity when measuring the capacitors by using a volt-ohm meter, for instance. Also, do not apply any mechanical stress to the capacitor terminals. The following items should be checked by the periodic inspections. Significant damage to appearances: venting, electrolyte leakage, etc. Electrical characteristics: leakage current, capacitance, tan and other characteristics prescribed in the catalogs or product specifications. If any of the above is found, replace it or take any other proper measure. Halogenated hydrocarbons may cause serious damage if allowed to come into contact with aluminum electrolytic capacitors. Mounting position An overpressure vent ensures that the gas can escape when the pressure reaches a certain level. To prevent electrolyte from leaking out when the gas is "vented", the capacitor should be mounted in an upright position (90). All of these mounting positions are intended to avoid a vent-down installation of the capacitor. Mounting of single-ended capacitors For further information see page 67. Soldering Excessive time or temperature during soldering will affect capacitor's characteristics and cause damage to the insulation sleeve. Capacitors should be dipped in solder for less than 10 seconds. Contact of the sleeve with soldering iron must be avoided. Soldering, cleaning agents Halogenated hydrocarbons may cause serious damage if allowed to come into contact with aluminum electrolytic capacitors. These solvents may dissolve or decompose the insulating film and reduce the insulating properties to below the permissible level. The capacitor seals may be affected and swell, and the solvents may even penetrate them. This will lead to premature component failure. Because of this, measures must be taken to prevent electrolytic capacitors from coming into contact with the solvents when using halogenated hydrocarbon solvents to clean printed circuit boards after soldering the components, or to remove flux residues. If it is not possible to prevent the electrolytic capacitors from being wetted by the solvent, halogen-free solvents must be used in order to eliminate the possibility of damage. Passive flammability Under the influence of high external energy, such as fire or electricity, the flammable parts may get inflamed. Clause 38 of the relevant specification CECC 30000 (Harmonized System of Quality Assessment for Electronic Components; Generic Specification: Fixed Capacitors) refers to IEC Publication 695-2-2 (Needle Flame Test) for testing the passive flammability of capacitors. And in CECC 30000, severities and requirements for different categories of flammability are listed. Most of aluminum electrolytic capacitors meet the requirements of category C. Active flammability In rare cases the component may ignite caused by heavy overload or some capacitor defect. One reason could be the following: During the operation of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor with nonsolid electrolyte, there is a small quantity of hydrogen developed in the component. Under normal conditions, this gas permeates easily out of the capacitor. But under exceptional circumstances, higher gas amounts may develop and may catch fire if a sparking would occur at the same time. As explained above a fire risk can't be totally excluded. Therefore, it is recommended to use special measures in critical applications (e.g. additional encapsulation of the equipment for mining applications). 07/05 EPCOS AG